WO2016127805A1 - 无线通信的装置和方法 - Google Patents

无线通信的装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016127805A1
WO2016127805A1 PCT/CN2016/072277 CN2016072277W WO2016127805A1 WO 2016127805 A1 WO2016127805 A1 WO 2016127805A1 CN 2016072277 W CN2016072277 W CN 2016072277W WO 2016127805 A1 WO2016127805 A1 WO 2016127805A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pilot
group
communication device
communication
cell
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PCT/CN2016/072277
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
竺旭东
王昭诚
陈晋辉
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Priority to EP16748606.7A priority Critical patent/EP3258634A4/en
Priority to US15/543,416 priority patent/US10404431B2/en
Publication of WO2016127805A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016127805A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US16/515,041 priority patent/US10841061B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0069—Allocation based on distance or geographical location
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to apparatus and methods for wireless communication, and more particularly, embodiments of the present invention relate to pilot allocation in a massively multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system technology.
  • MIMO massively multiple input multiple output
  • pilot pollution issues For example in multi-cell time division multiplexing scenarios, is limited by pilot pollution issues. Specifically, since the pilot length is limited by the channel coherence length, the number of orthogonal pilots is limited, and pilot reuse may inevitably occur between different cells. At this time, users using the same pilot sequence in different cells may receive the pilot signals transmitted by the base stations of the neighboring cells, but the base station cannot effectively distinguish the pilot signals, resulting in uplink channel estimation at the base station. Being disturbed.
  • the base station uses the interfered channel estimation for uplink data detection, in addition to receiving the data sent by the user of the local cell, the data of other cell users is also received, thereby causing inter-cell interference of the uplink;
  • the base station generates the precoding matrix by using the interfered channel estimation and transmits the downlink data, the users of other cells receive the data except for the user of the cell, thereby causing inter-cell interference in the downlink.
  • pilot pollution is still one of the serious problems faced by large-scale MIMO systems.
  • an apparatus for wireless communication comprising: a classification unit configured to classify communication devices in a cell in which the device is located, classifying the communication device to include the first communication device group And a plurality of communication device groups of the second communication device group; and an allocation unit configured to allocate a pilot sequence in the first pilot group to the first communication device group and to assign a second pilot to the second communication device group a pilot sequence in the group, wherein, in the case where the number of pilot sequences is insufficient, at least one of the following multiplexing configurations is performed: at least part of the communication devices in the second communication device group are multiplexed in the second pilot group At least one pilot sequence, at least one of the second communication device group multiplexes at least one of the second pilot groups with at least one of the second communication device groups of the neighboring cells that are also classified Pilot sequence.
  • a method for wireless communication comprising: classifying a communication device in a cell, classifying the communication device into a plurality of the first communication device group and the second communication device group a communication device group; and allocating a pilot sequence in the first pilot group to the first communication device group and assigning a pilot sequence in the second pilot group to the second communication device group, wherein the number of pilot sequences In case of insufficient, at least one of the following multiplexing configurations is performed: at least part of the communication devices in the second communication device group multiplex at least one pilot sequence in the second pilot group, at least one of the second communication device groups A communication device multiplexes at least one pilot sequence in the second pilot group with at least one of the second communication device groups of the neighboring cells that are also classified.
  • an apparatus for wireless communication comprising: one or more processors configured to classify communication devices in a cell, classifying the communication device to include the first communication device a plurality of communication device groups of the group and the second communication device group; and assigning a pilot sequence in the first pilot group to the first communication device group and allocating pilots in the second pilot group to the second communication device group a sequence, wherein, in a case where the number of pilot sequences is insufficient, performing at least one of a multiplexing configuration in which at least a part of the communication devices in the second communication device group multiplexes at least one pilot in the second pilot group The sequence, at least one of the second communication device group multiplexes at least one of the second pilot groups with at least one of the second communication device groups of the neighboring cells that are also classified.
  • a computer program code and computer program product for implementing the above method for wireless communication, and a computer having the computer program code for implementing the above method for wireless communication recorded thereon Readable storage media.
  • the apparatus and method according to the present invention can obtain at least one of the following effects by causing a part of the communication equipment to multiplex the pilot sequence: mitigating the pilot pollution problem, improving the utilization efficiency of the pilot sequence, and improving the accuracy of the base station for estimating the uplink channel.
  • the rate improves the downlink precoding of the base station based on the uplink channel estimation to improve the communication quality of the communication device and improve the overall performance of the system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for wireless communication in accordance with one embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows an illustrative example of a communication device multiplexing pilot sequence in a second group of communication devices within a cell
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing a comparison of system performance using a conventional method and a time division multiplexing method of the present application
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a multi-cell multi-user mobile cellular system closer to the actual situation
  • FIG. 5 shows simulation results of the mobile cellular system based on FIG. 4;
  • Figure 6 shows an example of a non-uniform time division multiplexing scheme
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a scheme of multiplexing edge pilots between adjacent cells
  • FIG. 8 shows another example of a scheme of multiplexing edge pilots between adjacent cells
  • FIG. 9 shows another example of a scheme of multiplexing edge pilots between adjacent cells
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of adjusting a multiplexing scheme by signaling interaction
  • 11 is an example showing a scheme of multiplexing a center pilot in a cell
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing an apparatus for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an apparatus for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing an apparatus on a communication device side according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a flowchart showing a method for wireless communication in accordance with one embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a block diagram of an exemplary structure of a general purpose personal computer in which methods and/or apparatus and/or systems in accordance with embodiments of the present invention may be implemented.
  • the apparatus 100 includes: a classification unit 101 configured to classify communication devices in a cell in which the apparatus 100 is located, The communication device is classified into a plurality of communication device groups including the first communication device group and the second communication device group; and the distribution unit 102 is configured to allocate the pilot sequence in the first pilot group to the first communication device group, and Assigning, to the second group of communication devices, a pilot sequence in the second set of pilots, wherein, in the event that the number of pilot sequences is insufficient, performing at least one of the following multiplexing configurations: at least one of the second group of communication devices Part of the communication device multiplexes the second pilot At least one pilot sequence in the group, at least one of the second communication device group multiplexes with the at least one of the second communication device group of the neighboring cell that is also classified, At least one pilot sequence.
  • device 100 can be a base station device.
  • the device 100 may also be a baseband under a C-RAN (Cloud-RAN/Centralized-RAN) structure (there may be no cell concept).
  • a cloud device such as any BBU in a BBU pool that is in high speed communication with each other under the C-RAN architecture.
  • the communication device described herein may be a user equipment such as a mobile terminal having cellular communication capabilities, an intelligent vehicle, a smart wearable device, etc., or may be an infrastructure for wireless communication with a macro base station, such as a small cell base station.
  • the first pilot group and the second pilot group may be pre-configured for each cell, for example, by an OAM configuration, or may be grouped by a control device that manages multiple cells and notified to each cell. In this case, the control device determines the first pilot group and the second pilot group for each of the cells within its management range.
  • the control device can be implemented as any type of server for providing control services for multiple cells/base stations, such as tower servers, rack servers, and blade servers.
  • the control device can be a control module mounted on the server (such as an integrated circuit module including a single wafer, and a card or blade inserted into a slot of the blade server).
  • the advantage of grouping by the control device managing a plurality of cells is that the first pilot group and the second cell of each cell can be dynamically adjusted, for example, considering the distribution of the number of devices included in the first communication device group and the second communication device group of each cell.
  • the pilot sequence included in the pilot group optimizes overall communication quality and pilot utilization efficiency across multiple cells.
  • the apparatus 100 may further include a grouping unit configured to divide the pilot sequence for wireless communication into the first pilot group and the second pilot group to be respectively assigned to the first A communication device group and a second communication device group.
  • the number of pilot sequences in the first pilot group and the second pilot group may be changed according to, for example, changes in the number distribution of devices in the first communication device group and the second communication device group, that is, For flexible dynamic grouping, the utilization efficiency of the pilot sequence is further improved.
  • the pilot sequence is divided into a first pilot group and a second pilot group, respectively allocated to different communication device groups, and the second pilot group is performed within the cell or between the cells by the allocating unit 102. Multiplexing of pilot sequences in .
  • the pilot sequences in the first pilot set and the second pilot set are preferably mutually orthogonal. But as An optional example, the pilot sequences in the first pilot group and the second pilot group may also be partially overlapped, thereby increasing the flexibility of pilot sequence allocation, and satisfying pilots such as a sudden increase in the number of cell communication devices. A scenario where the number of sequences is insufficient.
  • the multiplexing described above is preferably time division multiplexed, ie different communication devices occupy different time resources to avoid pilot pollution.
  • the multiplexing may also be code division multiplexing.
  • the time division multiplexing manner will be specifically described below as an example, but it should be noted that this description is not restrictive, but can be extended to other multiplexing methods.
  • classification unit 101 is configured to classify communication devices at the cell edge into a second group of communication devices.
  • the second communication device group is an edge communication device group.
  • the first group of communication devices is a group of central communication devices.
  • the cell edge communication device is easily interfered by the communication device of the neighboring cell, and the cell center communication device has better channel conditions, and the interference from the neighboring cell is small.
  • the configuration may be as follows: at least a part of the pilot sequences in the first pilot group corresponding to the adjacent cells are identical to each other, and the pilot sequences in the second pilot group corresponding to the adjacent cells are different from each other. Thereby, the pilot sequence is allocated by distinguishing different channel conditions of the cell edge and the central region, so that the limited pilot sequence is fully utilized while avoiding the problem of pilot pollution.
  • the pilot sequences in the first pilot group are also referred to hereinafter as center pilots, and the pilots in the second pilot group are referred to as edge pilots.
  • the apparatus 100 may determine, for example, a pilot sequence included in the second pilot group corresponding to the cell based on the cell ID (CID) of the cell.
  • CID cell ID
  • all pilot sequences to be allocated to the cell edge communication device may be divided into a plurality of pilot sub-groups by the above-mentioned control device, and then one of the pilot sub-groups is allocated for each cell according to the cell ID.
  • mod (CID, N) allocation for example, in the case of at least 3 pilot subgroups, the pilot subgroup number of the cell having the CID is determined according to the value of the CID modulo 3, and the adjacent ones can be guaranteed.
  • the cells are not assigned to the same pilot subgroup, and can also be allocated after the dyeing method.
  • the pilot subgroup may also be preset, for example, configured by OAM, and the device 100 may directly determine the pilot sequence allocated to the edge communication device of the local cell according to the CID.
  • the allocation unit 102 configures at least a portion of the communication devices in the second communication device group to occupy different time resources for transmitting the second multiplexed At least one pilot sequence in the pilot group.
  • the different time resources correspond to different time slots.
  • the communication device configured to occupy other time slots to transmit the pilot sequence does not transmit any data or pilot sequence.
  • a communication device configured to occupy other time slots can also transmit only data.
  • time resources may also refer to subframes or frames, etc., that is, different subframes or frames are allocated to different communication devices.
  • FIG. 2 shows an illustrative example of a communication device multiplexing pilot sequence in a second group of communication devices in a cell, where the left side is a multi-cell multi-user mobile cellular network scenario, assuming a cell radius of 500 meters, spreading The path loss exponent is 2, regardless of the shadow fading effect, and the user's position is assumed to be fixed, ignoring the effects of noise.
  • FIG. 2 it is assumed that there are five users in the cell 1-3, and the total number of available orthogonal pilot sequences is five, and the first pilots of the central users (user 1 and user 2) allocated to the three cells are respectively.
  • the group is ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 ⁇
  • the second pilot groups assigned to the edge users (user 3, user 4, and user 5) of the three cells are ⁇ 3 ⁇ , ⁇ 4 ⁇ , and ⁇ 5 ⁇ , respectively. .
  • the central user can directly use the pilot sequence in the first pilot group, and the central users of the neighboring cells use the same pilot sequence.
  • allocation unit 102 causes three edge users within the cell to share a pilot sequence in a time division multiplexed manner. The specific pilot sequence assignment is shown on the right side of Figure 2.
  • the center users 1 and 2 occupy all the time slots of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 respectively
  • the edge users 3 in the respective cells occupy the time slots 1 of ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 5 , respectively
  • the edges 3 [Phi] 4 are each occupied by a user
  • a slot [Phi] [Phi] 4 5 2 5 edge user are occupied by [Phi] 3, [Phi] 4 and [Phi] 5 slots 3, so that, at the same time, in each cell of the second group of pilot
  • the pilot sequence in the middle is occupied by only one user, thereby avoiding pilot pollution within the cell and between cells, and because time division multiplexing is employed, multiple users of more than the number of pilot sequences are allowed to use the same pilot sequence, And the technical solution of using different second pilot groups between adjacent cells is well assisted.
  • FIG. 3 shows the tendency of the average uplink capacity of the user in this example to vary with the number M of base station antennas.
  • the calculation formula of the average uplink capacity of the central user in the i-th cell is:
  • SINR ik the signal to interference and noise ratio of the kth central user in the i-th cell.
  • the average uplink capacity calculation formula for edge users is:
  • K is the total number of users
  • factor 1/K 2 represents the efficiency factor brought by the time division multiplexing method.
  • the solid line in FIG. 3 shows the average uplink capacity obtained for the central user using the conventional method and the time division multiplexing method of the present application (based on the TDMA scheme), and the broken line shows two methods for the edge user. Performance comparisons in which triangles represent conventional methods and circles represent the methods of the present application. It can be seen that the time division multiplexing method of the present application can provide a subtle performance gain for the central user, because in the conventional method, there are K users in one cell communicating at the same time, and in the method of the present application, any one Within the time slot, the number of communication users in one cell is less than K, so interference within the cell is reduced.
  • the traditional method has the problem of pilot pollution, and the capacity of the edge user is very low, and cannot increase with the number of base station antennas, as shown in the figure, about 0.5 bps/Hz.
  • the edge users share the edge pilots by means of time division multiplexing, completely eliminating the problem of pilot pollution.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of another multi-cell, multi-user mobile cellular system that is more complex and closer to the actual situation, simulated for the system to obtain a performance comparison of the conventional method with the method of the present application.
  • L 7 cells
  • the number of base station antennas M is from 3 to 128, the number of users in the cell K (that is, the total number of pilot sequences) is 14, the number of center pilots K 1 is 7, and the cell radius R is 500.
  • Meter cell edge signal-to-noise ratio SNR is 20dB
  • user average emission energy is 0dB
  • base station average emission energy is 10dB
  • path loss index ⁇ is 2
  • logarithmic distribution shadow fading ⁇ 8dB.
  • the large-scale fading coefficient ⁇ ijk of the channel between the kth user of the jth cell to the base station of the i th cell is generated by the following equation (3):
  • the squares and triangles in Figure 4 represent the center user and the edge user, respectively (the classifications for the center user and the edge user will be described in detail later).
  • Figure 5 shows the average uplink channel capacity of the user in this complex scenario. It can be seen that for the central user, the traditional method and the time division multiplexing method of the present application have substantially similar performance. but For edge users, since the number of neighboring cells in the actual system is large (up to six), the problem of pilot pollution is very serious, and the edge users can hardly complete communication with the base station even if the number of base station antennas M reaches the maximum. At 128 o'clock, there is still only a channel capacity of about 0.1 bps/Hz. With the method of the present application, the uplink channel capacity of the edge user may increase as the number M of base station antennas increases. When the number of base station antennas M is 128, the uplink channel capacity reaches about 1 bps/Hz, which is greatly compared with the conventional method. Improve the communication quality of edge users.
  • each time slot is of equal length in time, but it may also be set such that each time slot is unequal length.
  • the allocation unit 102 of each cell can determine the manner in which the edge user multiplexes the pilot resources, for example, which one or which time slots are occupied by a certain edge user.
  • 6 shows an example of a non-uniform time division multiplexing scheme in which an edge user (UE) 5 is assigned 3 of 6 time slots, and an edge user 3 is assigned 2, while an edge user 1 is only allocated 1 slot.
  • the allocation method is in a fixed cyclic order.
  • the allocation method is flexible.
  • the time slots in this example can also be replaced with subframes, frames, and the like.
  • the pilot sequences in the second pilot group corresponding to the adjacent cells are different from each other.
  • the configuration may also be as follows: at least a part of the pilot sequences in the second pilot group corresponding to the adjacent cells are identical to each other, and the allocating unit 102 is configured to enable at least part of the communication devices in the second communication device group The communication device in the second group of communication devices of the neighboring cells multiplexes the partial pilot sequence.
  • pilot sequence may be one of time division multiplexing and code division multiplexing. Still taking time division multiplexing as an example, for each of the above partial pilot sequences, the allocating unit 102 may be configured to determine a time slot in one frame occupied by the communication device in the second communication device group to be adjacent to the adjacent cell. coordination. That is, it is only necessary to ensure that the pilot sequences used by the communication devices in the second communication device group of each cell in each slot are orthogonal to each other.
  • the first communication device group includes users 1 and 2
  • the second communication device group includes users 3, 4, and 5
  • the first pilot group includes pilots ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 (center Pilot)
  • the second pilot set includes pilots ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 5 (edge pilots).
  • Figures 7-9 illustrate examples of schemes for multiplexing edge pilots between adjacent cells.
  • edge pilots ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 , and ⁇ 5 are used by three edge users in cell 1, as an example, edge users in cells 2 and 3 are in a sleep state, That is, no data and pilots are sent.
  • edge pilots ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 5 are used by three edge users in cell 2, edge users in cells 1 and 3 are in a sleep state; in time slot T3, edges Pilots ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 , and ⁇ 5 are used by three edge users in cell 3, and edge users in cells 1 and 2 are in a sleep state.
  • the edge user of the cell that does not occupy the time slot can also transmit only data in the time slot.
  • the allocating unit 102 is configured to determine the location of the time slot that the communication device is to occupy based on the ID of the cell.
  • the cell ID may be modeled against a predetermined number, such as the maximum number of neighbor cells, and the resulting remainder is taken as the time slot that the communication device is to occupy.
  • FIG. 8 shows another multiplexing scheme. Different from the scheme shown in FIG. 7, cell 1 has 4 edge users, that is, cell 1 has edge user 6, and the scheme shown in FIG. 8 shows cell 1. How users 5 and 6 in the user further time division multiplex the edge pilots. It can be seen that in this scheme, the user 5 and the user 6 take turns occupying the time slot T1 allocated to the edge pilot ⁇ 3 of the cell 1. It should be understood that this is only an example, and other multiplexing methods may be employed.
  • FIG. 9 shows yet another multiplexing scheme.
  • each slot is equal in length and is composed of one basic slot, wherein the basic slot includes uplink pilot transmission, uplink data transmission, base station processing, and downlink data transmission.
  • each time slot may be composed of a plurality of basic time slots.
  • T1 is composed of two basic time slots. In the cell 1, the two basic time slots are used by the user 5 and the user 6, respectively. In cell 2, both basic time slots are used by user 3.
  • This multiplexing scheme is equivalent to combining both intra-cell multiplexing and inter-cell multiplexing.
  • each time slot may also be unequal length, for example, T1 is 3 basic time slots, T2 is 2 basic time slots, and T3 is 1 basic time slot.
  • the allocating unit 102 can dynamically determine the location of the time slot that the communication device is to occupy by signaling interaction between cells. In this way, the time slots of the pilot sequences in the second pilot group can be allocated more flexibly. For example, as long as one slot is satisfied, one edge pilot is only occupied by one edge user. For example, the allocation unit 102 interacts by X2 signaling between cells.
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of a simple application scenario of three cells, in which cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3 respectively include two center users 1 and 2, and cell 1 includes edge users 3, 4, and 5
  • cells 2 and 3 include only edge users 3, respectively. Therefore, as shown in (b) of FIG. 10, if the multiplexing scheme shown in FIG. 2 is still employed, pilots ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 will be in an idle state in slot 2 and slot 3.
  • the scheme shown in (c) of FIG. 10 is adopted, the users in the cell 3 can be configured to occupy the slots of the pilots, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the pilot sequences.
  • FIG. 11 shows an illustrative example of time division multiplexing of a central user. As shown in (a) of FIG. 11, there are three cells, four users per cell, three of which are center users, and one edge user, and there are four orthogonal pilot sequences, as shown in (b) of FIG.
  • one pilot sequence is the center pilot and the other three are edge pilots.
  • edge user 4 since there is only one edge user per cell, no multiplexing is needed and it can be used directly.
  • the central user since there are three central users in each cell, the center pilot needs to be time-division multiplexed.
  • the apparatus 100 can improve the utilization efficiency of the pilot sequence and improve the overall performance of the communication system by causing the communication device to perform intra-cell and/or inter-cell multiplexing on the pilot sequence.
  • the apparatus 200 further includes a notification unit 201 configured to allocate the The information of the pilot sequence and the time resource is notified to the corresponding communication device.
  • the information may be included, for example, in at least one of the following: PDCCH signaling and RRC signaling.
  • the transmission period of the pilot sequence and the subframe offset may be configured using RRC signaling, wherein the subframe offset of each of the communication devices participating in the multiplexing is different.
  • the allocation unit 102 may select an edge pilot sequence with a cyclic shift as an index according to the cell ID.
  • the apparatus 200 may further include a signaling generating unit (not shown in FIG. 12) that generates a transmission period including a pilot sequence, a subframe offset, and RRC signaling indicating cyclic shift information of the pilot sequence.
  • the pilot sequence herein may be an uplink pilot sequence allocation, such as an allocation of a sounding reference signal SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) in the LTE-A standard.
  • SRS Sounding Reference Signal
  • the target UE when the target UE is to multiplex a certain pilot sequence with other UEs, the target UE does not transmit the pilot when the other UEs occupy the slot, so the scheduler included in the device 200 ( Scheduler) Configuring the physical of the target UE based on the allocation of the pilot sequence
  • the resources are scheduled so that resources are not allocated to the target UE for data transmission to avoid resource waste.
  • the signaling generating unit is only downlink control information of a corresponding resource scheduling generated by other UEs other than the target UE, and is mapped to the PDCCH for transmission.
  • the notification unit 201 may be further configured to transmit information such as the user distribution of the own cell to the neighboring cell to implement inter-cell interaction.
  • the classification unit 101 classifies the communication devices at the cell edge into the second communication device group.
  • the classification unit may be configured to classify according to the channel condition of the communication device. For example, a communication device with a better channel condition is classified into a first communication device group, and a communication device with a poor channel condition is classified into a second communication device group.
  • the apparatus 300 for wireless communication further includes, in addition to the unit in the apparatus 100, a receiving unit 301 configured to receive channel quality measurement information and/or radio resources from the communication device.
  • the measurement report is managed for the classification unit 101 to determine the channel condition of the communication device.
  • the apparatus 300 may further include the notification unit 201 described in FIG.
  • the channel quality measurement information such as CQI
  • CQI is used to indicate the communication quality between the base station currently serving the communication device and the communication device.
  • the radio resource management measurement report is an indication of the signal reception strength of the communication device to the neighboring cell. For example, the transmission of the measurement report may be triggered only when certain conditions are met. For example, in LTE-A, the user equipment may report only the neighbor cell measurement result whose received signal strength is sufficiently large or satisfies a predetermined condition to the base station.
  • the receiving unit 301 receives at least one of the above two types of information, and the classifying unit 101 determines a channel condition of the communication device according to the received information, thereby classifying it into the first communication device group or the second communication device group, for example, when When the channel condition is good, it is considered to be the central user and classified into the first communication device group, and otherwise classified into the second communication device group.
  • the classification unit 101 classifies the communication device into the second communication device group. This is because when the received signal to the neighboring cell is strong, it indicates that the neighboring cell has caused serious interference to it, so its channel condition is poor and should be considered as an edge user. When there are reports of multiple neighboring cells, the communication device is considered to be an edge user if the strongest signal reception strength reaches a predetermined threshold.
  • the communication device may be determined as an edge user when the signal reception strength of the neighboring cell is higher than the signal reception strength of the local cell.
  • the determination may be made only according to the received signal strength of the local cell. For example, when the received signal strength of the local cell is lower than a predetermined threshold, the communication device is determined to be an edge user.
  • the corresponding condition may be dynamically configured according to requirements to perform edge user determination. For example, when there are more idle edge pilot sequences, the edge user determination request may be relaxed, and more users may be determined as edge users; When the frequency is not enough, a higher edge user decision condition can be set so that more users use the center pilot.
  • the classification unit 101 is configured to order the communication devices according to channel quality, and classify a predetermined number of communication devices having the optimal channel quality into the first communication device group and classify the remaining communication devices into In the second communication device group.
  • the classification is performed only based on, for example, the received signal strength of the own cell.
  • the predetermined number may be the number of pilot sequences in the first pilot group, that is, the central user uses mutually orthogonal pilots, and the edge user may multiplex the edge pilots.
  • the classification may be performed according to the signal reception strength of the neighboring cell.
  • the classification unit 101 sorts the communication devices according to the signal reception strength of the neighboring cells, and classifies the predetermined number of communication devices having the maximum signal strength into the first The second communication device group and the remaining communication devices are classified into the first communication device group.
  • the predetermined number may be the number of pilot sequences in the second pilot group, that is, the edge users use pilots that are orthogonal to each other, and the center user may need to multiplex the center pilot.
  • the communication device itself to make a judgment of whether it is a center user or an edge user, and notify the device 100 of the determination result.
  • the classification unit 101 can classify communication devices according to various other standards.
  • the classification unit 101 may be configured to perform classification according to an access order of the communication device, and the first accessed communication device is preferentially classified into the first communication device group.
  • the first pilot group is an exclusive pilot sequence
  • the second pilot group is a shared pilot sequence
  • one cell has multiple users
  • the time for the user to access the system is different, according to the first arrival
  • the first-come principle when a user accesses the system, if there is an idle exclusive pilot sequence, it is assigned to the user, otherwise it is assigned a time slot of the time-division multiplexed pilot sequence.
  • the allocating unit 102 may preferentially perform a multiplexing configuration on a communication device having a lower priority. For example, when a user accesses the system, it will simultaneously inform its QoS requirements, and QoS needs to be The higher the probability is, the higher the priority is, and the lower the packet is, the lower the allocation is.
  • the allocation unit 102 allocates the pilot sequence according to its QoS requirement. For example, for a communication device with a large data rate transmission with low delay requirement, the priority is executed. With configuration, it is assigned one or more time slots in time division multiplexing.
  • the operations performed by devices 100-300 can be dynamic.
  • the classification unit 101 is configured to dynamically perform classification based on the state of the communication device, and the allocation unit 102 dynamically performs the allocation and multiplexing configuration accordingly.
  • the classification unit 101 can re-execute the classification, and then the allocation unit 102 performs pilot sequence allocation according to the reclassified category, and performs the multiplexing configuration as necessary.
  • the classification unit 101 and the allocation unit 102 can also perform dynamic classification and allocation accordingly. That is, the classification unit 101 performs classification based on a trigger or request.
  • a certain central user when a certain central user moves, its communication quality may deteriorate, at which time it sends a request to the base station, and after receiving the request, the base station checks whether there is still a free time slot in the inner-edge pilot sequence of the own cell. If so, the central user is switched to an edge user and accesses the aforementioned idle time slot to ensure the communication quality. If not, notify the center user to remain the same.
  • the base station checks whether there is still a free center pilot sequence in the cell. If so, switch the edge user to the central user. If not, the edge user is notified to remain as it is.
  • the classification unit 101 can also periodically classify the communication device, for example, re-executing the classification when the predetermined cycle timing arrives. It can be understood that the classification unit 101 can also perform operations in combination with the periodic classification and the trigger (request) classification.
  • the apparatus 400 includes a transmitting unit 401 configured to transmit a request for a pilot sequence to a base station, and a receiving unit 402 configured to receive information about the assigned pilot sequence and time slot from the base station.
  • the transmitting unit 401 is further configured to transmit channel quality measurement information and/or a radio resource management measurement report to the base station. Then, the base station side classifies the communication device according to the received information, and allocates a pilot sequence, and allocates a time slot to be occupied if multiplexing is required.
  • the apparatus 400 may further include a determining unit 403 configured to determine whether the communication device in which the device is located is an edge communication device or a central communication device, and the transmitting unit 401 is configured to transmit a determination to the base station An identifier indicating whether the communication device is an edge communication device or a central communication device.
  • the determining unit 403 may determine according to the received signal strength of the neighboring cell and the received signal strength of the local cell, and when there is a neighboring cell whose received signal strength is greater than the received signal strength of the local cell, determine the communication device. For edge communication devices.
  • the receiving unit 402 may further receive a threshold for performing the above determination from the base station, and in a case where the received signal strength to the neighboring cell is greater than the threshold, the determining unit 403 determines the communication device as the edge communication device. Alternatively, when the received signal strength of the own cell is lower than the threshold, the determining unit 403 determines the communication device as the edge communication device.
  • the transmitting unit 402 transmits a corresponding judgment identifier to the base station to cause the base station to allocate a pilot sequence and a time slot thereto.
  • the base station side may perform the classification and allocation and multiplexing configuration by using the apparatus 100 according to the first to third embodiments, but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 15 shows a flowchart of a method for wireless communication in accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising: classifying communication devices in a cell, classifying the communication devices into a first communication device group and a second a plurality of communication device groups of the communication device group (S11); and assigning a pilot sequence in the first pilot group to the first communication device group and assigning a pilot sequence in the second pilot group to the second communication device group (S12), wherein, in the case where the number of pilot sequences is insufficient, at least one of the following multiplexing configurations is performed (S13): at least part of the communication devices in the second communication device group are multiplexed in the second pilot group At least one pilot sequence, at least one of the second group of communication devices The communication device multiplexes at least one pilot sequence in the second pilot group with at least one of the second communication device groups of the neighboring cells that are also classified.
  • the pilot sequences in the first pilot group and the second pilot group are orthogonal to each other.
  • the above multiplexing may be time division multiplexing, or may be frequency division multiplexing or code division multiplexing.
  • the communication devices at the cell edge are sorted into the second communication device group in step S11. For example, it can be classified according to the channel condition of the communication device.
  • the above method may further include step S21 before step S11: receiving channel quality measurement information from the communication device and/or a radio resource management measurement report for determining the communication in step S11.
  • the channel condition of the device may be also possible for the communication device itself to determine its channel condition and make a determination as to whether it is an edge user or a central user based on the channel condition, in which case, in step S21, a determination flag indicating the result of the determination from the communication device is received, And in step S11, classification is performed based on the received judgment flag.
  • the radio resource management measurement report includes the signal reception strength of the communication device to the neighboring cell.
  • the signal reception strength of the neighboring cell is greater than a predetermined threshold, the communication device is classified into the second communication device group in step S11.
  • the communication devices are ordered according to channel quality in step S11, and a predetermined number of communication devices having the best channel quality are classified into the first communication device group and the remaining communication devices are classified into the second communication.
  • the predetermined number may be the number of pilot sequences in the first pilot group.
  • the signal reception strengths of the neighboring cells may be sorted in step S11, and a predetermined number of communication devices having the maximum signal reception strength are classified into the second communication device group and the remaining communication devices are classified into the first In the communication device group.
  • the predetermined number may be the number of pilot sequences in the second pilot group.
  • the communication device may be classified according to the access order of the communication device, and the first accessed communication device is preferentially classified into the first communication device group.
  • the multiplexing configuration is preferentially performed on the communication device having a lower priority in step S11.
  • Steps S11-S13 can be performed dynamically, for example, according to the state of the communication device.
  • the pilot sequences in the first pilot group corresponding to the adjacent cells are identical to each other, and the pilot sequences in the second pilot group corresponding to the adjacent cells are different from each other.
  • the pilot sequence included in the second pilot group corresponding to the cell may be determined based on the cell ID.
  • the first pilot group and the second pilot group may be preset or may be notified by a control terminal above the base station. Alternatively, the base station side itself performs grouping. Specific details have been described in the first embodiment and will not be repeated here.
  • the time resource is for transmitting at least one pilot sequence in the multiplexed second pilot group.
  • the different time resources correspond to different time slots.
  • the communication device configured to occupy other time slots does not send any data or pilot sequence.
  • At least a part of the pilot sequences in the second pilot group corresponding to the adjacent cells may be identical to each other, and at least part of the communication devices in the second communication device group and the second in the neighboring cell are made in step S13.
  • the communication device in the group of communication devices multiplexes the portion of the pilot sequence.
  • a time slot in a frame occupied by the communication device in the second communication device group is determined in step S13 to coordinate with the adjacent cell. That is, the communication devices in the second group of communication devices of different cells are guaranteed to use pilot sequences that are orthogonal to each other at the same time.
  • the location of the time slot to be occupied by the communication device may be determined according to the ID of the cell in step S13.
  • the location of the time slot to be occupied by the communication device can also be dynamically determined by the signaling interaction between the cells in step S13. A more flexible multiplexing configuration can be performed when there is signaling interaction between cells.
  • the above method may further include step S31: notifying the information of the allocated pilot sequence and time resource to the corresponding communication device.
  • the information may be included in at least one of PDCCH signaling and RRC signaling.
  • a classification unit, an allocation unit, a determination unit, and the like in the above-described apparatus may be implemented by one or more processors, such as a notification unit, a receiving unit, a transmitting unit, and the like.
  • processors such as a notification unit, a receiving unit, a transmitting unit, and the like.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device (1) comprising: a circuit configured to classify communication devices in a cell, classifying the communication device into a first communication device group and a second communication device a plurality of communication device groups of the group; and assigning a pilot sequence in the first pilot group to the first communication device group, and assigning a pilot sequence in the second pilot group to the second communication device group, wherein In case the number of frequency sequences is insufficient, at least one of the following multiplexing configurations is performed: at least part of the communication devices in the second communication device group multiplex at least one pilot sequence in the second pilot group, the second communication device At least one communication device in the group multiplexes at least one pilot sequence in the second pilot group with at least one of the second communication device groups of the neighboring cells that are also classified.
  • the present invention also proposes a program product for storing an instruction code readable by a machine.
  • the instruction code is read and executed by a machine, the above-described method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be performed.
  • a storage medium for carrying a program product storing the above-described storage machine readable instruction code is also included in the disclosure of the present invention.
  • the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a memory card, a memory stick, and the like.
  • a program constituting the software is installed from a storage medium or a network to a computer having a dedicated hardware structure (for example, the general-purpose computer 1600 shown in FIG. 16), which is installed with various programs. At the time, it is possible to perform various functions and the like.
  • a central processing unit (CPU) 1601 executes various processes in accordance with a program stored in a read only memory (ROM) 1602 or a program loaded from a storage portion 1608 to a random access memory (RAM) 1603.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • data required when the CPU 1601 executes various processes and the like is also stored as needed.
  • the CPU 1601, the ROM 1602, and the RAM 1603 are connected to each other via a bus 1604.
  • Input/output interface 1605 is also coupled to bus 1604.
  • the following components are connected to the input/output interface 1605: an input portion 1606 (including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.), an output portion 1607 (including a display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.),
  • the storage portion 1608 (including a hard disk or the like), the communication portion 1609 (including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, etc.).
  • the communication section 1609 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet.
  • Driver 1610 can also be coupled to input/output interface 1605 as desired.
  • a removable medium 1611 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory or the like is mounted on the drive 1610 as needed, so that the computer program read therefrom is installed into the storage portion 1608 as needed.
  • a program constituting the software is installed from a network such as the Internet or a storage medium such as the removable medium 1611.
  • such a storage medium is not limited to the removable medium 1611 shown in FIG. 16 in which a program is stored and distributed separately from the device to provide a program to the user.
  • the removable medium 1611 include a magnetic disk (including a floppy disk (registered trademark)), an optical disk (including a compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disk (DVD)), and a magneto-optical disk (including a mini disk (MD) (registered) Trademark)) and semiconductor memory.
  • the storage medium may be a ROM 1602, a hard disk included in the storage portion 1608, or the like, in which programs are stored, and distributed to the user together with the device containing them.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种用于无线通信的装置和方法，该装置包括：分类单元，被配置为对该装置所在的小区中的通信设备进行分类，将通信设备分类为包含第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的多个通信设备组；以及分配单元，被配置为为第一通信设备组分配第一导频组中的导频序列，并为第二通信设备组分配第二导频组中的导频序列，其中，在导频序列的数量不足的情况下，执行如下复用配置中的至少一种：第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列，第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备与同样进行了分类的相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备分别复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。 (图1)

Description

无线通信的装置和方法 技术领域
本发明的实施例总体上涉及无线通信领域，具体地涉及用于无线通信的装置和方法，更具体地，本发明的实施例涉及大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)通信系统中的导频分配技术。
背景技术
大规模MIMO系统近年来受到了学术界与工业界的广泛关注。理论研究表明，通过采用简单的线性算法，如迫零算法，最小均方误差算法等，大规模MIMO系统能够同时显著提高系统的频谱效率与能量效率，因此很有可能被下一代通信标准采纳为关键技术。
然而，例如在多小区时分复用情景下的大规模MIMO系统性能受限于导频污染问题。具体地，由于导频长度受限于信道相干长度，因此正交导频的个数是有限的，不同小区间不可避免的会出现导频重复利用的情况。此时，不同小区中采用相同的导频序列的用户，其发送的导频信号可能会被相邻小区的基站接收到，而基站却无法有效区分这些导频信号，导致基站处的上行信道估计受到干扰。当基站使用受到干扰的信道估计进行上行数据检测时，除了会接收到本小区的用户所发送的数据外，还会接收到其他小区用户的数据，从而造成了上行链路的小区间干扰；当基站使用受到干扰的信道估计生成预编码矩阵并发送下行数据时，除本小区用户外，其他小区的用户也会接收到数据，从而造成了下行链路的小区间干扰。
理论研究表明，虽然大规模MIMO系统的频谱效率与能量效率都能够显著提高，同时随着基站天线数的增加，噪声与信道估计误差对于系统性能的影响越来越小，但是导频污染所造成的小区间干扰却无法消除，并且成为了大规模MIMO系统的性能限制因素之一。
而现有的缓解导频污染问题的方法往往难以适应当前的技术条件，因此实际应用中，导频污染仍然是大规模MIMO系统所面临的严重问题之一。
发明内容
在下文中给出了关于本发明的简要概述，以便提供关于本发明的某些方面的基本理解。应当理解，这个概述并不是关于本发明的穷举性概述。它并不是意图确定本发明的关键或重要部分，也不是意图限定本发明的范围。其目的仅仅是以简化的形式给出某些概念，以此作为稍后论述的更详细描述的前序。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的装置，包括：分类单元，被配置为对该装置所在的小区中的通信设备进行分类，将通信设备分类为包含第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的多个通信设备组；以及分配单元，被配置为为第一通信设备组分配第一导频组中的导频序列，并为第二通信设备组分配第二导频组中的导频序列，其中，在导频序列的数量不足的情况下，执行如下复用配置中的至少一种：第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列，第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备与同样进行了分类的相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：为小区中的通信设备进行分类，将通信设备分类为包含第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的多个通信设备组；以及为第一通信设备组分配第一导频组中的导频序列，并为第二通信设备组分配第二导频组中的导频序列，其中，在导频序列的数量不足的情况下，执行如下复用配置中的至少一种：第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列，第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备与同样进行了分类的相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
根据本申请的又一个方面，还提供一种用于无线通信的装置，包括：一个或多个处理器，被配置为为小区中的通信设备进行分类，将通信设备分类为包含第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的多个通信设备组；以及为第一通信设备组分配第一导频组中的导频序列，并为第二通信设备组分配第二导频组中的导频序列，其中，在导频序列的数量不足的情况下，执行如下复用配置中的至少一种：第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列，第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备与同样进行了分类的相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
依据本发明的其它方面，还提供了用于实现上述用于无线通信的方法的计算机程序代码和计算机程序产品以及其上记录有该用于实现上述用于无线通信的方法的计算机程序代码的计算机可读存储介质。
根据本发明的装置和方法通过使部分通信设备复用导频序列，能够获得下述效果的至少之一：减轻导频污染问题，提高导频序列的利用效率，提高基站对上行信道估计的准确率，改善基站基于上行信道估计进行的下行预编码而改善通信设备的通信质量，以及提升系统的整体性能。
通过以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例的详细说明，本发明的上述以及其他优点将更加明显。
附图说明
为了进一步阐述本发明的以上和其它优点和特征，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。所述附图连同下面的详细说明一起包含在本说明书中并且形成本说明书的一部分。具有相同的功能和结构的元件用相同的参考标号表示。应当理解，这些附图仅描述本发明的典型示例，而不应看作是对本发明的范围的限定。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的装置的框图；
图2示出了小区内第二通信设备组中的通信设备复用导频序列的一个示意性示例；
图3示出了采用传统方法与本申请的时分复用的方法的系统性能的对比曲线图；
图4示出了一个更接近实际情形的多小区多用户的移动蜂窝系统的示意图；
图5示出了基于图4的移动蜂窝系统的仿真结果；
图6示出了一种非均匀时分复用方案的示例；
图7示出了相邻小区间复用边缘导频的方案的一个示例；
图8示出了相邻小区间复用边缘导频的方案的另一个示例；
图9示出了相邻小区间复用边缘导频的方案的另一个示例；
图10示出了通过信令交互来调整复用方案的一个示例；
图11是示出了小区内复用中心导频的方案的一个示例；
图12是示出了根据本申请的另一个实施例的用于无线通信的装置的框图；
图13是示出了根据本申请的另一个实施例的用于无线通信的装置的框图；
图14是示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的通信设备侧的装置的框图；
图15是示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的方法的流程图；以及
图16是其中可以实现根据本发明的实施例的方法和/或装置和/或系统的通用个人计算机的示例性结构的框图。
具体实施方式
在下文中将结合附图对本发明的示范性实施例进行描述。为了清楚和简明起见，在说明书中并未描述实际实施方式的所有特征。然而，应该了解，在开发任何这种实际实施例的过程中必须做出很多特定于实施方式的决定，以便实现开发人员的具体目标，例如，符合与系统及业务相关的那些限制条件，并且这些限制条件可能会随着实施方式的不同而有所改变。此外，还应该了解，虽然开发工作有可能是非常复杂和费时的，但对得益于本公开内容的本领域技术人员来说，这种开发工作仅仅是例行的任务。
在此，还需要说明的一点是，为了避免因不必要的细节而模糊了本发明，在附图中仅仅示出了与根据本发明的方案密切相关的设备结构和/或处理步骤，而省略了与本发明关系不大的其他细节。
<第一实施例>
图1示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的装置100的结构框图，装置100包括：分类单元101，被配置为对该装置100所在的小区中的通信设备进行分类，将通信设备分类为包含第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的多个通信设备组；以及分配单元102，被配置为为第一通信设备组分配第一导频组中的导频序列，并为第二通信设备组分配第二导频组中的导频序列，其中，在导频序列的数量不足的情况下，执行如下复用配置中的至少一种：第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备复用第二导频 组中的至少一个导频序列，第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备与同样进行了分类的相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
例如，在蜂窝移动通信中，装置100可以为基站设备。此外，这里虽然示出了装置100为基站设备作为示例，但是并不限于此，装置100例如还可以是C-RAN(Cloud-RAN/Centralized-RAN)结构下(可能不存在小区概念)的基带云设备，例如C-RAN架构下的彼此高速连通的BBU池中的任一BBU。这里所述的通信设备可以是用户设备比如具有蜂窝通信能力的移动终端、智能车辆、智能穿戴设备等，也可以是和宏基站进行无线通信的基础设施比如小小区基站。
其中，第一导频组和第二导频组可以是针对每个小区预先配置的，例如通过OAM配置实现，也可以是由管理多个小区的控制装置进行分组并通知给各个小区的，在这种情况下，控制装置为其管理范围内的每一个小区分别确定第一导频组和第二导频组。例如，控制装置可以被实现为任何类型的服务器，用于为多个小区/基站提供控制服务，诸如塔式服务器、机架式服务器以及刀片式服务器。控制装置可以为安装在服务器上的控制模块(诸如包括单个晶片的集成电路模块，以及插入到刀片式服务器的槽中的卡或刀片(blade))。通过管理多个小区的控制装置进行分组的优势在于可以例如综合考虑各个小区的第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的包含的设备数量分布动态地调整各个小区第一导频组和第二导频组包含的导频序列，从而优化整体通信质量以及多个小区整体的导频利用效率。
此外，虽然图1中未示出，但是装置100还可以包括分组单元，被配置为将用于无线通信的导频序列分至第一导频组和第二导频组，以分别分配给第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组。在这种情况下，可以根据例如第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组中设备数量分布的变化来改变第一导频组和第二导频组中导频序列的数目，即，实现更为灵活的动态分组，进一步提高导频序列的利用效率。
如前所述，受限于信道相干长度，可用的导频序列的数目是有限的。因此需要采用各种技术来提高导频序列的利用效率，以及减少邻小区之间的导频污染。在装置100中，导频序列被划分为第一导频组和第二导频组，分别分配给不同的通信设备组，并且通过分配单元102在小区内或小区之间进行第二导频组中的导频序列的复用。
第一导频组和第二导频组中的导频序列优选是相互正交的。但是作为 一个可选的示例，第一导频组和第二导频组中的导频序列也可以是部分交叠的，从而增加导频序列分配的灵活度，满足小区通信设备数量突增等导频序列数量不足的场景。
以上所述的复用优选地为时分复用，即不同的通信设备占用不同的时间资源，以避免导频污染。可选地，该复用还可以为码分复用。在下文中将以时分复用方式作为示例进行具体描述，但是应该注意，这种描述并不是限制性的，而是可以扩展到其他复用方式。
在一个示例中，分类单元101被配置为将处于小区边缘的通信设备分类至第二通信设备组中。换言之，第二通信设备组为边缘通信设备组。相应地，第一通信设备组为中心通信设备组。其中，小区边缘通信设备容易受到相邻小区的通信设备的干扰，而小区中心通信设备则具有较好的信道条件，受到相邻小区的干扰很小。
因此，可以进行如下配置：相邻的小区分别对应的第一导频组中的至少一部分导频序列彼此相同，且相邻的小区分别对应的第二导频组中的导频序列彼此不同。借此，通过区分小区边缘和中心区域不同的信道情况来分配导频序列，使得有限的导频序列被充分利用的同时而避免了导频污染的问题。在下文中也将第一导频组中的导频序列称为中心导频，第二导频组中的导频称为边缘导频。
在这种情况下，装置100例如可以基于小区的小区ID(CID)确定小区对应的第二导频组所包含的导频序列。具体地，例如，可以由以上提及的控制装置将要分配给小区边缘通信设备的所有导频序列划分为多个导频子组，然后根据小区ID为每个小区分配导频子组中的一个，例如可以根据mod(CID,N)分配，例如在至少有3个导频子组的情况下，根据CID模3的值确定具有该CID的小区的导频子组序号，可保证相邻的小区不会被分配到相同的导频子组，也可以根据染色法等方式计算后分配。此外，导频子组也可以是事先设定的，例如通过OAM配置的，装置100直接根据CID即可确定分配给本小区的边缘通信设备的导频序列。
由于相邻小区间使用不同的导频子组，每个小区的导频子组内的导频序列个数很可能非常有限，根据本发明的一个示例，当小区对应的第二导频组所包含的导频序列的数量少于第二通信设备组中的通信设备的数量时，分配单元102配置第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备占用不同时间资源以用于发送复用的第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。通过使几个通信设备在时间上复用一个导频序列，可以避免导频污染并且提高导频序 列的利用效率。
其中，不同时间资源例如对应于不同的时隙，对于一个时隙，被配置占用其他时隙来发送导频序列的通信设备不发送任何数据或导频序列。当然，对于一个时隙，被配置占用其他时隙的通信设备也可以仅发送数据。此外，时间资源也可以指的是子帧或帧等，即，将不同的子帧或帧分配给不同的通信设备。虽然以下的描述以时隙作为时间资源的示例，但是本申请并不限于此，时间资源也可以是其他定义的时间单位。
图2示出了小区内第二通信设备组中的通信设备复用导频序列的一个示意性示例，其中，左侧为多小区多用户的移动蜂窝网场景，假定小区半径为500米，传播路径损耗指数为2，不考虑阴影衰落效应，且假设用户位置固定，忽略噪声的影响。如图2所示，假设小区1-3分别有5个用户，可用正交导频序列的总数为5个，其中分配给三个小区的中心用户(用户1和用户2)的第一导频组为{φ1,φ2}，分配给三个小区的边缘用户(用户3、用户4和用户5)的第二导频组分别为{φ3}、{φ4}和{φ5}。
中心用户可以直接使用第一导频组中的导频序列，相邻小区的中心用户使用相同的导频序列。而对于边缘用户，分配单元102使得小区内的三个边缘用户以时分复用的方式来共享一个导频序列。具体的导频序列分配情况如图2的右侧所示。可以看出，在该示例中，中心用户1和2分别占用φ1和φ2的全部时隙，而各个小区中的边缘用户3分别占用φ3、φ4和φ5的时隙1，边缘用户4分别占用φ3、φ4和φ5的时隙2，边缘用户5分别占用φ3、φ4和φ5的时隙3，这样，在同一时刻，在各个小区中第二导频组中的导频序列仅被一个用户占用，从而避免了小区内以及小区间的导频污染，并且由于采用了时分复用，允许多于导频序列数量的多个用户使用相同的导频序列，并且很好地辅助了前述的相邻小区间使用不同的第二导频组的技术方案。
图3示出了该示例中用户的平均上行链路的容量随基站天线数M变化的趋势。其中，第i个小区内中心用户的平均上行链路容量计算公式为：
Ci＝E{log2(1+SINRik)},k＝1,...,K1     (1)
其中，共有K1个中心用户，SINRik表示第i个小区内第k个中心用户的信号干扰噪声比。类似地，边缘用户的平均上行链路容量计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2016072277-appb-000001
其中，K为全部用户数量，因子1/K2表示时分复用方式带来的效率因子。图3中的实线示出了针对中心用户而言分别使用传统方法和本申请的时分复用的方法(基于TDMA方案)获得的平均上行链路容量，虚线示出了针对边缘用户两种方法的性能对比，其中，三角形代表传统方法，圆形代表本申请的方法。可以看出，本申请的时分复用的方法可以为中心用户提供细微的性能增益，这是因为传统方法中一个小区内有K个用户在同时进行通信，而在本申请的方法中，任何一个时隙内，一个小区内的通信用户数小于K，因此小区内的干扰减少。而对于边缘用户，传统方法由于存在导频污染的问题，边缘用户的容量很低，且不能随着基站天线数的增加而增加，如图所示，约为0.5bps/Hz。使用本申请的方法，边缘用户通过时分复用的方式共享边缘导频，完全消除了导频污染的问题，在天线数较少时，性能和传统方法接近，但当天线数增加时，由于没有导频污染的问题，边缘用户的上行链路容量可以大大增加。例如，当基站天线数M＝128时，该示例中边缘用户的上行链路容量大约是传统方法中的3倍。
图4示出了另一个更复杂更接近实际情形的多小区多用户的移动蜂窝系统的示意图，针对该系统进行仿真以获得传统方法与本申请的方法的性能对比。其中，共有L＝7个小区，基站天线数M取值从3至128，小区内用户数K(即总的导频序列数)为14，中心导频数K1为7，小区半径R为500米，小区边缘信噪比SNR为20dB，用户平均发射能量为0dB，基站平均发射能量为10dB，路径损耗指数α为2，对数分布的阴影衰落σ为8dB。
第j个小区中的第k个用户到第i个小区的基站之间信道的大尺度衰落系数βijk由下式(3)生成：
Figure PCTCN2016072277-appb-000002
其中，zijk表示阴影衰落效应系数，服从标准差σ＝8dB的对数分布(10log10(zijk)服从均值为0、标准差为σ的高斯分布)，rijk表示第j个小区中的第k个用户到第i个小区的基站之间的距离。在每一次仿真中，用户的位置都是随机产生的。图4中的方块和三角分别表示中心用户和边缘用户(有关中心用户和边缘用户的分类将会在后文中具体描述)。
图5示出了该复杂场景中用户的平均上行链路信道容量。可以看出，对于中心用户，传统方法和本申请的时分复用的方法，性能基本相似。但 是对于边缘用户，由于实际的系统中相邻小区个数较多(达到6个)，因此导频污染的问题非常严重，边缘用户几乎不能完成和基站的通信，即使基站天线数M达到最大的128时，依然只有约0.1bps/Hz的信道容量。而使用本申请的方法，边缘用户的上行信道容量可以随着基站天线数M的增加而增加，在基站天线数M为128时，上行信道容量达到约1bps/Hz，和传统方法相比，大大提高了边缘用户的通信质量。
注意，在以上示例中，各个时隙在时间上是等长的，但是也可以设置为各个时隙是不等长的。并且，每个小区的分配单元102可以自行决定边缘用户复用导频资源的方式，例如自行决定某一个边缘用户占用哪一个或哪几个时隙。图6示出了一种非均匀时分复用方案的示例，小区1中，边缘用户(UE)5被分配了6个时隙中的3个，边缘用户3被分配了2个，而边缘用户1仅被分配了1个时隙。小区2中，分配方式是按照固定的循环顺序的。小区3中，分配方式是灵活变动的。当然，该示例中的时隙也可以用子帧或帧等来代替。
在以上的描述中，相邻的小区分别对应的第二导频组中的导频序列彼此不同。然而，也可以进行如下配置：相邻的小区分别对应的第二导频组中的至少一部分导频序列彼此相同，且分配单元102被配置为使得第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备与相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的通信设备复用该部分导频序列。
换言之，由于相邻小区间使用不同的导频子组，每个小区的导频子组内的导频序列个数很可能非常有限，根据本发明的一个示例，可以在小区之间复用部分导频序列。这里所述的复用可以是时分复用和码分复用中的一种。仍以时分复用为例，针对上述部分导频序列中的每一个，分配单元102可以被配置为确定第二通信设备组中的通信设备占用的一帧中的时隙以与相邻的小区协调。即，只要保证每个时隙中各个小区的第二通信设备组中的通信设备使用的导频序列是相互正交的即可。
仍以图2中的简单系统为例，第一通信设备组包括用户1和2，第二通信设备组包括用户3、4和5，第一导频组包括导频φ1和φ2(中心导频)，第二导频组包括导频φ3、φ4和φ5(边缘导频)。图7-9示出了相邻小区间复用边缘导频的方案的示例。
如图7所示，在时隙T1中，边缘导频φ3、φ4和φ5被小区1中的三个边缘用户使用，作为一个示例，小区2和3中的边缘用户处于睡眠状态，即不发送数据和导频。类似地，在时隙T2中，边缘导频φ3、φ4和φ5被小区2 中的三个边缘用户使用，小区1和3中的边缘用户处于睡眠状态；在时隙T3中，边缘导频φ3、φ4和φ5被小区3中的三个边缘用户使用，小区1和2中的边缘用户处于睡眠状态。当然，针对每一个时隙，不占用该时隙的小区的边缘用户也可以在该时隙中仅发送数据。
作为一个示例，分配单元102被配置为根据小区的ID来确定通信设备要占用的时隙的位置。例如，可以将小区ID对预定数值比如最大相邻小区个数取模并将所得到的余数作为其通信设备要占用的时隙。
图8示出了另一种复用方案，与图7所示的方案不同的是，小区1有4个边缘用户，即小区1存在边缘用户6，图8所示的方案示出了小区1中的用户5和用户6如何进一步对边缘导频进行时分复用。可以看出，在该方案中，用户5和用户6轮流占用分配给小区1的边缘导频φ3的时隙T1。应该理解，这仅是一种示例，也可以采用其他的复用方式。
图9示出了又一种复用方案。在图7和图8的方案中，各个时隙的长度是相等的，均为一个基本时隙构成，其中基本时隙包括上行导频传输、上行数据传输、基站处理和下行数据传输四部分。但是，各个时隙可以由多个基本时隙构成，如图9所示，T1由2个基本时隙构成，在小区1中，这两个基本时隙分别被用户5和用户6使用，而在小区2中，两个基本时隙均由用户3使用。该复用方案相当于结合了小区内复用和小区间复用两者。此外，各个时隙也可以是不等长的，例如，T1为3个基本时隙，T2为2个基本时隙，T3为1个基本时隙等。
可以理解，复用方案的设置并不限于图7-9所示出的示例，而是可以根据实际需要和用户分布情况改变。
作为另一个示例，分配单元102可以通过小区间的信令交互来动态确定通信设备要占用的时隙的位置。以这种方式，可以更加灵活地分配第二导频组中的导频序列的时隙。例如，只要满足一个时隙内，一个边缘导频只被一个边缘用户占用即可。例如，分配单元102通过小区间的X2信令来进行交互。
例如，当各个小区中边缘用户的分布不均衡时，可以通过小区间的信令交互来通报这种情形并相应地调整复用方案。图10中的(a)示出了一种三小区的简单应用场景的示例，其中小区1、小区2和小区3分别包括两个中心用户1和2，小区1包括边缘用户3、4和5，但是，与图2中不同的是，小区2和3分别仅包括边缘用户3。因此，如图10的(b)所示， 如果仍采用图2中所示的复用方案，则在时隙2和时隙3中，导频φ3和φ4将处于空闲状态。而如果采用图10的(c)所示的方案，可以配置小区3中的用户来占用这些导频的时隙，从而提高了导频序列的利用效率。
以上描述了复用第二导频组中的导频序列的情形，还可以使得第一通信设备组中的通信设备复用第一导频组中的导频序列。例如，在图2、图4或图10所示的场景中，如果边缘用户数量较少但是通信要求较高，而中心用户数量较多时，可以使得中心用户复用中心导频。图11示出了中心用户时分复用的一个示意性示例。如图11的(a)所示，共有3个小区，每个小区4个用户，其中3个中心用户，1个边缘用户，共有4个正交导频序列，如图11的(b)所示，其中1个导频序列为中心导频，其余3个为边缘导频。对于边缘用户4而言，由于每一个小区只有一个边缘用户，因此不需要复用，可以直接使用。而对于中心用户，由于每个小区有三个中心用户，因此需要对中心导频进行时分复用。
综上所述，根据本申请的装置100通过使通信设备对导频序列进行小区内和/或小区间复用，可以提高导频序列的利用效率，同时提高通信系统的整体性能。
<第二实施例>
图12示出了根据本申请的另一个实施例的用于无线通信的装置200的框图，除了图1所述的单元之外，装置200还包括：通知单元201，被配置为将所分配的导频序列和时间资源的信息通知到相应的通信设备。
该信息例如可以包含在以下至少之一中：PDCCH信令和RRC信令。
例如，可以使用RRC信令来配置导频序列的传输周期以及子帧偏移，其中，每个参与复用的通信设备的子帧偏移不同。其中，如前所述，分配单元102可以根据小区ID选择以循环位移作为索引的边缘导频序列。装置200还可以包括信令生成单元(图12中未示出)，生成包含导频序列的传输周期、子帧偏移以及指示导频序列的循环移位信息的RRC信令。
其中，这里的导频序列可以是上行导频序列分配，比如LTE-A标准中的探测参考信号SRS(Sounding Reference Signal)的分配。
此外，在本发明的一个示例中，当目标UE要与其他UE复用某个导频序列时，在其他UE占用时隙的时候目标UE不发送导频，因此装置200中包含的调度器(scheduler)基于导频序列的分配配置对目标UE的物理 资源进行调度，从而不分配资源给目标UE进行数据传输以避免资源浪费。例如针对在相应时隙的资源块(RB)，信令生成单元仅为除了目标UE以外的其他UE生成的相应的资源调度的下行控制信息，并映射至PDCCH上以便发送。
在如第一实施例中所述存在小区间交互的情况下，通知单元201还可以被配置为向相邻小区发送本小区的用户分布情况等信息以实现小区间交互。
<第三实施例>
如第一实施例中所述，分类单元101将处于小区边缘的通信设备分类至第二通信设备组中。在本实施例中，分类单元可以被配置为根据通信设备的信道情况进行分类。例如，将信道情况较好的通信设备分类到第一通信设备组中，将信道情况较差的通信设备分类到第二通信设备组中。
如图13所示，根据本实施例的用于无线通信的装置300除了装置100中的单元之外还包括：接收单元301，被配置为接收来自通信设备的信道质量测量信息以及/或者无线资源管理测量报告以用于分类单元101确定该通信设备的信道情况。虽然图13中未示出，但是装置300还可以包括图12中所述的通知单元201。
其中，信道质量测量信息比如CQI用于指示当前服务于通信设备的基站与通信设备之间的通信质量。无线资源管理测量报告则是指示通信设备对邻小区的信号接收强度，例如，可以仅在满足一定条件时触发该测量报告的发送。例如，在LTE-A中，用户设备可以仅将接收信号强度足够大或者满足预定条件的邻小区测量结果报告给基站。
接收单元301接收上述两种信息中的至少一个，并且分类单元101根据所接收的信息来确定通信设备的信道情况，从而将其分类到第一通信设备组或第二通信设备组，例如，当信道情况较好时，认为其是中心用户并将其分类到第一通信设备组中，反之将其分类到第二通信设备组中。
在一个示例中，当对邻小区的信号接收强度在预定阈值以上时，分类单元101将该通信设备分类到第二通信设备组中。这是因为，当对邻小区的接收信号强时，说明邻小区对其造成了较为严重的干扰，因此其信道情况较差，应该被认为是边缘用户。当存在多个邻小区的报告时，若其中最强的信号接收强度达到预定阈值即可认为该通信设备是边缘用户。
此外，还可以在对邻小区的信号接收强度高于本小区的信号接收强度时，将该通信设备判断为边缘用户。当然，也可以仅根据本小区的接收信号强度来进行判断，比如当本小区的接收信号强度低于预定阈值时，将该通信设备判断为边缘用户。
进一步地，还可以根据需要动态配置相应的条件来进行边缘用户的判定，例如，当空闲的边缘导频序列较多时，可以放松边缘用户判定要求，将更多用户判定为边缘用户；当边缘导频不够用时，可设置较高的边缘用户判定条件，以使得更多的用户使用中心导频。
在另一个示例中，分类单元101被配置为按照信道质量对通信设备进行排序，并且将具有最优信道质量的预定数量的通信设备分类到第一通信设备组中并将其余通信设备分类到第二通信设备组中。在这种情况下，仅根据例如本小区的接收信号强度来进行分类。其中，预定数量可以为第一导频组中导频序列的数量，即，中心用户使用相互正交的导频，边缘用户可能要复用边缘导频。
此外，还可以根据对邻小区的信号接收强度来进行分类，例如，分类单元101按照对邻小区的信号接收强度对通信设备进行排序，并且将具有最大信号强度的预定数量的通信设备分类到第二通信设备组中并将其余通信设备分类到第一通信设备组中。其中，预定数量可以为第二导频组中导频序列的数量，即，边缘用户使用彼此正交的导频，中心用户可能需要复用中心导频。
当然，也可以由通信设备自身进行是中心用户还是边缘用户的判断，并将判断结果通知给装置100。
除了根据信道情况进行分类以外，分类单元101还可以根据其他各种标准对通信设备进行分类。
例如，分类单元101可以被配置为根据通信设备的接入顺序来进行分类，先接入的通信设备优先被分类到第一通信设备组中。在这种情况下，例如，第一导频组为独占的导频序列，第二导频组为共享的导频序列，一个小区有多个用户，用户接入系统的时间不同，根据先到先得的原则，当某个用户接入系统时，如果有空闲的独占导频序列，则分配给该用户，否则就为其分配时分复用的导频序列的某个时隙。
作为另一个示例，分配单元102可以优先对优先级低的通信设备执行复用配置。例如，当用户接入系统时，会同时告知其QoS需求，QoS需 求越高，代表其优先级越高，反之越低，分配单元102根据其QoS需求对其进行导频序列的分配，例如对于延时要求不高的大数据量传输的通信设备，优先执行复用配置，为其分配时分复用中的一个或多个时隙。
此外，装置100-300执行的操作可以是动态的。具体地，分类单元101被配置为基于通信设备的状态动态执行分类，并且分配单元102相应地动态执行分配和复用配置。
例如，当通信设备的信道情况变化时，分类单元101可以重新执行分类，然后分配单元102根据重新分类后的类别进行导频序列分配，并在必要时执行复用配置。或者，当通信设备的优先级改变时，分类单元101和分配单元102也可以相应地进行动态分类和分配。即，分类单元101执行基于触发或请求的分类。
示例性地，当某个中心用户移动时，其通信质量可能恶化，这时它向基站发送请求，基站接收到请求后检查本小区内边缘导频序列中是否还有空闲的时隙。如果有，则将该中心用户切换为边缘用户并接入前述空闲时隙，以保证其通信质量。如果没有，则通知该中心用户保持原状。
类似地，当某个边缘用户的信道质量好转从而想要获取更高的数据传输速率时，它向基站发送请求，基站接收到请求后检查本小区内是否还有空闲的中心导频序列。如果有，则将该边缘用户切换为中心用户。如果没有，则通知该边缘用户保持原状。
此外，分类单元101还可以对通信设备进行周期性地分类，例如在预定周期定时到达时即重新执行分类。可以理解，分类单元101也可以结合使用周期性分类和触发(请求)分类两种方式来执行操作。
<第四实施例>
下面参照图14描述通信设备侧的装置400的结构框图。该装置400包括：发送单元401，被配置为向基站发送对导频序列的请求；以及接收单元402，被配置为接收来自基站的关于所分配的导频序列以及时隙的信息。
在一个示例中，发送单元401还被配置为向基站发送信道质量测量信息以及/或者无线资源管理测量报告。然后，基站侧根据所接收到的这些信息对本通信设备进行分类，并分配导频序列，在需要复用的情况下，还分配所要占用的时隙。
此外，如图14中的虚线框所示，装置400还可以包括确定单元403，被配置为确定装置所在的通信设备是边缘通信设备还是中心通信设备，并且发送单元401被配置为向基站发送判断标识，该判断标识指示该通信设备是边缘通信设备还是中心通信设备。
作为一个示例，确定单元403可以根据对邻小区的接收信号强度和本小区的接收信号强度来进行确定，当存在其接收信号强度大于本小区的接收信号强度的邻小区时，则将通信设备确定为边缘通信设备。
可替选地，接收单元402还可以从基站接收用于进行上述确定的阈值，在对邻小区的接收信号强度大于该阈值的情况下，确定单元403将通信设备确定为边缘通信设备。或者，在本小区的接收信号强度低于阈值时，确定单元403将通信设备确定为边缘通信设备。
在确定单元403确定通信设备的类别之后，发送单元402将相应的判断标识发送给基站，以使得基站为其分配导频序列和时隙。其中，基站侧可以采用根据第一至第三实施例所述的装置100来进行所述分类和分配以及复用配置，但是并不限于此。
<第五实施例>
在上文的实施方式中描述用于无线通信的装置的过程中，显然还公开了一些处理或方法。下文中，在不重复上文中已经讨论的一些细节的情况下给出这些方法的概要，但是应当注意，虽然这些方法在描述用于无线通信的装置的过程中公开，但是这些方法不一定采用所描述的那些部件或不一定由那些部件执行。例如，用于无线通信的装置的实施方式可以部分地或完全地使用硬件和/或固件来实现，而下面讨论的用于无线通信的方法可以完全由计算机可执行的程序来实现，尽管这些方法也可以采用用于无线通信的装置的硬件和/或固件。
图15示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的方法的流程图，该方法包括：为小区中的通信设备进行分类，将通信设备分类为包含第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的多个通信设备组(S11)；以及为第一通信设备组分配第一导频组中的导频序列，并为第二通信设备组分配第二导频组中的导频序列(S12)，其中，在导频序列的数量不足的情况下，执行如下复用配置中的至少一种(S13)：第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列，第二通信设备组中的至少一 个通信设备与同样进行了分类的相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
其中，优选地，第一导频组和第二导频组中的导频序列相互正交。
上述复用可以为时分复用，也可以为频分复用或码分复用。
在一个示例中，在步骤S11中将处于小区边缘的通信设备分类至第二通信设备组中。例如可以根据通信设备的信道情况来分类。如图15中的虚线框所示，上述方法还可以包括在步骤S11之前的步骤S21：接收来自通信设备的信道质量测量信息以及/或者无线资源管理测量报告以用于在步骤S11中确定该通信设备的信道情况。当然，也可以由通信设备自身确定其信道状况并且基于该信道状况作出是边缘用户还是中心用户的判断，在这种情况下，在步骤S21中接收来自通信设备的指示该判断结果的判断标识，并且在步骤S11中根据接收到的判断标识进行分类。
其中，无线资源管理测量报告包括该通信设备对邻小区的信号接收强度，当对邻小区的信号接收强度在预定阈值以上时，在步骤S11中将该通信设备分类到第二通信设备组中。
在另一个示例中，在步骤S11中按照信道质量对通信设备进行排序，并且将具有最优信道质量的预定数量的通信设备分类到第一通信设备组中并将其余通信设备分类到第二通信设备组中。其中，预定数量可以为第一导频组中导频序列的数量。类似地，也可以在步骤S11中按照对邻小区的信号接收强度进行排序，并且将具有最大信号接收强度的预定数量的通信设备分类到第二通信设备组中并将其余通信设备分类到第一通信设备组中。其中，预定数量可以为第二导频组中导频序列的数量。
此外，在步骤S11中还可以根据通信设备的接入顺序来分类，先接入的通信设备优先被分类到第一通信设备组中。或者，在步骤S11中优先对优先级低的通信设备执行复用配置。
步骤S11-S13可以例如根据通信设备的状态动态地执行。
在一个示例中，相邻的小区分别对应的第一导频组中的至少一部分导频序列彼此相同，且相邻的小区分别对应的第二导频组中的导频序列彼此不同。可以基于小区ID来确定小区对应的第二导频组所包含的导频序列。如前所述，第一导频组和第二导频组可以预先设定，也可以由基站之上的控制端来通知。或者，由基站侧自身进行分组。关于具体的细节已经在第一实施例中进行了描述，在此不再重复。
当小区对应的第二导频组所包含的导频序列的数量少于第二通信设备组中的通信设备的数量时，在步骤S13中配置第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备占用不同时间资源以用于发送复用的第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
其中，不同时间资源对应于不同的时隙，对于一个时隙，被配置占用其他时隙的通信设备不发送任何数据或导频序列。
另一方面，相邻的小区分别对应的第二导频组中的至少一部分导频序列可以彼此相同，在步骤S13中使得第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备与相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的通信设备复用该部分导频序列。
其中，针对该部分导频序列中的每一个，在步骤S13中确定第二通信设备组中的通信设备占用的一帧中的时隙以与相邻的小区协调。即，保证不同小区的第二通信设备组中的通信设备在同一时刻使用彼此正交的导频序列。
作为一个示例，在步骤S13中可以根据小区的ID来确定通信设备要占用的时隙的位置。此外，在步骤S13中也可以通过小区间的信令交互来动态确定通信设备要占用的时隙的位置。当存在小区间的信令交互时，可以执行更为灵活的复用配置。
如图15中的虚线框所示，上述方法还可以包括步骤S31：将所分配的导频序列和时间资源的信息通知到相应的通信设备。该信息可以包含在PDCCH信令和RRC信令中的至少一种中。
注意，上述方法的细节在第一至第四实施例中已经进行了详细描述，在此不再重复。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的基本原理，但是，需要指出的是，对本领域的技术人员而言，能够理解本发明的方法和装置的全部或者任何步骤或部件，可以在任何计算装置(包括处理器、存储介质等)或者计算装置的网络中，以硬件、固件、软件或者其组合的形式实现，这是本领域的技术人员在阅读了本发明的描述的情况下利用其基本电路设计知识或者基本编程技能就能实现的。
本领域的技术人员可以理解，上文所述的装置中的例如分类单元、分配单元、确定单元等，可以由一个或更多个处理器来实现，而例如通知单元、接收单元、发送单元等，可以由天线、滤波器、调制解调器及编解码 器等电路元器件实现。
因此，本发明还提出了一种电子设备(1)，包括：一种电路，被配置为：为小区中的通信设备进行分类，将通信设备分类为包含第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的多个通信设备组；以及为第一通信设备组分配第一导频组中的导频序列，并为第二通信设备组分配第二导频组中的导频序列，其中，在导频序列的数量不足的情况下，执行如下复用配置中的至少一种：第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列，第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备与同样进行了分类的相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备复用第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
而且，本发明还提出了一种存储有机器可读取的指令代码的程序产品。所述指令代码由机器读取并执行时，可执行上述根据本发明实施例的方法。
相应地，用于承载上述存储有机器可读取的指令代码的程序产品的存储介质也包括在本发明的公开中。所述存储介质包括但不限于软盘、光盘、磁光盘、存储卡、存储棒等等。
在通过软件或固件实现本发明的情况下，从存储介质或网络向具有专用硬件结构的计算机(例如图16所示的通用计算机1600)安装构成该软件的程序，该计算机在安装有各种程序时，能够执行各种功能等。
在图16中，中央处理单元(CPU)1601根据只读存储器(ROM)1602中存储的程序或从存储部分1608加载到随机存取存储器(RAM)1603的程序执行各种处理。在RAM 1603中，也根据需要存储当CPU 1601执行各种处理等等时所需的数据。CPU 1601、ROM 1602和RAM 1603经由总线1604彼此连接。输入/输出接口1605也连接到总线1604。
下述部件连接到输入/输出接口1605：输入部分1606(包括键盘、鼠标等等)、输出部分1607(包括显示器，比如阴极射线管(CRT)、液晶显示器(LCD)等，和扬声器等)、存储部分1608(包括硬盘等)、通信部分1609(包括网络接口卡比如LAN卡、调制解调器等)。通信部分1609经由网络比如因特网执行通信处理。根据需要，驱动器1610也可连接到输入/输出接口1605。可移除介质1611比如磁盘、光盘、磁光盘、半导体存储器等等根据需要被安装在驱动器1610上，使得从中读出的计算机程序根据需要被安装到存储部分1608中。
在通过软件实现上述系列处理的情况下，从网络比如因特网或存储介质比如可移除介质1611安装构成软件的程序。
本领域的技术人员应当理解，这种存储介质不局限于图16所示的其中存储有程序、与设备相分离地分发以向用户提供程序的可移除介质1611。可移除介质1611的例子包含磁盘(包含软盘(注册商标))、光盘(包含光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)和数字通用盘(DVD))、磁光盘(包含迷你盘(MD)(注册商标))和半导体存储器。或者，存储介质可以是ROM 1602、存储部分1608中包含的硬盘等等，其中存有程序，并且与包含它们的设备一起被分发给用户。
还需要指出的是，在本发明的装置、方法和系统中，各部件或各步骤是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应该视为本发明的等效方案。并且，执行上述系列处理的步骤可以自然地按照说明的顺序按时间顺序执行，但是并不需要一定按时间顺序执行。某些步骤可以并行或彼此独立地执行。
最后，还需要说明的是，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。此外，在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上虽然结合附图详细描述了本发明的实施例，但是应当明白，上面所描述的实施方式只是用于说明本发明，而并不构成对本发明的限制。对于本领域的技术人员来说，可以对上述实施方式作出各种修改和变更而没有背离本发明的实质和范围。因此，本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求及其等效含义来限定。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种用于无线通信的装置，包括：
    分类单元，被配置为对该装置所在的小区中的通信设备进行分类，将所述通信设备分类为包含第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的多个通信设备组；以及
    分配单元，被配置为为所述第一通信设备组分配第一导频组中的导频序列，并为所述第二通信设备组分配第二导频组中的导频序列，其中，在导频序列的数量不足的情况下，执行如下复用配置中的至少一种：所述第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备复用所述第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列，所述第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备与同样进行了所述分类的相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备复用所述第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述第一导频组和所述第二导频组中的导频序列相互正交。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述复用为时分复用。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述分类单元被配置为将处于所述小区边缘的通信设备分类至所述第二通信设备组中。
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的装置，其中，相邻的小区分别对应的第一导频组中的至少一部分导频序列彼此相同，且相邻的小区分别对应的第二导频组中的导频序列彼此不同。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的装置，其中，所述装置基于所述小区的小区ID确定所述小区对应的第二导频组所包含的导频序列。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其中，当所述小区对应的第二导频组所包含的导频序列的数量少于所述第二通信设备组中的通信设备的数量时，所述分配单元配置所述第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备占用不同时间资源以用于发送复用的所述第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其中，所述不同时间资源对应于不同的时隙，对于一个时隙，被配置占用其他时隙的通信设备不发送任何数据或导频序列。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，相邻的小区分别对应的第二导频组中的至少一部分导频序列彼此相同，且所述分配单元被配置为使得第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备与所述相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的通信设备复用该部分导频序列。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，针对所述部分导频序列中的每一个，所述分配单元被配置为确定第二通信设备组中的通信设备占用的一帧中的时隙以与所述相邻的小区协调。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中，所述分配单元被配置为根据所述小区的ID来确定所述通信设备要占用的时隙的位置。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中，所述分配单元通过小区间的信令交互来动态确定所述通信设备要占用的时隙的位置。
  13. 根据权利要求7或10所述的装置，还包括：
    通知单元，被配置为将所分配的导频序列和时间资源的信息通知到相应的通信设备。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述信息包含在以下至少之一中：PDCCH信令以及RRC信令。
  15. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其中，所述分类单元被配置为根据通信设备的信道情况来进行分类。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，还包括：
    接收单元，被配置为接收来自通信设备的信道质量测量信息以及/或者无线资源管理测量报告以用于所述分类单元确定该通信设备的信道情况。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其中，所述无线资源管理测量报告包括该通信设备对邻小区的信号接收强度，当对邻小区的信号接收强度在预定阈值以上时，所述分类单元将该通信设备分类到第二设备通信组中。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其中，所述分类单元被配置为按照信道质量对通信设备进行排序，并且将具有最优信道质量的预定数量的通信设备分类到第一通信设备组中并将其余通信设备分类到第二通信设备组中。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其中，所述预定数量为所述第一 导频组中导频序列的数量。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述分类单元被配置为根据通信设备的接入顺序来进行分类，先接入的通信设备优先被分类到所述第一通信设备组中。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述分配单元优先对优先级低的通信设备执行复用配置。
  22. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述分类单元被配置为基于所述通信设备的状态动态执行所述分类，并且所述分配单元相应地动态执行所述分配和所述复用配置。
  23. 一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
    对小区中的通信设备进行分类，将所述通信设备分类为包含第一通信设备组和第二通信设备组的多个通信设备组；
    为所述第一通信设备组分配第一导频组中的导频序列，并为所述第二通信设备组分配第二导频组中的导频序列，其中，在导频序列的数量不足的情况下，执行如下复用配置中的至少一种：所述第二通信设备组中的至少部分通信设备复用所述第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列，所述第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备与同样进行了所述分类的相邻小区的第二通信设备组中的至少一个通信设备复用所述第二导频组中的至少一个导频序列。
PCT/CN2016/072277 2015-02-13 2016-01-27 无线通信的装置和方法 Ceased WO2016127805A1 (zh)

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