WO2018072664A1 - 导流圈结构、轴流风机及空调器 - Google Patents

导流圈结构、轴流风机及空调器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018072664A1
WO2018072664A1 PCT/CN2017/106279 CN2017106279W WO2018072664A1 WO 2018072664 A1 WO2018072664 A1 WO 2018072664A1 CN 2017106279 W CN2017106279 W CN 2017106279W WO 2018072664 A1 WO2018072664 A1 WO 2018072664A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
curved plate
ring body
cavity
hole
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/106279
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱芳勇
熊军
高旭
廖俊杰
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Priority to EP17862279.1A priority Critical patent/EP3530961B1/en
Publication of WO2018072664A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018072664A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/663—Sound attenuation
    • F04D29/665—Sound attenuation by means of resonance chambers or interference
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of noise reduction, in particular to a flow guiding ring structure, an axial flow fan and an air conditioner.
  • the aerodynamic noise of the axial fan used in the air conditioner is the noise source second only to the compressor vibration noise. Therefore, the fan noise reduction is one of the key research topics in the optimization of the fan.
  • the aerodynamic noise of axial fans is mainly from the vicinity of the blades, especially the tip area. Because the area has the strongest function, the wind speed is the largest, and the tip leakage vortex mainly occurs in this area, the airflow vortex is serious, which is the largest source of aerodynamic noise.
  • the fan noise is reduced in the following manner: a plurality of concave circumferential groove structures are added at a minimum position of the axial fan diameter of the axial fan to increase the gap between the draft ring and the blade tip. To reduce noise.
  • the inventors have found that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: the above method has great limitations, and the slotting increases the spacing between the blade tip and the drafting ring, thereby increasing the leakage space and reducing the air volume of the fan. Fan efficiency.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a choke structure, an axial flow fan and an air conditioner for reducing the aerodynamic noise during use of the axial flow fan under the premise of ensuring the air volume of the fan.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a choke structure including a ring body, the ring body includes a closed cavity and a through hole, and the ring body has an opening at a minimum diameter, and the opening has the cavity The body is in communication with the through hole; wherein fluid within the through hole can enter the cavity via the opening.
  • the ring body encloses the cavity with at least one curved plate.
  • the ring body includes a first curved plate, a second curved plate and a flat plate enclosing the cavity and the through hole; the first curved plate is located in the ring The inner side of the body, the second curved plate is located outside the ring body, the first curved plate and the second curved plate are smoothly transitioned and sealed; the first curved plate is away from the first One end of the two curved plates is smoothly transitioned and sealed with the flat plate; the second curved plate is smoothly transitioned and sealed from the flat plate at one end of the first curved plate; wherein the opening is provided in the The first curved plate is described.
  • the first curved plate includes a first segment and a second segment having different curvatures; the first segment is located between the flat plate and the second segment, the opening A hole is provided in the first segment.
  • the curvature of the first segment is greater than the curvature of the second segment.
  • the second curved plate is coupled to the flat plate such that airflow can be directed to the through hole of the ring body.
  • the number of apertures is at least two, each of the apertures being circumferentially disposed along the collar.
  • the opening has a diameter of from 1 mm to 3 mm.
  • the distance between adjacent two of said openings is between 2.5 and 4 times the diameter of said opening.
  • the contour of the aperture is circular or elliptical.
  • the axis of the opening is perpendicular to the surface of the ring at the location of the opening.
  • the aperture is located on the wind side of the ring body.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides an axial flow fan including a guide ring structure provided by any one of the technical solutions of the present invention.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention provides an air conditioner comprising the axial flow fan provided by any one of the technical solutions of the present invention.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can at least produce the following technical effects:
  • the flow guiding ring structure adopted by the above technical solution adopts a ring body with a closed cavity, and the airflow flowing through the through hole of the guiding ring structure can enter the closed cavity through the opening, and the inside of the annular cavity is automatically opened for each
  • the static pressure returned by the hole is balanced and comprehensively processed, and finally reaches a comprehensive value, that is, the imbalance of the circumferential static pressure of the choke can be adjusted, and the turbulence of the airflow in the circumferential direction of the diversion ring can be reduced to achieve the effect of noise reduction. Since the cavity is closed, the gas flowing into the cavity through the opening does not leak, so the axial fan volume is not reduced.
  • the above technical solution can reduce the noise of the axial flow fan without reducing the air volume of the axial flow fan, and solve the problem that the air flow volume of the axial flow fan has to be reduced if the noise is reduced, and the noise can be reduced under the premise of ensuring the air volume of the axial flow fan. . That is to say, under the premise of ensuring the venturi effect, the surface is increased in the opening structure, and the turbulent energy of the tip airflow is transmitted radially out of the fan region, thereby achieving the purpose of noise reduction.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a structure of a flow guiding ring according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a side view of a guide ring structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wind guiding structure of a guide ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of a structure of a flow guiding ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a choke structure including a ring body 1.
  • the ring body 1 includes a through hole 12 and a closed cavity 11.
  • the ring body 1 is provided with an opening 13 at a minimum diameter.
  • the opening 13 communicates the cavity 11 with the through hole 12.
  • the fluid in the through hole 12 can enter the cavity 11 through the opening 13 .
  • the ring body 1 has a closed cavity 11 provided with an opening 13 at the smallest diameter of the ring body 1 (i.e., at the inner wall of the through hole 12 for passing air through the axial flow fan), the opening 13 and the closed hole
  • the cavity 11 is in communication.
  • the opening 13 is a microhole, that is, its size is relatively small.
  • the number of the openings 13 may be one or more, and when a plurality of openings 13 are provided, one or a plurality of rows may be provided.
  • the openings 13 between the rows and rows can be distributed in any misalignment.
  • the air flowing through the choke structure is spatially communicated with the closed cavity 11 in the choke through the openings 13.
  • the portion of the air flowing through the through hole 12 will enter the cavity 11 along the opening 13, and this flow allows each opening 13 to transmit the static pressure at the position to the annular closed cavity 11, the annular cavity
  • the internal pressure will automatically balance the static pressure returned by each opening 13 to a comprehensive value, which can adjust the imbalance of the circumferential static pressure of the diversion ring and reduce the turbulence of the airflow in the circumferential direction of the diversion ring.
  • the opening 13 communicates with the closed cavity 11 to further increase the micro-opening structure on the surface of the closed cavity 11, and the radial turbulent energy of the outer ring can be transmitted into the closed cavity, in the cavity and the cavity.
  • the resonance noise of the body 11 occurs, that is, the Hemholtz muffling mechanism is used to reduce the aerodynamic noise of the outer ring airflow.
  • the outline of the opening 13 is circular, elliptical or other rounded arc. This allows the gas to smoothly enter the cavity 11.
  • the ring body 1 encloses the cavity 11 with at least one curved plate.
  • the curved plate has a good flow guiding effect.
  • the ring body 1 includes a first curved plate 2, a second curved plate 3, and a flat plate 4 that enclose a cavity 11 and a through hole 12.
  • the first curved plate 2 forms an inner wall surface of the cavity 11, and the second curved plate 3 forms an outer wall surface of the cavity 11.
  • the left side of the elliptical dotted line of the air-conditioning panel is referred to as an in-extension section, and this section is smoothly transitioned with the flat plate 4. See Figure 2 for the location of the air outlet side 6 and the axial flow vane side 5 of the air conditioner. A indicates the position of the smooth transition.
  • the enclosed space surrounded by the first curved plate 2, the second curved plate 3 and the flat plate 4 is the above-mentioned cavity 11, and the openings formed by the three are through holes 12.
  • the first curved plate 2 is located inside the ring body 1, the second curved plate 3 is located outside the ring body 1, the first curved plate 2 and the second curved plate 3 are smoothly transitioned and sealed; the first curved plate 2 An end of the second curved plate 3 is smoothly transitioned and sealed from the flat plate 4; the end of the second curved plate 3 away from the first curved plate 2 is smoothly transitioned and sealed with the flat plate 4; wherein the opening 13 is provided in the first arc Shape plate 2.
  • the ring body 1 of this structure is easy to process and install.
  • the inside and outside of this embodiment are Relatively speaking, the inner side is close to the center of the ring body 1, and the outer side is away from the center of the ring body 1.
  • the first curved plate 2 and the second curved plate 3 are smoothly transitioned and sealed, and the first curved plate 2 is smoothly transitioned and sealed from the end of the second curved plate 3 and the flat plate 4, and the second curved plate is sealed.
  • the end away from the first curved plate 2 and the flat plate 4 are smoothly transitioned and sealed.
  • the inner extension of the guide ring adopts a smooth transition and closed treatment, which can guide the airflow outside the guide ring to smoothly enter the outlet of the drafting ring, reduce the vortex in the region, and reduce the wind resistance.
  • the flow direction of the fluid is shown in Figure 3.
  • the first curved plate 2 includes a first segment 21 and a second segment 22 having different curvatures; the first segment 21 is located between the flat plate 4 and the second segment 22, and the opening 13 is provided in the first segment 21.
  • This arrangement allows the openings 13 to be located entirely on the wind side, which is effective in reducing noise.
  • the curvature of the first segment 21 is greater than the curvature of the second segment 22.
  • the intersection of the first segment 21 and the second segment 22 is an inflection point, and the openings 13 are all located in the first segment 21, so that the openings 13 are all located on the outlet side, which can effectively reduce the axial fan noise.
  • the junction of the second curved plate 3 and the plate 4 is configured such that air flow can be directed to the entrance of the ring body 1. That is, a smooth transition at the joint, and the direction of the arc meets the requirements for guiding the airflow.
  • the junction of the second curved plate 3 and the flat plate 4 is curved, and the arc is oriented toward the outside of the choke structure, so that the air flow can be drained to the through hole 12 of the choke structure. See the curved arrow in Figure 3 for the direction of the flow.
  • the number of the openings 13 is at least two, and the openings 13 are arranged circumferentially along the ring body 1.
  • the opening 13 has a diameter of 1 mm to 3 mm. Since the flow velocity of the airflow near the wall surface area of the guide ring is large, the diameter of the opening 13 is required. If the aperture is too large, the whistling sound is easily caused by the airflow scouring, which aggravates the aerodynamic noise; the aperture is too small, which makes the processing difficult. It also reduces the ability of energy to transfer into the annular cavity, thereby reducing the ability to diffuse and silence.
  • the distance between the adjacent two openings 13 is 2.5 to 4 times the diameter of the opening 13.
  • the structure of the guide ring provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for the external air conditioner of the household air conditioner, which can increase the air volume of the external machine, improve the heat exchange speed, and simultaneously smooth out the wind direction and reduce the aerodynamic noise of the whole machine.
  • the choke structure includes a ring body 1.
  • the ring body 1 includes a cavity 11, a through hole 12, and an opening 13 that communicates the cavity 11 and the through hole 12.
  • the cavity 11 of the annular cavity is formed on the basis of the existing inner extension guide ring, and the cantilever section is extended and expanded and bent back to the front panel of the air conditioner, that is, the flat plate 4, and is closed by caulking, thereby forming a surrounding Annular closed cavity on the ventilating side.
  • the curved section and the panel riveting are as smooth as possible, so that the airflow in the area can be effectively guided through the curved surface into the effective circulation area of the guiding coil.
  • the ring body 1 has an air outlet side and an air inlet side, and the air inlet side refers to a side to which the wind directly blows. Only a small opening 13 is provided on the air outlet side, and the opening 13 is not provided on the air inlet side, because the micro opening 13 is perpendicular to the surface of the guide ring structure during processing, and if the wall is machined on the inlet side 13, the opening 13 and the flow direction of the air flow at an acute angle, the air flow is easy to directly impact the micro hole to cause sharp abnormal noise (such as howling), so the inlet side processing through hole 12 does not have a noise reduction effect. Of course, it can also be changed Changing the direction of the opening 13 improves the above problem.
  • the micro opening 13 is a single row or a plurality of rows of circular holes in the closed space of the connecting fluid flow space in the smallest position of the inner diameter of the drafting ring.
  • the turbulent energy of the airflow portion enters the annular cavity 11 through the opening 13, and two kinds of noise elimination effects are generated inside: one is the large space dissipation by the vortex energy, The energy level is reduced and absorbed by the wall surface, and the other is through the circular passage effect, the circumferential turbulent energy of the airflow cancels each other evenly, so that the circumferential kinetic energy is uniform, and the energy of the circumferential flow of the external airflow is reduced, thereby maximizing Make the airflow of the guide ring evenly forward and reduce the aerodynamic noise.
  • the results show that the wind turbine has a large effect on the external machine performance, the air volume is increased by 137m3/h, and the broadband noise is reduced by 0.8dB(A).
  • the through-hole structure is adopted on the air outlet side of the guide ring based on the Helmholtz principle, and the radial and circumferential turbulent energy of the wall airflow is introduced into the closed wall body for diffusion, thereby reducing the turbulent energy and achieving the sound absorbing effect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an axial flow fan, including the structure of the guide ring provided by any technical solution of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an air conditioner, including the axial flow fan provided by any technical solution of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)

Abstract

一种导流圈结构、轴流风机及空调器，涉及降噪领域，用以在保证风机出风风量的前提下降低轴流风机使用过程中的气动噪音。该导流圈结构包括圈体(1)，圈体(1)包括封闭的腔体(11)以及通孔(12)，圈体(1)的直径最小处设有开孔(13)，开孔(13)将腔体(11)与通孔(12)连通；其中，通孔(12)内的流体能经由开孔(13)进入到腔体(13)内。上述技术方案，在保证其文丘里管效应的前提下，表面增加开口结构，将叶顶气流的湍动能量沿径向传递出风机区域，从而达到降噪的目的。

Description

导流圈结构、轴流风机及空调器
相关申请
本申请要求2016年10月20日申请的，申请号为201610917189.X，名称为“导流圈结构、轴流风机及空调器”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及降噪领域，具体涉及一种导流圈结构、轴流风机及空调器。
背景技术
空调外机用轴流风机的气动噪音是仅次于压缩机震动噪音的噪音来源，因此风机降噪是风机优化方面重点研究课题之一。轴流风机的气动噪音主要来源于叶片附近，尤其是叶顶区域。由于该区域做功能力最强，风速最大，加上叶顶泄漏涡主要发生在该区域，气流涡旋严重，是气动噪音的最大来源。
现有技术中，采用下述方式降低风机噪音：在轴流风机导流圈直径最小位置增加若干内凹式周向槽体结构，用以增大导流圈与风叶叶顶之间的间隙，从而降低噪音。
发明人发现，现有技术中至少存在下述问题：上述方法有很大的局限性，开槽会增加风叶叶顶与导流圈的间距，从而增加泄漏空间，降低风机的出风风量和风机效率。
发明内容
本发明的其中一个目的是提出一种导流圈结构、轴流风机及空调器，用以在保证风机出风风量的前提下降低轴流风机使用过程中的气动噪音。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了以下技术方案：
本发明实施例提供了一种导流圈结构，包括圈体，所述圈体包括封闭的腔体以及通孔，所述圈体直径最小处设有开孔，所述开孔将所述腔体与所述通孔连通；其中，所述通孔内的流体能经由所述开孔进入到所述腔体内。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述圈体采用至少一块弧形板围成所述腔体。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述圈体包括围成所述腔体和通孔的第一弧形板、第二弧形板和平板；所述第一弧形板位于所述圈体的内侧，所述第二弧形板位于所述圈体的外侧，所述第一弧形板和所述第二弧形板圆滑过渡且密封；所述第一弧形板远离所述第二弧形板的一端与所述平板圆滑过渡且密封；所述第二弧形板远离所述第一弧形板的一端与所述平板圆滑过渡且密封；其中，所述开孔设于所述第一弧形板。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述第一弧形板包括曲率不同的第一段和第二段；所述第一段位于所述平板和所述第二段之间，所述开孔设于所述第一段。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述第一段的曲率大于所述第二段的曲率。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述第二弧形板与所述平板连接处被构造成使得气流能够被导向至所述圈体的通孔处。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述开孔的数量至少为两个，各所述开孔沿着所述圈体周向布置。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述开孔的直径为1mm至3mm。
在可选或优选的实施例中，相邻两个所述开孔之间的距离为所述开孔直径的2.5倍至4倍。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述开孔的轮廓线为圆形或椭圆形。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述开孔的轴线垂直于该开孔所在位置的圈体表面。
在可选或优选的实施例中，所述开孔位于所述圈体的出风侧。
本发明另一实施例提供一种轴流风机，包括本发明任一技术方案提供的导流圈结构。
本发明又一实施例提供一种空调器，包括本发明任一技术方案提供的轴流风机。
基于上述技术方案，本发明实施例至少可以产生如下技术效果：
上述技术方案提供的导流圈结构，采用带有封闭腔体的圈体，经由导流圈结构通孔流动的气流能经由开孔进入到封闭腔体内，环形空腔内部会自动对每个开孔传回的静压进行平衡综合处理，最终达到一个综合值，即可以调节导流圈周向静压的不平衡度，降低气流在导流圈周向的湍动，达到降噪的效果。由于腔体是封闭的，经由开孔流入到腔体内的气体不会泄露，故不会减少轴流风机风量。可见，上述技术方案，不用降低轴流风机的风量就能降低轴流风机的噪音，解决了想降低噪音就不得不减少轴流风机风量的问题，能在保证轴流风机风量的前提下降低噪音。即上述技术方案，在保证其文丘里管效应的前提下，表面增加开口结构，将叶顶气流的湍动能量沿径向传递出风机区域，从而达到降噪的目的。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明实施例提供的导流圈结构立体示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的导流圈结构侧视方向的剖视示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的导流圈结构导风示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的导流圈结构主视示意图。
附图标记：
1、圈体；2、第一弧形板；3、第二弧形板；4、平板；5、空调轴流风叶侧；6、出风侧；11、腔体；12、通孔；13、开孔；21、第一段；22、第二段。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1～图4对本发明提供的技术方案进行更为详细的阐述。
参见图1和图2，本发明实施例提供一种导流圈结构，包括圈体1，圈体1包括通孔12以及封闭的腔体11，圈体1直径最小处设有开孔13，开孔13将腔体11与通孔12连通。其中，通孔12内的流体能经由开孔13进入到腔体11内。
圈体1带有封闭的腔体11，在圈体1直径最小处(即圈体1中间用于通过轴流风机气流的通孔12内壁处)设有开孔13，开孔13与封闭的腔体11连通。开孔13是微孔，即其尺寸比较小。开孔13的数量可以为一个或者多个，在设置多个开孔13时，可设置一排或者数排。排与排之间的开孔13可以任意错位分布。
通过这些开孔13将流经导流圈结构的气流与导流圈内封闭腔体11空间相连通。这样经由通孔12流动的气流部分会沿着开孔13进入到腔体11中，这种流动使得每个开孔13可以将该位置的静压传递至环形封闭腔体11内，环形空腔内部会自动对每个开孔13传回的静压进行平衡综合处理，最终达到一个综合值，即可以调节导流圈周向静压的不平衡度，降低气流在导流圈周向的湍动，达到降噪的效果，参见图4。另外，开孔13与封闭的腔体11连通，还使得在封闭腔体11体表增加微型开孔结构，可以将外环的径向湍动能量传递进入封闭空腔，在空腔中与腔体11发生共振消声，即运用赫姆霍兹消声机理，降低外环气流的气动噪音。
开孔13的轮廓线为圆形、椭圆形或其他圆滑的弧形。这样能使得气体顺利进入到腔体11内。
具体地，圈体1采用至少一块弧形板围成腔体11。弧形板导流效果好。
参见图1和图2，本实施例中，圈体1包括围成腔体11和通孔12的第一弧形板2、第二弧形板3和平板4。第一弧形板2形成了腔体11的内壁面，第二弧形板3形成了腔体11的外壁面。图2中，空调面板的椭圆形虚线左侧的部分都称为内伸段，这一段与平板4之间圆滑过渡。空调的出风侧6与轴流风叶侧5的位置参见图2。A处示意了圆滑过渡的位置。
第一弧形板2、第二弧形板3和平板4三者围成的封闭空间为上文的腔体11，三者围成的敞口为通孔12。第一弧形板2位于圈体1的内侧，第二弧形板3位于圈体1的外侧，第一弧形板2和第二弧形板3圆滑过渡且密封；第一弧形板2远离第二弧形板3的一端与平板4圆滑过渡且密封；第二弧形板3远离第一弧形板2的一端与平板4圆滑过渡且密封；其中，开孔13设于第一弧形板2。这种结构的圈体1，便于加工和安装。本实施例所指的内、外是 相对而言的，内侧是靠近圈体1中心，外侧则是远离圈体1中心。
参见图2，第一弧形板2和第二弧形板3圆滑过渡且密封，第一弧形板2远离第二弧形板3的一端与平板4圆滑过渡且密封，第二弧形板3远离第一弧形板2的一端与平板4圆滑过渡且密封。对导流圈的内伸段采用圆滑过渡并封闭处理，可以引导导流圈外侧气流顺利进入导流圈出口，降低该区域的涡旋，降低风阻，流体的流动方向参见图3所示。
参见图2，第一弧形板2包括曲率不同的第一段21和第二段22；第一段21位于平板4和第二段22之间，开孔13设于第一段21。这种设置使得开孔13全部位于出风侧，能有效降低噪音。
进一步地，第一段21的曲率大于第二段22的曲率。第一段21和第二段22交界处为拐点，开孔13全部位于第一段21，这样可以使得开孔13全部位于出风侧，可以有效降低轴流风机噪音。
参见图1和图2，第二弧形板3与平板4连接处被构造成使得气流能够导向至圈体1的入口处。即在连接处圆滑过渡，且弧形的朝向满足引导气流的要求。
参见图2，第二弧形板3与平板4连接处是弧形的，且弧形的走向为朝向导流圈结构的外侧，这样可以将气流引流至导流圈结构的通孔12处。导流方向参见图3中弧形箭头。
可选地，开孔13的数量至少为两个，各开孔13沿着圈体1周向布置。
本实施例中，开孔13的直径为1mm至3mm。由于气流在导流圈壁面区域附近的流动速度较大，对开孔13直径的大小有要求，孔径过大容易因气流冲刷导致啸叫声，加剧气动噪音；孔径过小导致加工难度大，同时也会降低能量传递进环形空腔的能力，从而降低扩散消声的能力。
本实施例中，相邻两个开孔13之间的距离为开孔13直径的2.5倍至4倍。
下面介绍一个具体实施例。
本发明实施例提供的导流圈结构，用于家用空调外机上，可增加外机风量，提高热交换速度，同时捋顺出风方向，降低整机气动噪音的新型导流圈。该导流圈结构包括圈体1。圈体1包括腔体11、通孔12以及将腔体11和通孔12连通的开孔13。其中环形空腔的腔体11，是在已有内伸导流圈的基础上，将悬臂段延长并外扩弯曲回到空调前面板即平板4后，通过铆接封闭粘合，从而形成的围绕通风侧的圆环状封闭空腔。其中弯曲段与面板铆接处做到尽量光滑过度，以便于该区域的气流能够有效地通过弯曲面引导进入导流圈有效流通区域。
圈体1具有出风侧和进风侧，进风侧是指风直接吹向的一侧。只在出风侧设置微小的开孔13，进风侧不设置开孔13，这是因为加工过程中微型开孔13与导流圈结构表面垂直，如果在进风侧的壁体加工开孔13，则开孔13与气流的流向呈锐角，气流容易直接冲击微孔导致尖锐的异常噪音(如啸叫声)，故入口侧加工通孔12不具有降噪作用。当然，亦可通过改 变开孔13方向改善上述问题。
微型开孔13是在导流圈内直径最小位置的连结流体流动空间域内封闭空间的单排或多排圆形孔，开孔13直径R1为1～3mm，孔间距控制在D1＝2.5～4R1。由于气流在导流圈壁面区域附近的流动速度较大，对孔直径的大小需要严格控制，孔径过大容易因气流冲刷导致啸叫声，加剧气动噪音；孔径过小加工难度大，同时也会降低能量传递进环形空腔的能力，从而降低扩散消声的能力。
气流经过轴流风叶做功后，在周向、轴向和径向都会有不同程度的涡旋湍动，由于叶顶做功能力最强，在叶顶与导流圈间隙区域的气流动能最大，湍动能也最大。采用本发明实施例提供的导流圈结构，气流部分湍动能会通过开孔13进入环形腔体11内，在内部产生两种消声效果：一种是通过涡旋能量的大空间耗散，达到能量级减小并被壁面吸收消散，另一种是通过环形通效果，气流的周向湍动能相互抵消平均，从而达到周向的动能均匀，降低外界气流周向流动的能量，从而最大程度使导流圈出风均匀向前，降低气动噪音。通过CFD流体力学仿真，结果表明该导流圈对外机性能有较大效果，风量提升了137m3/h，宽频噪音下降0.8dB(A)。
上述技术方案，导流圈出风侧基于赫姆霍兹原理采用了通孔结构，将壁面气流的径向和周向湍动能引入封闭墙体内进行扩散，从而降低湍动能量达到吸声效果。
本发明实施例还提供一种轴流风机，包括本发明任一技术方案提供的导流圈结构。
本发明实施例又提供一种空调器，包括本发明任一技术方案提供的轴流风机。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、为特定的方位构造和操作，因而不能理解为对本发明保护内容的限制。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种导流圈结构，其特征在于，包括圈体(1)，所述圈体(1)包括封闭的腔体(11)以及通孔(12)，所述圈体(1)直径最小处设有开孔(13)，所述开孔(13)将所述腔体(11)与所述通孔(12)连通；其中，所述通孔(12)内的流体能经由所述开孔(13)进入到所述腔体(11)内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述圈体(1)采用至少一块弧形板围成所述腔体(11)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述圈体(1)包括围成所述腔体(11)和所述通孔(12)的第一弧形板(2)、第二弧形板(3)和平板(4)；所述第一弧形板(2)位于所述圈体(1)的内侧，所述第二弧形板(3)位于所述圈体(1)的外侧，所述第一弧形板(2)和所述第二弧形板(3)圆滑过渡且密封；所述第一弧形板(2)远离所述第二弧形板(3)的一端与所述平板(4)圆滑过渡且密封；所述第二弧形板(3)远离所述第一弧形板(2)的一端与所述平板(4)圆滑过渡且密封；其中，所述开孔(13)设于所述第一弧形板(2)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述第一弧形板(2)包括曲率不同的第一段(21)和第二段(22)；所述第一段(21)位于所述平板(4)和所述第二段(22)之间，所述开孔(13)设于所述第一段(21)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述第一段(21)的曲率大于所述第二段(22)的曲率。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述第二弧形板(3)与所述平板(4)连接处被构造成使得气流能够被导向至所述圈体(1)的通孔(12)处。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述开孔(13)的数量至少为两个，各所述开孔(13)沿着所述圈体(1)周向布置。
  8. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述开孔(13)的直径为1mm至3mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，相邻两个所述开孔(13)之间的距离为所述开孔(13)直径的2.5倍至4倍。
  10. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述开孔(13)的轮廓线为圆形或椭圆形。
  11. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述开孔(13)的轴线垂直于该开孔(13)所在位置的圈体(1)表面。
  12. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的导流圈结构，其特征在于，所述开孔(13)位于所述圈体(1)的出风侧。
  13. 一种轴流风机，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-12任一所述的导流圈结构。
  14. 一种空调器，其特征在于，包括权利要求13所述的轴流风机。
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CN106321520A (zh) 2017-01-11

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