WO2016106616A1 - 一种充电保护方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种充电保护方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016106616A1
WO2016106616A1 PCT/CN2014/095733 CN2014095733W WO2016106616A1 WO 2016106616 A1 WO2016106616 A1 WO 2016106616A1 CN 2014095733 W CN2014095733 W CN 2014095733W WO 2016106616 A1 WO2016106616 A1 WO 2016106616A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
pin
current
charger
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/095733
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
文冲
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to MYPI2017701841A priority Critical patent/MY180181A/en
Priority to CN201480084435.7A priority patent/CN107112743B/zh
Priority to KR1020177016588A priority patent/KR102085684B1/ko
Priority to PCT/CN2014/095733 priority patent/WO2016106616A1/zh
Priority to RU2017124241A priority patent/RU2677252C1/ru
Priority to AU2014415910A priority patent/AU2014415910B2/en
Priority to BR112017011439-9A priority patent/BR112017011439B1/pt
Priority to SG11201704195PA priority patent/SG11201704195PA/en
Priority to EP14909425.2A priority patent/EP3211740B1/en
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910833918.7A priority patent/CN110571759B/zh
Priority to CA2969011A priority patent/CA2969011C/en
Priority to JP2017533281A priority patent/JP6388357B2/ja
Priority to US15/532,026 priority patent/US10250048B2/en
Priority to ES14909425T priority patent/ES2771901T3/es
Publication of WO2016106616A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016106616A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US16/265,609 priority patent/US10778018B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18—Status alarms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature additionally responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/663—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/62—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overcurrent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/65—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overtemperature

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of charging protection, and in particular, to a charging protection method and apparatus.
  • the size of the charging interface selected by the manufacturer is getting smaller and smaller, so that the spacing of the pins in the charging interface is relatively small. Due to the water ingress of the device, the entry of iron filings or toner, etc., the pins in the charging interface may be short-circuited, which may cause burn-out deformation or even a fire accident during charging of the device.
  • the current solution is to increase the PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC for short) resistance in the vicinity of the charging interface.
  • PTC Pressure Temperature Coefficient
  • the PTC resistor is a heat sensitive device. If the trigger temperature of the PTC resistor is set too low, a malfunction may occur, and the setting is too high to protect the charging device. Meanwhile, when the charging interface is When the temperature reaches the trigger temperature of the PTC resistor, the disconnection action of the PCT resistor has a certain delay, which may cause damage to the charging interface.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a charging protection method and device, which can solve the problem that the charging interface can not be effectively protected in the charging process in the prior art.
  • a charging protection method including:
  • the charging interface is a micro universal serial bus Micro USB interface, and detecting whether the charging voltage does not belong to a preset voltage interval, and detecting the charging current Whether it is less than a preset current threshold, and detecting whether the temperature rise is greater than a preset temperature rise threshold includes:
  • the charging path of the disconnecting charger includes:
  • the current transmitted by the charger on the VBUS pin of the Micro USB is controlled to be grounded through the MOS tube.
  • the charging path of the disconnecting charger includes:
  • the disconnection indication information is sent to the charger through the D+ pin or the D-pin, the disconnection indication information is used to instruct the charger to disconnect the charging path.
  • disconnecting the charging path of the charger ,Also includes:
  • An alarm prompt message is sent, and the alarm prompt information includes sound information and text information.
  • the sending the alert prompt information includes:
  • the display device that invokes the charged device displays text information indicating that the charged device is abnormal in charging, and calls the sounding device of the charged device to emit sound information.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a charging protection device, including: a voltage detecting unit, a current detecting unit, a temperature detecting unit, a power management unit, a temperature sensor, and a Micro USB interface, wherein
  • the voltage detecting unit is connected to the D+ pin, the D- pin and the ID pin of the Micro USB interface, and is used to read whether the current on the D+ pin, the D- pin and the ID pin is pre- Current range
  • the current detecting unit is respectively connected to the VBUS pin of the Micro USB interface, and configured to detect whether the current on the VBUS pin is less than a preset current threshold;
  • the temperature detecting unit is connected to the temperature sensor, and is configured to acquire a temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and detect, according to the acquired temperature, whether a temperature rise of the Micro USB interface is greater than a preset temperature rise threshold;
  • the charging management unit is respectively connected to the voltage detecting unit, the current detecting unit and the temperature detecting unit, and is configured to: if the one or more of the voltage detecting unit, the current detecting unit and the temperature detecting unit are Yes, disconnect the charging path of the charger.
  • the charging management unit is further configured to:
  • the indication information is sent to the charger through the D+ pin or the D- pin, and the indication information is used to instruct the charger to disconnect the charging path.
  • the method further includes: a MOS transistor and a diode, a gate of the MOS transistor being connected to the charge management unit, a drain of the MOS transistor being grounded, the MOS A source of the transistor is coupled to a VBUS pin of the Micro USB interface, and a cathode of the diode is coupled to a drain of the MOS transistor.
  • a capacitor is further included, and one end of the capacitor is connected to the VBUS pin and the other end is grounded.
  • the charging management unit is further configured to: send an alarm indication information to the charged device, where the alarm indication The information is used to instruct the charged device to display text information indicating that the charged device is abnormal in charging using the display device, and instruct the charged device to use the sounding device to emit sound information.
  • the charging path of the charger can be disconnected in time before the high temperature damage occurs in the charging interface. Can effectively avoid damage to the charging interface.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a charging protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of a charging protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a charging protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method includes:
  • S101 Read a charging voltage, a charging current, and a temperature rise of a charging interface of the charged device.
  • the charger is connected to the device to be charged through the charging protection device, and the charger and the device to be charged are respectively provided with mutually compatible charging interfaces, and the charging protection device is connected to the device to be charged through the charging interface of the device to be charged.
  • the charging protection device reads the charging voltage, charging current, and temperature rise on the charging interface.
  • the charged device may be a smart phone, a tablet computer, or an audio-visual entertainment device, etc., and the invention is not limited.
  • the charging interface includes at least a power pin and a ground pin, and the charger charges the charged device through the power pin and the ground pin, and the charging protection device can read the charging voltage of the charging interface through the power pin in the charging interface.
  • a resistor is connected in series with the pin to read the charging current on the resistor; the temperature rise refers to the temperature increase of the charged interface during the preset time interval.
  • the charging protection device detects whether the read charging voltage does not belong to a preset voltage interval, detects whether the read charging current is less than a preset current threshold, and detects the read temperature rise. Whether it is greater than a preset temperature rise threshold, wherein the preset temperature rise threshold may be determined according to a temperature rise of the charged device other than the charging interface.
  • the preset voltage range is [2.5V, 5.5V], the preset current threshold is 1.8A, and the preset temperature rise threshold is 3°C/min.
  • the charging protection device reads the charging voltage of the charging interface. 6V, the charging current of the charging interface is 1A, and the temperature rise of the charging interface is 5°C/min.
  • the charging protection device detects that the charging voltage of the charging interface does not belong to the preset voltage interval, and the charging current of the charging interface is less than The preset current threshold, the temperature rise of the charging interface is greater than the preset temperature rise threshold.
  • the charging protection device determines that any one of the above conditions is satisfied, the charging protection device disconnects the charging path of the charger; or when the charging protection device determines that any two of the above conditions are met, the charging protection device is disconnected from charging The charging path of the device; or when the charging protection device determines that the above three conditions are met, the charging protection device disconnects the charging path of the charger.
  • the charging protection device can disconnect the charging path on the side to be charged, and can also instruct the charger to disconnect the charging path locally.
  • Embodiments of the present invention by measuring a charging voltage, a charging current, and a temperature rise of a charging interface, when an abnormality occurs in one or more of a charging voltage, a charging current, and a temperature rise, disconnecting the charging path of the charger in time, Can effectively avoid damage to the charging interface.
  • the charging interface is a micro universal serial bus Micro USB interface
  • the detecting whether the charging voltage does not belong to a preset voltage interval, and detecting whether the charging current is less than The preset current threshold, and detecting whether the temperature rise is greater than a preset temperature rise threshold includes:
  • the charging interface on the charged device is a Micro USB interface
  • the Micro USB interface can be used as a charging interface or a data interface, including five pins, respectively: VBUS pin: power pin, D+ pin: positive data pin, D- pin: negative data pin, ID (Identity) pin: reserved pin, ground pin: signal ground pin, Micro USB interface on the device being charged and The Micro USB interface of the charger cooperates with each other. One is the male and the other is the female. When the Micro USB interface of the charger is inserted into the Micro USB interface of the charged device, the charger starts charging the charged device.
  • the charging protection device detects that the charger is connected to the charged device through the Micro USB interface, and when the charger outputs power, the charging protection device measures the D-pin, D+ pin or ID pin of the Micro USB interface on the charged device. Voltage, whether the voltage does not belong to the threshold voltage threshold; the charging protection device measures the current of the VBUS pin of the Micro USB interface on the charged device, and detects whether the current is less than a preset current threshold; the temperature sensor is set beside the Micro USB interface In order to obtain good heat conduction, the temperature sensor is close to the metal component of the Micro USB interface, and the charging protection device obtains the temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and detects whether the temperature rise of the Micro USB interface is greater than a preset temperature rise threshold according to the acquired temperature.
  • disconnecting the charging path of the charger includes: controlling a current transmitted by the charger on the VBUS pin of the Micro USB to be grounded through the MOS tube.
  • the charging protection device is provided with a MOS (Metal Oxid Semiconductor, metal oxide semiconductor, MOS for short) tube, the VBUS pin is grounded through the MOS tube, and the charging protection device needs to turn off the charging path of the charger to the gate of the MOS tube.
  • the pole is loaded with the turn-on voltage so that the current that the charger transfers from the VBUS pin is grounded through the MOS.
  • the charging protection device can also realize the forced grounding of the current transmitted on the VBUS pin through the relay.
  • the charging path of the disconnecting charger includes:
  • the disconnection indication information is sent to the charger through the D+ pin or the D-pin, the disconnection indication information is used to instruct the charger to disconnect the charging path.
  • the charger supports a high-voltage fast charging protocol.
  • the charging protection device sends a disconnection indication message to the charger to instruct the charger to turn off the power output.
  • the charging protection device interacts with the charger through the D+ pin or the D- pin of the Micro USB interface, and the charger returns a response message to the charging protection device when the power output is successfully turned off.
  • the charging protection device controls the charger to be in the VBUS of the Micro USB.
  • the current transmitted on the pin is grounded through the MOS tube.
  • the method for determining whether the charger successfully disconnects the charging path by the charging protection device may be: if the charging protection device does not receive the response message indicating that the disconnection is successful after the charger returns within a preset period of time, indicating that the charger has not successfully disconnected the charging path.
  • the charger detects whether the charging voltage of the charging interface of the charged device does not belong to a preset voltage interval, detects whether the charging current is less than a preset current threshold, and detects whether the temperature rise is greater than a preset temperature rise threshold. If the test result of any one or more of the three items is YES, it indicates that the charger has not successfully disconnected the charging path.
  • the Micro USB interface may open the D-pin and the D+ pin due to high temperature or water inflow, and the information exchange between the charging protection device and the charger is impossible.
  • the charging protection device adopts the strategy: the charging protection device passes the D+ The pin or the D- pin sends a preset number of disconnection indication messages to the charger. If the response message returned by the charger is not received within the preset time period, the charging protection device forcibly grounds the VBUS pin on the side of the charged device.
  • the charging protection device can detect the charging voltage or the charging current abnormality, and when the temperature rise does not abnormal, issue an alarm prompt message, and does not turn off the charging path of the charger, and the alarm prompt information includes sound information or text information, for example, text information.
  • Charging is abnormal please unplug the charger.
  • the method further includes:
  • An alarm prompt message is sent, and the alarm prompt information includes sound information and text information.
  • the charging protection device may indicate that the charging device sends an alarm prompt message, or may locally send an alarm prompt message.
  • the sending the alert prompt information includes:
  • the display device that invokes the charged device displays text information indicating that the charged device is abnormal in charging, and calls the sounding device of the charged device to emit sound information.
  • the charging protection device sends a notification indicating that the charging is abnormal to the charged device. After receiving the notification, the charging device displays the text information of the charging abnormality on the display screen, adjusts the volume to the maximum, and gives an audible prompt through the speaker.
  • Embodiments of the present invention by measuring a charging voltage, a charging current, and a temperature rise of a charging interface, when an abnormality occurs in one or more of a charging voltage, a charging current, and a temperature rise, disconnecting the charging path of the charger in time, Can effectively avoid damage to the charging interface.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charging protection device 1 includes: a charging management unit 10, a voltage monitoring unit 11, a temperature detecting unit 12, and current detection.
  • the pin, the D-pin and the ID pin are connected to read whether the current on the D+ pin, the D- pin and the ID pin belongs to a preset current interval;
  • the current detecting unit 13 respectively interfaces with the Micro USB
  • the VBUS pin of 15 is connected to detect whether the current on the VBUS pin 15 is less than a preset current threshold;
  • the temperature detecting unit 12 is connected to the temperature sensor 14 for acquiring the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 14, according to the obtained Whether the temperature rise of the Micro USB interface 15 is greater than a preset
  • the charger 2 includes a Micro USB interface 20 and a power management chip 21, and the Micro USB interface 20 of the charger 2 cooperates with the Micro USB interface 15 of the charged device.
  • the Micro USB interface 15 is a female, Micro USB.
  • the interface 20 is a male and the temperature sensor 14 is disposed adjacent to the Micro USB interface 15.
  • the charging protection unit 1 may disconnect the charging path of the charger 2 by disconnecting the charging path of the charger 2 on the side of the charged device, or instructing the charger to disconnect the local charging path, and the charging protection device 1 is disconnected in the charging path.
  • a notification indicating that the charging is abnormal is transmitted to the charged device, and after receiving the notification by the charging device, the text information indicating that the charging abnormality has occurred is displayed on the display screen, and the volume is adjusted to the maximum, and an audible prompt is sounded through the speaker.
  • the charging management unit 10 is further configured to: send, by using a D+ pin or a D-pin, indication information to the charger 2, where the indication information is used to indicate that the charger 2 is disconnected. Charging path.
  • the charging protection device 1 further includes: a MOS transistor Q and a diode D.
  • the gate of the MOS transistor Q is connected to the charging management unit 10, and the MOS transistor Q The drain is grounded, the source of the MOS transistor Q is connected to the VBUS pin of the Micro USB interface 15, the cathode of the diode D is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q, and the prototype of the diode D is connected to the source of the MOS transistor.
  • the charging management unit 10 loads the turn-on voltage through the gate of the MOS transistor Q, so that the charger 2 passes the power output of the VBUS pin. Ground so that the charged device does not load the charger 2's charging power.
  • the charging protection device 1 further includes a capacitor C.
  • One end of the capacitor C is connected to the VBUS pin, and the other end is grounded.
  • the charging management unit 10 is further configured to: send alarm indication information to the charged device, where the alarm indication information is used to indicate that the charged device uses the display device for display Text information indicating that the charged device is abnormal in charging, and instructing the charged device to use the sounding device to emit sound information.
  • the charging protection device 1 can be located in the device to be charged, which is a part of the device to be charged, and the charging protection device can also be independent of the device to be charged, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Power Sources (AREA)

Abstract

一种充电保护方法，包括：测量被充电设备的充电接口的充电电压、充电电流和温升（S101）；检测充电电压是否不属于预设的电压区间，检测充电电流是否小于预设的电流阈值，以及检测温升是否大于预设的温升阈值（S102）；若三项中任意一项或多项的检测结果为是，断开充电器的充电通路（S103）。还提供了一种充电保护装置（1）。该充电保护方法和充电保护装置能够在充电异常时，即时断开充电通路，避免充电接口的损坏。

Description

一种充电保护方法和装置 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及充电保护领域，尤其涉及一种充电保护方法和装置。
背景技术
随着智能手机等移动终端的功能越来越强大，用户频繁使用造成电量消耗的增加，移动终端的充电。制造商为了追求设备的轻薄化，选取的充电接口的尺寸越来越小，这样充电接口中各个引脚的间距会比较小。由于设备的进水、进入铁屑或碳粉等情况，充电接口中的引脚可能会短接，在为设备充电过程中会发生烧毁变形甚至引发火灾事故。
为了解决上述问题，目前的方案是：在充电接口附近增加PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient，正温度系数，简称PTC)电阻，当充电接口发热产生高温时，PTC电阻的温度上升导致其电阻迅速上升，限制大电流通过，从而起到了过流保护作用。
但是目前的方案存在的问题是：PTC电阻是热敏感器件，如果PTC电阻的触发温度设置过低，会出现误动作，设置过高又不能起到很好的保护作用；同时，当充电接口的温度达到PTC电阻的触发温度，PCT电阻的断开动作有一定的时延，会造成充电接口的损坏。
发明内容
本发明实施例所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种充电保护方法和装置，可解决现有技术中无法在充电过程中有效的保护充电接口的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例第一方面提供了一种充电保护方法，包括：
测量被充电设备的充电接口的充电电压、充电电流和温升；
检测所述充电电压是否不属于预设的电压区间，检测所述充电电流是否小于预设的电流阈值，以及检测所述温升是否大于预设的温升阈值；
若三项中任意一项或多项的检测结果为是，断开充电器的充电通路。
结合第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述充电接口为微型通用串行总线Micro USB接口，所述检测所述充电电压是否不属于预设的电压区间，检测所述充电电流是否小于预设的电流阈值，以及检测所述温升是否大于预设的温升阈值包括：
检测所述Micro USB接口的D-引脚、D+引脚或ID引脚上的电压是否不属于所述电压区间，检测所述Micro USB接口的VBUS引脚上的电流是否小于所述电流阈值，以及获取所述Micro USB接口设置的温度传感器测量的温度，并根据所述获取的温度检测所述充电接口的温升是否大于所述温升阈值。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述断开充电器的充电通路包括：
控制所述充电器在所述Micro USB的VBUS引脚上传输的电流通过MOS管接地。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述断开充电器的充电通路包括：
通过所述D+引脚或所述D-引脚向所述充电器发送断路指示信息，所述断路指示信息用于指示所述充电器断开充电通路。
结合第一方面至第三种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述若三项中至少一项的检测结果为是，断开充电器的充电通路，还包括：
发出告警提示信息，所述告警提示信息包括声音信息和文本信息。
结合第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，所述发出告警提示信息包括：
调用所述被充电设备的显示装置显示表示所述被充电设备发生充电异常的文本信息，以及调用所述被充电设备的发声装置发出声音信息。
本发明实施例第二方面提供了一种充电保护装置，包括：电压检测单元、电流检测单元、温度检测单元、电源管理单元、温度传感器和Micro USB接口，其中，
所述电压检测单元与所述Micro USB接口的D+引脚、D-引脚和ID引脚连接，用于读取所述D+引脚、D-引脚和ID引脚上的电流是否属于预设的电流区间；
所述电流检测单元分别与所述Micro USB接口的VBUS引脚连接，用于检测所述VBUS引脚上的电流是否小于预设的电流阈值；
所述温度检测单元与所述温度传感器连接，用于获取所述温度传感器测量的温度，根据所述获取到的温度检测所述Micro USB接口的温升是否大于预设的温升阈值；
所述充电管理单元分别与所述电压检测单元、电流检测单元和所述温度检测单元连接，用于若所述电压检测单元、电流检测单元和温度检测单元中一项或多项的检测结果为是，断开所述充电器的充电通路。
结合第二方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述充电管理单元还用于：
通过D+引脚或D-引脚向充电器发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述充电器断开充电通路。
结合第二方面，在第二种可能的实现方式中，还包括：MOS晶体管和二极管，所述MOS晶体管的栅极与所述充电管理单元连接，所述MOS晶体管的漏极接地，所述MOS晶体管的源极与所述Micro USB接口的VBUS引脚连接，所述二极管的阴极连接所述MOS晶体管的漏极。
结合第二方面至第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，还包括电容，所述电容一端连接VBUS引脚，另一端接地。
结合第二方面至第三种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述充电管理单元还用于：向被充电设备发送告警指示信息，所述告警指示信息用于指示所述被充电设备使用所述显示设备显示用于表示所述被充电设备发生充电异常的文本信息，以及指示所述被充电设备使用发声装置发出声音信息。
实施本发明，具有如下有益效果：
通过测量充电接口的充电电压、充电电流和温升，在充电电压、充电电流和温升中的一种或多种发生异常时，能在充电接口发生高温损坏前及时断开充电器的充电通路，能有效避免充电接口的损坏。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施 例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种充电保护方法的流程示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种充电保护装置的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种充电接口的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的一种充电保护装置的另一结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参见图1，为本发明实施例提供的一种充电保护方法的流程示意图，在本发明实施例中，所述方法包括：
S101、读取被充电设备的充电接口的充电电压、充电电流和温升。
具体的，充电器通过充电保护装置与被充电设备连接，充电器和被充电设备分别设置有相互配合的充电接口，充电保护装置通过被充电设备的充电接口与被充电设备连接。充电器与被充电设备连接并开始充电时，充电保护装置读取充电接口上的充电电压、充电电流和温升。其中，被充电设备可以是智能手机、平板电脑或影音娱乐设备等，本发明不作限制。
充电接口至少包括电源引脚和接地引脚，充电器通过电源引脚和接地引脚向被充电设备充电，充电保护装置可以通过充电接口中的电源引脚读取充电接口的充电电压，在电源引脚上串接一个电阻，读取电阻上的充电电流；温升指的是被充电接口在预设时间间隔内温度的增加值。
S102、检测所述充电电压是否不属于预设的电压区间，检测所述充电电流是否小于预设的电流阈值，以及检测所述温升是否大于预设的温升阈值。
具体的，充电保护装置检测读取到的充电电压是否不属于预设的电压区间，检测读取到的充电电流是否小于预设的电流阈值，以及检测读取到的温升 是否大于预设的温升阈值，其中，预设的温升阈值可以根据被充电设备除充电接口以外的其他部位的温升确定。
示例性的，预设的电压区间为【2.5V，5.5V】，预设的电流阈值为1.8A，预设的温升阈值为3℃/min，充电保护装置读取充电接口的充电电压为6V，读取充电接口的充电电流为1A，读取的充电接口的温升为5℃/min，充电保护装置检测到充电接口的充电电压不属于预设的电压区间，充电接口的充电电流小于预设的电流阈值，充电接口的温升大于预设的温升阈值。
S103、若三项中至少一项的检测结果为是，断开充电器的充电通路。
具体的，如果满足以下条件中的一项或多项：充电电压不属于预设的电压区间、充电电流小于电流阈值、温升不大于预设的温升阈值，充电保护电路电流充电器的充电通路，具体为：充电保护装置判断满足上述条件中的任意一个时，充电保护装置断开充电器的充电通路；或充电保护装置确定满足上述条件中的任意两个时，充电保护装置断开充电器的充电通路；或者充电保护装置确定满足上述三个条件时，充电保护装置断开充电器的充电通路。
其中充电保护装置可以在被充电侧断开充电通路，也可以指示充电器在本地断开充电通路。
实施本发明的实施例，通过测量充电接口的充电电压、充电电流和温升，在充电电压、充电电流和温升中的一种或多种发生异常时，及时断开充电器的充电通路，能有效避免充电接口的损坏。
可选的，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述充电接口为微型通用串行总线Micro USB接口，所述检测所述充电电压是否不属于预设的电压区间，检测所述充电电流是否小于预设的电流阈值，以及检测所述温升是否大于预设的温升阈值包括：
检测所述Micro USB接口的D-引脚、D+引脚或ID引脚上的电压是否不属于所述电压区间，检测所述Micro USB接口的VBUS引脚上的电流是否小于所述电流阈值，以及获取所述Micro USB接口设置的温度传感器测量的温度，并根据所述获取的温度检测所述充电接口的温升是否大于所述温升阈值。
具体的，被充电设备上的充电接口为Micro USB接口，Micro USB接口可以用作充电接口或数据接口，包含5个引脚，分别为：VBUS引脚：电源引脚， D+引脚：正数据引脚，D-引脚：负数据引脚，ID(Identity，身份)引脚：保留引脚，ground引脚：信号地引脚，被充电设备上的Micro USB接口和充电器的Micro USB接口相互配合，一个是公头，另一个为母头，充电器的Micro USB接口插入到被充电设备的Micro USB接口时，充电器为被充电设备开始充电。
充电保护装置检测到充电器通过Micro USB接口连接被充电设备，且充电器输出电源时，充电保护装置测量被充电设备上的Micro USB接口的D-引脚、D+引脚或ID引脚上的电压，检测电压是否不属于阈值的电压阈值；充电保护装置测量被充电设备上的Micro USB接口的VBUS引脚的电流，检测电流是否小于预设的电流阈值；温度传感器设置在Micro USB接口的旁边，为了获得良好的热传导，温度传感器紧靠Micro USB接口的金属部件，充电保护装置获取温度传感器测量的温度，根据获取的温度检测Micro USB接口的温升是否大于预设的温升阈值。
可选的，在本发明的一些实施例中，断开充电器的充电通路包括：控制充电器在所述Micro USB的VBUS引脚上传输的电流通过MOS管接地。
具体的，充电保护装置设有一个MOS(Metal Oxid Semiconductor，金属氧化物半导体，简称MOS)管，VBUS引脚通过MOS管接地，充电保护装置需要关闭充电器的充电通路时，向MOS管的栅极加载开启电压，这样，充电器从VBUS引脚上传输的电流会通过MOS接地。其中，充电保护装置也可以通过继电器来实现VBUS引脚上传输的电流的强制接地。
可选的，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述断开充电器的充电通路包括：
通过所述D+引脚或所述D-引脚向所述充电器发送断路指示信息，所述断路指示信息用于指示所述充电器断开充电通路。
具体的，充电器支持高压快充协议，当充电接口发生异常时，充电保护装置向充电器发送断路指示信息，指示充电器关闭电源输出。充电保护装置通过Micro USB接口的D+引脚或D-引脚与充电器进行交互，充电器在成功关闭电源输出时，向充电保护装置返回响应消息。
需要说明的是，充电保护装置向充电器发送断路指示消息后，如果充电器没有成功断开充电通路，充电保护装置控制充电器在Micro USB的VBUS引 脚上传输的电流通过MOS管接地。充电保护装置判断充电器是否成功断开充电通路的方法可以是：如果充电保护装置在预设的时长内未接收到充电器返回的表示断路成功的响应消息，表明充电器没有成功断开充电通路；或充电器检测被充电设备的充电接口的充电电压是否不属于预设的电压区间，检测所述充电电流是否小于预设的电流阈值，以及检测所述温升是否大于预设的温升阈值，若三项中任意一项或多项的检测结果为是，表明充电器没有成功断开充电通路。
其中，Micro USB接口可能因为高温或进水等原因，D-引脚和D+引脚开路，充电保护装置和充电器之间无法进行信息交互，充电保护装置采取的策略为：充电保护装置通过D+引脚或D-引脚向充电器发送预设次数的断路指示消息，若在预设时长内未接收到充电器返回的响应消息，充电保护装置在被充电设备侧强制将VBUS引脚接地。
其中，充电保护装置可以在检测充电电压或充电电流异常，而温升没有发生异常时，发出告警提示信息，不关闭充电器的充电通路，告警提示信息包括声音信息或文本信息，例如，文本信息为：充电异常，请拔掉充电器。
可选的，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述若三项中至少一项的检测结果为是，断开充电器的充电通路，还包括：
发出告警提示信息，所述告警提示信息包括声音信息和文本信息。
具体的，充电保护装置可以指示被充电设备发出告警提示信息，也可以本地发出告警提示信息
可选的，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述发出告警提示信息包括：
调用所述被充电设备的显示装置显示表示所述被充电设备发生充电异常的文本信息，以及调用所述被充电设备的发声装置发出声音信息。
具体的，充电保护设备向被充电设备发送表示充电异常的通知，被充电装置接收到通知后，在显示屏上显示发生充电异常的文本信息，同时将音量调节到最大，通过扬声器发出声音提示。
实施本发明的实施例，通过测量充电接口的充电电压、充电电流和温升，在充电电压、充电电流和温升中的一种或多种发生异常时，及时断开充电器的充电通路，能有效避免充电接口的损坏。
参见图2，为本发明实施例提供的一种充电保护装置的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，充电保护装置1包括：充电管理单元10、电压监测单元11、温度检测单元12、电流检测单元13、温度传感器14和Micro USB接口15，其中，被充电设备通过自带的Micro USB接口15和充电器2自带的Micro USB接口20连接，电压检测单元11与Micro USB接口15的D+引脚、D-引脚和ID引脚连接，用于读取所述D+引脚、D-引脚和ID引脚上的电流是否属于预设的电流区间；电流检测单元13分别与Micro USB接口15的VBUS引脚连接，用于检测VBUS引脚15上的电流是否小于预设的电流阈值；温度检测单元12与温度传感器14连接，用于获取温度传感器14测量的温度，根据所述获取到的温度检测Micro USB接口15的温升是否大于预设的温升阈值，其中，温度传感器14设置在Micro USB接口15的附近；充电管理单元10分别与电压检测单元11、电流检测单元13和温度检测单元12连接，用于若电压检测单元11、电流检测单元13和温度检测单元12中一项或多项的检测结果为是，断开充电器2的充电通路。
充电器2包括Micro USB接口20和电源管理芯片21，充电器2的Micro USB接口20与被充电设备的Micro USB接口15相互配合，如图3所示，Micro USB接口15为母头，Micro USB接口20为公头，温度传感器14设置在Micro USB接口15的附近。充电保护单元1断开充电器2的充电通路的方法可以是：在被充电设备侧断开充电器2的充电通路，或者指示充电器断开本地的充电通路，充电保护装置1在充电通路断开之后，向被充电设备发送表示充电异常的通知，被充电装置接收到通知后，在显示屏上显示发生充电异常的文本信息，同时将音量调节到最大，通过扬声器发出声音提示。
可选的，在本发明的一些实施例中，充电管理单元10还用于：通过D+引脚或D-引脚向充电器2发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示充电器2断开充电通路。
可选的，如图4所示，在本发明的一些实施例中，充电保护装置1还包括：MOS晶体管Q和二极管D，MOS晶体管Q的栅极与充电管理单元10连接，MOS晶体管Q的漏极接地，MOS晶体管Q的源极与Micro USB接口15的VBUS引脚连接，二极管D的阴极连接MOS晶体管Q的漏极，二极管D的样机连接MOS晶体管的源极。
具体的，充电管理单元10在确定充电电压、充电电流和温升中的一种或多种发生异常时，通过MOS晶体管Q的栅极加载开启电压，使充电器2通过VBUS引脚的电源输出接地，这样被充电设备不会加载充电器2的充电电源。
可选的，在本发明的一些实施例中，充电保护装置1还包括电容C，电容C一端连接VBUS引脚，另一端接地。
可选的，在本发明的一些实施例中，充电管理单元10还用于：向被充电设备发送告警指示信息，所述告警指示信息用于指示所述被充电设备使用所述显示设备显示用于表示所述被充电设备发生充电异常的文本信息，以及指示所述被充电设备使用发声装置发出声音信息。
其中，充电保护装置1可以位于被充电设备中，为被充电设备中的一部分，充电保护装置也可以与被充电设备彼此独立的，本发明不作限制。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明一种较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程，并依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属于发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种充电保护方法，其特征在于，包括：
    测量被充电设备的充电接口的充电电压、充电电流和温升；
    检测所述充电电压是否不属于预设的电压区间，检测所述充电电流是否小于预设的电流阈值，以及检测所述温升是否大于预设的温升阈值；
    若三项中任意一项或多项的检测结果为是，断开充电器的充电通路。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充电接口为微型通用串行总线Micro USB接口，所述检测所述充电电压是否不属于预设的电压区间，检测所述充电电流是否小于预设的电流阈值，以及检测所述温升是否大于预设的温升阈值包括：
    检测所述Micro USB接口的负数据D-引脚、正数据D+引脚或身份ID引脚上的电压是否不属于所述电压区间，检测所述Micro USB接口的电源总线VBUS引脚上的电流是否小于所述电流阈值，以及获取所述Micro USB接口设置的温度传感器测量的温度，并根据所述获取的温度检测所述充电接口的温升是否大于所述温升阈值。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述断开充电器的充电通路包括：
    控制所述充电器在所述Micro USB的VBUS引脚上传输的电流通过金属氧化物半导体MOS管接地。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的方法，所述断开充电器的充电通路包括：
    通过所述D+引脚或所述D-引脚向所述充电器发送断路指示信息，所述断路指示信息用于指示所述充电器断开充电通路。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述若三项中至少一项的检测结果为是，断开充电器的充电通路，还包括：
    发出告警提示信息，所述告警提示信息包括声音信息和文本信息。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发出告警提示信息包括：
    调用所述被充电设备的显示装置显示表示所述被充电设备发生充电异常的文本信息，以及调用所述被充电设备的发声装置发出声音信息。
  7. 一种充电保护装置，其特征在于，包括：电压检测单元、电流检测单元、温度检测单元、电源管理单元、温度传感器和Micro USB接口，其中，
    所述电压检测单元与所述Micro USB接口的D+引脚、D-引脚和ID引脚连接，用于读取所述D+引脚、D-引脚和ID引脚上的电流是否属于预设的电流区间；
    所述电流检测单元分别与所述Micro USB接口的VBUS引脚连接，用于检测所述VBUS引脚上的电流是否小于预设的电流阈值；
    所述温度检测单元与所述温度传感器连接，用于获取所述温度传感器测量的温度，根据所述获取到的温度检测所述Micro USB接口的温升是否大于预设的温升阈值；
    所述充电管理单元分别与所述电压检测单元、电流检测单元和所述温度检测单元连接，用于若所述电压检测单元、电流检测单元和温度检测单元中一项或多项的检测结果为是，断开所述充电器的充电通路。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述充电管理单元还用于：通过D+引脚或D-引脚向充电器发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述充电器断开充电通路。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括：MOS晶体管和二极管，所述MOS晶体管的栅极与所述充电管理单元连接，所述MOS晶体管的漏极接地，所述MOS晶体管的源极与所述Micro USB接口的VBUS引脚连接，所述二极管的阴极连接所述MOS晶体管的漏极。
  10. 如权利要求7-9所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括电容，所述电容一 端连接VBUS引脚，另一端接地。
  11. 如权利要求6-10任意一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述充电管理单元还用于：向被充电设备发送告警指示信息，所述告警指示信息用于指示所述被充电设备使用所述显示设备显示用于表示所述被充电设备发生充电异常的文本信息，以及指示所述被充电设备使用发声装置发出声音信息。
PCT/CN2014/095733 2014-12-31 2014-12-31 一种充电保护方法和装置 Ceased WO2016106616A1 (zh)

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