WO2017187903A1 - 複合ウェーハの製造方法 - Google Patents
複合ウェーハの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017187903A1 WO2017187903A1 PCT/JP2017/014034 JP2017014034W WO2017187903A1 WO 2017187903 A1 WO2017187903 A1 WO 2017187903A1 JP 2017014034 W JP2017014034 W JP 2017014034W WO 2017187903 A1 WO2017187903 A1 WO 2017187903A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P90/00—Preparation of wafers not covered by a single main group of this subclass, e.g. wafer reinforcement
- H10P90/19—Preparing inhomogeneous wafers
- H10P90/1904—Preparing vertically inhomogeneous wafers
- H10P90/1906—Preparing SOI wafers
- H10P90/1914—Preparing SOI wafers using bonding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/02535—Details of surface acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/02543—Characteristics of substrate, e.g. cutting angles
- H03H9/02559—Characteristics of substrate, e.g. cutting angles of lithium niobate or lithium-tantalate substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/07—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base
- H10N30/072—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P10/00—Bonding of wafers, substrates or parts of devices
- H10P10/12—Bonding of semiconductor wafers or semiconductor substrates to semiconductor wafers or semiconductor substrates
- H10P10/128—Bonding of semiconductor wafers or semiconductor substrates to semiconductor wafers or semiconductor substrates by direct semiconductor to semiconductor bonding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P30/00—Ion implantation into wafers, substrates or parts of devices
- H10P30/20—Ion implantation into wafers, substrates or parts of devices into semiconductor materials, e.g. for doping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P90/00—Preparation of wafers not covered by a single main group of this subclass, e.g. wafer reinforcement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P90/00—Preparation of wafers not covered by a single main group of this subclass, e.g. wafer reinforcement
- H10P90/19—Preparing inhomogeneous wafers
- H10P90/1904—Preparing vertically inhomogeneous wafers
- H10P90/1906—Preparing SOI wafers
- H10P90/1922—Preparing SOI wafers using silicon etch back techniques, e.g. BESOI or ELTRAN
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W10/00—Isolation regions in semiconductor bodies between components of integrated devices
- H10W10/10—Isolation regions comprising dielectric materials
- H10W10/181—Semiconductor-on-insulator [SOI] isolation regions, e.g. buried oxide regions of SOI wafers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
- B32B2310/08—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation
- B32B2310/0875—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using particle radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0008—Electrical discharge treatment, e.g. corona, plasma treatment; wave energy or particle radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H3/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators
- H03H3/007—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks
- H03H3/08—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of resonators or networks using surface acoustic waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/02535—Details of surface acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/02543—Characteristics of substrate, e.g. cutting angles
- H03H9/02574—Characteristics of substrate, e.g. cutting angles of combined substrates, multilayered substrates, piezoelectrical layers on not-piezoelectrical substrate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite wafer used as a material for a surface acoustic wave device.
- a piezoelectric material having a low thermal expansion coefficient is bonded to a piezoelectric material such as lithium tantalate (LiTaO 3 : LT) or lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 : LN).
- LT lithium tantalate
- LiNbO 3 lithium niobate
- a method has been proposed in which the non-bonded surface is thinned to several ⁇ m to several tens of ⁇ m by grinding or the like (Non-Patent Document 1).
- low thermal expansion coefficient materials (sapphire, silicon, etc.) are bonded together to suppress the thermal expansion of LT and LN and improve temperature characteristics.
- FIG. 12 shows a graph of thermal expansion coefficients of various materials.
- FIG. 13 shows the return loss (S11) of the resonator formed on the LT film laminated on the silicon substrate. It can be seen from FIG. 13 that the spurious waveform repeats a peak portion and a valley portion as the frequency changes. The difference between the peaks and valleys of the spurious waveform is called the spurious amplitude.
- the method for producing a composite wafer according to the present invention comprises bonding a lithium tantalate wafer or a lithium niobate wafer (hereinafter referred to as “laminated wafer”) to a support wafer having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the composite wafer.
- laminated wafer a lithium tantalate wafer or a lithium niobate wafer
- the ions implanted into each wafer are hydrogen ions (H + ), hydrogen molecular ions (H 2 + ), or helium ions (He + ), and the dose in each case is 1.0 ⁇ 10 16 atoms / cm 2 or more 1.0 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 2 or less, 5.0 ⁇ 10 15 atoms / cm 2 or more 5.0 ⁇ 10 16 atoms / cm 2 or less, 1.0 ⁇ 10 16 atoms / cm 2 or more 1.0 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 2 or less It is good. Since these light element ions can be deeply implanted into the wafer with a small acceleration voltage, they are not easily restricted by the implantation apparatus. In addition, by controlling the dose amount in this way, the reflection suppressing effect can be enhanced, and damage to the substrate when heat treatment is performed after bonding can be prevented.
- Silicon or sapphire may be applied as a material for the support wafer. Since these materials have a small coefficient of thermal expansion, the thermal expansion of a laminated wafer having a large coefficient of thermal expansion can be effectively suppressed, and the temperature characteristics of the device can be improved.
- an insulating film forming step of forming an insulating film of SiO 2 , SiON, or SiN on the bonding surface of the laminated wafer and / or the support wafer may be executed.
- an insulating film and implanting ions through the insulating film By forming an insulating film and implanting ions through the insulating film, channeling of implanted ions can be suppressed.
- a wafer whose lithium concentration increases as it approaches the bonding surface in the thickness direction may be applied.
- a laminated wafer having such a concentration distribution for example, when a resonator is formed on the wafer, Dip appearing in the input impedance waveform can be reduced.
- the lamination wafer and / or the support wafer is bonded. Ions are implanted from the mating surfaces to disturb the crystallinity near each bonding surface. That is, prior to bonding the laminated wafer 10 and the support wafer 20 as shown in FIG. 1 (a) at the bonding surfaces 11 and 21 as shown in FIG. 1 (c), either or both of them are bonded. Ions are implanted from the mating surface (bonding surface 21 in FIG. 1B) to form an ion implantation region 22.
- the material used for the support wafer 20 effectively suppresses the thermal expansion of the laminated wafer 10 having a large thermal expansion coefficient, and contributes to the improvement of the temperature characteristics of the SAW device formed on the laminated wafer 10. Silicon and sapphire are preferred. Moreover, it is good to apply the laminated wafer 10 that has a higher lithium concentration as it approaches the bonding surface in the thickness direction. By applying a laminated wafer having such a concentration distribution, for example, when a resonator is formed on the wafer, Dip appearing in the input impedance waveform can be reduced.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a specific manufacturing flow of the method for manufacturing a composite wafer of the present invention.
- an insulating film is formed on the bonding surface of the wafer into which ions are implanted (S1). By forming an insulating film and implanting ions through the insulating film, channeling of implanted ions can be suppressed.
- SiO 2 , SiON, or SiN is suitable as the material of the insulating film.
- ions are implanted from the bonding surface of the wafer on which the insulating film is formed (S2).
- the ions to be implanted are not particularly limited as long as the crystallinity is disturbed, but light element ions that can be implanted deeply with a small acceleration voltage and are not easily restricted by the implantation apparatus, such as hydrogen ions (H + ), hydrogen molecular ions ( H 2 + ) and helium ions (He + ) are preferred.
- H + hydrogen ions
- H 2 + hydrogen molecular ions
- He + helium ions
- the insulating film is removed (S3), and a surface activation process is performed on the bonded surface of the wafer into which ions are implanted (S4).
- a surface activation process is performed on the bonded surface of the wafer into which ions are implanted (S4).
- the surface activation treatment may be performed by, for example, ozone water treatment, UV ozone treatment, ion beam treatment, or plasma treatment.
- each wafer is bonded to the bonding surface (S5), and heat treatment is performed to prevent the introduction of crystal defects due to a shift of the bonding interface (S6). Then, after thinning the laminated wafer to a necessary degree by grinding and polishing (S7), a SAW device such as a resonator is formed (S8).
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention has any configuration that has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and that exhibits the same effects. Are included in the technical scope.
- Example 1 A silicon wafer having a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 0.55 mm was prepared, and a thermal oxide film was grown at a temperature of 1000 ° C. to about 480 nm. It was confirmed that the surface roughness of both the lithium tantalate wafer (LT wafer) as the laminated wafer and the silicon wafer as the support wafer was 1.0 nm or less in RMS. Hydrogen molecular ions were implanted into the bonded surface of the silicon wafer with an energy of 92 keV so that the dose amount was 2.0 ⁇ 10 16 atms / cm 2 . After the ion implantation, the thermal oxide film was removed with a 10% hydrofluoric acid solution. FIG. 3 shows the concentration distribution in the depth direction from the bonding surface of hydrogen atoms in the silicon wafer at this time. FIG. 3 shows that the hydrogen concentration in the vicinity of the bonding surface is high.
- plasma wafers were subjected to plasma activation treatment to activate the surfaces, and then both were bonded. After bonding, heat treatment was performed at 120 ° C. for 6 hours, and then the LT wafer was thinned to 20 ⁇ m by grinding and polishing.
- a one-stage ladder filter formed by combining one parallel resonator and one series resonator was formed on the wafer. The wavelength of the first ladder filter was 5 ⁇ m.
- a one-stage ladder filter prepared in the same manner as described above was prepared except that ions were not implanted into the silicon wafer.
- the comparison results are shown in FIG.
- the vertical axis represents the spurious intensity (dB) in the S11 characteristic of the single-stage ladder filter
- the horizontal axis represents the normalized LT film thickness (LT film thickness / wavelength) generally used for evaluating the characteristics of the single-stage ladder filter.
- LT film thickness / wavelength normalized LT film thickness
- Example 2 A similar test was conducted by changing the surface activation treatment method in Example 1 to vacuum ion beam activation, activation by ozone water treatment, and activation by UV ozone treatment. The difference in results from Example 1 is in the range of error, and it was confirmed that the same effect can be obtained by any of the processing methods.
- Example 3 In Example 1, the ion species to be implanted was hydrogen, the implantation energy was 46 KeV (half that of Example 1), and the dose was 4 ⁇ 10 16 atoms / cm 2 . The difference in results from Example 1 is in the range of error, and it was confirmed that the same effect can be obtained even when hydrogen ions are implanted.
- Example 4 In Example 1, the ion species to be implanted is a hydrogen atom, and the spurious intensity when the ion dose is changed in the range of 0.8 ⁇ 10 16 atoms / cm 2 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 2. A confirmation test was conducted. The results are shown in FIG. Reference is the result when no ion implantation is performed. From FIG. 5, it was confirmed that the effect of ion implantation becomes significant from a dose of 1.0 ⁇ 10 16 atoms / cm 2 . In addition, although it implemented also when the dosage amount was larger than 1.0 * 10 ⁇ 17 > atoms / cm ⁇ 2 >, the bonded substrate was cracked in the stage of the heat processing after bonding. It is presumed that this is because excess hydrogen destabilizes the bonding at the bonding interface.
- Example 5 A test was conducted for the case where the oxide film on silicon was not removed after ion implantation in Example 1. The difference from the result of Example 1 is the range of error, and it was confirmed that the same effect can be obtained regardless of the presence or absence of the oxide film.
- Example 6 ⁇ Example 6> In Example 1, a test was performed in which a SiN film formed by the LPCVD method or a SiON film formed by the PECVD method was formed instead of the thermal oxide film, and the bonding was performed after leaving the ion implantation. The difference from the result of Example 1 is the range of error, and it was confirmed that the same effect can be obtained regardless of the presence or absence of the oxide film.
- Example 7 In Example 1, a similar test was performed using a sapphire wafer having no oxide film or the like instead of the silicon wafer. The results are shown in FIG. From FIG. 6, it was found that the spurious reduction effect is reduced in the case of the sapphire wafer, but the effect can be obtained.
- Example 8 ion implantation was performed on the LT wafer instead of the silicon wafer to perform bonding (other conditions were the same). The difference in results from Example 1 is in the range of error, and it was confirmed that the same effect can be obtained whether ion implantation is performed on a silicon wafer or an LT wafer.
- Example 9 In Example 1, a test was performed by implanting ions into both a silicon wafer and an LT wafer (other conditions were the same). The results are shown in FIG. From FIG. 7, it can be seen that the effect of reducing spurious is slightly larger than when ion implantation is performed on one side. In other words, it has been confirmed that by performing ion implantation on both the silicon wafer and the LT wafer, an effect equal to or greater than that obtained for one can be obtained.
- Example 10 ⁇ Example 10>
- a test was performed by injecting helium ions instead of hydrogen ions.
- the dose was 4 ⁇ 10 16 atoms / cm 2 and the acceleration voltage was 140 KeV.
- the difference from the result of Example 1 is in the range of error, and it was confirmed that the same effect can be obtained even if helium ions are implanted.
- Example 11 A silicon wafer having a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 0.55 mm was prepared, and a thermal oxide film was grown at a temperature of 1000 ° C. to about 480 nm. It was confirmed that the surface roughness of both the lithium tantalate wafer (LT wafer) as the laminated wafer and the silicon wafer as the support wafer was 1.0 nm or less in RMS. Hydrogen molecular ions were implanted into the bonded surface of the silicon wafer with an energy of 92 KeV so that the dose amount was 2.0 ⁇ 10 16 atms / cm 2 . After ion implantation, the oxide film was removed with a 10% hydrofluoric acid solution. FIG. 3 shows the concentration distribution in the depth direction from the bonding surface of hydrogen atoms in silicon at this time. FIG. 3 shows that the hydrogen concentration is high in the vicinity of the bonding surface.
- Plasma wafers were subjected to plasma activation treatment to activate the surfaces, and then both were bonded. After bonding, heat treatment was performed at 120 ° C. for 6 hours, and then the LT wafer was thinned to 45 ⁇ m by grinding and polishing.
- a substrate whose front and back surfaces were finished to a quasi-mirror surface with an Ra value of 0.01 ⁇ m by planar polishing was embedded in a powder composed of Li, Ta, and O containing Li 3 TaO 4 as main components.
- a powder mainly composed of Li 3 TaO 4 Li 3 TaO 4: Ta 2 O 5 powder with a molar ratio of 7: mixed ratio of 3, was used and fired at 1300 ° C. 12 hours .
- such a powder mainly composed of Li 3 TaO 4 was spread in a small container, and a plurality of slice wafers were embedded in the Li 3 TaO 4 powder.
- this small container was set in an electric furnace, and the inside of the furnace was made an N 2 atmosphere and heated at 900 ° C. for 24 hours to diffuse Li from the surface of the slice wafer to the center. Thereafter, in the temperature lowering process of this process, the atmosphere is set to the atmosphere and an annealing process is performed for 12 hours at 800 ° C., and the electric field of 4000 V / m in the + Z-axis direction is approximately between 770 ° C. and 500 ° C. After applying, the temperature was lowered to room temperature.
- the rough surface side is finished by sandblasting to a Ra value of about 0.15 ⁇ m, and the rough mirror side is polished by 3 ⁇ m to obtain a plurality of LiTaO 3 single crystal substrates. It was created.
- FIG. 8 shows the thickness direction profile of the Li concentration of the LT wafer prepared as described above.
- the thickness is 0 ⁇ m on the bonded surface and indicates the depth from there.
- the Li concentration of the LT wafer is the highest on the bonded surface, and the concentration decreases as the depth increases.
- a composite wafer was prepared in the same manner for a LiTaO 3 single crystal substrate in which the density of Li concentration was not formed in the thickness direction without the treatment in the Li 3 TaO 4 powder.
- the wavelength is on the wafer.
- a 5 ⁇ m resonator was created.
- FIG. 9 shows the input impedance waveform (main resonance enlarged waveform) of each resonator. It can be seen that when there is a density of Li concentration as described above in the thickness direction, Dip on the main resonance waveform is smaller and preferable than when there is no distribution of Li concentration in the thickness direction.
- FIG. 10 shows an expanded frequency range for the frequency-input impedance characteristics shown in FIG. From FIG. 10, the spurious response at 900 to 1200 MHz, which is higher than the main resonance frequency, has a large amplitude when there is the above-described density of Li concentration in the thickness direction of the LT wafer and when there is no density of Li concentration in the thickness direction. It turns out that there is no difference.
- FIG. 11 shows the Q value of the resonator. From FIG. 11, it can be seen that the Q value is larger when the density of Li concentration as described above is present in the thickness direction of the LT wafer than when there is no distribution of Li concentration in the thickness direction. Therefore, when there is a density of Li concentration in the thickness direction of the LT wafer, spurious at the main resonance is reduced and the Q value is increased. On the other hand, the spurious response having a frequency higher than that of the main resonance yielded substantially the same results with and without the Li concentration in the thickness direction of the LT wafer.
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Abstract
Description
直径100mm、厚さ0.55mmのシリコンウェーハを用意し、温度1000℃で熱酸化膜を480nm程度成長させた。積層ウェーハであるタンタル酸リチウムウェーハ(LTウェーハ)と支持ウェーハであるシリコンウェーハ双方のウェーハの表面粗さがRMSで1.0nm以下であることを確認した。シリコンウェーハの貼り合わせ面に、水素分子イオンを92keVのエネルギーで、ドーズ量が2.0×1016atms/cm2となるように注入した。イオン注入後、10%フッ化水素酸溶液で熱酸化膜を除去した。この時のシリコンウェーハ内の水素原子の貼り合わせ面から深さ方向への濃度分布を図3に示す。図3より、貼り合わせ面近傍の水素濃度が高くなっていることがわかる。
実施例1における表面活性化処理方法を、真空イオンビーム活性化、オゾン水処理による活性化、UVオゾン処理による活性化のそれぞれに変更して同様の試験を行った。実施例1との結果の相違は誤差の範囲であり、いずれの処理方法でも同様な効果が得られることが確認された。
実施例1において、注入するイオン種を水素原子とし、打ち込みエネルギーを46KeV(実施例1の半分)とし、ドーズ量を4×1016atoms/cm2としてイオン注入を行い試験を行った。実施例1との結果の相違は誤差の範囲であり、水素イオンを注入しても同様な効果が得られることが確認された。
実施例1において、注入するイオン種を水素原子とし、イオンのドーズ量を0.8×1016atoms/cm2から1.0×1017atoms/cm2の範囲で変化させた場合のスプリアス強度の確認試験を行った。結果を図5に示す。Referenceはイオン注入を行っていない場合の結果である。図5から、イオン注入の効果はドーズ量が1.0×1016atoms/cm2から顕著になることが確認された。なお、ドーズ量が1.0×1017atoms/cm2より多い場合も実施したが、貼り合わせ後の熱処理の段階で、貼り合わせ基板が割れてしまった。これは、過剰に存在する水素が貼り合わせ界面において接合を不安定にしたためであると推定される。
実施例1においてイオン注入後にシリコン上の酸化膜を除去しなかった場合について試験を行った。実施例1との結果の相違は誤差の範囲であり、酸化膜の有無にかかわらず同様な効果が得られることが確認された。
実施例1において熱酸化膜の代わりにLPCVD法で成膜したSiN膜やPECVD法で成膜したSiON膜を形成し、イオン注入後もそのまま残して貼り合せを行った場合について試験を行った。実施例1との結果の相違は誤差の範囲であり、酸化膜の有無にかかわらず同様な効果が得られることが確認された。
実施例1においてシリコンウェーハの代わりに酸化膜等が無いサファイアウェーハを用いて同様の試験を行った。結果を図6に示す。図6から、サファイアウェーハの場合は、シリコンウェーハの場合よりもスプリアス低減効果は減少するものの、効果が得られることがわかった。
実施例1においてイオン注入をシリコンウェーハでなくLTウェーハに行って貼り合わせを行った(その他の条件は同一)。実施例1との結果の相違は誤差の範囲であり、イオン注入は、シリコンウェーハに対して行ってもLTウェーハに対して行っても同様な効果が得られることが確認された。
実施例1においてイオンをシリコンウェーハとLTウェーハの双方に注入して試験を行った(その他の条件は同一)。結果を図7に示す。図7から、スプリアス低減効果は一方にイオン注入した際よりも若干大きいことがわかる。つまり、イオン注入をシリコンウェーハとLTウェーハの双方に行うことで、一方に対して行うより同等以上の効果が得られることが確認された。
実施例1において水素イオンの代わりにヘリウムイオンを注入して試験を行った。ドーズ量は4×1016atoms/cm2とし、加速電圧は140KeVとした。実施例1との結果の相違は誤差の範囲であり、ヘリウムイオンを注入しても同様な効果が得られることが確認された。
直径100mm、厚さ0.55mmのシリコンウェーハを用意し、温度1000℃で熱酸化膜を480nm程度成長させた。積層ウェーハであるタンタル酸リチウムウェーハ(LTウェーハ)と支持ウェーハであるシリコンウェーハ双方のウェーハの表面粗さがRMSで1.0nm以下であることを確認した。シリコンウェーハの貼り合わせ面に、水素分子イオンを92KeVのエネルギーで、ドーズ量が2.0×1016atms/cm2となるように注入した。イオン注入後は10%フッ化水素酸溶液で酸化膜を除去した。この時のシリコン内の水素原子の貼り合わせ面から深さ方向への濃度分布を図3に示す。図3より、貼り合わせ面近傍には水素濃度が高くなっていることがわかる。
11、21 貼り合わせ面
20 支持ウェーハ
22 イオン注入領域
31 界面
Claims (8)
- タンタル酸リチウムウェーハ又はニオブ酸リチウムウェーハ(以下「積層ウェーハ」という。)を、これよりも熱膨張係数が小さい支持ウェーハと貼り合わせることにより複合ウェーハを製造する複合ウェーハの製造方法において、
貼り合わせに先立ち、前記積層ウェーハ及び/又は前記支持ウェーハの貼り合わせ面からイオンを注入して、それぞれの貼り合わせ面近傍の結晶性を乱すイオン注入ステップを実行することを特徴とする複合ウェーハの製造方法。 - 前記イオンは、水素イオン(H+)であり、ドーズ量が1.0×1016atoms/cm2以上1.0×1017atoms/cm2以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合ウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記イオンは、水素分子イオン(H2 +)であり、ドーズ量が5.0×1015atoms/cm2以上5.0×1016atoms/cm2以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合ウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記イオンは、ヘリウムイオン(He+)であり、ドーズ量が1.0×1016atoms/cm2以上1.0×1017atoms/cm2以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合ウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記イオン注入ステップの実行後、貼り合わせに先立ち、前記積層ウェーハ及び/又は前記支持ウェーハの貼り合わせ面に、オゾン水処理、UVオゾン処理、イオンビーム処理、又はプラズマ処理による表面活性化処理を行う表面活性化ステップを実行することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の複合ウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記支持ウェーハの素材が、シリコン又はサファイアであることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の複合ウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記イオン注入ステップに先立ち、前記積層ウェーハ及び/又は前記支持ウェーハの貼り合わせ面にSiO2、SiON、又はSiNによる絶縁膜を形成する絶縁膜形成ステップを実行することを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の複合ウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記積層ウェーハは、厚さ方向に貼り合わせ面に近づくにつれリチウム濃度が高くなっているものであることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の複合ウェーハの製造方法。
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| EP17789191.8A EP3451363B1 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2017-04-04 | Method for manufacturing composite wafer |
| CN201780021504.3A CN108885971B (zh) | 2016-04-28 | 2017-04-04 | 用于制备复合晶圆的方法 |
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| CN109166793A (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种利用先真空紫外光再氮等离子体两步活化直接键合铌酸锂和硅晶片的方法 |
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| CN109830457B (zh) * | 2019-02-15 | 2021-02-23 | 长江存储科技有限责任公司 | 半导体器件及其形成方法 |
| KR102731054B1 (ko) | 2019-05-29 | 2024-11-15 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 집적회로 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
| JP7163249B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-26 | 2022-10-31 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 表面弾性波デバイス用複合基板及びその製造方法 |
| JP7271458B2 (ja) * | 2020-02-03 | 2023-05-11 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 複合基板の製造方法 |
| JP7274442B2 (ja) * | 2020-04-02 | 2023-05-16 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 複合基板およびその製造方法 |
| JP7262415B2 (ja) | 2020-04-03 | 2023-04-21 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 複合基板およびその製造方法 |
| CN111477543A (zh) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-31 | 济南晶正电子科技有限公司 | 一种键合衬底晶圆与单晶压电晶圆的方法及复合单晶压电晶圆基板 |
| JP7514649B2 (ja) * | 2020-04-30 | 2024-07-11 | 京セラ株式会社 | 接合基板の製造方法 |
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| JP7544660B2 (ja) * | 2021-05-20 | 2024-09-03 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 粗面圧電性基板の製造方法 |
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| TWI724161B (zh) | 2021-04-11 |
| EP3451363B1 (en) | 2022-04-27 |
| CN108885971A (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
| KR102375690B1 (ko) | 2022-03-16 |
| TW201804510A (zh) | 2018-02-01 |
| KR20180134915A (ko) | 2018-12-19 |
| US20190097596A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
| JP2017200101A (ja) | 2017-11-02 |
| EP3451363A4 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
| CN108885971B (zh) | 2023-12-08 |
| EP3451363A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
| US11128277B2 (en) | 2021-09-21 |
| JP6632462B2 (ja) | 2020-01-22 |
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