WO2016192581A1 - 永磁电机转子及永磁同步电机 - Google Patents

永磁电机转子及永磁同步电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016192581A1
WO2016192581A1 PCT/CN2016/083586 CN2016083586W WO2016192581A1 WO 2016192581 A1 WO2016192581 A1 WO 2016192581A1 CN 2016083586 W CN2016083586 W CN 2016083586W WO 2016192581 A1 WO2016192581 A1 WO 2016192581A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
main pole
permanent magnets
auxiliary
pole permanent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/CN2016/083586
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖勇
胡余生
陈彬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co Ltd of Zhuhai
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Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co Ltd of Zhuhai
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co Ltd of Zhuhai filed Critical Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co Ltd of Zhuhai
Priority to EP16802504.7A priority Critical patent/EP3306785B1/en
Priority to KR1020177037825A priority patent/KR101981292B1/ko
Publication of WO2016192581A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016192581A1/zh
Priority to US15/821,450 priority patent/US20180097412A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H02K1/2773—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect consisting of tangentially magnetized radial magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electrical equipment, and more particularly to a tangential permanent magnet motor rotor, and a permanent magnet synchronous motor including the above permanent magnet motor rotor.
  • the motor with the permanent magnet tangential magnetization structure has a "concentrating magnetic" effect, which can produce a higher air gap magnetic density than the permanent magnet radial magnetizing motor, so that the motor containing the permanent magnet tangential magnetization structure has a larger turn.
  • Moments/current ratios and torque/volume ratios, and thus motors containing permanent magnet tangential magnetization structures, are increasingly being used in servo systems, electric traction, office automation, household appliances, and the like.
  • the tangential permanent magnet motor provides air gap magnetic flux for both sides of a single permanent magnet, and the magnetic circuit is a parallel structure, so that the working point of the permanent magnet of the rotor is lower than that of the radial permanent magnet motor, which is easy to cause cutting.
  • the efficiency to the permanent magnet motor is degraded, and the risk of demagnetization of the tangential permanent magnet motor in a harsh environment makes the tangential permanent magnet motor inoperable.
  • a permanent magnet motor rotor, and a permanent magnet synchronous motor including the above permanent magnet motor rotor are necessary to aim at the problem that the main pole permanent magnet of the existing tangential permanent magnet motor has a low working point and is prone to the risk of demagnetization, and provides a working point capable of improving the main pole permanent magnet and improving the anti-demagnetization capability.
  • a permanent magnet motor rotor comprising:
  • main pole permanent magnet being disposed along a radial direction of the rotor core, the number of the main pole permanent magnets being equal to the number of poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the plurality of main bodies
  • the pole permanent magnets are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the closest surface poles of any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets are the same;
  • the auxiliary permanent magnet is located on a symmetrical centerline between any two adjacent of the main pole permanent magnets.
  • the auxiliary permanent magnet is offset from a symmetrical center line between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets, and the auxiliary permanent magnet is different from the main pole of the adjacent magnetic pole.
  • the direction in which the permanent magnet is located is offset.
  • the coercive force of the auxiliary permanent magnet is less than the coercive force of the main pole permanent magnet.
  • a width of the auxiliary permanent magnet in a circumferential direction of the rotor core is smaller than a width of the main pole permanent magnet in a circumferential direction of the rotor core.
  • the length of the auxiliary permanent magnet in the radial direction of the rotor core is smaller than the length of the main pole permanent magnet in the radial direction of the rotor core.
  • the number of the main pole permanent magnets is four or more.
  • any adjacent one of the main pole permanent magnets is placed in parallel with the auxiliary permanent magnet, and the main pole permanent magnets are in contact with a surface of the auxiliary permanent magnet having a different magnetic pole.
  • any adjacent one of the main pole permanent magnets is integral with the auxiliary permanent magnet.
  • a permanent magnet synchronous machine comprising a stator and a rotor, the stator being located outside the rotor, the rotor being a permanent magnet motor rotor according to any of the above technical features.
  • the permanent magnet motor rotor and the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the invention have simple and reasonable structural design, and an auxiliary permanent magnet is installed between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets, and a part of the magnetic lines of the main pole permanent magnet can be connected in series with the auxiliary permanent magnet. Then enter the air gap, which can significantly improve the working point of the main pole permanent magnet and improve the torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. At the same time, due to the improvement of the working point of the main pole permanent magnet, the anti-demagnetization capability of the main pole permanent magnet is improved, and the risk of demagnetization is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a permanent magnet motor rotor in the permanent magnet synchronous motor shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the permanent magnet motor rotor of FIG. 2 rotated clockwise;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the permanent magnet motor rotor shown in FIG. 2 when rotated counterclockwise;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view showing a main pole permanent magnet of the permanent magnet motor rotor shown in FIG. 2 placed together with an auxiliary permanent magnet;
  • 110- permanent magnet motor rotor 111-rotor core; 112-main pole permanent magnet; 113-auxiliary permanent magnet;
  • a permanent magnet motor rotor 110 includes a rotor core 111, a tangentially magnetized main pole permanent magnet 112, and a tangentially magnetized auxiliary permanent magnet 113.
  • the rotor core 111 is provided with an even number of placement grooves, and an even number of placement grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 111, and each of the placement grooves is disposed along the radial direction of the rotor core 111.
  • the number of the placement slots is equal to the number of poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor
  • the number of the main pole permanent magnets 112 is equal to the number of the placement slots, that is, the number of poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 is an even number
  • the number of the main pole permanent magnets 112 is also The even number of even-numbered main pole permanent magnets 112 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 111.
  • the main pole permanent magnets 112 are respectively mounted in the placement slots, and the closest surface poles of any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112 are the same.
  • a main pole permanent magnet 112 is installed in each of the placement slots, so that both surfaces of the main pole permanent magnet 112 can simultaneously provide air gap magnetic flux, increase the air gap magnetic flux of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100, and improve the utilization of the air gap flux. .
  • the closest surface magnetic poles of any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112 are the same, that is, the N pole of one of the main pole permanent magnets 112 is opposite to the N pole of another adjacent main pole permanent magnet 112, the main The S pole of the pole permanent magnet 112 opposes the S pole of a further adjacent pole permanent magnet 112, ensuring that the number of poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 is equal to the number of main pole permanent magnets 112.
  • the main pole permanent magnets 112 By mounting the even number of main pole permanent magnets 112 in the uniformly distributed placement grooves, it is possible to ensure that the main pole permanent magnets 112 maintain a force balance under the repulsive force, so that the number of poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 is equal to that of the main pole permanent magnets 112. Quantity.
  • the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is located between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112, and the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is disposed along the radial direction of the rotor core 111.
  • the number of auxiliary permanent magnets 113 is equal to the number of main pole permanent magnets 112, and at the same time, one auxiliary permanent magnet 113 exists between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112.
  • Both the main pole permanent magnet 112 and the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 are tangentially magnetized, so that the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 can generate a higher air gap flux, thereby ensuring a larger torque/current ratio of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100. Torque/volume ratio.
  • the main pole permanent magnet 112 and the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 are placed in the radial direction of the rotor core 111, and the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 that tangentially magnetizes is disposed on any adjacent main pole permanent magnet 112. Between the magnetic flux lines of the main pole permanent magnet 112 and the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 and then enter the air gap, the operating point of the main pole permanent magnet 112 can be significantly increased, so that the permanent magnet motor rotor 110 generates more on the stator 120 side.
  • the flux linkage improves the utilization of the air gap flux, increases the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100, and improves the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100.
  • the existing tangential permanent magnet motor provides air gap magnetic flux at the same time because the two faces of the single permanent magnet are provided, and the magnetic circuit is a parallel structure, so that the working point of the permanent magnet of the rotor is lower than the working point of the radial permanent magnet motor, which is easy to cause
  • the efficiency of the tangential permanent magnet motor is degraded and there is a risk of demagnetization, making the tangential permanent magnet motor inoperable.
  • the permanent magnet motor rotor 110 of the present invention mounts the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112 such that a part of the magnetic lines of the main pole permanent magnet 112 are connected in series with the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 and then enter the air gap.
  • the operating point of the main pole permanent magnet 112 can be significantly increased, and the torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 can be increased. At the same time, due to the improvement of the working point of the main pole permanent magnet 112, the anti-demagnetization capability of the main pole permanent magnet 112 is improved, and the risk of demagnetization of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 under severe working conditions is reduced.
  • the number of main pole permanent magnets 112 is four or more. By setting the number of main pole permanent magnets 112 to four or more, it is possible to better make the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 have a magnetizing effect and achieve higher torque output.
  • the number of main pole permanent magnets 112 is six, and the six main pole permanent magnets 112 are opposed to the N poles according to the N poles, and the S poles are opposite to the S poles.
  • the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is located between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112, and the N pole and the S pole of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 respectively correspond to the N pole or the S pole of any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112.
  • the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is located on a symmetrical centerline between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112.
  • the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is different from the main permanent magnet 112. If the main pole permanent magnet 112 is increased, the number of poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 is increased, and the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is also a tangentially magnetized permanent magnet, but the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is added. It does not affect the number of poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100, and only helps the efficiency and demagnetization of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100. When the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is located on a symmetrical center line between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112, the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 and the anti-demagnetization effect are relatively obvious.
  • auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is offset from the symmetrical center line between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112, and the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is biased toward the direction in which the adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112 are located. shift. It has been found that the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet motor rotor 110 are always concentrated on the opposite surface of the surface of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 and the main pole of the main pole permanent magnet 112, that is, the area on the front side of the main pole permanent magnet 112 shown in FIG. 3 is the magnetic field line.
  • the magnetic field lines are relatively small in the surface where the auxiliary permanent magnets 113 are different from the magnetic poles of the main pole permanent magnets 112, that is, the region on the rear side of the main pole permanent magnets 112 is a region Q of less magnetic lines.
  • the area of the magnetic field line P can be increased, so that the permanent magnet motor rotor 110 can generate more air gap magnetic flux, increase the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 at a unit current, and set the magnetic field line to a larger area.
  • the front side of the direction in which the magneto rotor 110 rotates can produce a better effect.
  • the coercive force of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is smaller than the coercive force of the main pole permanent magnet 112. It has been found that the working point of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is always higher than the operating point of the main pole permanent magnet 112, which makes the anti-demagnetization capability of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 and the main pole permanent magnet 112 inconsistent, reducing the resistance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100. Demagnetization ability.
  • the coercive force of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 being smaller than the coercive force of the main pole permanent magnet 112, the operating point of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 can be made close to the operating point of the main pole permanent magnet 112 to improve the overall permanent magnet synchronous motor 100. Anti-demagnetization ability.
  • the width M of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 111 is smaller than the width L of the main pole permanent magnet 112 in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 111 such that the operating point and the main pole of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 The working points of the permanent magnets 112 are close to each other to enhance the anti-demagnetization capability of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 as a whole.
  • the length B of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 in the radial direction of the rotor core 111 is smaller than the length G of the main pole permanent magnet 112 in the radial direction of the rotor core 111.
  • a portion of the main pole permanent magnet 112 has a series of flux linkages in series with the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 and enters the air gap, and another portion of the flux linkage is adjacent from the front side in the rotational direction of the main pole permanent magnet 112.
  • the end of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 enters the air gap, and the length B of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 in the radial direction of the rotor core 111 can be made smaller than the length G of the main pole permanent magnet 112 in the radial direction of the rotor core 111.
  • the magnetic flux of part of the other part of the flux linkage does not fall due to saturation of the magnetic circuit.
  • any adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112 are placed in parallel with the auxiliary permanent magnets 113, and the main pole permanent magnets 112 are in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary permanent magnets 113 having different magnetic poles, and the main pole permanent magnets 112 are matched.
  • the same magnetic pole as the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 is used to enlarge the area of the magnetic flux line region, and the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 is improved.
  • the rotational direction of the permanent magnet motor rotor 110 is rotated from the side of the main pole permanent magnet 112 placed together toward the side of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113, that is, the rotational direction of the permanent magnet motor rotor 110 is from the rear side of the main pole permanent magnet 112.
  • the front side of the main pole permanent magnet 112 is rotated.
  • the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 3 is the rotation direction of the rotor core 111
  • the magnetic poles on the front side and the rear side of the main pole permanent magnet 112 are the N pole and the S pole, respectively.
  • the magnetic poles of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113 on the front side of the main pole permanent magnet 112 are an S pole and an N pole, respectively.
  • the N pole of the main pole permanent magnet 112 is in contact with the S pole of the auxiliary permanent magnet 113, and the magnetic poles on the front side and the rear side of the permanent magnet group at the a position are N pole and S pole, respectively.
  • any adjacent auxiliary permanent magnet 113 and the main pole permanent magnet 112 may be placed together, and the utility model may also be assisted in order to simplify the production process.
  • the permanent magnet 113 is integrated with the main pole permanent magnet 112.
  • a permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 includes a stator and a rotor, and the rotor is a permanent magnet motor rotor 110 in any of the above embodiments. At least a permanent magnet motor rotor 110 having a main pole permanent magnet 112 and an auxiliary permanent magnet 113 and a stator 120 outside the permanent magnet motor rotor 110 are included.
  • the stator 120 includes a stator core 121 and a stator winding 122, and the stator winding 122 is mounted on the stator core 121.
  • auxiliary permanent magnet 113 between any two adjacent main pole permanent magnets 112 of the permanent magnet motor rotor 110 can significantly increase the operating point of the main pole permanent magnet 112, so that the permanent magnet motor rotor 110 produces more on the stator 120 side.
  • the plurality of flux linkages improve the utilization of the air gap flux, increase the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100, and improve the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100.
  • the anti-demagnetization capability of the main pole permanent magnet 112 is improved, and the risk of demagnetization of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 100 under severe working conditions is reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

一种永磁电机转子（110）及永磁同步电机（100）。该永磁电机转子（110）包括：转子铁芯（111）；切向磁化的主极永磁体（112），所述主极永磁体（112）沿所述转子铁芯（111）的径向方向设置，所述主极永磁体（112）的数量与永磁同步电机（100）的极数相等，所述主极永磁体（112）沿所述转子铁芯（111）的周向方向均匀分布，且任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体（112）最接近的表面磁极相同；以及切向磁化的辅助永磁体（113），所述辅助永磁体（113）沿所述转子铁芯（111）的径向方向设置，且所述辅助永磁体（113）位于任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体（112）之间，以达到提高主极永磁体（112）的工作点，进而使得主极永磁体（112）的抗退磁能力得到了提高，减小退磁的风险的目的。

Description

永磁电机转子及永磁同步电机
相关申请
本发明申请要求2015年05月29日申请的，申请号为201510287956.9，名称为“永磁电机转子及永磁同步电机”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及电机设备领域，特别是涉及一种切向式的永磁电机转子，以及含有上述永磁电机转子的永磁同步电机。
背景技术
含有永磁体切向磁化结构的电机由于具有“聚磁”效果，较永磁体径向磁化电机，能够产生更高的气隙磁密，使得含有永磁体切向磁化结构的电机具有较大的转矩/电流比和转矩/体积比，进而含有永磁体切向磁化结构的电机越来越多地被应用于伺服系统、电力牵引、办公自动化、家用电器等场合。
目前，切向永磁电机由于是单个永磁体的两个面同时提供气隙磁通，磁路为并联结构，使得转子永磁体的工作点较径向永磁电机的工作点低，容易引起切向永磁电机的效率下降，并且在恶劣环境下切向永磁电机存在退磁的风险，使得切向永磁电机无法运转。
发明内容
基于此，有必要针对现有的切向永磁电机中主极永磁体的工作点较低，易存在退磁风险的问题，提供一种能够提高主极永磁体的工作点、提升抗退磁能力的永磁电机转子，以及含有上述永磁电机转子的永磁同步电机。
上述目的通过下述技术方案实现：
一种永磁电机转子，包括：
转子铁芯；
切向磁化的主极永磁体，所述主极永磁体沿所述转子铁芯的径向方向设置，所述主极永磁体的数量与永磁同步电机的极数相等，多个所述主极永磁体沿所述转子铁芯的周向方向均匀分布，且任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体最接近的表面磁极相同；以及
切向磁化的辅助永磁体，所述辅助永磁体沿所述转子铁芯的径向方向设置，且所述辅助永磁体位于任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体之间。
在其中一个实施例中，所述辅助永磁体位于任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体之间的对称中心线上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述辅助永磁体偏离任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体之间的对称中心线，且所述辅助永磁体向相邻的磁极相异的所述主极永磁体所在的方向偏移。
在其中一个实施例中，所述辅助永磁体的矫顽力小于所述主极永磁体的矫顽力。
在其中一个实施例中，所述辅助永磁体沿所述转子铁芯周向方向上的宽度小于所述主极永磁体沿所述转子铁芯周向方向上的宽度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述辅助永磁体沿所述转子铁芯径向方向上的长度小于所述主极永磁体沿所述转子铁芯径向方向上的长度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述主极永磁体的数量大于等于四个。
在其中一个实施例中，任意相邻的所述主极永磁体与所述辅助永磁体平行放置，且所述主极永磁体与所述辅助永磁体的磁极相异的表面相贴合。
在其中一个实施例中，任意相邻的所述主极永磁体与所述辅助永磁体为一体。
还涉及一种永磁同步电机，包括定子和转子，所述定子位于所述转子的外侧，所述转子为上述任一技术特征所述的永磁电机转子。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明的永磁电机转子及永磁同步电机，结构设计简单合理，在任意相邻的两个主极永磁体之间安装辅助永磁体，可以将主极永磁体的一部分磁力线与辅助永磁体串联后再进入气隙，这样能够显著提高主极永磁体的工作点，提高永磁同步电机的转矩。同时，由于主极永磁体的工作点的提高，使得主极永磁体的抗退磁能力得到了提高，减小退磁的风险。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例的永磁同步电机的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的永磁同步电机中永磁电机转子结构示意图；
图3为图2所述的永磁电机转子顺时针转动时的结构示意图；
图4为图2所示的永磁电机转子逆时针转动时的结构示意图；
图5为图2所示的永磁电机转子的主极永磁体与辅助永磁体放置在一起的结构示意图；
其中：
100-永磁同步电机；
110-永磁电机转子；111-转子铁芯；112-主极永磁体；113-辅助永磁体；
120-定子；121-定子铁芯；122-定子绕组。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下通过实施例，并结合附图，对本发明的永磁电机转子及永磁同步电机进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
参见图1，本发明一实施例的永磁电机转子110，包括转子铁芯111、切向磁化的主极永磁体112和切向磁化的辅助永磁体113。转子铁芯111上设置有偶数个放置槽，偶数个放置槽沿转子铁芯111的周向方向均匀分布，且每个放置槽沿转子铁芯111的径向方向设置。放置槽的数量等于永磁同步电机的极数，同时，主极永磁体112的数量与放置槽的数量相等，即永磁同步电机100的极数为偶数级，主极永磁体112的数量也为偶数个，偶数个主极永磁体112沿转子铁芯111的周向方向均匀分布。主极永磁体112分别安装在放置槽中，且任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112最接近的表面磁极相同。每个放置槽中安装一个主极永磁体112，使得主极永磁体112的两个表面同时能够提供气隙磁通，增加永磁同步电机100的气隙磁通量，提高气隙磁通的利用率。
同时，任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112最接近的表面磁极相同，也就是其中一个主极永磁体112的N极与另一相邻的主极永磁体112的N极相对，该主极永磁体112的S极与再一相邻的主极永磁体112的S极相对，保证永磁同步电机100的极数等于主极永磁体112的数量。通过偶数个主极永磁体112安装在均匀分布的放置槽中，能够保证主极永磁体112在排斥力作用下保持受力平衡，使得永磁同步电机100的极数等于主极永磁体112的数量。
辅助永磁体113位于任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112之间，且辅助永磁体113沿转子铁芯111的径向方向设置。在本实施例中，辅助永磁体113的数量等于主极永磁体112的数量，同时，任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112之间存在一个辅助永磁体113。主极永磁体112与辅助永磁体113都为切向充磁，使得永磁同步电机100能够产生更高的气隙磁通，进而保证永磁同步电机100具有较大的转矩/电流比和转矩/体积比。主极永磁体112与辅助永磁体113沿转子铁芯111的径向放置，通过将切向磁化的辅助永磁体113布置在任意相邻的主极永磁体112 之间，主极永磁体112的一部分磁力线与辅助永磁体113串连后再进入气隙，可以显著提高主极永磁体112的工作点，使得永磁电机转子110在定子120侧产生更多的磁链，提高气隙磁通的利用率，提升永磁同步电机100的输出转矩，提高永磁同步电机100的效率。
现有的切向永磁电机由于是单个永磁体的两个面同时提供气隙磁通，磁路为并联结构，使得转子永磁体的工作点较径向永磁电机的工作点低，容易引起切向永磁电机的效率下降，并且存在退磁的风险，使得切向永磁电机无法运转。本发明的永磁电机转子110在任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112之间安装辅助永磁体113，使得主极永磁体112的一部分磁力线与辅助永磁体113串联后再进入气隙，这样能够显著提高主极永磁体112的工作点，提高永磁同步电机100的转矩。同时，由于主极永磁体112的工作点的提高，使得主极永磁体112的抗退磁能力得到了提高，减小了永磁同步电机100在恶劣工况下运行的退磁风险。
参见图2至图5，作为一种可实施方式，主极永磁体112的数量大于等于四个。将主极永磁体112的个数设置成四个以上，可以更好的使得永磁同步电机100具有聚磁效果，实现更高的转矩输出。在本实施例中，主极永磁体112的数量为六个，且六个主极永磁体112按照N极与N极相对，S极与S极相对设置。辅助永磁体113位于任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112之间，辅助永磁体113的N极和S极分别对应任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112的N极或者S极。
作为一种可实施方式，辅助永磁体113位于任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112之间的对称中心线上。辅助永磁体113与主极永磁体112不同，如果增加主极永磁体112会使得永磁同步电机100的极数增加，辅助永磁体113虽然也是切向磁化的永磁体，但增加辅助永磁体113不影响永磁同步电机100极数，只对永磁同步电机100的效率和退磁有帮助。辅助永磁体113位于任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112之间的对称中心线上时，永磁同步电机100的效率的提高和抗退磁效果比较明显。
进一步地，辅助永磁体113偏离任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体112之间的对称中心线，且辅助永磁体113朝相邻的磁极相异的主极永磁体112所在的方向偏移。研究发现永磁电机转子110的磁力线总是集中在辅助永磁体113与主极永磁体112的磁极相同的表面相对设置的区域，即图3所示的主极永磁体112前侧的区域为磁力线较多区域P，而在辅助永磁体113与主极永磁体112的磁极相异的表面相对设置区域磁力线较少，即主极永磁体112后侧的区域为磁力线较少区域Q。通过将辅助永磁体113从任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112的对称中心线上发生偏移，且朝向辅助永磁体113的磁极相异的表面相对设置的切向永磁体侧偏移， 可以增加磁力线较多区域P的面积，使得永磁电机转子110能够产生更多的气隙磁通，提高永磁同步电机100在单位电流下的输出转矩，并且将磁力线较多区域设置在永磁电机转子110旋转方向的前侧，这样可以产生更佳的效果。
作为一种可实施方式，辅助永磁体113的矫顽力小于主极永磁体112的矫顽力。研究发现，辅助永磁体113的工作点总是高于主极永磁体112的工作点，这使得辅助永磁体113与主极永磁体112的抗退磁能力不一致，降低了永磁同步电机100的抗退磁能力。通过辅助永磁体113的矫顽力小于主极永磁体112的矫顽力，可以使得辅助永磁体113的工作点与主极永磁体112的工作点相接近，以提升永磁同步电机100整体的抗退磁能力。当然，还可以通过辅助永磁体113沿转子铁芯111周向方向上的宽度M小于主极永磁体112沿转子铁芯111周向方向上的宽度L使得辅助永磁体113的工作点与主极永磁体112的工作点相接近，以提升永磁同步电机100整体的抗退磁能力。
作为一种可实施方式，辅助永磁体113沿转子铁芯111径向方向上的长度B小于主极永磁体112沿转子铁芯111径向方向上的长度G。在永磁同步电机100的运行过程中，主极永磁体112有一部分磁链与辅助永磁体113串联后进入气隙，另一部分磁链从位于主极永磁体112的旋转方向前侧的相邻辅助永磁体113的末端进入气隙，通过将辅助永磁体113沿转子铁芯111径向方向上的长度B小于主极永磁体112沿转子铁芯111径向方向上的长度G，可以使这部分另一部分磁链的磁通不会因为磁路饱和而下降。
作为一种可实施方式，任意相邻的主极永磁体112与辅助永磁体113平行放置，且主极永磁体112与辅助永磁体113的磁极相异的表面相贴合，主极永磁体112与辅助永磁体113具有相同的磁极，以扩大磁力线较多区域的面积，提升永磁同步电机100的效率。永磁电机转子110的旋转方向从放置在一起的主极永磁体112的一侧朝辅助永磁体113的一侧旋转，即永磁电机转子110的旋转方向为从主极永磁体112的后侧向该主极永磁体112的前侧旋转。以a位置处的主极永磁体120为例，图3所示的箭头方向为转子铁芯111的旋转方向，主极永磁体112的前侧和后侧的磁极分别为N极和S极，主极永磁体112的前侧的辅助永磁体113的磁极分别为S极和N极。此时，主极永磁体112的N极与辅助永磁体113的S极相贴合，进而a位置处的永磁体组的前侧和后侧的磁极分别为N极和S极。当然，为了进一步扩大磁力线较多区域的面积，提升永磁同步电机100的效率，也可以将任意相邻的辅助永磁体113与主极永磁体112放置在一起，为了简化生产工艺，也可以辅助永磁体113与主极永磁体112合并成一体。
参见图1，本发明一实施例的永磁同步电机100包括定子和转子，转子为上述任一实施例中的永磁电机转子110。至少包括具有主极永磁体112和辅助永磁体113的永磁电机转子110和在永磁电机转子110外侧的定子120。定子120包括定子铁芯121和定子绕组122，定子绕组122安装在定子铁芯121上。在永磁电机转子110的任意相邻的两个主极永磁体112之间安装辅助永磁体113，可以显著提高主极永磁体112的工作点，使得永磁电机转子110在定子120侧产生更多的磁链，提高气隙磁通的利用率，提升永磁同步电机100的输出转矩，提高永磁同步电机100的效率。同时，由于主极永磁体112的工作点的提高，使得主极永磁体112的抗退磁能力得到了提高，减小了永磁同步电机100在恶劣工况下运行的退磁风险。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种永磁电机转子，其特征在于，包括：
    转子铁芯(111)；
    切向磁化的主极永磁体(112)，所述主极永磁体(112)沿所述转子铁芯(111)的径向方向设置，所述主极永磁体(112)的数量与永磁同步电机的极数相等，多个所述主极永磁体(112)沿所述转子铁芯(111)的周向方向均匀分布，且任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体(112)最接近的表面磁极相同；以及
    切向磁化的辅助永磁体(113)，所述辅助永磁体(113)沿所述转子铁芯(111)的径向方向设置，且所述辅助永磁体(113)位于任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体(112)之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁电机转子，其特征在于，所述辅助永磁体(113)位于任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体(112)之间的对称中心线上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁电机转子，其特征在于，所述辅助永磁体(113)偏离任意相邻的两个所述主极永磁体(112)之间的对称中心线，且所述辅助永磁体(113)向相邻的磁极相异的所述主极永磁体(112)所在的方向偏移。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁电机转子，其特征在于，所述辅助永磁体(113)的矫顽力小于所述主极永磁体(112)的矫顽力。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁电机转子，其特征在于，所述辅助永磁体(113)沿所述转子铁芯(111)周向方向上的宽度小于所述主极永磁体(112)沿所述转子铁芯(111)周向方向上的宽度。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁电机转子，其特征在于，所述辅助永磁体(113)沿所述转子铁芯(111)径向方向上的长度小于所述主极永磁体(112)沿所述转子铁芯(111)径向方向上的长度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁电机转子，其特征在于，所述主极永磁体(112)的数量大于等于四个。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁电机转子，其特征在于，任意相邻的所述主极永磁体(112)与所述辅助永磁体(113)平行放置，且所述主极永磁体(112)与所述辅助永磁体(113)的 磁极相异的表面相贴合。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁电机转子，其特征在于，任意相邻的所述主极永磁体(112)与所述辅助永磁体(113)为一体。
  10. 一种永磁同步电机，包括定子和转子，所述定子位于所述转子的外侧，其特征在于，所述转子为权利要求1至9任一项所述的永磁电机转子(110)。
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