WO2017113878A1 - 一种光信号的传输方法及装置、系统 - Google Patents

一种光信号的传输方法及装置、系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017113878A1
WO2017113878A1 PCT/CN2016/098297 CN2016098297W WO2017113878A1 WO 2017113878 A1 WO2017113878 A1 WO 2017113878A1 CN 2016098297 W CN2016098297 W CN 2016098297W WO 2017113878 A1 WO2017113878 A1 WO 2017113878A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
nrz
electrical signal
optical
electrical
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王传彪
崔振威
曾小军
黄喜
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP16880671.9A priority Critical patent/EP3393060B1/en
Publication of WO2017113878A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113878A1/zh
Priority to US16/023,632 priority patent/US10560209B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/524—Pulse modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2507—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2581—Multimode transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/5161—Combination of different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
    • H04B10/69—Electrical arrangements in the receiver
    • H04B10/697—Arrangements for reducing noise and distortion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/03—WDM arrangements
    • H04J14/0305—WDM arrangements in end terminals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optoelectronic technology, and in particular, to a method, device and system for transmitting optical signals.
  • VCSEL Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
  • DCI Data Center
  • Interference For a conventional non-return to zero (NRZ) modulation system, its performance deteriorates rapidly as the signal modulation rate increases and the length of the fiber transmission length increases.
  • NRZ non-return to zero
  • WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing
  • the sWDM technology can reduce the single-channel transmission rate and the number of fiber resources.
  • some manufacturers use standard QSFP28 to achieve 100GE transmission, that is, sWDM technology realizes short-distance interconnection and 4-wavelength transmission.
  • four wavelengths are 855nm and 883nm respectively.
  • 915nm and 945nm the transmission rate of each channel is 25Gbps, respectively.
  • the transmission system for short-distance interconnection and 4-wavelength transmission can be as shown in Fig. 1.
  • Figure 1 is a transmission system for realizing short-distance interconnection and 4-wavelength transmission in the prior art. Schematic diagram of the structure.
  • the transmitter bit stream is a binary signal carrying information, and the limiting driver is configured to amplify and offset the binary signal to drive a voltage for driving the corresponding transmitter, and the transmitter is configured to convert the received electrical signal into light.
  • Signal, Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing Multiplexer (SWDM) is used to combine 4 wavelengths of optical signals into one fiber link.
  • Wideband OM4 Wideband OM4 (WideBand OM4) is used to complete optical signal transmission, shortwave.
  • the SWDM Demux Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing Demultiplexer
  • the signal is judged to be a binary signal. However, since the four wavelength intervals are small and the number of wavelengths is large, this results in inter-channel interference in the optical fiber when the optical signal is transmitted.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a method, a device and a system for transmitting an optical signal, which can reduce inter-channel interference in an optical fiber when transmitting an optical signal.
  • a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention discloses an optical signal transmission apparatus, the apparatus comprising a short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer for connecting a multimode optical fiber, the apparatus further comprising a signal processor a first linear driver, a second linear driver, a first transmitter, and a second transmitter, wherein:
  • the signal processor is configured to perform bit rate allocation and pattern modulation (such as PAM4 modulation) on the received binary signal of the first bit rate to obtain the first power sent to the first linear driver.
  • a signal and a second electrical signal sent to the second linear driver the first linear driver configured to perform a linear amplification process and an offset addition process on the first electrical signal to obtain the first a third electrical signal of the transmitter;
  • the second linear driver is configured to perform linear amplification processing and offset addition processing on the second electrical signal to obtain a fourth electrical signal for driving the second transmitter;
  • the first transmitter is configured to convert the third electrical signal into a first optical signal and send the signal to the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer;
  • the second transmitter is configured to use the fourth electrical signal Converting to a second optical signal and transmitting to the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer; the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer for multiplexing the first optical signal and the second optical signal to the multimode Fiber optic Transmission, wherein the wavelength of the first optical signal may lambda, the wavelength of the second optical signal
  • the signal processor includes a serializer/deserializer, a first 4th-order pulse amplitude modulation PAM4 encoder, a second PAM4 encoder, and a first a transmitter digital signal processor and a second transmitter digital signal processor, wherein:
  • the serializer/deserializer is configured to perform bit rate allocation on the binary signal according to characteristics of the first transmitter and the second transmitter to obtain a first non-return-to-zero NRZ signal and a second An NRZ signal, a third NRZ signal, and a fourth NRZ signal, wherein a bit rate of the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal is a second bit rate, the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal
  • the bit rate is a third bit rate, the ratio being equal to the second bit rate divided by The third bit rate, the first bit rate being equal to a sum of 2 times the second bit rate and 2 times the third bit rate, the ratio being determined by a bit error rate and a transmission distance, and
  • the principle of determining the ratio may be to ensure that the transmission error rate is minimum when the transmission distance is constant;
  • the first PAM4 encoder is configured to perform PAM4 encoding on the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal to obtain a fifth electrical signal, where the first PAM4 encoder may directly directly target the first NRZ
  • the signal and the second NRZ signal are PAM4 encoded to obtain the fifth electrical signal, and the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal may be forward-corrected and encoded first, and then the PAM4 encoding is obtained.
  • Said fifth electrical signal
  • the second PAM4 encoder is configured to perform PAM4 encoding on the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal to obtain a sixth electrical signal, where the second PAM4 encoder may directly directly access the third NRZ
  • the signal and the fourth NRZ signal are PAM4 encoded to obtain the sixth electrical signal, and the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal may be forward-corrected and encoded first, and then PAM4 encoded. Said sixth electrical signal;
  • the first transmitting end digital signal processor is configured to perform an equalizing operation on the fifth electrical signal to equalize an interference signal in the fifth electrical signal and obtain the first electrical signal;
  • the second transmitting end digital signal processor is configured to perform an equalizing operation on the sixth electrical signal to equalize an interference signal in the sixth electrical signal and obtain the second electrical signal.
  • the ⁇ 1 may be 1310 nm
  • the ⁇ 2 may be 850 nm
  • the first transmitter may be a 1310 nm Direct Modulated Laser (DML), 850 nm Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL, Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting) Laser), and the VCSEL and DML are in one case.
  • DML Direct Modulated Laser
  • VCSEL Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
  • DML Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
  • the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer is a plastic lens
  • the plastic lens may be respectively associated with the VCSEL and the The DML is 45 degrees and can pass the first optical signal of 1310 nm, and cannot pass the second optical signal of 850 nm.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention discloses another optical signal transmission apparatus, the apparatus comprising a short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer for connecting a multimode optical fiber, the apparatus further comprising a first a linear receiver, a second linear receiver, and a signal processor, wherein:
  • the short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer for light of different wavelengths to be received from the multimode fiber Demultiplexing the signal into a first optical signal transmitted to the first linear receiver and a second optical signal transmitted to the second linear receiver; the first linear receiver for using the first Converting the optical signal into a first electrical signal; said second linear receiver for converting said second optical signal into a second electrical signal; said signal processor for said first electrical signal and said The second electrical signal performs equalization and decision processing to obtain a binary signal, wherein the wavelength of the first optical signal is ⁇ 1, the wavelength of the second optical signal is ⁇ 2, and ⁇ 1 is not equal to ⁇ 2.
  • the signal processor includes a serializer/deserializer, a first 4th-order pulse amplitude modulation PAM4 decoder, a second PAM4 decoder, and a first a receiving end digital signal processor and a second receiving end digital signal processor, wherein:
  • the first receiving end digital signal processor is configured to perform digital signal processing on the first electrical signal to obtain a third electrical signal
  • the second receiving end digital signal processor is configured to perform digital signal processing on the second electrical signal to obtain a fourth electrical signal
  • the first PAM4 decoder is configured to perform PAM4 decoding on the third electrical signal to obtain a first non-return-to-zero NRZ signal and a second NRZ signal, where the first PAM4 decoder may first perform the third Performing PAM4 decoding on the electrical signal to obtain the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal, and then performing forward error correction decoding on the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal;
  • the second PAM4 decoder is configured to perform PAM4 decoding on the fourth electrical signal to obtain a third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal, where the second PAM4 decoder may first perform the fourth power Performing PAM4 decoding to obtain the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal, and then performing forward error correction decoding on the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal;
  • the serializer/deserializer is configured to perform a decision process on the first NRZ signal, the second NRZ signal, the third NRZ signal, and the fourth NRZ signal to obtain the binary signal.
  • the ⁇ 1 may be 1310 nm, and the ⁇ 2 may be 850 nm.
  • the short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer includes a first plastic lens and a second plastic lens.
  • the first linear receiver and the second linear receiver may be a Receiver Optical Sub Assembly (ROSA), and the first linear receiver receives the wavelength reflected by the second plastic lens as The first optical signal of 1310 nm passes through the first linear receiver a first photo-diode (PD, Photo-Diode) and a Trans-Impedance Amplifier (TIA) convert the first optical signal into the first electrical signal, and the second linear receiver receives the first The second optical signal having a wavelength of 850 nm reflected by a plastic lens and converting the second optical signal into the second electrical signal by a PD and a TIA in the second linear receiver, wherein the A plastic lens can pass a first optical signal having a wavelength of 1310 nm but cannot pass a second optical signal having a wavelength of 850 nm, and the second plastic lens cannot pass the first optical signal having a wavelength of 1310 nm.
  • ROSA Receiver Optical Sub Assembly
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a method for transmitting an optical signal, where the method includes:
  • the first optical signal and the second optical signal are multiplexed into a multimode optical fiber for transmission.
  • the bit rate allocation and the pattern modulation of the received binary signal of the first bit rate are performed to obtain a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal, include:
  • bit rate allocation on the binary signal in proportion to obtain a first non-return-to-zero NRZ signal, a second NRZ signal, a third NRZ signal, and a fourth NRZ signal, wherein the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ a bit rate of the signal is a second bit rate, a bit rate of the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal is a third bit rate, the ratio being equal to the second bit rate divided by the third bit rate ;
  • the PAM4 encoding is performed on the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal Before the fifth electrical signal, performing forward error correction coding on the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal; and performing PAM4 coding on the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal to obtain a sixth Forward error correction coding may also be performed on the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal before the electrical signal. This can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of optical signal transmission.
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses another method for transmitting an optical signal, where the method includes:
  • the performing the equalization and the determining process on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain a binary signal includes:
  • a decision process is performed on the first NRZ signal, the second NRZ signal, the third NRZ signal, and the fourth NRZ signal to obtain a binary signal.
  • the first non-return-to-zero NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal may also be forwarded.
  • Error correction decoding and after performing PAM4 decoding on the fourth electrical signal to obtain a third NRZ signal and a fourth NRZ signal, performing forward error correction on the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal decoding. This can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of optical signal transmission.
  • the fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a transmission system for an optical signal, which includes the optical signal transmission device disclosed in the first aspect of the present invention, the multimode optical fiber, and the light disclosed in the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Signal transmission device includes the optical signal transmission device disclosed in the first aspect of the present invention, the multimode optical fiber, and the light disclosed in the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical signal transmission apparatus disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention may include a short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, a signal processor, a first linear driver, a second linear driver, a first transmitter, and a second transmitter, and the signal processor is configured to receive The resulting binary signal is subjected to bit rate allocation and pattern modulation to obtain a first electrical signal transmitted to the first linear driver and a second electrical signal transmitted to the second linear driver, the first linear driver for performing linearity on the first electrical signal
  • the amplification processing and the offset addition processing are performed to obtain a third electrical signal for driving the first transmitter, and the second linear driver is configured to perform linear amplification processing and offset addition processing on the second electrical signal to obtain a second emission for driving a fourth electrical signal of the machine
  • the first transmitter is configured to convert the third electrical signal into a first optical signal and sent to the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer
  • the second transmitter is configured to convert the fourth electrical signal into the second optical signal
  • the signal is sent to a short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, and the short-
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission system for realizing short-distance interconnection 4-wavelength transmission in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of still another optical signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another optical signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a method for transmitting an optical signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another optical signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of an implementation of a serializer/deserializer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between a transmitter, a short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, and a multimode optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a linear receiver, a multimode fiber, and a short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a method, a device and a system for transmitting an optical signal, which can reduce the number of wavelengths transmitted in the multimode fiber by means of bit rate allocation of the received binary signal, thereby reducing the fiber for transmitting the optical signal. Inter-channel interference within. The details are described below separately.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmission device shown in FIG. 2 is used to implement generation of an optical signal.
  • the optical signal transmission apparatus may include a short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, a signal processor, a first linear driver, a second linear driver, a first transmitter, and a second transmitter, and the short wavelength division is repeated.
  • the device is configured to connect a multimode fiber, the first transmitter is configured to emit an optical signal of a first wavelength ⁇ 1, and the second transmitter is configured to emit an optical signal of a second wavelength ⁇ 2, wherein:
  • a signal processor configured to perform bit rate allocation and pattern modulation on the received binary signal of the first bit rate to obtain a first electrical signal sent to the first linear driver and a second electrical signal sent to the second linear driver,
  • the binary signal of the first bit rate is used to carry information and is composed of multiple transmit bit streams.
  • a first linear driver configured to perform linear amplification processing and offset addition processing on the first electrical signal to obtain a third electrical signal for driving the first transmitter.
  • a second linear driver configured to perform linear amplification processing and offset addition processing on the second electrical signal to obtain a fourth electrical signal for driving the second transmitter.
  • the first transmitter is configured to convert the third electrical signal into a first optical signal and send the signal to the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, wherein the wavelength of the first optical signal is the first wavelength ⁇ 1.
  • a second transmitter configured to convert the fourth electrical signal into a second optical signal and send the signal to the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, wherein the wavelength of the second optical signal is the second wavelength ⁇ 2, and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 is not It is equal to the first wavelength ⁇ 1.
  • the short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer is configured to multiplex the first optical signal and the second optical signal into a multimode optical fiber for transmission, that is, the optical signal transmitted in the multimode optical fiber is a mixed optical signal of different wavelengths.
  • the device shown in FIG. 2 can reduce the number of wavelengths transmitted in the multimode fiber (by reducing the original four wavelengths to two wavelengths) by ensuring the total transmission capacity without changing the bit rate of the binary signal.
  • the inter-channel interference in the optical fiber transmitting the optical signal can be reduced.
  • only two transmitters of different wavelengths are used in FIG. 2, which reduces the number of transmission channels and saves cost.
  • the signal processor may include a serializer/deserializer (Serdes), a first 4th order pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4, 4Pulse Amplitude Modulation) encoder, a second PAM4 encoder, and a first The transmitting end digital signal processor (TxDSP, Transmitter Digital Signal Processor) and the second transmitting end digital signal processor.
  • Serdes serializer/deserializer
  • PAM4 4th order pulse amplitude modulation
  • TxDSP Transmitter Digital Signal Processor
  • a serializer/deserializer for performing bit rate allocation on the first bit rate binary signal according to the performance of the first transmitter and the second transmitter to obtain a first non-return to zero (NRZ, Non-Return to a zero) signal, a second NRZ signal, a third NRZ signal, and a fourth NRZ signal, wherein a bit rate of the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal is a second bit rate, the third NRZ signal and the fourth
  • the bit rate of the NRZ signal is a third bit rate, the ratio being equal to the second bit rate divided by the third bit rate, and the first bit rate is equal to a sum of 2 times the second bit rate and 2 times the third bit rate,
  • the ratio can be determined according to the bit error rate and the transmission distance, and the determining principle can be to ensure that the transmission error rate is minimized when the transmission distance is constant.
  • the first PAM4 encoder is configured to perform PAM4 encoding on the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal to obtain a fifth electrical signal.
  • the first PAM4 encoder may directly perform PAM4 encoding on the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal to obtain a fifth electrical signal, or may first perform the foregoing first NRZ signal and The second NRZ signal performs forward error correction coding, and then performs PAM4 coding to obtain a fifth electrical signal, which can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of subsequent optical signal transmission.
  • the second PAM4 encoder is configured to perform PAM4 encoding on the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal to obtain a sixth electrical signal.
  • the second PAM4 encoder may directly perform PAM4 encoding on the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal to obtain a sixth electrical signal, or may forward the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal first. Error correction coding, and then PAM4 coding to obtain a sixth electrical signal, which can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of subsequent optical signal transmission.
  • a first transmitting end digital signal processor configured to perform an equalizing operation on the fifth electrical signal to obtain the first electrical signal, that is, equalize the interference signal in the fifth electrical signal;
  • the second transmitting end digital signal processor is configured to perform an equalizing operation on the sixth electrical signal to obtain the second electrical signal, that is, equalize the interference signal in the sixth electrical signal.
  • the first wavelength ⁇ 1 may be 1310 nm, and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 may be 850 nm.
  • the short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer may be a plastic lens, and the positional relationship between the short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, the first transmitter, the second transmitter, and the multimode fiber may be as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a positional relationship between a transmitter, a short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, and a multimode fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first transmitter is a 1310 nm Direct Modulated Laser (DML)
  • the second transmitter is a 850 nm Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL)
  • the VCSEL and the DML are in one Inside the envelope, the DML emits a first optical signal having a wavelength of 1310 nm under modulation of a third electrical signal (such as a current signal) output by the first linear driver, and a fourth electrical signal (such as current) output by the VCSEL at the second linear driver.
  • the second optical signal having a wavelength of 850 nm is emitted under the modulation of the signal, and the first optical signal having a wavelength of 1310 nm and the second optical signal having a wavelength of 850 nm are collimated by the lens and then passed through a plane with the VCSEL and the DML at 45 degrees. After the lens reflection of the plastic lens and the lens are coupled, the first optical signal having a wavelength of 1310 nm and the second optical signal having a wavelength of 850 nm are coupled to the multimode optical fiber for transmission, wherein the plastic lens can make the first wavelength of 1310 nm.
  • the optical signal passes through but does not pass the second optical signal having a wavelength of 850 nm (ie, can only reflect the second optical signal at 850 nm).
  • the coding mapping table of the PAM4 encoder can be as shown in Table 1, wherein:
  • the transmission device shown in FIG. 3 can adopt the PAM4 high-adjustment technology to reduce the number of wavelengths under the same transmission capacity, thereby reducing the optoelectronic device and saving the cost; reducing the wavelength in the multimode fiber by bit rate allocation of the binary signal.
  • the number in turn, can reduce inter-channel interference in the optical fiber that transmits the optical signal.
  • the use of two transmitters reduces the number of transmission channels, thereby reducing crosstalk between transmission channels; using a clock-programmable serial/deserializer based on The performance of the transmitter adjusts the channel baud rate of the transmission channel to optimize the equalization and transmission performance of the device; the wavelength interval of the transmitted optical signal exceeds 200 nm, which reduces the wavelength sensitivity of plastic lenses and other optoelectronic devices.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmission device shown in FIG. 4 is used to implement reception of an optical signal and convert the received optical signal into a binary signal.
  • the optical signal transmission apparatus may include a Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing Demultiplexer (SWDM Demux), a first linear receiver, a second linear receiver, and a signal processor, and the short wavelength wave
  • SWDM Demux Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing Demultiplexer
  • the demultiplexer is used to connect the multimode fiber
  • the multimode fiber is also used to connect the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer in the transmission device shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, wherein:
  • a short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer for demultiplexing mixed optical signals of different wavelengths received from the multimode fiber into a first optical signal transmitted to the first linear receiver and a second optical signal transmitted to the second linear receiver
  • the optical signal wherein the wavelength of the first optical signal is ⁇ 1, the wavelength of the second optical signal is ⁇ 2, and ⁇ 1 is not equal to ⁇ 2.
  • a first linear receiver configured to convert the first optical signal sent by the short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer into the first electrical signal.
  • a second linear receiver configured to convert the second optical signal sent by the short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer into the second electrical signal.
  • a signal processor configured to perform equalization and decision processing on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain a binary signal.
  • the signal processor in FIG. 4 may include a serializer/deserializer, a first PAM4 decoder, a second PAM4 decoder, and a first receiver digital signal processor (RxDSP, Receiver Digital).
  • the signal processor and the second receiving end digital signal processor are shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 5 is a structure of another optical signal transmission device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention. schematic diagram. among them:
  • the first receiving end digital signal processor is configured to perform digital signal processing on the first electrical signal sent by the first linear receiver to obtain a third electrical signal.
  • the second receiving end digital signal processor is configured to perform digital signal processing on the second electrical signal sent by the second linear receiver to obtain a fourth electrical signal.
  • the first PAM4 decoder is configured to perform PAM4 decoding on the third electrical signal to obtain a first non-return-to-zero NRZ signal and a second NRZ signal.
  • the first PAM4 decoder may perform PAM4 decoding on the third electrical signal to obtain a first non-return-to-zero NRZ signal and a second NRZ signal, and then perform decoding on the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal.
  • Decoding to error correction can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of optical signal transmission.
  • the second PAM4 decoder is configured to perform PAM4 decoding on the fourth electrical signal to obtain a third NRZ signal and a fourth NRZ signal.
  • the second PAM4 decoder may perform PAM4 decoding on the fourth electrical signal to obtain a third NRZ signal and a fourth NRZ signal, and then perform forward error correction on the decoded third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal. decoding.
  • serializer/deserializer for performing a decision process on the first NRZ signal, the second NRZ signal, the third NRZ signal, and the fourth NRZ signal to obtain a binary signal and outputting the obtained binary signal, wherein the binary signal is the same
  • the bit rate is composed of a received bit stream.
  • the first wavelength ⁇ 1 may be 1310 nm, and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 may be 850 nm.
  • the short wavelength demultiplexer may be composed of a first plastic lens and a second plastic lens, and the short wavelength demultiplexer, the first linear receiver, the second linear receiver, and the multimode fiber
  • the positional relationship between the two can be as shown in FIG. 12, and FIG. 12 is a line disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first linear receiver and the second linear receiver may each be a Receiver Optical Sub Assembly (ROSA), and the first linear receiver and the second linear receiver are in a single casing.
  • ROSA Receiver Optical Sub Assembly
  • the first linear receiver receives the first optical signal of the wavelength of 1310 nm reflected by the second plastic lens and passes through a photodiode (PD, Photo-Diode) and a transimpedance amplifier (TIA, Trans-Impedance Amplifier) in the first linear receiver.
  • PD photodiode
  • TIA Trans-Impedance Amplifier
  • the second linear receiver Converting the first optical signal into a first electrical signal, the second linear receiver receiving the second optical signal having a wavelength of 850 nm reflected by the first plastic lens and passing the second light through the PD in the second linear receiver and the TIA
  • the signal is converted into a second electrical signal, wherein the first plastic lens can pass the first optical signal having a wavelength of 1310 nm but cannot pass the second optical signal having a wavelength of 850 nm, and the second plastic lens cannot make the first wavelength of 1310 nm.
  • the light signal passes.
  • the decoding mapping table of the PAM4 decoder may be as shown in Table 2 corresponding to Table 1 above, where:
  • the optical path of the first optical signal having a wavelength of 1310 nm is long, the number of lenses passing through is large, and the introduced insertion loss is large, but the corresponding single mode (1310 nm) receiver (first linear receiver) The responsiveness is higher, and the second optical signal having a wavelength of 850 nm has a shorter optical path and only needs to be reflected by one lens, but the corresponding multimode (850 nm) receiver (second linear receiver) has low responsiveness. It can be seen that the reasonable layout of the devices in the optical signal transmission apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention can balance the performance of the single mode (1310 nm) receiver (first linear receiver) and the multimode (850 nm) receiver (second linear reception).
  • the difference in responsiveness of the machine ensures that the amplitudes of the electrical signals output by the two receivers are better at the same power of the receiver, the error characteristics are equivalent, and the wavelength interval of the two optical signals exceeds 200 nm, which is reduced.
  • the mutual interference between the two transmission channels, while the number of optoelectronic devices in the device is small (such as only two linear receivers), saving costs.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmission system of the optical signal may include a transmitting device, a transmitting device, and a receiving device, wherein the transmitting device may include a short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, a first signal processor, a first linear driver, and a second a linear driver, a first transmitter, and a second transmitter, the receiving device may include a short wavelength demultiplexer, a first linear receiver, a second linear receiver, and a second signal processor, the transmission device may be multimode An optical fiber, wherein the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer through the multimode optical fiber, wherein:
  • a first signal processor configured to perform bit rate allocation and pattern modulation on the received binary signal of the first bit rate to obtain a first electrical signal sent to the first linear driver and a second electrical signal sent to the second linear driver a signal, wherein the binary signal of the first bit rate is used to carry information and consists of a plurality of transmitted bit streams.
  • a first linear driver configured to perform linear amplification processing and offset addition processing on the first electrical signal to obtain a third electrical signal for driving the first transmitter.
  • a second linear driver configured to perform linear amplification processing and offset addition processing on the second electrical signal to obtain a fourth electrical signal for driving the second transmitter.
  • the first transmitter is configured to convert the third electrical signal into a first optical signal and send the signal to the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, wherein the wavelength of the first optical signal is the first wavelength ⁇ 1.
  • a second transmitter configured to convert the fourth electrical signal into a second optical signal and send the signal to the short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, wherein the wavelength of the second optical signal is the second wavelength ⁇ 2, and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 is not It is equal to the first wavelength ⁇ 1.
  • the short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer is configured to multiplex the first optical signal and the second optical signal into a multimode optical fiber for transmission, that is, the optical signal transmitted in the multimode optical fiber is a mixed optical signal of different wavelengths.
  • a multimode fiber for transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths (mixed optical signals) received from a short wavelength wavelength division multiplexer to a short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer.
  • a short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer for demultiplexing optical signals of different wavelengths received from the multimode fiber into a third optical signal transmitted to the first linear receiver and a fourth optical signal transmitted to the second linear receiver a signal, wherein the third optical signal has a wavelength of ⁇ 1 and the fourth optical signal has a wavelength of ⁇ 2.
  • a first linear receiver for converting the third optical signal into a seventh electrical signal.
  • a second linear receiver for converting the fourth optical signal into an eighth electrical signal.
  • a second signal processor configured to perform equalization and decision processing on the seventh electrical signal and the eighth electrical signal to obtain a binary signal and output the binary signal.
  • the first signal processor may include a first serializer/deserializer, a first PAM4 encoder, a second PAM4 encoder, and a first transmitter digital signal processing. And a second transmit digital signal processor, wherein:
  • a first serializer/deserializer configured to perform bit rate allocation on the received binary signal of the first bit rate according to performance of the first transmitter and the second transmitter to obtain a first NRZ signal and a second An NRZ signal, a third NRZ signal, and a fourth NRZ signal, wherein a bit rate of the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal is a second bit rate, and a bit rate of the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal is a third bit rate, and the ratio is equal to the second bit rate divided by the third bit rate, and the first bit rate is equal to a sum of 2 times the second bit rate and 2 times the third bit rate, the ratio may be based on the error The rate and the transmission distance are determined, and the determining principle may be to ensure that the transmission error rate is minimized when the transmission distance is constant.
  • the first PAM4 encoder is configured to perform PAM4 encoding on the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal to obtain a fifth electrical signal.
  • the first PAM4 encoder may directly perform PAM4 encoding on the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal to obtain a fifth electrical signal, or may forward the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal first. Error correction coding, and then PAM4 coding to obtain a fifth electrical signal, which can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of subsequent optical signal transmission.
  • the second PAM4 encoder is configured to perform PAM4 encoding on the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal to obtain a sixth electrical signal.
  • the second PAM4 encoder may directly perform PAM4 encoding on the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal to obtain a sixth electrical signal, or may forward the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal first. Error correction coding, and then performing PAM4 coding to obtain a sixth electrical signal, which can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of subsequent optical signal transmission;
  • a first transmitting end digital signal processor configured to perform an equalizing operation on the fifth electrical signal to obtain the first electrical signal
  • a second transmitting end digital signal processor configured to perform an equalizing operation on the sixth electrical signal, to obtain the above The second electrical signal.
  • the first PAM4 encoder and the second PAM4 encoder may perform PAM4 encoding according to the coding mapping table shown in Table 1.
  • the second signal processor may include a second serializer/deserializer, a first PAM4 decoder, a second PAM4 decoder, and a first receiver digital a signal processor and a second receiver digital signal processor, wherein:
  • the first receiving end digital signal processor is configured to perform digital signal processing on the seventh electrical signal to obtain a ninth electrical signal.
  • the second receiving end digital signal processor is configured to perform digital signal processing on the eighth electrical signal to obtain a tenth electrical signal.
  • a first PAM4 decoder configured to perform PAM4 decoding on the ninth electrical signal to obtain a fifth NRZ signal and a sixth NRZ signal.
  • the first PAM4 decoder may perform PAM4 decoding on the ninth electrical signal to obtain a fifth NRZ signal and a sixth NRZ signal, and then perform forward correction on the decoded fifth NRZ signal and the sixth NRZ signal. Wrong decoding, which can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of optical signal transmission.
  • the second PAM4 decoder is configured to perform PAM4 decoding on the tenth electrical signal to obtain a seventh NRZ signal and an eighth NRZ signal.
  • the second PAM4 decoder performs PAM4 decoding on the tenth electrical signal to obtain a seventh NRZ signal and an eighth NRZ signal, and then performs forward correction on the decoded seventh NRZ signal and the eighth NRZ signal. Wrong decoding, which can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of optical signal transmission.
  • a second serializer/deserializer configured to perform a decision process on the fifth NRZ signal, the sixth NRZ signal, the seventh NRZ signal, and the eighth NRZ signal to obtain a binary signal and output.
  • the first wavelength ⁇ 1 may be 1310 nm, and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 may be 850 nm.
  • the short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer may be a plastic lens, and the positional relationship between the short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, the first transmitter, the second transmitter, and the multimode fiber may be as shown in FIG. The embodiments of the present invention are not described again.
  • the short wavelength demultiplexer may be composed of a first plastic lens and a second plastic lens, and the short wavelength demultiplexer, the first linear receiver, the second linear receiver, and the multimode fiber The positional relationship between the two can be as shown in FIG.
  • the optical signal transmission system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the number of wavelengths in the multimode optical fiber by performing bit rate allocation on the binary signal at the transmitting end, thereby reducing the inter-channel interference in the optical fiber transmitting the optical signal, and reducing the interference at the same time.
  • the number of transmission channels which in turn reduces the crosstalk between the transmission channels, and the clock-programmable serial/deserializer at the transmitting end adjusts the channel baud rate of the transmission channel according to the performance of the transmitter to achieve system equalization and Optimized transmission performance; and reasonable placement of devices in the receiver can balance the performance of single-mode (1310nm) receivers (first linear receivers) and multimode (850nm) receivers (second linear receivers)
  • the difference in degree ensures that the amplitude of the electrical signals output by the two receivers is better at the same power of the receiver, the error characteristics are equivalent, and the wavelength interval of the two optical signals exceeds 200 nm, reducing the two transmissions.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an example of a received 100 Gbps binary signal (ie, a transmission bit stream with 4 bit rates of 25 Gbps).
  • the principle of implementing the transmission of the optical signal may be:
  • the first serializer/deserializer allocates bit rates of 4 transmit bit streams with a total bit rate of 100 Gbps in a ratio of 3:2, and outputs 4 NRZ signals with bit rates of 30 Gbps, 30 Gbps, 20 Gbps, and 20 Gbps, respectively;
  • the first PAM4 encoder encodes the NRZ signal with a bit rate of 30 Gbps according to the PAM4 coding mode shown in Table 1 to obtain an analog first PAM4 electrical signal; and the second PAM4 encoder pairs the NRZ signal with a bit rate of 20 Gbps according to Table 1.
  • the PAM4 coding mode is encoded to obtain an analog second PAM4 electrical signal; the first transmitting end digital signal processor adds pre-emphasis processing to the first PAM4 electrical signal to equalize the first PAM4 electrical signal to obtain the first electrical signal.
  • the second transmitting end digital signal processor adds pre-emphasis processing to the second PAM4 electrical signal to equalize the second PAM4 electrical signal to obtain a second electrical signal; the first linear current driver linearly amplifies and biases the first electrical signal Adding, obtaining a third electrical signal for driving the first transmitter; the second linear current driver linearly amplifying and biasing the second electrical signal to obtain a driving a fourth electrical signal of the second transmitter; the first transmitter performs electro-optical conversion on the third electrical signal to obtain a first optical signal having a wavelength of 1310 nm, and the second transmitter performs electro-optical conversion on the fourth electrical signal to obtain a wavelength of 850 nm. a two-light signal; a short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer for multiplexing the first optical signal and the second optical signal into the multimode fiber Line transfer.
  • the short wavelength demultiplexing multiplexer demultiplexes the mixed optical signal received from the multimode fiber into a third optical signal that is transmitted to the first linear receiver and has a wavelength of 1310 nm and is transmitted to the second linear receiver and has a wavelength of 850 nm.
  • a fourth optical signal the first linear receiver and the second linear receiver perform electro-optical conversion on the respective received optical signals to obtain corresponding voltage signals; the first receiving end digital signal processor and the second receiving end digital signal processor pair
  • the received voltage signal is subjected to digital signal processing to slow the interference caused by crosstalk between the decoding, and the first PAM4 electrical signal and the second PAM4 electrical signal are obtained; the PAM4 decoder performs the corresponding PAM4 according to the decoding manner shown in Table 2 above.
  • each PAM4 decoder outputs two NRZ signals; the second serializer/deserializer processes the four NRZ signals into four received bit streams with a bit rate of 25 Gbps and outputs them to an external circuit for processing. .
  • the first serializer/deserializer can perform bit rate allocation on the four 25 Gbps transmit bit streams according to the manner shown in FIG. 10 to obtain two 30 Gbps NRZ signals and two 20 Gbps NRZ signals;
  • the second serializer/deserializer can allocate two 30 Gbps NRZ signals and two 20 Gbps NRZ signals into four 25 Gbps receive bit streams according to the reverse process shown in FIG. 10, wherein FIG. 10 is A schematic diagram of the principle of the implementation of the serial/deserializer disclosed in the embodiment of the invention.
  • the short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer may be a plastic lens, and the positional relationship between the short-wavelength wavelength division multiplexer, the first transmitter, the second transmitter, and the multimode fiber may be as shown in FIG. 11. It is to be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are not described again.
  • the short wavelength demultiplexer may be composed of a first plastic lens and a second plastic lens, and the positional relationship between the short wavelength demultiplexer, the first linear receiver, the second linear receiver, and the multimode fiber As shown in FIG. 12, the embodiments of the present invention are not described again.
  • the number of wavelengths transmitted in the multimode fiber is reduced by means of bit rate allocation, thereby reducing inter-channel interference in the optical fiber transmitting the optical signal
  • the clock programmable serial/deserializer can change the single mode Channel baud rate of the transmitter (first transmitter) and multimode transmitter (second transmitter) transmission channel, which reduces inter-symbol interference for each transmission channel, and the number of optical components is small and the cost is low .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting an optical signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method shown in FIG. 8 can be implemented by the optical signal transmission device in FIG. 2 or FIG.
  • the method for transmitting the optical signal may include the following steps:
  • the first optical signal and the second optical signal are multiplexed into a multimode optical fiber for transmission.
  • performing bit rate allocation and pattern modulation on the received binary signal of the first bit rate to obtain the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal may include:
  • the bit rate is a second bit rate
  • the bit rate of the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal is a third bit rate
  • the ratio is equal to the second bit rate divided by the third bit rate
  • the first NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal may also be forward error-correction encoded; and the third NRZ signal and the third Before the fourth NRZ signal is PAM4 encoded to obtain the sixth electrical signal, the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal may also be forward error-corrected. This can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of optical signal transmission.
  • the first optical signal may have a wavelength of 1310 nm
  • the second optical signal may have a wavelength of 850 nm.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the number of wavelengths in the multimode fiber by performing bit rate allocation on the received binary signal, thereby reducing inter-channel interference in the optical fiber that transmits the optical signal.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another optical signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Among them, the method shown in FIG. 9 can be realized by the optical signal transmission device shown in FIG. 4 or 5. As shown in FIG. 9, the method for transmitting the optical signal may include the following steps:
  • performing equalization and decision processing on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain a binary signal may include:
  • the first non-return-to-zero NRZ signal and the second NRZ signal may also be forward error-corrected and decoded;
  • the third NRZ signal and the fourth NRZ signal may be first subjected to forward error correction decoding. This can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of optical signal transmission.
  • the first optical signal may have a wavelength of 1310 nm
  • the second optical signal may have a wavelength of 850 nm.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种光信号的传输方法及装置、系统，该装置包括短波长波分复用器、信号处理器、第一线性驱动器、第二线性驱动器、第一发射机以及第二发射机，信号处理器用于对接收到的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到发送至第一线性驱动器的第一电信号以及发送至第二线性驱动器的第二电信号。可见，实施本发明实施例能够通过对二进制信号进行比特速率分配的方式降低多模光纤中传输的波长数目，进而能够降低传输光信号的光纤内的信道间干扰。

Description

一种光信号的传输方法及装置、系统 技术领域
本发明涉及光电技术领域，具体涉及一种光信号的传输方法及装置、系统。
背景技术
当前，得益于功耗、成本以及良好对接等优势，垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL，Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser)配合多模光纤进行光信号传输的方式广泛应用于数据中心互联(DCI，Data Center Interference)。但是对于普通的非归零(NRZ，Non-Return to Zero)调制系统来说，其性能随着信号调制速率的增加和光纤传输长度的加长迅速劣化。在总的传输容量不变的情况下，由于增加波长数目可以降低单通道传输速率，波分复用(WDM，Wavelength Division Multiplexing)技术能够在理论上有效提升系统传输容量，如短距离波分复用sWDM技术。
sWDM技术可以降低单通道传输速率以及光纤资源的数目，当前业界有厂家采用标准QSFP28实现100GE的传输，即通过sWDM技术实现了短距离互联4波长传输，其中，4个波长分别为855nm、883nm、915nm以及945nm，每个通道的传输速率分别为25Gbps，实现短距离互联4波长传输的传输系统可以如图1所示，图1是现有技术中用于实现短距离互联4波长传输的传输系统的结构示意图。其中，发射端比特流为承载信息的二进制信号，限幅驱动器用于将二进制信号进行放大并偏置添加用于驱动对应发射机的电压，发射机用于将其接收到的电信号转换成光信号，短波长波分复用器(SWDM Mux，Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing Multiplexer)用于将4个波长的光信号合并到一个光纤链路中，宽带OM4(WideBand OM4)用于完成光信号的传输，短波长波分解复用器(SWDM Demux，Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing Demultiplexer)用于将4个波长的光信号分解到不同的接收机，接收机用于将光信号转换成电信号，符号判决用于将模拟电信号判决成二进制信号。但是，由于4个波长间隔较小且波长数目较多，这导致了在传输光信号时光纤内的信道间干扰。
发明内容
本发明实施例公开了一种光信号的传输方法及装置、系统，能够降低传输光信号时光纤内的信道间干扰。
本发明实施例第一方面公开了一种光信号的传输装置，所述装置包括短波长波分复用器，所述短波长波分复用器用于连接多模光纤，所述装置还包括信号处理器、第一线性驱动器、第二线性驱动器、第一发射机以及第二发射机，其中：
所述信号处理器，用于对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号按照预先得到得比例进行比特速率分配以及码型调制(如PAM4调制)得到发送至所述第一线性驱动器的第一电信号以及发送至所述第二线性驱动器的第二电信号；所述第一线性驱动器，用于对所述第一电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动所述第一发射机的第三电信号；所述第二线性驱动器，用于对所述第二电信号进行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动所述第二发射机的第四电信号；所述第一发射机，用于将所述第三电信号转化为第一光信号并发送至所述短波长波分复用器；所述第二发射机，用于将所述第四电信号转化为第二光信号并发送至所述短波长波分复用器；所述短波长波分复用器，用于将所述第一光信号以及所述第二光信号复用到所述多模光纤中进行传输，其中，所述第一光信号的波长可以λ1，所述第二光信号的波长可以为λ2，且λ1不等于λ2。
在本发明实施例第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述信号处理器包括串行/解串器、第一4阶脉冲幅度调制PAM4编码器、第二PAM4编码器、第一发射端数字信号处理器以及第二发射端数字信号处理器，其中：
所述串行/解串器，用于根据所述第一发射机以及所述第二发射机的特性对所述二进制信号按照比例进行比特速率分配，得到第一非归零NRZ信号、第二NRZ信号、第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号，其中，所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号的比特速率为第二比特速率，所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号的比特速率为第三比特速率，所述比例等于所述第二比特速率除以 所述第三比特速率，所述第一比特速率等于所述第二比特速率的2倍与所述第三比特速率的2倍的和，所述比例由误码率以及传输距离确定，且所述比例的确定原则可以为在传输距离一定的情况下保证传输误码率最小；
所述第一PAM4编码器，用于对所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号，其中，所述第一PAM4编码器可以直接对所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到所述第五电信号，也可以先对所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码，然后再进行PAM4编码得到所述第五电信号；
所述第二PAM4编码器，用于对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号，其中，所述第二PAM4编码器可以直接对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到所述第六电信号，也可以先对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码，然后再进行PAM4编码得到所述第六电信号；
所述第一发射端数字信号处理器，用于对所述第五电信号执行均衡操作，以均衡掉所述第五电信号中的干扰信号并得到所述第一电信号；
所述第二发射端数字信号处理器，用于对所述第六电信号执行均衡操作，以均衡掉所述第六电信号中的干扰信号并得到所述第二电信号。
其中，所述λ1可以为1310nm，所述λ2可以为850nm，所述第一发射机可以为1310nm的直调激光器(DML，Directly Modulated Laser)，850nm垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL，Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser)，且VCSEL以及DML在一个管壳内。
结合本发明实施例第一方面或本发明实施例第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述短波长波分复用器为塑料透镜，所述塑料透镜可以分别与所述VCSEL以及所述DML成45度，且能够使1310nm的第一光信号穿过，不能使850nm的第二光信号穿过。
本发明实施例第二方面公开了另一种光信号的传输装置，所述装置包括短波长波分解复用器，所述短波长波分解复用器用于连接多模光纤，所述装置还包括第一线性接收机、第二线性接收机以及信号处理器，其中：
所述短波长波分解复用器，用于将从所述多模光纤接收到的不同波长的光 信号解复用成发送至所述第一线性接收机的第一光信号以及发送至所述第二线性接收机的第二光信号；所述第一线性接收机，用于将所述第一光信号转化为第一电信号；所述第二线性接收机，用于将所述第二光信号转化为第二电信号；所述信号处理器，用于对所述第一电信号以及所述第二电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号，其中，所述第一光信号的波长为λ1，所述第二光信号的波长为λ2，且λ1不等于λ2。
在本发明实施例第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述信号处理器包括串行/解串器、第一4阶脉冲幅度调制PAM4解码器、第二PAM4解码器、第一接收端数字信号处理器以及第二接收端数字信号处理器，其中：
所述第一接收端数字信号处理器，用于对所述第一电信号进行数字信号处理得到第三电信号；
所述第二接收端数字信号处理器，用于对所述第二电信号进行数字信号处理得到第四电信号；
所述第一PAM4解码器，用于对所述第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到第一非归零NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号，其中，所述第一PAM4解码器可以先对所述第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号，然后再对所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码；
所述第二PAM4解码器，用于对所述第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号，其中，所述第二PAM4解码器可以先对所述第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号，然后再对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码；
所述串行/解串器，用于对所述第一NRZ信号、所述第二NRZ信号、所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号执行判决处理，得到所述二进制信号。
其中，所述λ1可以为1310nm，所述λ2可以为850nm。
结合本发明实施例第二方面或本发明实施例第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述短波长波分解复用器包括第一塑料透镜以及第二塑料透镜。
其中，所述第一线性接收机以及所述第二线性接收机可以为光接收次组件(ROSA，Receiver Optical Sub Assembly)，所述第一线性接收机接收所述第二塑料透镜反射的波长为1310nm的所述第一光信号并通过所述第一线性接收机 内的光电二极管(PD，Photo-Diode)以及跨阻放大器(TIA，Trans-Impedance Amplifier)将所述第一光信号转化为所述第一电信号，所述第二线性接收机接收所述第一塑料透镜反射的波长为850nm的所述第二光信号并通过所述第二线性接收机内的PD以及TIA将所述第二光信号转化为所述第二电信号，其中，所述第一塑料透镜能够使波长为1310nm的第一光信号通过但不能使波长为850nm的第二光信号通过，所述第二塑料透镜不能使波长为1310nm的第一光信号通过。
本发明实施例第三方面公开了一种光信号的传输方法，所述方法包括：
对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到第一电信号以及第二电信号；
对所述第一电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理得到第三电信号，并对所述第二电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理得到第四电信号；
对所述第三电信号进行电光转换得到第一光信号，并对所述第四电信号进行电光转换得到第二光信号；
将所述第一光信号以及所述第二光信号复用到多模光纤中进行传输。
在本发明实施例第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到第一电信号以及第二电信号，包括：
对所述二进制信号按照比例进行比特速率分配，得到第一非归零NRZ信号、第二NRZ信号、第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号，其中，所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号的比特速率为第二比特速率，所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号的比特速率为第三比特速率，所述比例等于所述第二比特速率除以所述第三比特速率；
对所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号，并对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号；
对所述第五电信号执行均衡操作得到第一电信号，并对所述第六电信号执行均衡操作得到第二电信号。
其中，在对所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到 第五电信号之前，还可以对所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码；且对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号之前，还可以对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码。这样能降低误码率，提高光信号传输的可靠性。
本发明实施例第四方面公开了另一种光信号的传输方法，所述方法包括：
将从多模光纤接收到的不同波长的光信号解复用成第一光信号以及第二光信号；
将所述第一光信号转化为第一电信号，并将所述第二光信号转化为第二电信号；
对所述第一电信号以及所述第二电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号。
在本发明实施例第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述对所述第一电信号以及所述第二电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号，包括：
对所述第一电信号进行数字信号处理得到第三电信号，并对所述第二电信号进行数字信号处理得到第四电信号；
对所述第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到第一非归零NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号，并对所述第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号；
对所述第一NRZ信号、所述第二NRZ信号、所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号执行判决处理得到二进制信号。
其中，在对所述第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到第一非归零NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号之后，还可以对所述第一非归零NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码；且在对所述第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号之后，还可以先对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码。这样能降低误码率，提高光信号传输的可靠性。
本发明实施例第五方面公开了一种光信号的传输系统，所述系统包括本发明实施例第一方面公开的光信号的传输装置、多模光纤以及本发明实施例第二方面公开的光信号的传输装置。
本发明实施例公开的光信号的传输装置可以包括短波长波分复用器、信号处理器、第一线性驱动器、第二线性驱动器、第一发射机以及第二发射机，信号处理器用于对接收到的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到发送至第一线性驱动器的第一电信号以及发送至第二线性驱动器的第二电信号，第一线性驱动器用于对第一电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动第一发射机的第三电信号，第二线性驱动器用于对第二电信号进行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动第二发射机的第四电信号，第一发射机用于将第三电信号转化为第一光信号并发送至短波长波分复用器，第二发射机用于将第四电信号转化为第二光信号并发送至短波长波分复用器，短波长波分复用器用于将第一光信号以及第二光信号复用到多模光纤中进行传输。可见，实施本发明实施例能够通过对二进制信号进行比特速率分配的方式降低多模光纤中传输的波长数目，进而能够降低传输光信号的光纤内的信道间干扰。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是现有技术中用于实现短距离互联4波长传输的传输系统的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例公开的一种光信号的传输装置的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例公开的另一种光信号的传输装置的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例公开的又一种光信号的传输装置的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例公开的又一种光信号的传输装置的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例公开的一种光信号的传输系统的结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例公开的另一种光信号的传输系统的结构示意图；
图8是本发明实施例公开的一种光信号的传输方法的流程示意图；
图9是本发明实施例公开的另一种光信号的传输方法的流程示意图；
图10是本发明实施例公开的一种串行/解串器的实现原理的原理示意图；
图11是本发明实施例公开的一种发射机、短波长波分复用器以及多模光纤间的位置关系的示意图；
图12是本发明实施例公开的线性接收机、多模光纤以及短波长波分解复用器间的位置关系的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例公开了一种光信号的传输方法及装置、系统，能够通过对接收到的二进制信号进行比特速率分配的方式降低多模光纤中传输的波长数目，进而能够降低传输光信号的光纤内的信道间干扰。以下分别进行详细说明。
请参阅图2，图2是本发明实施例公开的一种光信号的传输装置的结构示意图。其中，图2所示的传输装置用于实现光信号的生成。如图2所示，该光信号的传输装置可以包括短波长波分复用器、信号处理器、第一线性驱动器、第二线性驱动器、第一发射机以及第二发射机，该短波长波分复用器用于连接多模光纤，该第一发射机用于发射第一波长λ1的光信号，该第二发射机用于发射第二波长λ2的光信号，其中：
信号处理器，用于对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到发送至第一线性驱动器的第一电信号以及发送至第二线性驱动器的第二电信号，其中，该第一比特速率的二进制信号用于承载信息且由多个发射比特流组成。
第一线性驱动器，用于对上述第一电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动第一发射机的第三电信号。
第二线性驱动器，用于对上述第二电信号进行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动第二发射机的第四电信号。
第一发射机，用于将上述第三电信号转化为第一光信号并发送至短波长波分复用器，其中，该第一光信号的波长为第一波长λ1。
第二发射机，用于将上述第四电信号转化为第二光信号并发送至短波长波分复用器，其中，该第二光信号的波长为第二波长λ2，且第二波长λ2不等于第一波长λ1。
短波长波分复用器，用于将上述第一光信号以及上述第二光信号复用到多模光纤中进行传输，即多模光纤中传输的光信号为不同波长的混合光信号。
可见，图2所示的装置能够通过对二进制信号进行比特速率分配的方式保证总传输容量不变的情况下降低多模光纤中传输的波长数目(由原来的四个波长减少为两个波长)，进而能够降低传输光信号的光纤内的信道间干扰，同时，图2中只用到了两个不同波长的发射机，降低了传输通道的数量，节约了成本。
作为一种可选的实施方式，上述信号处理器可以包括串行/解串器(Serdes)、第一4阶脉冲幅度调制(PAM4，4Pulse Amplitude Modulation)编码器、第二PAM4编码器、第一发射端数字信号处理器(TxDSP，Transmitter Digital Signal Processor)以及第二发射端数字信号处理器，此时，该光信号的传输装置的结构可以如图3所示，图3是本发明实施例公开的另一种光信号的传输装置的结构示意图。其中：
串行/解串器，用于根据第一发射机以及第二发射机的性能对上述第一比特速率的二进制信号按照比例进行比特速率分配，得到第一非归零(NRZ，Non-Return to Zero)信号、第二NRZ信号、第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号，其中，该第一NRZ信号以及该第二NRZ信号的比特速率为第二比特速率，该第三NRZ信号以及该第四NRZ信号的比特速率为第三比特速率，该比例等于第二比特速率除以第三比特速率，且第一比特速率等于第二比特速率的2倍与第三比特速率的2倍的和，该比例可以根据误码率以及传输距离确定，且其确定原则可以为在传输距离一定的情况下保证传输误码率最小。
第一PAM4编码器，用于对上述第一NRZ信号以及上述第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号。
可选的，第一PAM4编码器可以直接对上述第一NRZ信号以及上述第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号，也可以先对上述第一NRZ信号以及 上述第二NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码，再进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号，这样能够降低误码率，提高后续光信号传输的可靠性。
第二PAM4编码器，用于对上述第三NRZ信号以及上述第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号。
可选的，第二PAM4编码器可以直接对上述第三NRZ信号以及上述第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号，也可以先对上述第三NRZ信号以及上述第四NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码，再进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号，这样能够降低误码率，提高后续光信号传输的可靠性。
第一发射端数字信号处理器，用于对上述第五电信号执行均衡操作，得到上述第一电信号，即均衡掉上述第五电信号中的干扰信号；
第二发射端数字信号处理器，用于对上述第六电信号执行均衡操作，得到上述第二电信号，即均衡掉上述第六电信号中的干扰信号。
其中，上述第一波长λ1可以为1310nm，上述第二波长λ2可以为850nm。
可选的，上述短波长波分复用器可以为塑料透镜，且上述短波长波分复用器、上述第一发射机、上述第二发射机以及多模光纤间的位置关系可以如图11所示，图11是本发明实施例公开的一种发射机、短波长波分复用器以及多模光纤间的位置关系的示意图。其中，上述第一发射机为1310nm的直调激光器(DML，Directly Modulated Laser)，上述第二发射机为850nm的垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL，Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser)，且VCSEL以及DML在一个管壳内，DML在第一线性驱动器输出的第三电信号(如电流信号)的调制下发射出波长为1310nm的第一光信号，VCSEL在第二线性驱动器输出的第四电信号(如电流信号)的调制下发射出波长为850nm的第二光信号，且波长为1310nm的第一光信号以及波长为850nm的第二光信号通过透镜准直后再通过一个与VCSEL以及DML分别成45度的塑料透镜的透镜反射和透镜耦合后，将波长为1310nm的第一光信号以及波长为850nm的第二光信号耦合到多模光纤中进行传输，其中，该塑料透镜能够使波长1310nm的第一光信号穿过但不能使波长为850nm的第二光信号穿过(即只能对850nm的第二光信号进行反射)。
可选的，PAM4编码器的编码映射表可以如表1所示，其中：
表1PAM4编码器的编码映射表
Figure PCTCN2016098297-appb-000001
可见，图3所示的传输装置能够采用PAM4高调技术实现在同样传输容量下降低波长数目，进而减少了光电器件，节约了成本；通过对二进制信号进行比特速率分配的方式降低多模光纤中波长数目，进而能够降低传输光信号的光纤内的信道间干扰，两个发射机的使用降低了传输通道的数量，进而降低了传输通道间的串扰；采用时钟可编程的串行/解串器根据发射机的性能对传输通道进行通道波特速率的调整，实现装置的均衡和传输性能的最优化；发射的光信号的波长间隔超过200nm，降低了塑料透镜以及其它光电器件的波长敏感性。
请参阅图4，图4是本发明实施例公开的又一种光信号的传输装置的结构示意图。其中，图4所示的传输装置用于实现光信号的接收并将接收到的光信号转化为二进制信号。如图4所示，该光信号的传输装置可以包括短波长波分解复用器(SWDM Demux，Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing Demultiplexer)、第一线性接收机、第二线性接收机以及信号处理器，该短波长波分解复用器用于连接多模光纤，且该多模光纤还用于连接图2或图3所示的传输装置中的短波长波分复用器，其中：
短波长波分解复用器，用于将从多模光纤接收到的不同波长的混合光信号解复用成发送至第一线性接收机的第一光信号以及发送至第二线性接收机的第二光信号，其中，该第一光信号的波长为λ1，该第二光信号的波长为λ2，且λ1不等于λ2。
第一线性接收机，用于将短波长波分解复用器发送的第一光信号转化为第一电信号。
第二线性接收机，用于将短波长波分解复用器发送的第二光信号转化为第二电信号。
信号处理器，用于对第一电信号以及第二电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号。
作为一种可选的实施方式，图4中的信号处理器可以包括串行/解串器、第一PAM4解码器、第二PAM4解码器、第一接收端数字信号处理器(RxDSP，Receiver Digital Signal Processor)以及第二接收端数字信号处理器，此时，该光信号的传输装置的结构可以如图5所示，图5是本发明实施例公开的又一种光信号的传输装置的结构示意图。其中：
第一接收端数字信号处理器，用于对第一线性接收机发送的第一电信号进行数字信号处理得到第三电信号。
第二接收端数字信号处理器，用于对第二线性接收机发送的第二电信号进行数字信号处理得到第四电信号。
第一PAM4解码器，用于对第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到第一非归零NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号。
可选的，第一PAM4解码器可以先对第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到第一非归零NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号，然后再对解码得到得第一NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码，这样能够减少误码率，提高光信号传输的可靠性。
第二PAM4解码器，用于对第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号。
可选的，第二PAM4解码器可以先对第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号，然后再对解码得到的第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码。
串行/解串器，用于对第一NRZ信号、第二NRZ信号、第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号执行判决处理，得到二进制信号并输出得到得二进制信号，其中，该二进制信号由相同比特速率的接收比特流组成。
其中，上述第一波长λ1可以为1310nm，上述第二波长λ2可以为850nm。
可选的，上述短波长波分解复用器可以由第一塑料透镜以及第二塑料透镜组成，且上述短波长波分解复用器、上述第一线性接收机、上述第二线性接收机以及多模光纤间的位置关系可以如图12所示，图12是本发明实施例公开的线 性接收机、多模光纤以及短波长波分解复用器间的位置关系的示意图。其中，上述第一线性接收机以及上述第二线性接收机均可以为光接收次组件(ROSA，Receiver Optical Sub Assembly)，且上述第一线性接收机与上述第二线性接收机在一个管壳内，第一线性接收机接收第二塑料透镜反射的波长为1310nm的第一光信号并通过第一线性接收机内的光电二极管(PD，Photo-Diode)以及跨阻放大器(TIA，Trans-Impedance Amplifier)将第一光信号转化为第一电信号，上述第二线性接收机接收第一塑料透镜反射的波长为850nm的第二光信号并通过第二线性接收机内的PD以及TIA将第二光信号转化为第二电信号，其中，第一塑料透镜能够使波长为1310nm的第一光信号通过但不能使波长为850nm的第二光信号通过，第二塑料透镜不能使波长为1310nm的第一光信号通过。
可选的，PAM4解码器的解码映射表可以为与上表1相对应的表2所示，其中：
表2PAM4解码器的解码映射表
Figure PCTCN2016098297-appb-000002
本发明实施例中，由于波长为1310nm的第一光信号光程较长，经过的透镜数目多，引入的插损大，但是其对应的单模(1310nm)接收机(第一线性接收机)的响应度较高，波长为850nm的第二光信号光程较短，只需经过一个透镜的反射，但其对应的多模(850nm)接收机(第二线性接收机)的响应度低，可见，本发明实施例中的光信号的传输装置中器件的合理布局能够在性能上平衡单模(1310nm)接收机(第一线性接收机)和多模(850nm)接收机(第二线性接收机)的响应度的差异，保证了在接收机相同功率的情况下，两个接收机输出的电信号幅度一致性比较好，误码特性相当，且两个光信号的波长间隔超过200nm，降低了两个传输通道之间的相互干扰，同时，装置中的光电器件较少(如只有两个线性接收机)，节约了成本。
请参阅图6，图6是本发明实施例公开的一种光信号的传输系统的结构示意图。如图6所示，该光信号的传输系统可以包括发射装置、传输装置以及接收装置，其中，该发射装置可以包括短波长波分复用器、第一信号处理器、第一线性驱动器、第二线性驱动器、第一发射机以及第二发射机，该接收装置可以包括短波长波分解复用器、第一线性接收机、第二线性接收机以及第二信号处理器，该传输装置可以为多模光纤，其中，短波长波分复用器通过该多模光纤连接短波长波分解复用器，其中：
第一信号处理器，用于对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到发送至第一线性驱动器的第一电信号以及发送至第二线性驱动器的第二电信号，其中，该第一比特速率的二进制信号用于承载信息且由多个发射比特流组成。
第一线性驱动器，用于对上述第一电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动第一发射机的第三电信号。
第二线性驱动器，用于对上述第二电信号进行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动第二发射机的第四电信号。
第一发射机，用于将上述第三电信号转化为第一光信号并发送至短波长波分复用器，其中，该第一光信号的波长为第一波长λ1。
第二发射机，用于将上述第四电信号转化为第二光信号并发送至短波长波分复用器，其中，该第二光信号的波长为第二波长λ2，且第二波长λ2不等于第一波长λ1。
短波长波分复用器，用于将上述第一光信号以及上述第二光信号复用到多模光纤中进行传输，即多模光纤中传输的光信号为不同波长的混合光信号。
多模光纤，用于将从短波长波分复用器接收到的不同波长的光信号(混合光信号)传输至短波长波分解复用器。
短波长波分解复用器，用于将从多模光纤接收到的不同波长的光信号解复用成发送至第一线性接收机的第三光信号以及发送至第二线性接收机的第四光信号，其中，该第三光信号的波长为λ1，该第四光信号的波长为λ2。
第一线性接收机，用于将上述第三光信号转化为第七电信号。
第二线性接收机，用于将上述第四光信号转化为第八电信号。
第二信号处理器，用于对上述第七电信号以及上述第八电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号并输出。
作为一种可选的实施方式，如图6所示，第一信号处理器可以包括第一串行/解串器、第一PAM4编码器、第二PAM4编码器、第一发射端数字信号处理器以及第二发射端数字信号处理器，其中：
第一串行/解串器，用于根据第一发射机以及第二发射机的性能对接收到的第一比特速率的上述二进制信号按照比例进行比特速率分配，得到第一NRZ信号、第二NRZ信号、第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号，其中，该第一NRZ信号以及该第二NRZ信号的比特速率为第二比特速率，该第三NRZ信号以及该第四NRZ信号的比特速率为第三比特速率，且该比例等于第二比特速率除以第三比特速率，且第一比特速率等于第二比特速率的2倍与第三比特速率的2倍的和，该比例可以根据误码率以及传输距离确定，且其确定原则可以为在传输距离一定的情况下保证传输误码率最小。
第一PAM4编码器，用于对第一NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号。
可选的，第一PAM4编码器可以直接对上述第一NRZ信号以及上述第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号，也可以先对上述第一NRZ信号以及上述第二NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码，再进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号，这样能够降低误码率，提高后续光信号传输的可靠性。
第二PAM4编码器，用于对第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号。
可选的，第二PAM4编码器可以直接对上述第三NRZ信号以及上述第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号，也可以先对上述第三NRZ信号以及上述第四NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码，再进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号，这样能够降低误码率，提高后续光信号传输的可靠性；
第一发射端数字信号处理器，用于对第五电信号执行均衡操作，得到上述第一电信号；
第二发射端数字信号处理器，用于对第六电信号执行均衡操作，得到上述 第二电信号。
其中，第一PAM4编码器以及第二PAM4编码器可以按照表1所示的编码映射表进行PAM4编码。
且在该可选的实施例中，该如图6所示，第二信号处理器可以包括第二串行/解串器、第一PAM4解码器、第二PAM4解码器、第一接收端数字信号处理器以及第二接收端数字信号处理器，其中：
第一接收端数字信号处理器，用于对上述第七电信号进行数字信号处理得到第九电信号。
第二接收端数字信号处理器，用于对上述第八电信号进行数字信号处理得到第十电信号。
第一PAM4解码器，用于对上述第九电信号进行PAM4解码得到第五NRZ信号以及第六NRZ信号.
可选的，第一PAM4解码器可以先对上述第九电信号进行PAM4解码得到第五NRZ信号以及第六NRZ信号，然后再对解码得到得第五NRZ信号以及第六NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码，这样能够减少误码率，提高光信号传输的可靠性。
第二PAM4解码器，用于对上述第十电信号进行PAM4解码得到第七NRZ信号以及第八NRZ信号。
可选的，第二PAM4解码器以先对上述第十电信号进行PAM4解码得到第七NRZ信号以及第八NRZ信号，然后再对解码得到的第七NRZ信号以及第八NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码，这样能够减少误码率，提高光信号传输的可靠性。
第二串行/解串器，用于对第五NRZ信号、第六NRZ信号、第七NRZ信号以及第八NRZ信号执行判决处理，得到二进制信号并输出。
其中，上述第一波长λ1可以为1310nm，上述第二波长λ2可以为850nm。
可选的，上述短波长波分复用器可以为塑料透镜，且上述短波长波分复用器、上述第一发射机、上述第二发射机以及多模光纤间的位置关系可以如图11所示，本发明实施例不再赘述。
可选的，上述短波长波分解复用器可以由第一塑料透镜以及第二塑料透镜组成，且上述短波长波分解复用器、上述第一线性接收机、上述第二线性接收机以及多模光纤间的位置关系可以如图12所示，本发明实施例不再赘述。
本发明实施例公开的光信号的传输系统能够在发射端通过对二进制信号进行比特速率分配的方式降低多模光纤中波长数目，进而能够降低传输光信号的光纤内的信道间干扰，同时降低了传输通道的数量，进而降低了传输通道间的串扰，且在发射端采用时钟可编程的串行/解串器根据发射机的性能对传输通道进行通道波特速率的调整，实现系统的均衡和传输性能的最优化；且接收端中器件的合理布局能够在性能上平衡单模(1310nm)接收机(第一线性接收机)和多模(850nm)接收机(第二线性接收机)的响应度的差异，保证了在接收机相同功率的情况下，两个接收机输出的电信号幅度一致性比较好，误码特性相当，且两个光信号的波长间隔超过200nm，降低了两个传输通道之间的相互干扰，同时，系统中的光电器件较少(如只有两个线性接收机以及两个发射机等)，节约了成本。
请参阅图7，图7是本发明实施例公开的另一种光信号的传输系统的结构示意图。图7是以接收到的100Gbps的二进制信号(即4个比特速率均为25Gbps的发射比特流)为例进行说明。如图7所示，其实现光信号的传输的原理可以为：
第一串行/解串器将总比特速率为100Gbps的4个发射比特流按照3:2的比例进行比特速率的分配，输出4路比特速率分别为30Gbps、30Gbps、20Gbps以及20Gbps的NRZ信号；第一PAM4编码器对比特速率为30Gbps的NRZ信号按照表1所示的PAM4编码方式进行编码，得到模拟的第一PAM4电信号；第二PAM4编码器对比特速率为20Gbps的NRZ信号按照表1所示的PAM4编码方式进行编码，得到模拟的第二PAM4电信号；第一发射端数字信号处理器对第一PAM4电信号进行添加预加重处理，以均衡第一PAM4电信号得到第一电信号；第二发射端数字信号处理器对第二PAM4电信号进行添加预加重处理，以均衡第二PAM4电信号得到第二电信号；第一线性电流驱动器对第一电信号进行线性放大及偏置添加，得到用于驱动第一发射机的第三电信号；第二线性电流驱动器对第二电信号进行线性放大及偏置添加，得到用于驱动第二发射机的第四电信号；第一发射机对第三电信号进行电光转换得到波长为1310nm的第一光信号，第二发射机对第四电信号进行电光转换得到波长为850nm的第二光信号；短波长波分复用器用于将第一光信号以及第二光信号复用到多模光纤中进 行传输。
短波长波分解复用器将从多模光纤接收到的混合光信号解复用成发送至第一线性接收机且波长为1310nm的第三光信号以及发送至第二线性接收机且波长为850nm的第四光信号；第一线性接收机以及第二线性接收机对各自接收到的光信号进行电光转换得到对应的电压信号；第一接收端数字信号处理器以及第二接收端数字信号处理器对接收到的电压信号进行数字信号处理，以缓解码间串扰带来的干扰，得到第一PAM4电信号以及第二PAM4电信号；PAM4解码器按照上表2所示的解码方式对对应的PAM4电信号进行解码，且每个PAM4解码器均输出两路NRZ信号；第二串行/解串器将四路NRZ信号处理成4路比特速率分别为25Gbps的接收比特流，并输出给外部电路处理。
其中，在发射端，第一串行/解串器可以按照图10所示的方式对4路25Gbps发射比特流进行比特速率分配得到2路30Gbps的NRZ信号以及2路20Gbps的NRZ信号；在接收端，第二串行/解串器可以按照与图10所示的相反的过程将2路30Gbps的NRZ信号以及2路20Gbps的NRZ信号分配成4路25Gbps接收比特流，其中，图10是本发明实施例公开的一种串行/解串器的实现原理的原理示意图。
需要说明的是，上述短波长波分复用器可以为塑料透镜，且上述短波长波分复用器、上述第一发射机、上述第二发射机以及多模光纤间的位置关系可以如图11所示，本发明实施例不再赘述。上述短波长波分解复用器可以由第一塑料透镜以及第二塑料透镜组成，且上述短波长波分解复用器、上述第一线性接收机、上述第二线性接收机以及多模光纤间的位置关系可以如图12所示，本发明实施例不再赘述。
本发明实施例通过比特速率分配的方式降低多模光纤中传输的波长数目，进而能够降低传输光信号的光纤内的信道间干扰，且采用时钟可编程的串行/解串器能够改变单模发射机(第一发射机)以及多模发射机(第二发射机)的传输通道的通道波特速率，这降低了每个传输通道的码间干扰，且光器件数量较少，成本较低。
请参阅图8，图8是本发明实施例公开的一种光信号的传输方法的流程示意 图。其中，图8所示的方法可以由图2或图3中的光信号的传输装置实现。如图8所示，该光信号的传输方法可以包括以下步骤：
S801、对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到第一电信号以及第二电信号。
S802、对上述第一电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理得到第三电信号，并对上述第二电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理得到第四电信号。
S803、将上述第三电信号进行电光转换得到第一光信号，并对上述第四电信号进行电光转换得到第二光信号。
S804、将上述第一光信号以及上述第二光信号复用到多模光纤中进行传输。
可选的，对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到第一电信号以及第二电信号可以包括：
对上述第一比特速率的二进制信号按照比例进行比特速率分配，得到第一NRZ信号、第二NRZ信号、第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号，其中，该第一NRZ信号以及该第二NRZ信号的比特速率为第二比特速率，该第三NRZ信号以及上述第四NRZ信号的比特速率为第三比特速率，且该比例等于第二比特速率除以第三比特速率；
对该第一NRZ信号以及该第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号，并对该第三NRZ信号以及该第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号；
对该第五电信号执行均衡操作得到第一电信号，并对该第六电信号执行均衡操作得到第二电信号。
其中，在对第一NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号之前，还可以对第一NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码；且对第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号之前，还可以对第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号进行前向纠错编码。这样能降低误码率，提高光信号传输的可靠性。
其中，上述第一光信号的波长可以为1310nm，上述第二光信号的波长可以为850nm。
可见，实施本发明实施例能够通过对接收到的二进制信号进行比特速率分配的方式降低多模光纤中波长数目，进而能够降低传输光信号的光纤内的信道间干扰。
请参阅图9，图9是本发明实施例公开的另一种光信号的传输方法的流程示意图。其中，图9所示的方法可以由图4或图5所示的光信号的传输装置实现。如图9所示，该光信号的传输方法可以包括以下步骤：
S901、将从多模光纤接收到的不同波长的光信号解复用成第一光信号以及第二光信号。
S902、将上述第一光信号转化为第一电信号，并将上述第二光信号转化为第二电信号。
S903、对上述第一电信号以及上述第二电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号。
可选的，对上述第一电信号以及上述第二电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号可以包括：
对上述第一电信号进行数字信号处理得到第三电信号，并对上述第二电信号进行数字信号处理得到第四电信号；
对该第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到第一NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号，并对该第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号；
对该第一NRZ信号、该第二NRZ信号、该第三NRZ信号以及该第四NRZ信号执行判决处理得到二进制信号。
其中，在对第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到第一非归零NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号之后，还可以对第一非归零NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码；且在对第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号之后，还可以先对第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号进行前向纠错解码。这样能降低误码率，提高光信号传输的可靠性。
其中，上述第一光信号的波长可以为1310nm，上述第二光信号的波长可以为850nm。
可见，实施本发明实施例能够降低了两个光信号的传输通道之间的相互干 扰，提高光信号的传输性能。
需要说明的是，在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详细描述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。其次，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例，所涉及的动作和器件并不一定是本发明所必须的。
本发明实施例方法中的步骤可以根据实际需要进行顺序调整、合并和删减。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的一种光信号的传输方法及装置、系统进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体实例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种光信号的传输装置，所述装置包括短波长波分复用器，所述短波长波分复用器用于连接多模光纤，其特征在于，所述装置还包括信号处理器、第一线性驱动器、第二线性驱动器、第一发射机以及第二发射机，其中：
    所述信号处理器，用于对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到发送至所述第一线性驱动器的第一电信号以及发送至所述第二线性驱动器的第二电信号；所述第一线性驱动器，用于对所述第一电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动所述第一发射机的第三电信号；所述第二线性驱动器，用于对所述第二电信号进行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理，得到用于驱动所述第二发射机的第四电信号；所述第一发射机，用于将所述第三电信号转化为第一光信号并发送至所述短波长波分复用器；所述第二发射机，用于将所述第四电信号转化为第二光信号并发送至所述短波长波分复用器；所述短波长波分复用器，用于将所述第一光信号以及所述第二光信号复用到所述多模光纤中进行传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述信号处理器包括串行/解串器、第一4阶脉冲幅度调制PAM4编码器、第二PAM4编码器、第一发射端数字信号处理器以及第二发射端数字信号处理器，其中：
    所述串行/解串器，用于对所述二进制信号按照比例进行比特速率分配，得到第一非归零NRZ信号、第二NRZ信号、第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号，其中，所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号的比特速率为第二比特速率，所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号的比特速率为第三比特速率，所述比例等于所述第二比特速率除以所述第三比特速率；
    所述第一PAM4编码器，用于对所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号；
    所述第二PAM4编码器，用于对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号；
    所述第一发射端数字信号处理器，用于对所述第五电信号执行均衡操作，得到所述第一电信号；
    所述第二发射端数字信号处理器，用于对所述第六电信号执行均衡操作，得到所述第二电信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述短波长波分复用器为塑料透镜。
  4. 一种光信号的传输装置，所述装置包括短波长波分解复用器，所述短波长波分解复用器用于连接多模光纤，其特征在于，所述装置还包括第一线性接收机、第二线性接收机以及信号处理器，其中：
    所述短波长波分解复用器，用于将从所述多模光纤接收到的不同波长的光信号解复用成发送至所述第一线性接收机的第一光信号以及发送至所述第二线性接收机的第二光信号；所述第一线性接收机，用于将所述第一光信号转化为第一电信号；所述第二线性接收机，用于将所述第二光信号转化为第二电信号；所述信号处理器，用于对所述第一电信号以及所述第二电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述信号处理器包括串行/解串器、第一4阶脉冲幅度调制PAM4解码器、第二PAM4解码器、第一接收端数字信号处理器以及第二接收端数字信号处理器，其中：
    所述第一接收端数字信号处理器，用于对所述第一电信号进行数字信号处理得到第三电信号；
    所述第二接收端数字信号处理器，用于对所述第二电信号进行数字信号处理得到第四电信号；
    所述第一PAM4解码器，用于对所述第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到第一非归零NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号；
    所述第二PAM4解码器，用于对所述第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号；
    所述串行/解串器，用于对所述第一NRZ信号、所述第二NRZ信号、所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号执行判决处理，得到所述二进制信号。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述短波长波分解复用器包括第一塑料透镜以及第二塑料透镜。
  7. 一种光信号的传输方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到第一电信号以及第二电信号；
    对所述第一电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理得到第三电信号，并对所述第二电信号执行线性放大处理以及偏置添加处理得到第四电信号；
    对所述第三电信号进行电光转换得到第一光信号，并对所述第四电信号进行电光转换得到第二光信号；
    将所述第一光信号以及所述第二光信号复用到多模光纤中进行传输。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述对接收到的第一比特速率的二进制信号进行比特速率分配以及码型调制得到第一电信号以及第二电信号，包括：
    对所述二进制信号按照比例进行比特速率分配，得到第一非归零NRZ信号、第二NRZ信号、第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号，其中，所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号的比特速率为第二比特速率，所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号的比特速率为第三比特速率，所述比例等于所述第二比特速率除以所述第三比特速率；
    对所述第一NRZ信号以及所述第二NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第五电信号，并对所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号进行PAM4编码得到第六电信号；
    对所述第五电信号执行均衡操作得到第一电信号，并对所述第六电信号执行均衡操作得到第二电信号。
  9. 一种光信号的传输方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    将从多模光纤接收到的不同波长的光信号解复用成第一光信号以及第二光信号；
    将所述第一光信号转化为第一电信号，并将所述第二光信号转化为第二电信号；
    对所述第一电信号以及所述第二电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述对所述第一电信号以及所述第二电信号执行均衡和判决处理得到二进制信号，包括：
    对所述第一电信号进行数字信号处理得到第三电信号，并对所述第二电信号进行数字信号处理得到第四电信号；
    对所述第三电信号进行PAM4解码得到第一非归零NRZ信号以及第二NRZ信号，并对所述第四电信号进行PAM4解码得到第三NRZ信号以及第四NRZ信号；
    对所述第一NRZ信号、所述第二NRZ信号、所述第三NRZ信号以及所述第四NRZ信号执行判决处理得到二进制信号。
  11. 一种光信号的传输系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括如权利要求1-3任一项所述的装置、多模光纤以及如权利要求4-6任一项所述的装置。
PCT/CN2016/098297 2015-12-30 2016-09-07 一种光信号的传输方法及装置、系统 Ceased WO2017113878A1 (zh)

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