WO2017158740A1 - 共役ジエン化合物と芳香族ビニル化合物の共重合体の分析方法 - Google Patents
共役ジエン化合物と芳香族ビニル化合物の共重合体の分析方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017158740A1 WO2017158740A1 PCT/JP2016/058207 JP2016058207W WO2017158740A1 WO 2017158740 A1 WO2017158740 A1 WO 2017158740A1 JP 2016058207 W JP2016058207 W JP 2016058207W WO 2017158740 A1 WO2017158740 A1 WO 2017158740A1
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- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
- B01D15/18—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns
- B01D15/1864—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns using two or more columns
- B01D15/1871—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns using two or more columns placed in series
- B01D15/1878—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns using two or more columns placed in series for multi-dimensional chromatography
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/12—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/10—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated with vinyl-aromatic monomers
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- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
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- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
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- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/60—Construction of the column
- G01N30/6034—Construction of the column joining multiple columns
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/62—Detectors specially adapted therefor
- G01N30/72—Mass spectrometers
- G01N30/7233—Mass spectrometers interfaced to liquid or supercritical fluid chromatograph
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/88—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N2030/022—Column chromatography characterised by the kind of separation mechanism
- G01N2030/027—Liquid chromatography
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for analyzing a copolymer of a conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer, and more particularly, to a method for analyzing styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) used as a material for industrial articles such as automobile tires and vibration-proof rubbers. .
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- Automotive tires are composed of parts such as carcass, inner liner, bead wire, tread compound, etc., and materials suitable for their functions are selected as the material of each part.
- the tread compound located at the outermost periphery of the tire is involved in the driving performance of the vehicle, such as the braking performance and rolling resistance of the tire, so the selection of the appropriate material is important in terms of improving the driving performance of the vehicle.
- Tread compound materials usually contain polymers, fillers, softeners, etc. Among them, it is said that the physical properties of polymers, which account for about 40% of the total materials, are related to the running performance of the tire.
- Styrene butadiene rubber which is a copolymer of styrene and 1,3-butadiene, is widely used as a tread compound material for automobile tires because of its excellent heat resistance, wear resistance, mechanical strength, and the like. Yes. Since SBR has a characteristic chain structure in which many styrene, cis and trans 1,4-butadiene and vinyl are connected in a straight chain, the performance of the tread compound can be improved by analyzing the chain structure of SBR. A method of evaluation is being sought.
- Examples of methods for analyzing the structure of organic compounds include infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and chromatography.
- infrared spectroscopy can easily measure the amount of styrene, vinyl, cis-type and trans-type butadiene contained in SBR, but can only acquire unit information of monomers.
- NMR spectroscopy although information on the structure at the atomic level can be obtained, analysis of the SBR chain structure takes time because the information is too complex.
- GC pyrolysis gas chromatography
- One of the indexes representing rubber performance is the glass transition point (Tg).
- Tg glass transition point
- SBR glass transition point
- the chain component composed of components derived from styrene by the ozonolysis reaction the chain component composed of components derived from vinyl
- styrene There has been proposed a method of decomposing a chain component composed of a component derived from the above and a component derived from vinyl, and analyzing these chain components by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) (Non-patent Document 1).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to analyze all components obtained by ozonolysis of a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound.
- the present invention made to solve the above problems is a method for analyzing a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound, a) producing a plurality of types of polyhydric alcohol compounds by ozonolysis of the copolymer; b) separating the sample solution containing the plurality of types of polyhydric alcohol compounds with a liquid chromatograph; c) detecting the separated sample with a mass spectrometer.
- a styrene-butadiene copolymer when subjected to ozonolysis, a portion polymerized by 1,4-bonds is cleaved.
- the side chain vinyl group is oxidized to a hydroxymethyl group.
- a repeating unit sandwiched between two butadiene units polymerized by two adjacent 1,4-bonds is generated as an ozonolysis component.
- a polyhydric alcohol compound having a chain structure consisting of styrene units and a chain structure having many vinyl units is obtained.
- polyhydric alcohol compounds having a plurality of types of chain structures as described above can be obtained by GPC or reverse phase liquid chromatography (hereinafter, “ It can be separated using LC such as “RPLC”.
- RPLC reverse phase liquid chromatography
- the polyhydric alcohol compound having a chain structure composed only of styrene units and the polyhydric alcohol having a chain structure composed of both styrene units and vinyl units are UV-visible by utilizing the property that the styrene units absorb ultraviolet rays.
- a polyhydric alcohol compound having a chain structure consisting only of vinyl units cannot be measured with a UV detector.
- a mass spectrometer is used in the present invention, polyhydric alcohol compounds having various chain structures obtained by ozonolysis of a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound can be detected. .
- the mass spectrometer has different mass-to-charge ratios of the components contained in the sample, the components can be distinguished and detected, so that multiple types of polyhydric alcohols contained in the ozonolysis product of the copolymer Even if the separation of the compound by LC is insufficient, the plurality of types of polyhydric alcohol compounds can be distinguished and detected.
- a scan mode that detects ions while continuously changing the voltage applied to an electrode
- a selected ion monitoring (SIM) measurement mode that detects ions having a specific mass-to-charge ratio
- a specific mass charge Any of the selective reaction monitoring (SRM) measurement modes in which a precursor ion of a specific ratio is selected and a product ion of the precursor ion having a specific mass-to-charge ratio is detected can be used. When performing analysis, SIM measurement or SRM measurement is preferred.
- LC ⁇ LC comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatograph
- the modulator repeats the operation of storing the solvent (including the analysis target component) introduced at regular time intervals and then introducing it into the secondary column.
- the primary column and the secondary column have different polarities and separation modes, and the secondary column has a different separation behavior from the primary column.
- a plurality of types of polyhydric alcohol compounds obtained by the ozonolysis and reduction reaction of the copolymer include those that cannot be sufficiently separated because the elution time in the primary column is very close. It can be separated on a column.
- a two-dimensional chromatogram representing the signal intensity with contour lines with the elution time of the primary column and the elution time of the secondary column as axes, respectively. It is better to create a three-dimensional chromatogram with the signal intensity as the axis. From the shape of the two-dimensional chromatogram or the three-dimensional chromatogram, it is possible to grasp what kind of chain structure is contained in the copolymer, and the analysis of the structure and characteristics of the copolymer becomes easy.
- the present invention provides a liquid chromatograph for separating a sample solution containing a plurality of types of polyhydric alcohol compounds produced by ozonolysis of a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound, followed by mass spectrometry.
- a method for quantitatively analyzing a plurality of types of polyhydric alcohol compounds contained in the sample solution using a meter With reference to a calibration curve representing the relationship between the concentration and ionic strength of each type of polyhydric alcohol compound, the polyhydric alcohol is detected from the ionic strength of the polyhydric alcohol compound in the sample solution detected by the mass spectrometer. The concentration of the compound is calculated.
- the present invention is a method for separating the ozonolysis product of SBR, Ozone decomposition of styrene butadiene rubber produces polyhydric alcohol compounds with a chain structure composed of styrene units, polyhydric alcohol compounds with a chain structure composed of vinyl units, and polyhydric alcohol compounds with a chain structure composed of styrene and vinyl units.
- the sample solution containing the polyhydric alcohol compound is separated by a comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatograph including a primary column and a secondary column.
- sample solutions containing polyhydric alcohol compounds having various chain structures obtained by ozonolysis of a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound to be analyzed are obtained from styrene units by LC.
- polyvalent alcohols having various chain structures obtained by ozonolysis of a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound to be analyzed. Since the alcohol compound can be separated and analyzed based on the difference in the chain structure, the physical properties of the copolymer can be evaluated from the analysis result.
- a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound which is an object of analysis of the present invention, has a structure derived from a conjugated diene compound, a structure derived from an aromatic vinyl, and a structure derived from vinyl in a linear form. It has a linked structure and has a carbon-carbon double bond derived from a conjugated diene compound and a vinyl group.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- SBR is a component derived from styrene, a component derived from 1,3-butadiene, cis-1,4-butadiene, trans-1,4-butadiene, and many vinyl groups linked in a straight chain. It has a chain structure (see FIGS. 1 (a) and (b)).
- a polyhydric alcohol compound is produced by ozonolysis of a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound.
- the method of ozonolysis is performed according to the methods described in Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3.
- ozone selectively reacts with the carbon-carbon double bond derived from the conjugated diene compound among the carbon-carbon double bonds contained in the copolymer, so that ozonide is generated and reduced.
- Ozonide is ring-opened by the reaction to produce a polyhydric alcohol compound.
- the carbon-carbon double bond derived from butadiene (carbon-carbon double bond contained in cis-1,4-butadiene and trans-1,4-butadiene) is opened by ozonolysis.
- a polyhydric alcohol compound having a chain structure composed of styrene units, a polyhydric alcohol compound having a chain structure composed of vinyl units, and a polyhydric alcohol compound having a chain structure composed of styrene and vinyl units can be obtained.
- SBR has the chain structure shown in FIG. 1 (b)
- the polyhydric alcohol compound obtained by ozonolysis is as shown in FIG. 1 (c).
- symbols S, C, T, and V are styrene, cis-1,4-butadiene, trans-1,4-butadiene, and vinyl (1,2-butadiene), respectively.
- the structural unit represents the structural unit
- the symbol Va represents the structural unit of vinyl (1,2-butadiene) -derived allyl alcohol after ozonolysis (see FIG. 1 (d)).
- ⁇ Separation of ozone decomposition products The polyhydric alcohol compound obtained by the ozonolysis reaction is dissolved in an appropriate solvent to form a sample solution, and then introduced into the LC.
- the LC either one having one column or two columns (primary column and secondary column) may be used, and a comprehensive two-dimensional LC having a primary column and a secondary column may be used. In this case, it is preferable to perform GPC mode separation in the primary column and reverse phase separation in the secondary column.
- the past knowledge obtained as a result of analyzing the ozonolysis product of SBR using gel permeation chromatography can be used.
- the Comprehensive two-dimensional LC includes a modulator in addition to a primary column and a secondary column.
- the sample solution introduced into the comprehensive two-dimensional LC is first separated by the primary column, and the eluted component is introduced into the modulator.
- the modulator repeats the operation of storing the components introduced at regular time intervals and then introducing them into the secondary column.
- the primary column and the secondary column are different in separation mode.
- what connected several column can be used for a primary column. In this case, a plurality of columns having the same stationary phase type may be connected, or a plurality of columns having the same stationary phase type but different pore diameters may be connected.
- the primary column is packed with a styrene divinylbenzene copolymer and a filler based on polyvinyl alcohol and silica gel.
- the secondary column is packed with a filler based on a silica gel or polymer in which an octadecylsilyl group or a phenyl group, an octyl group, or a pentafluorophenylpropyl group is chemically bonded. .
- one or more polar solvents or nonpolar solvents selected from chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, water, acetonitrile, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, hexane, methanol, and ethanol may be used.
- polar solvents or nonpolar solvents selected from chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, water, acetonitrile, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, hexane, methanol, and ethanol
- the polyhydric alcohol compound separated by LC is subsequently introduced into the detector.
- a mass spectrometer is used as the detector.
- a detector such as an ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic detector or a photodiode array detector may be used.
- a scan mode that detects ions while continuously changing the voltage applied to an electrode
- a selected ion monitoring (SIM) measurement mode that detects ions having a specific mass-to-charge ratio
- a specific mass charge Any of the selective reaction monitoring (SRM) measurement modes in which a precursor ion of a specific ratio is selected and a product ion of the precursor ion having a specific mass-to-charge ratio is detected can be used. When performing analysis, SIM measurement or SRM measurement is preferred.
- ⁇ Analysis method> When the sample solution containing the polyhydric alcohol compound obtained by the ozonolysis reaction is separated by comprehensive two-dimensional LC, the elution time of the primary column and the elution time of the secondary column are respectively determined from the detection results of the mass spectrometer.
- a three-dimensional chromatogram can be created. Thereby, since what kind of chain structure is contained in a copolymer can be grasped visually, an analysis becomes easy.
- the ionic strength of the polyhydric alcohol compound in the sample solution detected by the mass spectrometer is used to calculate the polyhydric alcohol compound.
- the concentration of the monohydric alcohol compound may be calculated.
- a mass chromatogram is obtained using a standard sample solution containing a polyhydric alcohol compound having a known mass-to-charge ratio and concentration using a mass spectrometer, and the known polyvalent alcohol appearing in the mass chromatogram is obtained. From the peak area derived from the alcohol compound, the ionic strength can be determined to create a calibration curve for the polyhydric alcohol compound with known mass-to-charge ratio and concentration.
- the copolymer analysis method, polyhydric alcohol compound quantitative analysis method, and SBR ozonolysis product separation method according to the present invention include, for example, a comprehensive two-dimensional LC mass spectrometer (hereinafter referred to as “comprehensive” shown in FIG. 2). It can be realized by using a “synthetic two-dimensional LC / MS”.
- the analysis unit 1 has a constant primary column 12, a sample introduction unit 11 for introducing a sample solution into the primary column 12, and a component (compound) eluted from the primary column 12.
- a mass spectrometer 15 for detecting is a mass spectrometer using a quadrupole mass filter as a mass analyzer, for example, and can selectively perform scan measurement, SIM measurement, and SRM measurement.
- a mass spectrometer using a quadrupole ion trap as a mass analyzer or a time-of-flight mass spectrometer may be used.
- a hybrid mass spectrometer combining a plurality of types of mass analyzers may be used.
- the operation of each unit included in the analysis unit 1 is controlled by the analysis control unit 28.
- the data processing unit 2 has a function of processing data acquired by the mass spectrometer 15 and automatically creating a measurement condition file used when the analysis control unit 28 performs analysis. More specifically, the data processing unit 2 includes functional blocks such as a data storage unit 21, a peak detection processing unit 22, a chromatogram creation unit 23, a calibration curve creation unit 24, a compound table 26, and a calibration curve storage unit 27. The functions of these functional blocks will be described later.
- a part of the data processing unit 2 and the analysis control unit 28 uses a personal computer as hardware, and the above-described blocks function by executing dedicated control / processing software installed in the personal computer in advance.
- the data processing unit 2 is connected to an operation unit 3 and a display unit 4 which are pointing devices such as a keyboard and a mouse.
- the comprehensive two-dimensional LC / MS of the present embodiment is the same as the conventional comprehensive two-dimensional LC / MS as hardware, and the control / processing software is different from the conventional one, so that the configuration is substantially different. Can be taken.
- the loop in the modulator is all eluent from the primary column depending on flow rate and modulation time.
- the loop volume is selected from 20 ⁇ L, 50 ⁇ L, and 100 ⁇ L.
- the volume of the primary separation mobile phase introduced into the secondary separation is the efficiency of the secondary separation. May be affected. Therefore, in this analysis, when a small volume loop (1.6 ⁇ L) was installed in the modulator to try to reduce the solvent effect, the amount of eluate introduced from the primary column to the secondary column was reduced. The separation in the next column could be improved.
- a correlation diagram (calibration curve) between the concentration of the polyhydric alcohol compound contained in each standard sample and the ionic strength was prepared.
- the created correlation diagrams are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, symbols such as “S1V1”, “V1”, and “S2” represent the number of vinyl-derived structures and the number of styrene-derived structures of the polyhydric alcohol compound showing the calibration curve.
- the symbol “S1V1” indicates that the polyhydric alcohol compound has one vinyl (1,2-butadiene) -derived structure and one styrene-derived structure.
- the calibration curve differs depending on the number of styrene-derived structures and the number of vinyl-derived structures contained in the polyhydric alcohol compound.
- a commercially available sample may be used as the standard sample, or a sample obtained by separating and collecting from an SBR ozonolysis product and calculating the purity by NMR or the like may be used.
- the amount of change in the slope of the calibration curve when the number of styrene chains increases by one from the calibration curve of S1 to S3 is calculated, and the chain component Sn ( The slope of n ⁇ 4) was estimated.
- the slope of the calibration curve was estimated in the same manner for the chain component (Vm) of only vinyl-derived allyl alcohol.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the amount of each chain component in the recovered components after the ozonolysis treatment of four types of SBR-A to SBR-D, with the horizontal axis indicating the type of chain component and the vertical axis indicating the amount.
- FIG. 10 tabulates the amounts of typical chain components. As can be seen from FIGS.
- the recovered components after the ozonolysis of SBR-A and SBR-B contain a large amount of S1, whereas the components after the ozonolysis of SBR-C and SBR-D
- the recovered components include not only S1 but also many chain components containing three or more S such as S3 (S3, S3Vm), S4 (S4Vm) and the like.
- S3 S3, S3Vm
- S4Vm S4
- FIGS. 11A and 11B show the two-dimensional chromatogram of a polyhydric alcohol compound (“S2” component) having a styrene number of “2”
- FIGS. 11A and 11B Show.
- FIG. 12 shows the content of each polyhydric alcohol compound in Sample 1 and Sample 2 calculated from the two-dimensional chromatogram.
- the chain structures of two types of samples having different styrene and vinyl contents could be compared.
- 11A and 11B are two-dimensional chromatograms of only the “S2” component.
- the detection results of all components obtained by ozonolysis are drawn together in one two-dimensional chromatogram. It is also possible to do.
- comprehensive two-dimensional LC in this way, components that are difficult to separate by single analysis of each dimension, such as S1V1 and S1V2, can be separated.
- displaying the detection results in a two-dimensional chromatogram The difference in chain structure contained in the copolymer can be visually recognized.
- LC such as reverse phase LC may be used instead of the comprehensive two-dimensional LC.
- LC such as reverse phase LC
- mass-to-charge ratio of the components contained in the sample containing the ozonolysis product of the copolymer of the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer is different,
- mass-to-charge ratio of the components contained in the sample containing the ozonolysis product of the copolymer of the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer is different, Of course, since it can be detected separately, analysis similar to comprehensive two-dimensional LC / MS is possible.
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Abstract
Description
a)前記共重合体をオゾン分解することにより、複数種類の多価アルコール化合物を生成する工程と、
b)前記複数種類の多価アルコール化合物を含む試料溶液を液体クロマトグラフで分離する工程と、
c)分離された試料を質量分析計で検出する工程と
を有することを特徴とする。
多価アルコール化合物の種類毎の濃度とイオン強度の関係を表す検量線を参照して、前記質量分析計により検出された、前記試料溶液中の多価アルコール化合物に対するイオン強度から、該多価アルコール化合物の濃度を算出することを特徴とする。
スチレンブタジエンゴムをオゾン分解することにより、スチレン単位からなる連鎖構造の多価アルコール化合物、ビニル単位から成る連鎖構造の多価アルコール化合物、スチレンとビニル単位から成る連鎖構造の多価アルコール体化合物を生成し、これら多価アルコール化合物を含む試料溶液を、1次カラム、及び2次カラムを具備する包括的二次元液体クロマトグラフで分離することを特徴とする。
<分析対象>
本発明の分析対象である共役ジエン化合物と芳香族ビニル化合物との共重合体は、共役ジエン化合物に由来する構造と、芳香族ビニルに由来する構造と、ビニルに由来する構造が直鎖状に連結された構造を有し、共役ジエン化合物及びビニル基に由来する炭素-炭素二重結合を有する。このような共重合体の一例として、1,3-ブタジエンとスチレンの共重合体である、スチレンブタジエンゴム(以下、SBRという。)が挙げられる。SBRは、スチレンに由来する成分、1,3-ブタジエンに由来する成分である、シス-1,4-ブタジエン、トランス-1,4-ブタジエン、及びビニル基が多数、直鎖状に連結された連鎖構造を有する(図1(a)及び(b)参照)。
本発明に係る分析方法では、まず、共役ジエン化合物と芳香族ビニル化合物との共重合体をオゾン分解することにより、多価アルコール化合物を生成する。オゾン分解する方法は、非特許文献2、3に記載された方法に従って行う。この方法によると、共重合体に含まれる炭素-炭素二重結合のうち共役ジエン化合物に由来する炭素-炭素二重結合に対してオゾンが選択的に反応することにより、オゾニドが生成され、還元反応によりオゾニドが開環して多価アルコール化合物が生成される。分析対象がSBRの場合、オゾン分解によりブタジエンに由来する炭素-炭素二重結合(シス-1,4-ブタジエン及びトランス-1,4-ブタジエンに含まれる炭素-炭素二重結合)が開環し、スチレン単位から成る連鎖構造の多価アルコール化合物、ビニル単位から成る連鎖構造の多価アルコール化合物、スチレン及びビニル単位からなる連鎖構造の多価アルコール化合物が得られる。例えば、SBRが図1(b)に示す連鎖構造を有する場合、オゾン分解により得られる多価アルコール化合物は図1(c)に示すようになる。図1(b)、(c)において、記号S、C、T、Vは、それぞれスチレン、シス-1,4-ブタジエン、トランス-1,4-ブタジエン、ビニル(1,2-ブタジエン)、の構造単位を示し、記号Vaは、オゾン分解後のビニル(1,2-ブタジエン)由来アリルアルコールの構造単位(図1(d)参照)を示す。
オゾン分解反応により得られた多価アルコール化合物は、適宜の溶媒に溶解して試料溶液とした後、LCに導入される。LCとしては、1個のカラムを備えるもの、2個のカラム(1次カラムと2次カラム)を備えるもののいずれを用いても良く、1次カラムと2次カラムを備える包括的二次元LCの場合、1次カラムではGPCモードの分離を、2次カラムでは逆相モードの分離を行うと良い。1次カラムでGPCモードの分離を行うタイプの包括的二次元LCを用いると、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィを用いてSBRのオゾン分解物を分析した結果、得られた過去の知見を利用することができる。
また、移動相としては、クロロホルム、テトラヒドロフラン、水、アセトニトリル、イソプロパノール、酢酸エチル、アセトン、ヘキサン、メタノール、及びエタノールから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の極性溶媒あるいは非極性溶媒を用いると良い。このような1次カラム、2次カラム、移動相を用いることにより、SBRのオゾン分解及び還元反応により得られた多価アルコール化合物を十分に分離することができる。
LCにより分離された多価アルコール化合物は、続いて検出器に導入される。検出器としては質量分析計が用いられる。また、質量分析計に加えて、紫外可視分光検出器又はフォトダイオードアレイ検出器等の検出器を用いてもよい。質量分析計では、電極に印加する電圧を連続的に変化させながらイオンの検出を行うスキャンモード、特定の質量電荷比を有するイオンの検出を行う選択イオンモニタリング(SIM)測定モード、特定の質量電荷比のプリカーサイオンを選択し、そのプリカーサイオンのプロダクトイオンの中から特定の質量電荷比のものを検出する選択反応モニタリング(SRM)測定モードのいずれを用いても良く、特に多価アルコール化合物の定量分析を行う場合は、SIM測定又はSRM測定が好ましい。
オゾン分解反応により得られた多価アルコール化合物を含む試料溶液を包括的二次元LCで分離した場合は、質量分析計の検出結果から、1次カラムの溶出時間及び2次カラムの溶出時間をそれぞれ軸とし、前記質量分析計の信号強度を等高線で表した二次元クロマトグラム、又は、前記1次カラムの溶出時間、前記2次カラムの溶出時間、及び前記質量分析計の信号強度のそれぞれを軸とする三次元クロマトグラムを作成することができる。これにより、共重合体にどのような連鎖構造が含まれるかを視覚的に把握することができるため、分析が容易になる。
本発明に係る共重合体の分析方法、多価アルコール化合物の定量分析方法、及びSBRのオゾン分解物の分離方法は、例えば、図2に示す包括的二次元LC質量分析装置(以下、「包括的二次元LC/MS」という。)を用いて実現することができる。図2に示す包括的二次元LC/MSにおいて、分析部1は、一次カラム12と、一次カラム12に試料溶液を導入する試料導入部11と、一次カラム12から溶出する成分(化合物)を一定時間間隔で貯蔵するモジュレータ13と、一次カラム12とは異なる分離特性(典型的には異なる極性)を有する高速分離可能な二次カラム14と、二段階のカラム12、14で分離された各成分を検出する質量分析計15と、を備える。質量分析計15は例えば質量分析器として四重極質量フィルタを用いた質量分析計であり、スキャン測定、SIM測定、及びSRM測定が選択的に行えるようになっている。なお、より定性的な情報を得たい場合は、質量分析器として四重極イオントラップを用いた質量分析計でも良く、飛行時間質量分析計でも良い。また、複数種の質量分析器を組み合わせたハイブリッド質量分析計でも良い。
<検量線の作成>
質量電荷比及び濃度が既知の多価アルコール化合物を含む複数種の標準試料を包括的二次元LC/MSにより分析した。分析は、島津製作所株式会社製のLCMS-8040(製品名)を用い、APCI positive MSモードにより測定を行った。分析条件及び解析ソフトウエアを図3に示す。この分析では、一次分離にGPCを、二次分離にRPLCを用いた。
ここで、標準試料には市販の試料を用いても良いし、SBRのオゾン分解物から分離採取して、純度をNMR等で算出した試料を用いても良い。
構造が未知のSBRの場合、そのオゾン分解及び還元反応により得られる多価アルコール化合物には様々な種類があり、図4及び図5に示す多価アルコール化合物の検量線だけでは、全ての多価アルコール化合物の定量分析を行うことができない。そこで、上述の標準試料について求めた検量線から、質量電荷比が未知の多価アルコール化合物の検量線を推定した。
具体的には、スチレンのみの連鎖成分Snについては、S1~S3の検量線から、スチレンの連鎖数が1個増えたときの検量線の傾きの変化量を計算により求めて、連鎖成分Sn(n≧4)の傾きを推定した。ビニル由来のアリルアルコールのみの連鎖成分(Vm)についても同様の方法で検量線の傾きを推定した。
上述した方法により求めた多価アルコール化合物の検量線を用いて、スチレン成分/ビニル成分のモル比が既知の4種類のSBR(SBR-A(スチレン/ビニル=15.5/46.9(mol%))、SBR-B(スチレン/ビニル=15.5/48.2(mol%))、SBR-C(スチレン/ビニル=15.1/49.8(mol%))、SBR-D(スチレン/ビニル=15.1/49.6(mol%)))の連鎖構造の分析を行った。分析に用いた装置及び分析条件は、検量線の作成のために用いたものと同じである。
次に、2種類の市販のスチレンブタジエン共重合体(試料1:SBR-E(スチレン/ビニル=12.1/56.1(mol%))、試料2:SBR-F(スチレン/ビニル=13.8/8.5(mol%)))を試料として、オゾン分解反応により多価アルコール化合物を生成し、それを包括的二次元LC/MSにより分析した。分析に用いた装置及び分析条件は、検量線の作成に用いたものと同じである。
質量分析計の検出結果を図3の表に示す解析ソフトウエアChrom Squareを用いて解析し、1次カラムの溶出時間を横軸、2次カラムの溶出時間を縦軸、信号強度を等高線で表した二次元クロマトグラムを作成した。試料1及び試料2のオゾン分解物について作成した二次元クロマトグラムの例として、スチレンの数が「2」の多価アルコール化合物(「S2」成分)の二次元クロマトグラムを図11A及び図11Bに示す。また、二次元クロマトグラムから算出した試料1と試料2の各多価アルコール化合物の含有量を図12に示す。このように、本実施例では、スチレン及びビニルの含有量の異なる2種類の試料について、その連鎖構造を比較することができた。
Claims (14)
- a)共役ジエンモノマーと芳香族ビニルモノマーの共重合体をオゾン分解することにより、複数種類の多価アルコール化合物を生成する工程と、
b)前記複数種類の多価アルコール化合物を含む試料溶液を液体クロマトグラフで分離する工程と、
c)分離された試料を質量分析計で検出する工程と
を有すること特徴とする共重合体の分析方法。 - 前記液体クロマトグラフが、1次カラム及び2次カラムを具備する包括的二次元液体クロマトグラフであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の共重合体の分析方法。
- 前記1次カラムと前記2次カラムは、極性又は分離モードが異なることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の共重合体の分析方法。
- 前記質量分析計の検出結果から、前記1次カラムの溶出時間及び2次カラムの溶出時間をそれぞれ軸とし、前記質量分析計の信号強度を等高線で表した二次元クロマトグラム、又は、前記1次カラムの溶出時間、前記2次カラムの溶出時間、及び前記質量分析計の信号強度のそれぞれを軸とする三次元クロマトグラムを作成する工程を備えることを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の共重合体の分析方法。
- 前記共役ジエン化合物が1,3-ブタジエンであり、前記芳香族ビニル化合物がスチレンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の共重合体の分析方法。
- 前記1次カラムは、スチレンジビニルベンゼン共重合体及びポリビニルアルコール及びシリカゲルを母材とする充填剤が充填されていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の共重合体の分析方法。
- 前記2次カラムは、オクタデシルシリル基、又はフェニル基、オクチル基、ペンタフルオロフェニルプロピル基が化学結合したシリカゲル又はポリマー充填剤が充填されていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の共重合体の分析方法。
- 前記分離工程において、試料溶液を、クロロホルム、テトラヒドロフラン、水、アセトニトリル、イソプロパノール、酢酸エチル、アセトン、ヘキサン、メタノール、及びエタノールから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の溶媒を含む移動相とともに液体クロマトグラフに導入することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の共重合体の分析方法。
- 共役ジエン化合物と芳香族ビニル化合物の共重合体をオゾン分解することにより生成された複数種類の多価アルコール化合物を含む試料溶液を、液体クロマトグラフで分離した後、質量分析計を用いて、前記試料溶液に含まれる複数種類の多価アルコール化合物を定量分析する方法であって、
多価アルコール化合物の種類毎の濃度とイオン強度の関係を表す検量線を参照して、前記質量分析計により検出された、前記試料溶液中の多価アルコール化合物に対するイオン強度から、該多価アルコール化合物の濃度を算出することを特徴とする定量分析方法。 - 前記液体クロマトグラフが、1次カラム及び2次カラムを具備する包括的二次元液体クロマトグラフであることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の定量分析方法。
- 質量電荷比及び濃度が既知の多価アルコール化合物を含む標準試料溶液を、質量分析計で検出した結果を用いてマスクロマトグラムを取得し、このマスクロマトグラムに現れる前記既知の多価アルコール化合物由来のピーク面積から、イオン強度を求めて前記質量電荷比及び濃度が既知の多価アルコール化合物の検量線を作成することを特徴とする請求項9又は10に記載の定量分析方法。
- 連鎖構造が類似する、複数の質量電荷比及び濃度が既知の多価アルコール化合物について作成された検量線から、前記連鎖構造に含まれる各成分のイオン強度に対する寄与度を算出して、質量電荷比が未知の多価アルコール化合物の検量線を推定することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の定量分析方法。
- スチレンブタジエンゴムをオゾン分解した後、還元することにより、スチレン由来の成分からなる連鎖構造の多価アルコール化合物、ビニル由来の成分から成る連鎖構造の多価アルコール化合物、スチレン由来の成分とビニル由来の成分から成る連鎖構造の多価アルコール化合物を生成し、これら多価アルコール化合物を含む試料溶液を、1次カラム、及び2次カラムを具備する包括的二次元液体クロマトグラフで分離するスチレンブタジエンゴムのオゾン分解物の分離方法。
- 共役ジエン化合物と芳香族ビニル化合物の共重合体をオゾン分解することにより得られた、複数種類の多価アルコール化合物を含む試料溶液を液体クロマトグラフで分離し、質量分析計で検出することにより得られたマススペクトルデータを処理する質量分析用データ処理装置であって、
多価アルコール化合物の種類毎の濃度とイオン強度の関係を表す検量線を記憶する記憶手段と、
前記記憶手段に記憶された検量線を参照して、前記マススペクトルデータから前記試料溶液中の多価アルコール化合物の濃度を算出する濃度算出手段を備えることを特徴とする質量分析用データ処理装置。
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| EP16894358.7A EP3431983B1 (en) | 2016-03-15 | 2016-03-15 | Analysis method for a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound with aromatic vinyl compound |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10669408B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2020-06-02 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire using same |
| US10676599B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2020-06-09 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire using same |
| US10689508B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2020-06-23 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire using same |
| US10919341B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2021-02-16 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire using same |
| US10934427B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2021-03-02 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire using same |
| US11084326B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2021-08-10 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire using same |
| JPWO2019138681A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-15 | 2021-01-14 | テルモ株式会社 | 成分測定システム、測定装置及び測定チップ |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20190091605A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
| EP3431983B1 (en) | 2025-04-23 |
| JPWO2017158740A1 (ja) | 2018-11-29 |
| EP3431983A4 (en) | 2019-01-23 |
| CN108885195A (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
| EP3431983A1 (en) | 2019-01-23 |
| JP6663480B2 (ja) | 2020-03-11 |
| CN108885195B (zh) | 2021-09-24 |
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