WO2016095110A1 - 基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计方法、装置以及通信系统 - Google Patents

基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计方法、装置以及通信系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016095110A1
WO2016095110A1 PCT/CN2014/093977 CN2014093977W WO2016095110A1 WO 2016095110 A1 WO2016095110 A1 WO 2016095110A1 CN 2014093977 W CN2014093977 W CN 2014093977W WO 2016095110 A1 WO2016095110 A1 WO 2016095110A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reference signal
sounding reference
srs
user equipment
ofdm symbol
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PCT/CN2014/093977
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张翼
周华
李宏超
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Fujitsu Ltd
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Fujitsu Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/093977 priority Critical patent/WO2016095110A1/zh
Priority to KR1020177016665A priority patent/KR102059476B1/ko
Priority to EP20155872.3A priority patent/EP3675411B1/en
Priority to CN202010620872.3A priority patent/CN111770038A/zh
Priority to CN201480083424.7A priority patent/CN106922207B/zh
Priority to JP2017531874A priority patent/JP2018504027A/ja
Priority to EP14908145.7A priority patent/EP3236596B1/en
Publication of WO2016095110A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016095110A1/zh
Priority to US15/621,649 priority patent/US11323157B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0417—Feedback systems
    • H04B7/0421—Feedback systems utilizing implicit feedback, e.g. steered pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H04L25/0228—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2689—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation
    • H04L27/2695—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation with channel estimation, e.g. determination of delay spread, derivative or peak tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H04L5/1438—Negotiation of transmission parameters prior to communication
    • H04L5/1446—Negotiation of transmission parameters prior to communication of transmission speed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a downlink channel based on a sounding reference signal (SRS) in a multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) system.
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • MU-MIMO multi-user multiple input multiple output
  • a two-dimensional active antenna array can be placed at the transmitting end, which forms a three-dimensional beam by flexible weighting of antenna coefficients.
  • the three-dimensional multi-antenna technology can improve the antenna gain, reduce the beam width, and reduce the interference; on the other hand, by multiplexing more users in space, the multiplexing efficiency of the system can be improved. Therefore, the three-dimensional multi-antenna technology can significantly improve the transmission efficiency and reliability of the system, and is a popular candidate technology for future mobile communication systems.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) in 3D MIMO. As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical dimension is added to the 3D multi-antenna system, and the dimension of the system capable of supporting MU-MIMO can be further increased.
  • MU-MIMO multi-user MIMO
  • a frequency division duplex (FDD) system generally uses a reference signal for downlink channel estimation. That is, the base station transmits a reference signal to the user equipment, such as a Common Reference Signal (CRS) or a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the user equipment measures the reference signal and correlates the channel through the uplink channel.
  • Information such as RI (Rank Indicator) / Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI).
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a downlink channel estimation method, apparatus, and communication system based on a sounding reference signal.
  • the uplink channel estimation is performed based on the SRS supporting the high-dimensional MIMO transmitted by the user equipment, and the downlink channel information is obtained by using the channel reciprocity; the downlink reference signal overhead and the feedback overhead can be significantly saved.
  • a downlink channel estimation method based on a sounding reference signal comprising:
  • a downlink channel estimation apparatus based on a sounding reference signal comprising:
  • the reference signal receiving unit receives the sounding reference signal sent by the user equipment, and the sounding reference signal is used for downlink channel estimation and supports high-dimensional MU-MIMO;
  • An uplink channel estimating unit performing uplink channel estimation according to the sounding reference signal
  • the downlink channel information acquiring unit acquires downlink channel information according to the uplink channel information obtained by the uplink channel estimation.
  • a communication system comprising:
  • the base station receives the sounding reference signal sent by the user equipment, performs uplink channel estimation according to the sounding reference signal, and acquires downlink channel information according to the uplink channel information obtained by the uplink channel estimation;
  • the user equipment sends the sounding reference signal to the base station; wherein the sounding reference signal is used for downlink channel estimation and supports high-dimensional MU-MIMO.
  • a computer readable program wherein when the program is executed in a base station, the program causes a computer to perform a downlink based on a sounding reference signal as described above in the base station Channel estimation method.
  • a storage medium storing a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program causes a computer to perform a sounding reference signal based on a sounding reference signal as described above in a base station Downlink channel estimation method.
  • the base station performs uplink channel estimation based on the SRS that supports the high-dimensional MIMO sent by the user equipment, and obtains the downlink channel information by using the channel reciprocity; and can significantly save the downlink reference signal overhead and the feedback overhead, and obtain a large
  • the gain brought by the scale antenna further increases the system capacity.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of MU-MIMO in 3D MIMO
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a SRS-based downlink channel estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is another schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is another schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of an SRS-based downlink channel estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • SRS is mainly used for uplink channel measurement and is used to support uplink scheduling of UEs.
  • the time position of the cell SRS subframe can be determined by the high layer configuration period and the transmission offset.
  • Table 1 shows the SRS subframe configuration in the FDD system
  • Table 2 shows the SRS subframe configuration in the TDD system.
  • the transmission time of the user equipment can be determined by the subframe period and the offset.
  • Table 3 shows the UE specific SRS period T SRS and the subframe offset configuration T offset that trigger type 0 in the FDD system;
  • Table 4 shows the UE specific SRS period T SRS and subframe in which the type 0 is triggered in the TDD system.
  • Offset configuration T offset .
  • the physical layer uses high-level signaling to configure eight different SRS bandwidth configurations for each cell.
  • Four bandwidth options are configured for each user equipment, and the user SRS bandwidth indication is completed through a two-level structure.
  • the location of the frequency starting point is determined by Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the SRS sequence is a Zadoff-Chu sequence, which is determined by the sequence number of the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH, Physical Uplink Control Channel), the number of base sequence groups, and the cyclic shift flag.
  • SRS uses the frequency spacing of two subcarriers to form a "comb" frequency domain structure.
  • the SRS of different users is implemented by FDM (that is, different comb values), TDM (different subframes), and CDM, where CDM is implemented by cyclic shift of the base sequence (up to 8 types).
  • the SRS is transmitted in the last symbol of the normal uplink subframe.
  • both symbols can be configured for SRS transmission.
  • the UpPTS has one SC-FDMA symbol, the symbol can be used for SRS transmission; if there are two SC-FDMA symbols in the UpPTS, they can all be used for SRS transmission and can be allocated to the same UE.
  • the uplink and downlink channels have reciprocity to some extent, and the base station can obtain the uplink channel information by measuring the SRS signal transmitted by the user equipment, and then use the calibration.
  • the technology obtains downlink channel information.
  • downlink channel information in a 3D-MIMO or Massive-MIMO system, can be obtained by using channel reciprocity based on SRS supporting high-dimensional MU-MIMO, which can significantly save downlink reference signal overhead and feedback overhead, and obtain The gain from large-scale antennas further increases system capacity.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an SRS-based downlink channel estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes:
  • Step 201 The base station receives a sounding reference signal sent by the user equipment, where the sounding reference signal is used for downlink channel estimation and supports high-dimensional MU-MIMO.
  • Step 202 The base station performs uplink channel estimation according to the sounding reference signal.
  • Step 203 Acquire downlink channel information according to the obtained uplink channel information of the uplink channel estimation.
  • the method is applied to a high dimensional MU-MIMO system.
  • SRS has the following problems: the number of users supported by the high-dimensional MU-MIMO system will increase significantly, which will result in insufficient capacity of the SRS.
  • the transmission power is large, and the user equipment may experience power.
  • the number of antennas used for transmitting and receiving on the user equipment side is different, it will affect the use of channel uplink and downlink reciprocity.
  • the channel exhibits the following characteristics:
  • the time-varying characteristics of the channel are small when performing beamforming (Beamform) transmission. This is because as the number of antennas increases, the spatial resolution of the channel increases. If the user equipment moves at a faster speed, the spatial direction of the base station to the user equipment changes rapidly, which requires the user equipment to provide feedback at a faster speed. The uplink feedback overhead will be large; otherwise, the robustness of the transmission will cause problems. Therefore, the channel time variation is small in a typical application scenario of a large-scale antenna.
  • Beamform beamforming
  • the size of the antenna is limited.
  • large-scale antennas are generally applied to higher frequency bands, such as 5 GHz.
  • the wavelength is small, and the scatterers in the vicinity of the user equipment are increased.
  • the frequency selection characteristics of the channel become relatively stable.
  • the same system bandwidth becomes a relatively narrowband transmission at high carrier frequencies, so the frequency selection characteristics of the system are relatively weak.
  • the embodiment of the present invention proposes an enhancement scheme based on channel characteristics, using an SRS supporting high-dimensional MU-MIMO, wherein the SRS is used for downlink channel estimation.
  • the SRS in the embodiment of the present invention may be considered as an enhancement to the existing SRS, and may be considered as a new SRS, which may be referred to as a type 2 type SRS.
  • the method may further include:
  • step 2001 the base station configures a resource for sending the SRS for the user equipment.
  • the base station may send user equipment-related (UE-specific) first signaling and/or cell-specific second signaling to the user equipment, where the first signaling includes for the user SRS configuration information of the device, the second signaling includes SRS configuration information for the cell.
  • UE-specific user equipment-related
  • the resource configuration signaling (second signaling) for transmitting the SRS may include a time domain subframe period, an offset, and an used OFDM symbol; The invention is not limited to this.
  • the resource configuration signaling (the first signaling) of each transmitting the SRS may include the time domain. Frame period, offset, and used OFDM symbols; frequency domain carrier start indication, Comb number, physical resource block; cyclic offset of the SRS sequence; however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the base station may perform uplink channel estimation based on the SRS sent by the user equipment, and may adopt any method of existing uplink channel estimation.
  • the downlink channel information can then be obtained using channel reciprocity (e.g., by means of a calibration technique). Therefore, the downlink reference signal overhead and the feedback overhead can be significantly saved, the gain brought by the large-scale antenna can be obtained, and the system capacity can be further improved.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further describes the SRS on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • the SRS in order to solve the problem of SRS capacity and power limitation, it is an effective method to increase the available resources of the SRS.
  • the new resource can be used to transmit the SRS of the user equipment, and the SRS can be sent to the power-limited user equipment on more time domain resources, reducing its transmission power and solving the power limitation problem.
  • new resources are used to transmit the SRS.
  • the uplink transmission uses single carrier FDMA, the entire symbol is used for SRS transmission.
  • the following possible OFDM symbols are available for SRS transmission.
  • symbols 3 and 10 are used to transmit DM-RS
  • symbols 2 and 11 may be used to transmit ACK/NACK
  • symbols 1 and 12 may be used for transmission of RI.
  • similarly specified resources are used to transmit DM-RS, ACK/NACK and RI.
  • the SRS may be configured on the last OFDM symbol of a certain subframe and on the first or last OFDM symbol of the first slot of the subframe.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a normal subframe (Normal CP) for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an SRS is configured in a first OFDM symbol of a first slot of the subframe (#0). ), and on the last OFDM symbol (#13) of the subframe.
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic diagram of a normal subframe (Normal CP) for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the SRS is configured in the last OFDM symbol of the first slot of the subframe (# 6) Up, and the last 1 OFDM symbol (#13) of the subframe.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an extended subframe (Extend CP) for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an SRS is configured in a first OFDM symbol of the first slot of the subframe (#0). ), and on the last OFDM symbol (#11) of the subframe.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of an extended subframe (Extend CP) for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the SRS is configured in the last OFDM symbol of the first slot of the subframe (# 5) Up, and the last OFDM symbol (#11) of the subframe.
  • the SRS is transmitted on the first or last OFDM symbol of the first slot, so that the DM-RS and the RI and ACK/NACK of the uplink control information can be avoided, and a better channel estimation is ensured. Quality, and can be used to use automatic gain adjustment.
  • the SRS can be configured on the last two OFDM symbols of a certain subframe.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, an SRS is configured on a second OFDM symbol (#12) of the subframe, and a last of the subframe. 1 OFDM symbol (#13).
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, an SRS is configured on a second OFDM symbol (#10) of the subframe, and a last of the subframe. 1 OFDM symbol (#11).
  • the SRS is configured on the last two OFDM symbols of the subframe, and may be adapted to perform an Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC) operation or a repeated transmission.
  • OCC Orthogonal Cover Code
  • the SRS may be configured on the last OFDM symbol of a certain subframe, and the resources of the transport DM-RS are used to transmit the SRS.
  • two OFDM symbols for transmitting DM-RS in a certain subframe are used for transmitting SRS; or, in the case of low-speed transmission (For example, when the user equipment transmits at a speed lower than a predetermined threshold in a cell scenario), one OFDM symbol for transmitting a DM-RS in a certain subframe is used for transmitting SRS; that is, if a resource for transmitting a DM-RS is still The transmission DM-RS is used for data demodulation, and the other resource for transmitting the DM-RS can be used to transmit the SRS.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an SRS is configured in a fourth OFDM symbol (#3) and an eleventh OFDM symbol (#10) of the subframe. ), and on the last DFDM symbol (#13) of the subframe.
  • the 4th and 11th OFDM symbols are originally used to transmit the DM-RS.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an SRS is configured in a third OFDM symbol (#2) and a ninth OFDM symbol (#8) of the subframe. ), and on the last OFDM symbol (#11) of the subframe.
  • the SRS may be configured on the last OFDM symbol of a certain subframe, and the resources transmitting the D2D synchronization signal are used to transmit the SRS.
  • the second and third OFDM symbols of the first slot in the regular subframe, or the fifth and sixth OFDM symbols of the second slot are used to transmit the SRS; or, in the extended subframe
  • the first and second OFDM symbols of the first slot, or the fourth and fifth OFDM symbols of the second slot are used to transmit the SRS.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the SRS is configured in a second OFDM symbol (#1) and a third slot of the first slot of the subframe.
  • FIG. 12 is another schematic diagram of a conventional subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an SRS is configured in a fifth OFDM symbol (#11) and a second slot of the subframe.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an SRS is configured in a first OFDM symbol (#0) and a second slot of a first slot of the subframe.
  • FIG. 14 is another schematic diagram of an extended subframe for transmitting an SRS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the SRS is configured in a fourth OFDM symbol (#9) and a second slot of the subframe.
  • the SRS is configured to transmit resources of the D2D synchronization signal. If the D2D transmission of the user equipment and the uplink transmission of other user equipments are multiplexed together, special symbols can be aligned to reduce mutual interference. On the other hand, the advantages of designing a D2D sync signal can be reused, for example, for automatic gain adjustment and synchronous tracking.
  • the base station performs uplink channel estimation based on the SRS that is supported by the user equipment and supports the high-dimensional MIMO, and uses the channel reciprocity to obtain the downlink channel information.
  • the downlink reference signal overhead and the feedback overhead can be significantly saved, and the large-scale antenna band can be obtained.
  • the gain comes to further increase system capacity.
  • the use of new resources can increase the transmission of SRS, and can also be used for more time domain resources.
  • the rate-limited user equipment sends SRS to solve the power limitation problem.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further describes the SRS on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • the comb-like interval characteristic of the SRS can be increased in accordance with the characteristic that the channel frequency selection characteristic becomes small.
  • the subcarrier frequency interval ie, the Comb value
  • the subcarrier frequency spacing of the SRS in the frequency domain is greater than 2; for example, this interval can be increased to 4.
  • the number of user equipments multiplexed in the same resource block with different Comb values is increased to four. That is to say, in a existing system, one user equipment uses the 6 subcarriers in some resource blocks to transmit the SRS, and may become the SRS using the 3 subcarriers in some resource blocks.
  • the shortest SRS sequence length is 12. In this way, the SRS sequence is not too short, and does not affect the interference characteristics of different user equipments in CDM multiplexing.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further describes the SRS on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • the density of SRS samples can be reduced according to the characteristics that the channel frequency selection characteristics become small.
  • the resource block (RB, Resource Block) that transmits the SRS is reduced, that is, the SRS is configured only in some resource blocks.
  • each sample width corresponds to a resource block, and the number of resource blocks for transmitting SRS can be reduced according to a certain rule. For example, for a 50 RB, 10 M uplink bandwidth system, when the cell configuration SRS bandwidth configuration is 0, and the user equipment configuration SRS bandwidth is marked as 0, the user equipment can transmit the broadband SRS on 48 RBs, which is prone to power limitation for edge users. happening.
  • the number of PRBs transmitting the SRS can also be reduced according to the channel characteristics.
  • the SRS is configured with an interval of every predetermined number of resource blocks. For example, some user equipments transmit SRS on only an odd number of PRBs, or some user equipments only transmit SRS on even-numbered PRBs, or further split the PRBs by some integer multiple.
  • the configuration information configured in the resource block may be indicated by higher layer signaling or defined in the standard.
  • the granularity of a specific partition may be indicated by higher layer signaling or defined in a standard.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further describes the SRS on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • the SRS for downlink channel reciprocity measurement can adopt a lower sampling rate in consideration of the characteristics of channel slowly changing.
  • the sampling rate of the SRS is 10 milliseconds or more.
  • the sampling rate of the SRS is 10 milliseconds, 20 milliseconds, 40 milliseconds, 80 milliseconds, 160 milliseconds, and 320 milliseconds.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and a specific sampling rate can be determined according to actual conditions.
  • Table 6 shows the case of the UE specific SRS period T SRS and the subframe offset configuration T offset of the embodiment of the present invention, which can be applied to the FDD system and the TDD system.
  • Table 6 only schematically shows the SRS sampling rate of the embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and specific content may be determined according to actual conditions.
  • sampling rate can be indicated by the SRS configuration for the reciprocity application, which can also include both the period and offset parameters.
  • the SRS adopts a lower sampling rate and can support more user equipments.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further describes the SRS on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • the SRSs of different cells may be coordinated.
  • the time-frequency resources available for the SRS may be first divided into two sets; for one set, all cells may be used together, and for another set, different cells are shared and used. That is, when one cell in the coordinating cell obtains a transmission opportunity, the other cell does not use the SRS resource or uses the resource with lower power.
  • the base station may send signaling (which may be referred to as third signaling) for coordinating the sounding reference signals of different cells, so that when the sounding reference signal is transmitted by a certain cell, other cells are not used or The lower power uses the resources corresponding to the sounding reference signal.
  • signaling which may be referred to as third signaling
  • this signaling needs to be transmitted between the base stations.
  • the base station also needs to notify the service user of the SRS resource coordination result.
  • the resource corresponding to the sounding reference signal includes one or a combination of the following information: subframe information used by the sounding reference signal, OFDM symbol information, Comb number information, frequency interval information, resource block information, and power.
  • Information, cyclic offset information of the SRS sequence includes one or a combination of the following information: subframe information used by the sounding reference signal, OFDM symbol information, Comb number information, frequency interval information, resource block information, and power.
  • Information cyclic offset information of the SRS sequence; however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the base station For example, for a base station, it is necessary to tell other base stations to perform a silent or low power transmission signal at the location of the corresponding transmission SRS. At the same time, the base station notifies all user equipments to transmit signals silently or with low power at the time-frequency position of the corresponding SRS.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further describes the SRS on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • the base station in order to overcome the impact on the channel reciprocity when the number of antennas used by the user equipment for transmitting and receiving is unequal, the base station needs to know whether the user equipment has the capability of transmitting and receiving the same number of antennas. It can be reported by user capability signaling.
  • the base station receives the user capability signaling reported by the user equipment, where the user capability signaling includes antenna number information and/or user capability information, where the user capability information is used to indicate whether the user equipment has the same The ability of the number of antennas to transmit and receive.
  • the antenna number information may be only the number of receiving antennas, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the base station When the base station knows that the user equipment does not have this capability, it cannot use such SRS for downlink channel estimation.
  • the base station can configure the user equipment in response by using dedicated signaling.
  • the SRS signal is transmitted on the transmitting antenna.
  • This SRS signal can be used to send SRS using resources already defined by the standard, or it can use new resources to send SRS.
  • the user performs SRS transmission according to the configuration of the base station. Or the user sends the SRS according to the defined behavior, and the base station also follows this definition for reception.
  • the SRS can be transmitted by the user equipment rotating on the time domain resources.
  • the behavior of the user equipment can be defined in the standard, and after receiving the user capability signaling, the base station can adopt a corresponding receiving method.
  • 2Tx transmits SRS on a time domain resource, ie, transmits SRS on different 2Tx antennas at different times.
  • the symbol time for transmitting the SRS must satisfy the time of antenna switching. For example, 1, 2 OFDM symbols are spaced apart.
  • the base station may configure multiple sets (two sets or more) of SRSs for the user equipment, so that the user equipment transmits the multiple sets of SRSs by using different antenna groups.
  • the resources in which multiple sets of SRSs are transmitted are separated in the time domain. For example, multiple sets of SRSs are respectively transmitted by using different OFDM symbols or sub-frame resources, thereby enabling conversion of different sets of antenna transmissions.
  • the transmission time interval of multiple sets of SRS must meet the time requirement of antenna switching. For example, 1, 2 OFDM symbols are spaced apart.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an SRS-based downlink channel estimation apparatus, which is configured in a base station.
  • the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the SRS-based downlink channel estimation method described in Embodiments 1 to 7, and the same content is not described herein again.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an SRS-based downlink channel estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 15, the apparatus 1500 includes:
  • the reference signal receiving unit 1501 receives a sounding reference signal sent by the user equipment, where the sounding reference signal is used for downlink channel estimation and supports high-dimensional MU-MIMO;
  • the uplink channel estimating unit 1502 performs uplink channel estimation according to the sounding reference signal
  • the downlink channel information acquiring unit 1503 acquires downlink channel information according to the uplink channel information obtained by the uplink channel estimation.
  • the specific content of the SRS resource is transmitted as described in Embodiments 2 to 7.
  • some of these resources can be used.
  • the apparatus 1500 may further include:
  • the signaling sending unit 1504 sends, to the user equipment, the first signaling related to the user equipment and/or the second signaling related to the cell, where the first signaling includes the sounding reference signal configuration information for the user equipment,
  • the second signaling includes sounding reference signal configuration information for the cell.
  • the embodiment further provides a base station configured with the downlink channel estimation apparatus 1500 as described above.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • base station 1600 can include a central processing unit (CPU) 200 and memory 210; and memory 210 is coupled to central processing unit 200.
  • the memory 210 can store various data; in addition, a program for information processing is stored, and the program is executed under the control of the central processing unit 200 to receive various information transmitted by the user equipment and to transmit the request information to the user equipment.
  • the central processor 200 can be configured to implement the functions of the downlink channel estimation device 1500.
  • the base station 1600 can implement the downlink channel estimation method as described in Embodiments 1 to 7.
  • the base station 1600 may further include: a transceiver 220, an antenna 230, and the like; wherein the functions of the foregoing components are similar to those of the prior art, and details are not described herein again. It should be noted that the base station 1600 also does not have to include all of the components shown in FIG. 16; in addition, the base station 1600 may also include components not shown in FIG. 16, and reference may be made to the prior art.
  • the base station performs uplink channel estimation based on the SRS that is supported by the user equipment and supports the high-dimensional MIMO, and uses the channel reciprocity to obtain the downlink channel information.
  • the downlink reference signal overhead and the feedback overhead can be significantly saved, and the large-scale antenna band can be obtained.
  • the gain comes to further increase system capacity.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication system 1700 includes:
  • the base station 1701 receives the sounding reference signal sent by the user equipment, performs uplink channel estimation according to the sounding reference signal, and acquires downlink channel information according to the uplink channel information obtained by the uplink channel estimation;
  • the user equipment 1702 transmits the sounding reference signal to the base station, and the sounding reference signal is used for downlink channel estimation and supports high-dimensional MU-MIMO.
  • the specific content of the SRS resource is transmitted as described in Embodiments 2 to 7.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable program, wherein when the program is executed in a base station, The program causes a computer to perform the SRS-based downlink channel estimation methods described in Embodiments 1 through 7 in the base station.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium storing a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program causes a computer to perform the SRS-based downlink channel estimation method described in Embodiments 1 to 7 in a base station.
  • the above apparatus and method of the present invention may be implemented by hardware or by hardware in combination with software.
  • the present invention relates to a computer readable program that, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the apparatus or components described above, or to cause the logic component to implement the various methods described above Or steps.
  • the present invention also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, or the like.
  • One or more of the functional blocks described in the figures and/or one or more combinations of functional blocks may be implemented as a general purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP) for performing the functions described herein.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • One or more of the functional blocks described with respect to the figures and/or one or more combinations of functional blocks may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, eg, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors One or more microprocessors in conjunction with DSP communication or any other such configuration.

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Abstract

一种基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计方法、装置以及通信系统，所述方法包括：基站接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO；根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计；以及根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息。通过本发明实施例，能够显著节省下行参考信号开销和反馈开销，获取大规模天线带来的增益，进一步提高系统容量。

Description

基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计方法、装置以及通信系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种通信技术领域，特别涉及一种高维多用户多输入多输出(MU-MIMO，Multiple User Multiple Input Multiple Output)系统中的基于探测参考信号(SRS，Sounding Reference Signal)的下行信道估计方法、装置以及通信系统。
背景技术
随着天线技术的发展，二维活动天线阵列可以放置在发射端，它通过天线系数的灵活加权来形成三维波束。三维多天线技术一方面能够提高天线增益，减少波束宽度，减少干扰；另一方面通过空间复用更多的用户，可以提高系统的复用效率。因此三维多天线技术能显著提高系统的传输效率和可靠性，是未来移动通信系统的热门候选技术。
相对二维多天线技术，三维多天线技术具有更好的空间分离性，能够支持更多用户复用传输。图1是3D MIMO中多用户MIMO(MU-MIMO)的一示意图，如图1所示，3D多天线系统增加了垂直维，系统能够支持MU-MIMO的维数可以进一步增大。
另一方面，目前例如频分双工(FDD，Frequency Division Duplex)系统中一般采用参考信号来进行下行信道估计。即基站向用户设备传输参考信号，例如公共参考信号(CRS，Common Reference Signal)或者信道状态信息参考信号(CSI-RS，Channel State Information Reference Signal)，用户设备测量参考信号并通过上行信道反馈信道相关信息，例如秩指示(RI，Rank Indicator)/预编码矩阵指示(PMI，Precoding Matrix Indicator)/信道质量指示(CQI，Channel Quality Indicator)。
应该注意，上面对技术背景的介绍只是为了方便对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的说明，并方便本领域技术人员的理解而阐述的。不能仅仅因为这些方案在本发明的背景技术部分进行了阐述而认为上述技术方案为本领域技术人员所公知。
发明内容
但是，发明人发现在高维MU-MIMO(可称为3D-MIMO或者Massive MIMO)系统中，随着天线数目的增加，基站获取下行信道信息所需要的参考信号开销和反馈开销都会显著增大，不能获取大规模天线带来的增益，不能进一步提高系统容量。
本发明实施例提供一种基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计方法、装置以及通信系统。基于用户设备发送的支持高维MIMO的SRS进行上行信道估计，并利用信道互易性获取下行信道信息；能够显著节省下行参考信号开销和反馈开销。
根据本发明实施例的第一个方面，提供一种基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计方法，所述方法包括：
基站接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO；
根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计；以及
根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息。
根据本发明实施例的第二个方面，提供一种基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计装置，所述装置包括：
参考信号接收单元，接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO；
上行信道估计单元，根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计；以及
下行信道信息获取单元，根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息。
根据本发明实施例的第三个方面，提供一种通信系统，所述通信系统包括：
基站，接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计，以及根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息；
用户设备，向所述基站发送所述探测参考信号；其中，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO。
根据本发明实施例的又一个方面，提供一种计算机可读程序，其中当在基站中执行所述程序时，所述程序使得计算机在所述基站中执行如上所述的基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计方法。
根据本发明实施例的又一个方面，提供一种存储有计算机可读程序的存储介质，其中所述计算机可读程序使得计算机在基站中执行如上所述的基于探测参考信号的 下行信道估计方法。
本发明实施例的有益效果在于，基站基于用户设备发送的支持高维MIMO的SRS进行上行信道估计，并利用信道互易性获取下行信道信息；能够显著节省下行参考信号开销和反馈开销，获取大规模天线带来的增益，进一步提高系统容量。
参照后文的说明和附图，详细公开了本发明的特定实施方式，指明了本发明的原理可以被采用的方式。应该理解，本发明的实施方式在范围上并不因而受到限制。在所附权利要求的精神和条款的范围内，本发明的实施方式包括许多改变、修改和等同。
针对一种实施方式描述和/或示出的特征可以以相同或类似的方式在一个或更多个其它实施方式中使用，与其它实施方式中的特征相组合，或替代其它实施方式中的特征。
应该强调，术语“包括/包含”在本文使用时指特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或更多个其它特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在或附加。
附图说明
参照以下的附图可以更好地理解本发明的很多方面。附图中的部件不是成比例绘制的，而只是为了示出本发明的原理。为了便于示出和描述本发明的一些部分，附图中对应部分可能被放大或缩小。
在本发明的一个附图或一种实施方式中描述的元素和特征可以与一个或更多个其它附图或实施方式中示出的元素和特征相结合。此外，在附图中，类似的标号表示几个附图中对应的部件，并可用于指示多于一种实施方式中使用的对应部件。
图1是3D MIMO中MU-MIMO的一示意图；
图2是本发明实施例的基于SRS的下行信道估计方法的一示意图；
图3是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的一示意图；
图4是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的另一示意图；
图5是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的一示意图；
图6是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的另一示意图；
图7是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的一示意图；
图8是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的一示意图；
图9是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的一示意图；
图10是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的一示意图；
图11是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的一示意图；
图12是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的另一示意图；
图13是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的一示意图；
图14是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的另一示意图；
图15是本发明实施例的基于SRS的下行信道估计装置的一示意图；
图16是本发明实施例的基站的一构成示意图；
图17是本发明实施例的通信系统的一构成示意图。
具体实施方式
参照附图，通过下面的说明书，本发明的前述以及其它特征将变得明显。在说明书和附图中，具体公开了本发明的特定实施方式，其表明了其中可以采用本发明的原则的部分实施方式，应了解的是，本发明不限于所描述的实施方式，相反，本发明包括落入所附权利要求的范围内的全部修改、变型以及等同物。
目前，SRS主要用于上行信道的测量，用来支持UE上行的调度。通过高层配置周期和传输偏移可以确定小区SRS子帧的时间位置。表1示出了FDD系统中SRS子帧配置，表2示出了TDD系统中SRS子帧配置。
表1
Figure PCTCN2014093977-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2014093977-appb-000002
表2
Figure PCTCN2014093977-appb-000003
此外，通过子帧周期和偏移量可以确定该用户设备的发送时间。表3示出了FDD系统中触发type 0的UE specific的SRS周期TSRS与子帧偏移配置Toffset；表4示出了TDD系统中触发type 0的UE specific的SRS周期TSRS与子帧偏移配置Toffset。
表3
Figure PCTCN2014093977-appb-000004
表4
Figure PCTCN2014093977-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2014093977-appb-000006
物理层使用高层信令为每小区配置8种不同的SRS带宽配置，为每用户设备配置4种带宽选项，通过两级的结构来完成用户SRS带宽的指示。表5给出了上行带宽为40-60RB
Figure PCTCN2014093977-appb-000007
时，所有可能的SRS带宽配置和带宽选项，即mSRS,b和Nb，其中b＝0,1,2,3。
表5
Figure PCTCN2014093977-appb-000008
此外，频率起始点的位置由无线资源控制(RRC，Radio Resource Control)信令来决定。SRS序列是一个Zadoff-Chu序列，它由物理上行控制信道(PUCCH，Physical Uplink Control Channel)的序列组数、基序列组数和循环移位标示来共同决定。
在序列向物理资源的映射上，SRS采用了2个子载波的频率间隔，形成“梳状”的频域结构。不同用户的SRS通过FDM(也就是不同的梳状值)、TDM(不同的子帧)和CDM的方式实现复用，其中CDM是通过基序列的循环移位(最多8种)来实现。
SRS在普通上行子帧的最后一个符号传输。在TDD帧结构，UpPTS长度为两个符号的情况下，两个符号都可以配置用于SRS传输。当UpPTS有一个SC-FDMA符号时，该符号可以用于SRS传输；若UpPTS中有两个SC-FDMA符号，他们均可以用于SRS传输，并且可以分配给同一个UE。
当信道质量比较差的时候，使用窄带SRS可以提高接收端的信道质量，因此需要使用跳频的方法获取更多频带上的信道信息。目前，周期SRS支持跳频传输，非周期SRS不支持跳频传输。
另一方面，在目前例如时分双工(TDD，Time Division Duplex)系统中，上下行信道在一定程度上具有互易性，基站可以通过测量用户设备发射的SRS信号获取上行信道信息，再借助校准技术得到下行信道信息。
在本实施例中，在3D-MIMO或者Massive-MIMO系统中，可以基于支持高维MU-MIMO的SRS，利用信道互易性获取下行信道信息，能够显著节省下行参考信号开销和反馈开销，获取大规模天线带来的增益，进一步提高系统容量。以下对本发明实施例进行详细说明。
实施例1
本发明实施例提供一种基于SRS的下行信道估计方法。图2是本发明实施例的基于SRS的下行信道估计方法的一示意图，如图2所示，所述方法包括：
步骤201，基站接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO；
步骤202，基站根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计；以及
步骤203，根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息。
在本实施例中，所述方法应用于高维MU-MIMO系统中。其中，SRS存在如下问题：高维MU-MIMO系统支持的用户数会显著增加，这会造成SRS的容量不足；对于边缘用户设备在配置宽带SRS时，发送功率较大，用户设备会出现功率受限的情况；如果用户设备侧用于发送和接收的天线数目不同，会影响信道上下行互易性的使用。
此外，在大规模MIMO系统中，信道会呈现如下特性：
(1)在进行波束赋型(Beamform)传输时，信道的时变特性会较小。这是因为随着天线数目的增大，信道空间分辨率会提高，如果用户设备以较快的速度移动，基站到用户设备的空间方向变化较快，这需要用户设备以较快的速度进行反馈，上行反馈开销会很大；否则，传输的稳健性会出现问题。因此，大规模天线的典型应用场景中信道时变性小。
(2)随着天线数目的增加，天线的尺寸会限制使用。为了保证天线的尺寸，大规模天线一般应用在更高的频带上，例如5GHz。在这个频带上，波长较小，用户设备附近的散射体会增多，当天线数目较大时，信道的频选特性变得比较稳定。另一方面，相同的系统带宽在高的载频上变成了一个相对窄带的传输，因此系统的频选特性会相对减弱。
(3)随着天线数目的增加，信道的空间分辨会提高，信道的空间朝向信息变得几乎准正交。
为了解决上述问题，本发明实施例基于信道特性提出增强方案，使用支持高维MU-MIMO的SRS，其中该SRS用于下行信道估计。本发明实施例的SRS可以被认为是对现有SRS进行了增强，可以认为是一种新的SRS，可以称为type 2类型的SRS。
如图2所示，所述方法还可以包括：
步骤2001，基站为用户设备配置发送SRS的资源。
其中，基站可以向用户设备发送用户设备相关(UE-specific)的第一信令和/或小区相关(cell-specific)的第二信令；其中，所述第一信令包含针对所述用户设备的SRS配置信息，所述第二信令包含针对所述小区的SRS配置信息。
关于针对所述小区的SRS配置信息，可以如后实施例2所述，发送SRS的资源配置信令(第二信令)可以包括时域子帧周期、偏移和使用的OFDM符号；但本发明不限于此。
对于每一个用户设备，其中实施例2至7示出了发送SRS的可能资源，可以采用其中的部分资源发送SRS，每个发送SRS的资源配置信令(第一信令)可包括时域子帧周期、偏移和使用的OFDM符号；频域载波起点标示、Comb数目、物理资源块；SRS序列的循环偏移量；但本发明不限于此。
在本实施例中，基站可以基于用户设备发送的SRS进行上行信道估计，可以采用现有上行信道估计的任意一种方法。然后，可以利用信道互易性(例如借助校准技术)获得下行信道信息。由此，能够显著节省下行参考信号开销和反馈开销，获取大规模天线带来的增益，进一步提高系统容量。
实施例2
本发明实施例在实施例1的基础上，对SRS进行进一步说明。在本实施例中，为了解决SRS容量和功率受限的问题，增加SRS可用资源是一种有效的方法。利用新的资源可以传输增加用户设备的SRS，也可以在更多的时域资源上来为功率受限的用户设备发送SRS，降低它的传输功率，解决功率受限问题。
在本实施例中，除了标准已有的传输SRS的资源之外，新的资源被用来传输SRS。考虑上行传输使用单载波FDMA，整个符号被用于SRS传输。为了保持FDD和TDD统一的设计，如下可能的OFDM符号可用于SRS传输。在LTE系统中，在常规CP子帧中，符号3和10用于传送DM-RS，符号2和11可能用于传输ACK/NACK，符号1和12可能用于RI的传输。在扩展子帧中，类似规定的资源被用来传输DM-RS，ACK/NACK和RI。在增加新的SRS资源时，需要考虑避免这些资源，减少对传统用户的影响。
在一个实施方式中，SRS可以被配置在某一子帧的最后一个OFDM符号上，以及所述子帧的第一个时隙的第一个或者最后一个OFDM符号上。
图3是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧(Normal CP)的一示意图，如图3所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第1个时隙的第1个OFDM符号(#0)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#13)上。
图4是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧(Normal CP)的另一示意图，如图4所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第1个时隙的最后1个OFDM符号(#6)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#13)上。
图5是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧(Extend CP)的一示意图，如图5所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第1个时隙的第1个OFDM符号(#0)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#11)上。
图6是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧(Extend CP)的另一示意图，如图6所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第1个时隙的最后1个OFDM符号(#5)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#11)上。
在本实施方式中，在第一个时隙的第一个或最后一个OFDM符号上传输SRS，这样可以避开DM-RS以及上行控制信息的RI和ACK/NACK，同时保证较好的信道估计质量，而且可用来使用自动增益调整的功能。
在另一个实施方式中，SRS可以被配置在某一子帧的最后两个OFDM符号上。
图7是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的一示意图，如图7所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的倒数第2个OFDM符号(#12)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#13)上。
图8是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的一示意图，如图8所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的倒数第2个OFDM符号(#10)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#11)上。
在本实施方式中，SRS被配置在子帧的最后两个OFDM符号上，可以适合进行正交叠加码(OCC，Orthogonal Cover Code)操作，也可以采用重复传输的方式。
在另一个实施方式中，SRS可以被配置在某一子帧的最后一个OFDM符号上，以及传输DM-RS的资源被用于传输SRS。
其中，在没有数据传输的情况下(例如系统在某些资源上没有数据传输)，某一子帧中两个传输DM-RS的OFDM符号被用于传输SRS；或者，在低速传输的情况下(例如用户设备在小区场景下以低于预定阈值的速度传输时)，某一子帧中一个用于传输DM-RS的OFDM符号被用于传输SRS；即如果一个传输DM-RS的资源仍然传输DM-RS用于数据解调，另一个传输DM-RS的资源可以用于传输SRS。
图9是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的一示意图，如图9所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第4个OFDM符号(#3)以及第11个OFDM符号(#10)上，以及该子帧的最后1个DFDM符号(#13)上。其中，该第4个和第11个OFDM符号原本用于传输DM-RS。
图10是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的一示意图，如图10所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第3个OFDM符号(#2)以及第9个OFDM符号(#8)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#11)上。
在另一个实施方式中，SRS可以被配置在某一子帧的最后一个OFDM符号上，以及传输D2D同步信号的资源被用于传输SRS。
其中，常规子帧中第一个时隙的第二个和第三个OFDM符号，或者第二个时隙的第五个和第六个OFDM符号被用于传输SRS；或者，扩展子帧中第一个时隙的第一个和第二个OFDM符号，或者第二个时隙的第四个和第五个OFDM符号被用于传输SRS。
图11是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的一示意图，如图11所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第1个时隙的第2个OFDM符号(#1)和第3个OFDM符号(#2)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#13)上。
图12是本发明实施例的传输SRS的常规子帧的另一示意图，如图12所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第2个时隙的第5个OFDM符号(#11)和第6个OFDM符号(#12)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#13)上。
图13是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的一示意图，如图13所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第1个时隙的第1个OFDM符号(#0)和第2个OFDM符号(#1)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#11)上。
图14是本发明实施例的传输SRS的扩展子帧的另一示意图，如图14所示，SRS被配置在该子帧的第2个时隙的第4个OFDM符号(#9)和第5个OFDM符号(#10)上，以及该子帧的最后1个OFDM符号(#11)上。
在本实施方式中，SRS被配置在传输D2D同步信号的资源上。如果用户设备的D2D传输和其它用户设备的上行传输复用到一起，可以对齐特殊符号，减少相互干扰。另一方面，可以重用设计D2D同步信号时的优势，例如可以用于自动增益调整和同步跟踪。
由上述实施例可知，基站基于用户设备发送的支持高维MIMO的SRS进行上行信道估计，并利用信道互易性获取下行信道信息；能够显著节省下行参考信号开销和反馈开销，获取大规模天线带来的增益，进一步提高系统容量。
此外，利用新的资源可以增加SRS的传输，也可以在更多的时域资源上来为功 率受限的用户设备发送SRS，解决功率受限问题。
实施例3
本发明实施例在实施例1的基础上，对SRS进行进一步说明。在本实施例中，根据信道频选特性变小的特性，可以增大SRS的梳状间隔特性。在现有标准中，子载波频率间隔(即Comb值)为2。
在本实施例中，SRS在频域上的子载波频率间隔大于2；例如可以将这个间隔增大到4。这样，采用不同Comb值复用在相同资源块的用户设备数目增大到4。也就是说，现有系统中一个用户设备使用某些资源块中的6个子载波传输SRS，可变成使用某些资源块中的3个子载波传输SRS。
按照目前探测资源块数目为4的特性，最短SRS序列长度为12。这样SRS序列也不会太短，不至于影响不同用户设备在CDM复用时的干扰特性。
由上述实施例可知，增加SRS的梳状间隔特性，可以支持更多的用户设备。
实施例4
本发明实施例在实施例1的基础上，对SRS进行进一步说明。在本实施例中，根据信道频选特性变小的特性，可以减少SRS采样的密度。在本实施例中，发送SRS的资源块(RB，Resource Block)被减少，即SRS仅在部分资源块中被配置。
在以前树状SRS结构的前提下，每个采样宽度对应资源块中，可以按照一定的规律减少发送SRS的资源块数。例如，对于50RB，10M上行带宽系统，当小区配置SRS带宽配置0，用户设备配置SRS带宽标示为0时，用户设备可以在48个RB上发送宽带SRS，对于边缘用户很容易出现功率受限的情况。
除了改变用户设备配置SRS带宽标示方法外，还可以根据信道特性，减少传送SRS的PRB数。其中，对于某一用户设备，SRS每预定数量的资源块被间隔配置。例如，某些用户设备在仅在奇数个PRB上传送SRS，或者某些用户设备仅在偶数个PRB上传送SRS，或则按照某种整数倍进一步化分PRB。
在本实施例中，被配置在资源块中的配置信息可以通过高层信令被指示，或者在标准中被定义。例如，对于传输SRS的PRB，具体划分的粒度可以通过高层信令指示，或者在标准中进行定义。
由上述实施例可知，减少SRS采样的密度，可以支持更多的用户设备。
实施例5
本发明实施例在实施例1的基础上，对SRS进行进一步说明。在本实施例中，考虑到信道慢变的特性，用于下行信道互易性测量的SRS可以采用较低的采样率。在本实施例中，SRS的采样率为10毫秒及以上。
例如，SRS的采样率为10毫秒、20毫秒、40毫秒、80毫秒、160毫秒、320毫秒。但本发明不限于此，可以根据实际情况确定具体的采样率。
表6示出了本发明实施例的UE specific的SRS周期TSRS与子帧偏移配置Toffset的情况，其中可以适用于FDD系统和TDD系统。
表6
Figure PCTCN2014093977-appb-000009
值得注意的是，表6仅示意性示出了本发明实施例的SRS采样率的情况，但本发明不限于此，还可以根据实际情况确定具体的内容。
此外，采样率的具体数值可通过对于互易性应用的SRS配置来指示，该指示可以也包括周期和偏移两个参数。
由上述实施例可知，SRS采用较低的采样率，可以支持更多的用户设备。
实施例6
本发明实施例在实施例1的基础上，对SRS进行进一步说明。在本实施例中，为了减少SRS之间的相互影响，可以对不同小区的SRS进行协调。
在本实施例中，可以首先把SRS可用的时频资源可以划分为两个集合；对于其中一个集合，所有小区可以共同使用，对于另一个集合，不同小区分享使用。也就是当协调小区中有一个小区获得了传输机会，别的小区不使用这个SRS资源或者以较低的功率使用这个资源。
在本实施例中，基站可以发送用于协调不同小区的探测参考信号的信令(可称为第三信令)，使得在某一小区传输所述探测参考信号时，其他小区不使用或者以较低功率使用所述探测参考信号所对应的资源。当协调小区位于不同基站之间，这个信令需要在基站间进行传输。同时，基站也需要将这个SRS资源协调结果通知服务用户。
其中，所述探测参考信号所对应的资源包括如下信息的其中一种或组合：所述探测参考信号所使用的子帧信息、OFDM符号信息、Comb数目信息、频率间隔信息、资源块信息、功率信息、SRS序列的循环偏移信息；但本发明不限于此。
例如，对于基站而言，需要告诉其它基站在对应的传输SRS的位置上进行静默或者低功率传输信号。同时基站通知所有用户设备在对应SRS的时频位置上静默或者低功率传输信号。
由上述实施例可知，对不同小区的SRS进行协调，可以减少SRS的相互影响。
实施例7
本发明实施例在实施例1的基础上，对SRS进行进一步说明。在本实施例中，为了克服用户设备用于发送和接收的天线数目不等时对信道互易性的影响，基站需要知道用户设备是否有采用相同数目天线进行发射和接收工作的能力，这个能力可以通过用户能力信令进行上报。
在本实施例中，基站接收用户设备上报的用户能力信令，其中该用户能力信令包括天线数信息和/或用户能力信息，所述用户能力信息用于指示所述用户设备是否具有采用相同数目天线进行发射和接收的能力。其中，天线数信息可以仅是接收天线数信息，但本发明不限于此。
当基站知道用户设备没有这个能力时，不能使用这类SRS进行下行信道估计。
当基站知道用户设备有这种能力时，基站可以通过专用信令配置用户设备在对应 的发射天线上发送SRS信号。这个SRS信号可以使用标准已经定义的资源来发送SRS，也可以使用新增的资源来发送SRS。用户按照基站的配置来进行SRS传输。或者用户按照定义好的行为来发送SRS，基站也遵从这种定义来进行接收。
在一种方式中，SRS可以被用户设备在时域资源上进行轮转而发送。例如可以在标准中定义用户设备的行为，而基站在接收到用户能力信令之后，可以采用相应地接收方法。例如，对于2Tx/4Rx天线系统，2Tx传输SRS时在时域资源上进行轮转，即在不同的时间在不同2Tx天线上发送SRS。为了保证天线轮转的实现，发送SRS的符号时间必须满足天线切换的时间。比如，间隔1,2个OFDM符号。
在另一种方式中，基站可以为用户设备配置多套(两套及以上)SRS，使得用户设备使用不同的天线组传输该多套SRS。其中传输多套SRS的资源在时域上被分开，例如采用不同OFDM符号或子帧的资源分别传输多套SRS，由此可以实现不同组天线发送的转换。为了保证天线轮转的实现，多套SRS的发送时间间隔必须满足天线切换的时间要求。比如，间隔1,2个OFDM符号。
由上述实施例可知，通过上报用户能力，可以克服用户设备用于发送和接收的天线数目不等时对信道互易性的影响。
实施例8
本发明实施例提供一种基于SRS的下行信道估计装置，配置于基站中。本发明实施例对应于实施例1至7所述的基于SRS的下行信道估计方法，相同的内容不再赘述。
图15是本发明实施例的基于SRS的下行信道估计装置的一示意图，如图15所示，所述装置1500包括：
参考信号接收单元1501，接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO；
上行信道估计单元1502，根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计；以及
下行信道信息获取单元1503，根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息。
在本实施例中，传输SRS资源的具体内容可如实施例2至7所述。对于一个用户设备，可以使用其中的部分资源。
如图15所示，所述装置1500还可以包括：
信令发送单元1504，向用户设备发送用户设备相关的第一信令和/或小区相关的第二信令；其中，所述第一信令包含针对所述用户设备的探测参考信号配置信息，所述第二信令包含针对所述小区的探测参考信号配置信息。
本实施例还提供一种基站，配置有如上所述的下行信道估计装置1500。
图16是本发明实施例的基站的一构成示意图。如图16所示，基站1600可以包括：中央处理器(CPU)200和存储器210；存储器210耦合到中央处理器200。其中该存储器210可存储各种数据；此外还存储信息处理的程序，并且在中央处理器200的控制下执行该程序，以接收该用户设备发送的各种信息、并且向用户设备发送请求信息。
其中，中央处理器200可以被配置为实现下行信道估计装置1500的功能。基站1600可以实现如实施例1至7所述的下行信道估计方法。
此外，如图16所示，基站1600还可以包括：收发机220和天线230等；其中，上述部件的功能与现有技术类似，此处不再赘述。值得注意的是，基站1600也并不是必须要包括图16中所示的所有部件；此外，基站1600还可以包括图16中没有示出的部件，可以参考现有技术。
由上述实施例可知，基站基于用户设备发送的支持高维MIMO的SRS进行上行信道估计，并利用信道互易性获取下行信道信息；能够显著节省下行参考信号开销和反馈开销，获取大规模天线带来的增益，进一步提高系统容量。
实施例9
本发明实施例提供一种通信系统，图17是本发明实施例的通信系统的一构成示意图。如图17所示，所述通信系统1700包括：
基站1701，接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计，以及根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息；
用户设备1702，向所述基站发送所述探测参考信号，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO。
在本实施例中，传输SRS资源的具体内容可如实施例2至7所述。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读程序，其中当在基站中执行所述程序时，所 述程序使得计算机在所述基站中执行实施例1至7所述的基于SRS的下行信道估计方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种存储有计算机可读程序的存储介质，其中所述计算机可读程序使得计算机在基站中执行实施例1至7所述的基于SRS的下行信道估计方法。
本发明以上的装置和方法可以由硬件实现，也可以由硬件结合软件实现。本发明涉及这样的计算机可读程序，当该程序被逻辑部件所执行时，能够使该逻辑部件实现上文所述的装置或构成部件，或使该逻辑部件实现上文所述的各种方法或步骤。本发明还涉及用于存储以上程序的存储介质，如硬盘、磁盘、光盘、DVD、flash存储器等。
针对附图中描述的功能方框中的一个或多个和/或功能方框的一个或多个组合，可以实现为用于执行本申请所描述功能的通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件或者其任意适当组合。针对附图描述的功能方框中的一个或多个和/或功能方框的一个或多个组合，还可以实现为计算设备的组合，例如，DSP和微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、与DSP通信结合的一个或多个微处理器或者任何其它这种配置。
以上结合具体的实施方式对本发明进行了描述，但本领域技术人员应该清楚，这些描述都是示例性的，并不是对本发明保护范围的限制。本领域技术人员可以根据本发明的精神和原理对本发明做出各种变型和修改，这些变型和修改也在本发明的范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计方法，所述方法包括：
    基站接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO；
    根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计；以及
    根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基站向所述用户设备发送用户设备相关的第一信令和/或小区相关的第二信令；其中，所述第一信令包含针对所述用户设备的探测参考信号配置信息，所述第二信令包含针对所述小区的探测参考信号配置信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述探测参考信号在如下的部分或全部资源中被传输：
    子帧的最后一个OFDM符号以及所述子帧的第一个时隙的第一个或者最后一个OFDM符号；或者子帧的最后两个OFDM符号；
    或者，子帧的最后一个OFDM符号以及传输DM-RS的OFDM符号；
    或者，子帧的最后一个OFDM符号以及传输D2D同步信号的OFDM符号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述传输DM-RS的OFDM符号包括：
    在没有数据传输的情况下，所述子帧中两个传输DM-RS的OFDM符号；或者，在低速传输的情况下，所述子帧中一个用于传输DM-RS的OFDM符号。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述传输D2D同步信号的OFDM符号包括：
    常规子帧中第一个时隙的第二个OFDM符号和第三个OFDM符号；或者，常规子帧中第二个时隙的第五个OFDM符号和第六个OFDM符号；
    或者，扩展子帧中第一个时隙的第一个OFDM符号和第二个OFDM符号；或者，扩展子帧中第二个时隙的第四个OFDM符号和第五个OFDM符号。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述探测参考信号在频域上的子载波频率间隔大于2。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述探测参考信号在频域上的子载波频 率间隔为4。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，发送所述探测参考信号的资源块被减少，即所述探测参考信号仅在部分资源块中被配置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述探测参考信号被配置在资源块中的配置信息通过高层信令被指示，或者在标准中被定义。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，对于某一用户设备，所述探测参考信号每预定数量的资源块被间隔配置。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述探测参考信号的采样率为10毫秒及以上。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述探测参考信号的采样率为10毫秒、20毫秒、40毫秒、80毫秒、160毫秒、320毫秒。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基站发送用于协调不同小区的探测参考信号的第三信令，使得在某一小区传输所述探测参考信号时，其他小区不使用或者以较低功率使用所述探测参考信号所对应的资源。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述探测参考信号所对应的资源包括如下信息的其中一种或组合：所述探测参考信号所使用的子帧信息、OFDM符号信息、Comb数目信息、频率间隔信息、资源块信息、功率信息、探测参考信号序列的循环偏移信息。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述基站接收所述用户设备上报的天线数信息和/或用户能力信息，所述用户能力信息用于指示所述用户设备是否具有采用相同数目天线进行发射和接收的能力。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述探测参考信号被所述用户设备在时域资源上进行轮转而发送。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述基站为所述用户设备配置两套及以上的所述探测参考信号；
    其中传输所述两套及以上的所述探测参考信号的资源在时域上被分开，使得所述用户设备使用不同的天线组传输所述两套及以上的探测参考信号。
  18. 一种基于探测参考信号的下行信道估计装置，所述装置包括：
    参考信号接收单元，接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO；
    上行信道估计单元，根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计；以及
    下行信道信息获取单元，根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息。
  19. 基于权利要求18所述的装置，其中，所述装置还包括：
    信令发送单元，向所述用户设备发送用户设备相关的第一信令和/或小区相关的第二信令；其中，所述第一信令包含针对所述用户设备的探测参考信号配置信息，所述第二信令包含针对所述小区的探测参考信号配置信息。
  20. 一种通信系统，所述通信系统包括：
    基站，接收用户设备发送的探测参考信号，根据所述探测参考信号进行上行信道估计，以及根据所述上行信道估计所获得的上行信道信息获取下行信道信息；
    用户设备，向所述基站发送所述探测参考信号；其中，所述探测参考信号用于下行信道估计并支持高维MU-MIMO。
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