WO2017177824A1 - 一种链路决策的方法及决策设备 - Google Patents

一种链路决策的方法及决策设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017177824A1
WO2017177824A1 PCT/CN2017/078573 CN2017078573W WO2017177824A1 WO 2017177824 A1 WO2017177824 A1 WO 2017177824A1 CN 2017078573 W CN2017078573 W CN 2017078573W WO 2017177824 A1 WO2017177824 A1 WO 2017177824A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
link
user equipment
decision
threshold
current
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/078573
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
薛政
周煜
吕静
赵彦柏
王宝剑
乔宁博
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Priority to KR1020187013611A priority Critical patent/KR102062475B1/ko
Priority to EP17781800.2A priority patent/EP3445000B1/en
Priority to MYPI2018701573A priority patent/MY193600A/en
Publication of WO2017177824A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017177824A1/zh
Priority to US16/024,181 priority patent/US10652138B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/61—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources taking into account QoS or priority requirements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/16—Threshold monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H04L41/5019—Ensuring fulfilment of SLA
    • H04L41/5025—Ensuring fulfilment of SLA by proactively reacting to service quality change, e.g. by reconfiguration after service quality degradation or upgrade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/508—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements based on type of value added network service under agreement
    • H04L41/5087—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements based on type of value added network service under agreement wherein the managed service relates to voice services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/123—Evaluation of link metrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/22—Alternate routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1083—In-session procedures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0058—Transmission of hand-off measurement information, e.g. measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/24—Multipath

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a decision device for link decision.
  • VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
  • Direct connection is a point-to-point (P2P) data transmission between the user equipment and the user equipment.
  • P2P point-to-point
  • the advantage is simple and efficient.
  • the disadvantage is that the stability and controllability are weak.
  • the transfer is to add a relay server between the two user devices.
  • the data flow needs to be transmitted to the peer through the transit server.
  • the advantage is stable and controllable.
  • the disadvantage is that server resources and bandwidth resources are needed.
  • the direct transmission method can not guarantee that the link quality of VoIP has been stable and reliable.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for link decision, which can evaluate the link quality according to the quality of service of the audio data, and then determine which link the VoIP is in to better guarantee the service quality of the VoIP call.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a corresponding decision device.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a method for link decision, which is applied to a link decision system, where the link decision system includes a first user equipment and a second user equipment, and a transit server in an Internet voice VoIP call state. And a decision device, the first user device and the second user device having a first link that is directly connected and a second link that is transited by the transit server, the method includes:
  • the determining device receives the audio service quality data reported by the first user equipment, where the audio service quality data is determined by the second user equipment according to the audio data sent by the first user equipment, and is fed back to the a user equipment;
  • the determining device determines, according to the link quality score of the current sending link, that the first link or the second link is a subsequent sending link of the first user equipment.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a decision device, where the decision device is applied to a link decision system, where the link decision system further includes a first user equipment and a second user equipment and a relay server in an Internet voice VoIP call state.
  • the first user equipment and the second user equipment have a first link that is directly connected and a second link that is transited by the transit server, and the decision device includes:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive audio service quality data reported by the first user equipment, where the audio service quality data is determined by the second user equipment according to the audio data sent by the first user equipment, and is fed back to the First user equipment;
  • a determining unit configured to determine, according to the audio service quality data received by the receiving unit, a link quality score of a current sending link of the first user equipment, where the current sending link is the first link or Said second link;
  • a decision unit configured to determine, by the determining unit, a link quality score of the current sending link, by using the first link or the second link as a subsequent sending chain of the first user equipment road.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides a link decision system, including: a first user equipment and a second user equipment, a relay server, and a decision device in an Internet voice VoIP call state, the first user equipment and the second user a first link directly connected between the devices and a second link transited through the transit server;
  • the decision device is the decision device described in the second aspect above.
  • the VoIP call is either a direct link or a transit link, and the two links have their own disadvantages.
  • the method may be sent according to the first user equipment.
  • the link quality of the link determines whether the subsequent transmission link is the first link or the second link. This ensures that the preferred link transmits the VoIP data stream, thereby improving the quality of service of the VoIP.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a link decision system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a link decision method in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3A is a schematic diagram of a queue of historical link information in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3B is a schematic diagram of a queue of historical link information in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a queue of historical link information in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a link decision process of a decision device in a decision system according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a decision device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a decision device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a decision device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a decision device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for link decision, which can evaluate the link quality according to the quality of service of the audio data, and then determine which link the VoIP is in to better guarantee the service quality of the VoIP call.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a corresponding decision device. The details are described below separately.
  • VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
  • VoIP digitizes the analog signal (Voice) and transmits it in real time on the IP network in the form of a data packet.
  • VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
  • the transmission mode of VoIP is divided into direct connection and transit mode.
  • the direct connection is a point-to-point (P2P) data transmission between the user equipment and the user equipment.
  • the relay is to add a transit server between the user equipments of the two calls, and the data flow needs to be transmitted to the opposite end through the transit server.
  • Both the direct connection and the transit link have their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, in order to better guarantee the quality of service (QoS) of the audio stream during transmission, the present application proposes an audio service according to the current transmission link. Quality to decide whether to choose a direct link or a transit link as a subsequent transmission link, thereby ensuring that a better link is used to transmit the VoIP data stream, thereby improving the quality of service of the VoIP.
  • the "first” and “second” in the first user equipment and the second user equipment are not
  • the specific reference refers to two user equipments that make VoIP calls to each other, and both user equipments have the capability of reporting audio service quality data in the present application.
  • the link decision process in this application is described below with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a link decision system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the link decision system in the embodiment of the present application includes a first user equipment and a second user equipment, a relay server, and a decision device in an Internet voice VoIP call state, and the first user equipment and the second
  • the second user equipment sends audio data to the second user equipment, and the second user equipment determines audio service quality data of the current sending link used by the first user equipment according to the received audio data, and then the second user equipment The determined audio service quality data is fed back to the first user equipment.
  • the second user equipment sends the audio service quality data to the first user equipment by using the decision information data packet, where the decision information data packet is usually a Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) packet.
  • RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol
  • the process of the link decision involved after the first user equipment receives the decision information data packet can be understood by referring to FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for link decision in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first user equipment sends the audio service quality data to the decision device, where the audio service quality data is determined by the second user equipment according to the audio data sent by the first user equipment, and is fed back to the first User equipment.
  • the first device After receiving the decision information data packet, the first device samples the data in the decision information data packet, and the number of samples can be notified in advance by the decision server. For example, data is collected at 15 sampling points, and the audio service quality parameters collected for each sample are the same.
  • the audio service quality parameters collected by each sample may include, but are not limited to, network packet e network , play packet e playout , encoding delay d codec , playback delay d playout, and network delay d network .
  • the first user equipment sends the audio service quality data to the decision device, which may be an audio service quality parameter corresponding to each sample sampled.
  • the audio service quality data reported to the decision device is the network packet e network , the play packet e playout , and the coding delay corresponding to each of the 15 samples. d codec , playback delay d playout and network delay d network .
  • the determining device determines, according to the audio service quality data, a link quality score of a current sending link of the first user equipment, where the current sending link is the first link or the second link.
  • step 102 may include:
  • the decision device cleans the audio service quality data, and determines audio service quality data of valid sampling points in the audio service quality data
  • the determining device determines a link quality score of the current sending link of the first user equipment according to the audio service quality parameter of the effective sampling point and the correspondence between the link quality score and the audio service quality parameter.
  • the decision device After the decision device receives the quality of service parameter of each sampling point sent by the first user equipment, it is considered that some sampling points may be repeated or the quality of service parameters of some sampling points are too large due to network jitter, so the decision device needs to be cleaned. The quality of service parameters of these abnormal sampling points are removed, and the quality of service parameters of the remaining sampling points after cleaning are the quality of service parameters of the effective sampling points.
  • the audio service quality parameters of each sampling point include network packet loss enetwork , play packet loss e playout , encoding delay d codec , playback delay d playout and network delay d network , and the decision device can use all these parameters to calculate all The average value of the network packet loss enetwork , the playback packet loss e playout , the encoding delay d codec , the playback delay d playout, and the network delay d network . Then, the link quality score of the current sending link of the first user equipment is determined according to the following formula of the correspondence between the link quality score and the audio service quality parameter.
  • d codec , d playout , d network , e network , and e playout involved in the formula are average values of valid sampling points.
  • ( ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 ) is a set of parameters related to the encoder, and H(x) is defined as: (x ⁇ 0)? 0:1. That is, when d-177.3 is greater than 0, H(d-177.3) takes 1 and when d-177.3 is less than 0, H(d-177.3) takes 0.
  • the calculated result F is the link quality score of the current transmission link.
  • the decision device determines, according to the link quality score of the current sending link, that the first link or the second link is used as a subsequent sending link of the first user equipment.
  • step 103 includes:
  • the determining device determines, according to the link quality score of the current sending link, and the decision model, that the first link or the second link is a subsequent sending link of the first user equipment.
  • the historical link information is stored in a queue, and the queue is set to a maximum length L. When the maximum length is exceeded, the old information is deleted from the queue. This not only satisfies the need to find historical link information, but also ensures that the queue is not too long and wastes storage resources.
  • the decision model in the present application is determined according to the type of historical links stored in the queue.
  • There are two ways to store historical link information in the queue one is as shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, and only one type is included.
  • Historical link information FIG. 3A includes only the first link information
  • FIG. 3B includes only the second link information.
  • the queue includes two types of link information, as shown in FIG. 4, including both the first link information and the second link information.
  • the determining device determines the decision model according to the stored historical link information, and may include:
  • the decision model is an absolute threshold decision model, the one type of link is the first link or the second link;
  • the formula of the absolute threshold decision model is as follows:
  • Threshold abs Threshold abs0 -X n
  • Threshold abs is the current absolute threshold
  • Threshold abs0 is the initial absolute threshold
  • X is the attenuation parameter
  • n is the total number of handovers of the link up to now;
  • the determining device determines, according to the link quality score of the current sending link, and the decision model, that the first link or the second link is used as a subsequent sending link of the first user equipment, and include:
  • the determining device determines the decision model according to the stored historical link information, and may include:
  • the decision model is a relative threshold decision model, wherein the formula of the relative threshold decision model is as follows:
  • Threshold rel Threshold rel0 -X n
  • Threshold rel is the current relative threshold
  • Threshold rel0 is the initial relative threshold
  • X is the attenuation parameter
  • n is the total number of handovers of the link up to now;
  • the determining device determines, according to the link quality score of the current sending link, and the decision model, that the first link or the second link is used as a subsequent sending link of the first user equipment, including :
  • Exponentially attenuating the switching threshold can effectively control the switching frequency and the number of handovers to protect the stability of the VoIP session link.
  • the determining device sends a link switching indication to the first user equipment.
  • the link switching indication is used to indicate:
  • the first user equipment switches from the first link to the second link road;
  • the first user equipment switches from the second link to the first link road.
  • the initial selection threshold and the attenuation parameter can be set to control the bias of the link selection, so that the system can be in the overall chain. Trade-offs are made between road performance and overall server bandwidth overhead. If you need to use as many direct links as possible, the initial threshold and attenuation parameters can be set to direct links. If you need to use as many transition links as possible, the initial threshold and attenuation parameters can be set to the transit link. The initial threshold and attenuation parameters are set by the developer at the initial state.
  • the application further includes:
  • the decision device determines the time of the next request for the link decision according to the following formula: Interval, wherein n is an integer greater than one;
  • Period Period 0 +n* ⁇
  • Period 0 is the initial interval time
  • n is the decision period
  • ⁇ is the link stability coefficient
  • the decision device transmits the time interval Period to the first user equipment.
  • n the more stable the current link is, that is, the lower the handover requirement in the short term, so it is feasible to appropriately increase the time interval to the next dual link request.
  • This dynamic request design can greatly reduce the overall load of the decision device without affecting the switching aging.
  • the VoIP call is either a direct link or a transit link, and the two links have their own disadvantages.
  • the method may be sent according to the first user equipment.
  • the link quality of the link determines whether the subsequent transmission link is the first link or the second link. This ensures that the preferred link transmits the VoIP data stream, thereby improving the quality of service of the VoIP.
  • the above is described from the perspective of interaction between the first user equipment and the decision device.
  • the functions in the decision device are further subdivided, and may include several modules as shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a link decision process of a decision device in a decision system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the link decision system shown in FIG. 5 includes a first user equipment 20 and a decision device 30.
  • the first user equipment includes a QoS data collection module 201 and a transceiver module 202.
  • the decision device includes a transceiver module 301, a data cleaning module 302, and a link.
  • the quality evaluation module 303, the link switching decision module 304, and the request interval decision module 305 are included in the link decision system.
  • the data collection module 201 collects the audio service quality parameters of the sampling point from the RTCP packet fed back by the second user equipment, and then reports the data to the decision device by the transceiver module 202.
  • the data cleaning module 302 After receiving the audio service quality parameter of the sampling point, the data cleaning module 302 cleans the audio service quality parameter of the sampling point, cleans the audio service quality parameter of the repeated and abnormal sampling points, and filters out the effective sampling. Point audio quality of service parameters.
  • the link quality evaluation module 303 determines the link quality score F of the current transmission link of the first user equipment according to the correspondence between the link quality score and the audio service quality parameter described in step 102.
  • the link switching decision module 304 makes a decision according to the two models in the optional steps of step 103 to determine whether to perform link switching.
  • the time interval Period for requesting the next link decision is delivered.
  • an embodiment of the decision device 30 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: the decision device 30 is applied to a link decision system, where the link decision system further includes a first user equipment in an Internet voice VoIP call state, and a second user equipment and a relay server, the first user equipment and the second user equipment having a first link directly connected and a second link relayed by the transit server, the decision device comprising:
  • the receiving unit 311 is configured to receive the audio service quality data reported by the first user equipment, where the audio service quality data is determined by the second user equipment according to the audio data sent by the first user equipment, and is fed back to the Said first user equipment;
  • a determining unit 312 configured to determine, according to the audio service quality data received by the receiving unit 311, a link quality score of a current sending link of the first user equipment, where the current sending link is the first link Or the second link;
  • a determining unit 313, configured to determine, by the determining unit 312, a link quality score of the current sending link, by using the first link or the second link as a follow-up of the first user equipment Send the link.
  • the VoIP call is either a direct link or a transit link, and the two links have their own disadvantages.
  • the decision device provided by the present application may be based on the current user link of the first user equipment.
  • the link quality determines whether the subsequent transmission link is the first link or the second link. This ensures that the preferred link transmits the VoIP data stream, thereby improving the quality of service of the VoIP.
  • the determining unit 312 is configured to:
  • the determining unit 313 includes:
  • a determining subunit 3131 configured to determine a decision model according to the stored historical link information
  • a decision sub-unit 3132 configured to determine, according to the link quality score of the current sending link, a decision model determined by the subunit 3131, by using the first link or the second link as the first Subsequent transmission link of the user equipment.
  • the determining subunit 3131 is configured to determine, when the historical link information includes only information about a link, the decision model is an absolute threshold decision model, where the one type of link is The first link or the second link; wherein the formula of the absolute threshold decision model is as follows:
  • Threshold abs Threshold abs0 -X n
  • Threshold abs is the current absolute threshold
  • Threshold abs0 is the initial absolute threshold
  • X is the attenuation parameter
  • n is the total number of handovers of the link up to now;
  • the determining sub-unit 3132 is configured to determine that a link quality score of the current sending link is smaller than the current absolute threshold Threshold abs , and then decide another link as a subsequent sending link of the first user equipment, where the other A link is the second link or the first link.
  • the determining subunit 3131 is configured to determine, when the information about the two links is included in the historical link information, that the decision model is a relative threshold decision model, where the relative threshold decision model is The formula is as follows:
  • Threshold rel Threshold rel0 -X n
  • Threshold rel is the current relative threshold
  • Threshold rel0 is the initial relative threshold
  • X is the attenuation parameter
  • n is the total number of handovers of the link so far;
  • the determining sub-unit 3132 is configured to determine that a difference between a link quality score of the current sending link and a quality score of another link is smaller than the current relative threshold Threshold rel , and then decide another link as the a subsequent transmission link of the first user equipment, if the current transmission link is the first link, the another link is the second link, if the current transmission link is the second link And the another link is the first link.
  • the determining device further includes:
  • the sending unit 314 is configured to send a link switching indication to the first user equipment.
  • the link switching indication is used to indicate:
  • the first user equipment switches from the first link to the second link road;
  • the first user equipment switches from the second link to the first link road.
  • the determining unit 312 is further configured to: when the subsequent sending link is the same as the current sending link, And the current sending link is used for more than n decision periods, and the time interval for requesting the next link decision is determined according to the following formula, where n is an integer greater than one;
  • Period Period 0 +n* ⁇
  • Period 0 is the initial interval time
  • n is the decision period
  • ⁇ is the link stability coefficient
  • the sending unit 314 is further configured to send, to the first user equipment, a time interval Period determined by the determining unit.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a decision device 30 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the decision device 30 is applied to a link decision system, and the link decision system further includes a first user equipment and a second user equipment and a relay server in an Internet voice VoIP call state, the first user equipment and the first The first user equipment has a first link directly connected to and a second link relayed through the relay server.
  • the decision device 30 includes a processor 310, a memory 350, and a transceiver 330.
  • the memory 350 may include a read only memory. And random access memory, and provide operational instructions and data to processor 310.
  • a portion of memory 350 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • the memory 350 stores elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or their extended set:
  • the operation instruction can be stored in an operating system
  • the audio service quality data reported by the first user equipment is received by the transceiver 330, and the audio service quality data is determined by the second user equipment according to the audio data sent by the first user equipment, and is fed back to the first a user equipment;
  • the VoIP call is either a direct link or a transit link, and the two links have their own disadvantages.
  • the decision device provided by the present application may be based on the current user link of the first user equipment.
  • the link quality determines whether the subsequent transmission link is the first link or the second link. This ensures that the preferred link transmits the VoIP data stream, thereby improving the quality of service of the VoIP.
  • the processor 310 controls the operation of the decision device 30, which may also be referred to as a CPU (Central). Processing Unit, central processing unit).
  • Memory 350 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 310. A portion of memory 350 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • the specific components of the decision device 30 are coupled together by a bus system 320 in a specific application.
  • the bus system 320 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like in addition to the data bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 320 in the figure.
  • Processor 310 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the foregoing method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 310 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 310 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware. Component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 350, and the processor 310 reads the information in the memory 350 and performs the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the processor 310 is configured to:
  • the processor 310 is configured to:
  • the processor 310 is configured to:
  • the one type of link is the first link or the second link; wherein the formula of the absolute threshold decision model is as follows:
  • Threshold abs Threshold abs0 -X n
  • Threshold abs is the current absolute threshold
  • Threshold abs0 is the initial absolute threshold
  • X is the attenuation parameter
  • n is the total number of handovers of the link up to now;
  • the processor 310 is configured to:
  • the decision model is a relative threshold decision model, wherein the formula of the relative threshold decision model is as follows:
  • Threshold rel Threshold rel0 -X n
  • Threshold rel is the current relative threshold
  • Threshold rel0 is the initial relative threshold
  • X is the attenuation parameter
  • n is the total number of handovers of the link so far;
  • the transceiver 330 is further configured to send a link switching indication to the first user equipment.
  • the link switching indication is used to indicate:
  • the first user equipment switches from the first link to the second link road;
  • the first user equipment switches from the second link to the first link road.
  • the transceiver 330 is further configured to send the storage address to the media terminal device, so that the media terminal device obtains the requested media resource from the storage address.
  • the processor 310 is further configured to: when the subsequent sending link is the same as the current sending link, and the current sending link is used for more than n decision periods, the determining device is as follows The formula determines the time interval for the next request for the link decision, the n being an integer greater than one;
  • Period Period 0 +n* ⁇
  • Period 0 is the initial interval time
  • n is the decision period
  • ⁇ is the link stability coefficient
  • the transceiver 330 is further configured to send the time interval Period to the first user equipment.
  • the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: ROM, RAM, disk or CD.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种链路决策的方法，应用于链路决策系统，链路决策系统包括处于VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备、中转服务器和决策设备，第一用户设备和第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过中转服务器中转的第二链路，该方法包括：决策设备接收第一用户设备上报的音频服务质量数据，根据音频服务质量数据确定第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分，当前发送链路为第一链路或第二链路；根据当前发送链路的链路质量评分，决策由第一链路或第二链路作为第一用户设备的后续发送链路。本申请所提供的链路决策的方法，可以确保选择较优的链路传输VoIP的数据流，从而提VoIP的服务质量。

Description

一种链路决策的方法及决策设备
本申请要求于2016年4月12日提交中国专利局、申请号201610225404.X,发明名称为“一种链路决策的方法及决策设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种链路决策的方法及决策设备。
背景技术
互联网语音(Voice over Internet Protocol，VoIP)的传输方式分为直连和中转两种方式。
直连是用户设备与用户设备直接进行点对点的(Point to Point，P2P)数据传输，优点是简单高效，缺点是稳定性和可控性弱。中转是在两个通话的用户设备之间加入一个中转服务器，数据流需要通过该中转服务器传输到对端，优点是稳定可控，缺点是需要服务器资源和带宽资源支撑。
可见，直连和中转两种传输方式都有各自的优缺点，直接采用哪种传输方式都不能保证VoIP的链路质量一直稳定可靠。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种链路决策的方法，可以根据音频数据的服务质量，对链路质量进行评估，然后再决定VoIP处于哪个链路才能更好的保证VoIP通话的服务质量。本申请实施例还提供了相应的决策设备。
本申请第一方面提供一种链路决策的方法，所述方法应用于链路决策系统，所述链路决策系统包括处于互联网语音VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备、中转服务器和决策设备，所述第一用户设备和所述第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过所述中转服务器中转的第二链路，所述方法包括：
所述决策设备接收所述第一用户设备上报的音频服务质量数据，所述音频服务质量数据为所述第二用户设备根据所述第一用户设备发送的音频数据确定，并反馈给所述第一用户设备的；
所述决策设备根据所述音频服务质量数据确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分，所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；
所述决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
本申请第二方面提供一种决策设备，所述决策设备应用于链路决策系统，所述链路决策系统还包括处于互联网语音VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备和中转服务器，所述第一用户设备和所述第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过所述中转服务器中转的第二链路，所述决策设备包括：
接收单元，用于接收所述第一用户设备上报的音频服务质量数据，所述音频服务质量数据为所述第二用户设备根据所述第一用户设备发送的音频数据确定，并反馈给所述第一用户设备的；
确定单元，用于根据所述接收单元接收的所述音频服务质量数据确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分，所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；
决策单元，用于根据所述确定单元确定的所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
本申请第三方面提供一种链路决策系统，包括：处于互联网语音VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备、中转服务器和决策设备，所述第一用户设备和所述第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过所述中转服务器中转的第二链路；
所述决策设备为上述第二方面所述的决策设备。
与现有技术中VoIP通话要么采用直连链路，要么采用中转链路，两种链路都各有缺点相比，本申请所提供的链路决策的方法，可以根据第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量，决策后续发送链路是第一链路还是第二链路，这样，可以确保选择较优的链路传输VoIP的数据流，从而提VoIP的服务质量。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还 可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例中链路决策系统的一实施例示意图；
图2是本申请实施例中链路决策方法的一实施例示意图；
图3A是本申请实施例中历史链路信息的队列的一示意图；
图3B是本申请实施例中历史链路信息的队列的一示意图；
图4是本申请实施例中历史链路信息的队列的一示意图；
图5为本申请实施例决策系统中决策设备的链路决策过程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例决策设备的一实施例示意图；
图7为本申请实施例决策设备的另一实施例示意图；
图8为本申请实施例决策设备的另一实施例示意图；
图9为本申请实施例决策设备的另一实施例示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供一种链路决策的方法，可以根据音频数据的服务质量，对链路质量进行评估，然后再决定VoIP处于哪个链路才能更好的保证VoIP通话的服务质量。本申请实施例还提供了相应的决策设备。以下分别进行详细说明。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
互联网语音(Voice over Internet Protocol，VoIP)就是将模拟信号(Voice)数字化，以数据封包(Data Packet)的形式在IP网络(IP Network)上做实时传递。例如：互联网络电话和即时通信的语音业务等。
VoIP的传输方式分为直连和中转两种方式。直连是用户设备与用户设备直接进行点对点的(Point to Point，P2P)数据传输，中转是在两个通话的用户设备之间加入一个中转服务器，数据流需要通过该中转服务器传输到对端。直连和中转两种链路都有各自的优缺点，所以为了更好的保证音频流在传输过程的服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)，本申请中提出了根据当前发送链路的音频服务质量来决策后续是选择直连链路还是选择中转链路作为后续发送链路的方案，从而确保选择较优的链路传输VoIP的数据流，从而提VoIP的服务质量。
在本申请中，第一用户设备和第二用户设备中的“第一”和“第二”没有 特别的指代，就是指两个互相VoIP通话的用户设备，两个用户设备都具有本申请中的音频服务质量数据上报的能力。下面结合图1介绍本申请中的链路决策过程。
图1为本申请实施例中链路决策系统的一实施例示意图。
如图1所示，本申请实施例中链路决策系统包括处于互联网语音VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备、中转服务器和决策设备，所述第一用户设备和所述第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过所述中转服务器中转的第二链路，第一用户设备和第二用户设备处于VoIP通话状态时，第一用户设备无论是通过第一链路还是第二链路向第二用户设备发送音频数据，第二用户设备都会根据接收到的音频数据确定第一用户设备所使用的当前发送链路的音频服务质量数据，然后第二用户设备将确定的音频服务质量数据反馈给第一用户设备。
第二用户设备通过决策信息数据包向第一用户设备发送音频服务质量数据，该决策信息数据包通常为实时传输控制协议(Real-time Transport Control Protocol，RTCP)包。
第一用户设备接收到决策信息数据包后所涉及的链路决策的过程可以参阅图2进行理解。
图2为本申请实施例中链路决策的方法的一实施例示意图。
101、第一用户设备向决策设备发送音频服务质量数据，其中，所述音频服务质量数据为所述第二用户设备根据所述第一用户设备发送的音频数据确定，并反馈给所述第一用户设备的。
第一用设备接收到决策信息数据包后，会对决策信息数据包中的数据进行采样，采样的数量可以由决策服务器预先通知。例如：在15个采样点采集数据，每个样点所采集的音频服务质量参数都相同。每个样点所采集的音频服务质量参数可以包括，但不限于网络丢包enetwork、播放丢包eplayout、编码延时dcodec、播放延时dplayout和网络延时dnetwork。
第一用户设备向决策设备发送音频服务质量数据可以是采样的每个样点所对应的音频服务质量参数。例如：上述在15个样点采集数据，则向决策设备上报的音频服务质量数据就是这15个样点中每个样点所对应的网络丢包enetwork、播放丢包eplayout、编码延时dcodec、播放延时dplayout和网络延时dnetwork。
102、决策设备根据所述音频服务质量数据确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分，所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路。
可选地，步骤102可以包括：
所述决策设备对所述音频服务质量数据进行清洗，确定所述音频服务质量数据中有效采样点的音频服务质量数据；
所述决策设备根据所述有效采样点的音频服务质量参数，以及链路质量评分与音频服务质量参数的对应关系，确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分。
决策设备接收到第一用户设备发送的每个采样点的服务质量参数后，考虑到有些采样点可能是重复的或者有些采样点的服务质量参数因为网络抖动导致偏离太大，所以决策设备要清洗掉这些不正常的采样点的服务质量参数，清洗后剩余的采样点的服务质量参数则为有效采样点的服务质量参数。
每个采样点的音频服务质量参数都包括网络丢包enetwork、播放丢包eplayout、编码延时dcodec、播放延时dplayout和网络延时dnetwork，决策设备可以使用这几个参数计算所有有效采样点的网络丢包enetwork、播放丢包eplayout、编码延时dcodec、播放延时dplayout和网络延时dnetwork的平均值。然后按照如下链路质量评分与音频服务质量参数的对应关系的公式确定第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分。
F＝94.2-(γ1+γ2ln(1+γ3e))-(0.024d+0.11(d-177.3)H(d-177.3)
其中，d＝dcodec+dplayout+dnetwork,e＝enetwork+(1-enetwork)eplayout。而且，公式中所涉及的dcodec、dplayout、dnetwork、enetwork和eplayout都是有效采样点的平均值。另外，(γ1,γ2,γ3)是跟编码器相关的一组参数，H(x)定义为：(x<0)？0:1。即当d-177.3大于0时，H(d-177.3)取1，当d-177.3小于0时，H(d-177.3)取0。
计算的结果F即为当前发送链路的链路质量评分。
103、决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
可选地，步骤103包括：
所述决策设备根据已存储的历史链路信息，确定决策模型；
所述决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，以及决策模型，确定由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
考虑到频繁做链路切换可能会导致音频信号不稳定，所以在做链路决策时，不仅依据当前链路的链路质量评分，还要考虑已存储的历史链路信息。
本申请把历史链路信息保存在一个队列中，队列设置了一个最大长度L，超过最大长度则把旧的信息从队列中删除。这样既满足了查找历史链路信息的需求，又可以确保队列不会过长，浪费存储资源。
本申请中的决策模型是根据队列中存储的历史链路的种类确定的，队列中存储的历史链路信息的方式有两种，一种是如图3A和3B所示的，只包括一种历史链路信息，图3A为只包括第一链路信息，图3B为只包括第二链路信息。另外一种是队列中包括两种链路信息，如图4所示，既包括第一链路信息，也包括第二链路信息。
可选地，针对图3A和图3B所示的情况，所述决策设备根据已存储的历史链路信息，确定决策模型，可以包括：
当所述历史链路信息中只包括一种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为绝对阈值决策模型，所述一种链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；其中，所述绝对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
Thresholdabs＝Thresholdabs0-Xn
其中，Thresholdabs为当前绝对阈值，Thresholdabs0为初始绝对阈值，X为衰减参数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
所述决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，以及决策模型，确定由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，可以包括：
所述决策设备确定当前发送链路的链路质量评分小于所述当前绝对阈值Thresholdabs，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，所述另一链路为所述第二链路或所述第一链路。
可选地，针对图4所示的情况，所述决策设备根据已存储的历史链路信息，确定决策模型，可以包括：
当所述历史链路信息中包括两种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为相对阈值决策模型，其中，所述相对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
Thresholdrel＝Thresholdrel0-Xn
其中，Thresholdrel为当前相对阈值，Thresholdrel0为初始相对阈值，X为衰减参 数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
所述决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，以及决策模型，确定由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，包括：
所述决策设备确定所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分与另一链路的质量评分的差值小于所述当前相对阈值Thresholdrel，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，若当前发送链路为所述第一链路，则所述另一链路为所述第二链路，若当前发送链路为所述第二链路，则所述另一链路为所述第一链路。
对切换阈值进行指数衰减可以有效控制切换频率和切换次数，以保护VoIP会话链路的稳定性。
另外，可选地，所述决策设备向所述第一用户设备发送链路切换指示；
其中，所述链路切换指示用于指示：
当所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第二链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第一链路切换到所述第二链路；
当所述当前发送链路为所述第二链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第一链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第二链路切换到所述第一链路。
本申请的链路切换决策逻辑中，对于中转切直连和直连切中转两种情况，可以通过设置不同的初始阈值和衰减参数来控制链路选择的偏向性，从而使得系统可以在整体链路性能和整体服务器的带宽开销中进行权衡选择。若需要尽量多的使用直连链路，则初始阈值和衰减参数的设置可以偏向直连链路，若需要尽量多的使用中转链路，则初始阈值和衰减参数的设置可以偏向中转链路。初始阈值和衰减参数是开发人员在初始状态时就设置好的。
可选地，为了缓解决策设备的请求处理负载，本申请中还包括：
当所述后续发送链路与所述当前发送链路相同，且所述当前发送链路被使用的时间超过n个决策周期，则所述决策设备按照如下公式确定下次请求链路决策的时间间隔，所述n为大于1的整数；
Period＝Period0+n*Δ
其中Period0为初始间隔时间，n为决策周期，Δ为链路稳定系数；
所述决策设备向所述第一用户设备发送所述时间间隔Period。
n越大，说明当前链路越稳定，也就是说短期内的切换需求越低，那么适当增加到下一次双链路请求的时间间隔是可行的。这种动态请求设计可以在几乎不影响切换时效的情况下大大降低决策设备的整体负载。
下发由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，并把到进行下一次链路评估的间隔时间下发给第一用户设备。
与现有技术中VoIP通话要么采用直连链路，要么采用中转链路，两种链路都各有缺点相比，本申请所提供的链路决策的方法，可以根据第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量，决策后续发送链路是第一链路还是第二链路，这样，可以确保选择较优的链路传输VoIP的数据流，从而提VoIP的服务质量。
以上是从第一用户设备和决策设备之间的交互角度进行描述的，下面再对决策设备中的功能进行细分，可以包括图5所示的几个模块。
图5为本申请实施例决策系统中决策设备的链路决策过程示意图。
图5所示的链路决策系统包括第一用户设备20和决策设备30，第一用户设备包括服务质量数据采集模块201和收发模块202，决策设备包括收发模块301、数据清洗模块302、链路质量评价模块303、链路切换决策模块304和请求间隔决策模块305。
数据采集模块201从第二用户设备反馈的RTCP包中采集采样点的音频服务质量参数，然后由收发模块202上报给决策设备。
收发模块301接收到采样点的音频服务质量参数后，由数据清洗模块302对采样点的音频服务质量参数进行清洗，清洗掉其中重复和不正常的采样点的音频服务质量参数，筛选出有效采样点的音频服务质量参数。
链路质量评价模块303按照步骤102中所描述的链路质量评分与音频服务质量参数的对应关系，确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分F。
链路切换决策模块304按照步骤103的可选步骤中的两种模型进行决策，确定是否要进行链路切换。
请求间隔决策模块305按照Period＝Period0+n*Δ决策下次请求链路决策的时间间隔。
收发模块301向第一用户设备发送链路决策时，下发下次请求链路决策的时间间隔Period。
图5所示的模块的功能的具体过程可以参阅图2部分所描述的过程进行理 解，本处不在重复赘述。
参阅图6，本申请实施例提供的决策设备30的一实施例包括：该决策设备30应用于链路决策系统，所述链路决策系统还包括处于互联网语音VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备和中转服务器，所述第一用户设备和所述第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过所述中转服务器中转的第二链路，所述决策设备包括：
接收单元311，用于接收所述第一用户设备上报的音频服务质量数据，所述音频服务质量数据为所述第二用户设备根据所述第一用户设备发送的音频数据确定，并反馈给所述第一用户设备的；
确定单元312，用于根据所述接收单元311接收的所述音频服务质量数据确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分，所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；
决策单元313，用于根据所述确定单元312确定的所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
与现有技术中VoIP通话要么采用直连链路，要么采用中转链路，两种链路都各有缺点相比，本申请所提供的决策设备，可以根据第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量，决策后续发送链路是第一链路还是第二链路，这样，可以确保选择较优的链路传输VoIP的数据流，从而提VoIP的服务质量。
可选地，所述确定单元312用于：
对所述音频服务质量数据进行清洗，确定所述音频服务质量数据中有效采样点的音频服务质量数据；
根据所述有效采样点的音频服务质量参数，以及链路质量评分与音频服务质量参数的对应关系，确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分。
可选地，参阅图7，本申请实施例提供的决策设备的另一实施例中，所述决策单元313包括：
确定子单元3131，用于根据已存储的历史链路信息，确定决策模型；
决策子单元3132，用于根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，以及确定子单元3131确定的决策模型，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
可选地，所述确定子单元3131，用于当所述历史链路信息中只包括一种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为绝对阈值决策模型，所述一种链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；其中，所述绝对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
Thresholdabs＝Thresholdabs0-Xn
其中，Thresholdabs为当前绝对阈值，Thresholdabs0为初始绝对阈值，X为衰减参数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
所述决策子单元3132，用于确定当前发送链路的链路质量评分小于所述当前绝对阈值Thresholdabs，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，所述另一链路为所述第二链路或所述第一链路。
可选地，所述确定子单元3131，用于当所述历史链路信息中包括两种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为相对阈值决策模型，其中，所述相对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
Thresholdrel＝Thresholdrel0-Xn
其中，Thresholdrel为当前相对阈值，Thresholdrel0为初始相对阈值，X为衰减参数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
所述决策子单元3132，用于确定所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分与另一链路的质量评分的差值小于所述当前相对阈值Thresholdrel，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，若当前发送链路为所述第一链路，则所述另一链路为所述第二链路，若当前发送链路为所述第二链路，则所述另一链路为所述第一链路。
可选地，参阅图8，本申请实施例提供的决策设备的另一实施例中，所述决策设备还包括：
发送单元314，用于向所述第一用户设备发送链路切换指示；
其中，所述链路切换指示用于指示：
当所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第二链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第一链路切换到所述第二链路；
当所述当前发送链路为所述第二链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第一链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第二链路切换到所述第一链路。
可选地，本申请实施例提供的决策设备的另一实施例中，
所述确定单元312，还用于当所述后续发送链路与所述当前发送链路相同， 且所述当前发送链路被使用的时间超过n个决策周期，则按照如下公式确定下次请求链路决策的时间间隔，所述n为大于1的整数；
Period＝Period0+n*Δ
其中Period0为初始间隔时间，n为决策周期，Δ为链路稳定系数；
所述发送单元314，还用于向所述第一用户设备发送所述确定单元确定的时间间隔Period。
图9是本申请实施例提供的决策设备30的结构示意图。所述决策设备30应用于链路决策系统，所述链路决策系统还包括处于互联网语音VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备和中转服务器，所述第一用户设备和所述第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过所述中转服务器中转的第二链路，所述决策设备30包括处理器310、存储器350和收发器330，存储器350可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器310提供操作指令和数据。存储器350的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)。
在一些实施方式中，存储器350存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集:
在本申请实施例中，通过调用存储器350存储的操作指令(该操作指令可存储在操作系统中)，
通过收发器330接收所述第一用户设备上报的音频服务质量数据，所述音频服务质量数据为所述第二用户设备根据所述第一用户设备发送的音频数据确定，并反馈给所述第一用户设备的；
根据所述音频服务质量数据确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分，所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；
根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
与现有技术中VoIP通话要么采用直连链路，要么采用中转链路，两种链路都各有缺点相比，本申请所提供的决策设备，可以根据第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量，决策后续发送链路是第一链路还是第二链路，这样，可以确保选择较优的链路传输VoIP的数据流，从而提VoIP的服务质量。
处理器310控制决策设备30的操作，处理器310还可以称为CPU(Central  Processing Unit，中央处理单元)。存储器350可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器310提供指令和数据。存储器350的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)。具体的应用中决策设备30的各个组件通过总线系统320耦合在一起，其中总线系统320除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统320。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器310中，或者由处理器310实现。处理器310可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器310中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器310可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器350，处理器310读取存储器350中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可选地，处理器310用于：
对所述音频服务质量数据进行清洗，确定所述音频服务质量数据中有效采样点的音频服务质量数据；
根据所述有效采样点的音频服务质量参数，以及链路质量评分与音频服务质量参数的对应关系，确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分。
可选地，处理器310用于：
根据已存储的历史链路信息，确定决策模型；
根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，以及决策模型，确定由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
可选地，处理器310用于：
当所述历史链路信息中只包括一种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为绝 对阈值决策模型，所述一种链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；其中，所述绝对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
Thresholdabs＝Thresholdabs0-Xn
其中，Thresholdabs为当前绝对阈值，Thresholdabs0为初始绝对阈值，X为衰减参数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
确定当前发送链路的链路质量评分小于所述当前绝对阈值Thresholdabs，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，所述另一链路为所述第二链路或所述第一链路。
可选地，处理器310用于：
当所述历史链路信息中包括两种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为相对阈值决策模型，其中，所述相对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
Thresholdrel＝Thresholdrel0-Xn
其中，Thresholdrel为当前相对阈值，Thresholdrel0为初始相对阈值，X为衰减参数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
确定所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分与另一链路的质量评分的差值小于所述当前相对阈值Thresholdrel，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，若当前发送链路为所述第一链路，则所述另一链路为所述第二链路，若当前发送链路为所述第二链路，则所述另一链路为所述第一链路。
可选地，收发器330还用于向所述第一用户设备发送链路切换指示；
其中，所述链路切换指示用于指示：
当所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第二链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第一链路切换到所述第二链路；
当所述当前发送链路为所述第二链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第一链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第二链路切换到所述第一链路。
可选地，收发器330还用于向所述媒体终端设备发送所述存储地址，以使所述媒体终端设备从所述存储地址获取所述所请求的媒体资源。
可选地，处理器310还用于当所述后续发送链路与所述当前发送链路相同，且所述当前发送链路被使用的时间超过n个决策周期，则所述决策设备按照如下公式确定下次请求链路决策的时间间隔，所述n为大于1的整数；
Period＝Period0+n*Δ
其中Period0为初始间隔时间，n为决策周期，Δ为链路稳定系数；
收发器330还用于向所述第一用户设备发送所述时间间隔Period。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的各种方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，存储介质可以包括：ROM、RAM、磁盘或光盘等。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的链路决策的方法、决策设备以及系统进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种链路决策的方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于链路决策系统，所述链路决策系统包括处于互联网语音VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备、中转服务器和决策设备，所述第一用户设备和所述第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过所述中转服务器中转的第二链路，所述方法包括：
    所述决策设备接收所述第一用户设备上报的音频服务质量数据，所述音频服务质量数据为所述第二用户设备根据所述第一用户设备发送的音频数据确定，并反馈给所述第一用户设备的；
    所述决策设备根据所述音频服务质量数据确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分，所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；以及
    所述决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述决策设备根据所述音频服务质量数据确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分，包括：
    所述决策设备对所述音频服务质量数据进行清洗，确定所述音频服务质量数据中有效采样点的音频服务质量数据；以及
    所述决策设备根据所述有效采样点的音频服务质量参数，以及链路质量评分与音频服务质量参数的对应关系，确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，包括：
    所述决策设备根据已存储的历史链路信息，确定决策模型；以及
    所述决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，以及决策模型，确定由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述决策设备根据已存储的历史链路信息，确定决策模型，包括：
    当所述历史链路信息中只包括一种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为绝对阈值决策模型，所述一种链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；其中，所述绝对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
    Thresholdabs＝Thresholdabs0-Xn
    其中，Thresholdabs为当前绝对阈值，Thresholdabs0为初始绝对阈值，X为衰减参数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
    所述决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，以及决策模型，确定由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，包括：
    所述决策设备确定当前发送链路的链路质量评分小于所述当前绝对阈值Thresholdabs，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，所述另一链路为所述第二链路或所述第一链路。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述决策设备根据已存储的历史链路信息，确定决策模型，包括：
    当所述历史链路信息中包括两种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为相对阈值决策模型，其中，所述相对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
    Thresholdrel＝Thresholdrel0-Xn
    其中，Thresholdrel为当前相对阈值，Thresholdrel0为初始相对阈值，X为衰减参数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
    所述决策设备根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，以及决策模型，确定由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，包括：
    所述决策设备确定所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分与另一链路的质量评分的差值小于所述当前相对阈值Thresholdrel，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，若当前发送链路为所述第一链路，则所述另一链路为所述第二链路，若当前发送链路为所述第二链路，则所述另一链路为所述第一链路。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述决策设备向所述第一用户设备发送链路切换指示；
    其中，所述链路切换指示用于指示：
    当所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第二链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第一链路切换到所述第二链路；以及
    当所述当前发送链路为所述第二链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第一链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第二链路切换到所述第一链路。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述后续发送链路与所述当前发送链路相同，且所述当前发送链路被使用的时间超过n个决策周期，则所述决策设备按照如下公式确定下次请求链路决策的时间间隔，所述n为大于1的整数；
    Period＝Period0+n*Δ
    其中Period0为初始间隔时间，n为决策周期，Δ为链路稳定系数；
    所述决策设备向所述第一用户设备发送所述时间间隔Period。
  8. 一种决策设备，其特征在于，所述决策设备应用于链路决策系统，所述链路决策系统还包括处于互联网语音VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备和中转服务器，所述第一用户设备和所述第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过所述中转服务器中转的第二链路，所述决策设备包括：
    接收单元，用于接收所述第一用户设备上报的音频服务质量数据，所述音频服务质量数据为所述第二用户设备根据所述第一用户设备发送的音频数据确定，并反馈给所述第一用户设备的；
    确定单元，用于根据所述接收单元接收的所述音频服务质量数据确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分，所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；以及
    决策单元，用于根据所述确定单元确定的所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的决策设备，其特征在于，
    所述确定单元用于：
    对所述音频服务质量数据进行清洗，确定所述音频服务质量数据中有效采样点的音频服务质量数据；
    根据所述有效采样点的音频服务质量参数，以及链路质量评分与音频服务质量参数的对应关系，确定所述第一用户设备当前发送链路的链路质量评分。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的决策设备，其特征在于，所述决策单元包括：
    确定子单元，用于根据已存储的历史链路信息，确定决策模型；以及
    决策子单元，用于根据所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分，以及确定子单元确定的决策模型，决策由所述第一链路或所述第二链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的决策设备，其特征在于，
    所述确定子单元，用于当所述历史链路信息中只包括一种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为绝对阈值决策模型，所述一种链路为所述第一链路或所述第二链路；其中，所述绝对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
    Thresholdabs＝Thresholdabs0-Xn
    其中，Thresholdabs为当前绝对阈值，Thresholdabs0为初始绝对阈值，X为衰减参数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
    所述决策子单元，用于确定当前发送链路的链路质量评分小于所述当前绝对阈值Thresholdabs，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，所述另一链路为所述第二链路或所述第一链路。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的决策设备，其特征在于，
    所述确定子单元，用于当所述历史链路信息中包括两种链路的信息时，确定所述决策模型为相对阈值决策模型，其中，所述相对阈值决策模型的公式如下：
    Thresholdrel＝Thresholdrel0-Xn
    其中，Thresholdrel为当前相对阈值，Thresholdrel0为初始相对阈值，X为衰减参数，n为到目前为止链路总的切换次数；
    所述决策子单元，用于确定所述当前发送链路的链路质量评分与另一链路的质量评分的差值小于所述当前相对阈值Thresholdrel，则决策另一链路作为所述第一用户设备的后续发送链路，若当前发送链路为所述第一链路，则所述另一链路为所述第二链路，若当前发送链路为所述第二链路，则所述另一链路为所述第一链路。
  13. 根据权利要求8-12任一所述的决策设备，其特征在于，所述决策设备还包括：
    发送单元，用于向所述第一用户设备发送链路切换指示；
    其中，所述链路切换指示用于指示：
    当所述当前发送链路为所述第一链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第二链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第一链路切换到所述第二链路；以及
    当所述当前发送链路为所述第二链路，所述后续发送链路为所述第一链路时，所述第一用户设备从所述第二链路切换到所述第一链路。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的决策设备，其特征在于，
    所述确定单元，还用于当所述后续发送链路与所述当前发送链路相同，且所述当前发送链路被使用的时间超过n个决策周期，则按照如下公式确定下次请求链路决策的时间间隔，所述n为大于1的整数；
    Period＝Period0+n*Δ
    其中Period0为初始间隔时间，n为决策周期，Δ为链路稳定系数；
    所述发送单元，还用于向所述第一用户设备发送所述确定单元确定的时间间隔Period。
  15. 一种链路决策系统，其特征在于，包括：处于互联网语音VoIP通话状态的第一用户设备和第二用户设备、中转服务器和决策设备，所述第一用户设备和所述第二用户设备之间具有直连的第一链路和通过所述中转服务器中转的第二链路；
    所述决策设备为上述权利要求8-14任一所述的决策设备。
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