WO2016113074A1 - Charge électrostatique et contrôle de la rigidité diélectrique d'un isolateur - Google Patents

Charge électrostatique et contrôle de la rigidité diélectrique d'un isolateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016113074A1
WO2016113074A1 PCT/EP2015/080575 EP2015080575W WO2016113074A1 WO 2016113074 A1 WO2016113074 A1 WO 2016113074A1 EP 2015080575 W EP2015080575 W EP 2015080575W WO 2016113074 A1 WO2016113074 A1 WO 2016113074A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
insulator
electrode
test
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/080575
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Lutz
Alexander ROSE-PÖTZSCH
Tom FEDTKE
Karsten JUHRE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of WO2016113074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016113074A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/025—Measuring very high resistances, e.g. isolation resistances, i.e. megohm-meters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
    • G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
    • G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a charging method and a charging device for electrostatic charging of an insulator, through which an electrically conductive inner conductor is guided. Furthermore, the invention relates to a test method and a test system for testing a dielectric strength of an insulator, through which an electrically conductive inner conductor is guided.
  • One of the aims of dielectric tests is, among other things, the accelerated simulation of the long-term behavior of plants.
  • Quantification of an amount of charge applied to an insulator by DC stress Quantification of an amount of charge applied to an insulator by DC stress.
  • a frequently selected approach for the accelerated charging of insulators is the use of gas-insulated direct voltage systems with high DC voltages, whereby the voltages may be increased by a certain factor with respect to the operating voltage and as long as possible load times of several days or months must be ensured.
  • the long charging times result from the usually very high-resistance insulating materials that are used for the production of insulators.
  • These test methods are therefore very time consuming and costly.
  • the amount of charge applied to insulators can only be detected with very high metrological effort, which as a rule can not be achieved in type and development tests of product developments.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved Aufladehabilit and an improved charging device for electrostatic charging of an insulator through which an electrically conductive inner conductor is guided.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an improved test method and an improved test system for testing a dielectric strength of an insulator, through which an electrically conductive inner conductor is guided.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention with regard to the charging process by the features of claim 1, with regard to the test method by the features of claim 6, in terms of the charging device by the features of claim 9 and in terms of the test system by the features of claim 19.
  • At least one charging electrode is arranged with an insulator facing the electrode tip at an adjustable distance to an insulator surface of the insulator. Further, a DC charging voltage is generated between the at least one charging electrode and the inner conductor, is increased to an intermediate voltage value at which a stable partial discharge between the at least one charging electrode and the insulator surface begins, and held at the intermediate voltage value for a charging period.
  • the charging method according to the invention advantageously enables a considerably accelerated electrostatic charging of an insulator compared with conventional charging methods the generation of stable partial discharges between the insulator and at least one electrode tip. With the time savings is associated with a corresponding cost savings.
  • An embodiment of the charging method provides that the DC charging voltage is lowered after the end of the charging period to a voltage end value at which no partial discharge between the at least one charging electrode and the insulator surface occurs more.
  • Insulator surface enlarged.
  • the charging of the isolator is terminated by partial discharges in a controlled manner.
  • the distance between the at least one charging electrode and the insulator surface after lowering the DC charging voltage to the voltage end value By increasing the distance between the at least one charging electrode and the insulator surface after lowering the DC charging voltage to the voltage end value, backward discharges from the insulator to the at least one charging electrode when the DC charging voltage is switched off are advantageously avoided.
  • a further embodiment of the charging method provides that a charge end value is predetermined, an electrical charge applied to the insulator is determined by measurement, and an end of the charging duration is defined by the fact that the determined electrical charge reaches the predetermined charge end value.
  • a charging current threshold value and a target time duration are predetermined and, starting from the voltage intermediate value, a temporal mean value of a charging current charging the isolator and an exceeding time duration during which the ascertained average value of the charging current exceeds the charging current threshold are determined.
  • An end of the charging period is defined by the fact that the ascertained excess duration reaches the predetermined target time duration.
  • the aforementioned embodiments of the charging process couple the charging time period to the amount of charge applied to the insulator.
  • the insulator is advantageously charged with a defined amount of charge.
  • the insulator is charged electrostatically by means of a charging method according to the invention and after the electrostatic charging of the insulator becomes a test DC voltage and / or a surge test voltage (PrüfStoßschreib) generated between the inner conductor and a preferably grounded test electrode.
  • a test DC voltage and / or a surge test voltage PrüfStoßschreib
  • the use of the charging method according to the invention in the examination of a dielectric strength of an insulator advantageously makes it possible to save a considerable amount of time and money on the test due to the shortened charging time.
  • the time required for a complete test involving an insulator charge followed by a Bitz impact voltage dielectric test can be reduced by up to 70% compared to a conventional DC electrical charge insulator test.
  • an electrically conductive housing is used as the test electrode, which is gas-tightly sealed with the insulator and filled with a gaseous insulating medium.
  • the charging device makes it possible to carry out the charging process according to the invention with the advantages mentioned above.
  • the flange advantageously allows a connection of the charging device with the insulator.
  • the flange openings allow the electrode tips to be fed to the insulator surface at various defined positions of the flange, and thus the targeted charging of different areas of the insulator surface.
  • Each retraction device allows an electrode tip to be retracted and retracted through a flange opening toward the insulator surface.
  • An embodiment of the charging device provides a measuring impedance via which each charging electrode can be electrically connected to a signal ground, for example by means of a relay, and an electrical charge flowing between a charging electrode and the signal ground can be determined.
  • the amount of charge applied to the insulator can be measured indirectly by detecting corresponding charge quantities of the charging electrodes, which are output to the signal ground via the measuring impedance. This advantageously makes it possible to detect an amount of charge applied to the insulator and to charge the insulator with a defined charge quantity.
  • a further embodiment of the charging device provides at least four charging electrodes, which can be arranged distributed around the circumference of the flange.
  • This embodiment of the charging device advantageously allows a simultaneous and uniform charging of different areas of the insulator surface.
  • a further embodiment of the charging device provides that the flange for each charging electrode at least two
  • each charging electrode can be used to charge different regions of the insulator surface, each of which faces a flange opening.
  • the flange preferably has a flange opening, through which a charging electrode can be guided to a region of the insulator surface in the vicinity of the inner conductor.
  • Such areas of the insulator surface are subjected to particularly high electrical loads and are therefore of particular interest in testing the dielectric strength of an insulator.
  • each retraction device for a charging electrode has an electrically conductive intermediate ring which can be arranged on the flange and has an intermediate ring opening, through which the charging electrode is guided in an electrically insulated manner.
  • the retraction device can advantageously be arranged with the charging electrode electrically insulated from the flange on the flange.
  • a further embodiment of the charging device provides that arranged in each intermediate ring opening a seal is, by means of which a gap between the wall of the intermediate ring opening and the guided through the intermediate ring opening charging electrode is sealed gas-tight. This advantageously allows charging and subsequent testing of an insulator in a gas-insulated environment and is therefore particularly preferred for charging and testing insulators of gas-insulated systems.
  • a further embodiment of the charging device provides that each retraction device has a threaded spindle coupled to a charging electrode, via which the charging electrode is movable, and a servomotor for driving the threaded spindle. In this case, the charging device preferably has a motor control unit for controlling each servomotor.
  • each charging electrode can be moved precisely and motor-controlled by means of the threaded spindle.
  • a further embodiment of the charging device provides that the flange can be connected in a gas-tight manner to the insulator.
  • This embodiment also advantageously allows charging and subsequent testing of an insulator in a gas-insulated environment and is therefore particularly preferred for charging and testing insulators of gas-insulated installations.
  • a test system according to the invention for carrying out the test method according to the invention comprises a charging device according to the invention and a test electrode. Furthermore, the test system comprises a DC voltage source for generating a test DC voltage between the test electrode and the inner conductor and / or a shock generator for generating a scholarworthwood between the test electrode and the inner conductor.
  • a test facility allows the implementation of the test method according to the invention with the above-mentioned advantages.
  • An embodiment of the test system provides that the test electrode is an electrically conductive housing which can be closed gas-tightly with the insulator and the flange of the charging device and filled with an insulating medium. This embodiment of the test system advantageously allows a test of insulators for gas-insulated systems under realistic conditions.
  • FIG. 1 shows an insulator implementation and a test system for
  • FIG. 3 shows the insulator feedthrough and educaanläge shown in Figure 1 in a front view
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of a perspective view of the insulator feedthrough and testing devices shown in FIG. 1,
  • FIG 6 a section of a sectional view of a
  • An insulator bushing and a test rig for testing a dielectric strength of an insulator with a charging electrode in a second position and
  • Insulator feedthrough and a test system for testing a dielectric strength of an insulator with a charging electrode in a third position Insulator feedthrough and a test system for testing a dielectric strength of an insulator with a charging electrode in a third position.
  • Figures 1 to 4 show an insulator bushing 1 and a test system 3 for testing a dielectric strength of an insulator 5 of the insulator bushing 1.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the insulator bushing 1 and the scholaranläge 3
  • Figure 2 shows a 3 shows the insulator feedthrough 1 and the test system 3 in a front view
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of a perspective view of the insulator feedthrough 1 and test system 3 ,
  • the insulator bushing 1 comprises the insulator 5, an electrically conductive inner conductor 7, which is guided through the insulator 5, and a bushing flange 9 which is connected to the insulator 5 and surrounds the insulator 5 in an annular manner.
  • the insulator 5 is umbrella-like and rotationally symmetrical formed an axis of symmetry 11 and has, for example, a gas-tight cast-in electrode with the inner conductor 7, z. B. by screw, connected.
  • the test system 3 comprises a charging device 15 for the electrostatic charging of the insulator 5, a test electrode 17 and a (not shown) DC voltage source for generating a test DC voltage between the test electrode 17 and the inner conductor 7 and / or a (also not shown) impact generator for generating a test - Surge voltage between the test electrode 17 and the inner conductor. 7
  • the charging device 15 comprises four charging electrodes 19, an annular flange 21 and a retraction device 23 for each charging electrode 19. Instead of four charging electrodes 19, a different number of charging electrodes 19 may also be provided.
  • Each charging electrode 19 is rod-shaped and terminates at one end in an electrode tip 25.
  • the flange 21 is gas-tight with the feed-through flange 9 of the insulator bushing 1 connectable and has a plurality of radial flange openings 27 distributed along its circumference, into each of which a charging electrode 19 to the insulator 5 is inserted and each gas-tight with a closing element 29 are closed ,
  • a charging electrode 19 can each be introduced into a flange opening 27 and moved out of the flange opening 27.
  • the charging electrode 19 by means of the retraction device 23 in the
  • each retraction device 23 comprises an electrode holder 32 in which the charging electrode 19 is mounted, a threaded spindle 33 coupled to the charging electrode 19 via the electrode holder 32, via which the electrode holder 32 with the charging electrode 19 is movable, a servomotor 35 for driving the Threaded spindle 33 and a motor cover 36 surrounding the servomotor 35.
  • the threaded spindle 33 has a trapezoidal thread and is guided in the electrode holder 32 by a holder opening 37 having a corresponding mating thread.
  • each retraction device 23 comprises one on the
  • Flange 21 can be arranged electrically conductive intermediate ring 43 with an intermediate ring opening 44, through which the charging electrode 19 is guided, and a seal 45, by means of which a gap between the wall of the intermediate ring opening 44 and guided through the intermediate ring opening 44 charging electrode 19 is gas-tight.
  • the intermediate ring 43 is fastened to a holding plate 49 via connecting elements 47, for example screw elements.
  • the holding plate 49 is connected to the holding rods 39 and has a retaining plate opening 50, which is coaxial to the intermediate ring opening 44, for the charging electrode 19.
  • the charging device 15 further comprises a measuring impedance 51, which is formed as a quadrupole, that has four terminals.
  • a first terminal of the measuring impedance 51 can be electrically connected to each charging electrode 19 via a respective relay 53.
  • a second port of the Messimpe danz 51 is connected to a signal ground 55.
  • An electrical charge quantity which flows via the measuring impedance 51 between a charging electrode 19 and the signal ground can be detected via the two further terminals of the measuring impedance 51.
  • the servomotors 35 are controlled by means of a motor control 57.
  • the test electrode 17 is formed as an electrically conductive housing which can be closed gas-tight with the insulator bushing 1 and the flange 21 of the charging device 15 and filled with an insulating medium.
  • the flange 21 has several for each charging electrode 19
  • Flange openings 27 which are axially offset from each other, d. H. in different to the symmetry axis 11 orthogonal
  • flange opening 27 is arranged in each of these planes for each charging electrode 19 and the flange openings 27 of each plane are distributed uniformly over the circumference of the flange 21.
  • the flange 21 for each charging electrode 19 has three mutually axially offset flange openings 27. Due to the axial offset of the flange openings 27, the electrode tips 25 of the charging electrodes 19 can be selectively approximated to different areas of the insulator surface 31.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 each schematically show a detail of a sectional illustration of an insulator bushing 1 and a test device 3 corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 4 in the region of the insulator bushing 1, each with a charging electrode 19 in different positions of the charging electrode 19 relative to the insulator surface 31, each of these positions corresponding to a flange opening 27 through which the charging electrode 19 is guided.
  • the electrode tip 25 of the charging electrode 19 is located in the vicinity of a region of the insulator surface 31 near the inner conductor 7. regions of the insulator surface 31 are subject to particularly high electrical loads and are therefore of particular interest in testing the dielectric strength of an insulator 5.
  • the housing of the test system 3 is filled with an insulating medium, for example with standing under pressure Schweielhexa- fluoride, and sealed gas-tight. Then, the insulator 5 is electrostatically charged by means of the charging device 15 in a manner described in more detail below. Subsequently, depending on the type of test to be carried out, a test DC voltage and / or a test pulse voltage is generated between the inner conductor 7 and the housing and the test is carried out.
  • an insulating medium for example with standing under pressure Schweielhexa- fluoride
  • the charging electrodes 19 are retracted by means of the retracting devices 23 and the motor control 57 into the respective desired flange openings 27, so that the electrode tips 25 are each located at a defined distance from the insulator surface 31.
  • the unused flange openings 27 remain closed by closing elements 29.
  • a DC charging voltage is generated between the charging electrodes 19 and the inner conductor 7 and increased to an intermediate voltage value at which stable partial discharges are applied between the electrode tips 25 of the charging electrodes 19 and the insulator surface 31.
  • the onset of the partial discharges is detected by means of the measuring impedance 51.
  • the DC charging voltage is maintained at the intermediate voltage value for a charging period.
  • the insulator 5 is charged by the partial discharges.
  • the amount of charge applied to the insulator 5 is measured indirectly via the measuring impedance 51, by corresponding Charge amounts of the charging electrodes 19 are detected, which are delivered via the measuring impedance to the signal ground 55.
  • the charging DC voltage is reduced to a voltage end, in which no stable partial discharges between the charging electrodes 19 and the
  • Isolator surface 31 occur more.
  • the charging electrodes 19 are then subsequently returned by means of the retraction devices 23 and the motor control 57 until the electrode tips 25 are in a field-weak area.
  • reverse discharges from the insulator 5 to the electrode tips 25 when switching off the DC charging voltage are advantageously avoided.
  • the end of the charging period is defined by a suitable criterion.
  • a charge end value is specified and an end of the charging time period is defined by the fact that the electrical charge of the insulator 5 detected by means of the measuring impedance 51 reaches the predetermined charge end value.
  • a charging current threshold value and a target time duration are predetermined and from the attainment of the voltage intermediate value, a time average of a charge current charging the insulator 5 and an excessively long time during which the ascertained mean value of the charging current exceeds the charging current threshold are determined.
  • the end of the charging period is defined by the fact that the determined exceeding time period reaches the predetermined target time duration.
  • the temporal mean value of the charging current is determined at a time, for example, by recording the total since the voltage intermediate value was reached up to this point in time by means of the measuring impedance 51 electric charge of the insulator 5 is divided by the elapsed time since reaching the voltage intermediate value.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de charge et un dispositif de charge (15) destinés à la charge électrostatique d'un isolateur (5) à travers lequel passe un conducteur interne (7) électriquement conducteur. Au moins une électrode de charge (19), munie d'une pointe d'électrode (25) faisant face à l'isolateur (5), est ici disposée à un écart réglable par rapport à une surface (31) de l'isolateur (5). Une tension continue de charge est en outre générée entre ladite électrode de charge (19) et le conducteur interne (7) jusqu'à une valeur intermédiaire de tension à laquelle une décharge partielle stable entre ladite électrode de charge (19) et la surface d'isolateur (31) s'établit, augmente et est maintenue à la valeur intermédiaire de tension pendant une durée de charge.
PCT/EP2015/080575 2015-01-15 2015-12-18 Charge électrostatique et contrôle de la rigidité diélectrique d'un isolateur Ceased WO2016113074A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015200544.5 2015-01-15
DE102015200544.5A DE102015200544A1 (de) 2015-01-15 2015-01-15 Elektrostatische Aufladung und Prüfung einer dielektrischen Festigkeit eines Isolators

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016113074A1 true WO2016113074A1 (fr) 2016-07-21

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PCT/EP2015/080575 Ceased WO2016113074A1 (fr) 2015-01-15 2015-12-18 Charge électrostatique et contrôle de la rigidité diélectrique d'un isolateur

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DE (1) DE102015200544A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016113074A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021258562A1 (fr) * 2020-06-22 2021-12-30 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 Appareil de mesure de la charge de surface d'un isolateur rigide à triple jupe d'un dispositif gil et son procédé de test

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113092961B (zh) * 2021-04-01 2022-07-05 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 换流变压器局部放电模型操作机构

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GB2029587A (en) * 1978-08-11 1980-03-19 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Testing insulation
DE3932572A1 (de) * 1989-09-29 1991-05-08 Schinhaerl Kurt Dipl Ing Fh Verfahren zur charakterisierung einer isolationsschicht und anordnung zum durchfuehren des verfahrens
WO1993014411A1 (fr) * 1992-01-21 1993-07-22 Budapesti Mu^'szaki Egyetem Procede et appareil de controle non destructif d'une isolation electrique par la mesure de son signal de reponse en tension
US5416419A (en) * 1993-09-29 1995-05-16 At&T Corp. Insulation defect detection by high voltage electrode means
US6518772B1 (en) * 2000-05-16 2003-02-11 Wee-Electrotest Engineering Gmbh Method and device for the detection of damage in the insulation of electrical components, particularly of lines and cable harnesses
DE102009020528A1 (de) * 2009-05-08 2010-11-18 Schwering & Hasse Elektrodraht Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Untersuchung einer Drahtbeschichtung
JP2013024669A (ja) * 2011-07-20 2013-02-04 Hitachi Ltd 回転電機の絶縁診断法

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DE2250205A1 (de) * 1972-10-13 1974-04-25 Licentia Gmbh Vorrichtung zur bestimmung der elektrischen durchschlagfestigkeit
DD216117A1 (de) * 1983-04-25 1984-11-28 Sonnenberg Elektrokeramische Vorrichtung zur elektrischen durchschlags- und ueberschlagsfestigkeitspruefung
DE102007024407A1 (de) * 2007-05-25 2008-11-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Funktionsüberprüfung von Zündkerzen
JP4369963B2 (ja) * 2007-06-22 2009-11-25 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ用絶縁体の検査方法
JP6160284B2 (ja) * 2013-06-17 2017-07-12 日立金属株式会社 絶縁寿命推定方法および絶縁寿命推定装置

Patent Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2029587A (en) * 1978-08-11 1980-03-19 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Testing insulation
DE3932572A1 (de) * 1989-09-29 1991-05-08 Schinhaerl Kurt Dipl Ing Fh Verfahren zur charakterisierung einer isolationsschicht und anordnung zum durchfuehren des verfahrens
WO1993014411A1 (fr) * 1992-01-21 1993-07-22 Budapesti Mu^'szaki Egyetem Procede et appareil de controle non destructif d'une isolation electrique par la mesure de son signal de reponse en tension
US5416419A (en) * 1993-09-29 1995-05-16 At&T Corp. Insulation defect detection by high voltage electrode means
US6518772B1 (en) * 2000-05-16 2003-02-11 Wee-Electrotest Engineering Gmbh Method and device for the detection of damage in the insulation of electrical components, particularly of lines and cable harnesses
DE102009020528A1 (de) * 2009-05-08 2010-11-18 Schwering & Hasse Elektrodraht Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Untersuchung einer Drahtbeschichtung
JP2013024669A (ja) * 2011-07-20 2013-02-04 Hitachi Ltd 回転電機の絶縁診断法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021258562A1 (fr) * 2020-06-22 2021-12-30 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 Appareil de mesure de la charge de surface d'un isolateur rigide à triple jupe d'un dispositif gil et son procédé de test

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