WO2017110118A1 - Icp質量分析装置 - Google Patents
Icp質量分析装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017110118A1 WO2017110118A1 PCT/JP2016/068762 JP2016068762W WO2017110118A1 WO 2017110118 A1 WO2017110118 A1 WO 2017110118A1 JP 2016068762 W JP2016068762 W JP 2016068762W WO 2017110118 A1 WO2017110118 A1 WO 2017110118A1
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- gas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/04—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components
- H01J49/0422—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components for gaseous samples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/04—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components
- H01J49/0468—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components with means for heating or cooling the sample
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/10—Ion sources; Ion guns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/10—Ion sources; Ion guns
- H01J49/105—Ion sources; Ion guns using high-frequency excitation, e.g. microwave excitation, Inductively Coupled Plasma [ICP]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ICP mass spectrometer (also referred to as ICP-MS) that performs mass spectrometry by ionizing a sample with high-frequency inductively coupled plasma.
- ICP-MS ICP mass spectrometer
- the ICP mass spectrometer is widely known as an analyzer that can perform multi-element analysis with high sensitivity, and is used for elemental analysis in a wide range of fields (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- FIG. 6 shows the configuration of a general ICP mass spectrometer.
- the ICP mass spectrometer 100 mainly includes a plasma torch 11, a high-frequency power source 12, a sample introduction unit 13, a mass analysis unit 14 including a mass spectrometer, a gas flow rate control unit 15, and an apparatus main body control unit 16.
- the apparatus main body 1 is constituted by these.
- a cooling water system 2 and an Ar gas supply system 3 that are necessary when using the ICP mass spectrometer 100 are connected to the apparatus body 1.
- the apparatus main body 1 of the ICP mass spectrometer 100 will be described in detail.
- the gas flow rate control unit 15 controls the flow rate of the sample gas supplied from the atomizer 19 and the Ar gas for plasma generation supplied from the Ar gas supply system 3 via the gas pipe 31.
- the plasma torch 11 includes a multi-cylindrical reaction tube 17 to which plasma gas (Ar gas) and sample gas whose flow rate is controlled by a gas flow rate control unit 15 is supplied, and a high-frequency coil 18 wound around the outer periphery of the reaction tube 17. I have.
- the high-frequency power source 12 is connected to a high-frequency coil 18, and plasma is generated by ionizing the sample gas by applying a high-frequency voltage to the high-frequency coil 18 with the plasma gas and the sample gas flowing into the plasma torch 11.
- the sample introduction unit 13 is in a reduced pressure state by a vacuum pump (not shown), and sample ions ionized by the plasma torch 11 are drawn from the sample introduction hole along the central axis of the sampling cone 13a.
- the mass analysis unit 14 is maintained at a higher vacuum than the sample introduction unit 13, and the sample ions drawn from the sample introduction unit 13 are subjected to mass separation by the quadrupole 14a and the like, and mass analysis is performed by the ion detector 14b.
- the apparatus main body control unit 16 is composed of an input device (keyboard, mouse, etc.), a display device (liquid crystal panel, etc.), and a computer device equipped with an input / output interface.
- the data detected by the detector 14b is processed.
- the reaction tube 17 of the plasma torch 11 that generates plasma is heated to a high temperature by induction heating.
- the high frequency power supply substrate 12a built in the high frequency power supply 12 also becomes high temperature. Therefore, the sample introduction part 13 except the reaction tube 17 of the plasma torch 11, the high-frequency coil 18, and the high-frequency power source 12 need to be cooled, and by supplying cooling water from the cooling water system 2, the sample introduction part 13 made of copper can be used.
- the sampling cone 13a and the copper high-frequency coil 18 are prevented from being corroded and dissolved, and the high-frequency power supply substrate 12a built in the high-frequency power supply 12 is prevented from being damaged due to heat generation.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a piping system of the cooling water system 2 and the Ar gas supply system 3.
- a water cooling pipe of the cooling water system 2 is connected to a main valve V0 via a flow path 21 from a chiller (water source) 20 having a circulation pump for sending cooling water.
- the downstream side of the main valve V0 is connected to the flow path 22, and the flow path 22 branches into two and is connected to the first intermediate valve V2 and the second intermediate valve V3.
- a flow path (bypass flow path) 23 for connecting to the high frequency power supply 12 is connected to the first intermediate valve V2.
- a flow path (high frequency power supply cooling flow path) 24 for cooling the high frequency power supply 12 (high frequency power supply substrate 12a) is connected to the second intermediate valve V3.
- the flow path (bypass flow path) 23 and the flow path (high-frequency power supply cooling flow path) 24 are for switching the high-frequency power supply 12 so as not to condense, and need to be cooled when the high-frequency power supply is ON.
- the flow path 24 side is opened, the flow path 23 side is controlled to open when the high frequency power supply is OFF and cooling is not required.
- This flow path switching control is performed by the apparatus main body control unit 16 in conjunction with ON / OFF of the high-frequency power supply 12, and is controlled so that one of them is open and the other is closed. Is flowing.
- sample introduction section cooling flow path sample introduction section cooling flow path
- high frequency coil cooling flow path The flow path 26 and the flow path 27 join the flow path 28 again after the sample introduction part 13 and the high frequency coil 18 are cooled, and the flow path 28 is returned to the chiller 20.
- the part that needs to be cooled by the cooling water system 2 in the apparatus main body 1 is referred to as a “structure to be cooled”.
- the sampling cone 13 a of the sample introduction part 13 gradually expands due to the deterioration of the central sample introduction hole due to deterioration over time. Since it has an influence, it can be replaced as a consumable part.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing the sample introduction part 13.
- the sampling cone 13a is integrally attached to the front surface side of the cooling jacket 13b, and the back surface side of the cooling jacket 13b is sealed (not shown) so that the boundary surface with the sample introduction main body 13c is liquid-tight. It is detachably fixed via.
- a cooling channel 13d through which cooling water flows is formed in the cooling jacket 13b, and the cooling water is supplied through a connection channel 13e provided in the sample introduction main body 13c.
- the cooling jacket 13b is replaced. Therefore, when the cooling jacket 13b is removed from the sample introduction body 13c, the cooling water is supplied at the boundary surface between the connection channel 13e and the cooling channel 13d. Will be opened.
- the main valve V0 When the cooling jacket 13b is to be removed in order to replace the sampling cone 13a after flowing the cooling water into the cooling water system 2, the main valve V0 is closed to stop the supply of water, and each of the main valve V0 and subsequent It is necessary to purge in order to drain residual water remaining in the flow path. Therefore, a flow path for supplying purge gas is formed in the cooling water system 2.
- FIG. 7 it branches from the middle of the Ar gas flow path 31 of the Ar gas supply system 3 and is connected to the flow path 22 on the downstream side of the main valve V0 of the cooling water system 2 at the confluence point G.
- a purge gas flow path 32 is formed.
- the purge gas flow path 32 is provided with a purge valve V1 and a check valve GV for preventing a back flow of cooling water.
- the main valve V0 is first closed, then the purge valve V1, the first intermediate valve V2, and the second intermediate valve V3 are all opened at the same time, and Ar gas is purged with the purge gas. Residual water is drained by flowing from the flow path 32 to the flow paths 22 to 28, and then the cooling jacket 13b is removed.
- the water cooling pipe of the cooling water system 2 has a large pipe diameter and relatively low pipe resistance. Therefore, if the purging with Ar gas is continued to drain residual water, the amount of Ar gas consumption increases extremely.
- Ar gas for purging the cooling water system 2 is shared with Ar gas used as plasma gas (Ar gas) or carrier gas for atomizing a sample in the same ICP mass spectrometer 100, or a single gas cylinder (or The gas is supplied from an Ar gas source comprising a liquid cylinder through an Ar gas supply system 3.
- Ar gas source is not used by only one ICP mass spectrometer, but a plurality of instruments (other analytical instruments, film forming apparatuses) Etc.). For example, as shown in FIG.
- the Ar gas source of the Ar gas supply system 3 is not only the ICP mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) 100 but also the second ICP-MS 101, etc. via the Ar gas flow path 31. Ar gas is also supplied to the analysis apparatus 102, the film forming apparatus 103, and the like.
- the present invention provides an ICP mass spectrometer capable of suppressing Ar gas consumption and effectively draining residual water when performing Ar gas purge of the cooling water system of the ICP mass spectrometer.
- the ICP mass spectrometer of the present invention made to solve the above problems supplies Ar gas and plasma gas for plasma generation to a reaction tube of a plasma torch via a gas flow rate control unit that controls the gas flow rate,
- a cooling water system for supplying cooling water from a water source to the structure to be cooled is connected to the structure to be cooled including a power source, the high-frequency coil, and the sample introduction section, and the gas is supplied to the structure to be cooled.
- a gas pipe is connected to the flow rate control unit, and an Ar gas supply system for supplying Ar gas from an Ar gas source is provided.
- a main valve (V0) connected to the upstream side of the water cooling pipe and the water cooling branch through the purge valve (V1) at a position branched from the gas pipe and downstream of the main valve (V0).
- a purge gas passage connected to the pipe so as to join the pipe, and an intermediate valve (V2, V3) connected to the water cooling pipe downstream from the junction of the purge gas passage,
- the structure to be cooled is connected to the water cooling pipe on the downstream side of the intermediate valves (V2, V3), and the original valve (V0), the purge valve (V1), and the intermediate valves (V2, V3).
- valve control unit closes the main valve (V0) and opens the purge valve (V1), and then opens Ar via the purge gas flow path.
- the intermediate valve (V2, V3) is opened and closed intermittently to In (V2, V3) upstream of the are to carry out the intermittent purge control repeating the emission and accumulator of Ar gas.
- the valve control unit when draining the residual water of the cooling water system in maintenance work or the like, closes the main valve and opens the purge valve, and the purge gas is used for water cooling via the purge gas flow path.
- the intermediate valve When the pipe is fed into the pipe, the intermediate valve is controlled to open and close intermittently. Thereby, on the upstream side of the intermediate valve, intermittent purging is performed in which Ar gas accumulation and release are repeated intermittently. Therefore, the purge can be performed so as to intermittently flush with Ar gas accumulated in the pipe on the upstream side of the intermediate valve (at the same level as the supply pressure on the upstream side of the purge valve). Residual water can be effectively drained with the Ar gas. Moreover, since it is not necessary to continuously release Ar gas (not intermittently) as in the prior art, the total amount of Ar gas consumed during drainage can also be reduced.
- a pipe resistance composed of a pipe having the same diameter or a narrow diameter as the pipe diameter of the purge gas channel on the purge gas channel downstream of the purge valve.
- the flow rate flowing through the pipe resistance decreases, so the pressure of the gas flowing in downstream from the pipe resistance decreases.
- the gas pressure of the purge gas on the downstream side decreases, and the flow resistance of the cooling water is large. Will not be able to drain residual water.
- the pressure of Ar gas accumulated on the upstream side of the intermediate valve can be restored to the same level as the pressure in the pipe upstream of the purge valve, even if the pipe resistance is increased,
- the residual water can be effectively purged. That is, not only can the supply pressure fluctuation on the upstream side be reduced by the pipe resistance, but also flushing with Ar gas accumulated on the upstream side of the intermediate valve (to a pressure equivalent to the pressure in the upstream side of the purge valve). Since the purge is performed as described above, the residual water can be effectively drained with a small amount of Ar gas.
- the cooling water system water cooling pipe is configured such that the bypass flow path having the first intermediate valve, the second intermediate valve, and the high frequency power supply flow in series in this order on the downstream side of the merge point of the purge gas flow path.
- the sample introduction unit and the high frequency coil are connected to the downstream side of the bypass channel and the high frequency power supply cooling channel, and the valve control unit performs intermittent purge control.
- the first intermediate valve and the second intermediate valve may be simultaneously opened to perform the control of purging the bypass flow path and the high frequency power supply cooling flow path at the same time.
- the valve controller alternately opens the first intermediate valve and the second intermediate valve one by one so that the bypass flow path and the high frequency power supply cooling flow path May be controlled to be purged one by one.
- the cooling water system in order to prevent condensation of the high frequency power supply, is connected to the bypass flow path so that the bypass flow path and the high frequency power supply cooling flow path are branched, A valve is disposed, and a second intermediate valve and a high-frequency power source are disposed in the high-frequency power supply cooling channel.
- the first intermediate valve and the second intermediate valve are configured such that when the high frequency power is off, the first intermediate valve is open, the second intermediate valve is closed, and when the high frequency power is on, the first intermediate valve is closed, Condensation does not occur by opening the two intermediate valves so that only one of the flow paths is open and cooling water flows.
- the first intermediate valve and the second intermediate valve which have been used by switching the flow path so as to be interlocked with ON / OFF of the high-frequency power source, are used for accumulating pressure for draining residual water. Diverted for use.
- valve control unit when the valve control unit performs intermittent purge control independently of the original opening / closing control linked with the high-frequency power source, the first intermediate valve and the second intermediate valve are opened simultaneously, Control to purge the power supply cooling channel at the same time is performed. Or when a valve control part performs intermittent purge control, it performs control which makes a 1st intermediate valve and a 2nd intermediate valve open one by one alternately. According to the present invention, effective drainage can be performed only by adding a flow (intermittent purge sequence) of intermittent purge control by the valve control unit.
- the figure which shows the piping system of the cooling water system and Ar gas supply system in FIG. The figure which shows an example of the operation
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an ICP mass spectrometer A which is an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a piping system of a cooling water system and an Ar gas supply system 3 in the ICP mass spectrometer A of FIG. is there.
- the description is abbreviate
- the main body control unit 16 composed of a computer device in the conventional ICP mass spectrometer 100 includes the main valve V0, the purge valve V1, the first intermediate valve V2, and the second intermediate valve V3.
- a valve control unit 35 that executes a valve control program that realizes Ar gas purge by opening and closing.
- the valve control unit 35 operates as a maintenance mode in which the main valve V0, the purge valve V1, the first intermediate valve V2, and the second intermediate valve V3 are operated intermittently according to an operation flow described later. Perform purge control.
- a pipe resistor 36 that restricts the inflow of gas is provided in the purge gas passage 32 on the downstream side of the purge valve V1.
- the pipe resistance 36 is selected to have such a resistance that does not cause a rapid pressure fluctuation upstream of the purge valve V1 when the purge valve V1 is opened.
- a pipe having a diameter of 0.5 mm, which is smaller than that, is provided in the middle of the purge gas flow path 32 formed by a gas pipe having an inner diameter of 4 mm. As a result, the pipe resistance of the purge gas passage 32 is increased.
- the time required for pressure accumulation in the above-described intermittent purge control (accumulation time) according to the size of the pipe resistance 36.
- T a waiting time
- the pressure accumulation time T is set to 10 seconds
- the opening time F is set to 5 seconds.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an example of a gas purge operation flow by the valve control unit 35 of the ICP mass spectrometer A.
- the initial value 0 is set to the argument n for counting the number of purges
- the main valve V0 is closed, and
- the first intermediate valve V2 and the second intermediate valve V3 are closed.
- the purge valve V1 is closed from the beginning (ST101).
- the purge valve V1 is opened, and the open state is maintained until a preset pressure accumulation time T (10 seconds) elapses.
- a preset pressure accumulation time T 10 seconds
- the Ar gas in the purge gas flow path 32 is accumulated until it reaches the same level as the pressure upstream of the purge valve V1 (ST102).
- the Ar gas is exceptionally only accumulated in the pipe to the check valve GV.
- the pressure is also accumulated downstream of the check valve GV.
- the first intermediate valve V2 and the second intermediate valve V3 are opened for a preset opening time F (5 seconds), and purge is performed.
- the purge valve V1 is kept open, the Ar gas accumulated in the purge gas flow path 32 is released and flows downstream, and the residual water is drained downstream.
- 1 is added to the argument n of the number of purges (ST103).
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining another example of the operation flow of the gas purge by the valve control unit 35 of the ICP mass spectrometer A.
- the difference from the “operation flow 1” described above is that the first intermediate valve V2 and the flow path (bypass flow path) 23 and the flow path (high frequency power supply cooling flow path) 24 are carefully purged one by one.
- the second intermediate valve V3 is alternately opened and closed. The operation in this case is as follows.
- the initial value 0 is set to the argument n for counting the number of purges, the main valve V0 is closed, and the first intermediate valve V2 and the second intermediate valve are almost simultaneously The intermediate valve V3 is closed.
- the purge valve V1 is closed from the beginning (ST201).
- the purge valve V1 is opened, and the open state is maintained until a preset pressure accumulation time T (10 seconds) elapses.
- a preset pressure accumulation time T 10 seconds
- the Ar gas in the purge gas flow path 32 is accumulated until it reaches the same level as the pressure upstream of the purge valve V1 (ST202).
- the Ar gas is exceptionally only accumulated in the pipe to the check valve GV.
- the pressure is also accumulated downstream of the check valve GV.
- the first intermediate valve V2 is opened for a preset opening time F (5 seconds) and purge is performed.
- the purge valve V1 is kept open, and the main valve V0 and the second intermediate valve V3 are kept closed. Thereby, the Ar gas accumulated in the purge gas flow path 32 is released and flows downstream, and the residual water is drained downstream.
- 1 is added to the argument n of the number of purges (ST203).
- the first intermediate valve V2 is closed while the purge valve V1 is open, and the open state is maintained until a preset pressure accumulation time T (10 seconds) elapses.
- a preset pressure accumulation time T 10 seconds
- the second intermediate valve V3 is opened for a preset opening time F (5 seconds) and purged.
- the purge valve V1 is kept open, and the main valve V0 and the first intermediate valve V2 are kept closed.
- the Ar gas accumulated in the purge gas flow path 32 is released and flows downstream, and the residual water is drained downstream.
- the argument n of the number of purges at this time is left as it is (ST205).
- the main valve V0 When an input operation for starting the maintenance mode is performed by the input device of the apparatus main body control unit 16, the main valve V0 is closed, and the first intermediate valve V2 and the second intermediate valve V3 are closed almost simultaneously.
- the purge valve V1 is closed from the beginning (ST301).
- the purge valve V1, the first intermediate valve V2, and the second intermediate valve V3 are opened simultaneously, and the open state is maintained until a preset opening time F (for example, 30 seconds) elapses (ST302).
- the main valve V0 is kept closed.
- Ar gas continuously flows in, but since the inflow of gas is limited by the presence of the pipe resistance 36, the supply pressure does not drop greatly, and the pressure on the upstream side of the purge valve V1. Adverse effects due to fluctuations can be prevented.
- the first intermediate valve V2 of the flow path (bypass flow path) 23 and the second intermediate valve V3 of the flow path (high frequency power supply cooling flow path) 24 are switched. Even a cooling water system having a simple structure in which one intermediate valve is disposed in one flow path can be applied.
- the pipe resistance 36 is provided in the purge gas flow path 32 to suppress the upstream pressure fluctuation, but instead of this, the intermittent purge control by the valve control unit 35 without the pipe resistance 36 being provided. In the case where only the operation is performed, intermittent pressure fluctuation of the supply pressure on the upstream side occurs, but it is still effective because the fluctuation range of the supply pressure can be suppressed as compared with the conventional purge in the dripping state. .
- the present invention can be used for an ICP mass spectrometer.
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Abstract
Description
ICP質量分析装置100は、主にプラズマトーチ11と、高周波電源12と、サンプル導入部13と、質量分析計を備えた質量分析部14と、ガス流量制御部15と、装置本体制御部16とを備えており、これらによって装置本体部1が構成される。そして、装置本体部1には、ICP質量分析装置100を使用するときに必要な冷却水系2とArガス供給系3が接続されている。
高周波電源12は、高周波コイル18に接続されており、プラズマトーチ11にプラズマガスと試料ガスを流入させた状態で高周波コイル18に高周波電圧を印加することにより、プラズマを発生させて試料ガスをイオン化する。
サンプル導入部13は、真空ポンプ(不図示)によって減圧状態にしてあり、プラズマトーチ11でイオン化された試料イオンを、サンプリングコーン13aの中心軸線に沿って試料導入孔から引き込むようにしてある。質量分析部14はサンプル導入部13よりも高真空に維持されており、サンプル導入部13から引き込んだ試料イオンを四重極14a等で質量分離するとともにイオン検出器14bにより質量分析を行う。
そのため、プラズマトーチ11の反応管17を除くサンプル導入部13、高周波コイル18、高周波電源12については冷却が必要であり、冷却水系2から冷却水を供給することにより、サンプル導入部13の銅製のサンプリングコーン13aおよび銅製の高周波コイル18の腐食や溶解を防ぐとともに、高周波電源12に内蔵されている高周波電源基板12aの発熱による故障を防ぐようにしている。
流路(バイパス流路)23と流路(高周波電源冷却流路)24とは、高周波電源12が結露しないように切り替えて使用するためのものであり、高周波電源がON状態で冷却が必要なときは流路24側を開き、高周波電源がOFF状態で冷却が不要なときは流路23側を開くように制御される。この流路切り替えの制御は、装置本体制御部16により高周波電源12のON/OFFと連動して切り替わるようにしてあり、いずれか一方が開、他方が閉となるように制御されて常に冷却水が流れるようにしてある。
サンプリングコーン13aを交換するときは冷却ジャケット13bから交換するようになっており、したがって冷却ジャケット13bをサンプル導入部本体13cから取り外すときには、接続流路13eと冷却流路13dとの境界面で冷却水の流路が開放されることになる。
ICP質量分析装置が設置される研究施設や工場等のような現場では、Arガス源は、1つのICP質量分析装置だけで使用するのではなく、複数の機器(他の分析機器、成膜装置等)と共用させていることがほとんどである。
例えば、図9に示すように、Arガス供給系3のArガス源は、Arガス流路31を介して、ICP質量分析装置(ICP-MS)100のみならず第二のICP-MS101、他分析装置102、成膜装置103等にもArガスが供給されるようしてある。
したがって、同じArガス源からArガスが供給されている他の装置の動作に悪影響を与えることになる。図9のように2台のICP-MS100、101が共通のArガス源に接続されている環境下では、第一のICP-MS100のメンテナンス作業のために冷却水系2へArガスを供給したときに、同時に第二のICP-MS101で分析を行っている場合には、Arガス供給圧力の低下によって正しいガス流量制御ができず、プラズマが消灯してしまうといった不具合が生じるおそれがある。
さらに、本発明は、冷却水系のArガスパージを行うときに、Arガス源の供給圧力の変動を抑えることができるようにしたICP質量分析装置を提供することも目的とする。
したがって、中間弁の上流側の配管内に蓄圧された(パージ弁上流側の供給圧と同程度の圧力の)Arガスで間欠的にフラッシングさせるようにパージを行うことができるようになり、少量のArガスで効果的に残留水を排水することができるようになる。
また、従来のようにArガスを(間欠的ではなく)連続放出する必要がないことから、排水時に消費されるArガスの総消費量も低減することができる。
これにより、パージ弁を開状態としたときでも、パージガス流路へのArガスの急激な流入を抑制することができるので、パージ弁よりも上流側の供給圧力の変動を極めて小さく抑えることができる。なお、同径のときは流路長を長くすることで配管抵抗を大きくすることができる。
なお、このときの配管抵抗が大きいほど、供給圧力の変動を抑える効果が大きくなる半面、配管抵抗を介して流入する流量が減少するので、配管抵抗よりも下流側では流入するガスの圧力が低下する。もしも、間欠的なパージを行わずに従来同様の垂れ流し状態でのパージを行う場合は、配管抵抗の大きさによっては下流側のパージガスのガス圧が低下し、冷却水の流水抵抗が大きい場合には残留水を排水することができなくなる。
これに対し、本発明によれば、パージ弁を開状態にしたときの中間弁までの流路に、配管抵抗の大きさに合わせてArガスを蓄圧するための時間を十分に確保することで、中間弁の上流側に蓄圧されるArガスの圧力を、パージ弁より上流側の配管内の圧力と同程度に復元することができるので、配管抵抗を大きくしても、蓄圧された圧力によって効果的に残留水のパージ作業を行うことができる。すなわち、配管抵抗により上流側の供給圧力の変動を低減できるだけでなく、中間弁の上流側に、(パージ弁よりも上流側の配管内の圧力と同等の圧力に)蓄圧されたArガスでフラッシングするようにしてパージを行うので、少量のArガスで効果的に残留水を排水することができる。
また、これに代えて、弁制御部は、間欠パージ制御を行うときに、第一中間弁と第二中間弁とを交互に1つずつ開状態にして、バイパス流路と高周波電源冷却流路とを1つずつパージする制御を行うようにしてもよい。
本発明のICP質量分析装置では、高周波電源の結露を防ぐために、冷却水系はバイパス流路と高周波電源冷却流路とが分岐するように流路接続してあり、バイパス流路には第一中間弁を配置し、高周波電源冷却流路には第二中間弁と高周波電源とを配置している。この第一中間弁と第二中間弁とは、高周波電源がOFFのときは第一中間弁が開、第二中間弁が閉となり、高周波電源がONのときは第一中間弁が閉、第二中間弁が開となるようにして、いずれか一方の流路だけが開状態となって冷却水が流れるようにすることで結露が生じないようにしている。
本発明では、結露防止という目的のために高周波電源のON/OFFと連動するように流路を切り替えて使用されていた第一中間弁、第二中間弁を、残留水を排水するための蓄圧用に流用する。
すなわち、高周波電源と連動させる本来の開閉制御とは独立して、弁制御部が間欠パージ制御を行うときに、第一中間弁と第二中間弁とを同時に開状態にしてバイパス流路と高周波電源冷却用流路とを同時にパージする制御を行う。あるいは、弁制御部が、間欠パージ制御を行うときに、第一中間弁と第二中間弁とを交互に1つずつ開状態にする制御を行う。
本発明によれば、弁制御部による間欠パージ制御のフロー(間欠パージ用のシーケンス)を追加するだけで、効果的な排水が可能になる。
図1は本発明の一実施形態であるICP質量分析装置Aの概略構成図であり、図2は図1のICP質量分析装置Aにおける冷却水系およびArガス供給系3の配管系統を示す図である。なお、図6、7で説明した従来のICP質量分析装置100と同じ構成部分については、同符号を付すことにより説明の一部を省略する。
この弁制御部35は、冷却水系2の排水を行うときに、メンテナンスモードとして、元弁V0、パージ弁V1、第一中間弁V2、第二中間弁V3を、後述する動作フローで動作させる間欠パージ制御を行う。すなわち、元弁V0を閉状態にし、パージ弁V1を開状態にしてパージガス流路32を介してArガスを冷却水系2に送るときに、第一中間弁V2、第二中間弁V3を、蓄圧に必要な時間(蓄圧時間T)が経過するまで閉状態を維持してから開状態とし、その後再び閉状態にして蓄圧時間Tが経過するまで閉状態を維持してから開状態にする。このように間欠的に開閉する動作を繰り返して、Arガスの蓄圧と放出とを繰り返す制御を行う。
具体的には、内径4mmのガス用配管で形成されたパージガス流路32の途中に、それよりも細径となる内径0.5mmの配管を、長さ1mの(コイル状の)配管抵抗36として接続することにより、パージガス流路32の配管抵抗が大きくなるようにしてある。
また、パージを行う回数n(後述する動作フロー中の引数nとして使用)も予め設定しておく。以下の実施例では5回パージ(n=5)を行うように設定しておくものとする。
次に、上記した条件下におけるガスパージの動作フローについて説明する。
図3は、ICP質量分析装置Aの弁制御部35によるガスパージの動作フローの一例を説明するフローチャートである。
冷却水系2の排水を行うため、装置本体制御部16の入力装置によりメンテナンスモードを起動する入力操作を行うと、パージ回数を数える引数nに初期値0が設定され、元弁V0が閉じ、ほぼ同時に第一中間弁V2と第二中間弁V3が閉じられる。なお、パージ弁V1は当初から閉じられている(ST101)。
引数nが5になるとST105に進む。
続いて第一中間弁V2と第二中間弁V3も閉じる(ST106)。これにより装置の運転を完了する。
以上の手順により、Arガスの消費を抑えつつ、ガスパージによって有効に排水することができる。
図4は、ICP質量分析装置Aの弁制御部35によるガスパージの動作フローの他の一例を説明するフローチャートである。上述した「動作フロー1」との相違点は、流路(バイパス流路)23と流路(高周波電源冷却流路)24とを1つずつ丁寧にパージするために、第一中間弁V2と第二中間弁V3とを交互に開閉するようにしている点である。この場合の動作は以下のようになる。
引数nが5になるとST207に進む。
続いて第一中間弁V2と第二中間弁V3も閉じる(ST208)。これにより装置の運転を完了する。
以上の手順により、Arガスの消費を抑えつつ、ガスパージによって有効に排水することができる。
以上、本発明の実施形態である2つの動作フローについて説明した。上述した2つの動作フロー1、2では、本発明の2つの目的であるArガスの消費の低減と、Arガス供給系3の供給圧力変動の低減とを実現することができる。
これに対し、後者の供給圧力変動の低減だけを目的とするときは、水冷用配管を流れる冷却水の流水抵抗が小さく、配管抵抗36を通過したパージガスの圧力で排水が可能な場合には、装置構成をより簡単にすることができる。
すなわち、間欠パージ制御を行わずに、パージガス流路32の配管抵抗36を使用するだけで供給圧力変動を低減することができる。このときの参考動作フローを図5に示す。
例えば、上記の実施形態では、流路(バイパス流路)23の第一中間弁V2と流路(高周波電源冷却流路)24の第二中間弁V3を切り替える構造としたが、バイパス流路を設けず、1つの流路に1つの中間弁が配設された簡単な構造の冷却水系であっても適用することができる。
1 装置本体部
2 冷却水系
3 Arガス供給系
11 プラズマトーチ
12 高周波電源
13 サンプル導入部
14 質量分析部(質量分析計)
15 ガス流量制御部
16 装置本体制御部
18 高周波コイル
19 霧化器
20 チラー(水源)
23 バイパス流路
24 高周波電源冷却流路
26 サンプル導入部冷却流路
27 高周波コイル冷却流路
32 パージガス流路
Claims (4)
- ガス流量を制御するガス流量制御部を介してプラズマ発生用のArガスおよび試料ガスをプラズマトーチの反応管に供給するとともに、前記プラズマトーチの高周波コイルに高周波電源からの高周波電圧を印加することにより試料ガスをイオン化させ、発生した試料イオンをサンプル導入部から質量分析計に引き込んで質量分析を行う装置本体部と、
前記高周波電源、前記高周波コイル、前記サンプル導入部を含む冷却が必要な被冷却構造部に水冷用配管が流路接続され、水源からの冷却水を前記被冷却構造部に供給する冷却水系と、
前記ガス流量制御部にガス用配管が流路接続され、Arガス源からArガスを供給するArガス供給系とを備え、
前記冷却水系には、前記水冷用配管の上流側に流路接続される元弁と、前記ガス用配管から分岐し前記元弁よりも下流側の位置でパージ弁を介して前記水冷用配管に合流するように流路接続されるパージガス流路と、前記パージガス流路の合流点よりも下流側の水冷用配管に流路接続される中間弁とが設けられ、
前記被冷却構造部は、前記中間弁よりも下流側で前記水冷用配管に流路接続され、
前記元弁、前記パージ弁、前記中間弁の開閉制御を連携して行う弁制御部を備え、
前記弁制御部は、前記元弁を閉状態かつ前記パージ弁を開状態にしてパージガス流路を介してArガスを送るときに、前記中間弁を間欠的に開閉して前記中間弁の上流側でArガスの蓄圧と放出とを繰り返す間欠パージ制御を行うことを特徴とするICP質量分析装置。 - 前記パージ弁より下流側のパージガス流路上に当該パージガス流路の配管径と同径または細径の配管からなる配管抵抗を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のICP質量分析装置。
- 前記冷却水系の水冷用配管は、前記パージガス流路の合流点より下流側で、第一中間弁を有するバイパス流路と、第二中間弁および前記高周波電源がこの順で直列に流路接続される高周波電源冷却流路とに分岐され、
前記サンプル導入部と前記高周波コイルとは、前記バイパス流路および前記高周波電源冷却流路の下流側で流路接続され、
前記弁制御部は、前記間欠パージ制御を行うときに、前記第一中間弁と前記第二中間弁とを同時に開状態にして、前記バイパス流路と前記高周波電源冷却流路とを同時にパージする制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のICP質量分析装置。 - 前記冷却水系の水冷用配管は、前記パージガス流路の合流点より下流側で、第一中間弁を有するバイパス流路と、第二中間弁および前記高周波電源がこの順で直列に流路接続される高周波電源冷却流路とに分岐され、
前記サンプル導入部と前記高周波コイルとは、前記バイパス流路および前記高周波電源冷却流路の下流側で流路接続され、
前記弁制御部は、前記間欠パージ制御を行うときに、前記第一中間弁と前記第二中間弁とを交互に1つずつ開状態にして、前記バイパス流路と前記高周波電源冷却流路とを1つずつパージする制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のICP質量分析装置。
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