WO2016065971A1 - 一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物和其制备方法及由其组成的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料 - Google Patents
一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物和其制备方法及由其组成的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5313—Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5317—Phosphonic compounds, e.g. R—P(:O)(OR')2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5393—Phosphonous compounds, e.g. R—P(OR')2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/329—Phosphorus containing acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an additive composition for a polymer, in particular to a dialkyl phosphinate containing an alkylphosphinate and/or a phosphite, a process for the preparation thereof and a flame retardant composed thereof Thermoplastic polymer molding material.
- Dialkyl phosphinates are widely used as flame retardants and are known to be synthesized by various methods.
- the use of a metal salt of a disubstituted phosphinic acid in the use of a polyester as a flame retardant is disclosed in the patent DE 44 093 032.
- a process for the preparation of a metal salt of a disubstituted phosphinic acid is disclosed in the publications DE 199 092 022 and US Pat.
- 6,359,171 B1 discloses a process for preparing aluminum dialkylphosphinate, which firstly synthesizes a monoalkylphosphinic acid ester using yellow phosphorus, and then reacts with an aluminum salt after hydrolysis to obtain an acid by radical polymerization.
- Aluminum dialkyl phosphinate flame retardant discloses a process for preparing aluminum dialkylphosphinate, which firstly synthesizes a monoalkylphosphinic acid ester using yellow phosphorus, and then reacts with an aluminum salt after hydrolysis to obtain an acid by radical polymerization.
- Aluminum dialkyl phosphinate flame retardant is a process for preparing aluminum dialkylphosphinate, which firstly synthesizes a monoalkylphosphinic acid ester using yellow phosphorus, and then reacts with an aluminum salt after hydrolysis to obtain an acid by radical polymerization.
- Aluminum dialkyl phosphinate flame retardant discloses a process for preparing aluminum dialkylpho
- Aluminum diethylphosphinate is a new halogen-free flame retardant with high heat stability and excellent flame retardancy.
- the flame-retardant polymer molding composition to which aluminum diethylphosphinate is added causes particularly severe corrosion to the screw of the compounding device during processing, and the surrounding polymer Damage is caused, in particular, to degradation of the polymer.
- the main reason is that the dialkylphosphinic acid ionized by aluminum dialkylphosphinate is selectively complexed with metal ions, especially for nickel, chromium and the like of stainless steel clocks. This causes severe corrosion of the screw in the processing of the flame retardant polymer in the dialkyl phosphinate.
- Patent CN103154110 discloses the effect of mixing 1-80% phosphinate in a dialkyl phosphinate as a stabilizer.
- high temperature extrusion in engineering plastics due to lower thermal decomposition temperature of aluminum phosphite During the plastic processing process (most engineering plastics processing temperatures are higher than 200 ° C), it is easily decomposed by heat, and its decomposition will produce highly toxic phosphine other than air.
- its content is less than 1%. Corrosive, stable and safe.
- an object of the present invention to provide a An additive composition comprising an alkylphosphinate and/or a phosphite structure in an alkyl phosphinate and a flame retardant thermoplastic polymer molding material composed thereof.
- the additive is applied to a polymer, and the degree of corrosion of the screw of the compounding device is small during the processing, and the degree of damage to the surrounding polymer is small, and the obtained flame-retardant polymer molding composition has better whiteness and flame retardancy.
- the other properties of the polymer have almost no effect.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing the above-mentioned additive composition for a polymer which is simple in process flow, short in reaction cycle, and high in overall yield.
- An additive composition for a polymer comprising:
- Component A 80% by weight to 99.99% by weight of a dialkylphosphinate having the structure represented by the formula (I),
- R1 and R2 are the same or different and are represented by an ethyl group, a propyl group and/or a butyl group;
- M is Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe
- n 2 to 4.
- Component B 0% by weight to 20% by weight of an alkylphosphinate having the structure represented by the formula (II),
- R3 is represented by ethyl, propyl and/or butyl; M is Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe; m is from 1 to 4;
- Component C 0 wt% to 0.9 wt% of a phosphite having the structure represented by the formula (III);
- R3 is represented by H; M is Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe; m is from 1 to 4;
- the components B and C are not 0 wt% at all, and the sum of the components A, B and C is always 100 wt%.
- the components B and C are not 0 wt% at all, and the sum of the components A, B and C is always 100 wt%.
- the polymer is PBT, nylon, PPE, TPE, TPU, high temperature nylon or epoxy resin, preferably PBT, nylon or PPE.
- the preparation method of the above additive composition for a polymer of the present invention may be one of the following methods:
- step d mixing the products obtained in step a and step b and/or step c;
- hypophosphite is sodium hypophosphite or potassium hypophosphite
- phosphite is sodium phosphite or potassium phosphite
- the metal compound is a metal compound of Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe;
- dialkylphosphinic acid or a salt solution thereof is miscible with an alkylphosphinic acid or a salt solution thereof and/or a phosphorous acid or a salt thereof, and then reacted with a metal compound solution.
- the solvent is water;
- the initiator is an azo initiator, an organic peroxide initiator or an inorganic peroxide initiator;
- the olefin is one or a mixture of two of ethylene and/or butene .
- the reaction aid is sodium borohydride or potassium borohydride.
- the present invention also discloses a flame-retardant thermoplastic polymer molding material comprising the above additive composition, comprising 5-20 parts by weight of an additive for a polymer, 50-70 parts by weight of a polymer or a mixture thereof;
- Additives for polymers include:
- Component A 80% by weight to 99.99% by weight of a dialkylphosphinate having the structure represented by the formula (I),
- R1 and R2 are the same or different and are represented by an ethyl group, a propyl group and/or a butyl group;
- M is Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe
- n 2 to 4.
- Component B 0% by weight to 20% by weight of an alkylphosphinate having the structure represented by the formula (II),
- R3 is represented by ethyl, propyl and/or butyl; M is Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe; m is from 1 to 4; component C: from 0 wt% to 0.9 wt% has the formula (III) a phosphite of the structure;
- R3 is represented by H; M is Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe; m is from 1 to 4;
- the components B and C are not 0 wt% at all, and the sum of the components A, B and C is always 100 wt%.
- the polymer is polyester, nylon, high temperature nylon, PPE, TPE, TPU or epoxy, preferably polyester, nylon or PPE.
- the flame-retardant thermoplastic polymer molding material of the present invention further comprises 15 to 30 parts by weight of glass fibers and 1 to 5 parts by weight of other auxiliary agents.
- the invention has the following beneficial effects:
- Aluminum diethylphosphinate was prepared as in Example 1, and 5000 g of aluminum diethylphosphinate and 0.98 g of ethyl ethylphosphinate were mixed in a high-mixer for 30 minutes to obtain a polymer additive composition.
- the ethyl phosphinate content is 0.02% by weight (parts by mass of the total content, the same applies hereinafter).
- the ethyl ethylphosphinate content was 0.1% by weight.
- the ethyl ethylphosphinate content was 0.96 wt%.
- the ethyl ethylphosphinate content was 4.8 wt%.
- the ethyl ethylphosphinate content was 9.1% by weight.
- the ethyl ethylphosphinate content was 19.4% by weight.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, 20 wt% aqueous sodium diethylphosphinate was prepared, and 0.1 wt% (ethyl phosphinic acid accounted for the mass percentage of diethylphosphinic acid) was added to the aqueous solution of sodium diethylphosphinate. The same ethyl phosphinate, The additive composition was prepared by reacting with a theoretical amount of 20 wt% aqueous aluminum sulfate solution.
- the ethyl ethylphosphinate content was 0.1% by weight.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, 20 wt% aqueous sodium diethylphosphinate was prepared, and 1.0 wt% of sodium ethylphosphonate was added to an aqueous solution of sodium diethylphosphinate to react with a theoretical amount of 20 wt% aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate. An additive composition is prepared.
- the ethyl phosphinate content was 0.99 wt%.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, 20 wt% aqueous sodium diethylphosphinate was prepared, and 10 wt% of sodium ethylphosphonate was added to an aqueous solution of sodium diethylphosphinate to react with a theoretical amount of 20 wt% aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate. An additive composition is obtained.
- the ethyl phosphinate content was 9.1% by weight.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, 20 wt% aqueous solution of sodium diethylphosphinate was prepared, and 25 wt% of sodium ethylphosphonite was added to an aqueous solution of sodium diethylphosphinate to react with a theoretical amount of 20 wt% aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate. An additive composition is obtained.
- the ethyl phosphinate content was 20% by weight.
- Ethylphosphonic acid mol content 0.1% (0.09wt%, the mass content after conversion to the aluminum salt, the same below)
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, 0.1 mol% of sodium phosphite (0.1% by mol of sodium diethylphosphinate) was added to the aqueous solution of sodium diethylphosphinate to react with the theoretical amount of aluminum sulfate.
- the additive composition is prepared, and the aluminum phosphite content is 0.075 wt% (the mass of aluminum phosphite accounts for the total mass content of the phosphorous acid and the aluminum diethylphosphinate), the same below)
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, 1.0 mol% of sodium phosphite was added to an aqueous solution of sodium diethylphosphinate to react with a theoretical amount of aluminum sulfate to prepare an additive composition having an aluminum phosphite content of 0.75 wt%.
- the aluminum phosphite content was 0.02% by weight.
- the aluminum phosphite mass content is 0.10%.
- the mass content of aluminum phosphite is 0.89%.
- an additive composition ethylphosphine was prepared by adding 1 mol% of sodium ethylphosphonite and 1 mol% of sodium phosphite to an aqueous solution of sodium phosphinate to prepare a mixture of an aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate.
- the aluminum acid content was 0.95 wt%
- the aluminum phosphite content was 0.74 wt%.
- the ethyl aluminum phosphite content was 0.98 wt%
- the aluminum phosphinate content was 0.78 wt%.
- the aluminum phosphite content was 1.19 wt%.
- Example 49 is an additive-free combination.
- the blank sample comparison of the material that is, the weight ratio of 0:50:30:10, was extruded from a twin-screw extruder to obtain a flame-retardant thermoplastic polymer molding material, and the combustion performance and mechanical properties of the sample were tested.
- Table 2 The measured results are shown in Table 2 below:
- ⁇ D degree of screw corrosion
- the color test was performed on a Color-Eye-7000A colorimeter (GretagMacbeth).
- the specific test method is:
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Abstract
一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物和其制备方法及由其组成的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料。其中包括:组分A:80wt%-99.99wt%的具有式(I)所示结构的二烷基次膦酸盐,组分B:0wt%-20wt%具有式(Ⅱ)所示结构的烷基亚膦酸盐;组分C:0wt%-0.9wt%具有式(Ⅲ)所示结构的亚磷酸盐;组分B、C不同时为0wt%,且A、B和C组分的总和始终为100wt%。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物,具体涉及一种含有烷基亚膦酸盐和/或亚磷酸盐的二烷基次膦酸盐和其制备方法以及由其组成的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料。
二烷基次膦酸盐,广泛用作阻燃剂,已知其可通过不同的方法进行合成。如专利DE4430932公开了二取代次膦酸金属盐在聚酯用作阻燃剂,DE19910232、US6248921两篇专利公开了一种二取代次膦酸金属盐的制备方法。美国专利US6359171B1公开了一种二烷基次膦酸铝的制备方法,该方法首先采用黄磷合成单烷基次膦酸酯,然后利用自由基引发乙烯化后水解得酸后与铝盐反应得到二烷基次膦酸铝阻燃剂。
二乙基次膦酸铝是一种热稳定高、阻燃性能优异的新型无卤阻燃剂。但在实际应用中发现,添加有二乙基次膦酸铝的阻燃聚合物模塑组合物在加工过程中,对配混组合装置的螺杆会带来特别严重的腐蚀,并对周围聚合物进行损害,尤其是会导致聚合物的降解。主要原因是由于二烷基次膦酸铝在高温条件下电离成的二烷基次膦酸对金属离子有选择性的络合,特别是对不锈钢钟的镍、铬等具有较高的选择性,使得在二烷基次膦酸盐在阻燃聚合物加工中对螺杆有严重腐蚀。我们在研究中还发现,二烷基次膦酸盐对螺杆的腐蚀性随着其烷基链的增长而变得更为严重。在实际应用中我们还发现,添加有二乙基次膦酸铝的阻燃聚合物置件白度有所欠缺。
我们通过研究的发现在二烷基次膦酸盐中混入部分烷基亚膦酸盐和/或少量亚膦酸盐,能够在很大程度上减轻添加有二烷基次膦酸盐的阻燃聚合物模塑组合物在加工过程中对配混组合装置螺杆的腐蚀,且对阻燃聚合物的其他性能几乎无影响。
专利CN103154110公开了在二烷基次膦酸盐中混入1-80%亚膦酸盐起稳定剂的作用,我们发现,因亚磷酸铝的热分解温度较低,而在工程塑料中高温挤
塑加工过程中(大部分工程塑料加工温度均高于200℃)容易受热分解,其分解会产生遇空气可自燃的剧毒磷化氢其他,我们研究发现其含量低于1%更有利于抗腐蚀性、稳定性及其安全性。
同时我们通过研究还发现二烷基次膦酸盐中混入部分烷基亚膦酸盐和/或少量亚磷酸盐,使得添加有二烷基次膦酸盐的阻燃聚合物模塑组合物制件白度更佳。
发明内容
为了解决添加有二烷基次膦酸盐的阻燃聚合物的白度和其模塑组合物在加工过程中对配混组合装置螺杆的腐蚀的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种在二烷基次膦酸盐中含有烷基亚膦酸盐和/或亚磷酸盐结构的添加剂组合物及由其组成的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料。该添加剂应用于聚合物中,在加工过程中对配混组合装置螺杆腐蚀程度小,对周围聚合物损害程度小,所得阻燃聚合物模塑组合物制件白度更好,且对阻燃聚合物的其他性能几乎无影响。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种工艺流程简单、反应周期短、总产率高的上述用于聚合物的添加剂组合物的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物,其中包括:
组分A:80wt%-99.99wt%的具有式(I)所示结构的二烷基次膦酸盐,
其中,R1,R2相同或不同,表示为乙基、丙基和/或丁基;
M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;
m为2至4;
组分B:0wt%-20wt%具有式(Ⅱ)所示结构的烷基亚膦酸盐,
其中,R3表示为乙基、丙基和/或丁基;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为1至4;
组分C:0wt%-0.9wt%具有式(Ⅲ)所示结构的亚磷酸盐;
其中,R3表示为H;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为1至4;
组分B、C不同时为0wt%,且A、B和C组分的总和始终为100wt%。
优选的,用于聚合物的添加剂组合物,其包含:
95wt%-99.99wt%的组分A;
0wt%-5wt%的组分B;
0wt%-0.9wt%的组分C;
组分B、C不同时为0wt%,且A、B和C组分的总和始终为100wt%。
所述聚合物为PBT、尼龙、PPE、TPE、TPU、高温尼龙或环氧树脂,优选PBT、尼龙或PPE。
本发明上述一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物的制备方法,可按下述方法之一:
方法一:
a)在溶剂中加入次磷酸或其盐,在引发剂和反应助剂作用下与烯烃反应,得到的二烷基次膦酸或其盐溶液,其溶液与金属化合物水溶液反应可制备得到二烷基次膦酸盐;
b)在溶剂中加入亚磷酸或其盐,在引发剂和反应助剂作用下与烯烃反应,得到烷基亚膦酸或其盐溶液,其溶液与金属化合物水溶液反应可制备得到烷基亚膦酸盐;
c)将亚磷酸或其盐与金属化合物反应得到亚磷酸盐;
d)将步骤a和步骤b和/或步骤c所得的产物混合即得;
其中,所述次磷酸盐为次磷酸钠或次磷酸钾;所述亚磷酸盐为亚磷酸钠或亚磷酸钾;
所述金属化合物为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe的金属化合物;
或方法二:
将二烷基次膦酸或其盐溶液与烷基亚膦酸或其盐溶液和/或亚磷酸或其盐溶液混溶,然后与金属化合物溶液反应即得。
所述溶剂为水;所述引发剂为偶氮类引发剂、有机过氧化物引发剂或无机过氧化物引发剂;所述烯烃为乙烯和/或丁烯中的一种或两种的混合物。
所述的反应助剂为硼氢化钠或硼氢化钾。
本发明所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物作为阻燃剂的用途。
本发明还公开了一种包含上述添加剂组合物的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料,包括5-20重量份的用于聚合物的添加剂,50-70重量份的聚合物或其混合物;其中,用于聚合物的添加剂包括:
组分A:80wt%-99.99wt%的具有式(I)所示结构的二烷基次膦酸盐,
其中,R1,R2相同或不同,表示为乙基、丙基和/或丁基;
M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;
m为2至4;
组分B:0wt%-20wt%具有式(Ⅱ)所示结构的烷基亚膦酸盐,
其中,R3表示为乙基、丙基和/或丁基;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为1至4;组分C:0wt%-0.9wt%具有式(Ⅲ)所示结构的亚磷酸盐;
其中,R3表示为H;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为1至4;
组分B、C不同时为0wt%,且A、B和C组分的总和始终为100wt%。
所述聚合物为聚酯、尼龙、高温尼龙、PPE、TPE、TPU或环氧树脂,优选聚酯、尼龙或PPE。
本发明所述的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料,还包括15-30重量份的玻璃纤维和1-5重量份的其他助剂。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:
1)本发明制备得到的含有烷基亚膦酸盐和/或亚磷酸盐结构的二烷基次膦酸盐,作为阻燃聚合物的添加剂,该添加剂应用于聚合物中,在加工过程中,极大的降低了二烷基次膦酸盐作为添加剂的阻燃聚合物对配混组合装置螺杆腐蚀程度,降低设备加工成本的同时还减少了加工过程中频繁更换螺杆所造成的能源和人工损失,大大拓宽了该塑料添加剂在市场中的应用范围;
2)本发明制备得到的含有烷基亚膦酸盐和/或亚磷酸盐结构的二烷基次膦酸盐,作为阻燃聚合物的添加剂,该添加剂应用于聚合物中,使得经过挤塑得到的聚合物置件白度优于常规二烷基次膦酸盐改性的聚合物置件;
3)该添加剂制备工艺简单、安全,生产成本低,极为具有实用性。
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明,以下实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受下述实施例的限制。
实施例1:单组份A二乙基次膦酸铝的制备
将1060.0g(10mol)一水合次磷酸钠、9.1g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、3.0g硼氢化钠和1500g水加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至
95℃恒温5h,升温至100℃,再5h内连续补加18.1g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液3169.3g,相当于乙烯吸收量为579.1g(理论量的103.4%)。
31P-NMR分析:
二乙基次膦酸mol含量:98.1%
乙基亚膦酸mol含量:0%
亚磷酸mol含量:0%
其他mol含量:1.9%
取其水溶液949.9g,加入2000g水,加热搅拌至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:374.6g,得率:96.05%。
实施例2:单组份B乙基亚膦酸铝的制备
将1171.4g(10mol)70%亚磷酸、9.1g(0.3%mol亚磷酸)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3.0g硼氢化钠,抽空,用氮气置换5次,抽空,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至90℃恒温10h,并在连续补加18.1g(0.6%mol亚磷酸)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到乙基亚膦酸溶液1487.5g,相当于乙烯吸收量为285.9g(理论量的102.1%)。
31P-NMR分析:
乙基亚膦酸mol含量:98.8%
亚磷酸mol含量:0%
其他mol含量:1.2%
取其溶液223.1g,加入1000g水,加热搅拌至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用1000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到乙基亚膦酸铝:179.0g,得率:93.98%。
实施例3:单组份C亚磷酸铝的制备
将1110.0g,20wt%(0.33mol)硫酸铝水溶液1h内滴入1080g,20wt%(1.0mol)
恒温为80℃的五水合亚磷酸钠水溶液中,过滤,所得滤饼用1000ml水洗涤三次,得到亚磷酸铝94.27g,得率:95.22%。
实施例4:
同实施例1制得二乙基次膦酸铝,将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝、0.98g乙基亚膦酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,乙基亚膦酸铝含量为0.02wt%(占总含量的质量份数,下同)。
实施例5:
将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝、5.0g乙基亚膦酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,乙基亚膦酸铝含量为0.1wt%。
实施例6:
将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝、48.4g乙基亚膦酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,乙基亚膦酸铝含量为0.96wt%。
实施例7:
将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝、250.0g乙基亚膦酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,乙基亚膦酸铝含量为4.8wt%。
实施例8:
将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝、500.0g乙基亚膦酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,乙基亚膦酸铝含量为9.1wt%。
实施例9:
将5000g乙基丁基次膦酸铝、1200.0g乙基亚膦酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,乙基亚膦酸铝含量为19.4wt%。
实施例10:
同实施例1,制得20wt%二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液,并在二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液中加入0.1wt%(乙基亚膦酸占二乙基次膦酸质量百分比,下同)的乙基亚膦酸钠,
与理论量20wt%硫酸铝水溶液反应制备得到添加剂组合物。
乙基亚膦酸铝含量为0.1wt%。
实施例11:
同实施例1,制得20wt%二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液,并在二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液中加入1.0wt%的乙基亚膦酸钠,与理论量20wt%硫酸铝水溶液反应制备得到添加剂组合物。
乙基亚膦酸铝含量0.99wt%。
实施例12:
同实施例1,制得20wt%二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液,并在二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液中加入10wt%的乙基亚膦酸钠,与理论量20wt%硫酸铝水溶液反应制备得到添加剂组合物。
乙基亚膦酸铝含量9.1wt%。
实施例13:
同实施例1,制得20wt%二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液,并在二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液中加入25wt%的乙基亚膦酸钠,与理论量20wt%硫酸铝水溶液反应制备得到添加剂组合物。
乙基亚膦酸铝含量20wt%。
实施例14:
将1060.0g(10mol)一水合次磷酸钠、2.2g(0.01mol)五水合亚磷酸钠、9.1g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、3.0g硼氢化钠和1500g水加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至95℃恒温5h,升温至100℃,再5h内连续补加18.1g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液3173.6g,相当于乙烯吸收量为581.2g(理论量的103.7%)。
31P-NMR分析:
二乙基次膦酸mol含量:99.9%
乙基亚膦酸mol含量:0.1%(0.09wt%,为mol含量折算为铝盐后的质量含量,下同)
亚磷酸mol含量:0%
取其水溶液951.2g,加入加热2000g水,至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.7g(0.501mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1333g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到添加剂组合物:376.0g,得率(含乙基亚膦酸铝,下同):96.31%。
实施例15:
将1060.0g(10mol)一水合次磷酸钠、21.6g(0.1mol)五水合亚磷酸钠、9.1g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、3.0g硼氢化钾和1500g水加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至87℃恒温5h,升温至95℃,再5h内连续补加18.1g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液3193.0g,相当于乙烯吸收量为581.2g(理论量的103.3%)。
31P-NMR分析:
二乙基次膦酸mol含量:98.9%
乙基亚膦酸mol含量:1.1%(0.97wt%)
亚磷酸mol含量:0%
取其水溶液957.9g,加入2000g水,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由339.7g(0.510mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1359g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到添加剂组合物:376.3g,得率:95.56%。
实施例16:
将1060.0g(10mol)一水合次磷酸钠、108g(0.5mol)五水合亚磷酸钠、9.1g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、3.0g硼氢化钾和1500g水加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至87℃恒温5h,升温至95℃,再5h内连续补加27.2g(0.9%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液3305.4g,相当于乙烯吸收量为598.1g(理论量的104.2%)。
31P-NMR分析:
二乙基次膦酸mol含量:95.2%
乙基亚膦酸mol含量:4.8%(4.2wt%)
亚磷酸mol含量:0%
取其水溶液991.0g,加入2000g水,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由366.3g(0.550mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1465g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到添加剂组合物:391.2g,得率:95.64%。409.5
实施例17:
将1060.0g(10mol)一水合次磷酸钠、216g(1.0mol)五水合亚磷酸钠、9.1g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、3.0g硼氢化钾和1500g水加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至87℃恒温5h,升温至95℃,再5h内连续补加27.2g(0.9%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液3425.6g,相当于乙烯吸收量为610.3g(理论量的103.8%)。
31P-NMR分析:
二乙基次膦酸mol含量:91.2%
乙基亚膦酸mol含量:8.8%(7.8wt%)
亚磷酸mol含量:0%
取其水溶液1027.7g,加入2000g水,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由399.6g(0.600mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1599g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到添加剂组合物:409.2g,得率:95.59%。
实施例18:
将1060.0g(10mol)一水合次磷酸钠、540.0g(2.5mol)五水合亚磷酸钠、9.1g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、3.0g硼氢化钾和1500g水加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至87℃恒温5h,升温至95℃,再5h内连续补加
32.3g(1.2%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液3804.0g,相当于乙烯吸收量为659.6g(理论量的104.7%)。630
31P-NMR分析:
二乙基次膦酸mol含量:80.8%
乙基亚膦酸mol含量:19.2%(17.2wt%)
亚磷酸mol含量:0%
取其水溶液1141.2g,加入2000g水,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由499.5g(0.750mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1998g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到添加剂组合物:460.1g,得率:94.82%。
实施例19:
同实施例1,在二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液中加入0.1mol%的亚磷酸钠(0.1%mol为占二乙基次膦酸钠mol含量百分比,下同),与理论量硫酸铝反应制备得到添加剂组合物,亚磷酸铝含量0.075wt%(亚磷酸铝质量占亚磷酸和二乙基次膦酸铝总质量含量百分比,下同)
实施例20:
同实施例1,在二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液中加入1.0mol%的亚磷酸钠,与理论量硫酸铝反应制备得到添加剂组合物,亚磷酸铝含量0.75wt%。
实施例21:
将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝、1g亚磷酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,亚磷酸铝含量为0.02wt%。
实施例22:
将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝、5.0g亚磷酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,亚磷酸铝质量含量为0.10%。
实施例23:
将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝、45.0g亚磷酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物
添加剂组合物。
其中,亚磷酸铝质量含量为0.89%。
实施例24:
同实施例1,在二乙基次膦酸钠水溶液中加入1mol%的乙基亚膦酸钠和1mol%的亚磷酸钠,与理论量硫酸铝水溶液反应制备得到添加剂组合物,乙基亚膦酸铝含量0.95wt%,亚磷酸铝含量为0.74wt%。
实施例25:
将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝、50g亚磷酸铝和40g乙基亚膦酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,乙基亚磷酸铝含量为0.98wt%,亚膦酸铝含量为0.78wt%。
对比例1:
将5000g二乙基次膦酸铝和60g亚磷酸铝加入高混机混合30分钟,得到聚合物添加剂组合物。
其中,亚磷酸铝含量为1.19wt%。
表1实施例1-25中用于塑料的添加剂的各组分
将实施例1-25及对比例1所得的聚合物添加剂组合物在230-260℃与PBT、玻纤、助剂按重量比10:50:30:10混合(实施例49为不添加添加剂组合物的空白样品对比,即重量比为0:50:30:10混合),从双螺杆挤塑机中挤出,制得阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料,制样测试其燃烧性能及力学性能,测得结果参见下表2:
表2添加聚合物添加剂组合物制得的阻燃PBT材料性能参数表
续表2:
各性能测试按如下标准进行:
1、拉伸强度:GB1040-1992塑料拉伸性能试验方法;
2、弯曲强度:GB9341-2000塑料弯曲性能试验方法;
3、挠度:GB9341-2000塑料弯曲性能试验方法;
4、燃烧性能:UL94塑料燃烧性能测试;
5、ΔD(螺杆腐蚀程度)的确定:配混组合装置每加工100t聚合物模塑组合物时,测定生产前后螺杆的直径(D前和D后),计算生产100t聚合物模塑组合物后,螺杆直径的差值ΔD=D前-D后,ΔD值越大,表示螺杆腐蚀越严重。
6、色度测试标准:
色度测试在Color-Eye-7000A测色仪(GretagMacbeth公司)上进行,具体测试方法为:
1)将树脂注塑成2mm厚的色板;
2)根据树脂的成分,设置Lab值测试仪的测量口径等参数;
3)将色板置于测试窗口,点击“测试”按钮,进行Lab值测试,系统即可显示相应的Lab值。
对于PBT本色料,L值越大,颜色越白,越便于配色。
Claims (10)
- 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物,其特征在于,其包含:95wt%-99.99wt%的组分A;0wt%-5wt%的组分B;0wt%-0.9wt%的组分C;组分B、C不同时为0wt%,且A、B和C组分的总和始终为100wt%。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物,其特征在于,所述聚合物为PBT、尼龙、PPE、TPE、TPU、高温尼龙或环氧树脂,优选PBT、尼龙或PPE。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,按下述方法之一:方法一:a)在溶剂中加入次磷酸或其盐,在引发剂和反应助剂作用下与烯烃反应,得到的二烷基次膦酸或其盐溶液,其溶液与金属化合物水溶液反应可制备得到二烷基次膦酸盐;b)在溶剂中加入亚磷酸或其盐,在引发剂和反应助剂作用下与烯烃反应,得到烷基亚膦酸或其盐溶液,其溶液与金属化合物水溶液反应可制备得到烷基亚膦酸盐;c)将亚磷酸或其盐与金属化合物反应得到亚磷酸盐;d)将步骤a和步骤b和/或步骤c所得的产物混合即得;其中,所述次磷酸盐为次磷酸钠或次磷酸钾;所述亚磷酸盐为亚磷酸钠或亚磷酸钾;所述金属化合物为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe的金属化合物;或方法二:将二烷基次膦酸或其盐溶液与烷基亚膦酸或其盐溶液和/或亚磷酸或其盐溶液混溶,然后与金属化合物溶液反应即得。
- 如权利要求4所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂为水;所述引发剂为偶氮类引发剂、有机过氧化物引发剂或无机过氧化物引发剂;所述烯烃为乙烯和/或丁烯中的一种或两种的混合物。
- 如权利要求4所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的反应助剂为硼氢化钠或硼氢化钾。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂组合物作为阻燃剂的用途。
- 一种包含如权利要求1所述添加剂组合物的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料,包 括5-20重量份的用于聚合物的添加剂,50-70重量份的聚合物或其混合物;其中,用于聚合物的添加剂包括:组分A:80wt%-99.99wt%的具有式(I)所示结构的二烷基次膦酸盐,其中,R1,R2相同或不同,表示为乙基、丙基和/或丁基;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为2至4;组分B:0wt%-20wt%具有式(Ⅱ)所示结构的烷基亚膦酸盐,其中,R3表示为乙基、丙基和/或丁基;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为1至4;组分C:0wt%-0.9wt%具有式(Ⅲ)所示结构的亚磷酸盐;其中,R3表示为H;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为1至4;组分B、C不同时为0wt%,且A、B和C组分的总和始终为100wt%。
- 如权利要求8所述的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料,其特征在于,所述聚合物为聚酯、尼龙、高温尼龙、PPE、TPE、TPU或环氧树脂,优选聚酯、尼龙或PPE。
- 如权利要求8所述的阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料,其特征在于,还包括15-30重量份的玻璃纤维和1-5重量份的其他助剂。
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| CN115819844B (zh) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-07-12 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | 一种烷基亚膦酸复合盐及其制备方法和应用 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104371142B (zh) | 2016-07-13 |
| EP3214118A4 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
| CN104371142A (zh) | 2015-02-25 |
| EP3214118A1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
| EP3214118B1 (en) | 2020-10-07 |
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