WO2017032194A1 - 一种数据传输方法、装置以及一种天线阵 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法、装置以及一种天线阵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017032194A1
WO2017032194A1 PCT/CN2016/090889 CN2016090889W WO2017032194A1 WO 2017032194 A1 WO2017032194 A1 WO 2017032194A1 CN 2016090889 W CN2016090889 W CN 2016090889W WO 2017032194 A1 WO2017032194 A1 WO 2017032194A1
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Prior art keywords
data
intermediate frequency
baseband
group
digital
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙华荣
段滔
邹素玲
苏进喜
倪慧娟
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Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
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Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/755,059 priority Critical patent/US10200095B2/en
Priority to EP16838454.3A priority patent/EP3343792B1/en
Publication of WO2017032194A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017032194A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/0003—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
    • H04B1/0007—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at radiofrequency or intermediate frequency stage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/0003—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
    • H04B1/0007—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at radiofrequency or intermediate frequency stage
    • H04B1/001—Channel filtering, i.e. selecting a frequency channel within the SDR system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/0003—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
    • H04B1/0007—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at radiofrequency or intermediate frequency stage
    • H04B1/0021—Decimation, i.e. data rate reduction techniques

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method and apparatus, and an antenna array.
  • the large-scale antenna array can realize three-dimensional (3D) Multiple In Most Out (MIMO), which is a good solution for improving spectrum utilization in 5G mobile communication systems.
  • MIMO Multiple In Most Out
  • large-scale antenna arrays have many antennas, many RF channels, and the IR interface data rate (ie, rate) between the active antenna array and the baseband unit (BBU) is high.
  • the IR interface rate is also proportional to the supported bandwidth. Due to the bandwidth limitations of this interface, large antenna arrays are generally difficult to achieve large bandwidth.
  • a large-scale antenna array is required, and the number of antennas of the large-scale antenna array is 2 N powers, generally at least 16 and more may be 128, 256 or more.
  • the arrangement of the antennas is a dual-polarized array of M rows * P columns, and both M and P are indices of 2.
  • the antenna array in the vertical direction realizes beam scanning in the vertical direction, and the antenna in the horizontal direction can perform beam scanning in the horizontal direction, thus forming a 3D beam scanning change.
  • the vertical direction antenna for example, a double-polarized antenna arranged in a row
  • the horizontal antenna beam for example, a double-polarized antenna arranged in a column
  • the sampling rate is 30.72 MSPS.
  • the IR interface data is not compressed, and the data rate of the IR interface required by one carrier antenna (CA) is 1.2288 Gbps.
  • CA carrier antenna
  • a 10G fiber can only transmit data of 8 CAs. Taking 128 antennas as an example, the number of other antennas can be analogized. The 128 antennas have a bandwidth of 256CA and a total of 32 10G fibers. If you want to support 100M bandwidth, you need 80 10G fibers. This is a very large number of fibers. ,difficult to realize.
  • the large-scale antenna array in the prior art achieves a small bandwidth and cannot meet the requirements of the future 5G system.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method and device and an antenna array for realizing large-bandwidth data transmission, thereby realizing large-bandwidth data transmission of a large-scale antenna array, and meeting the requirements of a future 5G system.
  • the baseband IQ data of the multi-carrier antenna CA is grouped by the IR data interface module to obtain baseband IQ data of each group of CAs;
  • Baseband IQ data for each group of CAs increasing the data rate of the baseband IQ data of the group of CAs by the interpolation filtering module; upconverting the baseband IQ data of the group of CAs with increased data rates to the numbers by the digital up-conversion module In the frequency band, the digital intermediate frequency signal of the group CA is obtained; the digital intermediate frequency signals of the group CA are superimposed by the combiner to form a multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal; and each group of antennas sharing the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal.
  • the amplitude and phase requirements of an antenna, the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signals are respectively adjusted in amplitude and phase, and then sent to a digital-to-analog converter of the corresponding antenna channel; the digital-to-analog converter is generated through each antenna channel
  • the multi-carrier analog IF signal is sent to the corresponding antenna channel.
  • the baseband IQ data of the multi-carrier antenna CA is grouped by the IR data interface module to obtain baseband IQ data of each group of CA; baseband IQ data for each group of CA: the group CA is improved by the interpolation filtering module
  • the data rate of the baseband IQ data; the baseband IQ data of the group of CAs with improved data rate is up-converted to the digital intermediate frequency band by the digital up-conversion module to obtain the digital intermediate frequency signal of the group CA; the digital intermediate frequency signal of the group CA
  • the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal is formed by superposition by a combiner; and the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal is respectively amplitude-amplified according to the amplitude and phase requirements of each of a group of antennas sharing the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal
  • the digital-to-analog converter is sent to the corresponding antenna channel; the digital-to-analog converter passing through each antenna channel generates the multi-carrier analog intermediate frequency signal and sends it to the
  • the number of antennas included in the set of antennas is an index of two.
  • the amplitude and phase requirements of each antenna are obtained from the baseband unit BBU.
  • the baseband IQ data of each CA is processed by the IR data interface module to obtain baseband IQ data of each CA, and the baseband IQ data of each CA is sent to the baseband unit BBU.
  • the number of antennas included in each set of antennas is an index of two.
  • the utility model comprises: an IR data interface module, an interpolation filtering module, a digital up-conversion module, a combiner, an amplitude and phase adjustment module and a digital-to-analog converter;
  • An IR data interface module configured to process baseband IQ data of the multi-carrier antenna CA to generate baseband IQ data of each group of CAs;
  • An interpolation filtering module configured to increase a data rate of the baseband IQ data of each group of CAs
  • the digital up-conversion module is configured to up-convert the baseband IQ data of each CA processed by the interpolation filtering module to a digital intermediate frequency band;
  • the combiner is configured to superimpose the digital intermediate frequency signals of the group CA for each group of CA digital intermediate frequency signals to form a multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal;
  • the amplitude and phase adjustment module is configured to, for each multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal, the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal according to the amplitude and phase requirements of each of a group of antennas sharing the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal After the amplitude and phase are separately adjusted, the digital-to-analog converter is sent to the corresponding antenna channel;
  • the digital-to-analog converter is configured to convert the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal that is adjusted by the amplitude and phase to the CA analog IF signal, and multi-carrier
  • the IF signal is analoged and sent to the corresponding antenna channel.
  • the number of antennas included in each set of antennas is an index of two.
  • the amplitude and phase requirements of each antenna are obtained by the amplitude and phase adjustment module from the baseband unit BBU.
  • An analog to digital converter a phase adjustment module, a combiner, a digital down conversion module, a filter extraction module, and an IR data interface module;
  • the digital intermediate frequency signal; the amplitude and phase adjustment module is configured to adjust the amplitude and phase of the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal, and then send the signal to the combiner corresponding to the group of antenna channels; the combiner corresponding to each group of antenna channels, And superimposing the adjusted multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signals corresponding to amplitude and phase corresponding to each antenna channel in the set of antenna channels to obtain a set of CA digital intermediate frequency signals; and a digital down conversion module for the group
  • the IR data interface module is configured to process the baseband IQ data of each CA to obtain baseband IQ data of each CA, and send the baseband IQ data of each CA to the baseband unit BBU.
  • the number of antennas included in each set of antennas is an index of two.
  • An antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of dual-polarized antennas arranged in M rows and P columns, and an antenna channel corresponding to each of the antennas, wherein M and P are indices of 2,
  • the antenna array further includes the data transmitting apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and/or the data receiving apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a digital intermediate frequency implementation scheme for a narrow bandwidth large-scale antenna array transmission link according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation scheme of a narrow bandwidth large-scale antenna array receiving link according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a digital intermediate frequency implementation scheme of a large-bandwidth large-scale antenna array transmission link according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an implementation scheme of a large-bandwidth large-scale antenna array receiving link according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a data sending method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a data receiving method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a data sending apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a data receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method and device and an antenna array for realizing large-bandwidth data transmission, thereby realizing large-bandwidth data transmission of a large-scale antenna array, and meeting the requirements of a future 5G system.
  • the embodiment of the invention is directed to a solution for supporting a large-area array to support a large bandwidth under a specific IR interface bandwidth.
  • the large bandwidth is, for example, the bandwidth in the case of more than 40M.
  • M is an index of 2, and in general, M is greater than 4.
  • M is an index of 2
  • M is greater than 4.
  • a total of 8 antennas of a 4-row dual-polarized antenna are used as a unit, so that in M*P In the dual-polarized antenna array, M*P/4 such units are required, and each unit can be connected to the BBU through two 10G optical fibers, and can transmit 16CA data.
  • the complete antenna data is transmitted, and all antenna data is generated and adjusted by the BBU, which is a standard antenna array mode.
  • the flow of data transmission and reception is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, respectively.
  • the data of the 16CA sent by the BBU outputs the baseband IQ data of different CAs through the IR data interface module.
  • the data rate is increased to several times the baseband IQ data rate, and then digitally up-converted to obtain digital IF signals of different CAs.
  • Each two CAs are grouped together, and a total of 8 Group, each group of CA's digital intermediate frequency signals are added to obtain the digital intermediate frequency signal of the group of CA, and sent to a digital to analog converter (DAC) to be converted into an analog intermediate frequency signal, and finally transmitted through the corresponding antenna channel.
  • DAC digital to analog converter
  • the receiving path receives the CA analog IF signal sent by the analog to digital converter (ADC), and separates the data of different CAs by digital down conversion, and each channel corresponds to a group of CAs.
  • the data includes two CA data for each group.
  • the data of each CA is decomposed by the filter to form baseband IQ data, and is converted into baseband IQ data through the IR interface and then sent to the BBU for processing.
  • each stream of data can be supported for every 8 antennas, and each stream of data includes 2CA data.
  • the IR interface cannot transmit more data.
  • the beam scanning range in the vertical direction is small, it is considered to share a set of baseband IQ data every two antennas or four antennas in the vertical direction, and to adjust the beam amplitudes in the vertical direction by adjusting different amplitudes and phases in the digital intermediate frequency of the antenna array. , get the corresponding antenna gain.
  • the parameters for the phase adjustment of each antenna in the vertical direction are calculated by the BBU according to the required vertical direction of the beam and transmitted to the active antenna array. This implementation is shown, for example, in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the eight antennas share a set of data for every four antennas, and each group of data has a total of five CA data.
  • the data is separated by the IR data interface module, and the filter is interpolated to the appropriate data rate.
  • Each carrier data of each group of antennas is up-converted to the digital intermediate frequency band of each carrier, and superimposed to form a multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal. That is, the digital intermediate frequency signal of 5CA is a total bandwidth of 100M, which needs to be transmitted through 4 antennas, corresponding to 4 antenna channels respectively.
  • This digital intermediate frequency signal is sent to the DAC of the corresponding antenna channel through different amplitude phase adjustment, and the simulation is generated.
  • the IF signal is given to each analog antenna channel. Among them, the amplitude and phase of each antenna need to be adjusted, which is transmitted by the BBU.
  • Channel 1 to channel 4 send one 5CA analog IF signal
  • channel 5 to channel 8 send another 5CA analog IF signal.
  • each group of CA data only indicates 2CA data, and the data of 3CA is omitted.
  • the data of each antenna signal after being sampled by the ADC is added together by amplitude and phase adjustment, that is, the multi-channel data combining is completed to form a set of digital intermediate frequency signals, wherein Channel 1 to channel 4 correspond to a set of digital intermediate frequency signals, and channels 5 to 8 correspond to another set of digital intermediate frequency signals.
  • Each set of digital intermediate frequency signals is down-converted and the corresponding components are outputted.
  • the baseband IQ data of each carrier is extracted by the filter and converted into 10CA baseband IQ data by the IR data interface, and then sent to the BBU for processing.
  • each stream of data includes 5CA data.
  • each 8 antennas can only support 4 streams of data, and each stream of data includes 4CA data.
  • a data sending method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the baseband IQ data of the multi-carrier antenna CA is grouped by the IR data interface module to obtain baseband IQ data of each group of CAs;
  • Baseband IQ data for each group of CAs increasing a data rate of the baseband IQ data of the group of CAs by using an interpolation filtering module; and upconverting the baseband IQ data of the group of CAs with an increased data rate by a digital up-conversion module to
  • the digital intermediate frequency band obtains the digital intermediate frequency signal of the group CA; the digital intermediate frequency signals of the group CA are superimposed by the combiner to form a multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal; and a set of antennas sharing the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal.
  • the amplitude and phase requirements of each antenna, the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signals are respectively adjusted in amplitude and phase, and then sent A digital-to-analog converter that is sent to the corresponding antenna channel; the digital-to-analog converter that passes through each antenna channel generates the multi-carrier analog intermediate frequency signal and transmits it to the corresponding antenna channel.
  • the number of antennas included in the set of antennas is an index of two.
  • the amplitude and phase requirements of each antenna are obtained from the baseband unit BBU.
  • a data receiving method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the digital intermediate frequency signal, the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal is adjusted in amplitude and phase, and then sent to the combiner corresponding to the set of antenna channels;
  • the combined multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signals corresponding to the amplitude and phase of each antenna channel of each set of antenna channels are superimposed by the combiner corresponding to each set of antenna channels to obtain a digital intermediate frequency of a group of CAs.
  • the filtering extraction module is
  • the baseband IQ data of the CA is processed to obtain baseband IQ data of each CA, and is sent to the IR data interface module;
  • the baseband IQ data of each CA is processed by the IR data interface module to obtain baseband IQ data of each CA, and the baseband IQ data of each CA is sent to the baseband unit BBU.
  • the number of antennas included in each set of antennas is an index of two.
  • a data sending apparatus includes:
  • the IR data interface module 11 is configured to process baseband IQ data of the multi-carrier antenna CA to generate baseband IQ data of each group of CAs;
  • the interpolation filtering module 12 is configured to increase a data rate of the baseband IQ data of each group of CAs;
  • the digital up-conversion module 13 is configured to up-convert the baseband IQ data of each CA processed by the interpolation filtering module to a digital intermediate frequency band;
  • the combiner 14 is configured to superimpose the digital intermediate frequency signals of the group CA for each group of CA digital intermediate frequency signals to form a multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal;
  • the amplitude and phase adjustment module 15 is configured to: for each multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal, according to the amplitude and phase requirements of each antenna of a group of antennas sharing the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal, the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency After the signals are respectively adjusted in amplitude and phase, they are sent to the digital-to-analog converter of the corresponding antenna channel;
  • the digital-to-analog converter 16 is configured to convert the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal to the CA analog IF signal for each of the amplitude and phase-adjusted multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signals, and The carrier simulates the IF signal and sends it to the corresponding antenna channel.
  • the number of antennas included in each set of antennas is an index of two.
  • the amplitude and phase requirements of each antenna are obtained by the amplitude and phase adjustment module from the baseband unit BBU.
  • a data receiving apparatus includes:
  • An analog-to-digital converter 21 An amplitude and phase adjustment module 22, a combiner 23, a digital down conversion module 24, a filter extraction module 25, and an IR data interface module 26;
  • the amplitude and phase adjustment module 22 is configured to adjust the amplitude and phase of the multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signal, and then send the corresponding to the combiner corresponding to the set of antenna channels;
  • the device 23 is configured to superimpose the adjusted multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency signals corresponding to the amplitude and phase corresponding to each antenna channel of the group of antenna channels to obtain a set of CA digital intermediate frequency signals;
  • the digital down conversion module 24 The digital intermediate frequency signal of the group CA is processed to obtain baseband IQ data of the group CA; and the filtering extraction module 25 is configured to process baseband IQ data of each group of CAs to obtain baseband IQ data of each CA;
  • the IR data interface module 26 is configured to process the baseband IQ data of the respective CAs to obtain baseband IQ data of each CA, and send the baseband IQ data of the respective CAs to the baseband unit BBU.
  • the number of antennas included in each set of antennas is an index of two.
  • An antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of dual-polarized antennas arranged in M rows and P columns, and an antenna channel corresponding to each of the antennas, wherein M and P are indices of 2,
  • the antenna array further includes the data transmitting apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and/or the data receiving apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the NCO in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 represents a carrier numerically controlled oscillator, which is an existing module, and each device provided in the embodiment of the present invention may include the module. Its function is the same as the prior art, and therefore will not be described again.
  • the large-scale antenna array can be configured as a full antenna array processed by the full BBU according to different application scenarios, and can also be configured as a fixed mode of the partial antenna phase.
  • the amplitude phase adjustment parameters of each antenna are calculated by the BBU according to the required signal beam direction, and are sent to the antenna array. The effect obtained is consistent with the effect of direct processing by the BBU.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the present invention is directed to a flowchart of a method, apparatus (system), and computer program product according to an embodiment of the present invention. And / or block diagram to describe. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or FIG.
  • These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine for the execution of instructions for execution by a processor of a computer or other programmable data processing device.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种数据传输方法、装置以及一种天线阵，用以实现大规模天线阵的大带宽数据传输。数据发送方法包括：多路CA的基带IQ数据经IR数据接口模块分组，得到每一组CA的基带IQ数据；针对每一组CA的基带IQ数据：通过数字上变频模块将提高了数据率的该组CA的基带IQ数据上变频到数字中频频段；将该组CA的数字中频信号通过合路器进行叠加，形成一路多载波数字中频信号；按照共用该路多载波数字中频信号的一组天线中每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，将该路多载波数字中频信号分别进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给相应的天线通道的数模转换器；经过每一天线通道的数模转换器产生该路多载波模拟中频信号并发送给相应的天线通道。

Description

一种数据传输方法、装置以及一种天线阵
本申请要求在2015年8月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510524049.1、发明名称为“一种数据传输方法、装置以及一种天线阵”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法、装置以及一种天线阵。
背景技术
大规模天线阵可以实现三维空间(3D)多入多出(Most In Most Out，MIMO)，是5G移动通信系统中一个很好的提高频谱利用率的方案。但是，大规模天线阵由于天线数很多，射频通道很多，有源天线阵与基带单元(BBU)之间的IR接口数据率(即速率)很高。而IR接口速率与支持的带宽也是成比例关系。由于这个接口带宽的限制，大规模天线阵一般很难实现大带宽。
为了实现3D MIMO，需要采用大规模天线阵，大规模天线阵的天线数量为2的N次方，一般最少16根，多的可为128、256或更多。天线的排列都为M行*P列排列的双极化天线阵，M和P都是2的指数。垂直方向的天线阵实现垂直方向的波束扫描，水平方向的天线可实现水平方向的波束扫描，这样就形成3D的波束扫描变化。其中垂直方向的天线(例如是呈行排列的双极化天线)波束扫描范围要求小，水平方向的天线波束(例如是呈列排列的双极化天线)扫描范围要宽。对于20MHz带宽的长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)信号，采样率为30.72MSPS。例如，IR接口数据不压缩，在一个载波天线(CA)需要的IR接口传输数据率为1.2288Gbps。一个10G的光纤只能传输8根CA的数据。以128根天线为例，其它天线数可以类比，128根天线40M带宽就256CA，共需要32根10G光纤，如果是要支持100M带宽，就需要80根10G光纤，这是一个非常庞大的光纤数量，很难实现。
因此，现有技术中实现每8根天线2根10G的光纤。这样就只能支持40MHz的带宽。很难实现更大的带宽，特别是在5G系统中要求的100MHz带宽难以实现。
综上所述，现有技术中的大规模天线阵实现的带宽较小，无法满足未来5G系统的要求。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种数据传输方法、装置以及一种天线阵，用以实现较大带宽的数据传输，进而实现大规模天线阵的大带宽数据传输，满足未来5G系统的要求。
本发明实施例提供的一种数据发送方法，包括：
多路载波天线CA的基带IQ数据经IR数据接口模块分组，得到每一组CA的基带IQ数据；
针对每一组CA的基带IQ数据：通过内插滤波模块提高该组CA的基带IQ数据的数据率；通过数字上变频模块将提高了数据率的该组CA的基带IQ数据上变频到数字中频频段，得到该组CA的数字中频信号；将该组CA的数字中频信号通过合路器进行叠加，形成一路多载波数字中频信号；按照共用该路多载波数字中频信号的一组天线中每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，将该路多载波数字中频信号分别进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给相应的天线通道的数模转换器；经过每一天线通道的数模转换器产生该路多载波模拟中频信号并发送给相应的天线通道。
通过该方法，多路载波天线CA的基带IQ数据经IR数据接口模块分组，得到每一组CA的基带IQ数据；针对每一组CA的基带IQ数据：通过内插滤波模块提高该组CA的基带IQ数据的数据率；通过数字上变频模块将提高了数据率的该组CA的基带IQ数据上变频到数字中频频段，得到该组CA的数字中频信号；将该组CA的数字中频信号通过合路器进行叠加，形成一路多载波数字中频信号；按照共用该路多载波数字中频信号的一组天线中每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，将该路多载波数字中频信号分别进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给相应的天线通道的数模转换器；经过每一天线通道的数模转换器产生该路多载波模拟中频信号并发送给相应的天线通道，从而实现了较大带宽的数据传输，进而实现大规模天线阵的大带宽数据传输，满足未来5G系统的要求。
较佳地，所述一组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
较佳地，所述每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，是从基带单元BBU获取的。
本发明实施例提供的一种数据接收方法，包括：
针对通过每组天线通道中的每一天线通道接收到的该组天线通道共用的一路多载波模拟中频信号：将该路多载波模拟中频信号经过模数转换器转换后得到该路多载波数字中频信号，将该路多载波数字中频信号进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给该组天线通道对应的合路器；
通过每一组天线通道对应的合路器，将该组天线通道中每一天线通道对应的、经过幅度和相位的调整后的多载波数字中频信号进行叠加，得到一组CA的数字中频信号；并将该组CA的数字中频信号通过数字下变频模块处理，得到该组CA的基带IQ数据，并将该组CA的基带IQ数据发送给滤波抽取模块；所述滤波抽取模块对该组CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据，并发送给IR数据接口模块；
经过所述IR数据接口模块对所述各个CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据，并将该各个CA的基带IQ数据发送给基带单元BBU。
较佳地，所述每组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
本发明实施例提供的一种数据发送装置，包括：
包括：IR数据接口模块、内插滤波模块、数字上变频模块、合路器、幅相调整模块和数模转换器；其中，
IR数据接口模块，用于对多路载波天线CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，产生每一组CA的基带IQ数据；
内插滤波模块，用于提高所述每一组CA的基带IQ数据的数据率；
所述数字上变频模块，用于将经过所述内插滤波模块处理后的每一CA的基带IQ数据上变频到数字中频频段；
所述合路器，用于针对每一组CA的数字中频信号，将该组CA的数字中频信号进行叠加，形成一路多载波数字中频信号；
所述幅相调整模块，用于针对每路多载波数字中频信号，按照共用该路多载波数字中频信号的一组天线中每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，将该路多载波数字中频信号分别进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给相应的天线通道的数模转换器；
所述数模转换器，用于针对每路经过所述幅度和相位调整后的多载波数字中频信号，将该路多载波数字中频信号转换为该路CA模拟中频信号，并将该路多载波模拟中频信号并发送给相应的天线通道。
较佳地，每组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
较佳地，所述每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，是所述幅相调整模块从基带单元BBU获取的。
本发明实施例提供的一种数据接收装置，包括：
模数转换器、幅相调整模块、合路器、数字下变频模块、滤波抽取模块和IR数据接口模块；其中，
针对通过每组天线通道中的每一天线通道接收到的该组天线通道共用的一路多载波模拟中频信号：模数转换器，用于将该路多载波模拟中频信号转换后得到该路多载波数字中频信号；幅相调整模块，用于将该路多载波数字中频信号进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给该组天线通道对应的合路器；每一组天线通道对应的合路器，用于将该组天线通道中每一天线通道对应的、经过幅度和相位的调整后的多载波数字中频信号进行叠加，得到一组CA的数字中频信号；数字下变频模块，用于将该组CA的数字中频信号进行处理，得到该组CA的基带IQ数据；滤波抽取模块，用于对各组CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据；
IR数据接口模块，用于对所述各个CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据，并将该各个CA的基带IQ数据发送给基带单元BBU。
较佳地，所述每组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
本发明实施例提供的一种天线阵，包括呈M行、P列排列的多个双极化天线，以及每一所述天线对应的天线通道，其中，M和P都是2的指数，该天线阵还包括本发明实施例提供的所述的数据发送装置，和/或，本发明实施例提供的所述的数据接收装置。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的窄带宽大规模天线阵发射链路数字中频实现方案示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的窄带宽大规模天线阵接收链路实现方案示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的大带宽大规模天线阵发射链路数字中频实现方案示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的大带宽大规模天线阵接收链路实现方案示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种数据发送方法的流程示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的一种数据接收方法的流程示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的一种数据发送装置的结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的一种数据接收装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供了一种数据传输方法、装置以及一种天线阵，用以实现较大带宽的数据传输，进而实现大规模天线阵的大带宽数据传输，满足未来5G系统的要求。
本发明实施例就是针对在特定的IR接口带宽下解决大规模天线阵支持大带宽的方案。所述的大带宽，例如是大于40M的情况下的带宽。
在M*P双极化大规模天线阵中，M为2的指数，一般情况下，M大于4，例如，以一列4行双极化天线共8个天线为一个单元，这样在M*P的双极化天线阵中需要M*P/4个这样的单元，每个单元可以通过2根10G光纤与BBU连接，可传输16CA的数据。
在带宽小于40M的情况下，传输完整的天线数据，所有的天线数据都由BBU产生和调整，是标准的天线阵模式。其数据发送和接收的流程分别如图1和图2所示。
在数据发送过程中，由BBU发来的16CA的数据通过IR数据接口模块分量出不同的CA的基带IQ数据。不同的CA的基带IQ数据经过滤波内插后，数据率提高到几倍的基带IQ数据率，再经过数字上变频后得到不同CA的数字中频信号，每两个CA作为一组，一共有8组，每组CA的数字中频信号相加后得到该组CA的数字中频信号，并送给数模转换器(Digital to Analog Converter,DAC)转换为模拟中频信号，最后通过相应的天线通道发送出去。8根天线就有8个通道，发送8组CA的模拟中频信号。
在数据接收过程中，接收通路接收由模数转换器(Analog to Digital Converter,ADC)发来的CA模拟中频信号，通过数字下变频分离出不同CA的数据，每个通道对应一组CA 的数据，每组包括2个CA的数据，每一CA的数据在通过滤波器抽取后形成基带IQ数据，并通过IR接口转换为基带IQ数据后送给BBU处理。
这种情况下每8根天线可以支持8流数据，每流数据包括2CA的数据。
在需要支持更大带宽时，例如大于40M带宽时，由于IR接口无法传输更多的数据。考虑到垂直方向的波束扫描范围较小，可以考虑在垂直方向每两根天线或者4根天线共用一组基带IQ数据，在天线阵数字中频中通过调整不同的幅度和相位达到垂直方向的波束方向，得到相应的天线增益。在垂直方向每根天线幅度相位调整的参数由BBU根据需要波束垂直方向角度计算得到，并传输给有源天线阵。该实现方案例如参见图3和图4所示。
参见图3，在数据发送过程中，这8根天线每4根天线共用一组数据，每组数据共有5个CA的数据。这些数据由IR数据接口模块分离出来，经过滤波器内插到合适的数据率，每组天线的各载波数据上变频到各载波的数字中频频段，叠加后形成一路的多载波数字中频信号，即一路5CA的数字中频信号，一共是100M的带宽，需要通过4根天线发送，分别对应4个天线通道，这路数字中频信号通过不同的幅度相位调整送给相应的天线通道的DAC，产生模拟中频信号给各模拟天线通道。其中，各天线需要调整的幅度和相位，由BBU传送得到。通道1至通道4发送一路5CA的模拟中频信号，通道5至通道8发送另一路5CA的模拟中频信号。
需要说明的是，图3、4中，每组CA数据仅示意出了2CA数据，省略了3CA的数据。
参见图4，在数据接收过程中，接收通路上，各天线信号经过ADC采样后的数据经过幅度、相位调整后相加在一起，即完成多通道数据合路，形成一组数字中频信号，其中通道1至通道4对应一组数字中频信号，通道5至通道8对应另一组数字中频信号。每组数字中频信号经过下变频后分量出相应的载波，经滤波器抽取得到各载波的基带IQ数据经IR数据接口转换得到10CA基带IQ数据后送给BBU处理。
这种情况下，每8根天线只能支持2流数据，每流数据包括5CA数据。
若一共有16CA数据，则可以两个通道共用一组数据，则每8根天线只能支持4流数据，每流数据包括4CA数据。
由此可见，参见图5，本发明实施例提供的一种数据发送方法，包括：
S101、多路载波天线CA的基带IQ数据经IR数据接口模块分组，得到每一组CA的基带IQ数据；
S102、针对每一组CA的基带IQ数据：通过内插滤波模块提高该组CA的基带IQ数据的数据率；通过数字上变频模块将提高了数据率的该组CA的基带IQ数据上变频到数字中频频段，得到该组CA的数字中频信号；将该组CA的数字中频信号通过合路器进行叠加，形成一路多载波数字中频信号；按照共用该路多载波数字中频信号的一组天线中每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，将该路多载波数字中频信号分别进行幅度和相位的调整后，发 送给相应的天线通道的数模转换器；经过每一天线通道的数模转换器产生该路多载波模拟中频信号并发送给相应的天线通道。
较佳地，所述一组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
较佳地，所述每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，是从基带单元BBU获取的。
参见图6，本发明实施例提供的一种数据接收方法，包括：
S201、针对通过每组天线通道中的每一天线通道接收到的该组天线通道共用的一路多载波模拟中频信号：将该路多载波模拟中频信号经过模数转换器转换后得到该路多载波数字中频信号，将该路多载波数字中频信号进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给该组天线通道对应的合路器；
S202、通过每一组天线通道对应的合路器，将该组天线通道中每一天线通道对应的、经过幅度和相位的调整后的多载波数字中频信号进行叠加，得到一组CA的数字中频信号；并将该组CA的数字中频信号通过数字下变频模块处理，得到该组CA的基带IQ数据，并将该组CA的基带IQ数据发送给滤波抽取模块；所述滤波抽取模块对该组CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据，并发送给IR数据接口模块；
S203、经过所述IR数据接口模块对所述各个CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据，并将该各个CA的基带IQ数据发送给基带单元BBU。
较佳地，所述每组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
参见图7，本发明实施例提供的一种数据发送装置，包括：
IR数据接口模块11、内插滤波模块12、数字上变频模块13、合路器14、幅相调整模块15和数模转换器16；其中，
IR数据接口模块11，用于对多路载波天线CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，产生每一组CA的基带IQ数据；
内插滤波模块12，用于提高所述每一组CA的基带IQ数据的数据率；
所述数字上变频模块13，用于将经过所述内插滤波模块处理后的每一CA的基带IQ数据上变频到数字中频频段；
所述合路器14，用于针对每一组CA的数字中频信号，将该组CA的数字中频信号进行叠加，形成一路多载波数字中频信号；
所述幅相调整模块15，用于针对每路多载波数字中频信号，按照共用该路多载波数字中频信号的一组天线中每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，将该路多载波数字中频信号分别进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给相应的天线通道的数模转换器；
所述数模转换器16，用于针对每路经过所述幅度和相位调整后的多载波数字中频信号，将该路多载波数字中频信号转换为该路CA模拟中频信号，并将该路多载波模拟中频信号并发送给相应的天线通道。
较佳地，每组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
较佳地，所述每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，是所述幅相调整模块从基带单元BBU获取的。
参见图8，本发明实施例提供的一种数据接收装置，包括：
模数转换器21、幅相调整模块22、合路器23、数字下变频模块24、滤波抽取模块25和IR数据接口模块26；其中，
针对通过每组天线通道中的每一天线通道接收到的该组天线通道共用的一路多载波模拟中频信号：模数转换器21，用于将该路多载波模拟中频信号转换后得到该路多载波数字中频信号；幅相调整模块22，用于将该路多载波数字中频信号进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给该组天线通道对应的合路器；每一组天线通道对应的合路器23，用于将该组天线通道中每一天线通道对应的、经过幅度和相位的调整后的多载波数字中频信号进行叠加，得到一组CA的数字中频信号；数字下变频模块24，用于将该组CA的数字中频信号进行处理，得到该组CA的基带IQ数据；滤波抽取模块25，用于对各组CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据；
IR数据接口模块26，用于对所述各个CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据，并将该各个CA的基带IQ数据发送给基带单元BBU。
较佳地，所述每组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
本发明实施例提供的一种天线阵，包括呈M行、P列排列的多个双极化天线，以及每一所述天线对应的天线通道，其中，M和P都是2的指数，该天线阵还包括本发明实施例提供的所述的数据发送装置，和/或，本发明实施例提供的所述的数据接收装置。
另外，需要说明的是，图1至图4中的NCO表示载波数控振荡器，是现有模块，本发明实施例中提供的各个装置均可以包括该模块。其作用与现有技术相同，因此不再赘述。
综上所述，本发明实施例在物理硬件不变的情况下使得大规模天线阵可根据应用场景的不同，配置为全BBU处理的全天线阵，也可以配置为部分天线相位的固定的模式，达到增加可支持的信号带宽的目的。在多根天线共用一组基带IQ数据情况下各天线的幅度相位调整参数由BBU根据需要的信号波束方向计算得到，并送给天线阵。得到的效果与BBU直接处理的效果一致。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图 和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种数据发送方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    多路载波天线CA的基带IQ数据经IR数据接口模块分组，得到每一组CA的基带IQ数据；
    针对每一组CA的基带IQ数据：通过内插滤波模块提高该组CA的基带IQ数据的数据率；通过数字上变频模块将提高了数据率的该组CA的基带IQ数据上变频到数字中频频段，得到该组CA的数字中频信号；将该组CA的数字中频信号通过合路器进行叠加，形成一路多载波数字中频信号；按照共用该路多载波数字中频信号的一组天线中每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，将该路多载波数字中频信号分别进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给相应的天线通道的数模转换器；经过每一天线通道的数模转换器产生该路多载波模拟中频信号并发送给相应的天线通道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述一组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，是从基带单元BBU获取的。
  4. 一种数据接收方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    针对通过每组天线通道中的每一天线通道接收到的该组天线通道共用的一路多载波模拟中频信号：将该路多载波模拟中频信号经过模数转换器转换后得到该路多载波数字中频信号，将该路多载波数字中频信号进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给该组天线通道对应的合路器；
    通过每一组天线通道对应的合路器，将该组天线通道中每一天线通道对应的、经过幅度和相位的调整后的多载波数字中频信号进行叠加，得到一组CA的数字中频信号；并将该组CA的数字中频信号通过数字下变频模块处理，得到该组CA的基带IQ数据，并将该组CA的基带IQ数据发送给滤波抽取模块；所述滤波抽取模块对该组CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据，并发送给IR数据接口模块；
    经过所述IR数据接口模块对所述各个CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据，并将该各个CA的基带IQ数据发送给基带单元BBU。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述每组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
  6. 一种数据发送装置，其特征在于，包括：IR数据接口模块、内插滤波模块、数字上变频模块、合路器、幅相调整模块和数模转换器；其中，
    IR数据接口模块，用于对多路载波天线CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，产生每一组CA 的基带IQ数据；
    内插滤波模块，用于提高所述每一组CA的基带IQ数据的数据率；
    所述数字上变频模块，用于将经过所述内插滤波模块处理后的每一CA的基带IQ数据上变频到数字中频频段；
    所述合路器，用于针对每一组CA的数字中频信号，将该组CA的数字中频信号进行叠加，形成一路多载波数字中频信号；
    所述幅相调整模块，用于针对每路多载波数字中频信号，按照共用该路多载波数字中频信号的一组天线中每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，将该路多载波数字中频信号分别进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给相应的天线通道的数模转换器；
    所述数模转换器，用于针对每路经过所述幅度和相位调整后的多载波数字中频信号，将该路多载波数字中频信号转换为该路CA模拟中频信号，并将该路多载波模拟中频信号并发送给相应的天线通道。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，每组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述每一天线的幅度和相位的要求，是所述幅相调整模块从基带单元BBU获取的。
  9. 一种数据接收装置，其特征在于，包括：模数转换器、幅相调整模块、合路器、数字下变频模块、滤波抽取模块和IR数据接口模块；其中，
    针对通过每组天线通道中的每一天线通道接收到的该组天线通道共用的一路多载波模拟中频信号：模数转换器，用于将该路多载波模拟中频信号转换后得到该路多载波数字中频信号；幅相调整模块，用于将该路多载波数字中频信号进行幅度和相位的调整后，发送给该组天线通道对应的合路器；每一组天线通道对应的合路器，用于将该组天线通道中每一天线通道对应的、经过幅度和相位的调整后的多载波数字中频信号进行叠加，得到一组CA的数字中频信号；数字下变频模块，用于将该组CA的数字中频信号进行处理，得到该组CA的基带IQ数据；滤波抽取模块，用于对各组CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据；
    IR数据接口模块，用于对所述各个CA的基带IQ数据进行处理，得到各个CA的基带IQ数据，并将该各个CA的基带IQ数据发送给基带单元BBU。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述每组天线中包括的天线数为2的指数。
  11. 一种天线阵，包括呈M行、P列排列的多个双极化天线，以及每一所述天线对应的天线通道，其中，M和P都是2的指数，其特征在于，该天线阵还包括权利要求6、7或8所述的装置，和/或，权利要求9或10所述的装置。
PCT/CN2016/090889 2015-08-24 2016-07-21 一种数据传输方法、装置以及一种天线阵 Ceased WO2017032194A1 (zh)

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