WO2016110256A1 - 显示装置、立体显示装置及其应用的终端 - Google Patents

显示装置、立体显示装置及其应用的终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016110256A1
WO2016110256A1 PCT/CN2016/070299 CN2016070299W WO2016110256A1 WO 2016110256 A1 WO2016110256 A1 WO 2016110256A1 CN 2016070299 W CN2016070299 W CN 2016070299W WO 2016110256 A1 WO2016110256 A1 WO 2016110256A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
display device
filter
transparent substrate
disposed
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2016/070299
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周炯
李昆
初大平
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Cambridge Enterprise Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Cambridge Enterprise Ltd
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Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd, Cambridge Enterprise Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP16734916.6A priority Critical patent/EP3244259B1/en
Priority to JP2017553300A priority patent/JP2018503144A/ja
Priority to KR1020177021684A priority patent/KR20170104526A/ko
Publication of WO2016110256A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016110256A1/zh
Priority to US15/643,218 priority patent/US10302958B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G02B30/28—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays involving active lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
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    • G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/24—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type involving temporal multiplexing, e.g. using sequentially activated left and right shutters
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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F2201/52—RGB geometrical arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to display technology, and more particularly to a display device, a stereoscopic display device, and a terminal thereof.
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a terminal for a display device, a stereoscopic display device, and an application thereof, which can reduce scattering of light.
  • the present invention provides a display device including: a display panel and a light collimation module, the display panel includes an RGB pixel array, and the RGB pixel array includes a plurality of spaced apart RGB sub-pixels, the RGB sub-pixel
  • the pixel is a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel
  • the light collimation module includes a control electrode layer, a first transparent substrate, a liquid crystal layer and a second transparent substrate, and the control electrode layer is disposed in the RGB
  • the first transparent substrate is disposed on the display panel and covers the control electrode
  • the liquid crystal layer is disposed on the first transparent substrate
  • the second transparent substrate is disposed on the liquid crystal layer.
  • the invention provides a light collimation module on the display panel, thereby collecting scattered light rays emitted from the display panel, thereby reducing light scattering, thereby improving light utilization efficiency of the display device and improving display brightness and effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a display device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a display device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of a display device in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the structure of a display device in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a state of liquid crystal molecules before and after an electric field is applied by an electro-optical modulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of light emission of a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of light emission of a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of different display states of a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a view showing the electrode distribution of the photoelectric modulation unit in the stereoscopic display device of the embodiment of the present invention in Fig. 5.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a stereoscopic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a display device 100.
  • the display device 100 includes a display panel 110 and a light collimation module 120.
  • the display panel 110 includes a transparent substrate 111 and an RGB pixel array 114.
  • the RGB sub-pixels are a plurality of spaced-apart RGB sub-pixels, and the RGB sub-pixels are a red sub-pixel 114a, a green sub-pixel 114b, and a blue sub-pixel 114c.
  • the light collimation module 120 includes a control electrode layer 121, and a first transparent substrate.
  • the control electrode layer 121 is disposed in an interval between the RGB sub-pixels or a position on the display panel 110 corresponding to an interval between the RGB sub-pixels Wherein, the interval between the RGB sub-pixels is at a position where the front projection of the display panel 110 is located, and the first transparent substrate 123 is disposed on the display panel 110 and covers the control electrode 121.
  • the liquid crystal layer 125 is disposed on the first transparent substrate 123, and the second transparent substrate 127 is disposed on the liquid crystal layer 125.
  • the present invention gathers the scattered light rays emitted from the display panel 110 to reduce the scattering of light, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency of the display device and improving the display brightness and effect.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a display device 200 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device 200 includes a display panel 210 and a light collimation module 220.
  • the display panel 210 includes a transparent bottom plate 211, and the color filter is disposed on the transparent bottom plate 211.
  • the sheet 212, the color filter 212 includes an array of arranged red filters 212a, green filters 212b, and blue filters 212c. A certain distance is set between the red color filter 212a, the green color filter 212b, and the blue color filter 212c.
  • the light collimation module 220 includes a control electrode layer 221, a first transparent substrate 223, a liquid crystal layer 225, and a second transparent substrate 227.
  • the control electrode layer 221 is embedded in the transparent substrate 211 and corresponds to the gap between the filters of the color filter 210, that is, the red filter 212a, the green filter 212b, and the blue filter 212c. That is, the control electrode layer 221 is disposed at a specific position in the transparent bottom plate 211, and the specific position is between the red color filter 212a, the green color filter 212b, and the blue color filter 212c.
  • the position of the gap is projected in the transparent bottom plate 211, and the orthographic projection is a projection in a direction perpendicular to the display panel 210, that is, a direction indicated by an arrow X.
  • the position of the control electrode layer 221 in the transparent substrate 211 in the direction of the arrow X is not limited.
  • an additional transparent substrate is disposed above the color filter 210, that is, a transparent substrate disposed on the other side of the color filter 210 corresponding to the transparent substrate 211
  • the control electrode 211 can also be disposed in the additional transparent substrate or on the transparent substrate.
  • the control electrode layer 221 is made of a transparent, translucent, black or opaque conductive material, which may be a conductive ink.
  • the control electrode layer 221 may be printed by inkjet, nano-coating, atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition, Plasma source assisted deposition is formed.
  • the material of the conductive ink is indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), carbon nanotube (CNT) or graphite.
  • the first transparent substrate 223 is disposed on the display panel 210, that is, disposed on the color filter 212.
  • the setting includes directly placing the first transparent substrate 223 on the color filter 212, and also includes the first transparent substrate. 223 is disposed on the color filter 212 by a layer of dielectric material.
  • the liquid crystal layer 225 is disposed on the first transparent substrate 223, and the liquid crystal layer 225 forms a liquid crystal microlens array of an IPS (In-Plane Switching) through the electric field generated by the control electrode layer 221.
  • the liquid crystal microlens array constitutes a light collimating structure and gathers the originally diverged rays together to increase the intensity of the light when it is emitted.
  • the second transparent substrate 227 is disposed on the liquid crystal layer 225 for protecting the liquid crystal layer 225.
  • the present invention is transparently disposed at a position corresponding to a gap between the red color filter 212a, the green color filter 212b, and the blue color filter 212c of the color filter 212 of the display panel 210.
  • the translucent, black/opaque electrode combined with the liquid crystal layer 225 disposed on the color filter 212, constitutes a liquid crystal microlens array type light collimating structure, thereby reducing the light scattering phenomenon of the display device 200. Make the image display better and the brightness is higher.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of a display device 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device 300 includes a display panel 310 and a light collimation module 320.
  • the display panel 310 includes a transparent substrate 311.
  • the transparent substrate 311 is provided with a color filter 312, and an RGB pixel array 314 disposed on the color filter 312.
  • Color filter 312 The red filter 312a, the green filter 312b, the blue filter 312c, the red filter 312a, the green filter 312b, and the blue filter 312c are arranged in an array. spacing.
  • the pixel array 314 includes a plurality of RGB sub-pixels, that is, a red sub-pixel 314a, a green sub-pixel 314b, and a blue sub-pixel 314c, and the red sub-pixel 314a, the green sub-pixel 314b, and the blue sub-pixel 314c are respectively
  • the red filter 312a, the green filter 312b, and the blue filter 312c of the filter 312 are aligned, and the edges of the respective filters are aligned with the edges of the respective sub-pixels.
  • the light collimation module 320 includes a control electrode layer 321, a first transparent substrate 323, a liquid crystal layer 325, and a second transparent substrate 327.
  • the control electrode layer 321 is embedded in the color filter 312 and located between the filters of the color filter 312, that is, the red filter 312a, the green filter 312b, and the blue filter 312c. Within the interval, that is, the control electrode layer 321 is disposed at a specific position in the color filter 312, and the specific position is the red color filter 312a, the green color filter 312b, and the blue color filter.
  • the gap between the sheets 312c is projected at a position in the color filter 312, and the orthographic projection is a projection in a direction perpendicular to the display panel 310, that is, a direction indicated by an arrow X.
  • the position of the control electrode layer 321 in the transparent substrate 311 in the direction of the arrow X is not limited.
  • an additional transparent substrate is disposed above the color filter 312, that is, a transparent substrate disposed on the other side of the color filter 312 corresponding to the transparent substrate 311
  • the control electrode layer 321 may also be disposed in the additional transparent substrate or on the transparent substrate.
  • the control electrode layer 321 is made of a transparent, translucent, black or opaque conductive material, which may be a conductive ink, and the control electrode layer 321 may be printed by inkjet, nano-coating, atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition, plasma source. Auxiliary deposition is formed.
  • the material of the conductive ink is indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), carbon nanotube (CNT) or graphite.
  • the first transparent substrate 323 is disposed on the display panel 310, that is, disposed on the pixel array 314.
  • the setting includes directly disposing the first transparent substrate 323 on the pixel array 314, and also includes passing the first transparent substrate 323 through a layer of media.
  • the material is disposed on the color filter 312.
  • the liquid crystal layer 325 is disposed on the first transparent substrate 323, and the liquid crystal layer 325 forms a liquid crystal microlens array of an IPS (In-Plane Switching) through the electric field generated by the control electrode layer 321.
  • the liquid crystal microlens array constitutes a light collimating structure and gathers the originally diverged rays together to increase the intensity of the light when it is emitted.
  • the second transparent substrate 327 is disposed on the liquid crystal layer 325 for protecting the liquid crystal layer 325.
  • the present invention is transparently disposed at a position corresponding to a gap between the red color filter 312a, the green color filter 312b, and the blue color filter 312c of the color filter 312 of the display panel 310.
  • the translucent, control electrode layer, and the liquid crystal layer 325 disposed on the color filter 312 constitute a liquid crystal microlens array type light collimating structure, thereby reducing the scattering phenomenon of the emitted light of the display device 300, The image display is better and the brightness is higher.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a structure of a display device 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device 400 includes a display panel 410 and a light collimation module 420.
  • the display panel 410 includes a color light-emitting substrate 412 composed of an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), and a transparent encapsulation layer 413.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • the color light-emitting substrate 412 includes a red light-emitting unit 412a, a green light-emitting unit 412b, a blue light-emitting unit 412c, a red light-emitting unit 412a, a green light-emitting unit 412b, and a blue light-emitting unit 412c.
  • the transparent encapsulation layer 413 is disposed on the periphery of the red illumination unit 412a, the green illumination unit 412b, and the blue illumination unit 412c for protecting the illumination units.
  • the light collimation module 420 includes a control electrode layer 421, a first transparent substrate 423, a liquid crystal layer 425, and a second transparent substrate 427.
  • the control electrode layer 421 is disposed on the transparent encapsulation layer 413 and corresponds to an interval between the light emitting units of the color light emitting substrate 410, that is, the red light emitting unit 412a, the green light emitting unit 412b, and the blue light emitting unit 412c, that is, the control
  • the electrode layer 421 is disposed at a specific position on the transparent encapsulation layer 413, and the specific position is the red light emitting unit 412a, the green light emitting unit 412b, and the gap between the blue light emitting units 412c is projected on the transparent
  • the position on the encapsulation layer 413 is a projection in a direction perpendicular to the display panel 410, that is, a direction indicated by the arrow X.
  • control electrode layer 421 can also be embedded at a specific position of the transparent encapsulation layer 413.
  • the specific position is the red illumination unit 412a, the green illumination unit 412b, and the blue illumination unit.
  • the gap between 412c is for the location in the transparent encapsulation layer 413.
  • the position of the control electrode layer 421 in the transparent encapsulation layer 413 in the direction of the arrow X is not limited.
  • the control electrode layer 421 is made of a transparent, translucent, black or opaque conductive material, that is, in a transparent, translucent, black or opaque state, the conductive material may be a conductive ink, and the control electrode layer 421 may be printed by inkjet.
  • the material of the conductive ink is indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), carbon nanotube (CNT) or graphite.
  • the first transparent substrate 423 and the control electrode layer 421 are disposed on the transparent encapsulation layer 413 of the display panel 410.
  • the arrangement includes directly disposing the first transparent substrate 423 on the transparent encapsulation layer 413, and also includes the first transparent substrate 423.
  • the transparent encapsulation layer 413 is disposed through a layer of dielectric material.
  • the liquid crystal layer 425 is disposed on the first transparent substrate 423, and the liquid crystal layer 425 forms a liquid crystal microlens array of an IPS (In-Plane Switching) through the electric field generated by the control electrode layer 421.
  • the liquid crystal microlens array constitutes a light collimating structure and gathers the originally diverged rays together to increase the intensity of the light when it is emitted.
  • the second transparent substrate 427 is disposed on the liquid crystal layer 425 for protecting the liquid crystal layer 425.
  • the present invention sets a control electrode layer at a corresponding position of a gap between the red light emitting unit 412a, the green light emitting unit 412b, and the blue light emitting unit 412c of the color light emitting substrate 412 of the display panel 430, and is combined with the setting.
  • the liquid crystal layer 425 on the encapsulation layer 413 constitutes a liquid crystal microlens
  • the array type light collimating structure reduces the scattering of the outgoing light of the display device 400, so that the image display effect is better and the brightness is higher.
  • a stereoscopic display device 500 for displaying display devices 100, 200, 300, and 400 of the present invention includes: a display device 100, 200, 300 or 400 and a stereoscopic imaging layer 520 for realizing stereoscopic imaging, wherein the stereoscopic image
  • the imaging layer 520 is disposed on the second transparent substrate 127, 227, 327 or 427 of the uppermost layer of the display device 100, 200, 300 or 400.
  • the stereoscopic imaging layer 520 includes a plurality of electro-optic modulation units 521 disposed in color filters 112, 212, 312 in the display device 100 or 200 or 300 or a color illumination substrate 412 in the display device 400, respectively.
  • a plurality of sub-pixels that is, positions corresponding to the RGB sub-pixels, for alternately deflecting light rays of the image displayed by the plurality of pixel units to different projection directions according to the applied electric field E of the time-division change, to present the stereoscopic image, For example, a stereoscopic image that can be seen by the naked eye is generated on the center depth plane.
  • the plurality of electro-optic modulation units may be disposed directly on the pixel unit or at a position that completely covers or covers a plurality of pixel units, for example, a certain interval (space) between the pixel unit and the electro-optic modulation unit. Or spacers (fillers, separators, insulation boards, etc.)
  • the electro-optic modulation unit 521 may be composed of liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal can change the refractive index after applying an electric field, and the different electric fields can correspond to different refractive indexes, that is, the liquid crystal is used to form an electrically adjustable prism array in the electro-optic modulation layer.
  • the electrooptic modulation layer may be composed of other crystal materials capable of changing the refractive index when an electric field is applied, for example, may be composed of a strontium silicate crystal.
  • the electro-optical modulation unit 521 may arrange electrodes on two opposite planes of the liquid crystal, and apply an electric field to the liquid crystal by applying a voltage to the electrodes, wherein the liquid crystal included in each electro-optic modulation unit is applied The electric field is followed by a microlens, and the plurality of electrical modulation units form a microlens array.
  • 6 is a schematic diagram of a state of liquid crystal molecules before and after an electric field is applied by an electro-optical modulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are rod-shaped and uniaxial, and the longitudinal direction of the rod is the long-axis direction.
  • liquid crystal molecules aligned in one plane have their long axes pointing in a specific direction without applying a voltage.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are redirected, that is, mechanically rotated, thereby shifting the phase of the incident light. This mechanical rotation is caused by the torque generated by the applied voltage induced dipole moment.
  • the liquid crystal molecules shown in Fig. 6 are the same as those employed in the liquid crystal layer of the display device provided in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present invention.
  • the corresponding viewing direction of the different projection methods may include a left-eye viewing direction (for example, the solid arrow in FIG. 7)
  • the direction of the pointing) and the direction of the right eye for example, the direction indicated by the dotted arrow in FIG. 7
  • the embodiment according to the present invention is not limited thereto, for example, different viewing directions may include multiple left eye observations.
  • the applied electric field is such that the image of each direction is displayed with all pixels in the time of the visual persistence.
  • the time division method used when applying an electric field to a plurality of pixel units can be consistent with the time division manner used when the display panel displays images of different projection directions, so that the human eye can observe the three-dimensional representation of the plurality of pixel units in different viewing directions. image.
  • each pixel unit displays an image of a first projection direction (for example, corresponding to a right eye observation direction), and an electro-optical modulation unit corresponding to the pixel unit is applied according to the An electric field deflects the light emitted by the pixel unit to a first projection direction
  • the pixel unit displays an image of a second projection direction (eg, corresponding to a left-eye viewing direction)
  • the electro-optic modulation unit is applied according to the The second electric field deflects the light emitted by the pixel unit to a second projection direction.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention may display images in different directions in a time division manner, and deflect the light of the image displayed by the plurality of pixel units to different directions according to the applied electric field of the time division change, so that each direction is presented.
  • the resolution of the image is the entire pixel unit of the display panel, thereby improving the resolution of the autostereoscopic display.
  • the electro-optic modulation layer also causes the display panel to present a two-dimensional image without applying an electric field.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of different display states of a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal in the case where the first electric field is applied, the liquid crystal forms a prism under the action of the first electric field to deflect the light generated after the backlight is incident on the display panel to the right eye viewing direction.
  • the liquid crystal in the case where a second electric field is applied, the liquid crystal forms a prism under the action of the second electric field to deflect the light generated after the backlight is incident on the display panel to the left eye viewing direction.
  • the liquid crystal will not deflect the light without applying an electric field, in which case a two-dimensional image can be presented.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to displaying an image of the same projection direction in all the pixel units in the same time period, for example, in the first period, the first partial pixel unit displays an image in the first projection direction, and The two-part pixel unit displays an image of the second projection direction, and in the second period, the first partial pixel unit displays the image of the second projection direction, and the second partial pixel unit displays the image of the first projection direction, as long as the image can be persisted in the human eye It is sufficient to observe the images displayed by all the pixel units in different observation directions, in other words, as long as the sum of the first time period and the second time period is less than the time of the human eye vision persistence.
  • each view of the binocular stereo disparity is displayed, and the display panel is not spatially divided as in the conventional technical solution, and thus, compared with the conventional technology Have a higher resolution.
  • the glass cover may be covered over the stereoscopic imaging layer, and other media may be disposed between the display panel and the electro-optic modulation layer and between the electro-optic modulation layer and the cover glass as needed.
  • Embodiments of the present invention may provide a special control module to control the display panel to display images of different projection directions in a time division manner, and control the electric field applied on the electro-optic modulation unit to change in a time division manner to display corresponding images in different projection directions. Thereby forming a stereoscopic image that can be observed by the naked eye.
  • the plurality of electro-optic modulation units are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixel units
  • the electro-optic modulation layer comprises: an electro-optic modulation medium layer, the electro-modulation medium layer comprises an electro-optic modulation medium, and has a light-emitting surface and a light-incident surface; An electrode layer comprising an electrode on a light exiting surface of the electro-optic modulation medium layer; a second electrode layer comprising an electrode on a light incident surface of the electro-optic modulation medium layer, wherein each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units comprises an electro-optic light Modulating an electro-optic modulation medium in the dielectric layer, at least one first electrode in the first electrode layer, and at least one second electrode in the second electrode layer, the electro-optic modulation medium according to the at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode
  • the electric field formed by the received voltage configuration deflects the light of the image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to
  • the above electrode may be made of a transparent conductive material, for example, a transparent conductive material such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO).
  • the electro-optic modulation medium may include a crystalline material such as a liquid crystal or a lithium niobate crystal, that is, the electro-optic modulation medium layer may be a liquid crystal layer or other crystal layer.
  • the at least one second electrode may be a continuous ITO transparent conductive film.
  • a transparent conductive film electrode is distributed over the inner surface of the cap plate and above the electrolyte substrate, in addition to being used to generate an electric field, and is also used to separate the display panel and the liquid crystal layer.
  • Embodiments of the present invention may provide an adjustable liquid crystal prism for each pixel, that is, a pixel level adjustable liquid crystal prism. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention are capable of eliminating crosstalk between pixels.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units comprises: at least two first electrodes for respectively receiving at least two voltages, at least one second electrode serving as a common electrode for receiving a reference Voltage.
  • the at least two first electrodes may be a series of conductive stripes, which may be uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed, as long as the effect of enabling the electro-optical modulation unit to generate a microlens or a linear phase when receiving a voltage is can.
  • a potential difference between the voltage received on each of the first electrodes and the reference voltage forms a corresponding electric field in the liquid crystal layer.
  • the reference voltage can be, for example, 0V.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units comprises a plurality of first electrodes for respectively receiving a plurality of voltages, wherein at least two of the plurality of voltages are different, such that the electro-optic modulation medium Generating an off-axis lens under the action of an electric field formed by a plurality of voltages received by the plurality of first electrodes and a reference voltage received by the at least one second electrode as a common electrode for light
  • the line is deflected to a preset projection direction.
  • each electro-optic modulation unit may include four first electrodes, one of which is located at an edge of the pixel unit, and the received voltages are V1, V2, V3, and V4, respectively.
  • Each electro-optic modulation unit may include more than four or less than four first electrodes. The smoothing characteristics of the liquid crystal make the four electrodes sufficient to produce an approximately smooth phase distribution.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units comprises two first electrodes and a resistive film connected between the two first electrodes, the two first electrodes being for receiving two respectively a voltage in which two voltages are different such that the electro-optic modulation medium produces a linear phase tilt under the action of an electric field formed by two voltages received by the two first electrodes and a reference voltage received by the at least one second electrode as a common electrode
  • the function of the lens to deflect light to a preset projection direction.
  • the two first electrodes may be two conductive stripes of ITO material disposed along two opposite edges of each electro-optic modulation unit and maintaining a predetermined spacing from the first electrode of the adjacent electro-optic modulation unit.
  • the continuous resistive film may be made of a transparent material having a specific resistivity and connected between the two conductive stripes to produce a continuously varying voltage distribution on the resistive film when the two first electrodes receive different voltages, a continuously varying voltage
  • the potential difference between the distribution and the reference voltage produces a continuously varying electric field distribution in the liquid crystal layer covered by the resistive film, and the continuously varying electric field distribution causes the liquid crystal corresponding to the resistive film to produce a lens having a linear phase tilt for the light to be used Deflection to the preset projection direction.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units is formed in a first period according to a first voltage configuration received between the at least two first electrodes and the at least one second electrode as a common electrode
  • An electric field that deflects light of an image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to the electro-optic modulation medium to a first projection direction and receives between the at least two first electrodes and at least one second electrode as a common electrode in a second period of time
  • An electric field formed by the second voltage configuration deflects light of an image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to the electro-optic modulation medium to a second projection direction, wherein the first voltage configuration is different from the second voltage configuration for the first time period and the second time
  • the time period forms an electric field that changes in time.
  • the common electrode receives the reference voltage
  • the at least two first electrodes respectively receive the respective voltages in the first time period and the second time period.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units comprises two first electrodes and a resistive film connected between the two first electrodes, the two first electrodes respectively for receiving two a voltage in which two voltages are different, and each electro-optic modulation unit shares a first electrode with an adjacent electro-optic modulation unit such that the electro-optic modulation medium receives two voltages at the two first electrodes and at least one second as a common electrode
  • the function of the electric field formed by the reference voltage received by the electrode produces a lens having a linear phase tilt for deflecting the light to a predetermined projection direction.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units is in the first time Segmenting, according to a first voltage configuration received between the two first electrodes and the at least one second electrode as the common electrode, deflecting light of an image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to the electro-optic modulation medium to a first projection direction
  • the second period is configured to deflect the light of the image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to the electro-optic modulation medium to the second projection direction according to the second voltage configuration received between the two first electrodes and the at least one second electrode as the common electrode
  • the adjacent electro-optical modulation unit supplies the electro-optic modulation medium with the adjacent electro-optic modulation unit according to a second voltage configuration received between the two first electrodes of the adjacent electro-optic modulation unit and the at least one second electrode as the common electrode in the first period of time
  • the light of the image displayed by the corresponding pixel unit is deflected to the second projection direction, and the first voltage received between the two first electrodes of the
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units comprises at least two second electrodes, the arrangement direction of the at least two second electrodes being different from the arrangement direction of the at least two first electrodes At least two first electrodes, when the stereoscopic display device is in the first direction, the at least two first electrodes respectively receive at least two voltages, the at least two second electrodes receive the reference voltage as a common electrode, and are in the stereoscopic display device In the two directions, the at least two first electrodes receive the reference voltage as a common electrode, and receive at least two voltages when the stereoscopic display device is in the second direction, and the at least two second electrodes respectively receive the at least two voltages.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units comprises a plurality of second electrodes for respectively receiving a plurality of voltages, wherein at least two of the plurality of voltages are different, such that the electro-optic modulation medium Generating an off-axis lens under the action of an electric field formed by a plurality of voltages received by the plurality of second electrodes and a reference voltage received by the at least two first electrodes as a common electrode for deflecting the light to a predetermined projection direction.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units comprises two second electrodes and a resistive film connected between the two second electrodes, the two second electrodes for receiving two respectively a voltage in which two voltages are different such that the electro-optic modulation medium produces a linear phase tilt under the action of an electric field formed by two voltages received by the two second electrodes and a reference voltage received by the at least two first electrodes as a common electrode
  • the function of the lens to deflect the light to a preset projection direction.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units is in accordance with a third voltage configuration received between the at least two first electrodes as the common electrode and the at least two second electrodes in the third period, Deviating the light of the image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to the electro-optic modulation medium to the third projection direction, and according to the fourth period, receiving the fourth between the at least two first electrodes as the common electrode and the at least two second electrodes a voltage configuration that deflects light of an image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to the electro-optic modulation medium to a fourth projection direction, wherein the third voltage configuration is different from the fourth voltage configuration, so that The third time period and the fourth time period form an electric field that varies in time.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units comprises two second electrodes and a resistive film connected between the two second electrodes, the two second electrodes respectively for receiving two a voltage in which two voltages are different, and each electro-optic modulation unit shares a second electrode with an adjacent electro-optic modulation unit such that the two voltages received by the electro-optic modulation medium at the two second electrodes and at least two of the common electrodes
  • the function of the electric field formed by the reference voltage received by an electrode produces a lens having a linear phase tilt for deflecting the light to a predetermined projection direction.
  • each of the plurality of electro-optic modulation units is in a third period according to a third voltage configuration received by the two first electrodes and at least two second electrodes as a common electrode, and the electro-optical
  • the light of the image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to the modulation medium is deflected to the third projection direction, and in the fourth period according to the fourth voltage configuration received on the two first electrodes and the two second electrodes as the common electrode,
  • the light of the image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to the modulation medium is deflected to the fourth projection direction
  • the adjacent electro-optic modulation unit is according to the two first electrodes and the at least two second electrodes as the common electrodes of the adjacent electro-optic modulation unit in the third period a fourth voltage configuration received between the electrodes, deflecting light of an image displayed by the pixel unit corresponding to the electro-optic modulation medium of the adjacent electro-optic modulation unit to a fourth projection direction, and according to the second period of the adjacent electro
  • the width of each electro-optic modulation unit may be less than or equal to 75 ⁇ m.
  • each electro-optic modulation unit may be less than or equal to 25 ⁇ m.
  • the electro-optic modulation unit comprises a number of electrodes greater than the number of pixel units per unit length in at least one direction of the stereoscopic display device.
  • the electro-optic modulation unit corresponding to each pixel unit contains more than one electrode.
  • the light emitted by the display panel 110, 210, 310 or 410 in the display device 100, 200, 300 or 400 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is incident after being collimated by the light collimation module 120, 220, 320 or 420.
  • the electro-optical modulation unit 521 is directly corresponding, so that the light received by the electro-optic modulation unit 521 is more concentrated and higher in intensity. Accordingly, the intensity of the light emitted through the photoelectric modulation unit 521 is higher, that is, the brightness is higher.
  • the imaging effect of the stereoscopic display device 500 can be effectively improved.
  • a stereoscopic display device 1000 to which the display device 100, 200, 300 or 400 of the present invention is applied includes: a display device 100, 200, 300 or 400 and a stereoscopic imaging layer 1020 for realizing stereoscopic imaging, the stereoscopic imaging layer 1020 is disposed on the second transparent substrate 127, 227, 327 or 427 of the uppermost layer of the display device 100, 200, 300 or 400.
  • the stereoscopic imaging layer includes at least two lens layers, and for ease of description, FIG. 10 shows only two lens layers 1021 and 1023.
  • the two lens layers 1021 and 1023 are superposed on positions corresponding to the RGB pixel arrays in the color filters 112, 212, 312 or the color light-emitting substrate 412 in the display device 100, 200, 300, 400, for
  • the applied time-varying electric field deflects the light rays of the image displayed by the pixel array of the lens component to different projection directions.
  • the light of the image displayed by the pixel array is alternated by controlling the switching time of the electric field of the time division change applied by the at least two lens layers and the switching time of the image of the same scene taken from the two different shooting angles of the pixel array time division display.
  • the different projection directions correspond to the left eye viewing direction and the right eye viewing direction of at least two observers.
  • the human eye Since the human eye has a time of persistence of vision, as long as the light of the image displayed by all the pixels in the display panel is deflected to a plurality of viewing directions within the visual retention time of the human eye, a stereoscopic image for a plurality of people to view with the naked eye can be generated.
  • the at least two lens layers may be disposed directly on the pixel array or at a position that completely covers or covers a plurality of pixels, for example, a certain interval (space)/or spacer between the pixel array and the lens layer ( Fillers, partitions, insulation boards, etc.).
  • the lens layer may be composed of liquid crystal (LC).
  • the liquid crystal can change the refractive index after applying an electric field, and different electric fields can correspond to different refractive indexes, that is, liquid crystal is used to form an electrically tunable prism array in the lens layer.
  • the lens layer may be composed of other crystal materials capable of changing the refractive index when an electric field is applied, for example, may be composed of a strontium silicate crystal.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are capable of providing a plurality of people to simultaneously view a three-dimensional stereoscopic image by providing at least two layers of lens layers for deflecting light of an image displayed by the pixel array to different projection directions according to an applied electric field of time-varying variation.
  • the pixel array is specifically for displaying an image taken from two shooting angles in a time division manner to present a stereoscopic image in every two projection directions.
  • a stereoscopic image is presented in every two projection directions corresponding to each observer.
  • the electric field applied by the lens layer is required to deflect the light of all the pixel display images to a plurality of different projection directions during the time of the visual persistence.
  • the time division manner used when the display panels 110, 210, 310, 410 display images taken at different shooting angles should correspond to the electric field of the time division change applied by at least two lens layers, so that each of the plurality of observers What the two eyes see during the visual persistence time are the images of the same scene taken from the two shooting angles displayed by all the pixels in the display panel, that is, three-dimensional high-resolution three-dimensional observations can be observed in different viewing directions.
  • Stereo image is
  • At least two lens layers may be an N-layer lens layer for each of the pixel arrays in 2 N preset time periods according to an applied electric field of time-varying change
  • the rays of the image displayed by the pixels are alternately deflected to 2 N different projection directions, where N is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the time-varying electric field applied to at least two layers of the lens layer may be synchronously switched at intervals of a predetermined period of time.
  • the electric field applied to the at least two lens layers is simultaneously switched every time a predetermined period of time elapses.
  • the time-varying electric fields applied to the at least two lens layers may be alternately switched at intervals of a predetermined period of time.
  • the switching period of the time-varying electric field applied to each of the lens layers is at least two of the predetermined periods, and the switching frequency of the electric field applied to the time-division variation of each lens layer can be reduced, which is easier to implement and the lens can be extended. The life of the layer.
  • the switching electric field is applied to the lens layer on the first layer, the electric field on the remaining N-1 layer is applied to the lens layer remains unchanged;
  • the first switch is applied The electric field on the m-layer lens layer, the electric field applied to the remaining N-1 layer lens layer remains unchanged, wherein the m-th lens layer is any layer of the N-layer lens layer except the first lens layer Lens layer.
  • the electrically tunable liquid crystal lens can guide the light beam to an arbitrary angle within a viewing angle range.
  • a relatively thick liquid crystal layer is required.
  • the switching speed of the LC lens is inversely proportional to the square of the thickness of the LC lens, a thicker LC layer means that the switching speed is slower.
  • the stereoscopic display device of the embodiment of the present invention at least two lens layers are used to project light into at least two observers in a time-sequential manner, and the use of the at least two lens layers causes loss of light.
  • the loss of light due to the scattering of light is extremely large. Therefore, the display device 100 of the present invention is The light collimation modules 120, 220, 320, 420 in 200, 300, 400 gather the scattered light and project it onto the two lens layers, thereby improving the utilization of light without increasing the energy consumption of the display device. In the multi-view stereoscopic display device, a better display effect can still be obtained.
  • a terminal comprising: the display device described in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, or the stereoscopic display device described in the embodiment of Figure 5 or Figure 10.
  • the terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention can provide a better display effect.

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Abstract

一种显示装置（100），立体显示装置及其应用的终端。所述显示装置（100）包括：显示面板（110）以及光线准直模块（120），所述显示面板（110）包括RGB像素阵列（114），所述RGB像素阵列（114）中包括多个间隔设置的RGB像素，所述光线准直模块（120）包括有控制电极层（121），第一透明基板（123）、液晶层（125）以及第二透明基板（127），所述控制电极层（121）设置在所述RGB像素之间的间隔内或者所述显示面板（110）上对应于所述RGB像素之间的间隔的位置处，所述第一透明基板（123）设置在所述显示面板（110）上并覆盖所述控制电极层（121），所述液晶层（125）设置在所述第一透明基板（123）上，所述第二透明基板（127）设置在所述液晶层（125）上。

Description

显示装置、立体显示装置及其应用的终端 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术，尤其是涉及一种显示装置、立体显示装置及其应用的终端。
背景技术
目前，业界广泛使用的LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)显示器以及OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode)显示器，均需要通过调整三原色，红，绿，蓝(RGB)的混合比例来达到现实多种不同颜色的图像的目的。然而，经过研究发现，无论是LCD还是OELD显示技术，光线从RGB滤光片或是RGB发光单元中射出是均会产生较大散射，即，具有较大的发散角，如图1中所示，这种光线的散射会导致串扰，尤其在采用液晶转向结构的3D显示装置中，由于这种光线的散射，会导致较为严重的光线损失，即亮度不足。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供了一种显示装置、立体显示装置及其应用的终端，能够减少光线的散射。
第一方面，本发明提供一种显示装置，其包括：显示面板以及光线准直模块，所述显示面板包括RGB像素阵列，RGB像素阵列中包括多个间隔设置的RGB子像素，所述RGB子像素为红色子像素，绿色子像素及蓝色子像素，所述光线准直模块包括有控制电极层，第一透明基板、液晶层以及第二透明基板，所述控制电极层设置在所述RGB子像素之间的间隔内或者所述显示面板上对应于所述RGB子像素之间的间隔的位置处，所述第一透明基板设置在所述显示面板上并覆盖所述控制电极，所述液晶层设置在所述第一透明基板上，所述第二透明基板设置在所述液晶层上。
本发明通过在显示面板上设置光线准直模块，从而将从显示面板出射的散射光线聚拢，减少光线的散射，从而提高显示装置的光线利用率，提高显示亮度和效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
图2是根据本发明的另一个实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
图3是根据本发明的第三个实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
图4是根据本发明的第四个实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
图5是根据本发明的一个实施例的立体显示装置的结构示意图。
图6是根据本发明的实施例的电光调制单元施加电场前后的液晶分子状态的示意图。
图7是图5中本发明的一个实施例的一种立体显示装置的光线出射示意图。
图8是根据本发明的实施例的立体显示装置的不同显示状态的示意图。
图9是图5中本发明的实施例的立体显示装置中的光电调制单元的电极分布示意图。
图10是根据本发明的另一个实施例的立体显示装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种显示装置100，该显示装置100包括，显示面板110以及光线准直模块120，所述显示面板110包括有透明底板111及RGB像素阵列114，RGB像素阵列中包括多个间隔设置的RGB子像素，所述RGB子像素为红色子像素114a，绿色子像素114b及蓝色子像素114c，所述光线准直模块120包括有控制电极层121，第一透明基板123、液晶层125以及第二透明基板127，所述控制电极层121设置在所述RGB子像素之间的间隔内或者所述显示面板110上对应于所述RGB子像素之间的间隔的位置处，即，所述RGB子像素之间的间隔在所述显示面板110的正投影所在位置处，所述第一透明基板123设置在所述显示面板110上并覆盖所述控制电极121，所述液晶层125设置在所述第一透明基板123上，所述第二透明基板127设置在所述液晶层125上。
本发明通过在显示面板110上设置光线准直模块120，从而将从显示面板110出射的散射光线聚拢，减少光线的散射，从而提高显示装置的光线利用率，提高显示亮度和效果。
以下，通过多个实施例来进行详细说明。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的一种显示装置200的结构示意图。
显示装置200包括有，显示面板210以及光线准直模块220。
所述显示面板210上包括透明底板211，透明底板上211上设置有彩色滤光 片212，彩色滤光片212包括有阵列式排布的红色滤光片212a，绿色滤光片212b，蓝色滤光片212c。所述红色滤光片212a，绿色滤光片212b，蓝色滤光片212c之间设置一定间距。
所述光线准直模块220包括控制电极层221，第一透明基板223，液晶层225以及第二透明基板227。控制电极层221嵌置在所述透明底板211内，并且与彩色滤光片210的滤光片，即红色滤光片212a，绿色滤光片212b，蓝色滤光片212c之间的间隙对应，即所述控制电极层221设置在所述透明底板211中特定的位置处，所述特定的位置为所述红色滤光片212a，绿色滤光片212b，蓝色滤光片212c之间的间隙正投影在所述透明底板211中的位置，所述的正投影为沿垂直于述显示面板210的方向，即，箭头X所指的方向的投影。此外，所述控制电极层221在所述透明底板211中的沿所述箭头X方向的位置并不限制。此外，对应的如果在所述彩色滤光片210的上方设置额外的一层透明底板时，即与所述透明底板211相对应地设置在所述彩色滤光片210的另外一侧的透明底板时，所述控制电极211也可以设置在该额外的透明底板内或者透明底板上。该控制电极层221为透明，半透明，黑色或者不透明的导电材料构成，该导电材料可以是导电油墨，该控制电极层221可以通过喷墨打印，纳米涂层，原子层沉积，化学气相沉积，等离子源辅助沉积方式形成。其中，导电油墨的材料为铟锡氧化物(ITO)，铟锌氧化物(IZO)，碳纳米管(CNT)或石墨。
所述第一透明基板223设置在显示面板210上，即设置在彩色滤光片212上，该设置包括直接将第一透明基板223设置在彩色滤光片212上，也包括将第一透明基板223通过一层介质材料设置在彩色滤光片212上。
所述的液晶层225设置在第一透明基板223上，该液晶层225通过所述控制电极层221所产生的电场形成一个单面电极结构(IPS，In-Plane Switching)的液晶微透镜阵列，该液晶微透镜阵列组成了一个光线准直结构，及将原本发散的光线聚拢在一起，从而提高光线出射时的强度。
所述第二透明基板227设置在液晶层225上，用于保护所述液晶层225。
如图所示，本发明通过在所述显示面板210的彩色滤光片212的红色滤光片212a，绿色滤光片212b，蓝色滤光片212c之间的间隙所对应的位置处设置透明，半透明，黑色/不透明的电极，并结合设置在彩色滤光片212上的液晶层225构成一个液晶微透镜阵列型的光线准直结构，从而减小了显示装置200的出射光线散射现象，使得图像显示效果更好，亮度更高。
图3是根据本发明的一个实施例的一种显示装置300的结构示意图。
显示装置300包括有，显示面板310以及光线准直模块320。
所述显示面板310上包括透明底板311，透明底板上311上设置有彩色滤光片312，以及设置在所述彩色滤光片312上的RGB像素阵列314。彩色滤光片312 包括有阵列式排布的红色滤光片312a，绿色滤光片312b，蓝色滤光片312c，所述红色滤光片312a，绿色滤光片312b，蓝色滤光片312c之间设置一定间距。所述像素阵列314包括多个RGB子像素，即红色子像素314a，绿色子像素314b，以及蓝色子像素314c，所述红色子像素314a，绿色子像素314b，以及蓝色子像素314c分别与所述滤光片312中的红色滤光片312a，绿色滤光片312b，蓝色滤光片312c对准，所述各个滤光片的边缘与所述各个子像素的边缘对齐。
所述光线准直模块320包括控制电极层321，第一透明基板323，液晶层325以及第二透明基板327。控制电极层321嵌置在所述彩色滤光片312内，并且位于彩色滤光片312的滤光片，即红色滤光片312a，绿色滤光片312b，蓝色滤光片312c之间的间隔内，即所述控制电极层321设置在所述彩色滤光片312内中特定的位置处，所述特定的位置为所述红色滤光片312a，绿色滤光片312b，蓝色滤光片312c之间的间隙正投影在所述彩色滤光片312中的位置，所述的正投影为沿垂直于述显示面板310的方向，即，箭头X所指的方向的投影。此外，所述控制电极层321在所述透明底板311中的沿所述箭头X方向的位置并不限制。此外，对应的如果在所述彩色滤光片312的上方设置额外的一层透明底板时，即与所述透明底板311相对应地设置在所述彩色滤光片312的另外一侧的透明底板时，所述控制电极层321也可以设置在该额外的透明底板内或者透明底板上。控制电极层321为透明，半透明，黑色或者不透明的导电材料构成，该导电材料可以是导电油墨，控制电极层321可以通过喷墨打印，纳米涂层，原子层沉积，化学气相沉积，等离子源辅助沉积方式形成。其中，导电油墨的材料为铟锡氧化物(ITO)，铟锌氧化物(IZO)，碳纳米管(CNT)或石墨。
所述第一透明基板323设置在显示面板310上，即设置像素阵列314上，该设置包括直接将第一透明基板323设置在像素阵列314上，也包括将第一透明基板323通过一层介质材料设置在彩色滤光片312上。
所述的液晶层325设置在第一透明基板323上，该液晶层325通过所述控制电极层321所产生的电场形成一个单面电极结构(IPS，In-Plane Switching)的液晶微透镜阵列，该液晶微透镜阵列组成了一个光线准直结构，及将原本发散的光线聚拢在一起，从而提高光线出射时的强度。
所述第二透明基板327设置在液晶层325上，用于保护所述液晶层325。
如图所示，本发明通过在所述显示面板310的彩色滤光片312的红色滤光片312a，绿色滤光片312b，蓝色滤光片312c之间的间隙所对应的位置处设置透明，半透明，控制电极层，并结合设置在彩色滤光片312上的液晶层325构成一个液晶微透镜阵列型的光线准直结构，从而减小了显示装置300的出射光线的散射现象，使得图像显示效果更好，亮度更高。
图4是根据本发明的一个实施例的一种显示装置400的结构示意图。
显示装置400包括有，显示面板410以及光线准直模块420。
所述显示面板410上包括由有机发光二级管(OLED，Organic Light-Emitting Diode)构成的彩色发光底板412，以及透明封装层413。
彩色发光底板412包括有阵列式排布的红色发光单元412a，绿色发光单元412b，蓝色发光单元412c，所述红色发光单元412a，绿色发光单元412b，蓝色发光单元412c之间设置一定间距。所述透明封装层413设置在所述红色发光单元412a，绿色发光单元412b，蓝色发光单元412c外围，用于保护所述各发光单元。
所述光线准直模块420包括控制电极层421，第一透明基板423，液晶层425以及第二透明基板427。控制电极层421设置在所述透明封装层413上，并且与彩色发光底板410的发光单元，即红色发光单元412a，绿色发光单元412b，蓝色发光单元412c之间的间隔对应，即所述控制电极层421设置在所述透明封装层413上特定的位置处，所述特定的位置为所述红色发光单元412a，绿色发光单元412b，蓝色发光单元412c之间的间隙正投影在所述透明封装层413上的位置，所述的正投影为沿垂直于述显示面板410的方向，即，箭头X所指的方向的投影。可以理解，所述的控制电极层421也可以嵌置在所述透明封装层413的特定的位置处，所述特定的位置处为所述红色发光单元412a，绿色发光单元412b，蓝色发光单元412c之间的间隙正对于所述透明封装层413中的位置。此外，所述控制电极层421在所述透明封装层413中的沿所述箭头X方向的位置并不限制。该控制电极层421为透明，半透明、黑色或者不透明的导电材料构成，即呈透明、半透明、黑色或者不透明的状态，该导电材料可以是导电油墨，该控制电极层421可以通过喷墨打印，纳米涂层，原子层沉积，化学气相沉积，等离子源辅助沉积方式形成。其中，导电油墨的材料为铟锡氧化物(ITO)，铟锌氧化物(IZO)，碳纳米管(CNT)或石墨。
所述第一透明基板423及控制电极层421设置在显示面板410的透明封装层413上，该设置包括直接将第一透明基板423设置在透明封装层413上，也包括将第一透明基板423通过一层介质材料设置在透明封装层413上。
所述的液晶层425设置在第一透明基板423上，该液晶层425通过所述控制电极层421所产生的电场形成一个单面电极结构(IPS，In-Plane Switching)的液晶微透镜阵列，该液晶微透镜阵列组成了一个光线准直结构，及将原本发散的光线聚拢在一起，从而提高光线出射时的强度。
所述第二透明基板427设置在液晶层425上，用于保护所述液晶层425。
如图所示，本发明通过在所述显示面板430的彩色发光底板412的红色发光单元412a，绿色发光单元412b，蓝色发光单元412c之间的间隙的对应位置设置控制电极层，并结合设置在封装层413上的液晶层425构成一个液晶微透镜 阵列型的光线准直结构，从而减少显示装置400的出射光线散射现象，使得图像显示效果更好，亮度更高。
请参阅图5，为应用本发明显示装置100、200、300及400的立体显示装置500包括：显示装置100、200、300或400以及实现立体成像的立体成像层520，其中，所述的立体成像层520设置在所述显示装置100、200、300或400最上层的第二透明基板127、227、327或427上。
所述的立体成像层520包括多个电光调制单元521，分别布置在与所述显示装置100或200或300中的彩色滤光片112、212、312或者显示装置400中的彩色发光底板412中的多个子像素，即RGB子像素对应的位置，用于根据所施加的时分变化的电场E，将多个像素单元显示的图像的光线交替地偏转至不同的投射方向，以在呈现立体图像，例如，在中心深度平面上产生裸眼能够看到的立体图像。
例如，上述多个电光调制单元可以直接设置在像素单元上，或者设置在完整覆盖或者包覆多个像素单元的位置处，例如，在像素单元与电光调制单元之间有一定间隔(空间)/或者间隔物(填充物，隔板、绝缘板等。)
根据本发明的实施例，电光调制单元521可以由液晶构成。液晶在施加电场后能够改变折射率，不同的电场可以对应于不同的折射率，即采用液晶在电光调制层形成电可调的棱镜阵列。当光线通过施加了电场的液晶时，出射光的相位差会随着外加电场的变化而变化。本发明的实施例并不限于此，电光调制层也可以由施加电场时能够改变折射率的其它晶体材料构成，例如，可以由锂酸铌晶体构成。
根据本发明的实施例，所述电光调制单元521可以在液晶的两个相对的平面上布置电极，并且通过给电极施加电压来给液晶施加电场，其中，每个电光调制单元包括的液晶在施加电场之后相当于一个微透镜，多个电调制单元形成微透镜阵列。图6是根据本发明的实施例的电光调制单元施加电场前后的液晶分子状态的示意图。例如，参见图6中的(a)，对于列向型液晶材料来说，液晶分子是棒状的并且是单轴的，棒状的纵向为长轴方向。参见图6中的(b)，在一个平面内排列的液晶分子，在没有施加电压的情况下，其长轴指向特定的方向。参见图6中的(c)，在所施加的电压超过液晶的阈值电压时，液晶分子会被重定向，即进行机械旋转，从而使得入射光线的相位发生偏移。这种机械旋转是由施加的电压诱导偶极距产生的扭矩所引起的。需要注意的是，图6中所示的液晶分子与本发明在图1、2、3、4中所提供的显示装置中的液晶层所采用的液晶分子相同。
形成立体图像，需要在对应人的双眼所在位置投射不同的光线，不同的投射方法对应的观察方向可以包括一个左眼观察方向(例如，图7中的实线箭头 所指的方向)和一个右眼观察方向(例如，图7中的虚线箭头所指的方向)，根据本发明的实施例并不限于此，例如，不同的观察方向可以包括多个左眼观察方向和多个右眼观察方向，以供多人同时观看立体图像。
例如，为了使得立体显示装置呈现出来的立体图像的分辨率为全部像素单元，所施加的电场要满足在视觉暂留的时间内用全部像素显示每个方向的图像。给多个像素单元施加电场时所采用的时分方式可以与显示面板显示不同投射方向的图像时所采用的时分方式一致，使得人眼可以在不同的观察方向上观察到多个像素单元呈现的立体图像。以两个投射方向为例，在第一时段，每个像素单元显示第一投射方向(例如，对应于右眼观察方向)的图像，而与该像素单元对应的电光调制单元根据所施加的第一电场将该像素单元发出的光线偏转至第一投射方向，在第二时段，该像素单元显示第二投射方向(例如，对应于左眼观察方向)的图像，而该电光调制单元根据所施加的第二电场将该像素单元发出的光线偏转至第二投射方向。
本发明的实施例的技术方案可以按照时分方式显示不同方向的图像，并且根据所施加的时分变化的电场，将多个像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至不同的方向，使得每个方向上呈现的图像的分辨率为显示面板的全部像素单元，从而提高了自由立体显示的分辨率。
根据本发明的实施例，电光调制层还在未施加电场的情况下使得显示面板呈现二维图像。
图8是根据本发明的实施例的立体显示装置的不同显示状态的示意图。参见图8中的(a)，在施加第一电场的情况下，液晶在第一电场的作用下形成棱镜，以将背光射入显示面板后产生的光线偏转至右眼观察方向。参见图8中的(b)，在施加第二电场的情况下，液晶在第二电场的作用下形成棱镜，以将背光射入显示面板后产生的光线偏转至左眼观察方向。参见图8中的(c)，在没有施加电场的情况下，液晶将不会使光线偏转，在这种情况下，可以呈现二维的图像。
应理解的是，本发明的实施例并不限于所有像素单元在同一时段显示相同投射方向的图像，例如，也可以是在第一时段，第一部分像素单元显示第一投射方向的图像，而第二部分像素单元显示第二投射方向的图像，在第二时段，第一部分像素单元显示第二投射方向的图像，第二部分像素单元显示第一投射方向的图像，只要能够在人眼视觉暂留的时间内在不同观察方向观察到所有像素单元显示的图像即可，换句话说，只要第一时段与第二时段之和小于人眼视觉暂留的时间即可。
根据本发明的实施例，每次显示的是双目立体视差的一个视野(view)，而没有像常规技术方案那样将显示面板进行空间分割，因此，相比常规技术具 有较高的分辨率。
应理解的是，在具体实现时，可以在立体成像层上方覆盖玻璃盖板，并且显示面板和电光调制层之间以及电光调制层与玻璃盖板之间可以根据需要设置其它介质。
本发明的实施例可以设置专门的控制模块控制显示面板按时分方式显示不同投射方向的图像，同时控制电光调制单元上施加的电场按照时分方式变化，以在不同的投射方向上显示相应的图像，从而形成裸眼能够观察到的立体图像。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元与多个像素单元一一对应，电光调制层包括：电光调制介质层，电调制介质层包括电光调制介质，并且具有出光面以及入光面；第一电极层，包括位于电光调制介质层的出光面的电极；第二电极层，包括位于电光调制介质层的入光面的电极，其中多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元包括位于电光调制介质层中的电光调制介质、位于第一电极层中的至少一个第一电极和位于第二电极层中的至少一个第二电极，电光调制介质根据至少一个第一电极与至少一个第二电极之间接收的电压配置所形成的电场，将电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至预设的投射方向，用于将光线偏转至预设的投射方向。
根据本发明的实施例，上述电极可以由透明导电材料制成，例如，可以是氧化铟锡(Indium Tin Oxide，ITO)之类的透明导电材料。电光调制介质可以包括液晶或铌酸锂晶体等晶体材料，即电光调制介质层可以是液晶层或其它晶体层。上述至少一个第二电极可以是连续的ITO透明导电膜。例如，透明导电膜电极分布在盖板的内表面和电解质基板的上方，除了用于产生电场，还用于分隔显示面板和液晶层。本发明的实施例可以针对每个像素上设置可调液晶棱镜，即设置像素级别的可调液晶棱镜。因此，本发明的实施例能够消除像素之间的串扰现象。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元包括：至少两个第一电极，用于分别接收至少两个电压，至少一个第二电极作为公共电极，用于接收参考电压。
上述至少两个第一电极可以是一系列导电条纹，这些导电条纹可以均匀分布，也可以非均匀分布，只要布置成在接收电压时能够使得电光调制单元产生微透镜的效果或者线性相位的效果即可。每个第一电极上接收的电压与参考电压之间的电势差在液晶层形成相应的电场。参考电压例如可以是0V。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元包括多个第一电极，用于分别接收多个电压，其中多个电压中的至少两个电压不同，使得电光调制介质在多个第一电极接收的多个电压与作为公共电极的至少一个第二电极接收的参考电压所形成的电场的作用下产生离轴透镜的功能，用于将光 线偏转至预设的投射方向。
根据本发明的实施例，通过调整这些电极上接收的电压，可以在液晶层中产生电场，从而给液晶层促生一个需要的相位配置。不同的相位配置取决于不同的电压配置和电极分布。例如，请参阅图9，每个电光调制单元可以包括4个第一电极，其中一个电极位于像素单元的边缘，接收的电压分别为V1、V2、V3和V4。每个电光调制单元包括的第一电极可以多于4个或少于4个。液晶的平滑特性使得4个电极足以产生近似平滑的相位分布。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元包括两个第一电极和连接在两个第一电极之间的电阻膜，两个第一电极用于分别接收两个电压，其中两个电压不同，使得电光调制介质在两个第一电极接收的两个电压与作为公共电极的至少一个第二电极接收的参考电压所形成的电场的作用下产生具有线性相位倾斜的透镜的功能，用于将光线偏转至预设的投射方向。
例如，两个第一电极可以是ITO材料制成的两个导电条纹，沿每个电光调制单元的两个相对的边缘布置，并且与相邻电光调制单元的第一电极保持预设的间隔。连续电阻膜可由具有特定电阻率的透明材料制成，连接在两个导电条纹之间，以便在两个第一电极接收不同的电压时在电阻膜上产生连续变化的电压分布，连续变化的电压分布与参考电压之间的电势差在电阻膜覆盖的液晶层中产生连续变化的电场分布，连续变化的电场分布使与该电阻膜对应的液晶产生具有线性相位倾斜的透镜的功能，用于将光线偏转至预设的投射方向。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元在第一时段根据至少两个第一电极与作为公共电极的至少一个第二电极之间接收的第一电压配置所形成的电场，将与电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第一投射方向，并在第二时段根据至少两个第一电极与作为公共电极的至少一个第二电极之间接收的第二电压配置所形成的电场，将与电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第二投射方向，其中第一电压配置不同于第二电压配置，以便在第一时段和第二时段形成时分变化的电场。
例如，公共电极接收参考电压，至少两个第一电极在第一时段和第二时段分别接收相应的电压。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元包括两个第一电极和连接在两个第一电极之间的电阻膜，两个第一电极分别用于接收两个电压，其中两个电压不同，并且每个电光调制单元与相邻电光调制单元共用一个第一电极，使得电光调制介质在两个第一电极接收的两个电压与作为公共电极的至少一个第二电极接收的参考电压所形成的电场的作用下产生具有线性相位倾斜的透镜的功能，用于将光线偏转至预设的投射方向。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元在第一时 段根据两个第一电极与作为公共电极的至少一个第二电极之间接收的第一电压配置，将与电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第一投射方向，并在第二时段根据两个第一电极与作为公共电极的至少一个第二电极之间接收的第二电压配置，将与电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第二投射方向，并且相邻电光调制单元在第一时段根据相邻电光调制单元的两个第一电极与作为公共电极的至少一个第二电极之间接收的第二电压配置，将与相邻电光调制单元的电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第二投射方向，并在第二时段根据相邻电光调制单元的两个第一电极与作为公共电极的至少一个第二电极之间接收的第一电压配置，将与相邻电光调制单元的电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第一投射方向，其中第一电压配置不同于第二电压配置，以便在第一时段和第二时段形成时分变化的电场。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元包括至少两个第二电极，至少两个第二电极的排布方向与至少两个第一电极的排布方向不相同，至少两个第一电极在立体显示装置处于第一方向时，至少两个第一电极分别接收至少两个电压，至少两个第二电极作为公共电极接收参考电压，并且在立体显示装置处于第二方向时，至少两个第一电极作为公共电极接收参考电压，并且在立体显示装置处于第二方向时接收至少两个电压，至少两个第二电极分别接收至少两个电压。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元包括多个第二电极，用于分别接收多个电压，其中多个电压中的至少两个电压不同，使得电光调制介质在多个第二电极接收的多个电压与作为公共电极的至少两个第一电极接收的参考电压所形成的电场的作用下产生离轴透镜的功能，用于将光线偏转至预设的投射方向。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元包括两个第二电极和连接在两个第二电极之间的电阻膜，两个第二电极用于分别接收两个电压，其中两个电压不同，使得电光调制介质在两个第二电极接收的两个电压与作为公共电极的至少两个第一电极接收的参考电压所形成的电场的作用下产生具有线性相位倾斜的透镜的功能，用于将光线偏转至预设的投射方向。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元在第三时段根据作为公共电极的至少两个第一电极与至少两个第二电极之间接收的第三电压配置，将与电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第三投射方向，并在第四时段根据作为公共电极的至少两个第一电极与至少两个第二电极之间接收的第四电压配置，将与电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第四投射方向，其中第三电压配置不同于第四电压配置，以便在 第三时段和第四时段形成时分变化的电场。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元包括两个第二电极和连接在两个第二电极之间的电阻膜，两个第二电极分别用于接收两个电压，其中两个电压不同，并且每个电光调制单元与相邻电光调制单元共用一个第二电极，使得电光调制介质在两个第二电极接收的两个电压与作为公共电极的至少两个第一电极接收的参考电压所形成的电场的作用下产生具有线性相位倾斜的透镜的功能，用于将光线偏转至预设的投射方向。
根据本发明的实施例，多个电光调制单元中的每个电光调制单元在第三时段根据两个第一电极与作为公共电极的至少两个第二电极接收的第三电压配置，将与电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第三投射方向，并在第四时段根据作为公共电极的两个第一电极与两个第二电极上接收的第四电压配置，将与电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第四投射方向，并且相邻电光调制单元在第三时段根据相邻电光调制单元的作为公共电极的两个第一电极与至少两个第二电极之间接收的第四电压配置，将与相邻电光调制单元的电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第四投射方向，并在第四时段根据相邻电光调制单元的两个第一电极与作为公共电极的两个第二电极之间接收的第三电压配置，将与相邻电光调制单元的电光调制介质对应的像素单元显示的图像的光线偏转至第三投射方向，其中第三电压配置不同于第四电压配置，以便在第三时段和第四时段形成时分变化的电场。
根据本发明的实施例，每个电光调制单元的宽度可以小于等于75μm。
可选地，作为另一实施例，每个电光调制单元的宽度可以小于等于25μm。
根据本发明的实施例，在立体显示装置的至少一个方向上的单位长度内，电光调制单元所包含的电极的数量大于像素单元的数量。换句话说，每个像素单元对应的电光调制单元包含的电极数量多于一个。
而对应的，本发明实施例中提供的显示装置100、200、300或400中由显示面板110、210、310或410出射的光线经过光线准直模块120、220、320或420准直之后入射直对应的电光调制单元521，从而使得电光调制单元521接收到的光线更集中，强度更高，相应地，经过光电调制单元521出射的光线的强度也更高，即亮度也更高，如此，便可有效的提高立体显示装置500的成像效果。
请参阅图10，为应用本发明显示装置100、200、300或400的立体显示装置1000包括：显示装置100、200、300或400以及实现立体成像的立体成像层1020，所述的立体成像层1020设置在所述显示装置100、200、300或400最上层的第二透明基板127、227、327或427上。所述立体成像层包括至少两个透镜层，为了便于描述，图10仅示出了两个透镜层1021及1023。
两层透镜层1021和1023叠加设置在与显示装置100、200、300、400中的彩色滤光片112、212、312或者彩色发光底板412中的RGB像素阵列所对应的位置，用于根据所施加的时分变化的电场，将通过透镜部件的像素阵列显示的图像的光线偏转到不同的投射方向。
例如，通过控制至少两层透镜层所施加的时分变化的电场的切换时间和像素阵列时分显示的从两个不同拍摄角度拍摄的同一场景的图像的切换时间，将像素阵列显示的图像的光线交替偏转到不同的投射方向，以在每个观察者对应的每两个投射方向上呈现立体图像。该不同的投射方向对应至少两个观察者的左眼观察方向和右眼观察方向。由于人眼存在视觉暂留的时间，只要在人眼的视觉暂留时间内将显示面板中的所有像素显示的图像的光线偏转至多个观察方向，就可产生供多人裸眼观看的立体图像。
上述至少两层透镜层可以直接设置在像素阵列上，或者设置在完整覆盖或者包覆多个像素的位置处，例如，在像素阵列与透镜层之间有一定间隔(空间)/或者间隔物(填充物，隔板、绝缘板等)。
透镜层可以由液晶(liquid crystal，简称LC)构成。液晶在施加电场后能够改变折射率，不同的电场可以对应于不同的折射率，即采用液晶在透镜层形成电可调的棱镜阵列。当光线通过施加了电场的液晶时，出射光的相位差会随着外加电场的变化而变化。本发明的实施例并不限于此，透镜层也可以由施加电场时能够改变折射率的其它晶体材料构成，例如，可以由锂酸铌晶体构成。
本发明的实施例通过设置至少两层透镜层，用于根据所施加的时分变化的电场，将像素阵列显示的图像的光线偏转到不同的投射方向，能够供多人同时观看三维立体图像。
根据本发明的实施例，像素阵列具体用于采用时分方式显示从两个拍摄角度拍摄的图像，以在每两个投射方向上呈现立体图像。
例如，每个观察者对应的每两个投射方向上呈现立体图像。
为了使得立体显示装置1000呈现出来的立体图像的分辨率为全部像素单元，透镜层所施加的电场要满足在视觉暂留的时间内将全部像素显示图像的光线偏转至多个不同的投射方向。显示面板110、210、310、410显示不同拍摄角度拍摄的图像时所采用的时分方式应该与至少两层透镜层所施加的时分变化的电场相对应，使得多个观察者中每个观察者的双眼在视觉暂留时间内看到的分别是显示面板中的全部像素显示的从两个拍摄角度拍摄的同一场景的图像，即可以实现多人在不同的观察方向上观察到高分辨率的三维立体图像。
根据本发明的实施例，至少两层透镜层可以为N层透镜层，该N层透镜层用于根据所施加的时分变化的电场，在2N个预设时段内，将像素阵列中的每个像素显示的图像的光线交替地偏转到2N个不同的投射方向，其中N为大于1的 正整数。
根据本发明的实施例，施加在至少两层透镜层上的时分变化的电场可以间隔预设时段同步切换。换句话说，每经过一个预设时段，同时切换施加在上述至少两层透镜层上的电场。
根据本发明的实施例，施加在至少两层透镜层上的时分变化的电场可以间隔预设时段交替切换。这样施加在每层透镜层上的时分变化的电场的切换周期至少为两个该预设时段，可以降低施加在每层透镜层的时分变化的电场的切换频率，更容易实现，还可以延长透镜层的使用寿命。
例如，在t1时刻，切换施加在第一层透镜层上的电场，施加在其余N-1层透镜层上的电场保持不变；在经过一个预设时段的t2时刻，切换施加在第m层透镜层上的电场，施加在其余N-1层透镜层上的电场保持不变，其中，该第m层透镜层为该N层透镜层中除第一层透镜层之外任意一层透镜层。
在利用电可调液晶的相位特性来实现3D显示的技术中，在可视角度范围内，电可调液晶透镜可以引导光束去任意的角度。为达到单个观察者使用时光束的最小偏转角度，需要比较厚的液晶层。为同时满足多个观察者使用，需要增大光束的最小偏转角度，这需要较厚的LC层来实现。由于LC透镜的切换速度是和LC透镜的厚度的平方成反比，因此较厚的LC层意味着切换速度比较慢。例如，将供一个观察体验的高质量的裸眼3D效果分享到两个观察者，那么显示的刷新率就会被减半因为LC透镜的切换速度是有限的，这样就会减低视频流的质量。
根据本发明实施例的立体显示装置，利用至少两层透镜层使光线在一个时间顺序的方式上投射到至少两个观察者，而所述至少两层透镜层的使用，将会使光线的损失增加，这就需要加大从显示面板110、210、310及410中的出射的光线的强度，然而目前由于光线的散射造成的光线的损失非常的大，因此，通过本发明的显示装置100、200、300、400中的光线准直模块120、220、320、420将散射的光线聚拢后投射至所述的两个透镜层，在无需增加显示装置的能耗的同时提高了光线的利用率，在多视角的立体显示装置中依然能够获得较好的显示效果。
根据本发明的另一实施例提供了一种终端，包括：图1、2、3、4中所述的显示装置，或者图5或图10中的实施例所述的立体显示装置。
根据本发明实施例的终端，能够提供更好的显示效果。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括：显示面板以及光线准直模块，所述显示面板包括有RGB像素阵列，RGB像素阵列中包括多个间隔设置的RGB像素，所述光线准直模块包括有控制电极层，第一透明基板、液晶层以及第二透明基板，所述控制电极层设置在所述RGB像素之间的间隔内或者所述显示面板上对应于所述RGB像素之间的间隔的位置处，所述第一透明基板设置在所述显示面板上覆盖所述控制电极，所述液晶层设置在所述第一透明基板上，所述第二透明基板设置在所述液晶层上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示面板还包括透明底板，所述RGB像素阵列和彩色滤光片，所述彩色滤光片包含阵列式排布的红色滤光片，绿色滤光片，蓝色滤光片，所述红色滤光片，绿色滤光片，蓝色滤光片之间间隔一定间距；所述控制电极层设置在红色滤光片，绿色滤光片，蓝色滤光片之间间隔的上方。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示面板还包括透明底板，所述RGB像素阵列和彩色滤光片，所述彩色滤光片包含阵列式排布的红色滤光片，绿色滤光片，蓝色滤光片；所述红色滤光片，绿色滤光片，蓝色滤光片之间间隔一定间距；所述控制电极层嵌置在所述滤光片内，并且与所述红色滤光片，绿色滤光片，蓝色滤光片之间的间隙对应。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示面板还包括透明封装层，所述RGB像素阵列为彩色发光底板，所述RGB像素为所述彩色发光底板包含的阵列式排布的红色发光单元，绿色发光单元及蓝色发光单元，所述透明封装层覆盖在所述红色发光单元，绿色发光单元及蓝色发光单元外围，所述控制电极层设置在所述透明封装层上，并且与所述红色发光单元，绿色发光单元及蓝色发光单元之间的间隙对应。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任意一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述光线准直模块中的包括有控制电极层，第一透明基板、液晶层构成了IPS(In-Plane Switching)特性的液晶微透镜阵列，通过加载在所述控制电极层的控制电压对所述显示面板的出射光线进行准直处理。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任意一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述的控制电极为导电油墨。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述导电油墨透明，半透明，不透明或者黑色。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述导电油墨的材料为铟锡氧化物(ITO)，铟锌氧化物(IZO)，碳纳米管(CNT)或石墨。
  9. 如权利要求6至8任意一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述导电油墨通过喷墨打印、纳米涂层、原子层沉积、化学气相沉积或等离子源辅助沉积方式形成。
  10. 一种立体显示装置，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求1至9任意一项所述的显示装置，以及立体成像层，所述立体成像层设置在所述显示装置的第二透明基板上，所述立体成像层包括多个电光调制单元，分别布置在与所述显示装置中的RGB像素对应的位置，用于根据所施加的时分变化的电场E，将多个像素单元显示的图像的光线交替地偏转至不同的投射方向，以呈现立体图像。
  11. 一种立体显示装置，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求1至9任意一项所述的显示装置，以及立体成像层，所述立体成像层包括至少两个透镜层，所述至少两层透镜层叠加设置在与所述显示装置中显示面板的像素阵列对应的位置，用于根据所施加的时分变化的电场，将通过所述透镜部件的所述像素阵列显示的图像的光线偏转到不同的投射方向。
  12. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的成像装置或者权利要求10或11中的所述的立体成像装置。
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