WO2016173380A1 - 硬管内窥镜 - Google Patents

硬管内窥镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173380A1
WO2016173380A1 PCT/CN2016/078125 CN2016078125W WO2016173380A1 WO 2016173380 A1 WO2016173380 A1 WO 2016173380A1 CN 2016078125 W CN2016078125 W CN 2016078125W WO 2016173380 A1 WO2016173380 A1 WO 2016173380A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
handle
ring sleeve
disposed
insertion tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/078125
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周震华
袁征
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai Anqing Medical Instrument Co ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai Anqing Medical Instrument Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Anqing Medical Instrument Co ltd filed Critical Shanghai Anqing Medical Instrument Co ltd
Priority to EP16785811.7A priority Critical patent/EP3289955B1/en
Priority to US15/557,809 priority patent/US20180289241A1/en
Publication of WO2016173380A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173380A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
    • A61B1/0055—Constructional details of insertion parts, e.g. vertebral elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00112—Connection or coupling means
    • A61B1/00121—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle
    • A61B1/00128—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle mechanical, e.g. for tubes or pipes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00131—Accessories for endoscopes
    • A61B1/00135—Oversleeves mounted on the endoscope prior to insertion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
    • A61B1/0052—Constructional details of control elements, e.g. handles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/015—Control of fluid supply or evacuation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
    • A61B1/00043—Operational features of endoscopes provided with output arrangements
    • A61B1/00045—Display arrangement
    • A61B1/00052—Display arrangement positioned at proximal end of the endoscope body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/018—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor for receiving instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
    • A61B1/0676—Endoscope light sources at distal tip of an endoscope

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a rigid tube endoscope.
  • the rigid endoscope is a medical device widely used for inspecting the inside of the human body. It is a kind of endoscope, and the inspection operation is safe and simple, and can be performed in an outpatient clinic without hospitalization.
  • rigid endoscopes can be used to observe patients by eyepieces or electronic imaging. Visual inspection can easily lead to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
  • the insertion tube of the rigid endoscope in the prior art is usually in the shape of a straight tube, the patient can only be observed in one direction, and the observation range is small.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. CN103391741 discloses an endoscope in which an LED light source unit is provided in a front end rigid portion constituting a front end portion of an endoscope insertion portion, wherein the LED light source unit has: a ceramic substrate for LED; an LED light source And mounted on the front end side of the ceramic substrate for LED; the LED cable is inserted into the endoscope insertion portion and guided to the front end portion, and is connected to the conduction pattern of the ceramic substrate for LED; and the reinforcing member is integrally fixed to The ceramic substrate for LED is covered with a ceramic notch portion provided to expose a conduction pattern of the ceramic substrate for LED.
  • an endoscope having an elongated insertion portion inserted into a body cavity and a rigid base provided on a proximal end side of the insertion portion (22) is disclosed.
  • a transmission line such as an optical fiber and a CCD cable is inserted from the inside of the insertion portion to the base portion.
  • a holding portion that holds the transmission line in a state in which the transmission line is restricted from moving in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the insertion portion and the base portion is attached to the inside of the base portion.
  • a connector portion for connecting an end of the transmission line extending through the holding portion to an external device is provided on the base.
  • the light source is provided in the endoscope or the volume of the endoscope is reduced, since the insertion tube of the endoscope is a straight tube, the patient can only be observed in a small range. To expand the scope of observation, it is necessary to rotate the endoscope or reinsert the endoscope into the site to be examined, which increases the suffering of the patient.
  • the field of view of the rigid endoscope in the prior art is small, and the patient cannot be thoroughly examined, which may cause missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis, or injury to the patient due to repeated entry into the patient.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a rigid tube endoscope comprising an insertion tube, a camera, a light source and a handle.
  • the camera and the light source are disposed on an end surface of the insertion end of the insertion tube, and the non-insertion end of the insertion tube is connected to the handle, wherein
  • the insertion tube further includes a curved portion on a portion of the insertion tube that can be located in the human body, and the handle is provided with a control portion for controlling bending of the bending portion;
  • the control portion includes an inner ring sleeve and an outer ring sleeve.
  • the outer ring sleeve is threadedly engaged with the inner ring sleeve.
  • the outer ring sleeve can only rotate relative to the handle and about the axis of the handle, and the inner ring sleeve can only be axially aligned with respect to the axis of the handle. Move to
  • the insertion tube comprises elastic inner and outer tubes which are sleeved with each other, and the inner tube and the outer tube are fixedly connected at the insertion end; the non-inserted end of the inner tube is fixedly connected with the inner ring sleeve in the handle, and the non-inserted end of the outer tube Fixed connection to the handle;
  • the inner ring sleeve drives the inner tube to move axially along the upstream side in the insertion direction, with
  • the moving distance of the inner tube is gradually increased, the degree of bending of the curved portion is also gradually increased;
  • the inner ring sleeve moves axially along the downstream side of the insertion direction as the outer ring sleeve rotates, thereby driving the axial movement of the inner tube along the downstream side of the insertion direction, with
  • the moving distance of the inner tube gradually increases, the degree of bending of the curved portion gradually becomes smaller until the bending disappears.
  • the bending portion has a bending range of 0° to 80°.
  • bent portion includes a plurality of annular grooves formed on the outer wall surfaces of the outer tube and the inner tube.
  • the bend is further located on the portion of the insertion tube that begins from the insertion end of the insertion tube.
  • annular grooves are parallel to each other. And perpendicular to the axis of the insertion tube.
  • the outer tube is further provided with a protection tube, one end of the protection tube is fixedly connected with the insertion end of the insertion tube, and the other end of the protection tube is floatingly disposed in the handle.
  • the protection tube is a rigid tube, and the outer wall surface of the protection tube is also provided with a plurality of annular grooves at positions corresponding to the curved portion of the insertion tube.
  • the protective tube is a hose.
  • an instrument tube is disposed in the inner tube of the insertion tube, and the instrument outlet of the instrument tube is disposed on the end surface of the insertion end of the insertion tube, and the instrument inlet of the instrument tube is disposed on the peripheral wall of the handle or the insertion tube and the protection tube.
  • a water pipe is arranged in the insertion pipe, and the water outlet of the water pipe is disposed on the end surface of the insertion end of the insertion pipe, and the water inlet of the water pipe is disposed on the peripheral wall of the handle or the insertion pipe and the protection pipe.
  • the rigid endoscope according to the present invention can bend the insertion end of the insertion tube according to the use to obtain a larger field of view.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a rigid endoscope according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the insertion tube 1 when the protective tube 14 is a rigid tube;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the insertion tube 1 when the protective tube 14 is a hose;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the insertion end of the insertion tube 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a rigid tube endoscope including an insertion tube 1, a camera 5, a light source 6, and a handle 2.
  • the camera 5 and the light source 6 are disposed on an end surface of the insertion end of the insertion tube 1,
  • the non-insertion end of the insertion tube 1 is connected to the handle 2, and the display unit 2 is further provided with a display portion 4, and the display portion 4 is connected to the camera 5 in a wired or wireless manner.
  • the camera 5 can perform real-time shooting on the insertion process, and simultaneously transmit the captured image to the display unit 4 for display; when the rigid endoscope enters the to-be-observed portion in the human body, the camera 5 will The situation in the human body environment is transmitted to the display unit 4 for display in real time, and the user can inspect the patient using the image captured by the camera 5 to detect the lesion in time.
  • the light source 6 can provide a bright shooting environment for the camera 5.
  • the light source 6 can adopt various forms of illumination devices, such as LED lamps, fiber optic illumination, and the like.
  • the display unit 4 can select various types and sizes of displays or display devices, and can be connected in a wired connection, such as an electrical connection line to the camera 5; or in the form of a wireless connection, such as A wireless transmitting module is disposed in the handle 2 or in various parts of the rigid endoscope, and is connected to the display by using a wireless transmitting module. Further, the display unit 4 can be independently connected to the handle 2 when the display unit 4 is relatively small, and can be connected to the handle 2 by plugging or other various detachable means to facilitate carrying and using.
  • the insertion tube 1 of the rigid endoscope further includes a curved portion 13 through which the field of view of the camera 5 can be enlarged to perform a more comprehensive examination of the patient.
  • the curved portion 13 is located on a portion of the insertion tube 1 which can be located in the human body, is generally disposed at a position close to the insertion end of the insertion tube 1, and is provided on the handle 2 of the rigid endoscope for controlling bending
  • the control unit 3 is bent by the portion 13.
  • control portion 3 includes an inner ring sleeve 32 and an outer ring sleeve 31.
  • the outer ring sleeve 31 is threadedly engaged with the inner ring sleeve 32.
  • the outer ring sleeve 31 can only be moved relative to the handle 2 and around the handle.
  • the inner ring sleeve 32 can only move axially relative to the axis of the handle 2.
  • the outer ring sleeve 31 moves the inner ring sleeve 32 by the thread to perform axial linear motion.
  • the rotary motion is converted into a linear motion.
  • the insertion tube 1 includes an elastic inner tube 12 and an outer tube 11 which are sleeved with each other, and the inner tube 12 and the outer tube 11 are fixedly connected at the insertion end; since the inner tube 12 and the outer tube 11 have a certain Elastic, so that when the inner tube 12 and the outer tube 11 are elastically deformed, the original shape can be restored; the non-inserted end of the inner tube 12 is fixedly connected to the inner ring sleeve 32 in the handle 2, and the non-inserted end of the outer tube 11 is The handle 2 is fixedly connected.
  • the inner tube 12 is fixedly coupled to one end of the outer tube 11, and the outer tube 11 and the handle 2 are kept stationary with respect to the inner tube 12, therefore, when When the inner tube 12 is moved in the insertion direction, the outer tube 11 is pushed in the insertion direction, so that the curved portion 13 of the outer tube 11 is bent and deformed, and as the moving distance of the inner tube 12 is gradually increased, the bending of the curved portion 13 is performed.
  • the degree is gradually increasing.
  • the inner ring sleeve 32 moves axially along the downstream side in the insertion direction as the outer ring sleeve 31 rotates, thereby driving the inner tube 12 along the downstream side in the insertion direction.
  • the axial movement is performed, at which time, the inner tube 12 gradually returns to the initial position, and as the moving distance of the inner tube 12 gradually increases, the degree of bending of the curved portion 13 gradually becomes smaller until the bending disappears.
  • control portion 3 converts the rotational motion into a linear motion by using the inner ring sleeve 32 and the outer ring sleeve 31, thereby bending the insertion tube 1 and also
  • the inner tube 12 can be controlled to move axially by other means such as a control rocker or a rotating ring, so that the bent portion 13 of the insertion tube 1 is bent and deformed.
  • the curved portion 13 includes a plurality of annular grooves formed on the outer wall surfaces of the outer tube 11 and the inner tube 12.
  • stainless steel is preferably used as the material of the inner tube 12 and the outer tube 11, so that the insertion tube 1 of the rigid endoscope has a hard texture and is less likely to undergo bending deformation, when the inner tube 12 moves toward the insertion direction, The inner tube 12 will be inserted into the outer tube 11 in the insertion direction.
  • the inner tube 12 Since the inner tube 12 and the outer tube 11 are fixedly connected at the insertion end, the inner tube 12 is subjected to a certain resistance during the movement toward the insertion direction, and therefore, the inner tube 12 is A plurality of annular grooves are provided in the portion where the bending deformation is required, and a plurality of annular grooves are also disposed on the outer tube 11 at a position corresponding to the annular groove of the inner tube 12.
  • the tube 12 can be bent to a thinner portion of the tube wall, and at the same time, the outer tube 11 is also bent and deformed together with the inner tube 12, i.e., the insertion tube 11 is deformed at this time.
  • the insertion tube 1 provided with the annular groove also has a certain elasticity, so that the bending deformation of the insertion tube 1 is reversible, and the insertion tube 1 can be straightened or bent at will according to the needs of the user.
  • the curved portion 13 is located on a portion of the insertion tube 1 from which the insertion end of the insertion tube 1 is started, and the insertion end having the camera 5 is bent to facilitate observation of the patient.
  • the respective annular grooves are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the insertion tube 1, and further, it is preferable that the groove pitches between the respective annular grooves are equal, so that the bending of the insertion tube 1 is easier and the bending effect is better.
  • the bending portion 13 has a bending range of 0° to 80°, and further, it is preferable that the bending portion 13 has a bending range of 0° to 60°, at which time the camera 5 can obtain the maximum field of view and the bending of the insertion tube 1 The deformation does not fail, and the bending deformation can be repeated multiple times.
  • the outer tube 11 of the insertion tube 1 is also sleeved.
  • a protective tube 14 one end of the protective tube 14 is fixedly connected to the insertion end of the insertion tube 1, and the other end of the protective tube 14 is floatingly disposed in the handle 2.
  • the protective tube 14 may be a hard tube having a hard texture or a hose. As shown in FIG. 3, when the protective tube 14 is a hard tube, the outer wall surface of the protective tube 14 is also provided with a plurality of annular grooves at positions corresponding to the curved portions 13 on the insertion tube 1, when the insertion tube 1 is bent.
  • the protective tube 14 can also be bent as the insertion tube 1 is bent; as shown in FIG. 4, when the protection tube 14 is a hose, elastic deformation is more likely to occur, so that the protection tube 14 is not provided with an annular groove.
  • the bending deformation when the insertion tube 1 is bent, the protective tube 14 can also be bent as the insertion tube 1 is bent.
  • the inner tube 12 of the insertion tube 1 is provided with an instrument tube 7 .
  • the instrument outlet of the instrument tube 7 is disposed on the end surface of the insertion end of the insertion tube 1
  • the instrument inlet of the instrument tube 7 is disposed on the handle 2 or the insertion tube. 1 and the peripheral wall of the protective tube 14.
  • the instrument tube 7 is a passage for accessing the treatment device. After the patient is examined and found to have a lesion, the instrument tube 7 can be used to extend the treatment device to treat the patient. When in particular operation, the therapeutic device is extended from the instrument inlet, exits the instrument outlet through the instrument tube 7, and the patient is treated or sampled.
  • the treatment device can also be telescopically arranged in the instrument tube 7, and when the patient needs to be treated, the treatment device is extended from the instrument tube 7. When the treatment is completed or no treatment is needed, the treatment device is locked in the instrument tube. Within 7 to avoid damage to the patient.
  • a water pipe 8 is preferably disposed in the insertion tube 1, and the water outlet of the water pipe 8 is disposed on the end surface of the insertion end of the insertion tube 1, and the water inlet of the water pipe 8 is disposed on the handle 2 or the insertion tube. 1 and the peripheral wall of the protective tube 14.
  • some obstacles or blood water may be encountered, which may block the camera 5 and affect the shooting effect.
  • the saline water can be injected into the water pipe 8, and the physiological saline solution is used to block the object. Rush open, or dilute the blood, remove the obstacles for the camera 5.
  • a liquid suction device may be disposed at the water inlet of the water pipe 8.
  • the injected physiological saline is sucked out by the liquid suction device to make the shooting environment clearer and avoid liquid residue. It has an adverse effect on the patient in the patient.
  • the rigid endoscope of the present invention has a wide range of sight lines, and can perform an all-round examination on the patient's body according to the needs of use, and can also timely treat the discovered lesions and cause damage to the patient. Minimized, simple structure, easy to use, it is worthy of widespread application.

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  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Endoscopes (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种硬管内窥镜，包括插入管（1）、摄像头（5）、光源（6）以及手柄（2），摄像头（5）及光源（6）设于插入管（1）的插入端的端面上，插入管（1）的非插入端连接手柄（2），插入管（1）上还包括弯曲部（13），弯曲部（13）位于插入管（1）上的可位于人体内的部分上，手柄（2）上设有用于控制弯曲部（13）弯曲的控制部（3），控制部（3）包括内环套（32）以及外环套（31），外环套（31）通过螺纹与内环套（32）相啮合，外环套（31）只能相对于手柄（2）且绕手柄（2）的轴线旋转，内环套（32）只能相对于手柄（2）且沿插入管（1）的轴线进行轴向移动，插入管（1）包括相互套设的具有弹性的内管（12）和外管（11），内管（12）的非插入端在手柄（2）内与内环套（32）固定连接，外管（11）的非插入端与手柄（2）固定连接。该硬管内窥镜结构简单、使用方便，可在最大范围内对患者的体内进行检查，避免重复穿刺对患者造成的伤害。

Description

硬管内窥镜 技术领域
本实用新型涉及医疗器械领域，特别是一种硬管内窥镜。
背景技术
硬管内窥镜是目前广泛应用于对人体内部进行检查的医疗器械，属于内窥镜的一种，检查操作安全简便，可在门诊进行而无需住院。
常用的硬管内窥镜可以利用目镜或电子摄像方式对患者进行观察，采用目测的方式容易造成漏诊、误诊等情况。此外，由于现有技术中的硬管内窥镜的插入管通常为直管形状，只能在一个方向对患者进行观察，观察范围较小。
例如，中国发明专利申请CN103391741公开了一种内窥镜，在构成内窥镜插入部的前端部的前端硬性部中设置有LED光源单元，其中，LED光源单元具有：LED用陶瓷基板；LED光源，其安装在LED用陶瓷基板的前端侧；LED缆线，其贯穿插入内窥镜插入部内并引导至前端部，与LED用陶瓷基板的导通图案连接；以及加强部件，其一体地固定在LED用陶瓷基板上，覆盖为了使LED用陶瓷基板的导通图案露出而设置的陶瓷切口部。
又如中国发明专利申请CN101267762公开了一种内窥镜，该内窥镜具有：插入体腔内的细长的插入部，和设置在所述插入部(22)的基端侧的硬质的基部。从插入部的内部直到基部，贯穿有光导纤维和CCD缆线等传输线。在基部的内部安装有保持部，所述保持部以限制传输线向与插入部和基部的轴向正交的方向移动的状态保持传输线。在基部上设置有连接器部，所述连接器部用于将穿过所述保持部而延伸出来的所述传输线的端部连接至外部装置。
上述内窥镜虽然在内窥镜中设置了光源，或是将内窥镜的体积变小，但由于是内窥镜的插入管为直管，仍然只能在小范围对患者进行观察，若要扩大观察范围，需要转动内窥镜或是将内窥镜重新插入待检查部位，增大了患者的痛苦。
因此，在现有技术中的硬管内窥镜的视野范围较小无法对患者进行全面的检查，容易造成漏诊、误诊，或是因反复进入患者体内对患者造成伤害。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种硬管内窥镜，包括插入管、摄像头、光源以及手柄，摄像头及光源设于插入管的插入端的端面上，插入管的非插入端连接手柄，其特征在于，插入管上还包括弯曲部，弯曲部位于插入管上的可位于人体内的部分上，手柄上设有用于控制弯曲部弯曲的控制部；
控制部包括内环套以及外环套，外环套通过螺纹与内环套相啮合，外环套只能相对于手柄且绕手柄的轴线旋转，内环套只能相对于手柄的轴线进行轴向移动；
插入管包括相互套设的具有弹性的内管和外管，内管和外管在插入端处固定连接；内管的非插入端在手柄内与内环套固定连接，外管的非插入端与手柄固定连接；
当旋转外环套且内环套随着外环套的转动而沿着插入方向的上游侧进行轴向移动时，内环套带动内管沿着插入方向的上游侧进行轴向移动，随着内管的移动距离逐渐增大时，弯曲部的弯曲程度也逐渐增大；
当反向转外环套时，内环套随着外环套的转动而沿着插入方向的下游侧进行轴向移动，从而带动内管沿着插入方向的下游侧进行的轴向移动，随着内管的移动距离逐渐增大时，弯曲部的弯曲程度逐渐变小直至弯曲消失。
优选地，弯曲部的弯曲范围为0°至80°。
进一步地，弯曲部包含形成在外管和内管的外壁面上的多条环形槽。
优选地，弯曲部进一步位于从插入管的插入端部起始的插入管部分上。
进一步地，环形槽相互平行。且垂直于插入管的轴线。
优选地，外管外还套设有保护管，保护管的一端与插入管的插入端固定连接，保护管的另一端浮动设置于手柄内。
进一步地，保护管为硬管，且保护管的外壁面上与插入管的弯曲部相对应的位置上也设置有多条环形槽。
优选地，保护管为软管。
进一步地，插入管的内管内设有器械管，器械管的器械出口设置于插入管的插入端的端面上，器械管的器械入口设置于手柄或插入管和保护管的周壁上。
优选地，插入管内设有水管，水管的出水口设置于插入管的插入端的端面上，水管的进水口设置于手柄或插入管和保护管的周壁上。
如上，本实用新型涉及的硬管内窥镜可以根据使用需要对插入管的插入端部进行弯曲，以获得更大的视野范围。
为让本实用新型的上述内容能更明显易懂，下文特举优选实施例，并结合附图，作详细说明如下。
附图说明
下面将结合附图介绍本实用新型。
图1为本实用新型的一种硬管内窥镜的整体结构示意图；
图2为图1的剖面示意图；
图3为保护管14为硬管时插入管1的局部剖面示意图；
图4为保护管14为软管时插入管1的局部剖面示意图；
图5为插入管1的插入端的结构示意图；
图6为本实用新型的一种实施例的整体结构示意图。
元件标号说明
1   插入管
11  外管
12  内管
13  弯曲部
14  保护管
2   手柄
3   控制部
31  外环套
32  内环套
4   显示部
5   摄像头
6   光源
7   器械管
8   水管
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本实用新型的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书 所揭示的内容轻易地了解本实用新型的其他优点及功效。
如图1至图5所示，本实用新型提供一种硬管内窥镜，包括插入管1、摄像头5、光源6以及手柄2，摄像头5及光源6设于插入管1的插入端的端面上，插入管1的非插入端连接手柄2，手柄2外部还设置有显示部4，显示部4与所述摄像头5以有线或无线的形式相连接。当插入管1进入人体内后，摄像头5可对插入过程进行实时拍摄，同时将所拍摄的影像传输至显示部4进行显示；当硬管内窥镜进入人体内的待观察部位后，摄像头5将人体内环境的情况实时传输至显示部4进行显示，使用者可利用摄像头5所拍摄的影像对患者进行检查，及时发现病灶。
进一步地，光源6可以为摄像头5提供一个明亮的拍摄环境。在本实用新型中，光源6可采用各种形式的照明装置，如LED灯、光纤照明等。
更进一步，在本实用新型中，显示部4可以选用各种型号、大小的显示器或显示装置，可以有线连接的形式，如通过电连接线与摄像头5相连接；也可以无线连接的形式，如在手柄2内或硬管内窥镜的各个部位设置无线发射模块，利用无线发射模块与显示器相连接。更进一步，显示部4除可以独立设置以外，当显示部4较为小巧时，还可以采用插拔或其他各种可拆卸的方式与手柄2相连接，以方便携带外出使用。
在本实用新型中，硬管内窥镜的插入管1上还包括弯曲部13，通过弯曲部13可以扩大摄像头5的视野范围，对患者体内进行更为全面的检查。
进一步地，弯曲部13位于插入管1上的可位于人体内的部分上，通常设置于靠近于插入管1的插入端的位置上，并且，在硬管内窥镜的手柄2上设有用于控制弯曲部13弯曲的控制部3。
进一步地，在本实用新型中，控制部3包括内环套32以及外环套31，外环套31通过螺纹与内环套32相啮合，外环套31只能相对于手柄2且绕手柄2的轴线旋转，内环套32只能相对于手柄2的轴线进行轴向移动，当使用者转动外环套31时，外环套31通过螺纹带动内环套32进行轴向直线运动，将旋转运动转换为直线运动。
在本实用新型中，插入管1包括相互套设的具有弹性的内管12和外管11，内管12和外管11在插入端处固定连接；由于内管12和外管11具有一定的弹性，因此当内管12和外管11发生弹性变形后还可以恢复原有的形状；内管12的非插入端在手柄2内与内环套32固定连接，外管11的非插入端与手柄2固定连接。当朝一个方向旋转外环套31且内环套32随着外环套31的转动而沿着插入方向的上游侧进行轴向移动时，内环套32而带动 内管12沿着插入方向的上游侧进行轴向移动，此时，由于内管12与外管11的一端固定连接，并且外管11与手柄2相对于内管12保持静止状态，因此，当内管12朝向插入方向移动时，会向插入方向顶外管11，从而使外管11的弯曲部13发生弯曲变形，并且随着内管12的移动距离逐渐增大时，弯曲部13的弯曲程度也逐渐增大。
进一步地，当反向转外环套31时，内环套32随着外环套31的转动而沿着插入方向的下游侧进行轴向移动，从而带动内管12沿着插入方向的下游侧进行的轴向移动，此时，内管12逐渐回到初始位置，并且随着内管12的移动距离逐渐增大时，弯曲部13的弯曲程度逐渐变小直至弯曲消失。
更进一步，在本实用新型的其他实施例中，如图6所示，控制部3除了利用内环套32与外环套31将旋转运动转变为直线运动，从而使插入管1弯曲外，还可以采用控制摇杆或旋转环等其他形式控制内管12进行轴向运动，从而使插入管1的弯曲部13发生弯曲变形。
在本实用新型中，弯曲部13包含形成在外管11和内管12的外壁面上的多条环形槽。在本实用新型中，优选采用不锈钢作为内管12以及外管11的材料，故硬管内窥镜的插入管1的质地较硬，较难发生弯曲变形，当内管12朝向插入方向移动时，内管12会向插入方向顶外管11，由于内管12与外管11在插入端处固定连接，故内管12在朝向插入方向移动过程中会受到一定的阻力，因此，在内管12上需要进行弯曲变形的部位设置多条环形槽，同时在外管11上与内管12设置环形槽的相对应的位置也设置多条环形槽，当内管12朝向插入方向移动受到阻力时，内管12可以向管壁较薄的地方进行弯曲，同时，外管11也随着内管12一起发生弯曲变形，即此时插入管11实现了弯曲变形。此外，设置有环形槽的插入管1也具有一定的弹性，使插入管1的弯曲变形可逆，可以随意根据使用者的需要将插入管1进行伸直或弯曲。
进一步地，弯曲部13位于插入管1的插入端部起始的插入管1的部分上，使具有摄像头5的插入端进行弯曲，方便对患者进行观察。更进一步，各条环形槽之间相互平行且垂直于插入管1的轴线，更进一步，优选各条环形槽间的槽间距相等，使得插入管1的弯曲更为容易，且弯曲效果更好。
更进一步，弯曲部13的弯曲范围为0°至80°，更进一步，优选弯曲部13的弯曲范围为0°至60°，此时摄像头5可以获得最大的视野范围，并且插入管1的弯曲变形也不会发生失效，可反复多次进行弯曲变形。
在本实用新型中，为了对插入管1进行更好地保护，在插入管1的外管11外还套设 有保护管14，保护管14的一端与插入管1的插入端固定连接，保护管14的另一端浮动设置于手柄2内。
进一步地，保护管14可以为质地较硬的硬管，也可以为软管。如图3所示，当保护管14为硬管时，保护管14的外壁面上与插入管1上的弯曲部13相对应的位置上也设置有多条环形槽，当插入管1发生弯曲时，保护管14也可以随着插入管1的弯曲而弯曲；如图4所示，当保护管14为软管时，较易发生弹性变形，因此保护管14上不设置环形槽也可以实现弯曲变形，当插入管1发生弯曲时，保护管14也可以随着插入管1的弯曲而弯曲。
在本实用新型中，插入管1的内管12内设有器械管7，器械管7的器械出口设置于插入管1的插入端的端面上，器械管7的器械入口设于手柄2或插入管1和保护管14的周壁上。器械管7为一条用于进出治疗器械的通道，当对患者进行检查发现病灶后，可以利用器械管7将治疗器械伸入，对患者进行治疗。当具体操作时，将治疗器械从器械入口伸入，穿过器械管7从器械出口伸出，对患者进行治疗或取样。
进一步地，还可以在器械管7内可伸缩地设置治疗器械，当需要对患者进行治疗时，将治疗器械从器械管7内伸出，当治疗完成或无需治疗时，治疗器械锁在器械管7内，避免对患者造成损伤。
更进一步，在本实用新型中，在插入管1内还优选设有水管8，且水管8的出水口设置于插入管1的插入端的端面上，水管8的进水口设于手柄2或插入管1和保护管14的周壁上。在插入管1进入患者体内的过程中，可能会遇到一些阻碍物或是血水，对摄像头5造成一些阻挡，影响拍摄效果，此时可以向水管8中注入生理盐水，利用生理盐水将阻碍物冲开，或将血水冲淡，为摄像头5清除障碍。更进一步，还可以在水管8的进水口处设置吸液装置，当摄像头5的拍摄环境清理干净后，利用吸液装置将注入的生理盐水吸除，使拍摄环境更为清晰，同时避免液体残留在患者体内对患者造成不良的影响。
综上所述，本实用新型所涉及的硬管内窥镜视线范围广，可根据使用需要对患者体内进行全方位的检查，同时还可以对发现的病灶进行及时地治疗，将对患者造成的损伤减到最小，并且结构简单，使用方便，值得进行广泛推广应用。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本实用新型的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本实用新型。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本实用新型的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本实用新型所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本实用新型的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种硬管内窥镜，包括插入管、摄像头、光源以及手柄，所述摄像头及所述光源设于所述插入管的插入端的端面上，所述插入管的非插入端连接所述手柄，其特征在于，所述插入管上还包括弯曲部，所述弯曲部位于所述插入管上的可位于人体内的部分上，所述手柄上设有用于控制弯曲部弯曲的控制部；
    所述控制部包括内环套以及外环套，所述外环套通过螺纹与所述内环套相啮合，所述外环套只能相对于所述手柄且绕所述手柄的轴线旋转，所述内环套只能相对于所述手柄的轴线进行轴向移动；
    所述插入管包括相互套设的具有弹性的内管和外管，所述内管和外管在插入端处固定连接；所述内管的非插入端在所述手柄内与所述内环套固定连接，所述外管的非插入端与所述手柄固定连接；
    当旋转所述外环套且所述内环套随着所述外环套的转动而沿着插入方向的上游侧进行轴向移动时，所述内环套带动所述内管沿着插入方向的上游侧进行轴向移动，随着所述内管的移动距离逐渐增大时，所述弯曲部的弯曲程度也逐渐增大；
    当反向旋转所述外环套时，所述内环套随着所述外环套的转动而沿着插入方向的下游侧进行轴向移动，从而带动所述内管沿着插入方向的下游侧进行的轴向移动，随着所述内管的移动距离逐渐增大时，所述弯曲部的弯曲程度逐渐变小直至弯曲消失。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的硬管内窥镜，其特征在于，所述弯曲部的弯曲范围为0°至80°。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的硬管内窥镜，其特征在于，所述弯曲部包含形成在所述外管和所述内管的外壁面上的多条环形槽。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的硬管内窥镜，其特征在于，所述弯曲部进一步位于从所述插入管的插入端部起始的插入管部分上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的硬管内窥镜，其特征在于，所述环形槽相互平行。且垂直于所述插入管的轴线。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的硬管内窥镜，其特征在于，所述外管外还套设有保护管，所述保护管的一端与所述插入管的插入端固定连接，所述保护管的另一端浮动设置于所述手柄内。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的硬管内窥镜，其特征在于，所述保护管为硬质管，所述保护管的外壁面上与所述插入管的弯曲部相对应的位置上也设置有多条环形槽。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的硬管内窥镜，其特征在于，所述保护管为软管。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的硬管内窥镜，其特征在于，所述插入管的内管内设有器械管，所述器械管的器械出口设置于所述插入管的插入端的端面上，所述器械管的器械入口设置于所述手柄或所述插入管和所述保护管的周壁上。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的硬管内窥镜，其特征在于，所述插入管内设有水管，所述水管的出水口设置于所述插入管的插入端的端面上，所述水管的进水口设置于所述手柄或所述插入管和所述保护管的周壁上。
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