WO2017041308A1 - 光学模组、光学装置及穿戴式显示装置 - Google Patents

光学模组、光学装置及穿戴式显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017041308A1
WO2017041308A1 PCT/CN2015/089484 CN2015089484W WO2017041308A1 WO 2017041308 A1 WO2017041308 A1 WO 2017041308A1 CN 2015089484 W CN2015089484 W CN 2015089484W WO 2017041308 A1 WO2017041308 A1 WO 2017041308A1
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Prior art keywords
optical
lens
display device
optical module
wearable display
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2015/089484
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
施宏艳
杨松龄
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Shenzhen Royole Technologies Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Royole Technologies Co Ltd
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Application filed by Shenzhen Royole Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Royole Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2015/089484 priority Critical patent/WO2017041308A1/zh
Priority to JP2018506165A priority patent/JP6545359B2/ja
Priority to EP15903413.1A priority patent/EP3349052A4/en
Priority to CN201710857399.9A priority patent/CN107505712B/zh
Priority to KR1020177030538A priority patent/KR101937074B1/ko
Priority to CN201580002985.4A priority patent/CN105917267B/zh
Priority to US15/058,901 priority patent/US10120175B2/en
Publication of WO2017041308A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017041308A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/34—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having four components only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0856—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors
    • G02B17/086—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors wherein the system is made of a single block of optical material, e.g. solid catadioptric systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0081—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G02B3/04—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with continuous faces that are rotationally symmetrical but deviate from a true sphere, e.g. so called "aspheric" lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/011—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for correcting geometrical aberrations, distortion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
    • G02B2027/0134—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems of stereoscopic type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical display, and more particularly to an optical module suitable for near-eye display, an optical device having the optical module, and a wearable display device having the optical module or optical device.
  • wearable display devices can be divided into transmissive and immersive, wherein the immersive wearable display device focuses on the immersive visual experience, including providing high-quality experience effects of the user's private theater, authentic entertainment experience of the virtual scene, and the like. Therefore, the immersive type of display quality will be relatively high regardless of the field.
  • one way is to reduce the distortion by increasing the line field of view and reducing the magnification of the optical module.
  • Display problems to achieve a relative balance of display quality may result in an increase in the volume and weight of the display front end of the wearable display device, and the lower portability and the heavier burden on the wearer may cause undesirable problems for the user.
  • Another way is to use a small-sized display.
  • multiple lenses are needed to increase the magnification of the display module. As the magnification is higher, the distortion problem becomes more serious. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the function lens to correct the distortion and the like, resulting in a relatively complicated optical module, which also causes an increase in the volume and weight of the display front end.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical module, an optical device, and a wearable display device to solve the problems of the above background art.
  • the present invention provides a wearable display device comprising:
  • a micro display module for outputting a display source
  • An optical module for enlarging and projecting the display source to the exit pupil comprising:
  • a first optical module comprising a first lens having a positive power, a second lens having a negative power, and a third lens having a positive power
  • the second optical module includes a fourth optical element having a positive power composed of a first aspherical surface, a second aspherical surface, and a deflecting surface, wherein the deflecting surface is used to change the optical path direction of the first optical module to the exit pupil direction.
  • the invention also provides an optical device comprising an optical module, the optical module having:
  • a first optical module comprising a first lens having a positive power, a second lens having a negative power, and a third lens having a positive power
  • the second optical module includes a fourth optical element having a positive power composed of a first aspherical surface, a second aspherical surface, and a deflecting surface, wherein the deflecting surface is used to change the optical path direction of the first optical module to the exit pupil direction.
  • the present invention also provides a wearable display device comprising the optical device and the micro display module according to any of the above;
  • the micro display module is configured to provide a display source
  • the optical device includes an optical module for projecting the virtual image magnified by the display source to the exit pupil.
  • An optical module provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a first lens having positive power, a second lens having negative power, and a third lens having positive power, and the first
  • the fourth optical element having positive refractive power composed of the aspherical surface, the second aspherical surface and the deflecting surface changes the optical path direction of the first optical module to the exit pupil direction by the deflecting surface.
  • the first optical module is combined with a second optical module having first and second aspheric surfaces to correct aberrations, and a limited optical element is used to achieve a high quality display image.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wearable display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a graph of the MTF of an implementation data of Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is a graph of astigmatism and field curvature of an implementation data of Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing the distortion of an implementation data of Figure 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an optical device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the cross-sectional view of Figure 8.
  • FIG. 1 is a wearable display device 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, for convenience
  • the principles of the present invention are understood to provide an exemplary structure and description of a wearable display device, but the invention is not limited to the exemplary structure.
  • the wearable display device 10 includes a display device 11 and an earphone device 12 respectively connected to the two ends of the display device 11 , so that when the user wears, the display device 11 is placed in front of the user's eyes.
  • the earphone device 12 is worn on the user's ears to provide audio output.
  • the display device 11 includes two windows (not shown) disposed on the inner side of the user, and a micro display module 112 and an optical module 113 disposed therein, wherein the micro display module 112 is configured to output a display source.
  • the optical module 113 is used to magnify and project the display source to the exit pupil.
  • the micro display module 112 includes two microdisplays 112A and 112B, which may be an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display or an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • the wearable display device 10 includes two sets of optical modules 113, so that the two sets of optical modules 113 respectively project the display source light provided by the corresponding microdisplays 112A, 112B to the eyes of the user through the corresponding window, that is, Projected to the exit pupil P, which in turn allows the user to see the magnified virtual image.
  • the optical module 113 includes a first optical module 113A and a second optical module 113B.
  • the first optical module 113A includes a first lens L1 having positive refractive power, a second lens L2 having negative refractive power, and a third lens L3 having positive refractive power.
  • the second optical module 113B includes a fourth optical element L4 having a first aspherical surface F7, a second aspherical surface F9, and a deflecting surface F8, wherein the deflecting surface F8 is for changing the optical path direction of the first optical module 113A to the exit pupil direction.
  • the fourth optical element L4 includes, but is not limited to, a prism formed by integrally forming the first aspherical surface F7, the second aspherical surface F9, and the deflecting surface F8, or a lens having the first aspherical surface F7, and having the second aspherical surface F9.
  • the lens and the mirror having the deflecting surface F8 are composed.
  • the first lens L1 of each optical module 113 is disposed at a position close to the display source, and the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the fourth optical element L4 are sequentially disposed in a direction away from the display source.
  • the two sets of optical modules 113 and their respective first microdisplays 112A, 112B are arranged in axis symmetry.
  • the microdisplays 112A, 112B provide a side of the display source.
  • the central axis X between the microdisplays 112A and 112B is defined, and the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3 and the fourth optical element L4 of each group of optical modules 113 are sequentially disposed on the micro display 112A or Between 112B and the central axis X.
  • the first aspherical surface F7 of the fourth optical element L4 faces the third lens L3, and the second aspherical surface F9 faces the exit pupil P.
  • the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the fourth optical element L4 each have an optical center, and the optical centers are coaxial with each other and coincide with the optical axis of the optical module 113.
  • the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3 each have a plurality of optical surfaces, and each of the plurality of optical surfaces has rotational symmetry.
  • the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3 respectively include optical surfaces F1 and F2, F3 and F4, F5 and F6 in a direction close to the display axis toward the central axis X.
  • the optical surface All are aspheric.
  • the combination of the first optical module 113A provided by this embodiment can be used to correct spherical aberration, astigmatism, field curvature, and distortion. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, when at least three optical surfaces of the optical surfaces F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, and F6 are aspherical, the first optical module 113A can be implemented under a limited lens combination. The correction aberration is compensated with each other with the second optical module 113B.
  • the light-emitting side of the second optical module 113B is provided with a protective lens.
  • the protective lens 114 can be made of any optical material having a high visible light transmittance, and the surface is plated with anti-fingerprint and scratch-resistant hard film.
  • the protective lens has an optical surface F10 facing the second aspherical surface F9 and an optical surface F11 facing the exit pupil P.
  • the dispersion coefficient of the second lens L2 is smaller than the dispersion coefficient of the fourth optical element L4 and the third lens L3, and the difference is large, and can be used to eliminate lateral chromatic aberration.
  • Z rotational symmetry axis
  • s radial distance
  • C radians (reciprocal of curvature radius)
  • A4, A6, A8 high order aspheric coefficient.
  • the optical module 113 has a focal length f
  • the first lens has a focal length f1
  • the second lens has a focal length f2
  • the third lens has a focal length f3
  • the fourth optical element has a focal length f4.
  • the relationship between the two is satisfied: 2f ⁇ f1 ⁇ 12f, -1.1f ⁇ f2 ⁇ -0.4f, 0.4f ⁇ f3 ⁇ 4.5f, 0.7f ⁇ f4 ⁇ 1.5f.
  • the distance of the optical path of the display source projected to the exit pupil P through the optical module 113 is L
  • the optical path distance L includes: the first distance L1 and the deflection surface F8 projected by the first optical module 113A to the deflecting surface F8 are projected to The second distance L2 of the pupil P, wherein the optical path distance L, the first distance L1, and the second distance L2 satisfy: 0.8f ⁇ L1 ⁇ 1.6f, 0.6f ⁇ L2 ⁇ 1.8f, 1.2f ⁇ L ⁇ 3.4f.
  • the space for accommodating the optical module needs to be relatively reduced, and the optical module 113 provided according to the above embodiment of the present invention is provided. Based on the principle, it can provide an angle of view of up to 40 degrees under the premise of limited accommodating space and guaranteed display quality.
  • the modulation transfer function (MTF) curve provided in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 is used.
  • the full field of view can reach 0.6 or more at 65 line pairs/mm (lp/mm).
  • Table 1 is the display source F0, the exit pupil F12, and the optical data of each optical component provided by the first implementation data, including the type of each optical surface (Surface Type), radius (Raduis), the optical surface on-axis (Thickness), material (Material), wherein the material includes refractive index (n d ) and dispersion coefficient (v d ),
  • Table 2 is the relevant parameters of the aspheric surface associated with Table 1.
  • Table 3 is the optical data of each optical surface provided by the second implementation data, and Table 4 is the relevant parameters of the aspheric surface associated with Table 3.
  • Table 5 is the optical data of each optical surface provided by the third implementation data, and Table 6 is the relevant parameters of the aspheric surface associated with Table 5.
  • the angle between the rays incident on and off the deflecting surface F8, that is, the deflection angle of the deflecting surface F8 is 90 degrees, and a single reflection is employed.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the deflection angle can be flexibly set according to the space provided by the structure and configuration of the specific wearable display device, for example, from 75 degrees to 105 degrees.
  • the deflection surface is arranged to make the internal components of the display device The structure is more compact, making the design of the display device smaller. According to the structure and principle of the optical module of the present invention, those skilled in the art can flexibly change without any creative work, and the conversion still belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the two sets of optical modules 113 can form an angle with the central axis X, respectively, and have an included angle ⁇ .
  • the optical path direction of the first optical module 113A is set to be the first direction D1
  • the optical path direction reflected by the deflecting surface F8 is the second direction D2
  • the second direction D2 is formed with the central axis X.
  • the angle between them is ⁇ .
  • the second direction D2 is the light emission direction of the optical module 113, that is, the angle between the light emission direction of the optical module 113 and the central axis X is ⁇ .
  • the optical angle ⁇ can be in the range of 0 to 9 degrees. It should be noted that the angles shown in the drawings are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit specific angles and directions.
  • the wearable display device 10 is not limited to the specific structure provided by the foregoing embodiment, and the wearable display device may include a set of optical modules provided by any of the above embodiments.
  • the micro display module includes a A microdisplay, a wearable display device that provides a monocular display. It can also include two sets of optical modules, and the micro display module includes a micro display for providing display sources of two sets of optical modules.
  • the micro display can be placed between two sets of optical modules to display The source is respectively projected to the first optical module of the two sets of optical modules, and the second optical modules of the two sets of optical modules respectively change the optical path to the corresponding exit direction according to the virtual image provided by the first optical module.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an embodiment of the optical device 20, which includes two sets of optical modules 213, specifically, the first of each set of optical modules 213.
  • the optical module 213A includes a first through-parallel set with positive power a mirror L1, a second lens L2 having a negative refractive power, a third lens L3 having a positive power, and a second optical module 213B, comprising a first aspheric surface F7, a second aspheric surface F9, and a deflecting surface F8.
  • the fourth optical element L4 having positive refractive power, the deflecting surface F8 is for changing the optical path direction of the first optical module 213A to the exit pupil direction.
  • the first pedestal 21 having the carrying side 211 for fixing the two sets of optical modules 213 is disposed, and the two sets of optical modules 213 are symmetrically disposed along the central axis X of the carrying side 211.
  • the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the fourth optical element L4 corresponding to the two sets of optical modules 213 are sequentially fixed to the first pedestal 21 in the direction of the central axis X along both ends of the carrying side 211, respectively.
  • the carrying side 211 includes a first carrying side 211a and a second carrying side 211b for respectively fixing the two optical modules 213, and the first carrying side 211a and the second carrying side 211b are respectively perpendicular to the central axis X.
  • the horizontal axis Y has an included angle ⁇ .
  • the specific angle ⁇ can be achieved by a base structure design.
  • the first base 211 has a bottom side 212 opposite to the carrying side 211, and has a vertical height between the carrying side 211 and the bottom side 212, and the first carrying side 211a and the second carrying side 211b are respectively adjacent to the fourth corresponding thereto.
  • the vertical height h1 of one end of the optical element L4 is greater than the height h2 of the first lens L1 corresponding thereto, so that the first bearing side 211a and the second bearing side 211b respectively have an angle ⁇ with respect to the horizontal axis Y perpendicular to the central axis X.
  • the optical device 20 realizes the optical inclusion angle ⁇ between the light emission direction and the central axis X through the first bearing side 211a and the second bearing side 211b of the first base 21.
  • the bottom side 212 is a bottom surface parallel to the horizontal axis Y.
  • the first base 211 may have no bottom side 212 or have a bottom side 212 of any shape, as long as the first bearing side 211a and the first The two bearing sides 211b may have a structure having an included angle ⁇ with the horizontal axis Y, respectively.
  • the first pedestal 21 may be omitted, and the deflection angle of the deflection surface F8 may be changed.
  • the two first directions of the two first optical modules 113A D1 overlaps, and the deflection angle of the deflecting surface F8 is 90- ⁇ .
  • the angle between the light emitting direction and the central axis X can also be ⁇ .
  • the optical device 30 includes a second base 32 and a third base 33 respectively fixing a set of optical modules 213 , and a second base 32 and a third base.
  • the seat 33 is symmetrically disposed along a central axis X, and the light exiting direction of the optical module 213 fixed by the second base 32 and the third base 33 respectively has an angle with the central axis X.
  • the second pedestal 32 and the third pedestal 33 respectively have a light-emitting window 34 for projecting the virtual image of the optical module 213 to the display source to the exit pupil.
  • the axis X has an included angle ⁇ , that is, the second base 32 has an angle 2 ⁇ with the third base 33.
  • the second base 32 and the third base 33 have a horizontal distance z2 on the side of the light exit window 34 that is greater than a horizontal distance z1 on the side opposite to the light exit window 34, that is, the second base 32 and the third base 33 emit light.
  • the horizontal distance z2 of the side is greater than the horizontal distance z1 of the side opposite to the light exiting side.
  • the optical device 30 is connected to the angle 2 ⁇ by the second base 32 and the third base 33, and the optical angle ⁇ between the light exit directions of the two optical modules 213 and the central axis X is realized.
  • the wearable display device provided by the present invention includes a micro display module that provides a display source, and the optical module provided by any one of the above embodiments provides the virtual image of the display source to be projected to the exit pupil. .

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Abstract

一种光学模组、光学装置及穿戴式显示装置，其中，穿戴式显示装置(10)，包括：微型显示模组(112)，用于输出显示源；光学模组(113)，用于将所述显示源放大并投射至出瞳(P)，包括：第一光学模块(113A)，包括依序设置的具有正光焦度的第一透镜(L1)、具有负光焦度的第二透镜(L2)及具有正光焦度的第三透镜(L3)，以及第二光学模块(113B)，包括由第一非球面(F7)、第二非球面(F9)及偏转面(F8)组成的具有正光焦度的第四光学元件(L4)，所述偏转面(F8)用于改变第一光学模块(113A)的光路方向至出瞳(P)方向。上述的光学模组（113）采用有限的光学元件实现高质量的显示图像。

Description

光学模组、光学装置及穿戴式显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及光学显示领域，尤其涉及一种适用于近眼显示的光学模组、具有该光学模组的光学装置及具有该光学模组或光学装置的穿戴式显示装置。
背景技术
目前，穿戴式显示设备可以分为穿透式及沉浸式，其中，沉浸式穿戴式显示设备偏重于沉浸的视觉体验，包括提供用户私人影院的高品质体验效果、虚拟场景的真实性娱乐体验等，因此，沉浸式不论应用于何种领域，其对于显示质量的要求都会相对较高。
现有技术及产品中，为了达到较好的显示质量，如大视场、高分辨率的需求，一种方式是通过增加线视场、减小光学模组的放大倍数，以减小畸变等显示问题，来达到显示质量的相对平衡。但该方式下，显示器的尺寸需相对增加，这会导致穿戴式显示设备显示前端的体积及重量增加，对于用户来说其较低的便携性、以及佩戴时较重的负担都会带来不良的体验感受。另一种方式是采用小尺寸的显示器，为了大视场的需求，则需增加多个透镜来提升显示模组的放大倍数。由于放大倍数越高，畸变问题愈加严重，因此需相应增加功能透镜来修正畸变等问题，导致光学模组相对复杂，同样造成显示前端体积及重量的增加。
有鉴于此，需要提供一种相对简化的并且能提供较优显示质量的光学模组。
发明内容
本发明的实施方式提供了一种光学模组、光学装置及穿戴式显示装置，以解决上述背景技术存在的问题。
本发明提供了一种穿戴式显示装置，包括：
微型显示模组，用于输出显示源；
光学模组，用于将所述显示源放大并投射至出瞳，包括：
第一光学模块，包括依序设置的具有正光焦度的第一透镜、具有负光焦度的第二透镜及具有正光焦度的第三透镜，以及
第二光学模块，包括由第一非球面、第二非球面及偏转面组成的具有正光焦度的第四光学元件，所述偏转面用于改变第一光学模块的光路方向至出瞳方向。
本发明还提供了一种光学装置，包括光学模组，该光学模组具有：
第一光学模块，包括依序设置的具有正光焦度的第一透镜、具有负光焦度的第二透镜及具有正光焦度的第三透镜，以及
第二光学模块，包括由第一非球面、第二非球面及偏转面组成的具有正光焦度的第四光学元件，所述偏转面用于改变第一光学模块的光路方向至出瞳方向。
本发明还提供了一种穿戴式显示装置，包括上述任一项所述的光学装置及微型显示模组；
所述微型显示模组用于提供显示源；
所述光学装置包括的光学模组用于将所述显示源放大的虚像投射至出瞳。
本发明实施例提供的光学模组包括依序设置的具有正光焦度的第一透镜、具有负光焦度的第二透镜及具有正光焦度的第三透镜，以及由第一 非球面、第二非球面及偏转面组成的具有正光焦度的第四光学元件，通过偏转面改变第一光学模块的光路方向至出瞳方向。第一光学模块与具有第一、第二非球面的第二光学模块搭配以修正像差，采用有限的光学元件实现高质量的显示图像。
附图说明
下列附图用于结合具体实施方式详细说明本发明的各个实施方式。应当理解，附图中示意出的各元件并不代表实际的大小及比例关系，仅是为了清楚说明而示意出来的示意图，不应理解成对本发明的限制。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种穿戴式显示装置的示意图。
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种光学模组的示意图。
图3为图2一种实施数据下的MTF曲线图。
图4为图2一种实施数据下的像散和场曲曲线图。
图5为图2一种实施数据下的畸变曲线图。
图6为本发明实施例提供的光学原理示意图。
图7为本发明实施例提供的一种光学装置的示意图。
图8为本发明又一实施例提供的一种光学装置的示意图。
图9为图8剖视的原理示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合多个实施方式及附图，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
图1为本发明第一实施例提供的一种穿戴式显示装置10，为了便于 理解本发明原理，该实施例提供一种穿戴式显示装置的示例性结构结合阐述，但本发明并不限于该示例性结构。结合图1、图2、图6所示，该穿戴式显示装置10包括显示装置11，以及显示装置11两端分别延伸连接的耳机装置12，从而用户佩戴时，显示装置11置于用户双眼前，提供近眼显示，耳机装置12佩戴于用户的双耳，提供音频输出。显示装置11包括设置于朝向用户的内侧的两个视窗(未示出)，以及置于其内的微型显示模组112及光学模组113，其中，微型显示模组112用于输出显示源，光学模组113用于将显示源放大并投射至出瞳。该实施例中，微型显示模组112包括两个微型显示器112A、112B，该微型显示器可以为OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)显示器，也可以为LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示)显示器，本发明并不限定微型显示器的类型。相应的，该穿戴式显示装置10包括两组光学模组113，从而两组光学模组113分别将与其对应的微型显示器112A、112B提供的显示源光线通过对应的视窗投射至用户的双眼，即投射至出瞳P，进而使用户看到放大的虚像。
再结合图2提供的光学模组113及微型显示模组的原理图，光学模组113包括第一光学模块113A以及第二光学模块113B。第一光学模块113A包括依序设置的具有正光焦度的第一透镜L1、具有负光焦度的第二透镜L2及具有正光焦度的第三透镜L3。第二光学模块113B包括具有第一非球面F7、第二非球面F9及偏转面F8的第四光学元件L4，其中偏转面F8用于改变第一光学模块113A的光路方向至出瞳方向。
本发明中第四光学元件L4包括但不限于一体成型的第一非球面F7、第二非球面F9及偏转面F8构成的棱镜，或者具有第一非球面F7的透镜、具有第二非球面F9的透镜及具有偏转面F8的反射镜组成。本领域技术人 员根据该原理，可以在不付出创造性劳动下灵活变换第四光学元件的具体形式，该变换仍属于本发明的保护范畴。
该实施例中，每组光学模组113的第一透镜L1设置于靠近显示源的位置，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3及第四光学元件L4于远离显示源的方向依序设置于第一透镜L1之后。具体的，结合图6所示，两组光学模组113及其分别对应的第一微型显示器112A、112B的设置呈轴对称性，该例中，微型显示器112A、112B提供显示源的一侧相对设置，定义出微型显示器112A、112B之间的中心轴X，每组光学模组113的第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3及第四光学元件L4依次设置于微型显示器112A或112B与中心轴X之间。其中第四光学元件L4的第一非球面F7朝向第三透镜L3，第二非球面F9朝向出瞳P。其中，第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3及第四光学元件L4分别具有一个光学中心，各光学中心共轴，且与光学模组113的光轴一致。第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3分别具有多个光学表面(Surface)，且多个光学表面均具有旋转对称性。具体的，第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3沿靠近显示源朝向中心轴X的方向分别包括光学表面F1及F2、F3及F4、F5及F6，较佳的，该光学表面均为非球面(aspheric)。
该实施例提供的第一光学模块113A的组合，可以用于校正球差，像散，场曲，畸变。可以理解的是，其他实施方式中，光学表面F1、F2、F3、F4、F5、F6中至少有三个光学表面为非球面时，即可以实现第一光学模块113A在有限的透镜组合下，可以与第二光学模块113B互相补偿校正像差。
作为较优实施方式，第二光学模块113B的出光侧设置有保护镜片 114，用以保护光学模组113的镜片。该保护镜片114可以采用任何可见光透过率高的光学材料，表面镀防指纹以及防划伤硬膜。具体的，该保护镜片具有朝向第二非球面F9的光学表面F10，及朝向出瞳P的光学表面F11。
较优的，第二透镜L2的色散系数小于第四光学元件L4和第三透镜L3的色散系数，且差别较大，可以用于消除横向色差。
根据非球面的表达公式：
Figure PCTCN2015089484-appb-000001
          ——公式1
其中，Z：旋转对称轴，s：径向距离，C：弧度(曲率半径的倒数)，k：曲面常数(K＝0球面；k>-1椭圆面；K＝-1抛物面；k<-1双曲面)，A4、A6、A8：高次非球面系数。
结合上述光学模组的设置，设定光学模组113具有焦距f，第一透镜具有焦距f1，第二透镜具有焦距f2，第三透镜具有焦距f3，第四光学元件具有焦距f4，则其之间的关系满足：2f<f1<12f，-1.1f<f2≤-0.4f，0.4f<f3<4.5f，0.7f<f4<1.5f。
设定显示源通过光学模组113投射至出瞳P的光路距离为L，该光路距离L包括：显示源通过第一光学模块113A投射至偏转面F8的第一距离L1及偏转面F8投射至出瞳P的第二距离L2，其中，光路距离L、第一距离L1、第二距离L2满足：0.8f<L1<1.6f，0.6f<L2<1.8f，1.2f<L<3.4f。
基于对穿戴式显示装置便携性、轻便性的需求，用于容置光学模组的空间则需要相对缩减，而根据本发明上述实施例提供的光学模组113的设 置原理，可以在有限容置空间内并保证显示质量的前提下，提供高达40度的视场角。作为一种大视场角及高分辨率的较佳实施方式，该光学模组113的视场角为30度时，如图3-图5提供的调制传递函数(Modulation Transfer Function，MTF)曲线图、像散和场曲曲线图及畸变曲线图所示，全视场在65线对/毫米(lp/mm)处时可以达到0.6以上。需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以依据上述光学模组的设置原理，根据产品定位，即所需的视场角、所需的分辨率进行灵活设置而达到产品最优效果。
以下结合两组实施数据加以阐述，其中，表1为第一实施数据提供的显示源F0、出瞳F12以及各光学元件的光学数据，包括各光学表面(Surface)的类型(Surface Type)，半径(Raduis)，光学表面轴上间距(Thickness)，材质(Material)，其中材质包括折射率(nd)及色散系数(vd)，表2为表1相关的非球面的相关参数。
Figure PCTCN2015089484-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015089484-appb-000003
根据表1、表2的数据以及上述公式1可得：f1＝9f，f2＝-0.4f，f3＝0.41f，f4＝1.1f。
表3为第二实施数据提供的各光学表面(Surface)的光学数据，表4为表3相关的非球面的相关参数。
Figure PCTCN2015089484-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2015089484-appb-000005
根据表3、表4的数据以及上述公式1、公式2、公式3可得：f1＝2.3f，f2＝-0.58f，f3＝0.64f，f4＝1.2f。
表5为第三实施数据提供的各光学表面(Surface)的光学数据，表6为表5相关的非球面的相关参数。
Figure PCTCN2015089484-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2015089484-appb-000007
根据表5、表6的数据以及上述公式1、公式2、公式3可得：f1＝2.43f，f2＝-0.63f，f3＝4.3f，f4＝0.77f。
该实施例中，入射及出射偏转面F8的光线之间的夹角，即偏转面F8的偏转角度为90度，并采用单次反射。但本发明并不限于此，即偏转角度可以根据具体穿戴式显示装置的结构、构造提供的空间而灵活设置，比如在75度至105度皆可。该偏转面的设置，可以使得显示装置内部元件 结构更加紧凑，从而使得显示装置的设计可以更加小巧。根据本发明上述光学模组的结构及原理，本领域技术人员可以在不付出创造性劳动下灵活变换，该变换仍属于本发明的保护范畴。
较优的，两组光学模组113可以分别与中心轴X形成一定角度，具有一夹角θ。如图6所示，此处设定第一光学模块113A的光路方向为第一方向D1，经偏转面F8反射后的光路方向为第二方向D2，则该第二方向D2与中心轴X形成的夹角即为θ。在本实施方式中，第二方向D2即为光学模组113的光线出射方向，即是说，光学模组113的光线出射方向与中心轴X之间的夹角为θ。该设置可以有效解决因用户个体差异导致双眼看到的虚像无法重合的问题。较优的，该光学夹角θ可采用0～9度的范围。需说明的是，图示所示的角度仅为示例性阐述，并不用于限定具体角度及方向。
需要说明的是，穿戴式显示设备10并不限于上述实施例提供的具体结构，穿戴式显示设备可以包括上述任一种实施方式提供的一组光学模组，相应的，微型显示模组包括一个微型显示器，即提供单眼显示的穿戴式显示设备。还可以为包括两组光学模组，微型显示模组包括一个微型显示器，该微型显示器用于提供两组光学模组的显示源，例如可以将微型显示器置于两组光学模组之间，显示源分别投射至两组光学模组的第一光学模块，两组光学模组的第二光学模块分别根据其第一光学模块提供的虚像，改变光路至其对应的出瞳方向。
基于上述实施方式对光学模组的原理性阐述，本发明又一实施例提供了一种光学装置20的实施方式，包括两组光学模组213，具体的，每组光学模组213的第一光学模块213A包括依序设置的具有正光焦度的第一透 镜L1、具有负光焦度的第二透镜L2及具有正光焦度的第三透镜L3，以及第二光学模块213B，包括由第一非球面F7、第二非球面F9及偏转面F8组成的具有正光焦度的第四光学元件L4，偏转面F8用于改变第一光学模块213A的光路方向至出瞳方向。该实施例中，还包括具有用于固定两组光学模组213的承载侧211的第一基座21，该两组光学模组213沿该承载侧211的中心轴X对称设置。两组光学模组213对应的第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3及第四光学元件L4分别沿承载侧211的两端朝中心轴X方向依次固定于第一基座21。具体的，承载侧211包括分别用于固定两组光学模组213的第一承载侧211a及第二承载侧211b，该第一承载侧211a及第二承载侧211b分别与垂直于中心轴X的水平轴线Y具有夹角θ。具体的该夹角θ可通过基座结构设计以实现。例如，第一基座211具有与承载侧211相对的底侧212，且承载侧211与底侧212之间具有垂直高度，第一承载侧211a及第二承载侧211b分别靠近与其对应的第四光学元件L4一端的垂直高度h1大于分别靠近与其对应的第一透镜L1一端的高度h2，使得第一承载侧211a及第二承载侧211b分别与垂直于中心轴X的水平轴线Y具有夹角θ，从而该光学装置20通过第一基座21的第一承载侧211a及第二承载侧211b实现了光线出射方向与中心轴X之间光学夹角θ。该示例中，底侧212为平行于水平轴线Y的底面，其他实施方式中，第一基座211可以不具有底侧212，或者具有任意形态的底侧212，只要第一承载侧211a及第二承载侧211b分别与水平轴线Y形成具有夹角θ的结构即可。
可以理解，在其它实施方式中，为了实现光学模组113的光线出射方向与中心轴X之间的夹角为θ，也可省略第一基座21，而通过改变偏转面F8的偏转角度来实现。比如，两个第一光学模块113A的两个第一方向 D1重叠，偏转面F8的偏转角为90-θ，此时也可实现光线出射方向与中心轴X之间的夹角为θ。
作为另一种实施方式，如图8、图9所示，光学装置30包括分别固定一组光学模组213的第二基座32及第三基座33，第二基座32及第三基座33沿一中心轴X对称设置，且第二基座32及第三基座33分别固定的光学模组213的光线出射方向与该中心轴X具有一夹角。具体的，第二基座32及第三基座33分别具有出光视窗34，用以将光学模组213放大显示源的虚像投射至出瞳。第二基座32靠近其对应的第四光学元件L4的一端与第三基座33靠近其对应的第四光学元件L4的一端连接，使得第二基座32与第三基座33分别与中心轴X具有夹角θ，即第二基座32与第三基座33具有夹角2θ。其中，第二基座32及第三基座33具有出光视窗34一侧的水平距离z2大于与出光视窗34相对一侧的水平距离z1，即第二基座32及第三基座33出光一侧的水平距离z2大于与出光一侧相对一侧的水平距离z1。该实施方式中，光学装置30通过第二基座32及第三基座33连接夹角2θ，实现了两组光学模组213光线出射方向分别与中心轴X之间的光学夹角θ。
可以理解的是，本发明提供的穿戴式显示设备，包括提供显示源的微型显示模组，结合上述任一实施方式提供的光学模组，该光学模组实现显示源放大的虚像投射至出瞳。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施方式而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，包括：
    微型显示模组，用于输出显示源；
    光学模组，用于将所述显示源放大并经出瞳投射至用户眼睛，包括：
    第一光学模块，包括依序设置的具有正光焦度的第一透镜、具有负光焦度的第二透镜及具有正光焦度的第三透镜，以及
    第二光学模块，包括由第一非球面、第二非球面及偏转面组成的具有正光焦度的第四光学元件，所述偏转面用于改变第一光学模块的光路方向至出瞳方向。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一透镜靠近所述显示源，所述第二透镜、第三透镜及第四光学元件于远离所述显示源的方向依序设置于第一透镜之后。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一光学模块包括至少三个非球面。
  4. 如权利要求4所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述第四光学元件的第一非球面朝向所述第三透镜，所述第四光学元件的第二非球面朝向所述出瞳。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述第二透镜的色散系数小于所述第三透镜和第四光学元件的色散系数，用于消除横向色差。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述第四光学元件为一体成型的由第一非球面、第二非球面及偏转面构成的棱镜。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述第四光学元件由具有第一非球面的透镜、具有第二非球面的透镜及具有偏转面的反射镜组成。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述偏转面的偏转角度范围为75度至105度。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述偏转面的偏转角度为90度。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述偏转面提供单次反射。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述光学模组定义一个光轴，所述第一透镜、第二透镜、第三透镜及第四光学元件分别具有多个光学表面、及分别具有一个光学中心，其中，所述多个光学表面具有旋转对称性，所述光学中心共轴，且与所述光轴一致。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述光学模组具有焦距f，第一透镜具有焦距f1，第二透镜具有焦距f2，第三透镜具有焦距f3，其中，
    2f<f1<12f，
    -1.1f<f2≤-0.4f，
    0.4f<f3<4.5f。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述第四光学元件具有焦距f4，其中，
    0.7f<f4<1.5f。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示源通过所述光学模组投射至出瞳的光路距离L包括：显示源通过第一光学模块投射至所述偏转面的距离L1及所述偏转面投射至出瞳的距离L2，其中，
    0.8f<L1<1.6f
    0.6f<L2<1.8f
    1.2f<L<3.4f。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述光学模组具有视场角ω，其中，ω<40。
  16. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述第二光学模块的出光侧设置有保护镜片。
  17. 如权利要求1所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述微型显示模组包括两个微型显示器，所述穿戴式显示装置包括两组所述光学模组，分别对两个微型显示器的显示源进行放大及像差校正。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，两组所述光学模组沿一个中心轴对称，并各光学模组的光线出射方向分别与该中心轴具有一夹角。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的穿戴式显示装置，其特征在于，所述夹角的范围为0至9度。
  20. 一种光学装置，其特征在于，包括光学模组，所述光学模组具有：
    第一光学模块，包括依序设置的具有正光焦度的第一透镜、具有负光焦度的第二透镜及具有正光焦度的第三透镜，以及
    第二光学模块，包括由第一非球面、第二非球面及偏转面组成的具有 正光焦度的第四光学元件，所述偏转面用于改变第一光学模块的光路方向至出瞳方向。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的光学装置，其特征在于，所述第一光学模块包括三个或三个以上的非球面。
  22. 如权利要求20所述的光学装置，其特征在于，包括两组所述光学模组，以及具有用于固定该两组光学模组的承载侧的第一基座，该两组光学模组沿该承载侧的中心轴对称设置。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的光学装置，其特征在于，所述两组光学模组对应的所述第一透镜、第二透镜、第三透镜及第四光学元件分别沿所述承载侧的两端朝所述中心轴方向依次固定于所述第一基座。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的光学装置，其特征在于，所述承载侧包括分别用于固定所述两组光学模组的第一承载侧及第二承载侧，该第一承载侧及第二承载侧分别与垂直于所述中心轴的水平轴线具有一夹角。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的光学装置，其特征在于，所述第一基座包括与所述承载侧相对的底侧，且承载侧与底侧之间具有垂直高度，所述第一承载侧及第二承载侧分别靠近与其对应的第四光学元件一端的垂直高度大于分别靠近与其对应的第一透镜一端的高度。
  26. 如权利要求20所述的光学装置，其特征在于，包括两组所述光学模组，及分别固定一组所述光学模组的第二基座及第三基座，所述第二基座及第三基座沿一中心轴对称设置，且第二基座及第三基座分别固定的光学模组的光线出射方向与该中心轴具有一夹角。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的光学装置，其特征在于，所述第二基座靠近其 对应的所述第四光学元件的一端与第三基座靠近其对应的所述第四光学元件的一端连接，使得所述第一基座与第二基座分别与所述中心轴具有所述夹角。
  28. 如权利要求24-27任一项所述的光学装置，所述夹角的范围为0～9度。
  29. 一种穿戴式显示设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求22-28任一项所述的光学装置及微型显示模组；
    所述微型显示模组用于提供显示源；
    所述光学装置包括的光学模组用于将所述显示源放大的虚像投射至出瞳。
PCT/CN2015/089484 2015-09-13 2015-09-13 光学模组、光学装置及穿戴式显示装置 Ceased WO2017041308A1 (zh)

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