WO2018076177A1 - Cooling package and power module - Google Patents

Cooling package and power module Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076177A1
WO2018076177A1 PCT/CN2016/103234 CN2016103234W WO2018076177A1 WO 2018076177 A1 WO2018076177 A1 WO 2018076177A1 CN 2016103234 W CN2016103234 W CN 2016103234W WO 2018076177 A1 WO2018076177 A1 WO 2018076177A1
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Prior art keywords
power module
cooling package
heat
components
module
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PCT/CN2016/103234
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French (fr)
Inventor
Tai MA
Peihua LI
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Priority to US16/344,640 priority Critical patent/US10959319B2/en
Priority to EP16920196.9A priority patent/EP3533303B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/103234 priority patent/WO2018076177A1/en
Publication of WO2018076177A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076177A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
    • H05K7/209—Heat transfer by conduction from internal heat source to heat radiating structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0201—Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
    • H05K1/0203—Cooling of mounted components
    • H05K1/0204—Cooling of mounted components using means for thermal conduction connection in the thickness direction of the substrate
    • H05K1/0206—Cooling of mounted components using means for thermal conduction connection in the thickness direction of the substrate by printed thermal vias
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H01F27/025—Constructional details relating to cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/06—Mounting, supporting, or suspending transformers, reactors, or choke coils not being of the signal type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/06—Mounting, supporting, or suspending transformers, reactors, or choke coils not being of the signal type
    • H01F27/065—Mounting on printed circuit boards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/22—Cooling by heat conduction through solid or powdered fillings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0201—Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
    • H05K1/0203—Cooling of mounted components
    • H05K1/021—Components thermally connected to metal substrates or heat-sinks by insert mounting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/14—Structural association of two or more printed circuits
    • H05K1/144—Stacked arrangements of planar printed circuit boards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0201—Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
    • H05K1/0203—Cooling of mounted components
    • H05K1/0207—Cooling of mounted components using internal conductor planes parallel to the surface for thermal conduction, e.g. power planes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
    • H05K2201/0302—Properties and characteristics in general
    • H05K2201/0305—Solder used for other purposes than connections between PCB or components, e.g. for filling vias or for programmable patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
    • H05K2201/0332—Structure of the conductor
    • H05K2201/0364—Conductor shape
    • H05K2201/0367—Metallic bump or raised conductor not used as solder bump
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/04—Assemblies of printed circuits
    • H05K2201/041—Stacked PCBs, i.e. having neither an empty space nor mounted components in between
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/08—Magnetic details
    • H05K2201/083—Magnetic materials
    • H05K2201/086—Magnetic materials for inductive purposes, e.g. printed inductor with ferrite core
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007—Types of components
    • H05K2201/10166—Transistor

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a cooling technology, and more particularly, to a cooling package for power modules.
  • multilayer PCB Print Circuit Board
  • the winding for magnetic component 107 is designed in the multilayer PCB 101
  • another one is aluminum base power module (As shown by Fig. 3)
  • it has two-story structure, all discrete power semiconductor 201 and magnetic component 202 is mounted in aluminum base board 205, control circuit is in control board 207, there is multiple connection pin 206 to connect this two board.
  • the top side contact with heat sink 102 for cooling by TIM (Thermal Interface Material) 103, input pin 104 and output pin 105 in bottom side is mounted to mother board 106 only for electrical connection.
  • power semiconductor component 201 and magnetic components 202 is mounted to aluminum plate 203 which can contact heat-sink 204 by TIM 205 for cooling, small pin 206 in aluminum plate 203 connect with control board 207 for communication, input pin 208 and output pin 209 is mounted with mother board 210 for electrical connection.
  • mother board 210 for electrical connection.
  • aluminum board 203 between aluminum base 211 and copper 212, there is TIM 213 inside, the lower thermal resistance for TIM the higher cost.
  • a cooling package in a power module comprising a first side for placing one or more semiconductor components; one or more holes for placing one or more magnetic components; and a second side with one or more connection parts.
  • connection parts are solder bumps using for heat conducting.
  • a power module comprising one or more semiconductor components; one or more magnetic components; and a cooling package, wherein the cooling package comprising a first side for placing one or more semiconductor components; one or more holes for placing one or more magnetic components; and a second side with one or more connection parts.
  • Fig. 1 is a figure illustrating a current de-rating of a power module in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation in a multilayer PCB power module
  • Fig. 3 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation in an aluminum base power module
  • Fig. 4 is a figure illustrating a power module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module using two thermal dissipation paths according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a figure illustrating a power module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a multilayer power module which have top side 301 and bottom side 302. All components are mounted on top side 301, the bottom side 302 reserved for connection parts.
  • the connection parts can be pre-soldered as solder bumps 303 to provide good solder-ability.
  • the connection parts can be metal connection pads or pins.
  • a cooling package which comprising a top side 301 for placing one or more semiconductor components; one or more holes for placing one or more magnetic components 305; and a bottom side with one or more connection parts.
  • the module can be picked and placed by SMT (Surface Mount Technology) machine and reflow compatible.
  • the board which power module mounted is host board.
  • the module can be mounted on top side of host board or on the bottom side of host board based on different application scenarios.
  • Fig. 5 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • all solder bumps of multilayer PCB power module 401 will be soldered to equivalent solder pads on host board by soldering.
  • Large areas of cooper internal and external which belong to reference net like GND on host board 402 connected by thermal vias 403 which can tightly contact to heat sink 404 directly without any TIM 405, therefore, the module can dissipate the heat through the host board 402, or through the baseplate or cover 407 then host board.
  • Fig. 6 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module using two thermal dissipation paths according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first thermal dissipation path is from solder bumps to host board 402, another one is the side contact with heat sink 404 and TIM 405.
  • Heat generated components on module like MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) , Diodes, ICs and other semiconductor components will connect to solder bumps 502 of power module 503 through many via holes 504.
  • solder bumps of power module are connected to pads on host board.
  • the pads on host board 505 will connect to large area copper 506 on inner layer or external layer through via holes as same reference net.
  • Top side of host board can be connected to baseplate or cover 407 by TIMs for thermal transfer and heat balance. This net can spread heat out to the whole host board 505 through PCB materials.
  • transformers and inductors are bottle neck for switch power module to output more power, because the temperature limit normally is 125 degree and high power loss.
  • one side can contact with cover/baseplate by TIM, another side can contact with heat-sink by TIM.
  • heat dissipation of windings in these components one path is solder pads conduct the heat to host board, another path is through the semiconductor component’s case, as for most topology the magnetic component’s winding should connect with MOSFET or Diodes, also through the cores to dissipate the heat as normal power module.
  • Fig. 7 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • bottom side of host board does not have enough space for a power module, such as heat pipes in heat-sink.
  • the module 601 can be mounted to another side of host board 602, the module still has double heat dissipation path, one path is that solder with host board by solder bumps 603 which contact with heat-sink 604, another path is contact with cover or baseplate 605 by TIM 606.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A cooling package in a power module (401,503) comprises a first side for placing one or more semiconductor components (406,501); one or more holes for placing one or more magnetic components (305); and a second side with one or more connection parts. Therefore, all components of a power module (401,503) which need to dissipate the heat have two thermal dissipation paths, therefore the heat inside the module can be greatly reduced.

Description

COOLING PACKAGE AND POWER MODULE TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates to a cooling technology， and more particularly， to a cooling package for power modules.
BACKGROUND
In sealed environment， such as outdoor telecom radio units， the whole unit is water proof which means no fan inside the product， therefore the power module’s heat dissipation path is the only conduction through heat sink. Consequently， most of power modules need de-rating over 50％current (As shown by Fig. 1) in sealed environment.
For high power stranded power module， there are two technical solutions exist the prior art， one is multilayer PCB (Printed Circuit Board) power module (As shown by Fig. 2) ， the winding for magnetic component 107 is designed in the multilayer PCB 101， and another one is aluminum base power module (As shown by Fig. 3) ， it has two-story structure， all discrete power semiconductor 201 and magnetic component 202 is mounted in aluminum base board 205， control circuit is in control board 207， there is multiple connection pin 206 to connect this two board.
For multilayer PCB module， the top side contact with heat sink 102 for cooling by TIM (Thermal Interface Material) 103， input pin 104 and output pin 105 in bottom side is mounted to mother board 106 only for electrical connection. For aluminum base power module which is two-story structure， power semiconductor component 201 and magnetic components 202 is mounted to aluminum plate 203 which can contact heat-sink 204 by TIM 205 for cooling， small pin 206 in aluminum plate 203 connect with control board 207 for communication， input pin 208 and output pin 209 is mounted with mother board 210 for electrical connection. For aluminum board 203， between aluminum base 211 and copper 212， there is TIM 213 inside， the lower thermal resistance for TIM the higher cost.
Intension to increase power density， one way is increasing efficiency which is not economical and limited by electric technology； another way is minimizing thermal resistance with heat sink.
But both solutions have shortage， for PCB， and all components which need to dissipate the heat， includes magnetic component， power semiconductor component， and controller， only have one cooling path which is conduct the heat to heat-sink by TIMs， The TIM is used for compensating the mechanical tolerance. Therefore， the module has very high thermal resistance in system， for sealed environment； there is no airflow inside. Consequently， the power module has to de-rate the output power a lot.
SUMMARY
It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a cooling package， a power module and an electronic device， capable of greatly reducing the heat inside the module by using two thermal dissipation paths.
In a first aspect， a cooling package in a power module is provided. The cooling package comprising a first side for placing one or more semiconductor components； one or more holes for placing one or more magnetic components； and a second side with one or more connection parts.
In an embodiment， the connection parts are solder bumps using for heat conducting.
In a second aspect， a power module is provided. The power module comprising one or more semiconductor components； one or more magnetic components； and a cooling package， wherein the cooling package comprising a first side for placing one or more semiconductor components； one or more holes for placing one or more magnetic components； and a second side with one or more connection parts.
With the embodiments of the present disclosure， all components of a power module which need to dissipate the heat have two thermal dissipation paths， therefore the heat inside the module can be greatly reduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above and other objects， features and advantages will be more apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the figures， in which：
Fig. 1 is a figure illustrating a current de-rating of a power module in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation in a multilayer PCB power module；
Fig. 3 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation in an aluminum base power module；
Fig. 4 is a figure illustrating a power module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module using two thermal dissipation paths according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The embodiments of the disclosure will be detailed below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following embodiments are illustrative only， rather than limiting the scope of the disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a figure illustrating a power module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. A multilayer power module which have top side 301 and bottom side 302. All components are mounted on top side 301， the bottom side 302 reserved for connection parts. The connection parts can be pre-soldered as solder bumps 303 to provide good solder-ability. As an alternative， the connection parts can be metal connection pads or pins.
Meanwhile， a cooling package is illustrated， which comprising a top side 301 for placing one or more semiconductor components； one or more holes for placing one or more magnetic components 305； and a bottom side with one or more connection parts.
The module can be picked and placed by SMT (Surface Mount Technology) machine and reflow compatible. The board which power module mounted is host board. The module can be mounted on top side of host board or on the bottom side of host board based on different application scenarios.
Fig. 5 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown by Fig. 5， all solder bumps of multilayer PCB power module 401 will be soldered to equivalent solder pads on host board by soldering. Large areas of cooper internal and external which belong to reference net like GND on host board 402 connected by thermal vias 403 which can tightly contact to heat sink 404 directly without any TIM 405， therefore， the module can dissipate the heat through the host board 402， or through the baseplate or cover 407 then host board.
Fig. 6 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module using two thermal dissipation paths according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. By using the cooling package disclosed by the present disclosure， the multilayer PCB and all components which need to dissipate the heat can have two paths to conduct the heat：
For PCB： the first thermal dissipation path is from solder bumps to host board 402， another one is the side contact with heat sink 404 and TIM 405.
For semiconductor components 406， 501： Heat generated components on module like MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) ， Diodes， ICs and other semiconductor components will connect to solder bumps 502 of power module 503 through many via holes 504. At the same time， solder bumps of power module are connected to pads on host board. The pads on host board 505 will connect to large area copper 506 on inner layer or external layer through via holes as same reference net. Top side of host board can be connected to baseplate or cover 407 by TIMs for thermal transfer and heat balance. This net can spread heat out to the whole host board 505 through PCB materials.
For magnetic components 408： transformers and inductors are bottle neck for switch power module to output more power， because the temperature limit  normally is 125 degree and high power loss. For heat dissipation of cores in these components： one side can contact with cover/baseplate by TIM， another side can contact with heat-sink by TIM. For heat dissipation of windings in these components： one path is solder pads conduct the heat to host board， another path is through the semiconductor component’s case， as for most topology the magnetic component’s winding should connect with MOSFET or Diodes， also through the cores to dissipate the heat as normal power module.
Fig. 7 is a figure illustrating a thermal dissipation of a power module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment， bottom side of host board does not have enough space for a power module， such as heat pipes in heat-sink. For this case， the module 601 can be mounted to another side of host board 602， the module still has double heat dissipation path， one path is that solder with host board by solder bumps 603 which contact with heat-sink 604， another path is contact with cover or baseplate 605 by TIM 606.
The disclosure has been described above with reference to embodiments thereof. It should be understood that various modifications， alternations and additions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirits and scope of the disclosure. Therefore， the scope of the disclosure is not limited to the above particular embodiments but only defined by the claims as attached.

Claims (10)

  1. A cooling package in a power module， comprising：
    -a first side for placing one or more semiconductor components；
    -one or more holes for placing one or more magnetic components； and
    -a second side with one or more connection parts.
  2. The cooling package of claim 1， wherein the connection parts are solder bumps using for heat conducting.
  3. The cooling package of claim 1， wherein one or more thermal vias are formed under the connection parts.
  4. The cooling package of claim 1， wherein a heat sink is mounted upon the first side.
  5. The cooling package of claim 1， wherein a host board is mounted upon the second side.
  6. The cooling package of claim 1， wherein a cover or a baseplate is mounted upon the second side.
  7. The cooling package of claim 1， wherein a cover or a baseplate is mounted upon the first side.
  8. The cooling package of claim 1， wherein a heat sink is mounted upon the second side.
  9. A power module， comprising：
    -one or more semiconductor components；
    -one or more magnetic components； and
    -a cooling package of any of claims 1-8.
  10. An electronic device， comprising a power module of claim 9.
PCT/CN2016/103234 2016-10-25 2016-10-25 Cooling package and power module Ceased WO2018076177A1 (en)

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US16/344,640 US10959319B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2016-10-25 Cooling package and power module
EP16920196.9A EP3533303B1 (en) 2016-10-25 2016-10-25 Power module
PCT/CN2016/103234 WO2018076177A1 (en) 2016-10-25 2016-10-25 Cooling package and power module

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US10959319B2 (en) 2021-03-23
EP3533303B1 (en) 2023-01-25
EP3533303A4 (en) 2019-10-30
EP3533303A1 (en) 2019-09-04
US20200068700A1 (en) 2020-02-27

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