WO2017202210A1 - 锁体组件、动力电池、其锁止机构及使用方法、交通工具 - Google Patents

锁体组件、动力电池、其锁止机构及使用方法、交通工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017202210A1
WO2017202210A1 PCT/CN2017/083971 CN2017083971W WO2017202210A1 WO 2017202210 A1 WO2017202210 A1 WO 2017202210A1 CN 2017083971 W CN2017083971 W CN 2017083971W WO 2017202210 A1 WO2017202210 A1 WO 2017202210A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
lock body
body assembly
new energy
energy vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/083971
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林海岩
李楠
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NIO Nextev Ltd
Original Assignee
Nextev Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nextev Ltd filed Critical Nextev Ltd
Priority to EP17802056.6A priority Critical patent/EP3466734B1/en
Priority to US16/303,918 priority patent/US10940747B2/en
Publication of WO2017202210A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017202210A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles; in particular, the present invention relates to a lock body assembly for a battery lock mechanism of a new energy vehicle, and further relates to a power battery and a battery lock including such a lock body assembly Stop mechanism and method of use, and new energy vehicles including such a battery lock mechanism.
  • New energy vehicles are a typical new energy vehicle in which battery power is often used to assist or replace conventional internal combustion engines to power the vehicle.
  • battery power is often used to assist or replace conventional internal combustion engines to power the vehicle.
  • a description will be given mainly of a new energy vehicle; it can be understood that similar descriptions are equally applicable to other types of new energy vehicles.
  • the automotive power battery has problems such as long charging waiting time and improper operation, which may affect the battery life. Therefore, in comparison, the new energy-saving vehicles will be more popular with users. Consumers who use re-powered new energy vehicles do not have to wait for the battery to charge, but instead perform a fast battery replacement operation on the vehicle at the power station by professionals and professional equipment.
  • a power battery of an existing regenerative new energy vehicle is fixed to an automobile body (for example, a chassis) by a battery lock mechanism. It can be seen that compared with other locking devices in the technical field, the battery locking mechanism for the new energy vehicle switching system needs to meet the requirements of easy operation, stable and reliable locking, etc. for design, manufacture and Production brings new challenges. This is also suitable for other new energy vehicles.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a lock body assembly for a battery lock mechanism, the battery lock mechanism further comprising a fixing assembly adapted to be coupled to a new energy vehicle, the lock body Components include:
  • the casing has a cylindrical shape with a bottom end open, and a top hole is formed at a top end of the casing;
  • a limiting sealing plate the limiting sealing plate and the casing define a receiving space, and the limiting sealing plate is formed with a through hole, and the upper surface of the limiting sealing plate is formed with a first joint portion; as well as
  • the central pull shaft has a locking portion, an adjusting portion and a limiting portion between the locking portion and the adjusting portion, the locking portion extending from the through hole of the casing but the a limiting portion is defined in the receiving space, the locking segment has a first connecting structure, and the adjusting segment has a first engaging structure thereon,
  • the adjustment block includes a flange portion and an extension extending from a lower side surface of the flange portion, a second engagement portion is formed on the lower side surface of the flange portion, and penetrates the adjustment block in a longitudinal direction
  • the flange portion and the extending portion are formed with a through hole having a second engaging structure, and the extending portion protrudes from the through hole of the limiting sealing plate to the outside of the receiving space for operation,
  • the return spring is sleeved on the adjustment section of the central pull shaft for pushing the adjustment block toward the limit sealing plate, and
  • the first engaging portion is adapted to engage with the second engaging portion for indexingly restricting circumferential relative rotation of the limit sealing plate and the adjusting block, the first engaging structure and the second
  • the engagement structure engages and limits circumferential rotation of the central pull shaft with the adjustment block
  • the first connection structure being adapted to engage with a second connection structure on the stationary component for limiting the fixation assembly The axial relative movement of the lock body assembly.
  • the limiting portion of the central pull shaft is a circular flange.
  • the first joint portion and the second joint portion are concave and convex structures that are complementary in shape.
  • the first engagement structure and the second engagement structure form a keyway connection.
  • the first joint structure and the second joint are matched spline structures and keyway structures, respectively.
  • the first connection structure and the second connection structure are matched external thread structures and internal thread structures.
  • the two ends of the return spring are respectively provided with spring seats, the spring seats respectively abutting the top end of the sleeve in the receiving space and the Adjust the top surface of the block.
  • a gasket is disposed in the through hole of the top end of the sleeve.
  • the limit seal is joined to the bottom end of the casing.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a power battery for a new energy vehicle, the battery housing of the power battery being provided with the lock body assembly according to any of the preceding first aspects .
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a battery lock mechanism including a lock body assembly of a battery case adapted to be connected to a power battery of a new energy vehicle, wherein
  • the lock body assembly is the lock body assembly of any of the preceding first aspects, and the battery lock mechanism further includes the fixed assembly adapted to be coupled to a new energy vehicle.
  • the fixing assembly includes a fixing bracket and a locking plate, and the locking plate is assembled to the energy-passing vehicle through the fixing bracket, the first A two connection structure is formed in the locking plate.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention provides a new energy vehicle comprising a power battery assembled by the battery locking mechanism according to any of the preceding third aspects.
  • the lock body assembly is fixed to the power battery by an intermediate connector, and the lock body assembly is interference fit into the intermediate connector,
  • the intermediate connector is fixed to the battery case of the power battery by soldering.
  • the intermediate connector is a circular sleeve that is welded within the bore in the battery housing.
  • the intermediate connector is suitable for welding a cast bracket on a side of the battery housing having a bore for receiving the lock body assembly.
  • the new energy vehicle is a new energy vehicle
  • the fixed component is connected to the vehicle chassis of the new energy vehicle.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method of installing and disassembling a power battery to a new energy vehicle using the battery lock mechanism according to any of the foregoing third aspects, wherein the installation
  • the steps include: (1) aligning the power battery of the lock body assembly with the battery lock mechanism to a fixed component connected to the new energy vehicle, and (2) urging the adjustment block upward to make the adjustment Disengaging the block from the limit seal, then rotating the adjustment block to drive the central pull shaft to engage the lock plate, (3) releasing the adjustment block when a suitable locking angle or torque is reached, Having the return spring urge the return block to return to a position in engagement with the limit seal, restricting rotation of the central pull shaft; and/or the step of disassembling comprises: (1) shifting the adjustment upward a block that disengages the adjustment block from the limit sealing plate, and then rotates the adjustment block to drive the central pull shaft to disengage from the locking plate, and (2) pulls the shaft from the lock at the center Release the adjustment block after the plate is disengaged, Causing the installation
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic assembled perspective view of a battery locking mechanism in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the battery locking mechanism of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the manner of mounting the battery lock mechanism of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 shows an example of the arrangement of the battery locking mechanism on a chassis of a car
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of the lock assembly of the battery lock mechanism of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic assembled perspective view of a battery lock mechanism in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vehicle (or other vehicle, the same below) power battery can be fixedly mounted to the new energy vehicle by a suitably arranged one or more similar battery locking mechanisms (or Other new energy vehicles, the same as the body, such as the chassis of the car.
  • a specific arrangement example of the connection position of the battery lock mechanism at the vehicle body i.e., each of the circled positions
  • the battery locking mechanism includes a stationary assembly 10 and a lock body assembly 20.
  • the fixed assembly 10 is adapted to be coupled to a vehicle body of a new energy vehicle
  • the lock body assembly 20 is adapted to be coupled to a battery housing of an automotive power battery of a new energy vehicle.
  • the battery lock mechanism locks the vehicle power battery to the vehicle body of the new energy vehicle.
  • the battery lock mechanism can be unlocked and the car power battery can be replaced.
  • the illustrated fixing assembly 10 may include a mounting bracket 11 and a locking plate 12 that is connected by four first bolts 13 to appropriate portions of an automobile body such as a car chassis, and the locking plate 12 is composed of two second bolts. 14 is connected to the holder 11. It can be understood that the fixing frame 11 and the locking plate 12 are respectively provided with through holes or bolt holes suitable for the passage of the bolts. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in alternative embodiments, the securing assembly can also be a single component, such as can be integrally formed from both the retainer and the locking plate, thereby omitting at least one assembly step.
  • FIG. 1 Also shown in FIG. 1 are the components of the lock body assembly 20 of the battery lock mechanism, such as a sleeve 21 and a limit seal 28 that together define a receiving space, a central pull shaft 22 received in the receiving space, The adjustment block 23, the return spring 24, the spring seats 25 and 26, the washer 27, and the like.
  • the internal structure of the lock body assembly 20 is more clearly shown in FIG.
  • the battery lock mechanism of FIG. 1 is in a locked state in which the center pull shaft 22 of the lock body assembly 20 is screwed to the lock plate 12 of the fixed assembly 10, thereby fixing a power battery (not shown) to the vehicle body.
  • FIG 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the battery locking mechanism of Figure 1, which is easily understood in conjunction with the figure. The specific structure and interconnection relationship of each component in the battery locking mechanism.
  • the holder 11 in the figure has a first side wall 111 and a second side wall 112 which are substantially perpendicular.
  • the first side wall 111 is provided with a through hole adapted to pass through the first bolt 13 and to be connected to the automobile body.
  • Two bolt holes 114 are formed in the second side wall 112, and are adapted to fix the locking plate 12 of the battery locking mechanism by the second bolt 14.
  • reinforcing ribs 113 may be formed therebetween. It can be understood that, in different embodiments, the number, position, and specific structure, number, and position of the first bolts 13 and the second bolts 14 and the corresponding through holes and bolt holes can be changed according to specific conditions, The connection is fully stable and reliable.
  • the locking plate 12 optionally has a thickened portion 121 in the middle, the thickened portion 121 being formed with a threaded hole 122 adapted to be coupled to the central pull shaft 22 of the lock body assembly 20 and locked together to secure the battery in Bit.
  • the thickened portion 121 increases the strength of the connection of the locking plate 12 to the central pull shaft 22.
  • the locking plate 12 is adapted to be coupled to the second side wall 112 of the mounting frame 11 by the second bolt 14 and the bolt hole 114.
  • the connection is such that the threaded hole 122 and the second side wall 112 are used for the central pulling shaft.
  • the through holes 115 that pass through 22 are aligned and adapted to be coupled to the external threads on the locking segments of the central pull shaft 22.
  • the periphery of the lock body assembly 20 includes a casing 21 and a limit sealing plate 28.
  • the casing 21 has a cylindrical shape with a through hole 211 formed at its top end, and the bottom end is completely open for fitting the limit sealing plate 28.
  • both the casing 21 and the limit seal 28 can be assembled together, for example, but not limited to, in a threaded connection, welded, snapped, or the like.
  • both the casing 21 and the limit seal 28 define an accommodation space.
  • the accommodation space accommodates the center pull shaft 22, the return spring 24, the spring seats 25, 26, the adjustment block 23, and the like.
  • a gasket 27 (for example, made of rubber) is optionally disposed in the top through hole 211 of the casing 21; in addition, the function of the gasket 27 is also included in the power battery being unloaded.
  • the center pull shaft can be fixed, and the number of rotations of the central pull shaft when assembling the power battery can be reduced. It can be appreciated that the gasket 27 can also be omitted where there is a cost reduction and meets the requirements for guiding and damping noise reduction.
  • the center pull shaft 22 is housed in the accommodation space.
  • the central pull shaft 22 itself includes a locking section 221, an adjustment section 222, and a stop between the locking section and the adjustment section.
  • the limiting portion restricts the center pull shaft 22 from coming off the top through hole 211 of the casing 21.
  • the limiting portion is in the form of a circular flange 223; obviously, other implementations of the limiting portion will be apparent to those skilled in the art, which will also fall within the scope of this disclosure. The scope of the invention.
  • the top outer surface of the locking section 221 has external threads for attachment to a threaded bore 122 in the securing assembly 10 (e.g., on its locking plate 12).
  • a threaded bore 122 in the securing assembly 10 e.g., on its locking plate 12
  • the threaded connection of the central pull shaft of the lock body assembly to the lock plate of the fixed assembly is by way of example only.
  • the lock body assembly has another connection manner in which the first connection structure and the fixed assembly have the second connection structure, for example, may be connected by a buckle or the like, that is, the lock body assembly (fixed to the battery case) a horizontal hanging plate is disposed on the locking portion of the central pull shaft as the first connecting structure, and a long groove for the hanging plate is opened on the locking plate of the fixing component (fixed to the automobile body).
  • the locking plate is slid on the locking plate after the hanging plate is rotated through the long slot, and the locking plate is locked.
  • first connecting structure is an externally threaded structure
  • second connecting structure is an internally threaded structure.
  • the adjustment section 222 is used to perform a circumferential rotation adjustment operation on the center pull shaft 22 to perform a locking action and an unlocking action.
  • the adjustment segment 222 is formed with straight splines 224 such that the adjustment block 23 as shown in the figures can be relatively slipped along the adjustment section 222 by its spline slots 236, but limiting the circumference of both Rotate relative to each other.
  • straight splines 224 such that the adjustment block 23 as shown in the figures can be relatively slipped along the adjustment section 222 by its spline slots 236, but limiting the circumference of both Rotate relative to each other.
  • the first engaging structure is provided on the adjusting section 222, and the through hole formed in the flange portion 231 and the extending portion 232 of the adjusting block 23 in the longitudinal direction has a second engaging structure.
  • the first engaging structure and the second engaging structure can limit the circumferential relative rotation of the central pull shaft and the adjusting block, but do not limit the axial sliding of the two.
  • the straight splines and spline slots in the figures are an example of the first engagement structure and the second engagement structure.
  • the locking section 221 is adapted to pass through the through hole in the top of the casing 21 and extend therefrom, extending through the second side of the fixed frame 11.
  • the intermediate through hole 115 in the wall 112 is connected to the threaded hole 122 on the locking plate 12, and the circular flange 223 is restrained in the receiving space formed by the casing 21 and the limiting sealing plate 28, and the adjusting section 222 is also It is placed in the accommodation space.
  • the diameter of the circular flange 223 of the center pull shaft 22 is larger than the diameter of the through hole at the top of the casing 21, so that the center pull shaft 22 does not escape from the through hole at the top of the casing 21 to the outside of the casing 21.
  • the central pull shaft 22 will tension the casing 21 toward the fixed assembly 10, thereby locking the battery to the vehicle body through the lock body assembly 20.
  • the adjustment block 23 is formed with a flange portion at the top such as a circumferential flange 231, and an extension portion 232 extending downward from the lower side surface of the flange portion.
  • the adjustment block 23 is located in the accommodation space.
  • the outside of the flange 231 The diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 282 on the limit sealing plate 28.
  • a convex portion 233 is circumferentially distributed on the lower surface of the circumferential flange 231 so that the flange can be indexed to match the gap of the convex portion 281 on the upper surface of the limiting sealing plate 28, thereby limiting the two Circumferential rotation between.
  • the illustrated adjustment block and the limit sealing plate exemplify a concave-convex structure capable of being indexed and complementary in shape, and the adjusting block and the limiting sealing plate can be joined at a plurality of angular positions along the circumference and limit the circumferential relative of the two. motion.
  • the adjusting block 23 is further formed with an axial through hole 235 adapted to pass through the adjusting portion 222 of the central pull shaft 22, which penetrates the entire adjusting block 23 including the flange 231 and the extending portion 232, and the through hole 235 has a suitable fit therein.
  • the lower end of the extension portion 232 of the adjustment block 23 is adapted to protrude from the through hole 235 on the limit sealing plate 28, and structural features such as the engagement groove 234 and the like can be formed at the bottom end, which is convenient for professionals, The professional tool adjusts the adjustment block 23.
  • the limit closure 28, together with the casing 21, defines an accommodation space that is optionally mounted to the lower open end of the casing 21, such as the bottom end, in the illustrated example.
  • the limiting sealing plate 28 can be mounted on the casing 21 by a suitable means, such as but not limited to the following: by means of a screw connection, an external thread is formed on the outer circumference of the limiting sealing plate 28, and the inside of the lower end of the casing 21 is opened. Threaded engagement; the limit seal 28 can be welded to the lower open end of the casing 21.
  • the upper surface of the limit sealing plate 28 is formed with a circumferentially distributed convex portion 281 adapted to cooperate with the adjustment block 23 for indexing positioning.
  • the convex portion 233 on the adjusting block 23 can enter the groove between the convex portions 281 of the limiting sealing plate 28, and the adjusting block 23 and the limiting sealing plate 28 are engaged with each other to achieve circumferential positioning of the two. .
  • a return spring 24 and two upper and lower spring seats 25, 26 are also disposed in the accommodation space.
  • the return spring 24 is sleeved on the outer side of the adjustment section of the central pull shaft and urges the adjustment block toward the limit sealing plate; the reset spring is sleeved at the center relative to the design that places the return spring inside the central pull shaft.
  • the design outside the shaft reduces manufacturing costs and facilitates assembly of the lock body assembly.
  • the upper and lower portions of the two spring seats 25, 26 abut against the top end (inner surface) of the casing 21 and the top surface of the adjusting block 23, respectively, and the two ends of the return spring 24 abut against the corresponding spring seat 25, 26 on.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a mounting manner of the battery lock mechanism of Fig. 1.
  • the securing assembly 10 is coupled to the automotive chassis frame 30 by bolts (not shown) that are secured to the battery housing member 50 by a liner 40.
  • the locking portion 22 of the central pull shaft 22 extends through the liner 40, the mounting bracket 10 and is coupled to the locking plate 12 to secure the battery to the vehicle body.
  • the lock body assembly 20 is first assembled into the liner 40 in an interference fit, and then the liner 40 is welded into the mounting holes of the battery housing member 50.
  • the mounting hole can be cast in advance or drilled.
  • the lock body assembly 20 and the liner 40 are by inductively tightening the assembly: when the lock body assembly 20 is assembled to the liner 40, the liner 40 can be inductively heated on the liner 40 using a thermal induction coil. After the liner 40 is thermally expanded, the lock body assembly 20 is fitted into the liner 40; after returning to normal temperature, the two will be tightly fixed together to achieve an interference fit.
  • the lock body assembly 20 can be simultaneously cooled and contracted during assembly to further facilitate assembly of the two.
  • the solder joints may be advantageously distributed at the bottom of the liner 40 and at the periphery of the open end.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the arrangement of the battery locking mechanism on a chassis of a car.
  • the circled position 31 in the figure is the schematic mounting position of the battery lock mechanism.
  • a total of eight battery locking mechanisms are arranged on the chassis frame 30 of the vehicle, and two are arranged on the front, rear, left and right sides, respectively.
  • a fixed component is disposed at the respective positions of the chassis frame of the automobile
  • a lock body assembly is disposed at a corresponding position of the power battery of the automobile, so that after the automobile power battery is aligned with the vehicle body, each lock body assembly Align the corresponding fixed components.
  • those skilled in the art will be able to mount the battery latching mechanism in other numbers and positions.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of the lock assembly of the battery lock mechanism of Figure 1.
  • the present invention advantageously employs an ingot 60 or 70 and welds it to the battery housing member 50.
  • through holes 61, 71 corresponding to the positions of the fixing members on the vehicle body and adapted to mount the lock body assembly are formed on the ingot 60 or 70 by drilling or the like. It can be understood that in the case of ensuring positional accuracy, it can also be considered
  • the through holes 61, 71 are first formed on the ingot 60 or 70, and then the welding operation is performed.
  • the ingot 60 is suitable for the case where the lock body assembly is provided at the corner of the battery case member
  • the ingot 70 is suitable for the case where the lock body assembly is provided at the plane of the battery case member.
  • a method of installing and disassembling a vehicle power battery to a new energy vehicle using a battery lock mechanism can be understood, for example, but not limited to, the following steps, wherein the steps of installing include: 1) Align the car power battery with the lock body assembly of the battery lock mechanism to the fixed component attached to the car body of the new energy vehicle, and (2) (professional or special tool) push the adjustment block upwards to make the adjustment block Disengaged from the limit sealing plate, then rotate the adjusting block to drive the central pull shaft to engage the locking plate, (3) release the adjusting block when the appropriate locking angle or torque is reached, so that the return spring pushes the adjusting block back to the limit
  • the position at which the sealing plate is engaged limits the rotation of the central pulling shaft; and/or the steps of disassembling include: (1) (professional or special tool) pushing the adjusting block upward, disengaging the adjusting block from the limiting sealing plate, and then adjusting the rotation The block thus drives the central pull shaft to disengage from the locking plate, and
  • the present application also teaches a new energy vehicle that includes the aforementioned lock body assembly.
  • a new energy vehicle including the aforementioned battery lock mechanism is also taught, which includes an automobile power battery that is assembled to an automobile body by the battery lock mechanism.
  • the lock body assembly is secured to the automotive power battery by an intermediate connector into which the lock body assembly is interference fit.
  • the intermediate connector can be fixed to the battery case of the automotive power battery by soldering.
  • the intermediate connector may be a circular sleeve welded in a bore in the battery housing; or the intermediate connector may be a cast bracket adapted to be welded to the side of the battery housing, There is a bore for receiving the lock body assembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于电池锁止机构的锁体组件，包括限定了容纳空间的套壳（21）和限位封板（28），容纳空间内具有中心拉轴（22）、调节块（23）和复位弹簧（24），复位弹簧（24）套设在中心拉轴（22）上用于朝向限位封板（28）推压调节块（23）。还公开了包括该锁体组件的动力电池、电池锁止机构、新能源交通工具，以及使用该电池锁止机构向新能源交通工具安装和拆卸动力电池的方法。该锁体组件成本低、易操作并且稳定可靠。

Description

锁体组件、动力电池、其锁止机构及使用方法、交通工具 技术领域
本发明涉及新能源交通工具技术领域；具体地说，本发明涉及一种用于新能源交通工具的电池锁止机构的锁体组件，并进一步涉及包括这种锁体组件的动力电池、电池锁止机构及使用方法以及包括这种电池锁止机构的新能源交通工具。
背景技术
新能源交通工具已经成为当今的研究热点。
新能源汽车是一种典型的新能源交通工具，在这类汽车中通常利用电池电能来辅助或替代常规的内燃发动机为汽车提供动力。下文中将主要以新能源汽车为例进行描述；可以了解，类似的描述同样适用于其它类型的新能源交通工具。
对于现在的插电式新能源汽车，汽车动力电池具有充电等待时间长、不当操作易影响电池寿命等问题。所以，相较而言，换电式新能源车将会更受用户的青睐。使用换电式新能源车的消费者不必等待电池充电，而是在换电站由专业人员、专业设备对汽车进行快速的电池更换操作。
作为非限制性示例，现有的换电式新能源汽车的动力电池通过电池锁止机构而固定在汽车车身(例如底盘)上。可见，相比于其它技术领域的锁止装置，用于新能源汽车换电系统的电池锁止机构在控制成本的前提下还需要满足易于操作、锁止稳定可靠等要求，为设计、制造和生产带来了新的挑战。这同样适于其它新能源交通工具。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于新能源交通工具的电池锁止机构的低成本、易操作并且稳定可靠的锁体组件。进一步地，本发明的目的还在于提供了包括这种锁体组件的汽车动力电池、电池锁止机构及使用方法以及包括这种电池锁 止机构的新能源汽车。
为了实现前述目的，本发明的第一方面提供了一种用于电池锁止机构的锁体组件，所述电池锁止机构还包括适于连接至新能源交通工具的固定组件，所述锁体组件包括：
套壳，所述套壳呈底端开放的筒形，并且所述套壳的顶端形成有通孔；
限位封板，所述限位封板与所述套壳限定了容纳空间，并且所述限位封板上形成有通孔，所述限位封板的上表面形成有第一接合部；以及
容置于所述容纳空间内的中心拉轴、调节块以及复位弹簧，其中
所述中心拉轴具有锁紧段、调节段和位于所述锁紧段与所述调节段之间的限位部，所述锁紧段从所述套壳的通孔中伸出但所述限位部被限制在所述容纳空间内，所述锁紧段上具有第一连接结构，所述调节段上具有第一接合结构，
所述调节块包括凸缘部和从所述凸缘部的下侧面延伸的延伸部，所述凸缘部的所述下侧面上形成有第二接合部，并且沿纵向贯穿所述调节块的所述凸缘部和所述延伸部形成有具有第二接合结构的通孔，所述延伸部从所述限位封板的通孔伸出到所述容纳空间外以便于操作，
所述复位弹簧套设在所述中心拉轴的调节段上用于朝向所述限位封板推压所述调节块，并且
所述第一接合部适于与所述第二接合部接合用于分度地限制所述限位封板与所述调节块的周向相对转动，所述第一接合结构与所述第二接合结构接合并且限制所述中心拉轴与所述调节块的周向相对转动，所述第一连接结构适于与所述固定组件上的第二连接结构接合用于限制所述固定组件与所述锁体组件的轴向相对移动。
可选地，在如前所述的锁体组件中，所述中心拉轴的限位部为圆形的凸缘。
可选地，在如前所述的锁体组件中，所述第一接合部和所述第二接合部为分度地形状互补的凹凸结构。
可选地，在如前所述的锁体组件中，所述第一接合结构和所述第二接合结构构成键槽连接。
可选地，在如前所述的锁体组件中，所述第一接合结构和所述第二接合 结构分别为匹配的花键结构和键槽结构。
可选地，在如前所述的锁体组件中，所述第一连接结构和所述第二连接结构为匹配的外螺纹结构和内螺纹结构。
可选地，在如前所述的锁体组件中，所述复位弹簧的两端分别设置有弹簧座，所述弹簧座在所述容纳空间内分别抵靠所述套壳的顶端及所述调节块的顶面。
可选地，在如前所述的锁体组件中，所述套壳的顶端的通孔中设置有垫圈。
可选地，在如前所述的锁体组件中，所述限位封板接合至所述套壳的底端。
为了实现前述目的，本发明的第二方面提供了一种用于新能源交通工具的动力电池，所述动力电池的电池壳体上设置有如前述第一方面中任一项所述的锁体组件。
为了实现前述目的，本发明的第三方面提供了一种电池锁止机构，所述电池锁止机构包括适于连接至新能源交通工具的动力电池的电池壳体的锁体组件，其中所述锁体组件为如前述第一方面中任一项所述的锁体组件，并且所述电池锁止机构还包括所述适于连接至新能源交通工具的固定组件。
可选地，在如前所述的电池锁止机构中，所述固定组件包括固定架和锁紧板，所述锁紧板通过所述固定架装配至所述交能源交通工具，所述第二连接结构形成在所述锁紧板中。
为了实现前述目的，本发明的第四方面提供了一种新能源交通工具，所述新能源交通工具包括通过如前述第三方面中任一项所述的电池锁止机构装配的动力电池。
可选地，在如前所述的新能源交通工具中，所述锁体组件通过中间连接件固定到所述动力电池，所述锁体组件过盈配合到所述中间连接件内，所述中间连接件通过焊接固定至所述动力电池的电池壳体。
可选地，在如前所述的新能源交通工具中，所述中间连接件为圆形套筒，其焊接在所述电池壳体上的钻孔内。
可选地，在如前所述的新能源交通工具中，所述中间连接件为适于焊接 至所述电池壳体侧面上的铸造支架，所述铸造支架上具有用于容纳所述锁体组件的钻孔。
可选地，在如前所述的新能源交通工具中，所述新能源交通工具为新能源汽车，所述固定组件连接至所述新能源汽车的车身底盘。
为了实现前述目的，本发明的第五方面提供了一种使用如前述第三方面中任一项所述的电池锁止机构向新能源交通工具安装和拆卸动力电池的方法，其中，所述安装的步骤包括：(1)将带有所述电池锁止机构的锁体组件的动力电池对齐至连接在新能源交通工具上的固定组件，(2)向上推移所述调节块，使所述调节块与所述限位封板脱离，然后转动所述调节块从而驱动所述中心拉轴接合至所述锁紧板，(3)当达到适当的锁紧角度或扭矩时释放所述调节块，使得所述复位弹簧推动所述调节块返回到与所述限位封板接合的位置，限制所述中心拉轴的转动；和/或所述拆卸的步骤包括：(1)向上推移所述调节块，使所述调节块与所述限位封板脱离，然后转动所述调节块从而驱动所述中心拉轴从所述锁紧板脱离，(2)在所述中心拉轴从所述锁紧板脱离后释放所述调节块，使得所述复位弹簧推动所述调节块返回到与所述限位封板接合的位置，限制所述中心拉轴的转动，(3)将带有所述锁体组件的所述动力电池从所述固定组件移离。
附图说明
参照附图，本发明的公开内容将更加显然。应当了解，这些附图仅仅用于说明的目的，而并非意在对本发明的保护范围构成限制。图中：
图1是根据本发明的一种实施方式的电池锁止机构的示意性组装立体图；
图2是图1中电池锁止机构的示意性分解立体图；
图3是表示图1中电池锁止机构的安装方式的示意性截面图；
图4示出了电池锁止机构在一个汽车底盘上的布置的示例；以及
图5是图1中电池锁止机构的锁体组件的一种安装方式的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图详细地说明本发明的具体实施方式。在各附图中，相同的附图标记表示相同或相应的技术特征。
下文将主要以关于新能源汽车的应用进行说明；可以了解，这些描述将同样适用于其它新能源交通工具。
图1是根据本发明的一种实施方式的电池锁止机构的示意性组装立体图。可以了解，在实际应用中，可以通过适当布置的一个或者多个类似的电池锁止机构而将汽车(或其它交通工具，下同)动力电池以可装卸的方式固定安装至新能源汽车(或其它新能源交通工具，下同)的车身，例如汽车的底盘。图4中示出了电池锁止机构在汽车车身的连接位置(即各个圈出位置)的一种具体布置示例。
虽然本申请中以将汽车动力电池装配在汽车车身底盘为例示，但是，根据本发明的教示，所属技术领域的技术人员可以想到利用根据本发明的电池锁止机构将动力电池以可装卸的方式安装到新能源汽车的其它可能适合的位置的技术方案，例如但不限于汽车行李箱、动力机舱内等；在本申请文件中不再就这些位置的安装展开描述。
从图1中可以看出，该电池锁止机构包括固定组件10以及锁体组件20。固定组件10适于连接到新能源汽车的汽车车身，而锁体组件20适于连接到新能源汽车的汽车动力电池的电池壳体。因而，当锁体组件20例如通过其中心拉轴22连接到固定组件10时，电池锁止机构便将汽车动力电池锁止至新能源汽车的汽车车身。在需要换电时，可以解锁该电池锁止机构并且对汽车动力电池进行更换。
图示的固定组件10可以包括固定架11和锁紧板12，固定架11由四个第一螺栓13连接至例如汽车底盘等汽车车身上适当的部位，锁紧板12由两个第二螺栓14连接至固定架11。可以了解，固定架11和锁紧板12上分别设置有适于这些螺栓穿过的通孔或螺栓孔。所属技术领域的技术人员可以了解，在可选的实施方式中，固定组件也可以为单一的部件，例如可以由固定架和锁紧板二者一体形成，从而省略至少一个装配步骤。
图1中还示出了电池锁止机构的锁体组件20的组成构件，例如共同限定了容纳空间的套壳21和限位封板28、容置于该容纳空间内的中心拉轴22、调节块23、复位弹簧24、弹簧座25和26以及垫圈27等。该锁体组件20的内部结构更清楚地示出于图2中。该图1中的电池锁止机构处于锁止状态，其中锁体组件20的中心拉轴22螺接至固定组件10的锁紧板12，从而将未图示的动力电池固定于汽车车身。
图2是图1中电池锁止机构的示意性分解立体图，结合该图易于了解该 电池锁止机构中各个部件的具体结构及相互连接关系。
图中的固定架11具有基本垂直的第一侧壁111和第二侧壁112。第一侧壁111上设有通孔，适于第一螺栓13穿过并且连接至汽车车身。第二侧壁112上形成有两个螺栓孔114，适于通过第二螺栓14来固定电池锁止机构的锁紧板12。为了加固两个侧壁111、112，二者之间可以形成有加强筋113。可以了解，在不同的实施方式中，可以根据具体情况改变第一螺栓13和第二螺栓14及相应的通孔和螺栓孔的个数、位置以及加强筋113的具体结构、数量和位置，以实现连接充分稳定可靠的目的。
锁紧板12可选地在中间具有加厚部分121，该加厚部分121形成有螺纹孔122，适于与锁体组件20的中心拉轴22连接并锁止在一起，从而将电池固定在位。该加厚部分121增加了锁紧板12与中心拉轴22的连接强度。锁紧板12适于通过第二螺栓14和螺栓孔114连接在固定架11的第二侧壁112上，这样，该连接使得螺纹孔122与该第二侧壁112上用以供中心拉轴22穿过的通孔115相对齐并且适于与中心拉轴22的锁紧段上的外螺纹相连接。
同时，图中更清楚地示出了锁体组件20的各个构件。
锁体组件20的外围包括套壳21和限位封板28。在图示示例中，套壳21呈圆筒状，顶端形成有通孔211；底端则完全开放，适于装配限位封板28。作为示例，套壳21和限位封板28两者可以例如但不限于为螺纹连接、焊接、卡接等方式装配在一起。参考图1，在装配完成后，套壳21和限位封板28二者限定了容纳空间。该容纳空间容纳着中心拉轴22、复位弹簧24、弹簧座25、26和调节块23等。为了实现有利的导向以及减震减噪作用，套壳21的顶部通孔211内还可选地布置有(例如橡胶制成的)垫圈27；另外，垫圈27的作用还包括在动力电池被卸下后还能固定中心拉轴，同时能减少装配动力电池时中心拉轴的旋转圈数。可以了解，在具有降低成本并且满足导向和减震减噪要求的情况下，也可以省略垫圈27。
中心拉轴22装在该容纳空间内。中心拉轴22本身包括锁紧段221、调节段222和位于锁紧段与调节段之间的限位部。该限位部限制中心拉轴22不会从套壳21的顶部通孔211脱落。在图示示例中，限位部呈圆形的凸缘223的形式；显然，所属技术领域的技术人员可以想到限位部的其它实现形式，这将也落入本 发明的范围。
锁紧段221的顶部外表面上具有外螺纹，用于连接到固定组件10中(例如其锁紧板12上)的螺纹孔122。可以了解，此处的锁体组件的中心拉轴与固定组件的锁紧板的螺纹连接仅为示例的方式。所属技术领域的技术人员还可以想到锁体组件具有第一连接结构与固定组件具有第二连接结构的其它连接方式，例如可以通过挂扣等连接，即，可以在锁体组件(固定于电池壳体)的中心拉轴的锁紧段上设置横设的挂板作为第一连接结构，并且固定组件(固定于汽车车身)的锁紧板上开有供挂板穿过的长槽，此时的锁紧板作为第二连接结构，在将挂板穿过该长槽后旋转一定角度后挂扣在锁紧板上，实现锁止。结合图示实施方式，其中第一连接结构为外螺纹结构，第二连接结构为内螺纹结构。
调节段222用于对中心拉轴22进行周向转动调节操作以执行锁止动作和解锁动作。在图示示例中，调节段222上形成有直花键224，使得如图中所示的调节块23能够通过其花键槽236沿该调节段222相对地滑移，但是限制了二者的周向相对转动。根据本申请的教示，所属技术领域的技术人员可以想到在此处应用其它形式的匹配的键槽连接。更进一步地，所属技术领域的技术人员可以想到在调节段222上具有第一接合结构，并且沿纵向贯穿调节块23的凸缘部231和延伸部232形成有的通孔具有第二接合结构，其中第一接合结构和第二接合结构能够限制中心拉轴与调节块的周向相对转动，但不限制二者的轴向滑动。图中的直花键和花键槽为该第一接合结构和该第二接合结构的一个示例。
参考图1的实施方式，当中心拉轴22安装在套壳21内时，锁紧段221适于穿过套壳21顶部的通孔并且从中伸出、延伸穿过固定架11的第二侧壁112上的中间通孔115并连接至锁紧板12上的螺纹孔122，而圆形凸缘223则被限制在套壳21和限位封板28构成的容纳空间内，调节段222也容置于容纳空间内。中心拉轴22的圆形凸缘223的直径大于套壳21顶部的通孔的直径，所以中心拉轴22不会从该套壳21顶部的通孔脱离到套壳21外。这样，中心拉轴22将向着固定组件10拉紧套壳21，从而通过锁体组件20将电池锁紧至汽车车身。
如图2所示，调节块23上形成有位于顶部的凸缘部例如圆周凸缘231，以及从凸缘部的下侧面向下延伸的延伸部232。调节块23位于容纳空间内。为了防止调节块23从容纳空间中脱落并且能够接合到限位封板28，凸缘231的外 径大于限位封板28上的通孔282的内径。圆周凸缘231的下表面上沿圆周向分布有凸起部233，使得凸缘能够分度定位地与限位封板28的上表面上的凸起部281的间隙相配合，限制二者之间的周向旋转。
所属技术领域的技术人员同样可以想到其它的接合部来替代调节块的凸起部233及限位封板28上的凸起部281(及其间隙)；例如，可以在限位封板的表面上形成第一接合部，在调节块的凸缘部的下侧面上形成第二接合部，只需二者适于彼此接合能够分度地限制限位封板与调节块的周向相对运动(但不限制轴向的相对运动)即可。图示调节块和限位封板中即例示了一种能够分度地形状互补的凹凸结构，调节块和限位封板可以在沿圆周的若干个角度位置接合并限制二者的周向相对运动。
调节块23上还形成有适合中心拉轴22的调节部222穿过的轴向通孔235，其贯穿包括凸缘231和延伸部232的整个调节块23，通孔235内具有适于与该调节部222的花键配合的花键槽236。调节块23的延伸部232的下端适于从限位封板28上的通孔235中伸出，并且在底端处可以形成有便于操作的结构特征，例如接合槽234等，便于专业人员、专业工具对调节块23进行调节。
限位封板28与套壳21一起限定了容纳空间，在图示示例中其可选地安装在套壳21的下部开放端，例如底端。限位封板28可以通过适当的方式安装在套壳21上，例如但不限于如下方式：通过螺纹连接，在限位封板28的外周上形成有外螺纹，与套壳21下部开放端的内螺纹接合；限位封板28可以与套壳21的下部开放端焊接在一起。限位封板28的上表面上形成有沿周向分布的凸起部281，适于与调节块23配合以进行分度定位。具体地，调节块23上的凸起部233可以进入到限位封板28的凸起部281之间的槽内，调节块23与限位封板28相互咬合从而实现二者的周向定位。
结合图1及图2可以了解，在该容纳空间内还布置有复位弹簧24和上下两个弹簧座25、26。复位弹簧24在外侧套设在中心拉轴的调节段上并且朝向限位封板推压调节块；相对于将复位弹簧置于中心拉轴内部的设计，这种将复位弹簧套设在中心拉轴外部的设计减少了制造成本并且方便了锁体组件的装配。两个弹簧座25、26在容纳空间内上部和下部分别抵靠着套壳21的顶端(内表面)以及调节块23的顶面，复位弹簧24的两端抵靠在相应的弹簧座25、26上。可以 了解，复位弹簧24的弹簧力将调节块23推向限位封板28；当调节块23和限位封板28咬合在一起时，限制了中心拉轴22的周向转动。所属技术领域的技术人员还可以想到其它形式的复位元件来替换图示示例中的压缩弹簧。
图3是表示图1中电池锁止机构的安装方式的示意性截面图。
在图3中，固定组件10通过螺栓(未图示)连接至汽车底盘框架30，锁体组件20通过衬筒40固定到电池壳体构件50上。如图中所示处于锁紧位置，中心拉轴22的锁紧部22延伸穿过衬筒40、固定架10并与锁紧板12连接在一起，将电池固定至汽车车身。
在一种装配方法中，先将锁体组件20以过盈配合的方式装配到衬筒40内，然后再将衬筒40焊接到电池壳体构件50的安装孔内。该安装孔可以是提前铸造或钻削而成的。例如，锁体组件20和衬筒40通过感应缩紧装配的方法进行：将锁体组件20装配至衬筒40时，可以使用热感应线圈绕在衬筒40上对衬筒40进行感应加热，在衬筒40受热膨胀后将锁体组件20套进衬筒40；在恢复常温后，二者将紧密固定在一起实现过盈的紧配合。可选地，装配时也可以同时使锁体组件20降温收缩，以进一步便于两者的组装。在将衬筒40焊接至电池壳体时，焊点可以有利地分布在衬筒40的底部和开口端的周边处。
图4示出了电池锁止机构在一个汽车底盘上的布置的示例。图中圈出的位置31为电池锁止机构的示意性安装位置。可以看出，该示例中，为了保证电池安装的稳定性，汽车底盘框架30上共布置八个电池锁止机构，在前、后、左、右侧分别布置了两个。具体地说，是在汽车底盘框架的这些相应位置处设置有固定组件、在汽车动力电池的相应位置处设置有锁体组件，这样，在将汽车动力电池与汽车车身对齐后，各个锁体组件将相应的固定组件对齐。可以了解，在可选的实施方式中，所属技术领域的技术人员能够以其它数量、位置对电池锁止机构进行安装。
图5是图1中电池锁止机构的锁体组件的一种安装方式的示意图。如图所示，在电池的所示位置处本身不存在设置安装孔的条件。在这种情况下，本发明有利地采用了铸块60或70，并将其焊接到电池壳体构件50上。然后，通过钻削等方式在铸块60或70上形成与汽车车身上的固定组件位置相应并且适于安装锁体组件的通孔61、71。可以了解，在保证位置精度的情况下，也可以考虑 先在铸块60或70上加工出通孔61、71、然后再进行焊接操作。从图中可以看出，铸块60适合于在电池壳体构件的拐角处设置锁体组件的情况，而铸块70适合于在电池壳体构件的平面处设置锁体组件的情况。结合本申请的说明及图5的例示，可以了解，本申请已经教示了一种用于新能源汽车的汽车动力电池，所述汽车动力电池的电池壳体上可以设置有根据前述的锁体组件。
结合以上详细说明，可以了解使用根据本发明的图示实施方式的电池锁止机构向新能源汽车安装和拆卸汽车动力电池的方法例如(但不限于)如下步骤，其中，安装的步骤包括：(1)将带有电池锁止机构的锁体组件的汽车动力电池对齐至连接在新能源汽车的汽车车身上的固定组件，(2)(专业人员或者专用工具)向上推移调节块，使调节块与限位封板脱离，然后转动调节块从而驱动中心拉轴接合至锁紧板，(3)当达到适当的锁紧角度或扭矩时释放调节块，使得复位弹簧推动调节块返回到与限位封板接合的位置，限制中心拉轴的转动；和/或，拆卸的步骤包括：(1)(专业人员或者专用工具)向上推移调节块，使调节块与限位封板脱离，然后转动调节块从而驱动中心拉轴从锁紧板脱离，(2)在中心拉轴从锁紧板脱离后释放调节块，使得复位弹簧推动调节块返回与限位封板接合的位置，限制中心拉轴的转动；(3)将带有锁体组件的汽车动力电池从汽车车身的固定组件移离。
结合前述说明，可以了解，本申请还教示了包括前述的锁体组件的新能源汽车。同时，还教示了包括前述的电池锁止机构的新能源汽车，其包括通过该电池锁止机构装配至汽车车身的汽车动力电池。结合图3和图5，锁体组件通过一种中间连接件固定到汽车动力电池，锁体组件过盈配合到该中间连接件内。该中间连接件可以通过焊接固定至汽车动力电池的电池壳体。具体地，该中间连接件可以为圆形套筒，其焊接在所述电池壳体上的钻孔内；或者，该中间连接件可以为适于焊接至电池壳体侧面上的铸造支架，其上具有用于容纳锁体组件的钻孔。
在此基础上，所属技术领域的技术人员依据新能源汽车的示例，易于获得包括同样的锁体组件或电池锁止机构的其它类型的新能源交通工具。
本发明的技术范围不仅仅局限于上述说明中的内容，本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明技术思想的前提下，对上述实施方式进行多种变形和修改，而 这些变形和修改均应当属于本发明的范围内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种用于电池锁止机构的锁体组件，其特征在于，所述电池锁止机构还包括适于连接至新能源交通工具的固定组件，所述锁体组件包括：
    套壳，所述套壳呈底端开放的筒形，并且所述套壳的顶端形成有通孔；
    限位封板，所述限位封板与所述套壳限定了容纳空间，并且所述限位封板上形成有通孔，所述限位封板的上表面形成有第一接合部；以及
    容置于所述容纳空间内的中心拉轴、调节块以及复位弹簧，其中
    所述中心拉轴具有锁紧段、调节段和位于所述锁紧段与所述调节段之间的限位部，所述锁紧段从所述套壳的通孔中伸出但所述限位部被限制在所述容纳空间内，所述锁紧段上具有第一连接结构，所述调节段上具有第一接合结构，
    所述调节块包括凸缘部和从所述凸缘部的下侧面延伸的延伸部，所述凸缘部的所述下侧面上形成有第二接合部，并且沿纵向贯穿所述调节块的所述凸缘部和所述延伸部形成有具有第二接合结构的通孔，所述延伸部从所述限位封板的通孔伸出到所述容纳空间外以便于操作，
    所述复位弹簧套设在所述中心拉轴的调节段上用于朝向所述限位封板推压所述调节块，并且
    所述第一接合部适于与所述第二接合部接合用于分度地限制所述限位封板与所述调节块的周向相对转动，所述第一接合结构与所述第二接合结构接合并且限制所述中心拉轴与所述调节块的周向相对转动，所述第一连接结构适于与所述固定组件上的第二连接结构接合用于限制所述固定组件与所述锁体组件的轴向相对移动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的锁体组件，其中，所述中心拉轴的限位部为圆形的凸缘。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的锁体组件，其中，所述第一接合部和所述第二接合部为形状互补的凹凸结构。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的锁体组件，其中，所述第一接合结构和所述第二接合结构构成键槽连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的锁体组件，其中，所述第一接合结构和所述第二接合结构分别为匹配的花键结构和键槽结构。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的锁体组件，其中，所述第一连接结构和所述第二连接结构为匹配的外螺纹结构和内螺纹结构。
  7. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的锁体组件，其中，所述复位弹簧的两端分别设置有弹簧座，所述弹簧座在所述容纳空间内分别抵靠所述套壳的顶端及所述调节块的顶面。
  8. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的锁体组件，其中，所述套壳的顶端的通孔中设置有垫圈。
  9. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的锁体组件，其中，所述限位封板接合至所述套壳的底端。
  10. 一种用于新能源交通工具的动力电池，其特征在于，所述动力电池的电池壳体上设置有如前述权利要求1至9中任一项所述的锁体组件。
  11. 一种电池锁止机构，其特征在于，所述电池锁止机构包括适于连接至新能源交通工具的动力电池的电池壳体的锁体组件，其中所述锁体组件为如前述权利要求1至9中任一项所述的锁体组件，并且所述电池锁止机构还包括所述适于连接至新能源交通工具的固定组件。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电池锁止机构，其中，所述固定组件包括固定架和锁紧板，所述锁紧板通过所述固定架装配至所述新能源交通工具，所述第二连接结构形成在所述锁紧板中。
  13. 一种新能源交通工具，其特征在于，所述新能源交通工具包括通过如前述权利要求11或12所述的电池锁止机构装配的动力电池。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的新能源交通工具，其中，所述锁体组件通过中间连接件固定到所述动力电池，所述锁体组件过盈配合到所述中间连接件内，所述中间连接件通过焊接固定至所述动力电池的电池壳体。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的新能源交通工具，其中，所述中间连接件为圆形套筒，其焊接在所述电池壳体上的钻孔内。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的新能源交通工具，其中，所述中间连接件为适于焊接至所述电池壳体侧面上的铸造支架，所述铸造支架上具有用于容纳所述锁体组件的钻孔。
  17. 如权利要求13至16中任一项所述的新能源交通工具，其中，所述新能源交 通工具为新能源汽车，所述固定组件连接至所述新能源汽车的车身底盘。
  18. 一种使用如权利要求11或12所述的电池锁止机构向新能源交通工具安装和拆卸动力电池的方法，其特征在于，所述安装的步骤包括：(1)将带有所述电池锁止机构的锁体组件的动力电池对齐至连接在新能源交通工具上的固定组件，(2)向上推移所述调节块，使所述调节块与所述限位封板脱离，然后转动所述调节块从而驱动所述中心拉轴接合至所述锁紧板，(3)当达到适当的锁紧角度或扭矩时释放所述调节块，使得所述复位弹簧推动所述调节块返回到与所述限位封板接合的位置，限制所述中心拉轴的转动；和/或所述拆卸的步骤包括：(1)向上推移所述调节块，使所述调节块与所述限位封板脱离，然后转动所述调节块从而驱动所述中心拉轴从所述锁紧板脱离，(2)在所述中心拉轴从所述锁紧板脱离后释放所述调节块，使得所述复位弹簧推动所述调节块返回到与所述限位封板接合的位置，限制所述中心拉轴的转动，(3)将带有所述锁体组件的所述动力电池从所述固定组件移离。
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