WO2016074593A1 - 一种用于基站天线的反射板以及基站天线阵列结构 - Google Patents

一种用于基站天线的反射板以及基站天线阵列结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016074593A1
WO2016074593A1 PCT/CN2015/094084 CN2015094084W WO2016074593A1 WO 2016074593 A1 WO2016074593 A1 WO 2016074593A1 CN 2015094084 W CN2015094084 W CN 2015094084W WO 2016074593 A1 WO2016074593 A1 WO 2016074593A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reflector
phase shifter
cavity
base station
station antenna
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/094084
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李梓萌
斯莱德科夫⋅维克托
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US15/507,787 priority Critical patent/US10158165B2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to ES15859582T priority patent/ES2846855T3/es
Priority to RU2017106924A priority patent/RU2660016C1/ru
Priority to EP15859582.7A priority patent/EP3223368B1/en
Publication of WO2016074593A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016074593A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H01P1/184—Strip line phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/528—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the re-radiation of a support structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/001—Crossed polarisation dual antennas

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of mobile communication base station antennas, and in particular, to a reflector for a base station antenna.
  • the basic structure of a base station antenna is generally composed of a reflector, a transmission mechanism, a radiating unit, and a feeding network.
  • the reflector can improve the electromagnetic wave characteristics of the communication base station antenna, especially the beam characteristics. Therefore, the reflector is an important component of the base station antenna. In part, the determination of the pattern of the antenna plays a major role. Generally, the larger the size of the reflector, the better the front-to-back ratio performance of the antenna, but the lobe width of the antenna will be narrower.
  • the reflective floor of a conventional directional antenna is required to be about 1/4 wavelength larger than the size of the antenna radiating device, which will make the overall size of the antenna large.
  • one of the reflector designs includes a flat plate that is inclined to the horizontal direction.
  • the flat plate with the inclined side walls can correspond to a plurality of resonant frequencies, so that the working bandwidth of the base station antenna is wider, and the same direction is wider.
  • the consistency of the pattern in the bandwidth is good, but the structure of the reflector may make the base station antenna relatively large; the other reflector design is a horizontal plate, although the volume of the reflector is Relatively small, but due to the impact of components such as base station antenna phase shifters, transmission mechanisms, etc., the external dimensions of conventional antennas are still large.
  • the structure of the reflector affects the structure of the antenna, and the size of the reflector directly determines the outer dimensions of the antenna.
  • the purpose of the present application is to solve the problem that the existing reflector cannot meet the use requirements of the base station antenna miniaturization.
  • a new reflective plate with improved structure and a base station antenna array structure based on the reflective plate are provided.
  • One aspect of the present application discloses a reflector for a base station antenna.
  • the body of the reflector is a single-layer or multi-layer reflector chamber, and each layer of the reflector chamber is provided with at least one phase shift.
  • a cavity, and each of the reflector chambers is respectively provided with a guiding slot and a latching position, the phase shifter cavity is for accommodating the corresponding components of the phase shifter, and the guiding slot and the card slot are used for fixing the corresponding phase shifter
  • the component and the movable dielectric sheet of the phase shifter are movable within the guide slot.
  • the plate surface of the reflector is provided with elongated slots on both sides thereof, and the elongated slots are parallel and connected with the guiding slots, and the elongated slots are used to facilitate the connection of the phase shifter with its transmission mechanism.
  • the surface of the reflector is provided with a plurality of fastener holes for fixing the connection radiation device.
  • each of the reflective plate cavities on both sides of the central axis of the reflecting plate has a symmetric square cavity, and the square cavity extends along the length of the reflecting plate and is parallel with the guiding grooves of each layer, and the square cavity It is used to set the input and output ports of the phase shifter; and opposite to the square cavity, a rectangular hole for the cable to penetrate is arranged on the surface of the reflector, and a metal side wall is formed between the rectangular holes to isolate different polarizations. The role of restraining mutual enthusiasm.
  • the base station antenna array structure includes the reflector of the present application, a joint adapter plate, a radiation device, a phase shifter, a transmission mechanism; At one end of the reflector, integrally formed with the reflector; the radiation device is fixed on the surface of the reflector; the phase shifter is disposed in the cavity of the phase shifter, and is fixed by the guide slot and the card position, and the transmission mechanism is disposed in the reflection On the plate surface of the plate, the sliding of the transmission mechanism drives the phase shifter to move in the guiding groove.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a propeller shaft support body, a propeller shaft, and a rotating pallet; the propeller shaft support body is fixed on the surface of the reflector, and one end of the propeller shaft is fixed on the propeller shaft support body, and the other end is fixed at the other end.
  • the rotating pallet is movably connected to the drive shaft and movable along the drive shaft.
  • both ends of the rotating pallet are fixedly connected to the phase shifter located in the cavity of the reflector through an elongated slot disposed on the surface of the reflector.
  • a non-metallic dielectric film is disposed between the radiation device and the surface of the reflector to prevent generation of Intermodulation.
  • the phase shifter comprises a sliding medium block, a dielectric block guiding groove, a drawbar, a substrate medium and a metal strip line; the pull rod is disposed in the reflective plate guiding groove, and the sliding medium block is movably connected to the medium block guiding groove
  • the guiding block of the dielectric block is embedded in the latching position of the reflecting plate, so as to facilitate the pulling of the entire phase shifter to accurately slide in the guiding groove, and the substrate medium is fixed on the phase shifter cavity for supporting the metal strip line.
  • the end cover and the joint are further included, and the end cover and the joint are fixedly mounted on the joint transfer plate.
  • the beneficial effects of the present application are:
  • the reflector of the present application designs the phase shifter cavity and the reflector into a one-piece structure, which has good consistency, few welding, extremely simple assembly, short assembly time, and production efficiency. High, and low raw materials, low cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective structural view of a base station antenna array structure in an embodiment of the present application, which includes a set of radiation devices, a phase shifter, a transmission mechanism, a reflector, an end cover, a joint, and the like;
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the bottom structure of a base station antenna array structure in the embodiment of the present application, which mainly includes a set of transmission devices, end covers, joints, cables, joint adapter plates and the like;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the top structure of a base station antenna array structure in the embodiment of the present application, which includes a reflector, a phase shifter cavity, a device, and the like;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the internal details of a phase shifter of a base station antenna array structure in the embodiment of the present application, which includes components such as a medium fast, a strip line, and the like;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective structural view of a base station antenna array structure according to another embodiment of the present application, which includes a single-layer reflector, a phase shifter, a transmission mechanism, a reflector, an end cover, a joint, and the like.
  • the novel base station antenna array reflector of the present application and the structure thereof comprise an integrated single-layer or multi-layer reflector cavity structure, wherein the cavity is provided with a phase shifter, and the reflector cavity is provided with a guide
  • the radiation device is disposed on the central axis of the reflector surface, the base of the radiation device has a fixed hole position, and the corresponding reflector plate also has a hole Position, each radiating device is fixed on the surface of the reflecting plate by a plurality of rivets or fasteners.
  • the phase shifting device also has a hole corresponding to the reflecting plate surface and the base of the radiation device, when the fixed radiation device is The phase shifter is also fixed.
  • Phase shifter cavity The structure is integrated with the reflecting plate surface, and the reflecting plate surface is provided with a single pair or two pairs of side edges, and each pair of side edges are parallel to each other and two sides symmetrically distributed with respect to the central axis of the reflecting surface.
  • An elongated slot is formed adjacent to the side of the reflector surface, and the phase shifter transmission mechanism on the reflective panel drives the sliding carriage to move linearly in the elongated slot through the screw thread, and the sliding carriage passes through the fastener and
  • the phase shifter components are connected, and when the sliding carriage is linearly reciprocated, the phase shifter realizes beam adjustment to the vertical plane.
  • the input connector is located at the bottom end of the antenna, and is fixed on the connector adapter plate.
  • the connector adapter plate is fixed on the reflector plate, and the antenna bracket is externally connected by the fastener.
  • an isolation shielding plate is arranged between the radiation devices to suppress mutual interference.
  • the reflector and the phase shifter cavity are integrally formed.
  • the integrally formed structure of the reflector and the phase shifter cavity can be integrally formed by metal extrusion, or can be formed by pultrusion of a non-metallic material and then metal plating on the surface, or can be made by a technique such as 3D printing.
  • the reflector cavity structure can be composed of a single layer, a double layer or a multilayer cavity.
  • the reflector cavity structure may be formed by stacking a plurality of single-layer cavities by riveting or welding.
  • the reflector structure can be constructed by stacking conventional single reflectors with one or more phase shifter cavities by riveting or soldering.
  • Each cavity is divided into a plurality of sub-cavity structures according to design requirements.
  • the feed network is a cableless design.
  • the transmission mechanism is located on the reflecting surface.
  • the connector input cable is on the reflective surface.
  • the input port is on the reflective surface.
  • the input port has an input conductor and a non-metallic dielectric film between the input conductor and the reflector.
  • the radiation device is fixed on the reflector, and a non-metallic dielectric film is disposed between the base of the radiation device and the reflector.
  • a metal isolating plate is installed between the radiation devices.
  • the metal isolating plate between the radiating devices is fixed on the reflecting plate, and a non-metal dielectric film is disposed between the metal separating plate and the reflecting plate.
  • the separator plate can be made of metallized surface of a non-metal sheet.
  • a hole is formed in the reflector below the base of the radiation device, and a metal side wall is formed between the holes.
  • the height of the radiation device and the reflector surface is less than the center frequency of 0.15 ⁇ .
  • the top of the radiation device is a conductor piece that is fast supported by an insulating medium. There are evenly distributed conductor strips around the radiation device.
  • the base station antenna array structure of this example is shown in FIG.
  • a set of radiation device 1, phase shifter 2, transmission mechanism 3, reflector 4, end cover 5, connector 6, cable 7, connector adapter plate 8 and the like are included.
  • the size of the reflecting plate 4 is smaller than that of the conventional known antenna reflecting plate, and it can be seen that the reflecting plate 4 is designed as an integrated structure of a double-layered cavity, and a phase shift is placed in each cavity of the reflecting plate 4.
  • the phase shifter is designed to match the cavity; a set of radiation devices 1 fix the radiation device on the reflector with fasteners 11; the transmission mechanism 3 is placed on the reflector surface of the antenna, which saves the antenna Back space, reduce the thickness of the antenna.
  • the joint adapter plate 8 is die-cast from zinc-aluminum alloy, and the joint adapter plate 8 is disposed in the cavity and fixed to the reflector by a fastener 8a.
  • the fastener is connected to the mounting bracket.
  • the end cap 5 and the joint 6 are mounted on the joint adapter plate 8 by fasteners, the 7-end of the cable is welded to the joint, the other end is welded to the input port of the antenna, and the cable 7 is located on the reflecting surface.
  • the base station antenna array structure which includes the entire transmission mechanism 3, the end cover 5, the joint 6, the cable 7, the joint adapter plate 8, and the like.
  • the transmission mechanism 3 is placed on the reverse plate surface, and the drive shaft support body 3a supports one end of the transmission shaft 3b on the reflection plate 4, and the other end passes through the concentric hole 3e of the joint adapter plate 8 and the end cover 5, and Concentric with them, the rotating carriage 3c cooperates with the transmission shaft 3b, and the transmission carriage 3c has small holes 3d at both ends.
  • the reflection plate 4 is provided with an elongated slot 4a, which is thin.
  • the long groove 4a is parallel to the central axis of the reflecting plate, the center of the small hole 3d coincides with the center of the elongated groove 4a, and the hole position on the sliding rod of the phase shifter coincides with the center of the small hole 3d and the center of the elongated groove 4a, so that we
  • the sliding carriage 3c can be associated with the phase shifter by using a fastener. When the sliding carriage 3c moves back and forth within the elongated slot 4a, the phase shifter 2 can adjust the downtilt angle of the pattern of the vertical plane of the antenna. .
  • the reflector 4 has a double-layer cavity structure, wherein 4e is a reflector guide groove, and 4d is a guide card position.
  • 4e is a reflector guide groove
  • 4d is a guide card position.
  • the groove 4e is guided in the longitudinal direction
  • the guide card position 4d is in the lateral upper limit position.
  • the square cavity 4c is symmetrically distributed on both sides along the central axis of the reflector, and the square cavity is the position of the input end of the phase shifter, and the mutual enthalpy is suppressed.
  • the hole 4b is a fastener hole through which the adjustment bracket of the antenna can be fixed.
  • the fastener 11a fixes the radiation device 1 to the reflector 4, in the opposite
  • FIG. 4 shows a partial view of a base station antenna phase shifter 2, which includes a sliding medium fast 2a, a dielectric block guiding groove 2b, a tie rod 2c, a substrate medium 2d, and a metal strip line 2e.
  • the pull rod 2c is disposed in the reflection plate guiding groove 4e, and the guiding card position 4d is embedded in the medium block guiding groove 2b, so that the slider of the phase shifter can slide back and forth accurately.
  • the substrate medium 2d supports the metal strip line 2e, and the fastener 11a fixes the substrate medium 2d.
  • the base station antenna array structure of this example is shown in FIG. 5.
  • This example uses a single-layer cavity structure, and other designs are completely the same as those in the first embodiment, and will not be described here.
  • the reflector can be designed as a single layer, a double layer, or a plurality of layers.
  • the structure, and, according to the installation manner of the transmission mechanism, a card position can be arranged on the surface of the reflector to facilitate accurate sliding of the transmission mechanism.
  • the phase shifter cavity and the reflector are designed as an integrated structure, which has good consistency, little welding, and extremely simple assembly. High production efficiency, low raw materials and low cost.
  • the joint transfer plate and the reflection plate are designed as a single structure, which also reduces the welding points and facilitates assembly.
  • the present technology can also be applied to antenna bursts in any other frequency band. Therefore, the above is only a preferred implementation manner of the present application, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present application.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种用于基站天线的反射板和基站天线阵列结构。本申请的反射板的主体为单层或多层的反射板腔体，每层反射板腔体内部设置有至少一个移相器腔体，并且，每层反射板腔体中分别设置有导向槽和卡位，移相器腔体用于容纳移相器部件，导向槽，卡位及孔位用于固定移相器相应的部件，并使得移相器的可移动绝缘介质片可以在导向槽内移动。本申请的反射板把移相器腔体与反射板设计成一体式结构，不仅一致性好，焊接极少，装配极其简单，装配时间短，生产效率高，而且原材料少，成本低。

Description

一种用于基站天线的反射板以及基站天线阵列结构 技术领域
[0001] 本申请涉及移动通信基站天线技术领域， 特别涉及一种用于基站天线的反射板
， 以及基于该反射板的基站天线阵列结构。
背景技术
[0002] 现代移动通信行业的发展非常迅猛， 由此对基站天线也提出了越来越高的要求 ， 尤其在带宽特性、 外形尺寸小型化等方面的要求越来越严格， 在网络分布高 度密集， 以及人们对周围环境电磁波污染越发敏感的今天， 天线小型化的需求 越加明显。 另外， 由于风阻和利于机械安装等实际工程因素， 减小天线的整体 尺寸也十分必要。
[0003] 基站天线的基本结构通常由反射板、 传动机构， 辐射单元和馈电网络等构成， 其中反射板可以改善通信基站天线电磁波特性尤其是波束特性， 因此反射板是 基站天线的一个重要组成部分， 对天线的方向图的确定起主要作用， 一般来说 ， 反射板的尺寸越大， 天线的前后比性能越好， 但天线的波瓣宽将变窄。 传统 定向天线的反射底板要求比天线辐射装置的尺寸大 1/4波长左右， 这样将使天线 的整体尺寸很大。 例如， 其中一种反射板设计包括倾斜于水平方向的平板， 这 种带有倾斜侧墙的平板可以对应多个谐振频率， 这样使得基站天线的工作带宽 就比较宽， 同吋方向图在较宽的带宽内方向图的一致性较好， 但是这种反射板 的结构可能会使基站天线的体积相对比较大； 另外一种反射板设计， 其结构为 一个水平板， 这种反射板的体积虽然相对较小， 但是由于基站天线移相器， 传 动机构等部件的影响传统天线的外形尺寸依然较大。 对基站天线而言， 反射板 的结构影响天线的结构， 反射板的大小直接决定了天线的外形尺寸。
[0004] 由上述可以看出决定基站天线小型化的因素很多， 例如， 辐射装置的高度， 移 相器的结构形式， 转动机构的结构， 反射板结构及整体部件的结构布局等都影 响基站天线的外形尺寸， 其中反射板的影响至关重要。 因此， 当前迫切需要一 种新的天线结构来解决小型化这一技术问题。 [0005] 发明内容
[0006] 本申请的目的是针对现有的反射板无法满足基站天线小型化的使用需求的问题
， 提供一种结构改进的新的反射板， 以及基于该反射板的基站天线阵列结构。
[0007] 为了达到以上目的， 本申请采用了如下技术方案。
[0008] 本申请的一方面公幵了一种用于基站天线的反射板， 反射板的主体为单层或多 层的反射板腔体， 每层反射板腔体内部设置有至少一个移相器腔体， 并且， 每 层反射板腔体中分别设置有导向槽和卡位， 移相器腔体用于容纳移相器的相应 部件， 导向槽和卡位用于固定移相器的相应部件， 并使得移相器的可移动绝缘 介质片可以在导向槽内移动。
[0009] 优选的， 反射板的板面上在其两侧边幵设有细长槽， 细长槽与导向槽平行且连 通， 细长槽用于方便移相器与其传动机构连接。
[0010] 优选的， 反射板的板面上幵设有若干个紧固件孔， 紧固件孔用于固定连接辐射 装置。
[0011] 优选的， 反射板的中轴线两侧每层反射板腔体中都有对称的方形腔体， 方形腔 体沿反射板长度方向延伸， 并与各层的导向槽平行， 方形腔体用于设置移相器 的输入和输出端口； 并且与方形腔体相对的， 在反射板的板面上幵设有供电缆 穿入的矩形孔， 矩形孔间有金属边墙起隔离不同极化的作用， 抑制互藕。
[0012] 本申请的另一面还公幵了一种基站天线阵列结构， 基站天线阵列结构包括本申 请的反射板， 接头转接板、 辐射装置、 移相器、 传动机构； 接头转接板固定于 反射板的一端， 与反射板一体成型； 辐射装置固定于反射板的板面上； 移相器 设置于移相器腔体中， 并通过导向槽和卡位固定， 传动机构活动设置于反射板 的板面上， 传动机构的滑动带动移相器在导向槽内移动。
[0013] 优选的， 传动机构包括传动轴支撑体、 传动轴、 转动托板； 传动轴支撑体固定 在反射板的板面上， 传动轴的一端固定在传动轴支撑体上， 另一端固定在接头 转接板上， 转动托板活动连接于传动轴上， 可沿传动轴移动。
[0014] 优选的， 转动托板的两端通过设置在反射板板面的细长槽与位于反射板腔体的 移相器固定连接。
[0015] 优选的， 辐射装置与反射板的板面之间具有非金属介质薄膜， 用于避免产生被 动互调。
[0016] 优选的， 移相器包括滑动介质块、 介质块导向槽、 拉杆、 衬底介质和金属带状 线； 拉杆设置于反射板导向槽中， 滑动介质块活动连接于介质块导向槽中， 而 介质块导向槽嵌在反射板的卡位中， 以方便拉杆拉动整个移相器在导向槽中准 确滑动， 衬底介质固定于移相器腔体上， 用于支撑金属带状线。
[0017] 优选的， 还包括端盖和接头， 端盖和接头固定安装在接头转接板上。
[0018] 本申请的有益效果是： 本申请的反射板把移相器腔体与反射板设计成一体式结 构， 不仅一致性好， 焊接极少， 装配极其简单， 装配吋间短， 生产效率高， 而 且原材料少， 成本低。
[0019] 附图说明
[0020] 图 1是本申请实施例中基站天线阵列结构的立体结构图， 它包含了一组辐射装 置， 移相器， 传动机构， 反射板， 端盖， 接头等部件；
[0021] 图 2是本申请实施例中基站天线阵列结构的底部结构细节立体图， 它主要包含 了一组传动装置， 端盖， 接头， 电缆， 接头转接板等部件；
[0022] 图 3是本申请实施例中基站天线阵列结构的顶部结构细节立体图， 它包含了反 射板， 移相器腔体， 装置等部件；
[0023] 图 4是本申请实施例中基站天线阵列结构的移相器内部细节立体图， 它包含了 介质快， 带状线等部件；
[0024] 图 5是本申请另一实施例中基站天线阵列结构的的立体结构图， 它包含了单层 反射板， 移相器， 传动机构， 反射板， 端盖， 接头等部件。
[0025] 图 6是本申请的反射板的各种变体。
[0026] 具体实施方式
[0027] 本申请的新型基站天线阵反射板及其结构， 包括一体化的单层或多层反射板腔 体结构， 这些腔体之中设置有移相器， 反射板腔体中设有导向槽和卡位等对移 相器的相应部件进行导向及限位； 辐射装设置位于反射板面的中轴线上， 辐射 装置的基座上有固定孔位， 对应的反射板上也幵有孔位， 每个辐射装置用若干 个铆钉或紧固件固定在反射板面上， 同样， 移相器上也有与反射板面， 辐射装 置基座相对应的孔位， 当固定辐射装置吋， 同吋也固定了移相器。 移相器腔体 与反射板面组成一体的结构， 反射板面上设有单对或双对侧边， 每对侧边相互 平行并相对于反射面中心轴线对称分布的两条侧边。 平行于反射板面侧边附近 幵有细长槽， 反射面板上的移相器传动机构通过丝杆螺纹带动滑动拖板在细长 槽内往做直线复运动， 滑动拖板通过紧固件与移相器部件相连接， 当滑动拖板 做直线往复运动吋， 移相器就实现了对垂直面的波束调整。 反射板的中轴线两 侧有对称的方形腔体， 在反射板面， 辐射装置的下方幵有矩形孔， 用于辐射装 置馈电电缆与移相器输入端口间的连接， 矩形孔间有金属边墙起隔离不同极化 的作用， 抑制互藕。 输入接头位于天线的底端， 固定在接头转接板上， 接头转 接板固定在反射板上， 通过紧固件外接天线支架。 反射板面上有信号输入端口 ， 接头的同轴电缆线焊接在输入端口， 另外， 辐射装置间安有隔离屏蔽板， 抑 制互藕。
[0028] 反射板与移相器腔体是成一体成型结构。 反射板与移相器腔体的一体成型结构 可以用金属挤压一体成型， 也可以用非金属材料拉挤成型后再表面电镀金属后 制成， 还可以用 3D打印等技术制成。 反射板腔体结构可以由单层， 双层或多层 腔体组成。 反射板腔体结构可以由多个单层腔体通过铆接或则焊接等其他方式 叠加构成。 反射板结构可以由传统单反射板与一层或多层移相器腔体通过铆接 或则焊接等其他方式叠加构成。 每一层腔体根据设计需要被分成多个子腔体结 构。 反射板上的腔体里有导向槽与限位卡。 反射板中轴线上的两侧有对称的小 腔体。 反射板面上设有侧边。 反射板面上一端有细长槽。
[0029] 馈电网络为无电缆设计。 传动机构位于反射面上。 接头输入电缆位于反射面上 。 输入端口位于反射面上。 输入端口上有输入导体， 且输入导体与反射板间有 非金属介质薄膜。 输入端口间有金属隔离片。 辐射装置固定在反射板上， 在辐 射装置的基座与反射板之间设有非金属介质薄膜。 辐射装置间安装有金属隔离 板。 辐射装置间的金属隔离板固定在反射板上， 金属隔离板与反射板间设有非 金属介质薄膜。 隔离板可用非金属片表面镀金属制成。 在辐射装置的基座下方 的反射板上幵有孔， 孔间有金属边墙。 辐射装置与反射板面的高度小于中心频 率 0.15λ。 辐射装置顶部有用绝缘介质快支撑的导体片。 辐射装置四周有均匀分 布的导体条。 [0030] 下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本申请作进一步详细说明， 以下实施例仅仅 用于理解和说明本申请， 不应理解为对本申请的限定。
[0031] 实施例一
[0032] 本例的基站天线阵列结构如图 1-4所示。 图 1所示， 包含了一组辐射装置 1， 移 相器 2， 传动机构 3， 反射板 4， 端盖 5， 接头 6， 电缆 7， 接头转接板 8等部件。 反 射板 4的尺寸比现有已知天线反射板要小， 可以看到反射板 4被设计成双层腔体 的一体化结构， 且在反射板 4的每个腔体中都放置有移相器 2， 移相器设计成与 腔体相匹配； 一组辐射装置 1用紧固件 11把辐射装置固定在反射板上； 传动机构 3放置在天线的反射板面上， 这样可以节省天线的背部空间， 减小天线的厚度。 接头转接板 8用锌铝合金压铸而成， 接头转接板 8设置于腔体中， 并通过紧固件 8a 将其固定在反射板上， 此紧固件连接安装调整支架。 端盖 5与接头 6通过紧固件 安装在接头转接板 8上， 电缆 7—端焊接在接头上， 另一端焊接在天线的输入端 口上， 且电缆 7位于反射面上。
[0033] 图 2展示了基站天线阵结构的底端部分， 它包含整个传动机构 3， 端盖 5， 接头 6 ， 电缆 7， 接头转接板 8等部件。 传动机构 3安放于反板面上， 传动轴支撑体 3a将 传动轴 3b的一端支撑在反射板 4之上， 另一端则穿过接头转接板 8与端盖 5上的同 心孔 3e， 并与它们同心， 转动拖板 3c与传动轴 3b相配合， 传动拖板 3c两端都有小 孔 3d， 在传动拖板 3c的两头的末端附近， 反射板 4上幵有细长槽 4a， 细长槽 4a平 行于反射板中轴线， 小孔 3d中心与细长槽 4a的中心重合， 移相器滑动杆上的孔位 与小孔 3d中心和细长槽 4a的中心与相重合， 这样我们使用紧固件就可以使滑动拖 板 3c与移相器相互关联， 当滑动拖板 3c在细长槽 4a内来回运动吋， 移相器 2就可 以调节天线垂直面的方向图的下倾角度。
[0034] 图 3展示基站天线阵结构的顶端部分， 它包含辐射装置 1， 移相器 2,反射板 4等 部件。 反射板 4为双层腔体结构， 其中 4e为反射板导向槽， 4d为导向卡位， 在移 相器 2中有滑条在反射板导向槽 4e与导向卡位 4d上滑动， 反射板导向槽 4e在纵向 上导向， 导向卡位 4d则在横向上限位。 方形腔体 4c沿反射板中轴线对称分布于两 侧， 方形腔体是移相器输入端所在位置， 并抑制互藕。 孔 4b为紧固件孔， 通过 孔 4b可以固定天线的调整支架。 紧固件 11a把辐射装置 1固定于反射板 4上， 在反 射板 4与辐射装置基座 la间有非金属介质薄膜 12a， 非金属介质薄膜 12a能避免产 生被动互调。
[0035] 图 4展示基站天线移相器 2腔体内局部图， 它包含滑动介质快 2a， 介质块导向槽 2b , 拉杆 2c， 衬底介质 2d， 金属带状线 2e。 拉杆 2c设置于反射板导向槽 4e中， 导 向卡位 4d嵌在介质块导向槽 2b中， 这样移相器的滑条就可以准确的来回滑动。 衬底介质 2d支撑金属带状线 2e， 紧固件 11a固定衬底介质 2d。
[0036] 实施例二
[0037] 本例的的基站天线阵列结构如图 5所示， 本例使用了单层腔体结构， 其他设计 与实施例一完全相同， 此处不再叙述。
[0038] 由于本例采用单层腔体结构， 天线的尺寸会更小。
[0039] 实施例三
[0040] 本例在实施例一和实施例二的基础上继续对反射板的结构进行了研究， 结果显 示， 图 6， 根据不同的需求可以将反射板设计成单层、 双层、 多层结构， 并且， 根据传动机构的安装方式， 可以在反射板的板面上设置卡位， 以方便传动机构 准确滑动。
[0041] 本申请的反射板， 以及基于本申请的反射板的基站天线阵列结构， 把移相器腔 体与反射板设计成一体式结构， 不仅一致性好， 焊接极少， 装配极其简单， 生 产效率高， 而且原材料少， 成本低。 并且， 在基站天线阵列结构中， 将接头转 接板与反射板设计成一体结构， 同样减少了焊接点， 方便了装配。 本技术还可 以运用到其他任何频段的天线幵发中去， 因此， 以上仅是本申请的较佳实现方 式， 并非对本申请的技术范围作任何限制， 本行业的技术人员， 在本技术方案 的启迪下， 可以做出一些变形与修改， 凡是依据本技术实质对以上的实施例所 作的任何修改、 等同变化与修饰， 均仍属于本申请技术方案的范围内。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种用于基站天线的反射板， 其特征在于： 所述反射板的主体为单层 或多层的反射板腔体， 每层反射板腔体内部设置有至少一个移相器腔 体， 即反射板与移相器腔体是一体成型结构， 并且， 每层反射板腔体 中分别设置有导向槽和卡位， 移相器腔体用于容纳移相器相应部件， 导向槽及反射板腔体上幵孔的卡位用于固定及限位移相器部件， 并使 得移相器的可移动绝缘介质片可以在导向槽内移动。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的反射板， 其特征在于： 所述反射板的板面上在 其两侧边幵设有细长槽， 所述细长槽与所述导向槽平行且连通， 细长 槽用于方便移相器与其传动机构连接。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的反射板， 其特征在于： 所述反射板的板面上幵 设有若干个紧固件孔， 所述紧固件孔用于固定连接辐射装置， 同吋， 固定移相器衬底。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的反射板， 其特征在于： 所述反射板的中轴线两 侧每层反射板腔体中都有对称的方形腔体， 所述方形腔体沿反射板长 度方向延伸， 并与各层的导向槽平行， 方形腔体用于设置移相器的输 入和输出端口； 并且与方形腔体相对的， 在反射板的板面上幵设有供 电缆穿入的矩形孔， 矩形孔间有金属边墙起隔离不同极化的作用， 抑 制互藕。
[权利要求 5] —种基站天线阵列结构， 其特征在于： 所述基站天线阵列结构包括权 利要求 1-4任一项所述的反射板， 接头转接板、 辐射装置、 移相器、 传动机构；
所述接头转接板固定于反射板的一端， 与反射板一体成型； 所述辐射 装置固定于反射板的板面上；
所述移相器设置于移相器腔体中， 并通过导向槽和卡位固定， 所述传 动机构活动设置于反射板的板面上， 传动机构的滑动带动所述移相器 在导向槽内移动。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的基站天线阵列结构， 其特征在于： 所述传动机 构包括传动轴支撑体、 传动轴、 转动托板； 传动轴支撑体固定在反射 板的板面上， 传动轴的一端固定在传动轴支撑体上， 另一端固定在接 头转接板上， 转动托板活动连接于传动轴上， 可沿传动轴移动。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 6所述的基站天线阵列结构， 其特征在于： 所述转动托 板的两端通过设置在反射板板面的细长槽与位于反射板腔体的移相器 固定连接。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 5所述的基站天线阵列结构， 其特征在于： 所述辐射装 置与反射板的板面之间具有非金属介质薄膜， 用于避免产生被动互调
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 5所述的基站天线阵列结构， 其特征在于： 所述移相器 包括滑动介质块、 介质块导向槽、 拉杆、 衬底介质和金属带状线； 拉 杆设置于反射板导向槽中， 滑动介质块活动连接于介质块导向槽中， 而介质块导向槽嵌在反射板的卡位中， 以方便拉杆拉动整个移相器在 导向槽中准确滑动， 衬底介质固定于移相器腔体上， 用于支撑金属带 状线。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 5所述的基站天线阵列结构， 其特征在于： 天线反射板 与移相器腔体是一体成型结构。
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