WO2016192007A1 - 充电电路和移动终端 - Google Patents

充电电路和移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016192007A1
WO2016192007A1 PCT/CN2015/080490 CN2015080490W WO2016192007A1 WO 2016192007 A1 WO2016192007 A1 WO 2016192007A1 CN 2015080490 W CN2015080490 W CN 2015080490W WO 2016192007 A1 WO2016192007 A1 WO 2016192007A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
switch tube
charging
coil
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/080490
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张加亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to PCT/CN2015/080490 priority Critical patent/WO2016192007A1/zh
Priority to AU2015397725A priority patent/AU2015397725B2/en
Priority to CN201810141979.2A priority patent/CN108390428B/zh
Priority to CA2960419A priority patent/CA2960419C/en
Priority to SG11201701763YA priority patent/SG11201701763YA/en
Priority to KR1020177006323A priority patent/KR101910303B1/ko
Priority to EP15893545.2A priority patent/EP3142217A4/en
Priority to MX2017004068A priority patent/MX367706B/es
Priority to JP2017513190A priority patent/JP2017529043A/ja
Priority to CN201580004523.6A priority patent/CN106068593B/zh
Priority to BR112017006269-0A priority patent/BR112017006269B1/pt
Priority to MYPI2017000630A priority patent/MY188130A/en
Application filed by Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd filed Critical Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority to TW105117066A priority patent/TWI646752B/zh
Priority to US15/371,451 priority patent/US10938228B2/en
Publication of WO2016192007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016192007A1/zh
Priority to PH12017500896A priority patent/PH12017500896B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US15/990,266 priority patent/US10819121B2/en
Priority to US17/135,554 priority patent/US20210119463A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/663—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/865—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/337—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
    • H02M3/3376—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of mobile terminals, and, more particularly, to a charging circuit and a mobile terminal
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a charging circuit used in a conventional mobile terminal.
  • This circuit diagram is called BUCK circuit and mainly includes: MOS tube, control circuit, diode, inductor and battery.
  • the control circuit controls the turn-on and turn-off of the MOS transistor to generate a varying square wave current that flows from the MOS tube to the inductor and is regulated by the inductor to flow to the battery.
  • the main problem in the prior art, or the risk, is that the MOS tube may be broken down, causing current to pass directly through the inductor, current and voltage check circuit and battery, which will cause the battery to exceed the limit voltage, resulting in catastrophic consequences.
  • the cause of damage to the MOS tube can be:
  • the MOS tube is misdirected, and the voltage applied across the MOS tube exceeds the maximum withstand voltage, electrostatic breakdown or surge of the MOS tube;
  • MOS has many problems, and in order to avoid the above problems and improve the reliability of the MOS tube, the existing solution is to increase the resistance of the MOS transistor's on-resistance (RDSON) to improve the withstand voltage of the MOS tube.
  • RDSON MOS transistor's on-resistance
  • high on-resistance may cause problems such as easy heating of the charging circuit and low energy transmission efficiency.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a charging circuit and a mobile terminal to improve reliability of a charging circuit in a mobile terminal.
  • a charging circuit is provided, the charging circuit being disposed between a charging interface of a mobile terminal and a battery, the charging circuit comprising: sequentially connecting between the charging interface and the battery a first circuit, a magnetic coupling element, and a second circuit, wherein the first circuit receives a first current from the charging interface and converts the first current into a second current that varies in magnitude and/or direction
  • the magnetic coupling element includes a first coil and a second coil, wherein the first coil is coupled to the first circuit, the second coil is coupled to the second circuit, the first coil and The second coils are spaced apart from each other to open a DC path of the charging circuit, and the magnetic coupling element utilizes a second current of varying magnitude and/or direction to electromagnetically induce energy from the first coil Passing to the second coil to form a third current; the second circuit for adjusting the third current to a fourth current that is suitable for charging the battery to charge the battery.
  • the first circuit includes a half bridge circuit and a control circuit that controls the half bridge circuit, the half bridge circuit including a first switch tube and a second switch a tube, wherein the first end of the first switch tube is connected to the charging interface, and the second end of the first switch tube is connected to the first end of the first coil, the first switch tube The control end is connected to the control circuit; the first end of the second switch tube is connected to the second end of the first switch tube, and the second end of the second switch tube is connected to the ground, the second A control end of the switch tube is coupled to the control circuit; a second end of the first coil is coupled to ground.
  • the first circuit includes a full bridge circuit and a control circuit that controls the full bridge circuit, the full bridge
  • the circuit includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, and a fourth switch tube, wherein a first end of the first switch tube is connected to the charging interface, and a second end of the first switch tube The end is connected to the second end of the first coil, the control end of the first switch tube is connected to the control circuit; the first end of the second switch tube and the second end of the first switch tube Connected, the second end of the second switch tube is connected to the ground, the control end of the second switch tube is connected to the control circuit; the first end of the third switch tube is connected to the charging interface, a second end of the third switch tube is connected to the first end of the first coil, a control end of the third switch tube is connected to the control circuit; a first end of the fourth switch tube is a second end of the third switch tube is
  • the first circuit in another implementation of the first aspect, includes a switch tube, and a control circuit for controlling the one switch tube, the one a first end of the switch tube is connected to the charging interface, a second end of the one switch tube is connected to the first end of the first coil, and a control end of the one switch tube is connected to the control circuit; The second end of the first coil is connected to the ground.
  • the switching transistor in the first circuit is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFET.
  • the second circuit comprises a rectifier circuit and a filter circuit.
  • a mobile terminal comprising: a charging interface, a battery, and charging according to any one of the first aspect or the first aspect, disposed between the charging interface and the battery Circuit.
  • the charging interface is a USB interface.
  • the battery is a lithium battery.
  • the mobile terminal supports two charging modes: normal charging and fast charging, wherein charging in the fast charging mode The current is greater than the charging current of the normal charging mode.
  • the DC path of the charging line is separated by the magnetic coupling element, that is, there is no DC path on the charging circuit, then, when the first circuit fails, the DC output of the charging interface is not directly output. To the second circuit and the battery, the reliability of the charging circuit is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a charging circuit of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a charging circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charging circuit 30 of FIG. 2 is disposed between the charging interface 10 of the mobile terminal and the battery 20, and the charging circuit 30 includes: a first circuit 31 serially connected in series between the charging interface 10 and the battery 20, and magnetic coupling Element 33 and second circuit 32, wherein
  • the first circuit 31 receives a first current from the charging interface 10 and converts the first current into a second current that varies in magnitude and/or direction;
  • the magnetic coupling element 33 includes a first coil 331 and a second coil 332, wherein the first coil 331 is connected to the first circuit 31, and the second coil 332 is connected to the second circuit 32.
  • the first coil 331 and the second coil 332 are spaced apart from each other to open a DC path of the charging circuit 30, and the magnetic coupling element 33 utilizes a second current of the magnitude and/or direction to induce electromagnetic induction.
  • Means transferring energy from the first coil 331 to the second coil 332 to form a third current (ie, forming a third current in the second coil 332 and outputting the third current to the second circuit 32);
  • the second circuit 32 is configured to adjust an alternating current of the first circuit 31 coupled to the second circuit 32 through the magnetic coupling element 33 to a direct current suitable for charging the battery 20.
  • the DC path of the charging line is separated by the magnetic coupling element, that is, there is no DC path on the charging circuit, then, when the first circuit fails, the DC output of the charging interface is not directly output. To the second circuit and the battery, the reliability of the charging circuit is improved.
  • the first circuit 31 includes a half bridge circuit 312 and a control circuit 311 for controlling the half bridge circuit.
  • the half bridge circuit 311 includes a first switch tube T1 and a first The second switch tube T2, wherein the first end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to the charging port 10, and the second end of the first switch tube T2 is connected to the first end of the first coil 331.
  • the control end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to the control circuit 311; the first end of the second switch tube T2 is connected to the second end of the first switch tube T1, and the second switch tube T2 The second end is connected to the ground, and the control end of the second switch T2 is connected to the control circuit 311; The second end of the first coil 331 is connected to the ground. Further, both ends of the second coil 332 may be connected to the second circuit 32 and the ground, respectively. Additionally, the second circuit 32 can be grounded.
  • a switch tube (such as a MOS tube) is disposed inside the first circuit, and the switch tube is prone to breakdown.
  • the switch tube breaks down, the first circuit cannot convert the direct current into an alternating current through the switch tube, resulting in The direct current input from the charging interface is directly applied to a subsequent device or battery of the charging circuit.
  • a magnetic coupling element is disposed between the first circuit and the second circuit, and the magnetic coupling element disconnects the DC path of the charging circuit. open. That is to say, even if the switching tube in the first circuit is broken down or fails, the direct current input from the charging interface cannot flow to the second circuit or the battery, thereby improving the safety of the charging circuit of the mobile terminal.
  • the magnetic coupling element since the magnetic coupling element has good isolation performance, the on-resistance of the switching tube in the first circuit can be made very low (there is no need to increase the on-resistance of the MOS tube to increase the withstand voltage as in the prior art) Thereby increasing the reliability of the circuit), which reduces heat generation and loss, and improves the energy transfer efficiency of the entire charging circuit.
  • the first circuit includes a full bridge circuit 313 and a control circuit 311 for controlling the full bridge circuit
  • the full bridge circuit 313 includes a first switch tube T1 and a second switch tube T2.
  • a third switch tube T3 and a fourth switch tube T4 wherein the first end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to the charging interface 10, and the second end of the first switch tube T1 is opposite to the first coil
  • the second end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to the control circuit 311; the first end of the second switch tube T2 is connected to the second end of the first switch tube T1.
  • the second end of the second switch tube T2 is connected to the ground, the control end of the second switch tube T2 is connected to the control circuit 311; the first end of the third switch tube T3 is connected to the charging interface 10 Connected, the second end of the third switch tube T3 is connected to the first end of the first coil 331, the control end of the third switch tube T3 is connected to the control circuit 311; the fourth switch tube The first end of the T4 is connected to the second end of the third switch T3, and the second end of the fourth switch T4 is grounded Control terminal of the fourth switching transistor T4 is connected to the control circuit 311.
  • both ends of the second coil 332 may be connected to the second circuit 32, and the second circuit may be connected to the ground.
  • a switch tube (such as a MOS tube) is disposed inside the first circuit, and the switch tube is prone to breakdown.
  • the first circuit cannot convert the direct current into an alternating current through the switch tube, resulting in The direct current input from the charging interface is directly applied to a subsequent device or battery of the charging circuit.
  • a magnetic coupling element is disposed between the first circuit and the second circuit, and the magnetic coupling element disconnects the DC path of the charging circuit. open. That is, even in the first circuit When the switch tube is broken down or fails, the DC input from the charging interface cannot flow to the second circuit or the battery, thereby improving the safety of the charging circuit of the mobile terminal.
  • the magnetic coupling element since the magnetic coupling element has good isolation performance, the on-resistance of the switching tube in the first circuit can be made very low (there is no need to increase the on-resistance of the MOS tube to increase the withstand voltage as in the prior art) Thereby increasing the reliability of the circuit), which reduces heat generation and loss, and improves the energy transfer efficiency of the entire charging circuit.
  • the first circuit 31 includes a switch tube, and a control circuit for controlling the one switch tube.
  • the first end of the switch tube is connected to the charging interface 10,
  • a second end of a switch tube is connected to the first end of the first coil 311, and a control end of the switch tube is connected to the control circuit; a second end of the first coil is connected to the ground.
  • the embodiment of the invention improves the reliability of the charging circuit on the premise that the prior art is less modified.
  • the switch tube in the first circuit is a plurality of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFETs.
  • the second circuit comprises a rectifier circuit and a filter circuit.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile terminal 50 of FIG. 5 includes a charging interface 51, a battery 52, and a charging circuit 53, wherein the charging circuit 53 can be any implementation using the charging circuit 30 described above.
  • the DC path of the charging line is separated by the magnetic coupling element, that is, there is no DC path on the charging circuit, then, when the first circuit fails, the DC output of the charging interface is not directly output. To the second circuit and the battery, the reliability of the charging circuit is improved.
  • the charging interface 51 is a USB interface.
  • the battery 20 is a lithium battery.
  • the mobile terminal 50 supports a normal charging mode and a fast charging mode, wherein the charging current of the fast charging mode is greater than the charging current of the normal charging mode.
  • the mobile terminal using the embodiment of the present invention can well solve the problem that the line is unreliable due to MOS breakdown during fast charging. .
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including
  • the instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

一种充电电路（30）和移动终端，充电电路（30）设置在移动终端的充电接口（10）和电池（20）之间，充电电路（30）包括：在充电接口（10）和电池（20）之间依次串联的第一电路（31）、磁性耦合元件（33）和第二电路（32），磁性耦合元件（33）断开了充电电路（30）的直流通路。通过磁性耦合元件（33）将充电线路的直流通路隔开，也就是说，充电电路（30）上不存在直流通路，那么，在第一电路（31）失效时，充电接口（10）输出的直流电就不会直接输出至第二电路（32）和电池（20）上，提高了充电电路（30）的可靠性。

Description

充电电路和移动终端 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及移动终端领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种充电电路和移动终端
背景技术
移动终端的使用越来越普及，移动终端的充电问题成为移动终端提供商重点关注的问题。
图1示出了现有的移动终端所使用的充电电路的电路图。该电路图称为BUCK电路，主要包括：MOS管，控制电路，二极管，电感和电池。充电时，控制电路控制MOS管的导通与关断，产生变化的方波电流，该方波电流从MOS管流到电感，经电感稳压后流到电池。
现有技术存在的主要问题，或者说风险在于，MOS管可能会被击穿，造成电流直接通过电感，电流电压检查电路及电池，这样会造成电池超过极限电压，导致灾难性的后果。
造成MOS管损坏的原因可以是：
1、MOS管误导通，施加在MOS管两端的电压超过了MOS管的最大可承受电压、静电击穿或浪涌；
2、MOS管品质不良，或整机制造工艺问题；
3、其他缺陷等。
正因为MOS存在较多问题，也为了避免上述问题，提高MOS管的可靠性，现有的解决方案是：增加MOS管的导通电阻(RDSON)的阻值，以提高MOS管的耐压性，但导通电阻很高会导致充电电路容易发热，能量传输效率低等问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种充电电路和移动终端，以提高移动终端内的充电电路的可靠性。
第一方面，提供一种充电电路，所述充电电路设置在移动终端的充电接口和电池之间，所述充电电路包括：在所述充电接口和所述电池之间依次串 联的第一电路、磁性耦合元件和第二电路，其中，所述第一电路从所述充电接口接收第一电流，并将所述第一电流转换成为大小和/或方向变化的第二电流；所述磁性耦合元件包括第一线圈和第二线圈，其中，所述第一线圈与所述第一电路相连，所述第二线圈与所述第二电路相连，所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈相互间隔，以断开所述充电电路的直流通路，所述磁性耦合元件利用所述大小和/或方向变化的第二电流，以电磁感应的方式将能量从所述第一线圈传递至所述第二线圈，形成第三电流；所述第二电路，用于将所述第三电流调整成适于为所述电池充电的第四流电，为所述电池充电。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的一种实现方式中，所述第一电路包括半桥电路以及控制所述半桥电路的控制电路，所述半桥电路包括第一开关管和第二开关管，其中，所述第一开关管的第一端与所述充电接口相连，所述第一开关管的第二端与所述第一线圈的第一端相连，所述第一开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；所述第二开关管的第一端与所述第一开关管的第二端相连，所述第二开关管的第二端与地相连，所述第二开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；所述第一线圈的第二端与地相连。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述第一电路包括全桥电路以及控制所述全桥电路的控制电路，所述全桥电路包括第一开关管、第二开关管、第三开关管和第四开关管，其中，所述第一开关管的第一端与所述充电接口相连，所述第一开关管的第二端与所述第一线圈的第二端相连，所述第一开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；所述第二开关管的第一端与所述第一开关管的第二端相连，所述第二开关管的第二端与地相连，所述第二开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；所述第三开关管的第一端与所述充电接口相连，所述第三开关管的第二端与所述第一线圈的第一端相连，所述第三开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；所述第四开关管的第一端与所述第三开关管的第二端相连，所述第四开关管的第二端与地相连，所述第四开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述第一电路包括一个开关管，以及控制所述一个开关管的控制电路，所述一个开关管的第一端与所述充电接口相连，所述一个开关管的第二端与所述第一线圈的第一端相连，所述一个开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；所述第一线圈的第二端与地相连。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述第一电路中的开关管为金属氧化层半导体场效应晶体管MOSFET。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述第二电路包括整流电路和滤波电路。
第二方面，提供一种移动终端，包括：充电接口，电池，以及设置在所述充电接口和所述电池之间的如第一方面或第一方面的实施方式中任一种所述的充电电路。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的一种实现方式中，所述充电接口为USB接口。
结合第二方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第二方面的另一种实现方式中，所述电池为锂电池。
结合第二方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第二方面的另一种实现方式中，所述移动终端支持普通充电和快速充电两种充电模式，其中，所述快速充电模式的充电电流大于所述普通充电模式的充电电流。
本发明实施例中，通过磁性耦合元件将充电线路的直流通路隔开，也就是说，充电电路上不存在直流通路，那么，在第一电路失效时，充电接口输出的直流电就不会直接输出至第二电路和电池上，提高了充电电路的可靠性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是现有技术中的充电电路的电路图。
图2是本发明实施例的充电电路的示意性框图。
图3是本发明实施例的充电电路的电路图。
图4是本发明实施例的充电电路的电路图。
图5是本发明实施例的移动终端的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
图2是本发明实施例的一种充电电路的示意性框图。图2的充电电路30设置在移动终端的充电接口10和电池20之间，所述充电电路30包括：在所述充电接口10和所述电池20之间依次串联的第一电路31、磁性耦合元件33和第二电路32，其中，
所述第一电路31从所述充电接口10接收第一电流，并将所述第一电流转换成为大小和/或方向变化的第二电流；
所述磁性耦合元件33包括第一线圈331和第二线圈332，其中，所述第一线圈331与所述第一电路31相连，所述第二线圈332与所述第二电路32相连，所述第一线圈331和所述第二线圈332相互间隔，以断开所述充电电路30的直流通路，所述磁性耦合元件33利用所述大小和/或方向变化的第二电流，以电磁感应的方式将能量从所述第一线圈331传递至所述第二线圈332，形成第三电流(即在第二线圈332形成第三电流，并将第三电流输出至第二电路32)；
所述第二电路32，用于将所述第一电路31通过所述磁性耦合元件33耦合至第二电路32的交流电调整成适于为所述电池20充电的直流电。
本发明实施例中，通过磁性耦合元件将充电线路的直流通路隔开，也就是说，充电电路上不存在直流通路，那么，在第一电路失效时，充电接口输出的直流电就不会直接输出至第二电路和电池上，提高了充电电路的可靠性。
可选地，作为一个实施例，参见图3，所述第一电路31包括半桥电路312以及控制所述半桥电路的控制电路311，所述半桥电路311包括第一开关管T1和第二开关管T2，其中，所述第一开关管T1的第一端与所述充电接口10相连，所述第一开关管T2的第二端与所述第一线圈331的第一端相连，所述第一开关管T1的控制端与所述控制电路311相连；所述第二开关管T2的第一端与所述第一开关管T1的第二端相连，所述第二开关管T2的第二端与地相连，所述第二开关管T2的控制端与所述控制电路311相连； 所述第一线圈331的第二端与地相连。此外，第二线圈332的两端可分别与所述第二电路32和地相连。此外，所述第二电路32可接地。
本发明实施例中，第一电路内部设置有开关管(如MOS管)，开关管容易发生击穿，当开关管发生击穿时，第一电路就无法通过开关管将直流转换成交流，导致充电接口输入的直流电直接施加到充电电路的后续器件或电池上，但是，本发明实施例在第一电路和第二电路之间设置了磁性耦合元件，该磁性耦合元件将充电电路的直流通路断开。也就是说，即使第一电路中的开关管被击穿或失效，充电接口输入的直流电也无法流到第二电路或电池处，从而提高了移动终端充电电路的安全性。
此外，由于磁性耦合元件具有很好的隔离性能，第一电路中的开关管的导通电阻就可以做的很低(无需像现有技术那样通过增加导通电阻来增加MOS管耐压性，从而增加电路的可靠性)，这样会减少发热和损耗，提高整个充电电路的能量传递效率。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述第一电路包括全桥电路313以及控制所述全桥电路的控制电路311，所述全桥电路313包括第一开关管T1、第二开关管T2、第三开关管T3和第四开关管T4，其中，所述第一开关管T1的第一端与所述充电接口10相连，所述第一开关管T1的第二端与所述第一线圈331的第二端相连，所述第一开关管T1的控制端与所述控制电路311相连；所述第二开关管T2的第一端与所述第一开关管T1的第二端相连，所述第二开关管T2的第二端与地相连，所述第二开关管T2的控制端与所述控制电路311相连；所述第三开关管T3的第一端与所述充电接口10相连，所述第三开关管T3的第二端与所述第一线圈331的第一端相连，所述第三开关管T3的控制端与所述控制电路311相连；所述第四开关管T4的第一端与所述第三开关管T3的第二端相连，所述第四开关管T4的第二端与地相连，所述第四开关管T4的控制端与所述控制电路311相连。此外，所述第二线圈332的两端可均与所述第二电路32相连，所述第二电路可与地相连。
本发明实施例中，第一电路内部设置有开关管(如MOS管)，开关管容易发生击穿，当开关管发生击穿时，第一电路就无法通过开关管将直流转换成交流，导致充电接口输入的直流电直接施加到充电电路的后续器件或电池上，但是，本发明实施例在第一电路和第二电路之间设置了磁性耦合元件，该磁性耦合元件将充电电路的直流通路断开。也就是说，即使第一电路中的 开关管被击穿或失效，充电接口输入的直流电也无法流到第二电路或电池处，从而提高了移动终端充电电路的安全性。
此外，由于磁性耦合元件具有很好的隔离性能，第一电路中的开关管的导通电阻就可以做的很低(无需像现有技术那样通过增加导通电阻来增加MOS管耐压性，从而增加电路的可靠性)，这样会减少发热和损耗，提高整个充电电路的能量传递效率。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述第一电路31包括一个开关管，以及控制所述一个开关管的控制电路，所述一个开关管的第一端与所述充电接口10相连，所述一个开关管的第二端与所述第一线圈311的第一端相连，所述一个开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；所述第一线圈的第二端与地相连。
本发明实施例在对现有技术改动较小的前提下，提高了充电电路的可靠性。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述第一电路中的开关管为多个金属氧化层半导体场效应晶体管MOSFET。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述第二电路包括整流电路和滤波电路。
图5是本发明实施例的移动终端的示意性框图。图5的移动终端50包括充电接口51、电池52、以及充电电路53，其中，所述充电电路53可以是采用上述充电电路30的任意一种实现方式。
本发明实施例中，通过磁性耦合元件将充电线路的直流通路隔开，也就是说，充电电路上不存在直流通路，那么，在第一电路失效时，充电接口输出的直流电就不会直接输出至第二电路和电池上，提高了充电电路的可靠性。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述充电接口51为USB接口。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述电池20为锂电池。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述移动终端50支持普通充电模式和快速充电模式，其中，所述快速充电模式的充电电流大于所述普通充电模式的充电电流。
应理解，MOS管被击穿的现象在支持快速充电的移动终端中尤为严重，因此，采用本发明实施例的移动终端可以很好的解决快速充电时的MOS击穿导致的线路不可靠的问题。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各 示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限 于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电电路设置在移动终端的充电接口和电池之间，所述充电电路包括：在所述充电接口和所述电池之间依次串联的第一电路、磁性耦合元件和第二电路，其中，
    所述第一电路从所述充电接口接收第一电流，并将所述第一电流转换成为大小和/或方向变化的第二电流；
    所述磁性耦合元件包括第一线圈和第二线圈，其中，所述第一线圈与所述第一电路相连，所述第二线圈与所述第二电路相连，所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈相互间隔，以断开所述充电电路的直流通路，所述磁性耦合元件利用所述大小和/或方向变化的第二电流，以电磁感应的方式将能量从所述第一线圈传递至所述第二线圈，形成第三电流；
    所述第二电路，用于将所述第三电流调整成适于为所述电池充电的第四流电，为所述电池充电。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一电路包括半桥电路以及控制所述半桥电路的控制电路，所述半桥电路包括第一开关管和第二开关管，其中，
    所述第一开关管的第一端与所述充电接口相连，所述第一开关管的第二端与所述第一线圈的第一端相连，所述第一开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；
    所述第二开关管的第一端与所述第一开关管的第二端相连，所述第二开关管的第二端与地相连，所述第二开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；
    所述第一线圈的第二端与地相连。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一电路包括全桥电路以及控制所述全桥电路的控制电路，所述全桥电路包括第一开关管、第二开关管、第三开关管和第四开关管，其中，
    所述第一开关管的第一端与所述充电接口相连，所述第一开关管的第二端与所述第一线圈的第二端相连，所述第一开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；
    所述第二开关管的第一端与所述第一开关管的第二端相连，所述第二开关管的第二端与地相连，所述第二开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；
    所述第三开关管的第一端与所述充电接口相连，所述第三开关管的第二 端与所述第一线圈的第一端相连，所述第三开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；
    所述第四开关管的第一端与所述第三开关管的第二端相连，所述第四开关管的第二端与地相连，所述第四开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一电路包括一个开关管，以及控制所述一个开关管的控制电路，
    所述一个开关管的第一端与所述充电接口相连，所述一个开关管的第二端与所述第一线圈的第一端相连，所述一个开关管的控制端与所述控制电路相连；
    所述第一线圈的第二端与地相连。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一电路中的开关管为金属氧化层半导体场效应晶体管MOSFET。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第二电路包括整流电路和滤波电路。
  7. 一种移动终端，其特征在于，包括：充电接口，电池，以及设置在所述充电接口和所述电池之间的如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的充电电路。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述充电接口为USB接口。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述电池为锂电池。
  10. 如权利要求7-9中任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述移动终端支持普通充电和快速充电两种充电模式，其中，所述快速充电模式的充电电流大于所述普通充电模式的充电电流。
PCT/CN2015/080490 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 充电电路和移动终端 Ceased WO2016192007A1 (zh)

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BR112017006269-0A BR112017006269B1 (pt) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Circuito de carregamento, e terminal móvel
CN201810141979.2A CN108390428B (zh) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 充电电路和移动终端
CA2960419A CA2960419C (en) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Charging circuit and mobile terminal
SG11201701763YA SG11201701763YA (en) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Charging circuit and mobile terminal
KR1020177006323A KR101910303B1 (ko) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 충전 회로와 모바일 단말기
EP15893545.2A EP3142217A4 (en) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Charging circuit and mobile terminal
MX2017004068A MX367706B (es) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Circuito de carga y terminal movil.
JP2017513190A JP2017529043A (ja) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 充電回路及び移動端末
CN201580004523.6A CN106068593B (zh) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 充电电路和移动终端
PCT/CN2015/080490 WO2016192007A1 (zh) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 充电电路和移动终端
AU2015397725A AU2015397725B2 (en) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Charging circuit and mobile terminal
MYPI2017000630A MY188130A (en) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Charging circuit and mobile terminal
TW105117066A TWI646752B (zh) 2015-06-01 2016-05-31 充電電路和移動終端
US15/371,451 US10938228B2 (en) 2015-06-01 2016-12-07 Charging circuit and mobile terminal
PH12017500896A PH12017500896B1 (en) 2015-06-01 2017-05-15 Charging circuit and mobile terminal
US15/990,266 US10819121B2 (en) 2015-06-01 2018-05-25 Charging circuit and mobile terminal
US17/135,554 US20210119463A1 (en) 2015-06-01 2020-12-28 Charging Circuit and Mobile Terminal

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