WO2018077021A1 - 一种线性恒流驱动电路 - Google Patents

一种线性恒流驱动电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018077021A1
WO2018077021A1 PCT/CN2017/105342 CN2017105342W WO2018077021A1 WO 2018077021 A1 WO2018077021 A1 WO 2018077021A1 CN 2017105342 W CN2017105342 W CN 2017105342W WO 2018077021 A1 WO2018077021 A1 WO 2018077021A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit
integrated circuit
leg
voltage
current source
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邵蕴奇
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Shanghai Looall Electronics Co Ltd
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Shanghai Looall Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority to US16/340,569 priority Critical patent/US10687401B2/en
Priority to EP17864992.7A priority patent/EP3534677A4/en
Publication of WO2018077021A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018077021A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/395—Linear regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an LED driving circuit, and in particular to a linear constant current driving circuit, and more particularly to a linear constant current driving scheme that can be implemented using an integrated circuit.
  • the current LED driving scheme is based on the traditional high-frequency switching power supply. This scheme uses high-frequency switching circuits, which are complicated in circuit and high in cost. Many manufacturers have begun to study simple, reliable and inexpensive linear constant current driving schemes.
  • a linear constant current driving circuit currently used comprising a mains VAC1, a rectifier bridge DB1, an LED string LED1, and a current source CC1.
  • the input end of the rectifier bridge DB1 is connected to the mains VAC1, the positive end of the output terminal is connected to the anode of the LED1, the negative pole is grounded, and the cathode of the LED1 is connected to the negative pole of the rectifier bridge via the current source CC1.
  • the voltage across the constant current source CC1 is the rectified voltage of the rectifier bridge to overcome the residual value after the voltage drop of the LED1.
  • To reduce the heat generation it is necessary to make the voltage drop of the LED as close as possible to the rectified voltage, but in this way, when the mains voltage is lowered, the current flowing on the LED1 will decrease significantly, so in practical applications, it must be in efficiency and Make a compromise between the input voltage ranges.
  • the more common configuration is: at 220vac input voltage, the total voltage of LED1 is designed to be 230-260V; for 120vac input voltage, the total voltage of LED1 is designed to be 120-135V, different power, different products, So, this gives LED lighting products Solution design and cost control have brought great difficulties.
  • the present invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit and a linear constant current driving circuit implemented using an integrated circuit.
  • the invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit, which is powered by a commercial power, and comprises: a rectifier bridge, an LED string, a storage capacitor, a first switch sub-circuit, a second switch sub-circuit and a third switch sub-circuit; and an input of the rectifier bridge Connected to the mains, comprising two outputs;
  • the LED string is composed of a plurality of LEDs connected in series, having a first end, a second end and a tap end, the tap end being any series node or first end of the LED string;
  • One end is connected to one output end of the rectifier bridge, the second end is connected to one end of the storage capacitor via the first switch sub-circuit, and the other end of the storage capacitor is connected to the other output end of the rectifier bridge to form an energy absorption branch;
  • One end of the second switch sub-circuit is connected to the intersection of the first switch sub-circuit and the storage capacitor, and the other end is connected to the tap end of the LED string;
  • the invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit, which further has the following characteristics: when the output voltage amplitude of the rectifier bridge is greater than the sum of the voltage of the LED string and the voltage across the storage capacitor, the first switching sub-circuit and the energy absorption branch Conduction; the second switch sub-circuit, the third switch sub-circuit, the energy bleed branch, and the LED straight-through branch are cut off; when the output voltage of the rectifier bridge is greater than the LED string The voltage, but less than the sum of the voltage of the LED string and the voltage across the storage capacitor, the third switch sub-circuit and the LED through-branch are turned on, the first switch sub-circuit, the second switch sub-circuit, the energy absorption branch and the energy The bleeder branch is cut off; when the output voltage amplitude of the rectifier bridge is less than the voltage of the LED string, the first switch sub-circuit, the energy absorption branch and the LED straight-through branch are cut off, the second switch sub-circuit, the third switch sub-circuit And the energy discharge branch
  • the present invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit, which further has the following feature: the third switching sub-circuit is a controlled current source, and the controlled current source is in an off state when the energy absorption branch is turned on, and is in a conducting state. It has a current limiting function when it is in the on state.
  • the invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit, which further has the following feature: a current source is connected in series at any position on the energy absorption branch, and the current source is subjected to a forward voltage when the energy absorption branch is turned on, and has a current limiting function. .
  • the invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit, which further has the following feature: the current limiting value of the current source is greater than the current limiting value of the controlled current source.
  • the present invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit, which further has the following feature: the first switching sub-circuit and/or the second switching sub-circuit are a diode.
  • the present invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit, further comprising: a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a first integrated circuit; the first switch sub-circuit is a first diode, and the second switch The sub-circuit is a second diode, the third switch sub-circuit is a second integrated circuit; the input of the rectifier bridge is connected to the mains, the output first end is positive, the second end is grounded; the first integrated circuit and the second integrated circuit are both There are three legs, the first pin is a current input end, the second leg is a chip ground, and the third leg is a current detecting end; the first integrated circuit includes a first voltage controlled current source and a first signal reference, and the first voltage controlled current The source includes two power terminals and two control terminals, the first voltage-controlled current source Two power terminals are respectively connected to the first and third legs of the first integrated circuit, one control end of the first voltage controlled current source is connected to the positive pole of the first signal reference, and the other control end is connected
  • the present invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit, further characterized by: further comprising: a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a third integrated circuit; the first switch sub-circuit is a first diode, and the second switch sub-circuit is a a second diode; the third switch sub-circuit is a fourth integrated circuit; the input of the rectifier bridge is connected to the mains, the output first end is positive, the second end is grounded; the third integrated circuit and the fourth integrated circuit each have three feet
  • the first pin is a current input terminal, the second pin is a chip ground, and the third pin is a current detecting terminal;
  • the third integrated circuit includes a third voltage controlled current source and a third signal reference, and the third voltage controlled current source includes two Power terminal and two control terminals, two functions of the third voltage-controlled current source
  • the rate terminals are respectively connected to the first leg and the third leg of the third integrated circuit, one control end of the third voltage controlled current source is connected to the positive pole of the third signal reference, and
  • the present invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit, which further has the following features: a switching current source connected in parallel across the output of the rectifier bridge, the switching current source being turned on in any one of the energy absorption branch and the LED through branch. The time is up, and the other is turned on.
  • the invention provides a linear constant current driving circuit and a linear constant current driving circuit realized by using an integrated circuit, which has the beneficial effects of allowing a wide range of LED voltages under a fixed mains supply voltage, so that the lighting designer The choice of LEDs is more flexible.
  • Figure 1 shows a linear constant current drive circuit currently in use.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a linear constant current driving circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a linear constant current driving circuit of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a linear constant current driving circuit of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a linear constant current driving circuit of the present invention.
  • the linear constant current driving circuit includes: a mains AC2, a rectifier bridge DB2, LED12 to LEDn2, an LED string sequentially connected in series, a storage capacitor C2, a first switch sub-circuit SA2, a second switch sub-circuit SB2, and The third switch SC2 sub-circuit.
  • rectifier bridge DB2 The input of rectifier bridge DB2 is connected to mains AC2 and contains two outputs.
  • the LED string consists of several LEDs connected in series from LED12 to LEDn2.
  • the LED string has a first end L1, a second end L2 and a tap end LC, respectively defined as follows: one end of the LED 12 not connected to the other LED is the first end L1, and one end of the LED n2 not connected to the other LED is the second end L2 Any series node or first end of the LED string is the tap end LC.
  • the first end L1 of the LED string is connected to one output end of the rectifier bridge DB2, the second end L2 is connected via one end of the first switch SA2 and the storage capacitor C2, and the other end of the storage capacitor C2 is connected to the second end of the rectifier bridge DB2.
  • the output constitutes an energy absorption branch.
  • One end of the second switch SB2 is connected to the junction of the first switch SA2 and the storage capacitor C2, and the other end is connected to the tap end LC of the LED string.
  • One end of the third switch SC2 is connected to the second end L2 of the LED string, and the other end is connected to the other output end of the rectifier bridge DB2.
  • the energy storage capacitor C2, the second switch SB2, the LEDn2 between the tap end LC of the LED string and the second terminal L2, and the third switch SC2 constitute an energy bleed branch.
  • the output of the rectifier bridge DB1, the LED string and the third switch SC2 constitute an LED through branch.
  • the first switch SA2 When the output voltage amplitude of the rectifier bridge DB2 is smaller than the voltage of the LED string, the first switch SA2, the energy absorption branch and the LED through branch are turned off, and the second switch SB2, the third switch SC2 and the energy release branch are turned on.
  • the LED pass-through branch of Figure 2 allows the LED string to conduct at a lower mains amplitude voltage, which results in a wider input voltage range for actual LED lighting products.
  • the third switch SC2 in FIG. 2 is replaced with a controlled current source, and the controlled current source is in an off state when the energy absorption branch is turned on, and is in an on state.
  • a current source is connected in series at any position on the energy absorption branch, and the current source has a current limiting function when the energy absorption branch is turned on.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a linear constant current driving circuit of the first embodiment.
  • the linear constant current driving circuit includes: a rectifier bridge DB3, an LED string, a storage capacitor C3, a first switch sub-circuit SA3, a second switch sub-circuit SB3, a first resistor R13, a second resistor R23, The third resistor R33, the first integrated circuit UA3, and the third switch sub-circuit UB3.
  • the first switch sub-circuit SA3 is a first diode
  • the second switch sub-circuit SB3 is a second diode
  • the third switch sub-circuit UB3 is a second integrated circuit.
  • the input of the rectifier bridge DB3 is connected to the mains AC3, the first output terminal I3 is positive, and the second output terminal II3 is grounded.
  • the LED string is composed of LED13 to LEDn3 and several LEDs are connected in series, and has a first end L31, a second end L32 and a tap end L3C, which are respectively defined as follows: one end of the LED 13 not connected to other LEDs is the first end L31, and is not connected with other LEDs. One end of the connected LEDn3 is a second end L32, and any series node or first end of the LED string is a tap end L3C.
  • the first integrated circuit UA3 and the second integrated circuit UB3 each have three legs, the first pin is a current input end, the second leg is a chip ground, and the third leg is a current detecting end.
  • the first integrated circuit UA3 internally includes a first voltage-controlled current source CCA3 and a first signal reference VA3.
  • the first voltage-controlled current source CCA3 includes two power terminals and two control terminals, and the two power terminals are respectively connected to the first integrated circuit.
  • One control end of the first voltage-controlled current source CCA3 is connected to the anode of the first signal reference VA3, the other is connected to the third leg 3 of the first integrated circuit UA3, and the cathode of the first signal reference VA3 is connected to the first integrated circuit UA3.
  • the second integrated circuit UB3 as the third switch sub-circuit internally includes: a second voltage-controlled current source CCB3 and a second signal reference VB3, and the second voltage-controlled current source CCB3 includes two power terminals and two control terminals, two powers The terminals are respectively connected to the first leg 4 and the third leg 6 of the second integrated circuit UB3.
  • One control end of the second voltage-controlled current source CCB3 is connected to the anode of the second signal reference VB3, the other control terminal is connected to the third leg 6 of the second integrated circuit UB3, and the negative terminal of the second signal reference VB3 is connected to the second integration.
  • the first end L31 of the LED string is connected to the first output end I3 of the rectifier bridge DB3, the second end L32 is connected to the anode of the first diode SA3, and the cathode of the first diode SA3 is connected to one end of the storage capacitor C3.
  • the other end of the storage capacitor C3 is connected to the first leg 1 of the first integrated circuit UA3 via the first resistor R13, and the third leg 3 of the first integrated circuit UA3 is grounded via the second resistor R23.
  • the second leg 2 of the first integrated circuit UA3 and the second output terminal II3 of the rectifier bridge DB3 are grounded.
  • the anode of the second diode SB3 is connected to the junction of the first diode SA3 and the storage capacitor C3, and the cathode is connected to the tap end L3C of the LED string.
  • the first leg 4 of the second integrated circuit UB3 is connected to the second end L32 of the LED string, and the second leg 5 is connected to the first leg 1 and the third leg 6 of the first integrated circuit UA3 via the third resistor R33 to be connected to the energy storage device.
  • the output of the rectifier bridge DB3, the LED string, the first diode SA3, the storage capacitor C3, the first resistor R13, the first leg 1 to the third leg 3 of the first integrated circuit and the second resistor R23 constitute an energy absorption branch road.
  • the storage capacitor C3, the second diode SB3, the LEDn3 between the tapped end and the second end of the LED string, the first leg 4 to the third leg 6 of the second integrated circuit UB3, and the third resistor R33 constitute an energy bleed Branch road.
  • the output of the rectifier bridge DB3, the LED string, the first leg 4 to the third leg 6 of the second integrated circuit UB3, the third resistor R33, the first resistor R13, and the first leg 1 to the third leg 2 of the first integrated circuit UA3 And the second resistor R23 constitutes an LED through branch.
  • the output voltage amplitude of the rectifier bridge DB3 is greater than the voltage of the LED string, but less than the sum of the voltage of the LED string and the voltage across the storage capacitor C3, the second integrated circuit UB3 and the LED straight-through branch Turning on, the first diode SA3, the second diode SB3, the energy absorption branch, and the energy release branch are all turned off;
  • the first diode SA3, the energy absorption branch and the LED through branch are turned off, the second diode SB3, the second integrated circuit UB3, and the energy bleed The branch is turned on.
  • the linear constant current driving circuit of the first embodiment realizes the advantageous effects of the present invention by using two independent integrated circuits.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a linear constant current driving circuit of the second embodiment.
  • the linear constant current driving circuit includes a rectifier bridge DB4, an LED string, a storage capacitor C4, a first switch sub-circuit SA4, a second switch sub-circuit SB4, a fourth resistor R14, a fifth resistor R24, and a Three integrated circuits UA4.
  • the first switch sub-circuit SA4 is a first diode
  • the second switch sub-circuit SB4 is a second diode
  • the fourth integrated circuit UB4 is a third switch sub-circuit.
  • the input of the rectifier bridge DB4 is connected to the mains AC4, the first output terminal I4 is positive, and the second output terminal II4 is grounded.
  • the LED string is composed of LED14 to LEDn4 and several LEDs are connected in series, and has a first end L41, a second end L42 and a tap end L4C, respectively defined as follows: one end of the LED 14 not connected to other LEDs is the first end L41, not with other LEDs. One end of the connected LEDn4 is a second end L42, and any series node or first end of the LED string is a tap end L4C.
  • the third integrated circuit UA4 and the fourth integrated circuit UB4 each have three legs.
  • the third integrated circuit UA4 internally includes a third voltage-controlled current source CCA4 and a third signal reference VA4.
  • the third voltage-controlled current source CCA4 includes two power terminals and two control terminals, and the two power terminals are respectively connected to the third integrated circuit.
  • the first leg 12 and the third leg 14 of the UA4, one of the two control terminals is connected to the positive pole of the third signal reference VA4, the other control terminal is connected to the third leg 14 of the third integrated circuit UA4, and the third signal reference VA4
  • the negative electrode is connected to the second leg 13 of the third integrated circuit UA4.
  • the fourth integrated circuit UB4 internally includes: a fourth voltage-controlled current source CCB4 and a fourth signal reference VB4, and the fourth voltage-controlled current source CCB4 includes two power terminals and two control terminals, and the two power terminals are respectively connected to the fourth integration
  • the first leg 15 and the third leg 17 of the circuit UB4 one of the two control terminals is connected to the positive pole of the fourth signal reference VB4, the other is connected to the third leg 17 of the fourth integrated circuit UB4, and the negative terminal of the fourth signal reference VB4 Connected to the second leg 16 of the fourth integrated circuit UB4.
  • the first end L41 of the LED string is connected to the first output end I4 of the rectifier bridge DB4, the second end L42 is connected to the anode of the first diode SA4, and the cathode of the first diode SA4 is connected to one end of the storage capacitor C4.
  • the other end of the storage capacitor C4 is connected to the first leg 12 of the third integrated circuit UA4, and the third leg 14 of the third integrated circuit UA4 is grounded via the fourth resistor R14.
  • the first pin 15 of the fourth integrated circuit UB4 is connected to the second end L42 of the LED string, and the third leg 17 is connected to the third leg 14 of the third integrated circuit UA4 via the fifth resistor R24.
  • the second leg 13 of the third integrated circuit UA4 and the second leg 16 of the fourth integrated circuit UB4 are both grounded.
  • the anode of the second diode SB4 is connected to the junction of the first diode SA4 and the storage capacitor C4, and the cathode is connected to the tap end L4C of the LED string.
  • the output of the rectifier bridge DB4, the LED string, the first diode SA4, the storage capacitor C4, the first leg 12 to the third leg 14 of the third integrated circuit UA4, and the fourth resistor R14 constitute an energy absorption branch.
  • the third leg 14 to the first leg 12 of the third integrated circuit UA4 constitute an energy release branch.
  • the output of the rectifier bridge DB4, the LED string, the first leg 15 to the third leg 17, the fifth resistor R24, and the fourth resistor R14 of the fourth integrated circuit UB4 constitute an LED through branch.
  • the fourth integrated circuit UB4 and the LED through-pass branch are turned on, the first two poles The tube SA4, the second diode SB4, the energy absorption branch, and the energy release branch are all turned off;
  • the first diode SA4 When the output voltage amplitude of the rectifier bridge DB4 is smaller than the voltage of the LED string, the first diode SA4, the energy absorption branch and the LED through-pass branch are turned off, the second diode SB4, the fourth integrated circuit UB4, and the energy bleed The branch is turned on.
  • the third integrated circuit UA4 and the fourth integrated circuit UB4 in this embodiment use the same ground level to facilitate integration into a package to realize the beneficial effects of the present invention.
  • a switching current source can be connected in parallel across the output of the rectifier bridge.
  • the switching current source is connected in parallel at the output ends of the rectifier bridge, and any of the energy absorption branch and the LED straight-through branch.

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Abstract

一种线性恒流驱动电路，由市电（AC2）供电，LED串的第一端（L1）连接到整流桥（DB2）的一个输出端、第二端（L2）经由第一开关子电路和储能电容（C2）的一端连接，储能电容的另一端连接到整流桥的另一个输出端；第二开关子电路的一端连接到第一开关子电路和储能电容的交汇点，另一端连接到LED串的抽头端（LC）；第三开关子电路的一端连接到LED串的第二端，另一端连接到整流桥和储能电容的交汇点。在固定的市电供电电压下，能允许较宽范围的LED电压，使得照明设计者对LED的选择更加灵活。

Description

一种线性恒流驱动电路 技术领域
本发明涉及LED驱动电路，具体涉及一种线性恒流驱动电路，尤其涉及到能够使用集成电路实现的线性恒流驱动方案。
背景技术
当前的LED驱动方案以传统的高频开关电源为主，该方案使用高频开关电路，电路复杂，成本高，使得众多厂商开始研究简单、可靠和廉价的线性恒流驱动方案。
图1为目前使用的一种线性恒流驱动电路,包含一市电VAC1，一整流桥DB1、一LED串LED1，一电流源CC1。
整流桥DB1的输入端与市电VAC1相连，输出端正极与LED1的阳极相连，负极接地，LED1的阴极经电流源CC1与整流桥的负极相连。
该方案中，市电整流电压幅值超过LED1压降的部分全部转换成热量，消耗在恒流源CC1上。
恒流源CC1两端的电压为整流桥的整流电压克服LED1压降后的剩余值，该部分剩余值越大，则恒流源CC1的发热量越大，电路的效率越低，为提高效率，降低发热量，需要使得LED的压降尽可能的接近整流电压，但这样一来，当市电电压降低时，LED1上流过的电流又会比较明显的下降，因此实际应用中，必须在效率和输入电压范围之间做出折衷选择。当前，比较常用的配置为：在220vac输入电压下，LED1的总电压设计为230-260V；对于120vac输入电压下，LED1的总电压设计为120-135V，不同的功率，不同的产品，都是如此，这给LED照明产品的 方案设计和成本控制带来了极大的困难。
因此，需要一种线性恒流电路结构，在固定的市电供电时，能允许较宽范围的LED电压，使得照明设计者对LED的选择更加灵活。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的技术缺陷，本发明提供了一种线性恒流驱动电路以及使用集成电路实现的线性恒流驱动电路。
本发明提供一种线性恒流驱动电路，由市电供电，包括：整流桥、LED串、储能电容、第一开关子电路、第二开关子电路和第三开关子电路；整流桥的输入连接市电，包含两个输出端；LED串由若干个LED串联组成，具有第一端、第二端和抽头端，抽头端为LED串的任一串联节点或第一端；LED串的第一端连接到整流桥的一个输出端、第二端经由第一开关子电路和储能电容的一端连接，储能电容的另一端连接到整流桥的另一个输出端，构成能量吸收支路；第二开关子电路的一端连接到第一开关子电路和储能电容的交汇点，另一端连接到LED串的抽头端；第三开关子电路的一端连接到LED串的第二端，另一端连接到整流桥和储能电容的交汇点；储能电容、第二开关子电路、LED串的抽头端与第二端之间的LED和第三开关子电路构成能量泄放支路；整流桥的两个输出端、LED串和第三开关子电路构成LED直通支路。
本发明提供一种线性恒流驱动电路，还具有以下特征：当整流桥的输出电压幅值大于LED串的电压和储能电容两端电压之和时，第一开关子电路和能量吸收支路导通；第二开关子电路、第三开关子电路、能量泄放支路和LED直通支路截止；当整流桥的输出电压幅值大于LED串的 电压，但小于LED串的电压和储能电容两端电压之和时，第三开关子电路和LED直通支路导通，第一开关子电路、第二开关子电路、能量吸收支路和能量泄放支路均截止；当整流桥的输出电压幅值小于LED串的电压时，第一开关子电路、能量吸收支路和LED直通支路截止，第二开关子电路、第三开关子电路和能量泄放支路导通。
本发明提供一种线性恒流驱动电路，还具有以下特征：第三开关子电路为一受控电流源，受控电流源在能量吸收支路导通时处于截止状态，反之处于导通状态，导通状态时具有限流功能。
本发明提供一种线性恒流驱动电路，还具有以下特征：在能量吸收支路上的任一位置串联入一电流源，电流源在能量吸收支路导通时承受正向电压，具有限流功能。
本发明提供一种线性恒流驱动电路，还具有以下特征：电流源的限流值大于受控电流源的限流值。
本发明提供一种线性恒流驱动电路，还具有以下特征：第一开关子电路和/或第二开关子电路为一二极管。
本发明提供一种线性恒流驱动电路，还具有以下特征：还包括第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻、第一集成电路；第一开关子电路为第一二极管，第二开关子电路为第二二极管，第三开关子电路为第二集成电路；整流桥的输入连接市电，输出第一端为正，第二端接地；第一集成电路和第二集成电路均具有三个脚，第一脚为电流输入端，第二脚为芯片地，第三脚为电流检测端；第一集成电路包含第一压控电流源和第一信号基准，第一压控电流源包含两个功率端和两个控制端，第一压控电流源的 两个功率端分别连接到第一集成电路第一脚和第三脚，第一压控电流源的一个控制端与第一信号基准的正极相连，另一个控制端连接到第一集成电路的第三脚，第一信号基准的负极连接到第一集成电路的第二脚；第二集成电路包含第二压控电流源和第二信号基准，第二压控电流源包含两个功率端和两个控制端，第二压控电流源的两个功率端分别连接到第二集成电路第一脚和第三脚，第二压控电流源的一个控制端与第二信号基准的正极相连，另一个控制端连接到第二集成电路的第三脚，第二信号基准的负极连接到第二集成电路的第二脚；LED串的第一端连接到整流桥输出的第一端、第二端接第一二极管的阳极，第一二极管的阴极与储能电容的一端连接，储能电容的另一端经由第一电阻连接到第一集成电路的第一脚，第一集成电路的第三脚经由第二电阻接地；第一集成电路的第二脚接地；第二二极管的阳极连接到第一二极管和储能电容的交汇点，阴极连接到LED串的抽头端；第二集成电路第一脚连接到LED串的第二端、第二脚连接到第一集成电路的第一脚、第三脚经由第三电阻连接到储能电容与第一电阻的交汇处。
本发明提供一种线性恒流驱动电路，还具有以下特征：还包括第四电阻、第五电阻和第三集成电路；第一开关子电路为第一二极管，第二开关子电路为第二二极管；第三开关子电路为第四集成电路；整流桥的输入连接市电，输出第一端为正，第二端接地；第三集成电路和第四集成电路均具有三个脚，第一脚为电流输入端，第二脚为芯片地，第三脚为电流检测端；第三集成电路包含第三压控电流源和第三信号基准，第三压控电流源包含两个功率端和两个控制端，第三压控电流源的两个功 率端分别连接到第三集成电路的第一脚和第三脚，第三压控电流源的一个控制端与第三信号基准的正极相连，另一个控制端连接到第三集成电路的第三脚，第三信号基准的负极连接到第三集成电路的第二脚；第四集成电路包含第四压控电流源和第四信号基准，第四压控电流源包含两个功率端和两个控制端，第四压控电流源的两个功率端分别连接到第四集成电路的第一脚和第三脚，第四压控电流源的一个控制端与第四信号基准的正极相连，另一个连接到第四集成电路的第三脚，第四信号基准的负极连接到第四集成电路的第二脚；LED串的第一端连接到整流桥输出的第一端、第二端接第一二极管的阳极，第一二极管的阴极与储能电容的一端连接，储能电容的另一端连接到第三集成电路的第一脚，第三集成电路的第三脚经由第四电阻接地；第四集成电路第一脚连接到LED串的第二端、第三脚经由第五电阻连接到第三集成电路的第三脚；第三集成电路和第四集成电路的第二脚均接地；第二二极管的阳极连接到第一二极管和储能电容的交汇点，阴极连接到LED串的抽头端。
本发明提供一种线性恒流驱动电路，还具有以下特征：还包括一并联在整流桥输出两端的开关电流源，开关电流源在能量吸收支路和LED直通支路中的任意一个导通的时候截止，反之导通。
本发明提供了一种线性恒流驱动电路以及使用集成电路实现的线性恒流驱动电路，其有益效果为：在固定的市电供电电压下，能允许较宽范围的LED电压，使得照明设计者对LED的选择更加灵活。
附图说明
图1为目前使用的一种线性恒流驱动电路。
图2是本发明的线性恒流驱动电路的原理图。
图3是实施例一的线性恒流驱动电路图。
图4是实施例二的线性恒流驱动电路图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的描述。
图2是本发明的线性恒流驱动电路的原理图。
如图2所示，线性恒流驱动电路包括：市电AC2、整流桥DB2、LED12至LEDn2依次串联组成的LED串、储能电容C2、第一开关子电路SA2、第二开关子电路SB2和第三开关SC2子电路。
整流桥DB2的输入连接市电AC2，包含两个输出端。
LED串由LED12至LEDn2若干个LED串联组成。LED串具有第一端L1、第二端L2和抽头端LC，分别定义如下：未与其他LED相连的LED12的一端为第一端L1、未与其他LED相连的LEDn2的一端为第二端L2，LED串的任一串联节点或第一端为抽头端LC。
LED串的第一端L1连接到整流桥DB2的一个输出端、第二端L2经由第一开关SA2和储能电容C2的一端连接，储能电容C2的另一端连接到整流桥DB2的第二输出端，构成能量吸收支路。
第二开关SB2的一端连接到第一开关SA2和储能电容C2的交汇点，另一端连接到LED串的抽头端LC。第三开关SC2的一端连接到LED串的第二端L2，另一端连接到整流桥DB2的另一输出端。储能电容C2、第二开关SB2、LED串的抽头端LC与第二端L2之间的LEDn2和第三开关SC2构成能量泄放支路。
整流桥DB1的输出、LED串和第三开关SC2构成LED直通支路。
其工作原理为：
当整流桥DB2的输出电压幅值大于LED串的电压和储能电容C2两端电压之和时，第一开关SA2和能量吸收支路导通；第二开关SB2、第三开关SC2、能量泄放支路和LED直通支路截止。
当整流桥DB2的输出电压幅值大于LED串的电压，但小于LED串的电压和储能电容C2两端电压之和时，第三开关SC2和LED直通支路导通，第一开关SA2、第二开关SB2、能量吸收支路和能量泄放支路均截止。
当整流桥DB2的输出电压幅值小于LED串的电压时，第一开关SA2、能量吸收支路和LED直通支路截止，第二开关SB2、第三开关SC2和能量泄放支路导通。
因此，图2的电路结构和工作原理具有如下有益效果：
1)利用储能电容吸收了市电整流电压的峰值能量，该峰值能量在市电电压较低时被释放到部分或者全部LED中去，避免了传统线性恒流驱动电路将市电整流电压幅值超过LED门限电压的部分转换成热量的缺点，因而，在实际LED照明产品设计中，可以使用较低压降的LED串。
2)由于可以使用较低压降的LED串，图2中的LED直通支路允许LED串在较低的市电幅值电压下导通，这使得实际LED照明产品的输入电压范围更宽。
3)由于LED串的电压较低，使得市电输入电流的导通角度加大，导通占空比更大，因此功率因数获得改善，减少了对电网的干扰。
4)当使用交流调压器逐渐降低市电电压降或者在交流电上串联切相调光器对LED调光时，在低亮度时所有的LED亮度一致。
5)上述3)和4)使得该方案适合应用在交流侧串联切相调光器的场合。
公知的是，LED为电流型驱动器件，但图2中并未包含任何电流限制的器件，这是为了简化说明本发明的思路和电路原理。
对图2做如下处理，可以使之成为一个实用的线性恒流驱动电路：
1)将图2中的第三开关SC2替换为一受控电流源，并使该受控电流源在能量吸收支路导通时处于截止状态，反之处于导通状态。
2)在能量吸收支路上的任一位置串联入一电流源，电流源在能量吸收支路导通时具有限流功能。
3)将图2中的第一开关SA2和第二开关SB2分别替换为二极管。
图3是实施例一的线性恒流驱动电路图。
如图3所示，线性恒流驱动电路，包括：整流桥DB3、LED串、储能电容C3、第一开关子电路SA3、第二开关子电路SB3、第一电阻R13、第二电阻R23、第三电阻R33、第一集成电路UA3和第三开关子电路UB3。
第一开关子电路SA3为第一二极管，第二开关子电路SB3为第二二极管。第三开关子电路UB3为第二集成电路。整流桥DB3的输入连接市电AC3，第一输出端I3为正，第二输出端II3接地。
LED串由LED13至LEDn3若干个LED串联组成，具有第一端L31、第二端L32和抽头端L3C，分别定义如下：未与其他LED相连的LED13的一端为第一端L31、未与其他LED相连的LEDn3的一端为第二端L32，LED串的任一串联节点或第一端为抽头端L3C。
第一集成电路UA3和第二集成电路UB3均具有三个脚，第一脚为电流输入端，第二脚为芯片地，第三脚为电流检测端。
第一集成电路UA3内部包含第一压控电流源CCA3和第一信号基准VA3，第一压控电流源CCA3包含两个功率端和两个控制端，两个功率端分别连接到第一集成电路UA3的第一脚1和第三脚3。第一压控电流源CCA3的一个控制端与第一信号基准VA3的正极相连，另一个连接到第一集成电路UA3的第三脚3，第一信号基准VA3的负极连接到第一集成电路UA3的第二脚2。
作为第三开关子电路的第二集成电路UB3内部包含：第二压控电流源CCB3和第二信号基准VB3，第二压控电流源CCB3包含两个功率端和两个控制端，两个功率端分别连接到第二集成电路UB3的第一脚4和第三脚6。第二压控电流源CCB3的一个控制端与第二信号基准VB3的正极相连，另一个控制端连接到第二集成电路UB3的第三脚6，第二信号基准VB3的负极连接到第二集成电路UB3的第二脚5。
LED串的第一端L31连接到整流桥DB3的第一输出端I3，第二端L32接第一二极管SA3的阳极，第一二极管SA3的阴极与储能电容C3的一端连接，储能电容C3的另一端经由第一电阻R13连接到第一集成电路UA3的第一脚1，第一集成电路UA3的第三脚3经由第二电阻R23接地。
第一集成电路UA3的第二脚2和整流桥DB3的第二输出端II3接地。
第二二极管SB3的阳极连接到第一二极管SA3和储能电容C3的交汇点，阴极连接到LED串的抽头端L3C。
第二集成电路UB3的第一脚4连接到LED串的第二端L32、第二脚5连接到第一集成电路UA3的第一脚1、第三脚6经由第三电阻R33连接到储能电容C3与第一电阻R13的交汇处。
整流桥DB3的输出、LED串、第一二极管SA3、储能电容C3、第一电阻R13、第一集成电路的第一脚1至第三脚3和第二电阻R23构成了能量吸收支路。
储能电容C3、第二二极管SB3、LED串的抽头端与第二端之间的LEDn3、第二集成电路UB3的第一脚4至第三脚6和第三电阻R33构成能量泄放支路。
整流桥DB3的输出、LED串、第二集成电路UB3的第一脚4至第三脚6、第三电阻R33、第一电阻R13、第一集成电路UA3的第一脚1至第三脚2和第二电阻R23构成LED直通支路。
其工作原理为：
当整流桥DB3的输出电压幅值大于LED串的电压和储能电容C3两端电压之和时，第一二极管SA3和能量吸收支路导通；第二二极管SB3、第二集成电路UB3、能量泄放支路和LED直通支路截止；
当整流桥DB3的输出电压幅值大于LED串的电压，但小于LED串的电压和储能电容C3两端电压之和时，第二集成电路UB3和LED直通支路 导通，第一二极管SA3、第二二极管SB3、能量吸收支路和能量泄放支路均截止；
当整流桥DB3的输出电压幅值小于LED串的电压时，第一二极管SA3、能量吸收支路和LED直通支路截止，第二二极管SB3、第二集成电路UB3和能量泄放支路导通。
实施例一中的线性恒流驱动电路，利用两个独立的集成电路实现了本发明的有益效果。
实施例二
图4是实施例二的线性恒流驱动电路图。
如图4所示，线性恒流驱动电路，包括整流桥DB4、LED串、储能电容C4、第一开关子电路SA4、第二开关子电路SB4、第四电阻R14、第五电阻R24和第三集成电路UA4。
第一开关子电路SA4为第一二极管，第二开关子电路SB4为第二二极管，第四集成电路UB4作为第三开关子电路。
整流桥DB4的输入连接市电AC4，第一输出端I4为正，第二输出端II4接地。
LED串由LED14至LEDn4若干个LED串联组成，具有第一端L41、第二端L42和抽头端L4C，分别定义如下：未与其他LED相连的LED14的一端为第一端L41、未与其他LED相连的LEDn4的一端为第二端L42，LED串的任一串联节点或第一端为抽头端L4C。
第三集成电路UA4和第四集成电路UB4均具有三个脚。
第三集成电路UA4内部包含第三压控电流源CCA4和第三信号基准VA4，第三压控电流源CCA4包含两个功率端和两个控制端，两个功率端分别连接到第三集成电路UA4的第一脚12和第三脚14，两个控制端的一个与第三信号基准VA4的正极相连，另一个控制端连接到第三集成电路UA4的第三脚14，第三信号基准VA4的负极连接到第三集成电路UA4的第二脚13。
第四集成电路UB4内部包含：第四压控电流源CCB4和第四信号基准VB4，第四压控电流源CCB4包含两个功率端和两个控制端，两个功率端分别连接到第四集成电路UB4的第一脚15和第三脚17，两个控制端的一个与第四信号基准VB4的正极相连，另一个连接到第四集成电路UB4的第三脚17，第四信号基准VB4的负极连接到第四集成电路UB4的第二脚16。
LED串的第一端L41连接到整流桥DB4的第一输出端I4、第二端L42接第一二极管SA4的阳极，第一二极管SA4的阴极与储能电容C4的一端连接，储能电容C4的另一端连接到第三集成电路UA4的第一脚12，第三集成电路UA4的第三脚14经由第四电阻R14接地。
第四集成电路UB4第一脚15连接到LED串的第二端L42、第三脚17经由第五电阻R24连接到第三集成电路UA4的第三脚14。
第三集成电路UA4的第二脚13和第四集成电路UB4的第二脚16均接地。
第二二极管SB4的阳极连接到第一二极管SA4和储能电容C4的交汇点，阴极连接到LED串的抽头端L4C。
整流桥DB4的输出、LED串、第一二极管SA4、储能电容C4、第三集成电路UA4的第一脚12至第三脚14和第四电阻R14构成了能量吸收支路。
储能电容C4、第二二极管SB4、LED串的抽头端L4C与第二端L42之间的LEDn4、第四集成电路UB4的第一脚15至第三脚17、第五电阻R24和第三集成电路UA4的第三脚14至第一脚12，构成能量泄放支路。
整流桥DB4的输出、LED串、第四集成电路UB4的第一脚15至第三脚17、第五电阻R24、第四电阻R14，构成LED直通支路。
其工作原理为：
当整流桥DB4的输出电压幅值大于LED串的电压和储能电容C4两端电压之和时，第一二极管SA4和能量吸收支路导通；第二二极管SB4、第四集成电路UB4、能量泄放支路和LED直通支路截止；
当整流桥DB4的输出电压幅值大于LED串的电压，但小于LED串的电压和储能电容C4两端电压之和时，第四集成电路UB4和LED直通支路导通，第一二极管SA4、第二二极管SB4、能量吸收支路和能量泄放支路均截止；
当整流桥DB4的输出电压幅值小于LED串的电压时，第一二极管SA4、能量吸收支路和LED直通支路截止，第二二极管SB4、第四集成电路UB4和能量泄放支路导通。
本实施例中的第三集成电路UA4和第四集成电路UB4使用同一个地电平，方便集成到一个封装内实现本发明的有益效果。
在所有上述实施例的基础上，均可以在整流桥的输出两端并联一开关电流源，该开关电流源并联在整流桥的输出两端，在能量吸收支路和LED直通支路中的任意一个导通的时候截止，反之导通，其有益效果是：维持市电电流连续，使本发明更好地兼容使用传统可控硅调光器的供电场合。
上述实施例是为了说明而不是限制本发明，在不脱离所附权利要求的保护范围的前提下，本方案还会有各种变化，这些变化和改进都将落入本发明要求保护的范围内。词语“包含”或“包括”不排除那些与权利要求中列出的元件或步骤不同元件或步骤的存在，元件“一”或“一个”不排除多个元件的存在，在列举几种电路的权利要求中，这些电路中的几个可以由一个来表现，电子器件项也是同样，仅仅因为某些方法是在互不相同的从属权利要求中描述的，并不说明这些方法的组合不能用来获利。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种线性恒流驱动电路，由市电供电，其特征在于：包括整流桥、LED串、储能电容、第一开关子电路、第二开关子电路和第三开关子电路，其中：
    所述整流桥的输入连接市电，包含两个输出端；
    所述LED串由若干个LED串联组成，具有第一端、第二端和抽头端，所述抽头端为所述LED串的任一串联节点或第一端；
    所述LED串的第一端连接到所述整流桥的一个输出端、第二端经由所述第一开关子电路和所述储能电容的一端连接，所述储能电容的另一端连接到所述整流桥的另一个输出端，构成能量吸收支路；
    所述第二开关子电路的一端连接到所述第一开关子电路和所述储能电容的交汇点，另一端连接到所述LED串的抽头端；
    所述第三开关子电路的一端连接到所述LED串的第二端，另一端连接到所述整流桥和所述储能电容的交汇点；
    所述储能电容、所述第二开关子电路、所述LED串的抽头端与第二端之间的LED和所述第三开关子电路构成能量泄放支路；
    所述整流桥的两个输出端、LED串和所述第三开关子电路构成LED直通支路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的线性恒流驱动电路，其特征在于：当整流桥的输出电压幅值大于所述LED串的电压和储能电容两端电压之和时，所述第一开关子电路和能量吸收支路导通；所述第二开关子电路、第三开关子电路、能量泄放支路和所述LED直通支路截止；
    当整流桥的输出电压幅值大于所述LED串的电压，但小于所述LED串的电压和储能电容两端电压之和时，所述第三开关子电路和所述LED直通支路导通，所述第一开关子电路、第二开关子电路、所述能量吸收支路和能量泄放支路均截止；
    当整流桥的输出电压幅值小于所述LED串的电压时，所述第一开关子电路、所述能量吸收支路和所述LED直通支路截止，所述第二开关子电路、第三开关子电路和所述能量泄放支路导通。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的线性恒流驱动电路，其特征在于：所述第三开关子电路为一受控电流源，所述受控电流源在所述能量吸收支路导通时处于截止状态，反之处于导通状态，导通状态时具有限流功能。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的线性恒流驱动电路，其特征在于：在所述能量吸收支路上的任一位置串联入一电流源，所述电流源在能量吸收支路导通时具有限流功能。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的线性恒流驱动电路，其特征在于：所述电流源的限流值大于所述受控电流源的限流值。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的线性恒流驱动电路，其特征在于：所述第一开关子电路和/或第二开关子电路为一二极管。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的线性恒流驱动电路，其特征在于：还包括第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻、第一集成电路，其中：
    第一开关子电路为第一二极管，第二开关子电路为第二二极管，第三开关子电路为第二集成电路；
    所述整流桥的输入连接市电，输出第一端为正，第二端接地；
    所述第一集成电路和第二集成电路均具有三个脚，第一脚为电流输入端，第二脚为芯片地，第三脚为电流检测端；
    所述第一集成电路包含第一压控电流源和第一信号基准，所述第一压控电流源包含两个功率端和两个控制端，所述第一压控电流源的两个功率端分别连接到所述第一集成电路第一脚和第三脚，所述第一压控电流源的一个控制端与所述第一信号基准的正极相连，另一个控制端连接到所述第一集成电路的第三脚，所述第一信号基准的负极连接到所述第一集成电路的第二脚；
    第二集成电路包含第二压控电流源和第二信号基准，所述第二压控电流源包含两个功率端和两个控制端，所述第二压控电流源的两个功率端分别连接到所述第二集成电路第一脚和第三脚，所述第二压控电流源的一个控制端与所述第二信号基准的正极相连，另一个控制端连接到所述第二集成电路的第三脚，所述第二信号基准的负极连接到所述第二集成电路的第二脚；
    所述LED串的第一端连接到所述整流桥输出的第一端、第二端接所述第一二极管的阳极，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述储能电容的一 端连接，所述储能电容的另一端经由第一电阻连接到第一集成电路的第一脚，第一集成电路的第三脚经由第二电阻接地；
    所述第一集成电路的第二脚接地；
    所述第二二极管的阳极连接到所述第一二极管和所述储能电容的交汇点，阴极连接到所述LED串的抽头端；
    所述第二集成电路第一脚连接到所述LED串的第二端、第二脚连接到所述第一集成电路的第一脚、第三脚经由第三电阻连接到所述储能电容与第一电阻的交汇处。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的线性恒流驱动电路，其特征在于：还包括第四电阻、第五电阻和第三集成电路；其中：
    所述第一开关子电路为第一二极管，所述第二开关子电路为第二二极管；所述第三开关子电路为第四集成电路；
    所述整流桥的输入连接市电，输出第一端为正，第二端接地；
    所述第三集成电路和第四集成电路均具有三个脚，第一脚为电流输入端，第二脚为芯片地，第三脚为电流检测端；
    所述第三集成电路包含第三压控电流源和第三信号基准，所述第三压控电流源包含两个功率端和两个控制端，所述第三压控电流源的两个功率端分别连接到所述第三集成电路的第一脚和第三脚，所述第三压控电流源的一个控制端与所述第三信号基准的正极相连，另一个控制端连接到所述第三集成电路的第三脚，所述第三信号基准的负极连接到所述第三集成电路的第二脚；
    所述第四集成电路包含第四压控电流源和第四信号基准，所述第四压控电流源包含两个功率端和两个控制端，所述第四压控电流源的两个功率端分别连接到所述第四集成电路的第一脚和第三脚，所述第四压控电流源的一个控制端与所述第四信号基准的正极相连，另一个连接到所述第四集成电路的第三脚，所述第四信号基准的负极连接到所述第四集成电路的第二脚；
    所述LED串的第一端连接到所述整流桥输出的第一端、第二端接所述第一二极管的阳极，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述储能电容的一端连接，所述储能电容的另一端连接到所述第三集成电路的第一脚，所述第三集成电路的第三脚经由第四电阻接地；
    所述第四集成电路第一脚连接到所述LED串的第二端、第三脚经由所述第五电阻连接到所述第三集成电路的第三脚；
    所述第三集成电路和第四集成电路的第二脚均接地；
    所述第二二极管的阳极连接到所述第一二极管和所述储能电容的交汇点，阴极连接到所述LED串的抽头端。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的线性恒流驱动电路，其特征在于：还包括一并联在所述整流桥输出两端的开关电流源，所述开关电流源在所述能量吸收支路和所述LED直通支路中的任意一个导通的时候截止，反之导通。
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