WO2016091224A1 - 一种柱状式液压挺柱 - Google Patents

一种柱状式液压挺柱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016091224A1
WO2016091224A1 PCT/CN2016/070125 CN2016070125W WO2016091224A1 WO 2016091224 A1 WO2016091224 A1 WO 2016091224A1 CN 2016070125 W CN2016070125 W CN 2016070125W WO 2016091224 A1 WO2016091224 A1 WO 2016091224A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plunger
ring groove
oil inlet
inlet hole
casing
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2016/070125
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐纳
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Hangzhou XZB Tech Co Ltd
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Hangzhou XZB Tech Co Ltd
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Application filed by Hangzhou XZB Tech Co Ltd filed Critical Hangzhou XZB Tech Co Ltd
Priority to EP16727615.3A priority Critical patent/EP3232024A4/en
Priority to US15/542,391 priority patent/US10208634B2/en
Publication of WO2016091224A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016091224A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/245—Hydraulic tappets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/2405—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means of a hydraulic adjusting device located between the cylinder head and rocker arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of engine component manufacturing, and particularly relates to a column type hydraulic tappet capable of automatically compensating a valve working gap.
  • valve train using the roller rocker arm and the hydraulic tappet column is widely used in the structure of the overhead cam engine.
  • the following advantages are obtained: 1) the valve clearance can be compensated in real time, and no manual labor is required. Adjustment; 2) reduce engine noise and impact; 3) lighter weight, smaller friction, smaller motion inertia means less energy loss, which is beneficial to improve engine efficiency; 4) component life of valve train Longer and reduce maintenance costs.
  • the column-type hydraulic tappet has a can-shaped housing, and a plunger that moves axially relative to the housing is fitted in the inner cavity of the housing, and a high-pressure chamber for the hydraulic medium is formed between the lower end surface of the plunger and the bottom of the housing.
  • the high pressure chamber can be closed by a one-way valve opened toward the high pressure chamber, and a return spring is arranged in the high pressure chamber, the spring acts between the lower end surface of the plunger and the housing, and the housing is provided with a fluid medium for circulation.
  • An oil hole communicating with an oil inlet hole in the plunger on a radially inner side of the housing, and an oil reservoir for storing a hydraulic medium is formed between the plunger oil inlet and the check valve.
  • Chinese patent document CN102767405 discloses a hydraulic support member, the plunger of the structure is a split structure, which is composed of two upper and lower plunger bodies, and has the advantages that the processing difficulty is reduced when processing a single component separately, and the plunger cavity is The generated processing waste is easy to clean; but the disadvantage is that the two parts are separately processed to increase the processing process, the processing efficiency is low, and the production cost is high, especially the contact end faces of the upper and lower two plunger bodies are required to be high, if jumping If the degree is too poor, lateral force will be generated, which may cause the plunger body to be stuck in the housing.
  • the function of the product should be used first.
  • Chinese patent document CN201228569Y discloses a hydraulic support component.
  • the plunger of the structure is an integral structure, and a steering member is arranged inside.
  • the defect is that the plunger processing cannot be completed at one time, and multiple processes are required, which is time consuming and laborious;
  • the structure of the oil inlet hole determines that the oil inlet hole will inevitably generate waste materials during processing. Since the plunger cavity of this structure does not have a large outlet passage, the generated waste is difficult to be completely removed, and the waste generated by the hole processing may also be scrapped. Not completely cut off, but attached to the inner wall of the plunger, which increases the difficulty of scrap removal.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an integrated plunger type column hydraulic tappet, wherein the plunger is a one-piece structure, the structure is simple and firm, and the plunger oil inlet adopts a "semi-open window" / "flanging" structure. That is, at least one side of the plunger oil inlet hole is not cut, and the flanged portion is connected with the plunger, which solves the problem that the waste in the inner cavity of the integrated plunger is difficult to remove.
  • a column-type hydraulic tappet has a casing, and a plunger corresponding to the axial movement of the casing is correspondingly installed in the inner cavity of the casing, and a hydraulic medium is extended between the lower end surface of the plunger and the lower side of the casing.
  • the high pressure chamber can be closed by a one-way valve opened toward the high pressure chamber, and an outer ring groove for circulating the hydraulic medium is disposed on the outer diameter of the casing, and a hydraulic pressure is provided on the radially inner side of the casing.
  • An inner ring groove through which the medium flows, one or a plurality of casing oil inlet holes are disposed between the inner ring groove and the outer ring groove, a first ring groove is arranged below the head of the plunger, and a first part is arranged in the middle of the plunger a second ring groove, wherein the first ring groove and the second ring groove are between the middle wall of the plunger, and the second ring groove is a concave wide ring groove, wherein the plunger is concave or wide in the groove or the plunger Open on the wall
  • the flange of the plunger oil inlet hole is a non-fracture window structure, and a flange formed naturally by the plunger oil inlet hole is attached to the bottom of the plunger oil inlet hole.
  • the plunger inlet hole is unilaterally opened, and the flange is located on one side of the oil inlet hole of the inner wall of the plunger.
  • the plunger inlet hole is bilaterally opened, and the flange is located on both sides of the oil inlet hole of the inner wall of the plunger.
  • the plunger oil inlet hole has a truncated cone shape, and the flange is surrounded by the entire circumferential direction of the oil inlet hole of the inner wall of the plunger.
  • the inventors have found through research that the structure of the plunger oil inlet hole is designed as a flanged structure, which can improve the processing technology, avoid the generation of hole processing waste, and solve the problem of removing waste in the closed cavity.
  • the plunger first adopts an integrated cold rolling process to form a plunger blank, and then adopts a roll forming process to process the plunger neck and the concave wide ring groove, and finally adopts a molding process to punch the plunger into the oil.
  • the hole has a simple molding process and high processing efficiency.
  • a flange formed naturally by the plunger oil inlet hole is attached to the periphery of the plunger inner oil inlet hole, and the flange is integrally connected with the plunger body.
  • the plunger oil inlet hole is formed by a press forming process.
  • the structure of the plunger oil inlet hole can be various forms such as single side window opening, double side window opening, and conical hole opening window.
  • the opening direction of the plunger oil inlet hole may be a plurality of directions such as a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction.
  • the plunger oil inlet hole and the oil groove are distributed one or more in the circumferential direction of the plunger, and when a plurality of oil inlet holes are provided, they may be arbitrarily arranged in the circumferential direction of the plunger as needed.
  • the plunger of the invention has an integrated structure, good structural strength, simple processing technology and convenient assembly;
  • the oil hole is inserted into the oil hole to improve the processing technology, avoid the generation of hole processing waste, and solve the problem of removing waste in the closed cavity.
  • the plunger in the invention has an integrated structure. Compared with the split plunger structure, the plunger of the invention has simple structure, good structural strength, good processing technology, low production cost and convenient assembly.
  • the plunger oil inlet hole adopts a flanged structure, and the flange portion formed by the hole processing is attached to the periphery of the plunger inner cavity hole, and is integrally connected with the plunger body.
  • the structure of the oil inlet hole of the plunger of the prior art determines that waste is inevitably generated when the hole is processed. If the hole is processed by drilling, milling, etc., the inner wall opening may have burrs, and the processed iron powder is easy to adhere to the inner wall of the plunger, so the iron filings need to be removed, which not only increases the work.
  • Quantity, and the iron filings inside the cavity are not easy to clean; if the hole processing adopts the punching process, when the hole is processed, the waste generated by the processing is a single waste block, and the volume is large, and the waste may not be completely broken, but Adhered to the inner wall of the plunger, the attached scrap may still not be able to get rid of the plunger body when the waste is removed. Even if the scrap is detached, there will be burrs, which may affect the performance of the product during use.
  • the plunger structure is integrated The structure does not have a large enough outlet on the wall of the plunger to remove the scrap block from the plunger chamber, which greatly increases the difficulty of cleaning the waste in the plunger chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a hydraulic tappet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a plunger according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a plunger according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a plunger according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a plunger according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a column type hydraulic tappet for an engine valve train has a can-shaped casing (2), and an axially slidable inner cavity of the casing (2) is provided.
  • Plunger (1) There is a high pressure chamber (12) between the lower end surface of the plunger (1) and the housing (2), and the high pressure chamber (12) can be closed by a one-way valve (3) at the lower end of the plunger (1).
  • the high pressure chamber (12) has a return spring (4) that connects the plunger (1) to the housing (2).
  • On the outer diameter of the casing (2) there is a casing outer ring groove (14) for circulating a hydraulic medium, and a radially inner side of the casing (2) has a casing inner ring groove (10) for circulating a hydraulic medium.
  • One or more oil holes (9) for circulating a hydraulic medium are disposed between the inner ring groove (10) of the casing and the outer ring groove (14) of the casing, and the inner wall of the upper end of the inner ring groove (10) of the casing is the first of the casing.
  • the inner cylindrical wall (18), the inner wall of the lower end of the inner ring groove (10) of the casing is a second inner cylindrical wall (19) of the casing, and the lower end of the second inner cylindrical wall (19) of the casing has a grinding wheel for facilitating blind hole machining.
  • Slot (16) is disposed between the inner ring groove (10) of the casing and the outer ring groove (14) of the casing, and the inner wall of the upper end of the inner ring groove (10) of the casing is the first of the casing.
  • the inner cylindrical wall (18), the inner wall of the lower end of the inner ring groove (10) of the casing is a second inner cylindrical wall (19) of the casing, and the lower end of the second inner cylindrical wall (19)
  • An outer concave wide groove (5) for circulating a hydraulic medium is disposed on an outer diameter of the plunger (1), and an upper plunger wall of the inner concave wide groove (5) is a plunger upper wall (17),
  • the surface of the plunger inner wide groove (5) connected to the upper wall of the plunger (17) is a taper surface (6) on the plunger ring groove, and the upper groove of the plunger (5) or the upper wall of the plunger ( 17) one or more circumferentially distributed plunger oil inlet holes (7) are provided, and the periphery of the plunger oil inlet hole (7) has a hole for processing the naturally formed flange (8), and the inner ring groove of the housing ( 10) communicating with the concave wide ring groove (5) of the plunger, and the concave wide ring groove (5) of the plunger communicates with the plunger oil inlet hole (7).
  • the hydraulic medium enters the plunger reservoir (11) from the outer annular groove (14) of the housing.
  • a limit retaining spring (20) is disposed between the recessed wide annular groove (5) of the plunger and the inner ring groove (10) of the housing.
  • the lower end of the head (13) of the plunger (1) is provided with a concave neck portion (15), that is, a first ring groove, the neck portion (15) is for facilitating the installation of the card, and is reliable through the card and the roller rocker arm. Connect to prevent falling off.
  • the plunger (1) is an integrated structure, has a simple structure, and has good processing technology. Almost equipped.
  • the processing of the plunger oil inlet hole (7a) adopts a stamping forming process, and the metal material flows into the plunger cavity during molding to form a plunger oil inlet flange (8a), the process is simple, and no waste is generated.
  • the structure of the plunger oil inlet hole (7a) is a bilateral "windowing" structure, and the window opening direction is not limited to the up and down direction, and may be a double-sided window opening in the left or right window or other directions, and the window wall of the window opening. Not limited to a plane, it can also be a curved surface.
  • the position of the plunger oil inlet hole (7a) is located on the concave wide groove groove (5) of the plunger, and may also be located on the upper wall (17) of the plunger, and the plunger is at a free height when the hydraulic tappet is at a free height.
  • the upper boundary of the oil inlet hole (7) and the sealing band (14) formed by the first inner cylindrical wall (18) of the casing are wider than 0.5 mm, and the lower boundary of the plunger oil inlet hole (7a) should be lower than the plunger.
  • the plunger oil inlet hole (7b) has a single-side window structure with the window opening direction upward.
  • the plunger oil inlet hole (7c) has a single-side fenestration structure with the window opening direction facing downward.
  • the plunger oil inlet hole (7d) has a single-side window structure, and the window opening direction is toward the left or right.
  • the plunger oil inlet hole (7e) has a tapered structure, and the plunger oil inlet flange (8e) is naturally formed around the plunger oil inlet hole (7e). ) the entire circumferential direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种柱状式液压挺柱，具有一壳体（2），壳体内腔中对应装一相对壳体轴向运动的柱塞（1），在柱塞下端面与壳体下侧之间延伸一用于液压介质的高压腔（12），该高压腔能通过一朝向该高压腔打开的单向阀（3）封闭，在壳体外径上设有一用于液压介质流通的外环槽（14），在壳体径向内侧设有一用于液压介质流通的内环槽（10），内环槽和外环槽之间设有一个或多个壳体进油孔（9），所述柱塞头部下方设有第一环槽（15），柱塞中部设有一个第二环槽（5），第一环槽和第二环槽之间为柱塞中壁，所述第二环槽为内凹宽环槽，所述柱塞内凹宽环槽或柱塞中壁上开有至少一个柱塞进油孔（7），所述柱塞进油孔的底部边沿含有朝向柱塞内腔的翻边。该柱状式液压挺柱结构简单，解决了一体式柱塞内腔内废料难以去除的难题。

Description

一种柱状式液压挺柱 技术领域
本发明属于发动机配件制造技术领域，具体涉及能够自动补偿气门工作间隙的一种柱状式液压挺柱。
背景技术
使用滚轮摇臂和液压挺柱的配气机构在顶置式凸轮发动机结构中的应用日益广泛，较机械式挺柱的配气机构，具有以下优点：1)能实时补偿气门间隙，不需要定期人工调整；2)降低发动机噪声和冲击；3)体积质量轻型化、更小的摩擦力、更小的运动惯量意味着能量损失更小，有利于提高发动机效率；4)配气机构的零部件寿命更长，减少维护成本。
柱状式液压挺柱具有一罐状壳体，在壳体内腔中配合有一相对壳体轴向运动的柱塞，柱塞下端面与壳体底部之间形成一用于液压介质的高压腔，该高压腔能通过一朝向该高压腔方向打开的单向阀封闭，在高压腔中设有一复位弹簧，该弹簧作用在柱塞下端面与壳体之间，壳体设有一用于液压介质流通的油孔，该油孔在壳体径向内侧与柱塞中的进油孔连通，该柱塞进油孔与单向阀之间形成一用于储存液压介质的储油腔。
中国专利文献CN102767405公开了一种液压支撑元件，该结构的柱塞为分体式结构，由上下两个柱塞体组成，其优点是在单独加工单个零件时加工难度降低，且柱塞腔体中产生的加工废料易于清理；但其缺点是两个零件分别进行加工增加了加工工序，加工效率低，生产成本高，特别是上下两个柱塞体的接触端面的跳动度要求很高，如果跳动度超差，会产生侧向力，可能造成柱塞体在壳体内卡滞，应先该产品的使用功能。此外，柱塞进油孔如果采用冲孔工艺， 废料有时候不能完全冲断，粘连在内壁，即使脱离，还会有毛刺，在使用中掉落会影响产品性能；如果采用钻孔、铣削等工艺，内壁孔口可能会留有毛刺，一样存在风险。
中国专利文献CN201228569Y公开了一种液压支撑元件，该种结构的柱塞为一体式结构，内部设有一转向件，其缺陷是柱塞加工成型不能一次完成，需要多道工序，费时费力；柱塞进油孔的结构决定了进油孔在加工时必然会产生废料，由于此种结构的柱塞腔体没有足够大的出口通道，产生的废料难以彻底清除，此外，孔加工产生的废料也可能没有完全被切断，而是附着在柱塞内壁，更加增大了废料清除的难度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种一体柱塞式柱状液压挺柱，其中，柱塞为一体式结构，结构简单牢靠，且柱塞进油孔采用“半开窗”/“翻边”式结构，即柱塞进油孔至少一侧不被切断,翻边的部分与柱塞连接在一起，解决了一体式柱塞内腔内的废料难以去除的难题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的具体技术方案如下：
一种柱状式液压挺柱，具有一壳体，在壳体内腔中对应安装一相对壳体轴向运动的柱塞，在柱塞的下端面与壳体下侧之间延伸一用于液压介质的高压腔，该高压腔能通过一朝向该高压腔打开的单向阀封闭，在壳体外径上设有一用于液压介质流通的外环槽，在壳体的径向内侧设有一用于液压介质流通的内环槽，内环槽和外环槽之间设有一个或多个壳体进油孔，所述柱塞的头部下方设有第一环槽，柱塞中部设有一个第二环槽，第一环槽和第二环槽之间为柱塞中壁，所述第二环槽为内凹宽环槽，其特征在于所述柱塞内凹宽环槽或柱塞中壁上开 有至少一个柱塞进油孔，所述柱塞进油孔的底部边沿含有朝向柱塞内腔的翻边。
所述柱塞进油孔的翻边为非断裂的开窗结构，在柱塞内腔进油孔底部附着有因柱塞进油孔加工而自然形成的翻边。
所述柱塞进油孔单边开窗，所述翻边位于柱塞内壁进油孔的一侧。
所述柱塞进油孔双边开窗，所述翻边位于柱塞内壁进油孔的两侧。
所述柱塞进油孔呈圆台形，所述翻边环绕在柱塞内壁进油孔的整个圆周方向。
本发明人通过研究发现，将柱塞进油孔的结构设计为翻边结构，可以改善加工工艺，避免孔加工废料的产生，解决了密闭空腔内去除废料的难题。
所述柱塞先采用一体冷镦加工工艺，成型柱塞毛坯，然后再采用滚压成型工艺，加工成型柱塞颈部和内凹宽环槽，最后采用一次成型工艺，冲出柱塞进油孔，成型工艺简单，且加工效率高。
在柱塞内腔进油孔周边附着有因柱塞进油孔加工而自然形成的翻边，该翻边与柱塞本体连接成一体。
优化地，所述柱塞进油孔采用冲压成型的工艺。
优化地，所述柱塞进油孔的结构可以为单边开窗、双边开窗、圆锥形孔开窗等多种形式。
优化地，所述柱塞进油孔的开口方向可以为纵向、横向等多个方向。所述柱塞进油孔和油槽在柱塞圆周方向上分布一个或多个，当设有多个进油孔时，可根据需要在柱塞圆周方向上任意排列。
与对比文献公开的液压挺柱相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明的柱塞为一体式结构，结构强度好，加工工艺简单，装配方便；柱 塞进油孔采用翻边结构，改善加工工艺，避免孔加工废料的产生，解决了密闭空腔内去除废料的难题。
本发明中的柱塞为一体式结构，相比于分体式柱塞结构，本发明的柱塞结构简单，结构强度好，加工工艺性好，生产成本低，且装配方便。
本发明中柱塞进油孔采用翻边式结构，孔加工形成的翻边部分附着在柱塞内腔孔的周边，并与柱塞体连接成一体。现有结构的柱塞的进油孔的结构决定了在进行孔加工时，必然会产生废料。若孔加工采用钻孔、铣削等工艺，内壁孔口可能会留有毛刺，且加工的铁屑粉末极易粘附在柱塞内腔壁上，就需要对铁屑进行清除，不仅增加了工作量，而且腔体内部铁屑也不易清理；若孔加工采用冲孔工艺，则在孔加工时，加工产生的废料为单个废料块，体积较大，也有可能废料不能完全被冲断，而是粘连在柱塞内壁，在进行废料清除时，附着的废料可能仍然无法脱离柱塞体，即使废料脱离，还会有毛刺，在使用中掉落会影响产品性能，此外，若柱塞结构为一体式结构，柱塞壁上没有足够大的出口能够使废料块从柱塞腔体内清除，大大增加了柱塞内腔体内废料清理的难度。
附图说明
图1为本发明液压挺柱具体实施例一的结构示意图。
图2为本发明具体实施例一的柱塞结构示意图。
图3为本发明具体实施例二的柱塞结构示意图。
图4为本发明具体实施例三的柱塞结构示意图。
图5为本发明具体实施例四的柱塞结构示意图。
图号说明：
1、    柱塞
2、    壳体
3、    单向阀
4、    复位弹簧
5、    柱塞内凹宽环槽
6、    柱塞环槽上锥面
7、    柱塞进油孔
8、    柱塞进油孔翻边
9、    壳体油孔
10、   壳体内环槽
11、   储油腔
12、   高压腔
13、   柱塞头部
14、   壳体外环槽
15、   柱塞颈部(第一环槽)
16、   壳体砂轮越程槽
17、   柱塞上壁
18、   壳体第一内圆柱壁
19、   壳体第二内圆柱壁
20、   限位卡簧
21、   密封带。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明进行进一步的描述。
实施例一
如图1所示，用于发动机配气机构的柱状式液压挺柱，该液压挺柱具有一个罐状的壳体(2)，在该壳体(2)的内腔设有一可轴向滑动的柱塞(1)。在柱塞(1)的下部端面和壳体(2)之间有一高压腔(12)，该高压腔(12)可通过位于柱塞(1)下端的单向阀(3)来封闭，在该高压腔(12)中有一连接柱塞(1)与壳体(2)的复位弹簧(4)。在壳体(2)外径上有一用于液压介质流通的壳体外环槽(14)，在壳体(2)的径向内侧有一用于液压介质流通的壳体内环槽(10)，壳体内环槽(10)与壳体外环槽(14)之间设有用于液压介质流通的一个或多个油孔(9)，壳体内环槽(10)的上端内壁为壳体第一内圆柱壁(18)，壳体内环槽(10)的下端内壁为壳体第二内圆柱壁(19)，壳体第二内圆柱壁(19)的下端有一便于盲孔加工的砂轮越程槽(16)。柱塞(1)的外径上设有一用于液压介质流通的内凹宽环槽(5)，该内凹宽环槽(5)的上方柱塞壁为柱塞上壁(17)，该柱塞内凹宽环槽(5)与柱塞上壁(17)连接的面为柱塞环槽上锥面(6)，柱塞内凹宽环槽(5)上或柱塞上壁(17)上设有一个或多个周向分布的柱塞进油孔(7)，该柱塞进油孔(7)的周边有一孔加工自然形成的翻边(8)，壳体内环槽(10)与柱塞内凹宽环槽(5)相通，柱塞内凹宽环槽(5)与柱塞进油孔(7)相通。液压介质从壳体外环槽(14)进入到柱塞储油腔(11)中。该柱塞内凹宽环槽(5)与壳体内环槽(10)之间设有一限位卡簧(20)。该柱塞(1)的头部(13)下端设有一内凹的颈部(15)，即第一环槽，该颈部(15)的作用是便于安装卡片，通过卡片与滚轮摇臂可靠连接，防止脱落。
如图2所示，所述柱塞(1)为一体式结构，结构简单，加工工艺性好，装 配方便。
所述柱塞进油孔(7a)的加工采用冲压成型工艺，成型时金属材料向柱塞腔体内流动形成柱塞进油孔翻边(8a)，工艺简单，且无废料产生。
所述柱塞进油孔(7a)的结构为双边“开窗”的结构，开窗方向不局限于上下方向，也可为左右开窗或其他方向的双面开窗，开窗口的孔壁不局限于平面，也可呈曲面。
所述柱塞进油孔(7a)的位置位于柱塞内凹宽环槽上(5)上，也可位于柱塞上壁(17)上，且保证液压挺柱处于自由高度时，柱塞进油孔(7)的上边界与壳体第一内圆柱壁(18)形成的密封带(14)宽度大于0.5mm，同时，柱塞进油孔(7a)的下边界应低于柱塞环槽上锥面(6)的上边界。
实施例二
如图3所示，与实施例一不同的是，柱塞进油孔(7b)的结构为单边开窗结构，开窗方向朝上。
实施例三
如图4所示，与实施例一不同的是，柱塞进油孔(7c)的结构为单边开窗结构，开窗方向朝下。
实施例四
如图5所示，与实施例一不同的是，柱塞进油孔(7d)的结构为单边开窗结构，开窗方向朝左，也可朝右。
实施例五
如图6所示，与实施例一不同的是，柱塞进油孔(7e)的结构为锥形结构，柱塞进油孔翻边(8e)自然成形环绕在柱塞进油孔(7e)的整个圆周方向。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种柱状式液压挺柱，具有一壳体，在壳体内腔中对应安装一相对壳体轴向运动的柱塞，在柱塞的下端面与壳体下侧之间延伸一用于液压介质的高压腔，该高压腔能通过一朝向该高压腔打开的单向阀封闭，在壳体外径上设有一用于液压介质流通的外环槽，在壳体的径向内侧设有一用于液压介质流通的内环槽，内环槽和外环槽之间设有一个或多个壳体进油孔，所述柱塞的头部下方设有第一环槽，柱塞中部设有一个第二环槽，第一环槽和第二环槽之间为柱塞中壁，所述第二环槽为内凹宽环槽，其特征在于所述柱塞内凹宽环槽或柱塞中壁上开有至少一个柱塞进油孔，所述柱塞进油孔的底部边沿含有朝向柱塞内腔的翻边。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的柱状式液压挺柱，其特征在于所述柱塞进油孔的翻边为非断裂的开窗结构，在柱塞内腔进油孔底部附着有因柱塞进油孔加工而自然形成的翻边。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的柱状式液压挺柱，其特征在于所述柱塞进油孔单边开窗，所述翻边位于柱塞内壁进油孔的一侧。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的柱状式液压挺柱，其特征在于所述柱塞进油孔双边开窗，所述翻边位于柱塞内壁进油孔的两侧。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的柱状式液压挺柱，其特征在于所述柱塞进油孔呈圆台形，柱塞进油孔底部周边设有与柱塞本体相连的环绕翻边。
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