WO2016178410A1 - アレルギーワクチン組成物 - Google Patents
アレルギーワクチン組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016178410A1 WO2016178410A1 PCT/JP2016/063395 JP2016063395W WO2016178410A1 WO 2016178410 A1 WO2016178410 A1 WO 2016178410A1 JP 2016063395 W JP2016063395 W JP 2016063395W WO 2016178410 A1 WO2016178410 A1 WO 2016178410A1
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- vaccine composition
- allergen
- allergic
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- immunomodulator
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
- A61K31/739—Lipopolysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/35—Allergens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/39—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/02—Nasal agents, e.g. decongestants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/04—Antipruritics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55572—Lipopolysaccharides; Lipid A; Monophosphoryl lipid A
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55588—Adjuvants of undefined constitution
- A61K2039/55594—Adjuvants of undefined constitution from bacteria
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an allergy vaccine composition useful as an agent for preventing or treating allergic diseases.
- the present invention relates to an allergy vaccine composition that can safely and effectively relieve allergic symptoms by administering a specific lipopolysaccharide as an immunomodulator together with an allergen.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an allergy vaccine composition that is safe, useful as an agent for preventing or treating allergic diseases, and capable of effectively inducing immune tolerance.
- the present inventors have administered a lipopolysaccharide derived from a specific gram-negative bacterium or a salt thereof as an immunomodulator together with an allergen, which is safe and effective. It has been found that immune tolerance can be induced, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention is a vaccine composition to be administered to a human or animal having an allergic disease in order to prevent or treat allergic disease, and Serratia, Leclercia, Rahnella, Aciddus, Acididium, Acidisphaera, Acidocella, Acidomonas, Asaia, Belnapia, Craurococcus, Gluconacetobacter, Gluconobacter, Kozakia, Leahibacter, Muricoccus, Neoasaia, Oleomonas, Paracraurococcus, Rhodopila, Roseococcus, Rubritepida, Saccharib cter, Stella, Swaminathania, Teichococcus, Zavarzinia, Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Bacillus, Methanoculleus, Methanosarcina, Clostridium, Micrococcus, Flavobacterium, Pantoea, Acetobacter, Zymomonas, Xanthomonas, and at least
- the mass ratio of the immunomodulator to the allergen is preferably 0.002 to 500. If it is less than 0.002, sufficient immune tolerance may not be induced, and if it exceeds 500, a safety problem may occur.
- the more preferable lower limit of the mass ratio between the immunomodulator and the allergen is 0.01, and the more preferable upper limit is 100. When the mass ratio between the immunomodulator and the allergen is within this range, sufficient tolerance can be induced while ensuring safety.
- a more preferred upper limit of the mass ratio between the immunomodulator and the allergen is 10.
- the “allergen mass” as used herein refers to the mass of the allergen protein contained in the allergen in the vaccine, unless otherwise specified. Therefore, when the allergen is a biological substance, it means the mass of all proteins contained in the allergen.
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention is preferably administered to humans or animals 5 times or more.
- the allergic vaccine composition is preferably a method for treating allergic disease, wherein the allergic vaccine composition is administered to a human or animal having an allergic disease five or more times.
- the present invention is preferably the allergic vaccine composition described above for use as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for allergic diseases caused by allergens.
- allergen refers to an antigen that specifically reacts with an antibody of a person having an allergic disease, and is typically a protein.
- the above allergens are specifically allergens derived from pollen of trees (acacia, alder, velvet blue radish, Japanese beech, birch, maple, mountain cedar, red cedar, boxwood, cypress, American elm, Akine, Togasawara, rubber Tree, Eucalyptus tree, Enoki, Hickory, American linden, Sugar maple, Mesquite, Casino cypress, Quercus genus, Olive, Pecan, Pepper, Pine, Spitjack, Russian olive, American sycamore, Elderberry, Black walnut, Black willow), Grass pollen Allergens derived from (cotton, gossip, nagahagusa, suzunochahiki, corn, hirohashinokegusa, seiban sorghum, oats, staghorn, s
- allergic disease is a disease in which an immune reaction occurs against the allergen.
- Typical diseases include epilepsy, allergic rhinitis (hay fever), allergic conjunctivitis, epileptic gastroenteritis, bronchial asthma, childhood asthma, food allergy, drug allergy, urticaria and the like.
- the allergen may be contained in an effective amount.
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention contains 0.01 to 10,000 ⁇ g per dose. It is preferable. If it is less than 0.01 ⁇ g, the function as a preventive or therapeutic agent for allergic diseases may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 10,000 ⁇ g, there may be a problem regarding safety.
- the more preferable lower limit of the allergen content is 0.1 ⁇ g, and the more preferable upper limit is 5000 ⁇ g.
- the allergy vaccine composition of the present invention contains an immunomodulator.
- the immunomodulator include a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist.
- TLR4 toll-like receptor 4
- a specific lipopolysaccharide is used as the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist.
- the “lipopolysaccharide” referred to in the present specification can be a derivative thereof as long as it has the properties in addition to the lipopolysaccharide itself.
- the salt referred to herein may be any organic acid or inorganic acid, but is preferably a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
- LPS lipopolysaccharide
- the LPS is a complex compound composed of lipids and sugars existing in the outer membrane surrounding the peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Bordetella pertussis, etc., and is known as an active ingredient of O antigen and endotoxin [ Edited by JM Güsen and JM Ghuysen and R. hackenbeck, “New Comprehensive Biochemistry”, Volume 27, Bacterial Cell Wall ( Bacterial Cell Wall), page 18, Elsevia, 1994].
- the basic structure of the LPS is composed of three components: lipid A having a specific lipid, an oligosaccharide called an R core covalently bound thereto, and an O-specific polysaccharide (“Nikkei Biotechnology Latest Dictionary”, page 431). Nikkei McGraw-Hill, 1985).
- the structure of the O-specific polysaccharide is the most diverse among the constituent components, is specific to the bacterial species, and exhibits activity as a so-called O antigen. In general, it is characterized by a repeating structure of oligosaccharides composed of several monosaccharides, but those composed of the same monosaccharide or those not having a repeating structure are also known.
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention contains a lipopolysaccharide derived from a specific gram-negative bacterium or a salt thereof as the immunomodulator. These are contained in many foods, and the safety
- bacteria derived from the lipopolysaccharide used in the above-mentioned immunomodulating agents include Serratia (Pantoea bacterium species / bread, meat, milk, resident bacteria), Leclercia (Pantea bacterium species / general food (soil fungus)) Rahnella (Pantoea genus / a kind of resident bacteria), Acidicaldus (acetic bacterium / fermented food production), Acidiphilium (acetic bacterium / fermented food production), Acidisphaera (acetic bacterium / fermented food production), Acidocella (acetic bacterium / Fermented food production), Acidomonas (acetic acid bacteria / fermented food production), Asia (acetic acid bacteria / fermented food production), Belnapia (acetic acid bacteria / fermented food production), Craurococcus (acetic acid bacteria / fermented food production), Gluconace obacter (acetic acid bacteria / fermented food
- Serratia Leclercia, Rahnella, Acidicaldus, Acidiphilium, Acidisphaera, Acidocella, Acidomonas, Asaia, Belnapia, Craurococcus, Gluconacetobacter, Gluconobacter, Kozakia, Leahibacter, Muricoccus, Neoasaia, Oleomonas, Paracraurococcus, Rhodopila, Roseococcus, Rubritepida, Saccharibacter, Stella , Swamithania, Teichococcus, Zavarzinia, Pantoea, Acetobacter Zymomonas, Xanthomonas, and, at least one selected from the group consisting of Enterobacter preferred.
- the gram-negative bacterium is at least one selected from the group consisting of Pantoea, Acetobacter, Zymomonas, Xanthomonas, and Enterobacter.
- Pantoea-derived lipopolysaccharide is currently used as a health food and can be said to be particularly effective when administered to the mucosal surface. It is also possible to use the extract derived from these bacteria or a modified product thereof as it is.
- TLR4 agonist examples include derivatives of the specific lipopolysaccharide, such as lipid A or monophosphoryl lipid A from which the polysaccharide moiety has been removed, 3-deacylated MPL, and the like. Or a salt.
- the lipid A from which the polysaccharide part of the lipopolysaccharide is removed may be an isolate derived from the specific gram-negative bacterium, or synthesized so as to have the same structure as the isolate derived from the gram-negative bacterium. You may use what you did.
- monophosphoryl lipid (MPL) or a salt subjected to dephosphorylation is also preferably used.
- the monophosphoryl lipid referred to in the present specification can be a derivative thereof as long as it has the properties in addition to the monophosphoryl lipid itself.
- 3-de-acylated monophosphoryl lipid (3D-MPL) which has already been used as an immunostimulating agent in medical applications, or a deacylated product proposed in US Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0310602.
- Synthetic glucopyranosyl lipid is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety to living bodies.
- the monophosphoryl lipid those derived from Salmonella having safety and precedent use are also preferably used.
- LPS derived from Pantoea agglomerans is preferably used.
- the pantoea agglomerans-derived LPS is preferably a pantoea agglomerans-derived LPS having a molecular weight of 5000 ⁇ 3000, preferably 5000 ⁇ 2000, measured by SDS-PAGE using a protein marker.
- the molecular weight here is measured by the position of the stained band by SDS-PAGE method using a protein marker, which will be described in detail later.
- Pantoea agglomerans-derived LPS preferably used in the present invention is a lipopolysaccharide characterized in that the O-antigen portion is a repeating structure of rhamnose and glucose.
- the LPS derived from Pantoea agglomerans can be produced by culturing Pantoea agglomerans by a conventional method, collecting the cells from the medium, and purifying the collected cells by a known method.
- the molecular weight of the Pantoea agglomerans-derived LPS can be measured by the following method. That is, the molecular weight of pantoea agglomerans-derived LPS prepared as a blend, or pantoea agglomerans-derived LPS extracted and purified from a vaccine composition by an appropriate method can be measured by the following method. Pantoair agglomerans-derived LPS was dissolved in distilled water to prepare a solution having a concentration of 1 mg / mL, and the solution and Sample buffer solution 2ME + (manufactured by WAKO) were mixed in equal amounts and immersed in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes. Immediately after that, immerse in ice water and quench.
- Pantoair agglomerans-derived LPS was dissolved in distilled water to prepare a solution having a concentration of 1 mg / mL, and the solution and Sample buffer solution 2ME + (manufactured by WAKO) were mixed in equal amounts and immersed in a boiling water
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention contains these and other conventionally known immunoregulators as long as they contain lipopolysaccharides or salts thereof derived from specific Gram-negative bacteria as the above-mentioned immunomodulators. You may use it in combination.
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention can be added to the above-mentioned allergen and immunomodulator by adding other components (for example, phosphate buffer solution, etc.) as necessary, and stirring and mixing by a known method. Accordingly, it can be prepared by a known method, followed by further heating, cooling, or drying without heating.
- other components for example, phosphate buffer solution, etc.
- the allergy vaccine composition of this invention may contain the additive as needed.
- the additive may be, for example, an excipient, a binder, a fragrance, a corrigent, a sweetener, a colorant, an isotonic agent.
- Antiseptics, antioxidants, solubilizers, solubilizers, suspending agents, fillers, pH adjusters, stabilizers, absorption enhancers, release rate control agents, plasticizers, crosslinkers, adhesives or Surfactant etc. are mentioned.
- These additives can be used alone or in combination of two or more. These materials are not particularly limited, and conventionally known materials can be used.
- the dosage form of the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention includes, for example, liquids, emulsions, sprays, semi-solid preparations, solid preparations, liniments, lotions and other external liquids, aerosols and other external sprays, gels, It may be a patch such as a tape or a poultice, an ointment, a plaster or a cream.
- the classification, definition, properties, production method and the like of these compositions are well known in the art, and refer to, for example, the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 16th edition.
- the dosage form of the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention is the above-mentioned solid preparation used by dissolving, emulsifying, or suspending by adding a liquid, emulsion, or liquid, so that it can be used for humans or animals. It can be suitably administered by injection. Moreover, since the dosage form of the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention is a liquid, a spray, a semisolid preparation or a solid preparation, it can be suitably administered to human or animal mucosa. In addition, the dosage form of the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention includes external liquids such as liniments and lotions, external sprays such as aerosols, patches such as gels, tapes and poultices, ointments and plasters. Or it can be administered to human or animal skin more suitably by being a cream.
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention is used for induction of immune tolerance.
- Methods for quantitatively measuring the effect of inducing immune tolerance are not particularly limited, and various methods have been developed. For example, an immune tolerance induction experiment using a model animal for immunity evaluation and an ELISA method (allergen antigen-specific IgE antibody) ).
- Examples of the sample for measuring humoral immunity include blood of a model animal for immunity evaluation.
- a “subject” refers to any animal, typically a mammal, including humans, such as mice, rats, dogs, cats, that can be administered an allergic vaccine composition to induce immune tolerance in a practical stage. Rabbit, horse, cow, sheep, pig, goat, monkey, chimpanzee, etc. A particularly preferred subject is a human.
- the antigen type and administration route are preferably a specific combination. Specifically, when the antigen is OVA, transdermal administration is preferred, and when the antigen is cedar pollen, sublingual administration or transdermal administration is preferred, and the antigen is mite allergen. In some cases, administration by subcutaneous injection is preferred.
- the dosage form of the allergic vaccine composition for injection administration is, for example, a liquid, an emulsion, a water-soluble or hydrophobic suspension, or a semi-solid preparation or a solid used by dissolving or suspending a liquid.
- a preparation is preferred.
- a dosage form having a certain degree of fluidity can be suitably administered by injection to humans or animals.
- it does not specifically limit as a material of the dosage form mentioned above, A conventionally well-known thing can be used.
- the contents of the allergen and the immunomodulator in the allergic vaccine composition for injection administration are not particularly limited.
- the allergen in the allergic vaccine composition for injection administration is in the range of 0.01 to 10,000 ⁇ g.
- the immunomodulator in the allergic vaccine composition for injection administration has a mass ratio with the allergen (that is, the total mass of the immunomodulator / the total mass of allergen), for example, in the range of 0.002 to 500. It is preferably contained, more preferably in the range of 0.002 to 50, and still more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10.
- the immunomodulator is preferably Pantoea-derived LPS.
- the administration method of the injection vaccine composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferably administered by any one of intradermal injection, subcutaneous injection and intramuscular injection.
- transmucosal administration examples include administration to the nasal mucosa, oral mucosa, ocular mucosa, ear mucosa, genital mucosa, pharyngeal mucosa, bronchial mucosa, lung mucosa, gastric mucosa, intestinal mucosa, rectal mucosa and the like. It is done.
- the dosage form of the allergic vaccine composition for transmucosal administration is, for example, a semi-solid agent such as a gel (jelly agent), a cream, an ointment, a plaster, a liquid, a powder, a fine granule, a granule, or a film. Further, it may be a solid preparation such as a tablet or an orally disintegrating tablet, a semi-solid preparation, a spray for mucous membrane such as an aerosol, an inhalant and the like.
- a semi-solid agent such as a gel (jelly agent), a cream, an ointment, a plaster, a liquid, a powder, a fine granule, a granule, or a film.
- a solid preparation such as a tablet or an orally disintegrating tablet
- a semi-solid preparation a spray for mucous membrane such as an aerosol, an inhalant and the like.
- the allergic vaccine composition for transmucosal administration of the present invention is administered to human or animal mucosa
- the semi-solid preparation and the solid preparation should be dissolved by body fluid and / or body temperature. Is preferred.
- body fluid and / or body temperature Is preferred.
- the contents of the allergen and the immunomodulator in the allergic vaccine composition for transmucosal administration are not particularly limited.
- the allergen in the allergic vaccine composition for transmucosal administration is in the range of 0.01 to 10,000 ⁇ g.
- the content is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 5000 ⁇ g.
- the immunomodulator in the allergic vaccine composition for transmucosal administration has a mass ratio to the allergen (that is, the total mass of the immunomodulator / the total mass of allergen), for example, in the range of 0.002 to 500. It is preferable that it is contained in the range of 0.01 to 100.
- the immunomodulator contained in the allergic vaccine composition for transmucosal administration is preferably Pantoea-derived LPS.
- the dosage form is preferably a solution or dry powder containing allergen and Pantoea genus LPS.
- the allergic vaccine composition for nasal administration is the above solution, it may be used in the form of a solution in advance or may be dissolved and dispersed in a liquid such as physiological saline.
- the dosage form is preferably a solution, a semisolid preparation or a solid preparation containing allergen and Pantoea genus LPS.
- the allergic vaccine composition for sublingual administration is the above solution, it may be used in the form of a solution in advance or dissolved and dispersed in a liquid such as physiological saline.
- the dosage form of the above-mentioned vaccine pharmaceutical composition for transdermal administration includes, for example, external liquids such as liniments and lotions, external sprays such as aerosols, patches such as gels, tapes and poultices, ointments, Examples thereof include plasters and creams, which may be transdermally administered.
- external liquids such as liniments and lotions
- external sprays such as aerosols
- patches such as gels, tapes and poultices, ointments
- plasters and creams which may be transdermally administered.
- the classification, definition, properties, production method and the like of these compositions are well known in the art, and refer to, for example, the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 16th edition.
- the dosage form of the allergic vaccine composition for transdermal administration is particularly preferably a patch (tape preparation, poultice etc.) from the viewpoint of compliance.
- the content of the allergen and the immunomodulator in the allergic vaccine composition for transdermal administration is not particularly limited, but the content of the allergen is 0.01 to 40 wt. % Is preferable, and 0.1 to 30% by weight is more preferable.
- the immunomodulator in the allergic vaccine composition for transdermal administration has a mass ratio to the allergen (that is, the total mass of the immunomodulator / the total mass of the allergen), for example, in the range of 0.002 to 500. It is preferable that it is contained in the range of 0.01 to 100.
- the tape agent preferably has a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing compounding components (that is, the allergen, the immunomodulator, etc.) and a support that supports the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. You may further have the release liner which can peel easily from the said adhesive layer at the time of use, without exposing the said adhesive layer before use.
- compounding components that is, the allergen, the immunomodulator, etc.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but a hydrophilic substrate such as sodium polyacrylate is preferable because it has good allergen diffusion and release properties.
- the content of the pressure-sensitive adhesive in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but the solid content is preferably 10 to 99% by weight, more preferably 20 to 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 1000 ⁇ m. By setting it as the thickness of the said range, it becomes easy to make the said adhesive layer contain an effective amount of the said compounding component, to exhibit sufficient adhesive force, and to form the said adhesive layer.
- the support is not particularly limited, but is substantially impermeable to the compounding ingredients, that is, the allergen and the immunomodulator contained in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer pass through the support from the back side. Those which are lost and do not cause a decrease in content are preferred.
- the therapeutically effective amount of the allergic disease varies widely depending on the severity of the disease, the age and relative health of the subject, other known factors, and the like. In general, satisfactory results are obtained at daily dosages of about 0.1 ⁇ g to 10 g / kg body weight.
- the immunomodulator is administered simultaneously or sequentially with the allergen, preferably simultaneously.
- the therapeutically effective amount of the above-mentioned immunomodulator can vary widely depending on the specific immunomodulator used, the presence or absence of other additives, etc., but in general, the daily dose is about 0.1 ⁇ g to 10 g / kg. Satisfactory results with weight.
- the daily dose may be administered once, but it may be divided into two or more (for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.). It is preferable that the continuous administration time per time is appropriately selected between 1 minute and 7 days.
- the dosing interval is daily to once a year (eg once a day, once every two days, once every three days, once a week, once every two weeks, once a month, 3 Once a month, once in June, once a year) or longer, depending on the patient's condition, severity of allergic disease, treatment or prevention, etc. It is preferable.
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention is administered at a higher frequency and / or higher dose for the purpose of treating patients who actually have a severe disease, and less frequently and for the purpose of preventing patients without the disease. It is preferable to administer the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention at a low dose.
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention uses the above-mentioned specific immunomodulator together with at least one kind of allergen, it can effectively induce immune tolerance by being administered to the body and the body surface.
- the dosage form of the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention is a dosage form for mucosal administration or transdermal administration
- the patient can self-administer allergen protein at home when used for desensitization therapy. Therefore, the caregiver can easily administer, and the QOL of the patient and the caregiver can be greatly improved.
- non-invasive administration on the body surface is possible, excellent compliance can be obtained. That is, problems from the viewpoint of QOL of the patient such as pain, fear, injection scar and subsequent scarring, and repeated visits are a burden on the patient's life.
- the dosage form of the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention is in the form of a patch such as a tape or a poultice, a predetermined dose can be reliably administered, the drug release rate can be arbitrarily controlled, There is an advantage that it does not adhere to other parts. Furthermore, since the patch can be easily attached and detached, there is an advantage that the patient can immediately stop administration by removing the patch from the application site when a side effect occurs. Therefore, the patch is particularly preferable in terms of compliance.
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention By administering the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention, the immune tolerance inducing effect is remarkably improved as compared with the allergen administration alone. Furthermore, by using the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention for non-invasive administration on the body surface (for example, transdermal administration or transmucosal administration), strong immune tolerance can be induced compared with injection administration. it can.
- Examples 1 to 4 Each administration group was prepared for 5 animals.
- OVA Sigma
- Pantoea agglomerans-derived lipopolysaccharide manufactured by innate immunity applied engineering company
- vaccine compositions corresponding to Table 1 (sublingually) Administration agent, nasal administration agent, subcutaneous administration agent).
- the OVA (100 ⁇ g / mL) and the Pantoea agglomerans-derived lipopolysaccharide solution (10 ⁇ g / mL) were mixed with sodium polyacrylate (1000 ⁇ g) as an adhesive to prepare a drug-containing adhesive solution.
- This drug-containing pressure-sensitive adhesive solution is stretched and dried on a polyester release film to form a drug-containing pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a thickness of about 60 ⁇ m, which is transferred to a PET-nonwoven fabric laminate type support having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, and has a thickness of about 80 ⁇ m.
- Film was obtained. The obtained film was cut into 0.7 cm 2 to obtain a vaccine composition (transdermal administration agent) corresponding to Table 1.
- the allergen was mixed with physiological saline or sodium polyacrylate as an adhesive to prepare a content corresponding to the dose shown in Table 1.
- IgE was measured in mice not added with allergen and immunomodulator.
- Mice female 8-week-old BALB / C mice, Nippon SLC Co., Ltd.
- Each group was anesthetized, and the vaccine composition prepared for each mouse was 20 ⁇ L for the sublingual administration group, 10 ⁇ L for the nasal administration group, and subcutaneous injection.
- the administration group was administered with 200 ⁇ L, and the transdermal administration group was administered with one piece of tape.
- each said preparation is prepared so that the said OVA (10 microgram / mL) and the said Pantoea agglomerans origin lipopolysaccharide solution (1 microgram / mL) may be administered per administration.
- the mice were anesthetized 10 times in total, and the vaccine composition prepared for each mouse was 20 ⁇ L in the sublingual administration group, 10 ⁇ L in the nasal administration group, 200 ⁇ L in the subcutaneous injection administration group, In the transdermal administration group, one tape was administered.
- mouse serum was collected and the serum OVA-specific IgE titer was measured by ELISA. A detailed measurement method will be described later.
- Examples 5 to 8, Comparative Examples 5 to 8) Vaccine compositions corresponding to Table 2 were prepared by basically the same procedures as in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, except that the standardized allergen extract for cedar pollen (Trui) (10 ⁇ g / mL) was used.
- Mice female 8-week-old BALB / C mice, Nippon SLC Co., Ltd.
- Each group was anesthetized, and the vaccine composition prepared for each mouse was 20 ⁇ L for the sublingual administration group, 10 ⁇ L for the nasal administration group, and subcutaneous injection.
- the administration group was administered with 200 ⁇ L, and the transdermal administration group was administered with one piece of tape.
- each preparation is prepared so that the therapeutic standardized allergen extract cedar pollen (10 ⁇ g / mL) and the Pantoea agglomerans-derived lipopolysaccharide solution (1 ⁇ g / mL) are administered per administration. ing.
- the mice were anesthetized 10 times in total, and the vaccine composition prepared for each mouse was 20 ⁇ L in the sublingual administration group, 10 ⁇ L in the nasal administration group, 200 ⁇ L in the subcutaneous injection administration group, In the transdermal administration group, one tape was administered.
- the serum of the mouse was collected, and the serum allergen extract cedar pollen-specific IgE titer was measured by ELISA. A detailed measurement method will be described later.
- Vaccine compositions corresponding to Table 3 were prepared by basically the same procedures as in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 except that mite allergen (Sigma) (10 ⁇ g / mL) was used.
- mite allergen Sigma
- Mice female 8-week-old BALB / C mice, Nippon SLC Co., Ltd.
- Each group was anesthetized, and the vaccine composition prepared for each mouse was 20 ⁇ L for the sublingual administration group, 10 ⁇ L for the nasal administration group, and subcutaneous injection.
- the administration group was administered with 200 ⁇ L, and the transdermal administration group was administered with one piece of tape.
- each said formulation is prepared so that the said mite allergen (10 microgram / mL) and the said Pantoea agglomerans origin lipopolysaccharide solution (1 microgram / mL) may be administered per administration.
- the mice were anesthetized 10 times in total, and the vaccine composition prepared for each mouse was 20 ⁇ L in the sublingual administration group, 10 ⁇ L in the nasal administration group, 200 ⁇ L in the subcutaneous injection administration group, In the transdermal administration group, one tape was administered.
- mouse serum was collected, and the mite allergen-specific IgE titer in the serum was measured by ELISA. A detailed measurement method will be described later.
- mice immunization experiment The administration was performed 10 times for 2 weeks for 8 week old females and BALB / c mice. One week after the final administration, mouse blood was collected. The blood was centrifuged at 3000 G for 10 minutes at 4 ° C., and 300 ⁇ L of phosphate buffer (Nacalai Tesque) was added to 20 ⁇ L of the supernatant to obtain a serum sample. Induction of immune tolerance was assessed by measuring OVA-specific IgE titers in mouse serum.
- ELISA method Method for measuring antigen-specific IgE titer in mouse serum (ELISA method) 100 ⁇ L of each allergen diluted with carbonate buffer (for example, OVA antigen solution when measuring OVA-specific IgE antibody titer) (100 ⁇ g / mL) was added to a 96-well plate for ELISA, and allowed to stand overnight. The wells were washed three times with Tween20-containing PBS (hereinafter referred to as a washing solution) prepared in advance, and 200 ⁇ L of blocking solution (blocking ace, DS Pharma Biomedical) diluted to 4 g / 400 mL with purified water was added. Left at room temperature for hours.
- carbonate buffer for example, OVA antigen solution when measuring OVA-specific IgE antibody titer
- a washing solution obtained by diluting a blocking agent (Block Ace, manufactured by DS Pharma Biomedical) to 0.4 g / 100 mL with a phosphate buffer (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque) (hereinafter referred to as reagent diluent), 1
- a blocking agent Block Ace, manufactured by DS Pharma Biomedical
- a phosphate buffer manufactured by Nacalai Tesque
- allergen mice For BALB / c mice, an injection prepared in 200 ⁇ L by dissolving or suspending allergen (OVA 10 ⁇ g / mL) and aluminum hydroxide gel (corresponding to 1 mg as Al (OH) 3 ) in physiological saline twice at weekly intervals The agent was prepared by subcutaneous injection.
- allergen mice sensitized to each allergen in the same manner as described above were prepared by changing the allergen to cedar pollen (10 ⁇ g / mL) or mite allergen (10 ⁇ g / mL).
- the allergic vaccine composition of the present invention is used in combination with the above-described specific immunomodulator together with at least one kind of allergen, it can induce immune tolerance safely and effectively.
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Abstract
Description
減感作療法は、一般的に2~3年程度の長期間投与が必要であるため、介護者及び患者のQOL(quality of life)をより向上させるような、効果的で取扱い容易なワクチン製剤が必要であると考えられている。
しかしながら、Pantoea属由来LPSを配合したワクチン製剤により、後者の免疫寛容の誘導を示す例は開示されていなかった。すなわち、Pantoea属由来LPSを配合したワクチン製剤を多数回投与してアレルギー症状を緩和できるかどうかは開示されていなかった。
0.002未満であると、充分な強さの免疫寛容が誘導されないことがあり、500を超えると、安全面での問題が生じる恐れがある。上記免疫調節剤と上記アレルゲンとの質量比のより好ましい下限は0.01、より好ましい上限は100である。上記免疫調節剤と上記アレルゲンとの質量比がこの範囲にあることで、安全性を確保しつつ、充分な強さの免疫寛容が誘導できる。上記免疫調節剤と上記アレルゲンとの質量比の更に好ましい上限は10である。
本明細書にいう「アレルゲンの質量」は、特記する場合を除き、ワクチン中のアレルゲンに含まれるアレルゲンタンパク質の質量のことである。したがって、アレルゲンが、生体由来物質である場合は、そのアレルゲンに含まれる全タンパク質の質量を意味する。
上記アレルゲンは、具体的には樹木類の花粉に由来するアレルゲン(アカシア、ハンノキ、ビロードアオダイモ、セイヨウブナ、白樺、カエデ、山スギ、赤スギ、ハコヤナギ、ヒノキ、アメリカニレ、アキニレ、トガサワラ、ゴムの木、ユーカリの木、エノキ、ヒッコリー、アメリカシナノキ、サトウカエデ、メスキート、カジノキ、コナラ属、オリーブ、ペカン、コショウ、マツ、イボタツキ、ロシアオリーブ、アメリカスズカケ、ニワウルシ、クロクルミ、クロヤナギ等)、草木類の花粉に由来するアレルゲン(ワタ、ギョウギシバ、ナガハグサ、スズメノチャヒキ、トウモロコシ、ヒロハウシノケグサ、セイバンモロコシ、カラスムギ、カモガヤ、コヌカグサ、ホソムギ、コメ、ハルガヤ、オオアワガエリ、ヒユ、アカザ、オナモミ、ギシギシ、セイタカアワダチソウ、イソホウキ、シロザ、キンセンカ、イラクサ、アオビエ、ヘラオオバコ、オオブタクサ、ブタクサ、ブタクサモドキ、ノハラヒジキ、ヤマヨモギ、エニシダ、ヒメスイバ等)、虫由来のアレルゲン(カイコ、ダニ、ミツバチ、スズメバチ、アリ、ゴキブリ等)、菌由来のアレルゲン(アルテルナリア、アスペルギルス、ボツリヌス、カンジダ、セファロスポリウム、カーブラリア属、エピコッカム菌、表皮菌、フザリウム属、ヘルミントスポリウム属、連鎖クラドスポリウム、ケカビ、ペニシュリウム、ファーマ属、プルラリアプルランス、クモノスカビ等)、動物の体毛由来のアレルゲン(犬、猫、鳥等)、ハウスダスト由来のアレルゲンタンパク質、食物由来のアレルゲン(OVA等)等が挙げられ、アレルギー性疾患を持っている人の抗体と特異的に反応する抗原であれば特に限定されない。
上記免疫調節剤としては、トール様受容体4(TLR4)アゴニストが挙げられ、本発明では、該トール様受容体4(TLR4)アゴニストとして、特定のリポポリサッカライドが用いられる。
なお、本明細書にいう「リポポリサッカライド」は、リポポリサッカライドそれ自体のほか、その性質を有する限りその誘導体であることができる。本明細書にいう塩とは、任意の有機酸又は無機酸であってよいが、好ましくは薬学的に許容される塩である。
上記LPSは、大腸菌、サルモネラ菌、百日咳菌等のグラム陰性細菌細胞壁のペプチドグリカンを囲む外膜に存在している脂質及び糖からなる複合化合物であり、O抗原及びエンドトキシンの活性成分として知られている[ジェー・エム・ギューセン及びアール・ハッケンベック(J.M.Ghuysen and R.Hakenbeck)編、「ニュー・コンプリヘンシブ・バイオケミストリー(New Comprehensive Biochemistry)」、第27巻、バクテリアル・セル・ウオール(Bacterial Cell Wall)、第18ページ、エルセヴィア(Elsevea)、1994年]。
上記LPSの基本構造は、特異な脂質を有するリピドA、それに共有結合したRコアと呼ばれるオリゴ糖、更にO特異多糖の3成分よりなっている(「日経バイオテクノロジー最新用語辞典」、第431ページ、日経マグロウヒル社、1985年)。
上記免疫調節剤に用いられるリポポリサッカライドの由来細菌としては、Serratia(Pantoea菌近種/パン、肉類、牛乳、常在細菌の一種)、Leclercia(Pantoea菌近種/食品全般(土壌菌))、Rahnella(Pantoea菌近種/常在細菌の一種)、Acidicaldus(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Acidiphilium(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Acidisphaera(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Acidocella(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Acidomonas(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Asaia(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Belnapia(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Craurococcus(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Gluconacetobacter(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Gluconobacter(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Kozakia(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Leahibacter(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Muricoccus(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Neoasaia(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Oleomonas(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Paracraurococcus(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Rhodopila(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Roseococcus(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Rubritepida(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Saccharibacter(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Stella(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Swaminathania(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Teichococcus(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Zavarzinia(酢酸菌類/発酵食品製造)、Pseudomonas(シュードモナス菌類/牛肉、卵、肉類、魚介類、野菜)、Achromobacter(アクロモバクター菌類/魚介類、肉類)、Bacillus(バシラス菌類/米、野菜)、Methanoculleus(メタン産生菌類/動物の腸に寄生するメタン産生菌)、Methanosarcina(メタン産生菌類/動物の腸に寄生するメタン産生菌)、Clostridium(クロストリジウム菌類/肉類、牛乳、野菜、缶詰)、Micrococcus(放射菌類/肉類、魚介類)、Flavobacterium(バクロイデス菌類/食品の腐敗菌)、Pantoea、Acetobacter、Zymomonas、Xanthomonas、及び、Enterobacterが挙げられる。これらは、多くの食品に含まれるものであるか、食品の製造工程で用いられるものであるため、生体への安全性が担保されている。
なかでも、Serratia、Leclercia、Rahnella、Acidicaldus、Acidiphilium、Acidisphaera、Acidocella、Acidomonas、Asaia、Belnapia、Craurococcus、Gluconacetobacter、Gluconobacter、Kozakia、Leahibacter、Muricoccus、Neoasaia、Oleomonas、Paracraurococcus、Rhodopila、Roseococcus、Rubritepida、Saccharibacter、Stella、Swaminathania、Teichococcus、Zavarzinia、Pantoea、Acetobacter、Zymomonas、Xanthomonas、及び、Enterobacterからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が好ましい。
上記グラム陰性菌としては、Pantoea、Acetobacter、Zymomonas、Xanthomonas、及び、Enterobacterからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である。特にPantoea由来リポポリサッカライドは、現在健康食品として用いられており、特に粘膜面に投与する際により有効であるといえる。これらの菌由来の抽出物又はその改変体をそのまま用いることも可能である。
上記リポポリサッカライドの多糖部分を除去したリピドAとしては、上記特定のグラム陰性菌由来の単離物であればよく、あるいはこれらのグラム陰性菌由来の単離物と同じ構造になるように合成した物を用いてもよい。
また、上記リピドAの改変体としては、脱リン酸化を行ったモノホスホリルリピッド(MPL)又は塩も好適に用いられる。なお、本明細書にいうモノホスホリルリピッドは、モノホスホリルリピッドそれ自体のほか、その性質を有する限りその誘導体であることができる。特に既に医療用途で免疫賦活化剤として実績がある3-脱-アシル化物モノホスホリルリピッド(3D-MPL)、又は、米国特許出願公開第2010/0310602号明細書で提案されている脱アシル化されていない合成Glucopyranosyl lipidが生体への安全性の観点から好ましい。
また、上記モノホスホリルリピッドとしては、安全性及び使用前例のあるサルモネラ菌由来のものも好適に用いられる。
本発明でも好ましく用いられるパントエア・アグロメランス由来LPSは、O-抗原部分がラムノースとグルコースとの繰返し構造であることを特徴とするリポポリサッカライドである。
すなわち、配合物として用意したパントエア・アグロメランス由来LPS、あるいはワクチン組成物から適当な方法で抽出精製したパントエア・アグロメランス由来LPSについて、以下の方法で分子量を測定できる。
パントエア・アグロメランス由来LPSを蒸留水に溶解して1mg/mLの濃度の溶液を調製し、その溶液と、Sample buffer solution 2ME+(WAKO社製)を等量混合し、5分間沸騰水浴中に浸し、その後直ちに氷水中に浸して急冷する。
ランニングバッファー(アトー社製)をスラブゲル電気泳動槽(マリソル社製)に満たし、20%ポリアクリルアミドゲルを泳動槽に固定し、サンプル溝に10μLずつ検体を入れ、電圧を100Vにて少なくとも1時間通電して、色素がゲルより溶出するまで泳動を継続する。泳動終了後に、銀染色キット161-0443(バイオラッド社製)により室温で銀染色を行い、挙動を確認する。
これらの材料としては特に限定されず、従来公知のものが使用できる。
後述のように、本発明のアレルギーワクチン組成物の剤形が、液剤、エマルジョン剤又は液体を添加して溶解、乳化、あるいは懸濁させて使用する上記固形製剤であることで、ヒト又は動物に注射により好適に投与することができる。また、本発明のアレルギーワクチン組成物の剤形が、液剤、噴霧剤、半固形製剤又は固形製剤であることで、ヒト又は動物の粘膜に好適に投与することができる。また、本発明のアレルギーワクチン組成物の剤形が、リニメント剤、ローション剤等の外用液剤、エアゾール剤等の外用スプレー剤、ゲル剤、テープ剤及びパップ剤等の貼付剤、軟膏剤、硬膏剤又はクリーム剤であることで、より好適にヒト又は動物の皮膚に投与することができる。
また、本発明のアレルギーワクチン組成物は、抗原の種類と投与経路とが特定の組み合わせであることが好ましい。具体的には、上記抗原がOVAである場合、経皮投与であることが好ましく、上記抗原がスギ花粉である場合、舌下投与又は経皮投与であることが好ましく、上記抗原がダニアレルゲンである場合、皮下注射による投与が好ましい。
上記注射投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物の剤型は、例えば、液剤、エマルジョン剤、水溶性又は疎水性の懸濁剤、又は、液体を添加して溶解あるいは懸濁させて使用する半固形製剤又は固形製剤であることが好ましい。ある程度の流動性を有する剤型であれば、ヒト又は動物に好適に注射投与することができる。
なお、上述した剤型の材料としては特に限定されず、従来公知のものを使用することが出来る。
上記注射投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物中の上記アレルゲン及び上記免疫調節剤の含有量は特に限定されないが、例えば、上記注射投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物中の上記アレルゲンは、0.01~10000μgの範囲で含有されていることが好ましく、0.1~5000μgの範囲で含有されていることがより好ましい。また、上記注射投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物中の上記免疫調節剤は、上記アレルゲンとの質量比(すなわち、免疫調節剤の総質量/アレルゲンの総質量)が、例えば0.002~500の範囲で含有されていることが好ましく、0.002~50の範囲で含有されていることがより好ましく、0.01~10の範囲で含有されていることが更に好ましい。
また、上記免疫調節剤はPantoea属由来LPSであることが好ましい。
上記経粘膜投与として、例えば、鼻粘膜、口腔内粘膜、眼粘膜、耳粘膜、生殖器粘膜、咽頭粘膜、気道粘膜、気管支粘膜、肺粘膜、胃粘膜、腸管粘膜、直腸粘膜等への投与が挙げられる。
上記経粘膜投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物の剤型は、例えば、ゲル剤(ゼリー剤)、クリーム剤、軟膏剤、硬膏剤等の半固形剤、液剤、散剤、細粒剤、顆粒剤、フィルム剤、錠剤、口腔内崩壊錠等の固形製剤、半固形製剤、エアゾール剤等の粘膜用スプレー剤、吸引剤等であってよい。これらの組成物の区分、定義、性質、製法等は、当該技術分野において周知であり、例えば日本薬局方第16版を参照されたい。
また、本発明の経粘膜投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物は、ヒト又は動物の粘膜に投与されるものであるので、上記半固形製剤及び固形製剤は、体液及び/又は体温によって溶解するものであることが好ましい。
なお、上述した剤型の材料としては特に限定されず、従来公知のものを使用することが出来る。
上記経粘膜投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物中の上記アレルゲン及び免疫調節剤の含有量は特に限定されないが、例えば、上記経粘膜投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物中の上記アレルゲンは、0.01~10000μgの範囲で含有されていることが好ましく、0.1~5000μgの範囲で含有されていることがより好ましい。また、上記経粘膜投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物中の上記免疫調節剤は、上記アレルゲンとの質量比(すなわち、免疫調節剤の総質量/アレルゲンの総質量)が、例えば0.002~500の範囲で含有されていることが好ましく、0.01~100の範囲で含有されていることがより好ましい。
上記経皮投与用ワクチン医薬組成物の剤型は、例えば、リニメント剤、ローション剤等の外用液剤、エアゾール剤等の外用スプレー剤、ゲル剤、テープ剤及びパップ剤等の貼付剤、軟膏剤、硬膏剤、クリーム剤等が挙げられ、経皮投与できるものであってよい。これらの組成物の区分、定義、性質、製法等は、当該技術分野において周知であり、例えば日本薬局方第16版を参照されたい。上記経皮投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物の剤形は、コンプライアンスの観点から特に貼付剤(テープ剤、パップ剤等)が好ましい。
なお、上述した剤型の材料としては特に限定されず、従来公知のものを使用することが出来る。
上記経皮投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物中(テープ剤の場合は、粘着剤層中)の上記アレルゲン及び免疫調節剤の含有量は特に限定されないが、上記アレルゲンの含有量は0.01~40重量%が好ましく、0.1~30重量%がより好ましい。また、上記経皮投与用アレルギーワクチン組成物中の上記免疫調節剤は、上記アレルゲンとの質量比(すなわち、免疫調節剤の総質量/アレルゲンの総質量)が、例えば0.002~500の範囲で含有されていることが好ましく、0.01~100の範囲で含有されていることがより好ましい。
上記粘着剤層中の上記粘着剤の含有量は特に限定されないが、固形分として、上記粘着剤層の総重量の10~99重量%が好ましく、20~95重量%がより好ましい。
上記免疫調節剤の治療上有効量は、用いる具体的な免疫調節剤、他の添加剤の有無等に依存して広範に変化しうるが、一般に、1日用量約0.1μg~10g/kg体重で満足のいく結果が得られる。
また、本発明のアレルギーワクチン組成物の剤形が、粘膜投与又は経皮投与のための剤形である場合、減感作療法に用いられると、患者が、在宅においてアレルゲンタンパク質の自己投与が可能であるため、介護者が投与しやすく、患者及び介護者のQOLを大幅に向上させることができる。また、非侵襲的な体表面上の投与が可能であるため、優れたコンプライアンスが得られる。
即ち、痛み、恐怖心、注射痕及びそれに続く瘢痕化、繰り返し投与を行う場合は通院が患者の生活の負担となること等の患者のQOLの観点からの問題が低減される。
本発明のアレルギーワクチン組成物の剤形が、テープ剤及びパップ剤等の貼付剤の形態であれば、所定の投与量を確実に投与でき、薬物放出速度を任意に制御でき、また、投与に際して他の部位に付着することがないという利点がある。更に、貼付剤は容易に着脱可能であるため、副作用が生じた場合等に適用部位から貼付剤を除去することによって患者自らが即座に投与を中止することができるという利点も有する。したがって貼付剤はコンプライアンスの面で特に好ましい。
本発明のアレルギーワクチン組成物を投与することで、アレルゲンの単独投与と比較して、免疫寛容誘導効果が顕著に向上する。更に、本発明のアレルギーワクチン組成物を非侵襲的な体表面上の投与(例えば、経皮投与又は経粘膜投与)に用いることで、注射投与と比較して、強い免疫寛容を誘導することができる。
各投与群は5匹分として調製した。
OVA(Sigma)(10μg/mL)と、Pantoea agglomerans由来リポポリサッカライド(自然免疫応用技研社製)溶液(1μg/mL)に生理食塩水を混和し、表1に相当するワクチン組成物(舌下投与剤、経鼻投与剤、皮下投与剤)を得た。
また、上記OVA(100μg/mL)及び上記Pantoea agglomerans由来リポポリサッカライド溶液(10μg/mL)を、粘着剤であるポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(1000μg)に混和し、薬物含有粘着剤溶液を調製した。この薬物含有粘着剤溶液をポリエステル剥離フィルム上に延伸乾燥して、厚み約60μmの薬物含有粘着層を形成し、これを厚み20μmのPET-不織布張り合わせ型の支持体に転写して、厚み約80μmのフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムを0.7cm2に裁断して、表1に相当するワクチン組成物(経皮投与剤)を得た。また、比較例では、免疫調節剤を加えずに、アレルゲンを生理食塩水又は粘着剤であるポリアクリル酸ナトリウムに混和し、表1に示す投与量に相当する含量となるように調製した。
参考例1~3では、アレルゲン及び免疫調節剤を加えていないマウスのIgEを測定した。
マウス(メス8週齢BALB/Cマウス、日本エスエルシー社)各群5匹に麻酔後、それぞれのマウスに調製したワクチン組成物を舌下投与群は20μL、経鼻投与群は10μL、皮下注射投与群は200μL、経皮投与群はテープ1枚それぞれ投与した。ここで、1回の投与につき、上記OVA(10μg/mL)と上記Pantoea agglomerans由来リポポリサッカライド溶液(1μg/mL)とが投与されるように、上記各製剤は調製されている。当該投与から2週間の間で、合計10回、マウスに麻酔をかけ、それぞれのマウスに調製したワクチン組成物を舌下投与群は20μL、経鼻投与群は10μL、皮下注射投与群は200μL、経皮投与群はテープ1枚それぞれ投与した。10度目の投与から更に1週間後に、マウスの血清を採取し、血清中OVA特異的IgE力価の測定をELISA法により測定を行った。
なお、詳細な測定方法は後述する。
治療用標準化アレルゲンエキススギ花粉(トリイ)(10μg/mL)に変更した以外は基本的に実施例1~4、比較例1~4に準ずる操作で表2に相当するワクチン組成物を調製した。
マウス(メス8週齢BALB/Cマウス、日本エスエルシー社)各群5匹に麻酔後、それぞれのマウスに調製したワクチン組成物を舌下投与群は20μL、経鼻投与群は10μL、皮下注射投与群は200μL、経皮投与群はテープ1枚それぞれ投与した。ここで、1回の投与につき、上記治療用標準化アレルゲンエキススギ花粉(10μg/mL)と上記Pantoea agglomerans由来リポポリサッカライド溶液(1μg/mL)とが投与されるように、上記各製剤は調製されている。当該投与から2週間の間で、合計10回、マウスに麻酔をかけ、それぞれのマウスに調製したワクチン組成物を舌下投与群は20μL、経鼻投与群は10μL、皮下注射投与群は200μL、経皮投与群はテープ1枚それぞれ投与した。10度目の投与から更に1週間後に、マウスの血清を採取し、血清中アレルゲンエキススギ花粉特異的IgE力価の測定をELISA法により測定を行った。
なお、詳細な測定方法は後述する。
ダニアレルゲン(Sigma)(10μg/mL)に変更した以外は基本的に実施例1~4、比較例1~4に準ずる操作で表3に相当するワクチン組成物を調製した。
マウス(メス8週齢BALB/Cマウス、日本エスエルシー社)各群5匹に麻酔後、それぞれのマウスに調製したワクチン組成物を舌下投与群は20μL、経鼻投与群は10μL、皮下注射投与群は200μL、経皮投与群はテープ1枚それぞれ投与した。ここで、1回の投与につき、上記ダニアレルゲン(10μg/mL)と上記Pantoea agglomerans由来リポポリサッカライド溶液(1μg/mL)とが投与されるように、上記各製剤は調製されている。当該投与から2週間の間で、合計10回、マウスに麻酔をかけ、それぞれのマウスに調製したワクチン組成物を舌下投与群は20μL、経鼻投与群は10μL、皮下注射投与群は200μL、経皮投与群はテープ1枚それぞれ投与した。10度目の投与から更に1週間後に、マウスの血清を採取し、血清中ダニアレルゲン特異的IgE力価の測定をELISA法により測定を行った。
なお、詳細な測定方法は後述する。
8週齢、メス、BALB/cマウスについて10回、2週間の間にて投与を行った。最終投与より一週間後、マウス血液を採取した。血液は4℃下3000Gで10分間遠心し、上清20μLにリン酸緩衝液(ナカライテスク社製)300μLを加えて血清サンプルとした。
マウス血清中のOVA特異的IgE力価を測定することにより、免疫寛容の誘導を評価した。
ELISA用96ウェルプレートに炭酸緩衝液にて希釈した各アレルゲン(例えばOVA特異的IgE抗体価を測定する時にはOVA抗原溶液)(100μg/mL)を100μLずつ添加し、一晩放置した。
予め準備したTween20含有PBS(以下洗浄液)で3回ウェルを洗浄し、ブロッキング剤(Block Ace、DSファーマバイオメディカル社製)を精製水で4g/400mLに希釈したブロッキング溶液を200μLずつ添加し、2時間室温で放置した。その後、洗浄液で3回ウェルを洗浄した。
ブロッキング剤(Block Ace、DSファーマバイオメディカル社製)をリン酸緩衝液(ナカライテスク社製)で0.4g/100mLに希釈した溶液(以下試薬希釈液)を用いて、前述の血清サンプルを1/2倍ずつ15回段階希釈し、その溶液をそれぞれ50μLずつ添加し、2時間室温で放置した。
その後、洗浄液で3回ウェルを洗浄し、試薬希釈液でHRP標識抗マウスIgE抗体(Goat-anti-mouse IgG Fc HRP、BETHYL社製)を10000倍に希釈したものを、100μLずつ添加し、1時間室温で放置した。
その後、洗浄液で3回ウェルを洗浄し、TMB溶液(ELISA POD TMBキット、ナカライテスク社製)を100μLずつ加えた。ここに1M硫酸溶液を100μLずつ加え、当該96ウェルプレートをマイクロプレートリーダー(168-11135CAM、バイオラッド社製)で450nmの吸光度を測定した。段階希釈時の吸光度を基に、その吸光度が0.1を切らない最大の希釈倍率をマウス血清中IgE力価とし、その値をLog2の値で求めた。
BALB/cマウスについて1週間間隔で2回、アレルゲン(OVA 10μg/mL)及び水酸化アルミニウムゲル(Al(OH)3として1mg相当)を生理食塩水に溶解又は懸濁させ、200μLに調製した注射剤を皮下注射投与して作製した。また、アレルゲンをスギ花粉(10μg/mL)又はダニアレルゲン(10μg/mL)に変更して、上述と同様に各アレルゲンに感作したアレルギーマウスを作製した。
これらの結果から、アレルゲンと免疫調節剤としての特定のグラム陰性細菌由来のリポポリサッカライド又はその塩との併用が、免疫寛容の誘導に有効であることが見出された。
Claims (3)
- アレルギー性疾患を予防又は治療するためにアレルギー性疾患を有するヒト又は動物に投与されるワクチン組成物であって、
免疫調節剤として、Serratia、Leclercia、Rahnella、Acidicaldus、Acidiphilium、Acidisphaera、Acidocella、Acidomonas、Asaia、Belnapia、Craurococcus、Gluconacetobacter、Gluconobacter、Kozakia、Leahibacter、Muricoccus、Neoasaia、Oleomonas、Paracraurococcus、Rhodopila、Roseococcus、Rubritepida、Saccharibacter、Stella、Swaminathania、Teichococcus、Zavarzinia、Pseudomonas、Achromobacter、Bacillus、Methanoculleus、Methanosarcina、Clostridium、Micrococcus、Flavobacterium、Pantoea、Acetobacter、Zymomonas、Xanthomonas、及び、Enterobacterからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のグラム陰性細菌由来のリポポリサッカライド又はその塩と、少なくとも一種類のアレルゲンとを含む
ことを特徴とするアレルギーワクチン組成物。 - 免疫調節剤とアレルゲンとの質量比(免疫調節剤の総質量/アレルゲンの総質量)が、0.002~500である請求項1記載のアレルギーワクチン組成物。
- ヒト又は動物に対して5回以上投与されるものである請求項1又は2記載のアレルギーワクチン組成物。
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| RU2017141745A RU2017141745A (ru) | 2015-05-01 | 2016-04-28 | Вакцинная композиция против аллергии |
| CN201680025209.0A CN107530413A (zh) | 2015-05-01 | 2016-04-28 | 变态反应疫苗组合物 |
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| JP7414385B1 (ja) | 2023-04-24 | 2024-01-16 | 源一郎 杣 | リポ多糖、リポ多糖製造方法及びリポ多糖配合物 |
| KR20250082490A (ko) * | 2023-11-30 | 2025-06-09 | 한국화학연구원 | 개 아토피 피부질환 동물모델 및 이의 용도 |
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| US20080219526A1 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2008-09-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. | System and Method for Volume Rendering Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Perfusion Images |
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| JP5190628B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2013-04-24 | 一般財団法人阪大微生物病研究会 | 混合免疫賦活剤を含む新規ワクチン |
| JP5650780B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-04 | 2015-01-07 | 日東電工株式会社 | ワクチン組成物 |
| BR112016006245A2 (pt) * | 2013-10-03 | 2017-08-01 | Nitto Denko Corp | composição de vacina de mucosa |
| WO2015050181A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-03 | 2015-04-09 | 日東電工株式会社 | 注射ワクチン組成物 |
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| US10420837B2 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2019-09-24 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Vaccine pharmaceutical composition for transdermal administration |
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| EP3290049A1 (en) | 2018-03-07 |
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| CA2979523A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
| US20180147235A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
| JP2016210771A (ja) | 2016-12-15 |
| RU2017141745A (ru) | 2019-06-04 |
| US10688120B2 (en) | 2020-06-23 |
| KR20170141680A (ko) | 2017-12-26 |
| CN107530413A (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
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