WO2016115986A1 - 一种带有吸能结构的车辆座椅 - Google Patents

一种带有吸能结构的车辆座椅 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016115986A1
WO2016115986A1 PCT/CN2016/070576 CN2016070576W WO2016115986A1 WO 2016115986 A1 WO2016115986 A1 WO 2016115986A1 CN 2016070576 W CN2016070576 W CN 2016070576W WO 2016115986 A1 WO2016115986 A1 WO 2016115986A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy absorbing
seat
vehicle seat
circular groove
nut
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/070576
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孟庆保
陈岳云
陶惠家
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yanfeng Adient Seating Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai Yanfeng Johnson Controls Seating Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Yanfeng Johnson Controls Seating Co Ltd filed Critical Shanghai Yanfeng Johnson Controls Seating Co Ltd
Priority to DE16739733.0T priority Critical patent/DE16739733T1/de
Priority to EP16739733.0A priority patent/EP3248831B1/en
Priority to US15/545,508 priority patent/US10315542B2/en
Priority to JP2017557244A priority patent/JP6573985B2/ja
Publication of WO2016115986A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016115986A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42709—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving residual deformation or fracture of the structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/22—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the back-rest being adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/4207—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces
    • B60N2/4214—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal
    • B60N2/4228—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal due to impact coming from the rear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/68—Seat frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/68—Seat frames
    • B60N2/682—Joining means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle seat, and more particularly to a vehicle seat with an energy absorbing structure.
  • Whipping injury refers to the action of the human body in the neck and the inertia of the head, the neck will produce a similar action to the whip. After the accident, the injured person's neck will feel different degrees of discomfort. This kind of injury is not fatal, but the recovery process after injury is very complicated and long, and some are even incurable permanent injuries.
  • car manufacturers have begun to develop car seats that can absorb impact energy. For example, patents CN103249595A, CN1640714A and US20100096892A1 respectively provide a car seat that can absorb impact energy. However, these seats are complex in structure and costly.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle seat with an energy absorbing structure with good energy absorption effect, simple structure and low cost.
  • a vehicle seat with an energy absorbing structure comprising a seat cushion side plate and a recliner lower connecting plate, wherein the lower angle connecting plate of the recliner is provided with an impact groove, and the impact groove comprises a straight line connecting up and down Groove and circular groove,
  • the vehicle seat further comprises:
  • An energy absorbing sheet comprising an annular portion, a positioning portion, and an impact fracture portion connected between the annular portion and the positioning portion;
  • a step bolt comprising a head, a step portion and a stud which are coaxially connected in sequence, wherein the stud is threadedly connected to the first nut through the circular groove portion and the annular portion in order to The step portion is press-fitted to the energy absorbing sheet through the circular groove portion.
  • the seat cushion side panel and the recliner lower connecting panel are further connected by a front end bolt and a second nut.
  • an outer diameter of the step portion is smaller than an inner diameter of the circular groove portion, and a lowest point of the step portion and the circular groove portion when the step portion is press-fitted with the energy absorbing sheet The lowest point is spaced apart.
  • the lower angle connecting plate of the recliner is a planar structure.
  • the recliner lower connecting plate comprises a seat mounting surface and an energy absorbing sheet mounting surface on different horizontal surfaces, so that the energy absorbing sheet is mounted to the energy absorbing sheet mounting surface and the cushion The mounting surface is flush.
  • the impact fracture portion has a cross-sectional area of 6-9 mm 2 .
  • the automobile seat of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, crushing and absorbing energy during the collision process, thereby reducing the rebound speed of the human head during the collision of the automobile, protecting the safety of the passenger and improving the rating of the automobile.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a car seat of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the energy absorbing structure of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the energy absorbing structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the energy absorbing sheet of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the energy absorbing sheet of FIG. 2;
  • 4C is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the energy absorbing sheet of FIG. 2;
  • 4D is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the energy absorbing sheet of FIG. 2;
  • Figure 5A is a schematic view showing the structure of the first embodiment of the lower angle adjuster of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5B is a schematic view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the lower angle adjuster of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic view showing the connection between the energy absorbing sheet of FIG. 4A and the lower angle connecting plate of the angle adjuster of FIG. 5B;
  • Figure 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 6A;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the nut of Figure 2;
  • Figure 8A is a schematic view of the nut of Figure 7 welded to the side panel of the seat cushion;
  • Figure 8B is a cross-sectional view of the nut of Figure 7 welded to the side panel of the seat cushion;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the step bolt of Figure 2.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the assembled energy absorbing structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the breaking of the energy absorbing sheet of the present invention in the event of a collision
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of the step bolt of the present invention and the lower connecting plate of the recliner in the event of a collision;
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the energy absorbing structure of the present invention in the event of a collision
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view of the energy absorbing sheet of the present invention squeezing a straight groove portion during a collision
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the deformation of the car seat of the present invention during a collision.
  • a common car seat is shown in Figure 1, including a seat cushion assembly and a chair assembly.
  • the reclining chair assembly is provided with a lower angle adjusting device 1 on both sides of the lower end thereof
  • the seat cushion assembly is provided with cushion side plates 2 respectively located at the rear ends thereof, and the seat cushion assembly and The chair assembly is coupled through the seat cushion side panel 2 and the recliner lower connecting panel 1.
  • the present invention adds an energy absorbing sheet 3 (shown in FIG. 2) between the seat side panel 2 and the lower angle connecting plate 1 of the recliner.
  • the sheet 3 is joined to the seat cushion side panel 2 and the recliner lower web 1 by a matching first nut 6 and step bolt 4.
  • the seat cushion side plate 2 is provided with a hole through which the first nut 6 passes
  • the lower angle adjuster plate 1 is provided with an impact groove 10 through which the step bolt 4 passes, wherein the impact groove 10 includes the upper portion. Straight groove portion and a circular groove portion located below.
  • the seat cushion side panel 2 and the recliner lower connecting panel 1 are further directly connected by the front end bolt 5 and the second nut 7.
  • the assembled energy absorbing structure is shown in Figure 3.
  • FIG. 4A-4D show various variations of the above energy absorbing sheet 3, respectively.
  • These energy absorbing sheets 3 each include an annular portion 31, an impact breaking portion 33 provided on both sides of the annular portion 31, and a positioning portion 32 connected to the impact breaking portion 33.
  • the positioning portion 32 is shown to be U-shaped. The structure surrounds most of the circumference of the annular portion 31; in Fig. 4B, the positioning portion 32 is shown as a J-like structure, and the top end of the J-shaped structure is provided with a hole for mounting a fastener, and the other One end extends around a majority of the circumference of the annular portion 31; in FIG.
  • the positioning portion 32 includes two positioning portions respectively connected to the impact fracture portions 33 on both sides of the annular portion 31; in FIG. 4D, the positioning portion 32 includes Two positioning portions of the impact breaking portion 33 connected to both sides of the annular portion 31, and a circular frame for connecting the two positioning portions, respectively.
  • the annular portion 31 of the energy absorbing sheet 3 is coaxially disposed with the circular groove portion on the lower connecting plate 1 of the recliner, and the circular hole at the center of the annular portion 31 is used for the screw of the step bolt 4; the positioning portion 32 is adjusted
  • the lower connecting plate 1 is in surface contact to position the energy absorbing sheet 3 on the inner side of the lower connecting plate 1 of the recliner (ie, the side opposite to the side plate 2 of the seat cushion).
  • the energy absorbing sheet The structural deformation of 3 is mainly embodied on the positioning portion 32.
  • the width of the impact fracture portion 33 is much smaller than the diameter of the annular portion 31 (the cross-sectional area is generally about 6). -9mm 2 , but the cross-sectional area can be adjusted according to the size of the structure when the seat absorbs energy.
  • the impact fracture portion 33 will break.
  • FIGS. 5A-5B show two embodiments of the lower angle connecting plate 1 of the recliner.
  • the recliner lower connecting plate 1 shown in Fig. 5A is planar, and has an impact groove 10 in its plane, a hole for the stud of the front end bolt 5 to pass through, and a corner adjuster for mounting (not The mounting hole 11 is shown).
  • the recliner lower connecting plate 1 in FIG. 5B is different from the former in that it is stepped, that is, it includes a seat mounting surface 12 and an energy absorbing sheet mounting surface 13 on different planes, wherein the cushion mounting surface 12 is used.
  • the aforementioned hole for the stud of the front end bolt 5 to pass through and the mounting hole 11 for mounting the recliner (not shown) are provided on the seat cushion mounting surface 12; the energy absorbing sheet mounting surface 13 An impact groove 10 is provided for mounting the energy absorbing sheet 3.
  • the top surface of the energy absorbing sheet 3 is coplanar with the top surface of the cushion mounting surface 12 (ie, the cushion mounting surface 12 and the energy absorbing surface).
  • the height difference between the sheet mounting faces 13 corresponds to the thickness of the energy absorbing sheet 3, so that the seat cushion connected thereto can be made flat without designing a step shape, which reduces the manufacturing fixture and inspection of the cushion opening and the backrest opening. With cost, it is also convenient for seat cushion and seat installation.
  • the nut used in the present invention is shown in Figure 7, which is a common nut in the art.
  • the nuts 6, 7 are welded to the seat side panel 2.
  • the step bolt 4 employed in the present invention is a step bolt 4 which is common in the art as shown in Fig. 9, and includes a large-diameter head portion 41, a small-diameter step portion 42, and a stud 43 which are sequentially axially connected.
  • the assembly process of the above energy absorbing structure includes the following steps:
  • the first nut 6 and the second nut 7 are respectively welded to the corresponding positions of the seat cushion side plate 2;
  • the energy absorbing sheet 3 is positioned on the lower connecting plate 1 of the angle adjuster, and the annular portion 31 of the energy absorbing sheet 3 is kept coaxial with the circular groove portion of the impact groove 10;
  • the step bolt 4 is sequentially passed through the seat cushion side panel 2 and the energy absorbing sheet 3, and is screwed to the first nut 6 welded to the cushion side panel 2 to be used for the energy absorbing sheet.
  • 3 is pressed between the step portion 42 of the step bolt 4 and the seat cushion side plate 2, wherein the bottommost end of the step portion 42 is spaced from the bottom end of the impact groove 10 by a gap L, due to the breakage of the energy absorbing sheet 3
  • the force value is determined by the breaking force of the energy absorbing sheet 3, and the gap causes no frictional force and pressing force between the step bolt 4 and the lower angle connecting plate 1 of the reclining device;
  • the step bolt 4 shears the energy absorbing sheet 3 by rotating the front arm bolt 5 around the front end assembly (as shown in FIG. 11, which cuts the impact fracture portion 33 of the energy absorbing sheet 3)
  • the broken annular portion 31 is displaced upward (as shown in FIG. 12), and when the distance ⁇ L is moved, the step portion 42 of the step bolt 4 abuts against the bottom end of the straight groove portion of the impact groove 10 (as shown in FIG. 13).
  • the straight groove portion of the lower connecting plate is widened, and the broken line is the initial contour of the straight groove portion), so that the chair assembly is wound around the front end.
  • the bolt 5 is rotated backward to absorb energy (as shown in Fig. 15, the broken line is the initial position of the seat portion).
  • the energy absorbing structure of the invention not only has a simple structure, is convenient to install, can absorb impact energy during a collision process, but also has the following advantages:
  • the coefficient can be adjusted by changing the interference squeezing amount of the lower connecting plate 1 and the step bolt 4.
  • the energy absorbing sheet 3 can ensure the force value generated in the event of collision failure and can not be invalid due to fatigue under normal conditions, and will not affect the function of the seat under normal conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种带有吸能结构的车辆座椅包括坐垫侧板（2）和调角器下连接板（1），调角器下连接板上设有冲击槽（10），冲击槽包括上下连通的直槽部和圆槽部，车辆座椅还包括：吸能片（3），包括环形部（31）、定位部（32）以及连接在环形部与所述定位部之间的冲击断裂部（33）；第一螺母（6），其固定在坐垫侧板上；以及台阶螺栓（4），其包括依次同轴连接的头部、台阶部和螺柱，其中，所述螺柱依次穿过圆槽部和环形部与所述第一螺母螺纹连接，以使台阶部穿过圆槽部与吸能片压紧配合。该座椅结构简单，安装方便，能够在碰撞过程中溃缩吸收能量。

Description

一种带有吸能结构的车辆座椅 技术领域
本发明涉及一种车辆座椅，尤其涉及一种带有吸能结构的车辆座椅。
背景技术
在汽车行驶过程中，一旦发生追尾事故，则很可能对被碰撞车辆中的驾驶员、乘员造成鞭打伤害。鞭打伤害是指人体在碰撞加速度与头部惯性力的共同作用下，颈部会产生类似于鞭子猛抽的动作。事故后，伤者的颈部会感到不同程度的不适，这种伤害并不致命，但是伤后康复的过程非常复杂、漫长，有些甚至是不可治愈的永久伤害。为了降低伤害，汽车制造商们已经开始研制能够吸收冲击能量的汽车座椅，例如专利CN103249595A、CN1640714A和US20100096892A1分别提供了一种可吸收冲击能量的汽车座椅。然而，这些座椅结构复杂、成本高。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种吸能效果好、结构简单、成本低的带有吸能结构的车辆座椅。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种带有吸能结构的车辆座椅，其包括一坐垫侧板和一调角器下连接板，所述调角器下连接板上设有一冲击槽，所述冲击槽包括上下连通的直槽部和圆槽部，
其中，所述车辆座椅还包括：
一吸能片，其包括环形部、定位部以及连接在所述环形部与所述定位部之间的冲击断裂部；
一第一螺母，其固定连接在所述坐垫侧板上；以及
一台阶螺栓，其包括依次同轴连接的头部、台阶部和螺柱，其中，所述螺柱依次穿过所述圆槽部和所述环形部与所述第一螺母螺纹连接，以使所述台阶部穿过所述圆槽部与所述吸能片压紧配合。
进一步地，所述坐垫侧板和所述调角器下连接板还通过一前端螺栓和一第二螺母相连。
优选地，所述台阶部的外径小于所述圆槽部的内径，以在所述台阶部与所述吸能片压紧配合时，所述台阶部的最低点与所述圆槽部的最低点间隔开。
优选地，所述调角器下连接板为平面结构。
优选地，所述调角器下连接板包括位于不同水平面上的坐垫安装面和吸能片安装面，以使所述吸能片在安装至所述吸能片安装面上时与所述坐垫安装面齐平。
进一步地，所述冲击断裂部的横截面积为6-9mm2。
进一步地，所述第一螺母焊接在所述坐垫侧板上。本发明的汽车座椅结构简单，安装方便，能够在碰撞过程中溃缩吸收能量，从而减小人体头部在汽车碰撞过程中的反弹速度，保护乘客安全，提高汽车评分等级。
附图说明
图1是本发明的汽车座椅的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的吸能结构的分解示意图；
图3是本发明的吸能结构的组装示意图；
图4A是图2中的吸能片的第一实施例的结构示意图；
图4B是图2中的吸能片的第二实施例的结构示意图；
图4C是图2中的吸能片的第三实施例的结构示意图；
图4D是图2中的吸能片的第四实施例的结构示意图；
图5A是图2中的调角器下连接板的第一实施例的结构示意图；
图5B是图2中的调角器下连接板的第二实施例的结构示意图；
图6A是图4A中的吸能片与图5B中的调角器下连接板的连接示意图；
图6B是沿图6A中的A-A线剖开的剖示图；
图7是图2中的螺母的结构示意图；
图8A是图7中的螺母焊接至坐垫侧板上的示意图；
图8B是图7中的螺母焊接至坐垫侧板上的剖示图；
图9是图2中的台阶螺栓的结构示意图；
图10是本发明组装完成的吸能结构的剖示图；
图11是本发明的吸能片在发生碰撞时断裂的示意图；
图12是本发明的台阶螺栓与调角器下连接板在发生碰撞时的示意图；
图13是本发明的吸能结构在发生碰撞时的剖示图；
图14是本发明的吸能片在碰撞过程中挤压直槽部的示意图；
图15是本发明的汽车座椅在碰撞过程中的变形示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图给出本发明的较佳实施例，并予以详细描述，使能更好地理解本发明的功能、特点。
常见的汽车座椅如图1所示，包括座垫总成和靠椅总成。其中，靠椅总成上设有分别位于其下端两侧的调角器下连接板1，座垫总成上设有分别位于其后端两侧的坐垫侧板2，且座垫总成和靠椅总成通过该坐垫侧板2和调角器下连接板1连接在一起。
为了吸收碰撞时施加到靠椅总成上的冲击能量，本发明在坐垫侧板2和调角器下连接板1之间增设了一吸能片3(如图2所示)，该吸能片3通过相匹配的第一螺母6和台阶螺栓4与坐垫侧板2和调角器下连接板1连接在一起。相应地，坐垫侧板2上设有供第一螺母6穿过的孔，调角器下连接板1设有供台阶螺栓4穿过的冲击槽10，其中，该冲击槽10包括位于上方的直槽部以及位于下方的圆槽部。优选地，除了第一螺母6和台阶螺栓4外，坐垫侧板2和调角器下连接板1还进一步通过前端螺栓5和第二螺母7直接相连。组装完成的吸能结构如图3所示。
图4A-4D分别示出了上述吸能片3的多种变形。这些吸能片3均包括环形部31、设置在环形部31两侧的冲击断裂部33、以及与冲击断裂部33连接的定位部32，在图4A中，定位部32示出为类似U形的结构，其围绕圆环部31的大部分圆周；在图4B中，定位部32示出为类似J形的结构，且J形结构的最顶端开设有用于安装紧固件的孔，其另一端围绕圆环部31的大部分圆周延伸；在图4C中，定位部32包括两个定位部分，分别连接至圆环部31两侧的冲击断裂部33；在图4D中，定位部32包括分别连接至圆环部31两侧的冲击断裂部33的两个定位部分、以及一用于连接这两个定位部分的圆形框架。其中，吸能片3的环形部31与调角器下连接板1上的圆槽部同轴设置，环形部31中心的圆孔用于供台阶螺栓4的螺杆穿过；定位部32与调角器下连接板1面接触，以将吸能片3定位在调角器下连接板1的内侧面(即相对于坐垫侧板2的侧面)上，从图中可以看出，吸能片3的结构变形主要体现在定位部32上，当然还可以采用除图4A-4D以外的其它合适的形式；冲击断 裂部33的宽度远小于环形部31的直径(其横截面积一般约为6-9mm2，但可以根据座椅吸能时结构受力大小调整截面积)，当汽车发生追尾事故并且碰撞达到一定能级时，冲击断裂部33将发生断裂。
图5A-5B示出了调角器下连接板1的两个实施例。图5A中示出的调角器下连接板1呈平面，并且在其平面上开设有冲击槽10、用于供前端螺栓5的螺柱穿过的孔、以及用于安装调角器(未示出)的安装孔11。图5B中的调角器下连接板1与前者的不同之处在于其呈台阶形，即，其包括位于不同平面的坐垫安装面12和吸能片安装面13，其中，坐垫安装面12用于安装坐垫，前述的用于供前端螺栓5的螺柱穿过的孔以及用于安装调角器(未示出)的安装孔11均设置在坐垫安装面12上；吸能片安装面13上设有冲击槽10，以用于安装吸能片3。如图6A-6B所示，当吸能片3安装在吸能片安装面13上时，吸能片3的顶面与坐垫安装面12的顶面共面(即坐垫安装面12和吸能片安装面13之间的高度差相当于吸能片3的厚度)，从而使得与其连接的坐垫可以制成平面而无需设计成台阶形，减少了坐垫开档和靠背开档的制造夹具与检具费用，也便于座垫、座靠安装。
本发明采用的螺母如图7所示，为本领域常见的螺母。在图8A-8B的实施例中，螺母6、7焊接至坐垫侧板2上。此外，本发明采用的台阶螺栓4如图9所示，为本领域常见的台阶螺栓4，其包括依次轴向连接的大直径的头部41、小直径的台阶部42和螺柱43。
上述吸能结构的装配过程包括如下步骤：
(1)如图2所示，将第一螺母6、第二螺母7分别焊接至坐垫侧板2的相应位置上；
(2)如图6A所示，将吸能片3定位在调角器下连接板1上，并保持吸能片3的环形部31与冲击槽10的圆槽部同轴；
(3)如图10所示，将台阶螺栓4依次穿过坐垫侧板2和吸能片3，并使其与焊接在坐垫侧板2上的第一螺母6螺纹连接，以将吸能片3压紧在台阶螺栓4的台阶部42与坐垫侧板2之间，其中，台阶部42的最底端与冲击槽10的最底端之间相距间隙L，由于吸能片3断裂时的力值由吸能片3断裂力决定，该间隙使得台阶螺栓4与调角器下连接板1之间不会产生摩擦力和挤压力；
(4)将前端螺栓5穿过调角器下连接板1与坐垫侧板2连接，装配过程 完成。
当发生追尾事故时，台阶螺栓4因靠椅总成绕前端螺栓5旋转而剪切吸能片3(如图11所示，其将吸能片3的冲击断裂部33剪断)，并带着断裂的环形部31向上位移(如图12所示)，当移动距离△L时，台阶螺栓4的台阶部42与冲击槽10的直槽部的底端抵接(如图13所示)，然后继续产生稳定的力对调角器下连接板1进行挤压(如图14所示，下连接板的直槽部变宽，虚线为直槽部的初始轮廓)，使得靠椅总成绕前端螺栓5向后旋转吸收能量(如图15所示，虚线为靠椅部成的初始位置)。
由此可见，本发明的吸能结构不但结构简单，安装方便，能够在碰撞过程中吸收冲击能量，而且还具有以下优点：
1.产生的力值稳定且大小可调节：根据吸能片3的材料强度、厚度和断裂横截面积可计算出其产生的力值F1＝许用应力σ1×截面积S，其中，吸能片3材料的许用应力σ1恒定，通过改变冲击断裂部33的截面积S即可调节力F1；对下连接板的冲击槽10的挤压力F2＝许用应力σ2×挤压量Ψ×系数，可通过改变下连接板1与台阶螺栓4的干涉挤压量Ψ进行调节。
2.耐疲劳性好：吸能片3既能保证在碰撞失效时产生的力值又能在正常情况下不因疲劳而失效，不会影响座椅在正常情况下的使用功能。
3.消除螺栓紧固时摩擦力的影响：靠椅与坐垫通过螺栓连接时无需考虑紧固螺栓轴向力对机构运动时产生滑动摩擦力的影响，因为台阶螺栓4穿过下连接板的圆槽并与圆槽的底部间隔开，且台阶部42紧压在吸能片3上，当吸能片3受到碰撞破坏时断裂产生力时，台阶螺栓4的轴向力不影响吸能片3断裂。
以上所述的，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非用以限定本发明的范围，本发明的上述实施例还可以做出各种变化。即凡是依据本发明申请的权利要求书及说明书内容所作的简单、等效变化与修饰，皆落入本发明的权利要求保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种带有吸能结构的车辆座椅，其包括一坐垫侧板和一调角器下连接板，其特征在于，所述调角器下连接板上设有一冲击槽，所述冲击槽包括上下连通的直槽部和圆槽部，
    其中，所述车辆座椅还包括：
    一吸能片，其包括环形部、定位部以及连接在所述环形部与所述定位部之间的冲击断裂部；
    一第一螺母，其固定连接在所述坐垫侧板上；以及
    一台阶螺栓，其包括依次同轴连接的头部、台阶部和螺柱，其中，所述螺柱依次穿过所述圆槽部和所述环形部与所述第一螺母螺纹连接，以使所述台阶部穿过所述圆槽部与所述吸能片压紧配合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带有吸能结构的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述坐垫侧板和所述调角器下连接板还通过一前端螺栓和一第二螺母相连。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的带有吸能结构的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述台阶部的外径小于所述圆槽部的内径，以在所述台阶部与所述吸能片压紧配合时，所述台阶部的最低点与所述圆槽部的最低点间隔开。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的带有吸能结构的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述调角器下连接板为平面结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的带有吸能结构的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述调角器下连接板包括位于不同平面的坐垫安装面和吸能片安装面，以使所述吸能片在安装至所述吸能片安装面上时与所述坐垫安装面齐平。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的带有吸能结构的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述冲击断裂部的横截面积为6-9mm2。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的带有吸能结构的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述第一螺母焊接在所述坐垫侧板上。
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DE16739733T1 (de) 2019-07-18
CN104709128B (zh) 2017-03-15
EP3248831B1 (en) 2020-12-30
EP3248831A1 (en) 2017-11-29
CN104709128A (zh) 2015-06-17

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