WO2018010161A1 - 制动装置及登机桥 - Google Patents

制动装置及登机桥 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018010161A1
WO2018010161A1 PCT/CN2016/090121 CN2016090121W WO2018010161A1 WO 2018010161 A1 WO2018010161 A1 WO 2018010161A1 CN 2016090121 W CN2016090121 W CN 2016090121W WO 2018010161 A1 WO2018010161 A1 WO 2018010161A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brake
boarding bridge
wheel
belt
brake device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/090121
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韦飞鹏
向卫
黄健明
聂继方
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China International Marine Containers Group Co Ltd
Shenzhen CIMC Tianda Airport Support Ltd
Original Assignee
China International Marine Containers Group Co Ltd
Shenzhen CIMC Tianda Airport Support Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China International Marine Containers Group Co Ltd, Shenzhen CIMC Tianda Airport Support Ltd filed Critical China International Marine Containers Group Co Ltd
Priority to ES16908486T priority Critical patent/ES2919235T3/es
Priority to PCT/CN2016/090121 priority patent/WO2018010161A1/zh
Priority to US15/747,429 priority patent/US10377506B2/en
Priority to EP16908486.0A priority patent/EP3486178B1/en
Publication of WO2018010161A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018010161A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • B64F1/30—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations for embarking or disembarking passengers
    • B64F1/305—Bridges extending between terminal building and aircraft, e.g. telescopic, vertically adjustable
    • B64F1/3055—Bridges extending between terminal building and aircraft, e.g. telescopic, vertically adjustable with hinged head interface between aircraft and passenger bridge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • B64F1/30—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations for embarking or disembarking passengers
    • B64F1/305—Bridges extending between terminal building and aircraft, e.g. telescopic, vertically adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/005—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles by locking of wheel or transmission rotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • B64C1/22—Other structures integral with fuselages to facilitate loading, e.g. cargo bays, cranes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D63/00—Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups F16D49/00 - F16D61/00
    • F16D63/006—Positive locking brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • B64F1/30—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations for embarking or disembarking passengers
    • B64F1/31—Passenger vehicles specially adapted to co-operate, e.g. dock, with aircraft or terminal buildings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brake device for a boarding bridge and a boarding bridge.
  • the pick-up port is the component that directly contacts the aircraft door when the boarding bridge and the aircraft are docked. In order to realize the close and reliable docking of the docking port with the aircraft door, the docking angle of the docking machine port needs to be adjusted.
  • the port is pivotally coupled to the boarding bridge channel and is rotated by a rotary drive to surround the channel table of the boarding bridge channel.
  • the existing docking port rotary driving device is composed of a driving motor, a chain, a sprocket, etc., wherein the driving motor is fixedly mounted on the docking port, and the driving sprocket is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor through a suitable speed reducing mechanism.
  • the chain is fixed to the boarding bridge channel and, in particular, to the outer circumference of the channel table.
  • the chain engages the drive sprocket and engages the appropriate intermediate sprocket.
  • the drive motor rotates such that the drive sprocket rotates while engaging the chain, thereby causing the pick-up port to rotate about the channel turntable.
  • a double-chain driving device for a boarding bridge port is disclosed in the Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN10299169A, filed on Oct. 16, 2012.
  • the first sprocket and the double-row chain drive the first sprocket, and the first sprocket meshes with the double-row chain to drive the docking port to rotate relative to the boarding bridge channel.
  • the chain's minimum breaking force is doubled.
  • a detecting means for detecting the operating state of the chain is provided at the end of the chain to issue an alarm when the chain is broken or the nut of the fixed chain is loosened.
  • the transmission is performed by using at least double chains to reduce the risk of breakage of one of the chains. And by setting the detection device, it is possible to give a fault alarm in time when a failure occurs.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a boarding bridge in which the brake device of the present invention is mounted.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a brake device for a boarding bridge including a boarding bridge passage, a docking port, and a rotary drive
  • the rotary drive device including the a drive motor on the docking port, a drive wheel mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, two follower wheels mounted on the boarding bridge passage, and a drive belt, the drive belt and the drive wheel and the follower wheel Cooperating, and both ends thereof are fixed to the boarding bridge passage, characterized in that the braking device comprises a locking member and at least one brake assembly.
  • each of the brake assemblies includes a swinging member rotatably mounted on the docking port, a swinging wheel mounted on the swinging member, and an elastic member
  • the elastic member has a pre-tightening force, and the oscillating wheel cooperates with the outer side of the transmission belt to form an abutting force for balancing the pre-tightening force of the elastic member.
  • the pre-tightening force of the elastic member causes the swinging member to move toward the locking member The direction is rotated and locked with the locking member to achieve braking.
  • the driving wheel and the follower wheel are both sprocket wheels
  • the driving belt is a transmission chain
  • the oscillating wheel is a swing sprocket
  • the portion of the belt between the two of the follower wheels is "V" shaped;
  • the brake assembly includes two sets, respectively a first brake assembly and a second brake assembly The first brake assembly and the second brake assembly are symmetrically disposed outside the portion of the "V" shaped belt.
  • the locking member is a chain or a rack
  • the swinging member is provided with a a plurality of meshing teeth that mesh with the chain or the rack.
  • the locking member is provided with a bump structure
  • the swinging member is provided with a groove structure capable of cooperating with the bump structure
  • the locking member is provided with a first friction structure
  • the swinging member is provided with a second friction structure that can cooperate with the first friction structure
  • the elastic member is a tension spring or a compression spring, one end of which is connected to the swinging member, and the other end is connected to the docking port.
  • the swinging member is mounted on the docking port by a pivoting shaft, and the elastic member is a torsion spring mounted on the pivoting shaft.
  • the oscillating member is fixed to the axle of the follower wheel.
  • the transmission belt is loose or when a portion between the follower wheel and the drive wheel is broken, the swinging member is lockedly engaged with the locking member to achieve braking.
  • the brake assembly further includes a brake travel switch that triggers the brake travel switch during rotation of the swing member in the direction of the lock member.
  • the brake travel switch is mounted on the pick-up port, and the movable portion of the brake travel switch is located on the swing path of the swinging member.
  • a trigger signal is sent to the control system of the boarding bridge, and the control system controls the drive motor to stop rotating according to the trigger signal.
  • a boarding bridge includes a boarding bridge passage, a docking station, and a rotary drive that drives rotation of the docking station, which further includes the brake device of the present invention.
  • the braking device of the invention adopts the mechanical braking mode, and does not need electrical control.
  • the braking device can immediately brake and the connecting port stops rotating, the braking is timely and reliable, and the boarding bridge is effectively avoided.
  • the safety of the machine is better protected by the safety hazard caused by the broken or loose belt.
  • it is not necessary to use two transmission chains, thereby avoiding the internal consumption caused by the different tension of the two transmission chains, thereby reducing the power consumption during the normal operation of the driving motor, and saving the running cost.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic structural view showing an embodiment of a boarding bridge of the present invention.
  • Figure 1B is a block diagram showing the structure of the rotary driving device in the boarding bridge of Figure 1A;
  • Figure 1C shows a bottom view of Figure 1B
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a brake device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2B shows a bottom view of Figure 2A
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a portion M of Figure 1A, which is similar to Figure 2A, more clearly showing the brake device, wherein the brake device is in a non-braking state;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing a swinging tooth plate in an embodiment of a brake device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic view of the first brake assembly in a braking state in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the main reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1. Drive motor; 2. Drive sprocket; 3. Follower sprocket; 30, follower sprocket shaft; 5. Drive chain; 7. First swing tooth plate; ; 71, pivot; 72, meshing teeth; 7', second swinging tooth plate; 8, first swinging sprocket; 8', second swinging sprocket; 80, first swinging sprocket shaft; 12, first tension spring; 12', second tension spring; 13, brake chain; 14, first brake stroke switch; 14', second brake stroke switch; 200, boarding bridge passage; 100, pick-up port; 110, frame; 120, rotary drive device; 210, channel round table.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic structural view showing an embodiment of a boarding bridge of the present invention
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic structural view of a rotary driving device in the boarding bridge of FIG. 1A, wherein In order to clearly show the structure of the rotary drive, the docking port is not shown
  • Figure 1C shows the bottom view of Figure 1B.
  • an embodiment of the boarding bridge of the present invention includes a boarding bridge channel 200 and a docking station 100.
  • the end of the boarding bridge passage 200 is provided with a channel round table 210.
  • the docking station 100 includes a rack 110.
  • a rotary drive 120 capable of driving the docking station 100 to rotate relative to the boarding bridge passage 200 is mounted on the frame 110.
  • the rotary drive unit 120 includes a drive motor 1, a drive sprocket 2, a drive chain 5, and two follower sprocket shafts 30.
  • the driving motor 1 is mounted on the frame 110 of the docking station 100 Upper, the output shaft of the drive motor 1 is coupled to the drive sprocket 2 to drive the drive sprocket 2 to rotate.
  • the follower sprocket shaft 30 is fixed to the frame 110 of the docking station 100, and the follower sprocket 3 is rotatably provided on the follower sprocket shaft 30.
  • the drive chain 5 extends around the follower sprocket 3, the drive sprocket 2, and the other follower sprocket 3, respectively, and meshes with the follower sprocket 3 and the drive sprocket 2.
  • the two ends of the drive chain 5 are respectively fixed to the channel truncated cone 210 of the boarding bridge channel 200, as described in Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN10299169A.
  • the two follower sprockets 3 are located on both sides of the drive sprocket 2 such that the portion of the drive chain 5 between the two follower sprockets 3 is "V" shaped.
  • the driving motor 1 is operated to rotate, for example, in a clockwise direction, the rotation of the driving motor 1 drives the driving sprocket 2 to rotate, and the driving sprocket 2 drives the transmission chain 5 to move, thereby making the connecting port 100 is rotated relative to the boarding bridge passage 200, for example, in a clockwise direction.
  • the rotary driving device 120 is not necessarily the structure described in detail above.
  • the driving sprocket 2 may also be replaced by other driving wheels such as a driving pulley, and accordingly the transmission chain 5 is replaced by a belt, and the follower sprocket 3 is driven by a pulley. instead.
  • the particular type of rotary drive 120 is different, and the brake device of the present invention will also be adaptively different.
  • FIG. 2A shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the brake device according to the present invention, wherein the structure of the rotary drive device is clearly shown, not shown
  • Figure 2B shows a bottom view of Figure 2A
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a portion M of Figure 1A, which is similar to Figure 2A, more clearly showing the braking device, wherein the braking device is in non-braking
  • FIG. 4 is a structural view showing a swinging tooth plate according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.
  • a brake device includes a lock member, a first brake assembly, and a second brake assembly.
  • the locking member can be, for example, a brake chain 13 that is fixedly mounted to the boarding bridge channel 200, for example, can be fixed in the track slot of the channel table 210 of the boarding bridge channel 200.
  • the brake device includes two sets of brake assemblies: a first brake assembly and a second brake assembly.
  • the first brake assembly and the second brake assembly are symmetrically disposed outside of the "V" shaped belt portion.
  • the number of the brake components is not limited to two sets, for example, only one set of brake components may be disposed on a portion where the drive chain is prone to breakage or looseness; or three or more sets may be provided.
  • the brake assemblies are respectively disposed on a plurality of different components of the drive chain.
  • the looseness of the driving belt, such as the driving chain between the driving wheel and the driving wheel means that the length of the driving belt such as the driving chain between the driving wheel and the driving wheel exceeds a set value, and the setting value may be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 30mm, etc.
  • the first brake assembly and the second brake assembly are respectively mounted on the frame 110 of the docking station 100.
  • the first brake assembly includes a first swinging tooth plate 7, a first swinging sprocket 8, a first tension spring 12 and a first brake travel switch 14;
  • the second brake assembly includes a second swing tooth plate 7' a second swing sprocket 8', a second tension spring 12' and a second brake travel switch 14'. Since the first brake assembly and the second brake assembly are substantially in a mirror image relationship, in the following description, the first brake assembly will be described in detail, and the content described for the first brake assembly can be equally applied. In the second brake assembly.
  • the first oscillating tooth plate 7 is substantially flat and pivotally mounted to the frame of the docking station 100 by a pivot 71 substantially perpendicular to the plane of the panel. 110 on.
  • the pivot 71 is coaxial with the follower sprocket shaft 30 of the follower sprocket 3 of the follower sprocket 3, and the first swinging tooth plate 7 can also be directly fixedly connected to the follower.
  • the follower sprocket shaft 30 of the sprocket 3 is substantially flat and pivotally mounted to the frame of the docking station 100 by a pivot 71 substantially perpendicular to the plane of the panel. 110 on.
  • the pivot 71 is coaxial with the follower sprocket shaft 30 of the follower sprocket 3 of the follower sprocket 3, and the first swinging tooth plate 7 can also be directly fixedly connected to the follower.
  • the follower sprocket shaft 30 of the sprocket 3 is the follower sprocket shaft 30 of
  • a first swing sprocket shaft 80 is vertically protruded, and the first swing sprocket shaft 80 is disposed in parallel with the pivot shaft 71 (the follower sprocket shaft 30), and A swinging sprocket 8 is rotatably disposed on the first swinging sprocket shaft 80. Further, the first swing sprocket 8 and the follower sprocket 3 can be disposed on the same plane, whereby the first swing sprocket 8 and the follower sprocket 3 can simultaneously mesh with the outer side of the drive chain 5.
  • a loop 70 is provided at the other end of the first swing tooth plate 7 opposite to the first swing sprocket shaft 80.
  • a plurality of meshing teeth 72 are provided, as will be described later, when the first oscillating tooth plate 7 is swung toward the brake chain 13, the meshing teeth 72 It can mesh with the brake chain 13.
  • the first brake assembly further includes a first bracket 10 that is fixed to the frame 110 of the docking station 100.
  • One end of the first tension spring 12 is attached to the hanging ring 70 of the first swinging tooth plate 7, and the other end is attached to the first bracket 10.
  • the first tension spring 12 is preloaded, i.e. has a preload force, such that the meshing teeth 72 of the first oscillating tooth plate 7 have a tendency to move in the direction of the brake chain 13.
  • a first brake stroke switch 14 is disposed on the docking port 100, and the first brake stroke switch 14 may be disposed in the vicinity of the first swinging tooth plate 7, for example, on the first swinging tooth plate. 7 and the drive sprocket 2, and the movable portion of the first brake travel switch 14 is disposed adjacent to the first swing tooth plate 7 such that the swing of the first swing tooth plate 7 can trigger the first brake stroke Switch 14.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the first brake assembly in a braking state
  • Fig. 3 shows that the first brake assembly is in a non- Schematic diagram of the braking state. Since the braking process of the second brake component and the first brake component are substantially the same, the first brake component will be described as an example.
  • the transmission chain 5 is in a tight state.
  • the first swing sprocket 8 and the follower sprocket 3 simultaneously mesh with the outer side of the drive chain 5, and the drive chain 5 has an outward abutting force against the first swing sprocket 8, which balances the first tension spring
  • the pre-tightening force of 12 is such that the meshing teeth 72 of the first oscillating tooth plate 7 are kept away from the brake chain 13 and the docking machine port 100 has no braking action.
  • the docking port 100 Under the action of the drive motor 1, the docking port 100 can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise with respect to the boarding bridge passage 200.
  • the tension of the transmission chain 5 is lost, whereby the first swinging tooth plate 7 is surrounded by the first tension spring 12.
  • the follower sprocket shaft 30 swings in the counterclockwise direction as indicated by the arrow in FIG.
  • the engaging teeth 72 formed on the first swinging tooth plate 7 are sequentially inserted into the brake chain 13, and mesh with the brake chain 13, so that the pick-up port 100 stops rotating and brakes.
  • the first brake travel switch 14 is triggered by the first swing tooth plate 7, and the first brake travel switch 14 is triggered while boarding the aircraft.
  • the control system of the bridge transmits a trigger signal, and the control system controls the drive motor 1 to stop rotating according to the trigger signal.
  • the second brake assembly When the second side portion of the drive sprocket 2, for example, the drive chain 5 of the right portion is broken or loosely chained, the second brake assembly will brake the pick-up port 100 in time in substantially the same course of action as the first brake assembly. .
  • the distance between the meshing teeth of the first oscillating tooth plate 7 and the second oscillating tooth plate 7' and the brake chain 13 is set to be on the first side (left side) or the second of the drive sprocket 2
  • the side (right) chain length is increased by 30 mm or more
  • the first swinging tooth plate 7 and the second swinging tooth plate 7' will swing by a sufficient angle so that the meshing teeth are engaged with the brake rack, and the mechanism is braked if
  • the first side or the second side chain length fluctuates within 1 chain pitch (about 25 mm), and the mechanism will not brake to prevent false braking.
  • the present invention can implement interlock control, reset control, and override control while achieving the braking of the docking station 100.
  • Reset control In the maintenance mode, press the reset button in the electric control cabinet once (regardless of the length of time), then the first brake stroke switch 14 is reset (all OFF), allowing the drive motor 1 of the docking station 100 to be left and right Turn, otherwise the interlock control state is still maintained.
  • Override control When one side of the swinging tooth plate is still stuck in the self-locking state and cannot be reset or the brake travel switch is faulty, the left and right rotation of the pick-up port 100 can be exceeded to handle the fault.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the brake chain 13 can also For other types of locking members, such as a rack or a locking member with a bump structure or a locking member with a friction structure, correspondingly, the meshing teeth on the swinging tooth plate are also capable of interacting with the locking member.
  • the rack, the bump structure or the friction structure is replaced by a structure.
  • a ratchet-rack fit can also be used; or a friction brake mechanism can be used, for example, a brake band is provided on the gate passage, and the oscillating tooth plate is oriented One side of the moving belt is provided with a brake pad.
  • the brake pad is pressed against the brake belt by the action of the tension spring, thereby achieving the same braking function; or the friction coefficient can be designed.
  • the tension spring can also be replaced by an elastic member such as a compression spring or a torsion spring; for example, when the swing sprocket is mounted on the docking port through a pivot shaft, a torsion spring can be mounted on the pivot shaft, and the same can be used.
  • the tension spring works the same.
  • the braking device of the invention adopts the mechanical braking mode, and does not need electrical control.
  • the braking device can immediately brake and the connecting port stops rotating, the braking is timely and reliable, and the boarding bridge is effectively avoided.
  • the safety of the machine is better protected by the safety hazard caused by the broken or loose belt.
  • it is not necessary to use two chain transmissions, thereby avoiding the internal consumption caused by the different tension of the two chains, thereby reducing the power consumption during the normal operation of the driving motor, and facilitating the operation cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

一种制动装置以及包括该制动装置的登机桥，该制动装置包括锁紧件（13）和至少一套制动组件。锁紧件（13）固定安装于登机桥通道（200）上；每套制动组件包括可转动地安装于接机口（100）上的摆动件（7）、安装于摆动件（7）上的摆动轮（8）以及一弹性件（12），其中弹性件（12）具有一预紧力，在传动带（5）正常工作状态下，摆动轮（8）配合于传动带（5）的外侧而形成一抵靠力，用以平衡弹性件（12）的预紧力，当传动带（5）在随动轮（3）与驱动轮（2）之间的长度超过一设定值或断裂状态下，弹性件（12）的预紧力使摆动件（7）向锁紧件（13）方向转动并与锁紧件（13）锁紧配合而实现制动。

Description

制动装置及登机桥 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于登机桥的制动装置以及登机桥。
背景技术
接机口是登机桥与飞机接泊时与飞机舱门直接接触的部件，为了实现接机口在与飞机舱门紧密可靠的对接，需要对接机口的对接角度进行调整，因此，接机口可枢转地连接到登机桥通道上，并且由旋转驱动装置来驱动而围绕登机桥通道的通道圆台旋转。
现有的接机口旋转驱动装置由驱动电机、链条、链轮等组成，其中驱动电机固定安装在接机口上，并且驱动链轮通过适当的减速机构与驱动电机的输出轴连接。链条固定在登机桥通道上，并具体地说，固定在通道圆台的外周上。链条与驱动链轮相啮合，并与适当的中间链轮相啮合。在工作时，驱动电机旋转，使得驱动链轮在与链条相啮合的同时转动，由此带动接机口围绕通道圆台转动。
但是，这种现有的旋转驱动装置存在链条断链的隐患，该隐患成为了接机口旋转系统失效主要的因素，为此需对现有技术进行改进以提高接机口在与飞机舱门进行对接时的安全系数。
为了解决这个问题并提高安全裕度，在2012年10月16日提交的中国专利申请公布第CN10299169A中公开了一种登机桥接机口的双链驱动装置，该双链驱动装置包括驱动电机、第一链轮和双排链条，该驱动电机驱动第一链轮，该第一链轮与双排链条啮合，从而驱动接机口相对于登机桥通道转动。通过使用双排链条，由此将链条的最小破断拉力提高了一倍。另外，在链条的端部还设置有用于检测链条工作状态的检测装置，以便在链条断开或固定链条的螺母发生松动等情况时，发出警报。上述专利申请通过引用整体结合于此。
在上述方案中，通过采用至少双链条共同进行传动，以减少其中一根链条断裂时的危险。并且通过设置检测装置，可以在发生故障时及时给出故障警报。
但是上述现有技术方案还存在一些缺陷，比如对链条断裂的反映是滞后的，正常运行的驱动装置无法提示链条断裂的情况；因两根链条不同松紧造成的内耗较大并且 辅助链条磨损程度较大，从而增加了后续维护成本；以及尽管设置了检测装置和报警装置，但是没有进一步应对断链的措施，由此无法避免断链造成的设备损坏以及甚至危及人员安全的事故的发生。
在所述背景技术部分公开的上述信息仅用于加强对本公开的背景的理解，因此它可以包括不构成对本领域普通技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
为解决以上现有技术的问题，本发明的一个目的在于提供一种内耗小且制动及时可靠的制动装置；
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种安装有本发明制动装置的登机桥。
本发明的额外方面和优点将部分地在下面的描述中阐述，并且部分地将从描述中变得显然，或者可以通过本公开的实践而习得。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种制动装置，用于登机桥，所述登机桥包括登机桥通道、接机口和旋转驱动装置，所述旋转驱动装置包括安装于所述接机口上的驱动电机、安装于所述驱动电机的输出轴上的驱动轮、安装于所述登机桥通道上的两个随动轮以及一传动带，所述传动带与所述驱动轮和随动轮配合，且其两端固定于所述登机桥通道，其特征在于，所述制动装置包括锁紧件和至少一套制动组件。锁紧件固定安装于所述登机桥通道上；每套所述制动组件包括可转动地安装于所述接机口上的摆动件、安装于所述摆动件上的摆动轮以及一弹性件，其中所述弹性件具有一预紧力，在所述传动带正常工作状态下，所述摆动轮配合于所述传动带的外侧而形成一抵靠力，用以平衡所述弹性件的预紧力，当所述传动带在所述随动轮与所述驱动轮之间的长度超过一设定值或断裂状态下，所述弹性件的所述预紧力使所述摆动件向所述锁紧件方向转动并与所述锁紧件锁紧配合而实现制动。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述驱动轮和所述随动轮均为链轮，所述传动带为传动链条，所述摆动轮为摆动链轮。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述传动带在两个所述随动轮之间的部分呈“V”字形；所述制动组件包括两套，分别为第一制动组件和第二制动组件，所述第一制动组件和第二制动组件对称设置于所述“V”字形传动带部分的外侧。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述锁紧件为一链条或一齿条，所述摆动件上设有能 与所述链条或所述齿条啮合的多个啮合齿。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述锁紧件上设有凸块结构，所述摆动件上设有能与所述凸块结构配合的凹槽结构。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述锁紧件上设有第一摩擦结构，所述摆动件上设有能与所述第一摩擦结构配合的第二摩擦结构。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述弹性件为一拉伸弹簧或一压缩弹簧，其一端连接于所述摆动件上，另一端连接于所述接机口上。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述摆动件通过一枢转轴安装于所述接机口上，所述弹性件为一安装在所述枢转轴上的扭簧。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述摆动件固定于所述随动轮的轮轴上。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述传动带松动或者在所述随动轮与所述驱动轮之间的部分断裂时，所述摆动件与所述锁紧件锁紧配合实现制动。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述制动组件还包括一制动行程开关，所述摆动件向所述锁紧件方向转动过程中触发所述制动行程开关。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述制动行程开关安装于所述接机口上，所述制动行程开关的可活动部分位于所述摆动件的摆轨迹上。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述制动行程开关被触发的同时，向所述登机桥的控制系统发送一触发信号，所述控制系统据此触发信号控制所述驱动电机停止转动。
根据本发明的另一方面，一种登机桥，包括登机桥通道、接机口和驱动所述接机口转动的旋转驱动装置，其还包括本发明所述的制动装置。
由上述技术方案可知，本发明的优点和有益技术效果在于：
本发明制动装置采机械制动方式，无需电气控制，当传动带发生断裂或松动时，制动装置能立即制动而使接机口随之停止转动，制动及时可靠，有效避免登机桥接机口因传动带断裂或松动带来的安全隐患，更好地保护人员的安全。本发明中无须使用两根传动链条，从而避免了因两根传动链条松紧不同造成的内耗，从而减小驱动电机正常运行时的功耗，利于节约运行成本。
本发明中通过以下参照附图对优选实施例的说明，本发明的上述以及其它目的、特征和优点将更加明显。
附图说明
图1A示出了本发明登机桥一实施方式的结构示意图；
图1B示出了图1A的登机桥中的旋转驱动装置的结构示意图；
图1C示出了图1B的仰视图；
图2A示出了根据本发明制动装置一实施方式的示意图；
图2B示出了图2A的仰视图；
图3是图1A中M部分放大图，其类似于图2A，更清楚地示出了制动装置，其中该制动装置处于非制动状态；
图4示出根据本发明制动装置的一实施方式中的摆动齿板的结构示意图；
图5示出沿着图3中B-B线截取的剖视图；
图6示出根据本发明的一实施方式中的第一制动组件处于制动状态的示意图。
图中主要附图标记如下：1、驱动电机；2、驱动链轮；3、随动链轮；30、随动链轮轴；5、传动链条；7、第一摆动齿板；70、挂环；71、枢轴；72、啮合齿；7’、第二摆动齿板；8、第一摆动链轮；8’、第二摆动链轮；80、第一摆动链轮轴；10、第一支架；12、第一拉伸弹簧；12’、第二拉伸弹簧；13、制动链条；14、第一制动行程开关；14’、第二制动行程开关；200、登机桥通道；100、接机口；110、机架；120、旋转驱动装置；210、通道圆台。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本公开将全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。
参照图1A、图1B和图1C，图1A示出了本发明登机桥一实施方式接的结构示意图；图1B示出了图1A的登机桥中的旋转驱动装置的结构示意图，其中，为清晰显示旋转驱动装置的结构，未示出接机口；图1C示出了图1B的仰视图。
如图1A所示，本发明登机桥一实施方式，包括登机桥通道200和接机口100。其中登机桥通道200的端部设有通道圆台210。接机口100包括机架110。机架110上安装有能驱动接机口100相对于登机桥通道200转动的旋转驱动装置120。
如图1B和图1C所示，该旋转驱动装置120包括驱动电机1、驱动链轮2、传动链条5以及两个随动链轮轴30。其中，驱动电机1安装在接机口100的机架110 上，驱动电机1的输出轴与驱动链轮2相连接以驱动所述驱动链轮2旋转。随动链轮轴30固定于接机口100的机架110上，并且在随动链轮轴30上可自由旋转地设置有随动链轮3。传动链条5分别围绕随动链轮3、驱动链轮2以及另一随动链轮3延伸并与随动链轮3和驱动链轮2相啮合。该传动链条5的两个端部分别固定在登机桥通道200的通道圆台210上，如在中国专利申请公布第CN10299169A中描述的。
如图1B所示，两个随动链轮3位于驱动链轮2的两侧，从而传动链条5在两个随动链轮3之间的部分呈“V”字形。当需要转动接机口100时，驱动电机1被操作例如沿着顺时针方向旋转，驱动电机1的旋转带动驱动链轮2旋转，驱动链轮2带动传动链条5移动，由此使得接机口100相对于登机桥通道200例如沿着顺时针方向转动。
应该理解，旋转驱动装置120并非必然是上面详细描述的结构，例如驱动链轮2也可以由驱动皮带轮等其他驱动轮代替，相应地传动链条5由皮带代替，随动链轮3由随动皮带轮代替。旋转驱动装置120的具体类型不同，本发明的制动装置也会适应性地有所不同。
下面参照图2A至图5，详细描述根据本发明的制动装置，图2A示出了根据本发明制动装置一实施方式的示意图，其中，为清晰显示旋转驱动装置的结构，未示出接机口；图2B示出了图2A的仰视图；图3是图1A中M部分放大图，其类似于图2A，更清楚地示出了制动装置，其中该制动装置处于非制动状态；图4示出根据本发明的一实施方式中的摆动齿板的结构示意图；图5示出沿着图3中的线B-B截取的剖视图。
如图2A和图2B所示，本发明一实施方式的制动装置包括锁紧件、第一制动组件和第二制动组件。锁紧件例如可以是一制动链条13，制动链条13固定安装到登机桥通道200上，例如可以固定于登机桥通道200的通道圆台210的轨道槽内。
图2A所示的实施方式中，制动装置包括两套制动组件：第一制动组件和第二制动组件。第一制动组件和第二制动组件对称设置于“V”字形传动带部分的外侧。在其他实施方式中，制动组件的数量不限于两套，例如可以只有一套制动组件，将其设置于驱动链条容易发生断裂或松动的部位；也可以设置3套或3套以上的套制动组件，分别设置于驱动链条的多个不同部件。其中随动轮与驱动轮之间的驱动链条等传动带松动意味着：随动轮与驱动轮之间的驱动链条等传动带的长度超过一设定值，该设定值可以是0.5mm、1mm、2mm、3mm、5mm、8mm、10mm、15mm、20mm、30mm等。
如图3所示，第一制动组件和第二制动组件分别安装在接机口100的机架110上。所述第一制动组件包括第一摆动齿板7、第一摆动链轮8、第一拉伸弹簧12和第一制动行程开关14；第二制动组件包括第二摆动齿板7’、第二摆动链轮8’、第二拉伸弹簧12’和第二制动行程开关14’。由于第一制动组件和第二制动组件基本上成镜像关系，因此，在下面的描述中，将详细描述第一制动组件，且针对第一制动组件所描述的内容可以等同地应用于第二制动组件。
如图3、图4和图5所示，第一摆动齿板7大体为平板状，利用基本上垂直于平板板面方向上的枢轴71可枢转地安装在接机口100的机架110上。优选地是，如图5所示，该枢轴71与随动链轮3的随动链轮3的随动链轮轴30同轴，此外第一摆动齿板7也可以直接固定连接于随动链轮3的随动链轮轴30。在第一摆动齿板7的一个端部处，垂直突出地设置有第一摆动链轮轴80，该第一摆动链轮轴80与所述枢轴71(随动链轮轴30)平行设置，并且第一摆动链轮8可自由旋转地设置在该第一摆动链轮轴80上。进一步地，该第一摆动链轮8与随动链轮3可设置在同一平面上，由此第一摆动链轮8与随动链轮3能同时与传动链条5的外侧啮合。在第一摆动齿板7的与设置有第一摆动链轮轴80相对的另一端部处设置有挂环70。在第一摆动齿板7面对制动链条13的一侧上设置有多个啮合齿72，如下面即将描述的，在第一摆动齿板7朝向制动链条13摆动时，该啮合齿72可以与制动链条13啮合。
如图3所示，第一制动组件还包括第一支架10，该第一支架10固定在接机口100的机架110上。第一拉伸弹簧12的一个端部挂接在第一摆动齿板7的挂环70上，另一个端部连接在该第一支架10上。所述第一拉伸弹簧12被预加载，即具有一预紧力，以使得第一摆动齿板7的啮合齿72具有朝向制动链条13的方向运动的趋势。
在一实施方式中，在接机口100上设置有第一制动行程开关14，该第一制动行程开关14可以设置在第一摆动齿板7的附近，例如设置在第一摆动齿板7和驱动链轮2之间，并且该第一制动行程开关14的活动部分邻近所述第一摆动齿板7设置，以使得第一摆动齿板7的摆动能触发该第一制动行程开关14。
下面参照图3和图6详细描述根据本发明的制动装置的动作过程，其中，图6示出第一制动组件处于制动状态的示意图，而图3示出第一制动组件处于非制动状态的示意图。由于第二制动组件与第一制动组件的制动过程基本相同，下同以第一制动组件为例进行说明。
如图3所示，在旋转驱动装置120正常工作状态下，传动链条5为紧绷状态， 第一摆动链轮8和随动链轮3同时啮合于传动链条5的外侧，传动链条5对第一摆动链轮8具有向外的抵靠力，该抵靠力平衡了第一拉伸弹簧12的预紧力，从而第一摆动齿板7的啮合齿72与制动链条13保持脱离开的状态，对接机口100没有制动作用。在驱动电机1的作用下，接机口100可以相对于登机桥通道200顺时针或逆时针转动。
如图6所示，当传动链条5的第一侧部分例如左侧部分断裂时，传动链条5的张紧力丧失，由此第一摆动齿板7在第一拉伸弹簧12的作用下围绕随动链轮轴30沿逆时针方向摆动，如图6中箭头所示。形成在第一摆动齿板7上的啮合齿72开始依次插入到制动链条13中，与制动链条13啮合，使接机口100停止转动而制动。同时，在第一摆动齿板7与制动链条13啮合的过程中，第一制动行程开关14被第一摆动齿板7触发，第一制动行程开关14被触发的同时，向登机桥的控制系统发送一触发信号，所述控制系统据此触发信号控制所述驱动电机1停止转动。
当驱动链轮2第二侧部分例如右侧部分的传动链条5断链或松链时，第二制动组件将以与第一制动组件基本相同的动作过程使接机口100及时制动。
为了防止误制动，第一摆动齿板7、第二摆动齿板7’的啮合齿与制动链条13之间的距离设置成：在驱动链轮2第一侧(左侧)或第二侧(右侧)链长增加30mm以上时，第一摆动齿板7、第二摆动齿板7’将摆动足够的角度，以使得啮合齿与制动齿条接合，此机构才制动，如果第一侧或第二侧链长在1个链节距(约25mm)以内波动，此机构将不制动，以防止误制动。
在一实施方式中，在实现接机口100制动的同时，本发明可实现联锁控制、复位控制和超越控制。
联锁控制：当任一侧的第一制动行程开关14被触发时，则接机口100的驱动电机1断电，电机制动动作(禁止接机口100带动力旋转)，同时LCD发出红色报警信息“接机口旋转系统故障”，蜂鸣器报警并持续约15秒左右。
复位控制：在维修模式下，按下电气控制柜内的复位按钮一次(无论时间长短)，则第一制动行程开关14被复位(均为OFF)，允许接机口100的驱动电机1左右转，否则仍保持联锁控制状态。
超越控制：当某一侧摆动齿板仍卡在自锁状态不能复位或制动行程开关故障时，接机口100左右旋转可以被超越，以便处理故障。
尽管上面描述了采用包括摆动齿板、摆动链轮、拉伸弹簧和制动链条的制动装置实施方式，但是本发明并不局限于此。在其他一些实施方式中，制动链条13还可 以是齿条或者带有凸块结构的锁紧件或者带有摩擦结构的锁紧件等其他类型的锁紧件，相应地，摆动齿板上的啮合齿也由能与锁紧件上的齿条、凸块结构或摩擦结构相配合的结构替代。举例来说，替代制动链条和摆动齿板，也可以采用棘齿-齿条配合；或者采用摩擦制动机构，例如，在登机口通道上设置有制动带，而摆动齿板面向制动带的一侧设置有制动垫，在传动链条断链时，依靠拉伸弹簧的作用，将制动垫压在制动带上，由此实现相同的制动功能；或者可以设计摩擦系数较大的导轨系统、凸轮机构等。此外，拉伸弹簧也可以由压缩弹簧、扭簧等弹性件代替；例如摆动链轮通过一枢转轴安装于接机口上时，可以将一扭簧安装在该枢转轴上，同样可以起到与拉伸弹簧同样的作用。
工业实用性
本发明制动装置采机械制动方式，无需电气控制，当传动带发生断裂或松动时，制动装置能立即制动而使接机口随之停止转动，制动及时可靠，有效避免登机桥接机口因传动带断裂或松动带来的安全隐患，更好地保护人员的安全。本发明中无须使用两根链条传动，从而避免了因两根链条松紧不同造成的内耗，从而减小驱动电机正常运行时的功耗，利于节约运行成本。
虽然已参照几个典型实施例描述了本发明，但应当理解，所用的术语是说明和示例性、而非限制性的术语。由于本发明能够以多种形式具体实施而不脱离发明的精神或实质，所以应当理解，上述实施例不限于任何前述的细节，而应在随附权利要求所限定的精神和范围内广泛地解释，因此落入权利要求或其等效范围内的全部变化和改型都应为随附权利要求所涵盖。
虽然本说明书中使用相对性的用语，例如“上”“下”来描述图标的一个组件对于另一组件的相对关系，但是这些术语用于本说明书中仅出于方便，例如根据附图中所述的示例的方向。能理解的是，如果将图标的装置翻转使其上下颠倒，则所叙述在“上”的组件将会成为在“下”的组件。当某结构在其它结构“上”时，有可能是指某结构一体形成于其它结构上，或指某结构“直接”设置在其它结构上，或指某结构通过另一结构“间接”设置在其它结构上。用语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”等仅作为标记使用，不是对其对象的数量限制。
本权利要求书中，用语“一个”、“一”、“所述”和“至少一个”用以表示存在一个或多个要素/组成部分/等；用语“包含”、“包括”和“具有”用以表示开放式的包括在内的 意思并且是指除了列出的要素/组成部分/等之外还可存在另外的要素/组成部分/等。
应可理解的是，本发明不将其应用限制到本说明书提出的部件的详细结构和布置方式。本发明能够具有其他实施方式，并且能够以多种方式实现并且执行。前述变形形式和修改形式落在本发明的范围内。应可理解的是，本说明书公开和限定的本发明延伸到文中和/或附图中提到或明显的两个或两个以上单独特征的所有可替代组合。所有这些不同的组合构成本发明的多个可替代方面。本说明书所述的实施方式说明了已知用于实现本发明的最佳方式，并且将使本领域技术人员能够利用本发明。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种制动装置，用于登机桥，所述登机桥包括登机桥通道、接机口和旋转驱动装置，所述旋转驱动装置包括安装于所述接机口上的驱动电机、安装于所述驱动电机的输出轴上的驱动轮、安装于所述登机桥通道上的两个随动轮以及一传动带，所述传动带与所述驱动轮和随动轮配合，且其两端固定于所述登机桥通道，其特征在于，所述制动装置包括：
    锁紧件，固定安装于所述登机桥通道上；
    至少一套制动组件，每套所述制动组件包括可转动地安装于所述接机口上的摆动件、安装于所述摆动件上的摆动轮以及一弹性件，其中所述弹性件具有一预紧力，在所述传动带正常工作状态下，所述摆动轮配合于所述传动带的外侧而形成一抵靠力，用以平衡所述弹性件的预紧力，当所述传动带在所述随动轮与所述驱动轮之间的长度超过一设定值或断裂状态下，所述弹性件的所述预紧力使所述摆动件向所述锁紧件方向转动并与所述锁紧件锁紧配合而实现制动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述驱动轮和所述随动轮均为链轮，所述传动带为传动链条，所述摆动轮为摆动链轮。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述传动带在两个所述随动轮之间的部分呈“V”字形；所述制动组件包括两套，分别为第一制动组件和第二制动组件，所述第一制动组件和第二制动组件对称设置于所述“V”字形传动带部分的外侧。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述锁紧件为一链条或一齿条，所述摆动件上设有能与所述链条或所述齿条啮合的多个啮合齿。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述锁紧件上设有凸块结构，所述摆动件上设有能与所述凸块结构配合的凹槽结构。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述锁紧件上设有第一摩擦结构，所述摆动件上设有能与所述第一摩擦结构配合的第二摩擦结构。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述弹性件为一拉伸弹簧或一压缩弹簧，其一端连接于所述摆动件上，另一端连接于所述接机口上。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述摆动件通过一枢转轴安装于所述接机口上，所述弹性件为一安装在所述枢转轴上的扭簧。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述摆动件固定于所述随动轮的轮轴上。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述传动带松动或者在所述随动轮与所述驱动轮之间的部分断裂时，所述摆动件与所述锁紧件锁紧配合实现制动。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任一项所述的制动装置，其特征在于，所述制动组件还包括：
    一制动行程开关，所述摆动件向所述锁紧件方向转动过程中触发所述制动行程开关。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述制动行程开关安装于所述接机口上，所述制动行程开关的可活动部分位于所述摆动件的摆轨迹上。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的制动装置，其特征在于，
    所述制动行程开关被触发的同时，向所述登机桥的控制系统发送一触发信号，所述控制系统据此触发信号控制所述驱动电机停止转动。
  14. 一种登机桥，包括登机桥通道、接机口和驱动所述接机口转动的旋转驱动装置，其特征在于，还包括如权利要求1-13任一项所述的制动装置。
PCT/CN2016/090121 2016-07-15 2016-07-15 制动装置及登机桥 Ceased WO2018010161A1 (zh)

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