WO2018079809A1 - ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018079809A1 WO2018079809A1 PCT/JP2017/039255 JP2017039255W WO2018079809A1 WO 2018079809 A1 WO2018079809 A1 WO 2018079809A1 JP 2017039255 W JP2017039255 W JP 2017039255W WO 2018079809 A1 WO2018079809 A1 WO 2018079809A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- active material
- electrode active
- composite hydroxide
- lithium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/80—Compounds containing nickel, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing one or more other elements
- C01G53/82—Compounds containing nickel, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/20—Two-dimensional structures
- C01P2002/22—Two-dimensional structures layered hydroxide-type, e.g. of the hydrotalcite-type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/60—Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
- C01P2004/32—Spheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/50—Agglomerated particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
- C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
- C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nickel manganese composite hydroxide and a production method thereof, a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, a production method thereof, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries having high energy density
- a typical example of such a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the negative electrode active material of the lithium ion secondary battery lithium metal, lithium alloy, metal oxide, carbon, or the like is used. These materials are materials capable of removing and inserting lithium.
- lithium-ion secondary batteries using a lithium transition metal composite oxide, particularly a lithium cobalt composite oxide (LiCoO 2 ), which is relatively easy to synthesize, as a positive electrode active material can obtain a high voltage of 4 V class, It is expected and put into practical use as a battery having a high energy density.
- lithium cobalt composite oxide (LiCoO 2 ) uses a rare and expensive cobalt compound as a raw material, which causes an increase in battery cost. For this reason, it is desired to use materials other than lithium cobalt composite oxide (LiCoO 2 ) as the positive electrode active material.
- lithium ion secondary batteries As large-sized secondary batteries for power storage and electric vehicles are increasing. . For this reason, reducing the cost of the active material and making it possible to manufacture a cheaper lithium ion secondary battery is expected to have a large ripple effect in a wide range of fields. Therefore, materials newly proposed as positive electrode active materials for lithium ion secondary batteries include lithium manganese composite oxide (LiMn 2 O 4 ) using manganese, which is cheaper than cobalt, and lithium nickel using nickel. A composite oxide (LiNiO 2 ) can be given.
- This lithium manganese composite oxide (LiMn 2 O 4 ) is an effective alternative to lithium cobalt composite oxide (LiCoO 2 ) because the raw material is inexpensive and has excellent thermal stability, particularly safety with respect to ignition.
- LiCoO 2 lithium cobalt composite oxide
- the theoretical capacity is only about half that of lithium cobalt composite oxide (LiCoO 2 )
- it has a drawback that it is difficult to meet the demand for higher capacity of lithium ion secondary batteries that are increasing year by year. .
- self-discharge is intense and the charge / discharge life is also reduced.
- lithium nickel composite oxide LiNiO 2
- lithium cobalt composite oxide LiCoO 2
- a + b + c 1, as a lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide synthesized in a well-balanced composition ratio.
- 0.3 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.6, 0.3 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.6, and 0.1 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.4 have been proposed.
- Patent Document 2 in addition to the nickel-cobalt composite oxide and the lithium compound, 1 includes at least a bismuth compound selected from an aluminum compound having an average primary particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less, a zirconium compound, a bismuth compound, and an antimony compound.
- a method for producing a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery characterized in that lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonate are removed in an acidic aqueous solution after being mixed and fired, and then fired again.
- Patent Document 3 a positive electrode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery obtained by mixing a metal composite hydroxide mainly composed of nickel, whose composition is optimized, with a lithium compound, firing, and then stirring with water.
- a positive electrode active material having a high capacity, excellent cycle characteristics, and a small amount of eluted alkaline components can be obtained.
- the nickel content responsible for the redox reaction of charge / discharge is a material having about 60%, it is difficult to realize a high capacity.
- the positive electrode active material of Patent Document 2 has a problem that the process of re-baking after pickling the fired product is complicated and costly, and there is a problem that the capacity is reduced due to an additive element.
- the positive electrode material of Patent Document 3 is costly due to the addition of a water agitation and drying process, and it is difficult to optimize the washing conditions. If the conditions are outside the optimum conditions, the target capacity cannot be obtained.
- the present invention has a high capacity and a high energy density when used in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and is capable of coexisting with a reduction in the amount of eluted lithium.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a positive electrode active material and a nickel manganese composite hydroxide which is a precursor thereof. Also, a method for producing a nickel manganese composite hydroxide that can be easily produced on an industrial scale, and a method for producing a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the nickel manganese composite hydroxide. The purpose is to provide.
- a plurality of primary particles are composed of secondary particles aggregated with each other.
- the general formula (1): Ni x1 Mn y1 M z1 (OH) 2 + ⁇ (in the formula (1), 0.70 ⁇ x1 ⁇ 0.95, 0.05 ⁇ y1 ⁇ 0.30, x1 + y1 + z1 1.0, and 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.4, where M is Co, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb And at least one element selected from Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, and W.) and a manganese manganese composite hydroxide represented by A nickel manganese composite water having a rich layer, wherein the manganese rich layer is represented by the following general formula (2), and the thickness of the manganese rich layer is 5% or more and 20% or less with respect to the radius of the secondary particles: An oxide is provided.
- the nickel manganese composite hydroxide has a volume average particle size (Mv) of 4 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less in a particle size distribution measured by a laser diffraction scattering method, a cumulative 90 volume% diameter (D90) and a cumulative 10 volume. It is preferable that [(D90 ⁇ D10) / Mv] indicating a particle size variation index calculated by the% diameter (D10) and the volume average particle diameter (Mv) is 0.60 or more.
- the nickel manganese composite hydroxide preferably has a tap density of 1.8 g / cm 3 or more and 3.2 g / cm 3 or less.
- a method for producing the nickel manganese composite hydroxide wherein a first mixed aqueous solution containing at least a nickel salt and a manganese salt is continuously supplied to a reaction aqueous solution, and neutralized crystals.
- a first crystallization step comprising: producing particles of nickel manganese composite hydroxide by depositing; and recovering the particles by overflowing the slurry containing the particles from the reaction vessel;
- a reaction aqueous solution containing particles and a second mixed aqueous solution having a molar ratio similar to the molar ratio of Ni, Mn and M in the manganese-rich layer is neutralized and crystallized to form a manganese-rich layer on the surface of the particles.
- a method for producing a nickel manganese composite hydroxide comprising a second crystallization step to be formed is provided.
- the ammonia concentration of the reaction aqueous solution it is preferable to 5 g / L or more and 25 g / L or less. Further, in the first crystallization step and the second crystallization step, it is preferable to adjust the temperature of the reaction aqueous solution in a range of 35 ° C. or more and 60 ° C. or less. In the second crystallization step, it is preferable to adjust the pH value measured on the basis of the liquid temperature of the reaction aqueous solution at 25 ° C. to a range of 10.0 to 13.0.
- a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a manganese composite oxide, wherein the secondary particles calculated by image analysis have a circularity of 0.95 or more, and a (003) plane crystallite by X-ray diffraction measurement The diameter is 160 nm or more and 300 nm or less, and it is immersed in water. Case, the amount of lithium eluted in water is less than 0.2 wt% based on the entire positive active material, the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is provided.
- the positive electrode active material has a volume average particle size (Mv) of 4 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less in a particle size distribution measured by a laser diffraction scattering method, and has a cumulative 90 volume% diameter (D90) and a cumulative 10 volume% diameter ( [(D90 ⁇ D10) / Mv] indicating a particle size variation index calculated by D10) and the volume average particle size (Mv) is preferably 0.60 or more.
- the cathode active material has a specific surface area is less than 0.20 m 2 / g or more 0.70 m 2 / g.
- the positive electrode active material preferably has a tap density of 2.2 g / cm 3 or more and 3.6 g / cm 3 or less.
- the cumulative 50 volume% diameter (D50) of the lithium nickel manganese composite oxide after firing is the cumulative 50 volume% diameter of the nickel manganese composite hydroxide before firing (D50).
- the value divided by D50) is preferably 1.2 or less.
- a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode containing the positive electrode active material is provided.
- a positive electrode active material having a high capacity and a high energy density, and in which gelation is suppressed in paste preparation at the time of battery electrode plate production, and A nickel manganese composite hydroxide as a precursor is obtained.
- the production method of the present invention can easily produce the above-described positive electrode active material and nickel-manganese composite hydroxide as a precursor thereof on an industrial scale, and can be said to have extremely high industrial value. .
- FIG. 1 is a mimetic diagram showing an example of nickel manganese compound hydroxide of an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for producing the nickel manganese composite hydroxide of the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for producing a positive electrode active material according to the embodiment.
- 4 (A) and 4 (B) are photographs showing an example of the appearance and cross section of the nickel manganese composite hydroxide of Example 1
- FIGS. 4 (C) and 4 (D) are comparative examples. It is a photograph which shows an example of the external appearance and cross section of 1 nickel manganese composite hydroxide.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coin-type battery used for evaluation of battery characteristics.
- the nickel-manganese composite hydroxide, the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and the manufacturing method thereof will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. Further, in the drawings, in order to make each configuration easy to understand, a part of the structure is emphasized or a part of the structure is simplified, and an actual structure, shape, scale, or the like may be different. In the specification, the description “A to B” means “A to B”.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a nickel manganese composite hydroxide 10 (hereinafter also referred to as “composite hydroxide 10”) according to the present embodiment.
- the composite hydroxide 10 includes secondary particles 1 in which a plurality of primary particles are aggregated with each other, and has a manganese-rich layer 2 from the particle surface of the secondary particles to the inside of the particles. A central portion 3 is disposed inside the manganese rich layer 2.
- the composite hydroxide 10 has a multilayer structure in which the composition inside the secondary particles (center part 3) and the composition of the outer peripheral part (manganese rich layer 2) are different, and the inside of the secondary particles (center part 3).
- the composition of the outer peripheral part (manganese rich layer 2) has a higher Mn ratio than the composition of.
- the said Formula (1) shows the composition of the composite hydroxide 10 whole.
- x indicating the nickel content is 0.7 or more and 0.95 or less.
- the composition ratio (Ni: Mn: M) of the entire composite hydroxide 10 is maintained even in the obtained positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode active material obtained using the composite hydroxide 10 having such a composition as a precursor is used in a secondary battery, a high capacity can be realized.
- the composition ratio of the composite hydroxide 10 is adjusted to be the same as the composition ratio required for the positive electrode active material to be obtained.
- z indicating the content of M is 0 or more and 0.25 or less.
- Mn / Ni ratio of the composite hydroxide 10 as a whole is about 0.05 to 0.42, and may be 0.35 or less from the viewpoint of obtaining a high battery capacity. It may be.
- ⁇ is a coefficient that changes according to the valence of the metal element contained in the composite hydroxide 10.
- lithium nickel manganese composite oxide As the positive electrode active material has a high Ni content (that is, Mn / Ni is high). It is known that although the capacity is increased and the performance is improved, when the Ni content is high, the alkalinity increases and gelation is likely to occur during the adjustment of the positive electrode mixture paste. Further, as described in Patent Document 3, lithium eluted from the positive electrode active material is considered to be a cause of gelation of the positive electrode mixture paste, and particularly in a lithium composite oxide having a high Ni content. In some cases, a step of adjusting the amount of eluted lithium is necessary.
- the amount of lithium eluted refers to the amount of lithium that can be eluted in the water present in the lithium composite oxide, and the unreacted lithium compound in the lithium composite oxide and the excess lithium in the crystal of the lithium composite oxide. This refers to the amount of surplus lithium derived from the above.
- the present inventors i) the degree of sintering during firing is related to the Mn / Ni ratio, and when the Mn / Ni ratio is low, the degree of sintering increases. Conversely, when the Mn / Ni ratio is high, the degree of sintering decreases, and ii) the amount of eluted lithium is related to the firing temperature, and when the firing temperature is high, the amount of eluted lithium decreases.
- the Mn / Ni ratio of the entire nickel manganese composite hydroxide is low (that is, the Ni content is reduced).
- the composite hydroxide 10 of the present embodiment has a multilayer structure in which the composition of the central portion 3 and the composition of the manganese rich layer 2 in the outer peripheral portion are different, and the composition of the manganese rich layer 2 is higher than the composition of the central portion 3.
- the content ratio of Mn / Ni is adjusted to be higher. Therefore, the composite hydroxide 10 has a higher capacity and a higher energy density by adjusting the firing temperature and reducing the amount of eluted lithium while suppressing sintering in an appropriate range.
- the positive electrode active material which can suppress gelatinization of positive electrode compound-material paste can be obtained.
- the firing temperature can be, for example, 800 ° C. or higher.
- the composite hydroxide 10 has a high Ni ratio in the composition of the secondary particles as a whole. Therefore, the positive electrode active material using the composite hydroxide 10 as a precursor is A high-capacity secondary battery can be manufactured.
- the manganese rich layer 2 is represented by the following general formula (2).
- the manganese rich layer 2 may contain Mn alone as a metal, for example.
- the manganese rich layer 2 may include at least one of Ni and M as a metal other than Mn.
- y / (x + z) ⁇ 0.6 is satisfied, and the manganese-rich layer 2 contains Mn 0.6 times or more with respect to the total (mole) of Ni and M.
- x2 indicating the nickel content in the above formula (2) is preferably 0.2 or more from the viewpoint of obtaining a higher battery capacity, 0.35 The above is preferable, and 0.4 or more is more preferable.
- z2 indicating the content of the element M is a value that can be appropriately adjusted according to desired battery characteristics, but is 0 or more and 0.4 or less, and 0.3 or less. It may be 0.2 or less.
- the composition of the manganese-rich layer 2 satisfies the above formula (2), excessive sintering when the firing temperature is increased can be suppressed in the production process of the lithium composite oxide, and the amount of eluted lithium can be reduced. Can do.
- the obtained lithium composite oxide has a high degree of circularity, and can have a high filling property and a high energy density.
- the composition of the manganese rich layer 2 can be determined by, for example, quantitative analysis of energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) in cross-sectional observation with a scanning electron microscope.
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray analysis
- the composition of the manganese rich layer 2 is adjusted to a desired range by controlling the composition of the metal component of the second mixed aqueous solution in the second crystallization step (step S2), for example, as will be described later. it can.
- the thickness t of the manganese rich layer 2 is 5% or more and 20%, preferably 5% or more and 15% or less, with respect to the radius r of the secondary particle 1, and is 5.5% or more and 10% or less. It is more preferable. By adjusting the thickness t of the manganese rich layer 2 within the above range, sintering when the firing temperature is increased can be suppressed.
- the thickness t of the manganese-rich layer 2 is calculated in the particle size distribution measured by the laser diffraction scattering method when the cross section of the secondary particles is observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 1000 times, for example. 20 secondary particles having a volume average particle size of 80% to 120% are arbitrarily selected with respect to the volume average particle size (Mv), and the ratio of the thickness of the manganese-rich layer 2 to each secondary particle radius r ( %) Average value.
- the number of layers of the manganese rich layer 2 is not particularly limited, and may be a single layer or a plurality of layers as shown in FIG.
- the thickness t of the manganese rich layer 2 refers to the total thickness of the plurality of layers.
- the particle size of the composite hydroxide 10 is not particularly limited and can be in a desired range.
- the composite hydroxide 10 preferably has a volume average particle size (Mv) of 5 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 6 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less. preferable.
- Mv volume average particle size
- the volume average particle size (Mv) is less than 5 ⁇ m, the filling property of the obtained lithium composite oxide is greatly reduced, and it may be difficult to increase the battery capacity per volume when used as a positive electrode active material.
- volume average particle size (Mv) exceeds 20 ⁇ m, the filling property is not greatly deteriorated, but the specific surface area is decreased, so the reactivity with the lithium raw material when making the positive electrode active material is decreased, and the high battery characteristics are obtained. A positive electrode active material having no can be obtained.
- the volume average particle size (Mv) is too large, the obtained positive electrode active material is deteriorated in cycle characteristics and the interface with the electrolytic solution is decreased, so that the resistance of the positive electrode is increased and the output characteristics of the battery are decreased.
- the volume average particle size (Mv) can be measured using a laser light diffraction / scattering particle size analyzer.
- the composite hydroxide 10 preferably has an index [D90-D10) / average particle diameter] indicating the spread of the particle size distribution of 0.60 or more, may be 0.7 or more, and may be 0.8 It may be the above.
- [D90-D10) / average particle diameter] of the composite hydroxide 10 is in the above range, the particle packing property is improved, and when the composite hydroxide 10 is used as a precursor of the positive electrode active material, the two obtained The volume energy density of the positive electrode active material of the secondary battery can be made higher.
- [D90-D10) / average particle diameter] falls within the above range by, for example, mixing composite hydroxides having different particle diameters or producing composite hydroxides using a continuous crystallization method. Can be adjusted. As will be described later, when the composite hydroxide 10 (particularly, the central portion 3) is formed by using a continuous crystallization method, the above range can be easily adjusted. From the viewpoint of suppressing the excessive mixing of fine particles or coarse particles into the composite hydroxide 10, the upper limit of [D90-D10) / average particle size] is preferably 1.2 or less.
- d10 is the number of particles in each particle size accumulated from the smaller particle size side, and the accumulated volume is 10% of the total volume of all particles.
- % Means the particle size.
- D90 means the particle size in which the number of particles is similarly accumulated and the accumulated volume is 90% of the total volume of all particles.
- the average particle diameter, D90, and D10 can be obtained from the volume integrated value measured with a laser light diffraction / scattering particle size analyzer.
- a volume average particle size (Mv) is used as the average particle size.
- the volume average particle size (Mv), D90 and D10 can be measured using a laser light diffraction / scattering particle size analyzer.
- the composite hydroxide 10 is composed of secondary particles formed by agglomerating a plurality of primary particles.
- the primary particles that have not been aggregated as secondary particles, or dropped from the secondary particles after aggregation.
- a small amount of single primary particles such as primary particles may be included.
- the composite hydroxide 10 preferably has a tap density of 1.8 g / cm 3 or more and 3.2 g / cm 3 or less.
- the tap density can be adjusted to the above range by adjusting the particle size distribution including the average particle size of the composite hydroxide 10.
- the method for producing the nickel manganese composite hydroxide of the present embodiment includes the composition of the secondary particle interior 3 and the composition of the manganese rich layer 2 (outer peripheral portion) as described above. Any production method may be used as long as the composite hydroxide 10 having different multilayer structures can be produced.
- a method for producing the composite hydroxide 10 for example, 1) a method of forming a manganese hydroxide layer 2 by crystallization after forming composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3) by continuous crystallization, 2) A method of sequentially producing composite hydroxide particles (center part 3) and a manganese-rich layer 2 by a two-stage batch crystallization method, 3) a composite water by spray drying method, spray pyrolysis method, etc. After forming oxide particles (center part 3), a method of forming a manganese-rich layer 2 by crystallization, 4) by batch-type crystallization method, continuous crystallization method, spray drying method, spray pyrolysis method, etc. There is a method in which the manganese-rich layer 2 is mechanically coated after the composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3) are formed.
- the continuous crystallization method is a method in which composite hydroxide particles are generated while supplying a neutralizing agent while continuously supplying a mixed aqueous solution containing a metal salt to control pH. This is a crystallization method in which oxide particles are recovered by overflow.
- the continuous crystallization method can easily obtain particles having a wide particle size distribution and can easily obtain secondary particles having a high packing property, as compared with the batch crystallization method. Further, the continuous crystallization method is suitable for mass production and is an industrially advantageous production method.
- the filling property (tap density) of the resulting composite hydroxide 10 is further improved.
- the composite hydroxide 10 having a higher packing density and a higher energy density can be produced easily and in large quantities.
- an example of the manufacturing method using the manufacturing method 1) will be described.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for producing the composite hydroxide 10.
- FIG. 1 is referred to as appropriate.
- nickel manganese composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3) are formed by a continuous crystallization method, and the generated particles (center portion 3) are collected (step S1).
- the recovered particles and a second mixed aqueous solution having a molar ratio similar to the molar ratio of Ni, Mn and M in the manganese rich layer are mixed and neutralized to form a manganese rich layer 2.
- Step S2 Hereinafter, each step will be described.
- (1) First crystallization step In the first crystallization step, first, a first mixed aqueous solution containing at least a nickel salt and a manganese salt is continuously supplied to the reaction aqueous solution, and neutralized and crystallized to obtain nickel. Produces particles of manganese composite hydroxide. In the first crystallization step, mainly the central portion 3 of the composite hydroxide 10 is formed. Next, the nickel manganese composite hydroxide particles are recovered by causing the slurry containing the nickel manganese composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3) to overflow from the reaction vessel.
- a neutralizing agent for example, an alkali solution or the like
- a complexing agent may optionally be added.
- first mixed aqueous solution an aqueous solution in which at least a nickel salt and a manganese salt are dissolved can be used. Furthermore, the first mixed aqueous solution contains at least one element selected from Co, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, and W (hereinafter referred to as “element M”). Or an aqueous solution in which a nickel salt, a manganese salt, and a salt containing M are dissolved may be used. As a salt containing nickel salt, manganese salt, and element M, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfate, nitrate, and chloride can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use a sulfate from the viewpoint of cost and waste liquid treatment.
- the concentration of the first mixed aqueous solution is preferably 1.0 mol / L or more and 2.4 mol / L or less, and 1.2 mol / L or more and 2.2 mol / L or less in total of the dissolved metal salts. Is more preferable.
- concentration of the first mixed aqueous solution is less than 1.0 mol / L in the total of dissolved metal salts, the concentration is too low, and the primary particles constituting the composite hydroxide may not grow sufficiently.
- the concentration of the first mixed aqueous solution exceeds 2.4 mol / L, the saturated concentration at room temperature is exceeded, so that crystals may re-deposit and clog piping.
- concentration of 1st mixed aqueous solution is too high, the amount of nucleation of a primary particle may increase, and there exists a possibility that the ratio of the microparticles
- the composition of the metal element contained in the first mixed aqueous solution coincides with the composition of the metal element contained in the obtained composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3). Therefore, the composition of the metal element in the mixed aqueous solution can be adjusted so as to be the same as the composition of the metal element in the center portion 3 of the target composite hydroxide 10.
- the composition of the metal element in the central portion 3 is a range in which the composite hydroxide 10 represented by the above formula (1) can be obtained when the manganese-rich layer represented by the above formula (2) is finally provided. If it is, it will not be specifically limited.
- the neutralization of the first mixed aqueous solution can be performed by adding a neutralizing agent.
- a neutralizing agent an alkaline solution can be used.
- an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide can be used.
- sodium hydroxide aqueous solution it is preferable to use sodium hydroxide aqueous solution from a viewpoint of cost or the ease of handling.
- the alkali metal hydroxide may be directly added to the reaction aqueous solution to neutralize it, but it is preferable to add it as an aqueous solution because of easy pH control.
- the concentration of the alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution is preferably 12% by mass to 30% by mass, and more preferably 20% by mass to 30% by mass.
- concentration of the alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution is less than 12% by mass, the amount supplied to the reaction vessel increases and the particles may not grow sufficiently.
- concentration of the alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution exceeds 30% by mass, the pH value is locally increased at the addition position of the alkali metal hydroxide, and fine particles may be generated.
- the complexing agent is not particularly limited as long as it can form a complex by binding with a metal element such as nickel ion or manganese ion in an aqueous solution.
- the complexing agent includes an ammonium ion supplier. Can be mentioned. Although it does not specifically limit as an ammonium ion supply body, For example, at least 1 sort (s) chosen from the group which consists of ammonia water, ammonium sulfate aqueous solution, and ammonium chloride aqueous solution can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use ammonia water from the viewpoint of ease of handling.
- the concentration of ammonium ions is preferably in the range of 5 g / L to 25 g / L.
- the pH value of the reaction aqueous solution is controlled to be in the range of 11.0 to 13.0, preferably 12.0 to 13.0, based on the liquid temperature of 25 ° C.
- the pH value exceeds 13.0, the growth rate of primary particles is high and nucleation is likely to occur, so that the obtained secondary particles are likely to be particles having a small particle size and poor sphericalness.
- the pH value is less than 11.0, the formation rate of the composite hydroxide is remarkably slow, nickel remains in the filtrate, and the composition of the resulting composite hydroxide particles (center part 3) is the target. May deviate significantly from the value.
- the particle size of the composite hydroxide 10 can be controlled to a desired range mainly by appropriately adjusting the particle size of the central portion 3.
- the particle size of the central portion 3 can be controlled to a desired range by appropriately adjusting the pH value in the first crystallization step (continuous crystallization step) within the above range, for example.
- the oxygen concentration in the reaction vessel space is preferably 10% by volume or less, more preferably from the viewpoint of stably producing primary particles and secondary particles by suppressing oxidation of manganese and the like. May be controlled to 5% by volume or less, more preferably 3% by volume or less.
- the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere can be adjusted using, for example, an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.
- a means for adjusting the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere to be a predetermined concentration for example, a constant amount of atmospheric gas is always circulated in the atmosphere.
- the temperature of the aqueous solution (reaction aqueous solution) in the reaction vessel is preferably in the range of 35 ° C. or higher and 60 ° C. or lower, and more preferably in the range of 40 ° C. or higher and 55 ° C. or lower. .
- the temperature of the reaction aqueous solution exceeds 60 ° C., the priority of nucleation is higher than the particle growth in the reaction aqueous solution in the reaction vessel, and the shape of the primary particles constituting the composite hydroxide 10 (mainly the central portion 3). Tends to be too fine. When such a composite hydroxide 10 is used, there is a problem that the filling property of the obtained positive electrode active material is lowered.
- the composite hydroxide 10 (mainly the central portion 3) is formed.
- the shape of primary particles and secondary particles tends to be coarse.
- the composite hydroxide 10 having such coarse secondary particles is used as a precursor of the positive electrode active material, a positive electrode active material containing very large coarse particles that cause unevenness during electrode production is formed. Sometimes.
- Second crystallization step In the second crystallization step, Ni and Mn in the manganese rich layer 2 containing the composite hydroxide particles (center part 3) recovered above and at least a manganese salt. And a second mixed aqueous solution having a molar ratio similar to the molar ratio of M is neutralized and crystallized to form the manganese-rich layer 2 on the surface of the composite hydroxide particles (central portion 3). Form.
- the recovered composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3) are transferred to different reaction tanks, and the composite hydroxide is obtained.
- a second mixed aqueous solution containing at least manganese (Mn) and a neutralizing agent for example, an alkaline solution
- the manganese-rich layer 2 is crystallized on the surface of the composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3) by controlling the pH.
- a complexing agent may optionally be added.
- aqueous solution containing at least a manganese salt can be used as the second mixed aqueous solution.
- the second mixed aqueous solution may contain a nickel salt, a salt of the element M, or an aqueous solution in which a nickel salt, a manganese salt and a salt containing M are dissolved.
- a salt containing nickel salt, manganese salt and M for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfate, nitrate, and chloride can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use a sulfate from the viewpoint of cost and waste liquid treatment.
- the concentration of the second mixed aqueous solution is preferably 1.0 mol / L or more and 2.4 mol / L or less, and 1.2 mol / L or more and 2.2 mol / L or less in total of the dissolved metal salts. Is more preferable.
- concentration of the second mixed aqueous solution is less than 1.0 mol / L in total of the dissolved metal salts, the concentration is too low, so that the manganese rich layer 2 is sufficiently formed on the surface of the composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3). May not grow.
- the concentration of the second mixed aqueous solution exceeds 2.4 mol / L, the concentration exceeds the saturation concentration at room temperature, so that there is a risk that the crystals reprecipitate and clog the piping.
- the nucleation amount of the primary particles increases, and the manganese-rich layer 2 may not grow sufficiently on the surface of the composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3).
- the composition of the metal element contained in the second mixed aqueous solution coincides with the composition of the metal element contained in the resulting manganese-rich layer.
- the composition of the metal element of the second mixed aqueous solution can be adjusted so as to be the same as the composition of the metal element of the target manganese-rich layer 2 (molar ratio of Ni, Mn, and M).
- the content ratio of the metal element in the second mixed solution includes Mn alone, or the content (mol) of Mn is 0.6 times or more with respect to Ni and M and the total amount (mol). is there.
- the neutralization of the second mixed aqueous solution can be performed by adding a neutralizing agent.
- a neutralizing agent an alkaline solution can be used.
- an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide can be used.
- sodium hydroxide aqueous solution it is preferable to use sodium hydroxide aqueous solution from a viewpoint of cost or the ease of handling.
- the alkali metal hydroxide may be directly added to the reaction aqueous solution to neutralize it, but it is preferable to add it as an aqueous solution because of easy pH control.
- the concentration of the alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution is preferably 12% by mass to 30% by mass, and more preferably 20% by mass to 30% by mass.
- concentration of the alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution is less than 12% by mass, the amount supplied to the reaction tank increases, and the particles may not grow sufficiently.
- concentration of the alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution exceeds 30% by mass, the pH value is locally increased at the addition position of the alkali metal hydroxide, and fine particles may be generated.
- the complexing agent is not particularly limited as long as it can form a complex by binding with a metal element such as nickel ion or manganese ion in an aqueous solution.
- the complexing agent includes an ammonium ion supplier. Can be mentioned. Although it does not specifically limit as an ammonium ion supply body, For example, at least 1 sort (s) chosen from the group which consists of ammonia water, ammonium sulfate aqueous solution, and ammonium chloride aqueous solution can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use ammonia water from the viewpoint of ease of handling.
- the concentration of ammonium ions is preferably in the range of 5 g / L to 25 g / L.
- the pH value of the reaction aqueous solution ranges from 10.0 to 13.0, preferably from 11.0 to 12.0, based on the liquid temperature of 25 ° C. Control to be.
- the pH value exceeds 13.0, nucleation is likely to occur, so that the manganese-rich layer 2 is not easily formed on the surface of the composite hydroxide particles (center portion 3).
- the pH value is less than 10.0, the production rate of the manganese rich layer 2 is remarkably slow, nickel or the like remains in the filtrate, and the composition of the manganese rich layer 2 may deviate greatly from the target value.
- the thickness t of the manganese rich layer 2 can be controlled by the supply amount of the metal element in the second crystallization step, the supply amount of the second mixed aqueous solution is appropriately set so that the manganese rich layer 2 has a desired thickness. Adjust it. At this time, the composition (overall) of the finally obtained composite hydroxide 10 changes according to the supply amount of the second mixed aqueous solution. Therefore, in order to increase the thickness of the manganese-rich layer 2 with the same composition (whole), the Mn content of the second mixed aqueous solution supplied in the second crystallization step (crystallization coating step) is set. What is necessary is just to increase supply_amount
- the Mn content of the second mixed aqueous solution supplied in the second crystallization step Is adjusted to a higher value, and the supply amount of the second mixed aqueous solution may be reduced.
- the oxygen concentration in the reaction vessel space is preferably 10% by volume or less, more preferably 5%. It can be controlled to not more than volume%, more preferably not more than 3 volume%.
- the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere can be adjusted by the same method as in the first crystallization step.
- the temperature of the reaction aqueous solution is preferably in the range of 35 ° C. or more and 60 ° C. or less, more preferably in the range of 40 ° C. or more and 55 ° C. or less, as in the first crystallization step.
- the temperature of the reaction aqueous solution exceeds 60 ° C., the priority of nucleation is higher than the particle growth in the reaction aqueous solution in the reaction vessel, and the shape of the primary particles constituting the manganese rich layer 2 tends to be too fine.
- the temperature of the reaction aqueous solution is lower than 35 ° C., the particle growth tends to be preferential over the nucleation in the reaction aqueous solution. Therefore, the primary particles and the secondary particles constituting the double manganese rich layer 2 The shape tends to be coarse.
- the manufacturing method of the present embodiment may include a cleaning step after the second crystallization step.
- the cleaning step is a step of cleaning impurities contained in the composite hydroxide 10 obtained in the second crystallization step. It is preferable to use pure water as the cleaning solution.
- the amount of the cleaning solution is preferably 1 L or more with respect to 300 g of the composite hydroxide 10. When the amount of the cleaning solution is less than 1 L with respect to 300 g of the composite hydroxide 10, the cleaning becomes insufficient, and impurities may remain in the composite hydroxide 10.
- a cleaning solution such as pure water may be passed through a filter such as a filter press.
- sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or the like it is preferable to use sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or the like as the washing solution.
- the lithium metal composite oxide has a hexagonal layered structure.
- x3 indicating the Ni content is 0.70 or more and 0.95 or less.
- the secondary battery using the lithium metal composite oxide as the positive electrode active material has a high battery capacity.
- (1 + t) indicating the Li content is 0.95 to 1.50, preferably 0.95 to 1.20.
- y3 indicating the Mn content is 0.05 or more and 0.30 or less.
- the positive electrode active material of the present embodiment is produced by using the composite hydroxide 10 having a manganese-rich layer as a precursor, as compared with a conventional positive electrode active material containing the same amount of Mn as described later.
- the circularity is high, and the filling property and energy density can be excellent.
- M is at least one element selected from Co, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, and W.
- Z3 which shows quantity can be 0 or more and 0.25 or less.
- M contains Co, it is excellent in output characteristics and cycle characteristics.
- ⁇ is a coefficient that varies depending on the valence of the metal element other than lithium contained in the lithium metal composite oxide and the atomic ratio of lithium to the metal element other than lithium.
- the composition ratio of Ni, Mn, and element M of the positive electrode active material can be adjusted to the above range by adjusting the composition ratio of the composite oxide 10 as described above.
- the positive electrode active material has a secondary particle circularity of 0.95 or more calculated by image analysis.
- the circularity is in the above range, the secondary particles are less sintered and agglomerated and show a high tap density, so that the filling property is improved and a secondary battery having a high energy density can be obtained.
- the upper limit of circularity is not specifically limited, it is less than 1.00.
- the circularity of the positive electrode active material is adjusted to the above range by firing at the firing temperature described later using the composite hydroxide 10 having the manganese-rich layer represented by the above formula (2) as a precursor. Can do.
- the circularity was calculated using a flow particle image analyzer (FPIA-3000 manufactured by Sysmex).
- FPIA-3000 manufactured by Sysmex
- a small amount of a sample is added to an aqueous or non-aqueous solution and introduced into the device as a suspension, whereby the secondary particle image in the suspension is continuously photographed and analyzed. It is possible.
- the positive electrode active material has a (003) plane crystallite diameter of 160 nm to 300 nm, preferably 160 nm to 200 nm, as measured by X-ray diffraction. When the crystallite diameter is in the above range, the positive electrode active material has high crystallinity and excellent battery capacity and output characteristics.
- the crystallite size of the positive electrode active material of the present embodiment falls within the above range as manganese in the manganese-rich layer of the composite hydroxide 10 gradually diffuses into the particles in the firing step (step S4) described later. Adjusted.
- the positive electrode active material has an amount of lithium eluted in water (elution Li amount) of 0.2% by mass or less with respect to the whole positive electrode active material.
- elution Li amount an amount of lithium eluted in water
- the Li elution amount is in the above range, the crosslinking of the binder and the like can be suppressed during the preparation of the positive electrode mixture paste, and the gelation of the paste can be prevented.
- the amount of dissolved Li can be adjusted to the above range by firing a lithium mixture containing the composite hydroxide 10 having a manganese-rich layer on the surface at a high temperature (for example, 800 ° C. or higher).
- the minimum of elution Li is 0.0005 mass% or more, for example.
- the amount of eluted Li may be such that gelation can be suppressed when adjusting the desired positive electrode mixture paste, and may be 0.01% by mass or more and 0.15% by mass depending on conditions. 0.05 mass% or more and 0.12 mass% or less may be sufficient.
- the amount of Li dissolved was 20 g of the obtained positive electrode active material, poured into 100 cc of pure water at 25 ° C., immersed and stirred for 30 minutes, and then allowed to stand for 10 minutes. Can be measured by performing neutralization titration with an aqueous HCl solution.
- the positive electrode active material has a volume average particle size (Mv) of 4 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less in a particle size distribution measured by a laser diffraction scattering method. Further, the positive electrode active material has a particle size variation index calculated by a cumulative 90 volume% diameter (D90), a cumulative 10 volume% diameter (D10), and a volume average particle diameter (Mv) [(D90 ⁇ D10) / Mv] is preferably 0.60 or more. When the variation index is in the above range, the positive electrode active material has a high energy density because the filling property is good and the tap density is high. From the viewpoint of suppressing excessive mixing of fine particles or coarse particles into the positive electrode active material, the upper limit of [D90-D10) / average particle size] is preferably 1.2 or less.
- the positive electrode active material has a specific surface area is preferably at most 0.20 m 2 / g or more 0.70 m 2 / g, and more preferably 0.30 m 2 / g or more 0.50m 2 / g or less.
- the specific surface area is less than 0.20 m 2 / g, the contact area between the positive electrode active material and the electrolytic solution becomes small, and the output characteristics deteriorate.
- the specific surface area exceeds 0.70 m 2 / g, the weather resistance deteriorates due to an increase in the contact area with moisture in the air, and gelation tends to occur during paste preparation.
- the tap density of the positive electrode active material is preferably 2.2 g / cm 3 or more and 3.6 g / cm 3 or less, and more preferably 2.3 g / cm 3 or more and 3.6 g / cm 3 or less.
- the positive electrode active material has both excellent battery capacity and filling properties, and the energy density of the battery can be further improved.
- the positive electrode active material is composed of secondary particles formed by aggregation of a plurality of primary particles. For example, primary particles that have not been aggregated as secondary particles, or primary particles that have fallen from secondary particles after aggregation. A small amount of single primary particles, such as particles, may be included.
- the positive electrode active material may include a lithium metal composite oxide other than the lithium metal composite oxide according to the present embodiment as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for producing a positive electrode active material according to the present embodiment.
- the manufacturing method of the positive electrode active material includes mixing a nickel manganese composite hydroxide 10 (composite hydroxide 10) and a lithium compound to form a lithium mixture (step S3), and subjecting the lithium mixture to an oxidizing atmosphere. And firing at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher and 950 ° C. or lower to obtain a lithium nickel manganese composite oxide (step S4).
- step S3 nickel manganese composite hydroxide 10
- step S3 lithium compound to form a lithium mixture
- step S4 a lithium nickel manganese composite oxide
- the composite hydroxide 10 and the lithium compound are mixed to form a lithium mixture (step S3).
- the lithium compound is not particularly limited, and a known lithium compound can be used.
- lithium hydroxide, lithium nitrate, lithium carbonate, or a mixture thereof is preferably used from the viewpoint of easy availability. .
- lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate is more preferable from the viewpoint of easy handling and quality stability.
- the composite hydroxide 10 may be oxidized and roasted before the mixing step so that at least a part or all of the composite hydroxide 10 is in the form of a nickel manganese composite oxide and then mixed.
- the oxidation roasting may be performed by a known method, for example, heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere.
- the temperature of the heat treatment may be a temperature at which it is converted into a composite oxide, and can be 350 ° C. or higher and 750 ° C. or lower.
- the heat treatment time is usually about 1 to 12 hours.
- the composite hydroxide 10 and the lithium compound are the number of atoms of metals other than lithium in the lithium mixture, that is, the sum of the number of atoms of nickel, manganese and element (M) (Me), and the number of lithium atoms (Li). And the ratio (Li / Me) is 0.95 or more and 1.50 or less, preferably 0.95 or more and 1.20 or less. Since Li / Me does not change before and after firing, the Li / Me ratio to be mixed in this mixing step becomes the Li / Me ratio in the positive electrode active material. Therefore, Li / Me in the lithium mixture is in the positive electrode active material to be obtained. Mixed to be the same as Li / Me.
- a general mixer can be used for mixing, and a shaker mixer, a Laedige mixer, a Julia mixer, a V blender, and the like can be used. What is necessary is just to be mixed.
- the lithium mixture is fired to obtain a lithium nickel manganese composite oxide (step S4).
- the composite hydroxide 10 having the manganese-rich layer 2 and the lithium compound are mixed and fired at a relatively high temperature (for example, 800 ° C. or more and 950 ° C. or less).
- the degree of sintering of secondary particles of the composite hydroxide 10 during firing is related to the Mn / Ni ratio, and the degree of sintering increases when the Mn / Ni ratio is low (that is, the Ni content ratio is high). Conversely, when the Mn / Ni ratio is high (that is, the Mn content is high), the degree of sintering decreases.
- the amount of eluted lithium is related to the firing temperature.
- the firing temperature is high, the amount of eluted lithium decreases, and when the firing temperature is low, the amount of eluted lithium increases. Therefore, by calcining the composite hydroxide having the manganese-rich layer 2 on the surface and the lithium compound at a high temperature, the amount of eluted lithium can be reduced while suppressing the sintering of the secondary particles.
- the elements in the manganese rich layer 2 can be diffused, and the composition of the positive electrode active material after firing can be made uniform.
- the composition of the positive electrode active material after firing may have a partially non-uniform portion derived from the manganese-rich layer 2.
- the composition of the central part and the surface layer part of the secondary particles is analyzed by EDX analysis of a scanning transmission electron microscope (S-TEM) of the secondary particle cross section. This can be confirmed.
- the surface layer portion is a portion corresponding to the manganese rich layer 2 in the composite hydroxide 10, and the inside is the center portion than the surface layer portion. From the composition ratio (manganese concentration ratio) of the surface layer portion with respect to the center portion obtained by EDX analysis, the composition uniformity of the lithium metal composite oxide can be evaluated.
- the manganese concentration ratio (manganese concentration in the surface layer portion / manganese concentration in the central portion) is preferably in the range of 0.9 or more and 1.2 or less from the viewpoint of reducing reaction resistance.
- the manganese concentration ratio can be measured by analyzing the EDX analysis value from the surface of the secondary particles up to 5% of the radius from the surface of the secondary particle as the surface layer portion and the inside as the center portion from the viewpoint of confirming the uniformity of the composition. In the measurement, it is preferable to analyze a plurality of locations so that the average composition of the center portion and the surface layer portion of the secondary particles can be obtained, and it is preferable to analyze and average each of three or more points.
- the measurement is performed by arbitrarily selecting 20 secondary particles having a volume average particle size of 80% to 120% with respect to the volume average particle size (Mv) calculated in the particle size distribution measured by the laser diffraction scattering method. And it is preferable to obtain
- Calcination is performed at 800 ° C. or higher and 950 ° C. or lower in an oxidizing atmosphere.
- the calcination temperature is less than 800 ° C.
- the diffusion of lithium does not proceed sufficiently, surplus lithium remains, and the amount of eluted lithium may increase.
- the firing temperature was less than 800 ° C.
- firing was not performed sufficiently, the tap density was lowered, and the uniformity of the composition of nickel, manganese, etc. inside the particles was not sufficiently obtained and used for the battery. In some cases, sufficient characteristics may not be obtained.
- the temperature exceeds 950 ° C. the secondary particles are sintered and the secondary particles are coarsened and the specific surface area is decreased. Therefore, when the obtained positive electrode active material is used for a battery, the resistance of the positive electrode is increased. This causes a problem that the battery capacity decreases.
- baking time is not specifically limited, It is about 1 to 24 hours.
- the rate of temperature rise is, for example, 1 ° C./min or more and 10 ° C. It is preferable to raise the temperature to the above firing temperature in the range of not more than 1 minute. Furthermore, the reaction can be carried out more uniformly by maintaining it at a temperature near the melting point of the lithium compound for about 1 to 10 hours before firing.
- the cumulative 50 volume% diameter (D50) of the lithium composite oxide after firing is the cumulative 50 volume% diameter (D50) of the composite hydroxide 10 before firing.
- the divided value (lithium composite oxide D50 after firing / composite hydroxide D50 before firing) is preferably 1.2 or less.
- the specific surface area decreases due to coarsened secondary particles, and thus when the obtained positive electrode active material is used in a battery, there arises a problem that the resistance of the positive electrode increases and the battery capacity decreases.
- the minimum of lithium complex oxide D50 after baking / complex hydroxide D50 before baking is not specifically limited, For example, 0.80 or more may be sufficient and 0.90 or more may be sufficient.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery An example of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery (hereinafter also referred to as “secondary battery”) of the present embodiment will be described for each component.
- the secondary battery of this embodiment is a secondary battery provided with the positive electrode containing said positive electrode active material.
- the secondary battery may include, for example, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, and may include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte.
- the secondary battery of the present embodiment may be composed of the same components as a general lithium ion secondary battery.
- a secondary battery using a nonaqueous electrolytic solution will be described as an example of the secondary battery of the present embodiment.
- the embodiment described below is merely an example, and the secondary battery can be implemented in various modifications and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, including the following embodiment. Further, the use of the secondary battery is not particularly limited.
- a positive electrode of a secondary battery is manufactured using the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode active material binder
- the conductive material conductive material
- the binder binder
- activated carbon or a solvent for viscosity adjustment is added, and this is kneaded to obtain a positive electrode.
- a composite paste is prepared.
- the mixing ratio of each material in the positive electrode mixture is an element that determines the performance of the lithium secondary battery, it can be adjusted according to the application.
- the mixing ratio of the materials can be the same as that of the positive electrode of a known lithium secondary battery.
- the positive electrode active material is 60%. Up to 95% by mass, 1 to 20% by mass of a conductive material, and 1 to 20% by mass of a binder can be contained.
- the obtained positive electrode mixture paste is applied to, for example, the surface of a current collector made of aluminum foil, and dried to disperse the solvent, thereby producing a sheet-like positive electrode. If necessary, pressurization may be performed by a roll press or the like to increase the electrode density.
- the sheet-like positive electrode thus obtained can be cut into an appropriate size according to the target battery and used for battery production.
- the manufacturing method of the positive electrode is not limited to the above-described examples, and may depend on other methods.
- the conductive material for example, graphite (natural graphite, artificial graphite, expanded graphite and the like), and carbon black materials such as acetylene black and ketjen black can be used.
- binder As the binder (binder), it plays the role of holding the active material particles.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- fluoro rubber ethylene propylene diene rubber
- styrene butadiene cellulose series Resins
- polyacrylic acid can be used.
- a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and activated carbon are dispersed, and a solvent that dissolves the binder is added to the positive electrode mixture.
- a solvent that dissolves the binder is added to the positive electrode mixture.
- an organic solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone can be used as the solvent.
- Activated carbon can be added to the positive electrode mixture in order to increase the electric double layer capacity.
- the negative electrode metallic lithium, a lithium alloy, or the like can be used.
- the negative electrode is prepared by mixing a negative electrode active material capable of occluding and desorbing lithium ions with a binder and adding a suitable solvent to form a paste on the surface of a metal foil current collector such as copper. You may use what was formed by compressing in order to apply
- the negative electrode active material for example, a fired organic compound such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, and phenol resin, and a powdery carbon material such as coke can be used.
- a fluorine-containing resin such as PVDF can be used as the negative electrode binder as in the positive electrode
- an organic material such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone can be used as a solvent for dispersing these active materials and the binder.
- a solvent can be used.
- a separator is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the separator separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode and retains the electrolyte.
- a thin film such as polyethylene or polypropylene and a film having many fine holes can be used.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte The nonaqueous electrolytic solution is obtained by dissolving a lithium salt as a supporting salt in an organic solvent.
- organic solvent include cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate and trifluoropropylene carbonate, chain carbonates such as diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate and dipropyl carbonate, tetrahydrofuran, 2- Use one kind selected from ether compounds such as methyltetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane, sulfur compounds such as ethyl methyl sulfone and butane sultone, phosphorus compounds such as triethyl phosphate and trioctyl phosphate, or a mixture of two or more. Can do.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte solution may contain a radical scavenger, a surfactant, a flame retardant, and the like.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention composed of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator and the non-aqueous electrolyte described above can have various shapes such as a cylindrical shape and a laminated shape.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are laminated via a separator to form an electrode body, and the obtained electrode body is impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte and communicated with the positive electrode current collector and the outside. Connect between the positive electrode terminal and between the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode terminal leading to the outside using a current collecting lead, etc., and seal the battery case to complete the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery. .
- Example 1 [Production of composite hydroxide] (First crystallization process) A predetermined amount of pure water was put into a reaction tank (volume 60 L), the temperature (liquid temperature) in the reaction tank was set to 49 ° C. while stirring, and nitrogen gas was passed through the reaction tank to form a non-oxidizing atmosphere. At this time, the oxygen concentration in the reaction vessel space was 2.0%.
- Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 25% by mass ammonia water as a complexing agent were continuously added simultaneously to the reaction vessel to carry out neutralization crystallization reaction. Under the present circumstances, it adjusted so that the pH value of the reaction liquid in a tank might be set to 12.3 on the basis of liquid temperature 25 degreeC.
- the ammonium ion concentration in the reaction vessel was in the range of 12-15 g / L.
- the total flow rate of the mixed solution, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and aqueous ammonia was controlled so that the residence time of the metal salt contained in the mixed aqueous solution was 8 hours.
- a slurry containing nickel cobalt manganese composite hydroxide was recovered from the overflow port.
- the surface and cross-sectional structure of the obtained nickel manganese composite hydroxide were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- 4A and 4B show the surface (FIG. 4A) and the cross-sectional structure (FIG. 4B) of the nickel manganese composite hydroxide obtained. From the results of surface observation, it was confirmed that secondary particles having high spherical properties were obtained.
- the cross section of the secondary particles was observed by SEM at a magnification of 1000 times, and the volume average of 80% to 120% with respect to the volume average particle diameter (Mv) calculated in the particle size distribution measured by the laser diffraction scattering method 20 secondary particles having a particle size were arbitrarily selected.
- the ratio (%) of the thickness of the manganese rich layer to the radius was determined, and the number of each secondary particle measurement was averaged to determine the ratio of the thickness of the manganese rich layer of the nickel manganese composite hydroxide. .
- the thickness of the outer peripheral part (manganese rich layer) was confirmed to be 7.8% of the secondary particle diameter.
- the particle size distribution of the obtained nickel manganese composite hydroxide was measured using a laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution measuring device.
- the volume average particle diameter MV was 10.8 ⁇ m
- [D90-D10) / average particle diameter] was 0.87.
- the tap density of the obtained nickel-manganese composite hydroxide was measured using a tapping device (Seishin Enterprise Co., Ltd., KYT3000), and was calculated from the volume and the sample weight after 500 times of tapping. As a result, the tap density was 2.00 g / cm 3 .
- the composition was Ni 0.70 Co 0.10 Mn 0.20 (OH) 2 . It was confirmed that particles having the aimed composition were obtained.
- Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained nickel manganese composite hydroxide.
- the nickel manganese composite hydroxide is inserted into a magnesia firing vessel, heated to 500 ° C. in an air atmosphere at a flow rate of 12 L / min using a sealed electric furnace, held for 2 hours, and cooled to room temperature. A nickel manganese composite oxide was obtained.
- the shaker mixer apparatus (Willy & Bacofen (WAB)) is strong enough to maintain the shape of the precursor.
- WAB Wood & Bacofen
- the mixture was sufficiently mixed to obtain a lithium mixture (mixing step).
- This lithium mixture was inserted into a magnesia firing vessel, heated to 860 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 3.00 ° C./min in an oxygen atmosphere at a flow rate of 12 L / min, and held for 10 hours.
- the furnace was cooled to room temperature to obtain a lithium metal composite oxide (firing step).
- the surface structure of the obtained positive electrode active material was observed with a scanning electron microscope, it was confirmed that particles having good spherical properties were obtained as in the case of the nickel manganese composite hydroxide.
- the circularity of the obtained positive electrode active material was calculated using a flow particle image analyzer (FPIA-3000 manufactured by Sysmex), the circularity was 0.961.
- the half width of the (003) plane of the obtained positive electrode active material was measured using an X-ray diffractometer (X'Pert PRO manufactured by PANalytical), and Scherrer's calculation was performed from the obtained (003) plane half width.
- X'Pert PRO manufactured by PANalytical
- Scherrer's calculation was performed from the obtained (003) plane half width.
- the particle size distribution of the obtained positive electrode active material was measured in the same manner as the nickel manganese composite hydroxide. It was confirmed that the average particle diameter was 10.5 ⁇ m and [D90-D10) / average particle diameter] was 0.83. Moreover, the value which remove
- the specific surface area of the obtained positive electrode active material was measured by the BET method by nitrogen adsorption. As a result, the specific surface area was 0.35 m 2 / g.
- the tap density of the obtained positive electrode active material was measured in the same manner as the nickel manganese composite hydroxide. As a result, the tap density was 2.48 g / cm 3 .
- the obtained positive electrode active material was dissolved with an inorganic acid and then subjected to chemical analysis by ICP emission spectroscopy.
- the composition was Li 1.03 Ni 0.70 Co 0.10 Mn 0.20 O 2 , It was confirmed that particles with the desired composition were obtained.
- the secondary particle cross section of the obtained positive electrode active material (lithium metal composite oxide) was subjected to EDX analysis using a scanning transmission electron microscope (S-TEM). 20 secondary particles having a volume average particle diameter of 80% to 120% were arbitrarily selected with respect to the volume average particle diameter (Mv) calculated in the particle size distribution measured by the laser diffraction scattering method. From the surface of each selected secondary particle up to 5% of the radius as the surface layer portion, the surface layer portion and the central portion inside the surface layer portion are analyzed by 5 points at each arbitrary point and averaged, and the center in each secondary particle The composition ratio (manganese concentration ratio) of the surface layer part relative to the part was determined. The manganese concentration ratio of each positive particle was obtained by averaging the manganese concentration ratio of each secondary particle. Table 2 shows the characteristics of the obtained positive electrode active material.
- Lithium (Li) metal having a diameter of 17 mm and a thickness of 1 mm is used for the negative electrode NE, and the electrolyte solution is an equal volume mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) using 1M LiClO 4 as a supporting electrolyte ( Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was used.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- 1M LiClO 4 1M LiClO 4 as a supporting electrolyte
- separator SE a polyethylene porous film having a film thickness of 25 ⁇ m was used.
- the coin battery had a gasket GA and a wave washer WW, and was assembled into a coin-type battery with the positive electrode can PC and the negative electrode can NC.
- the initial discharge capacity is left for about 24 hours after the coin-type battery is produced, and after the open circuit voltage OCV (open circuit voltage) is stabilized, the current density with respect to the positive electrode is set to 0.1 mA / cm 2 and the cut-off voltage is 4. It was set as the capacity
- a multi-channel voltage / current generator manufactured by Advantest Corporation, R6741A was used.
- volume energy density (Wh / L) average discharge voltage (V) ⁇ discharge capacity (A / kg) ⁇ tap
- V discharge voltage
- Example 2 The second mixed aqueous solution supplied in the crystallization coating step (second crystallization step) is adjusted so that the molar ratio of nickel: cobalt: manganese is 40:10:50, and the supply amount of the second mixed aqueous solution
- a nickel manganese composite hydroxide (precursor) and a positive electrode active material were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount was 10 L.
- Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained nickel manganese composite hydroxide.
- Table 2 shows the characteristics and electrochemical property evaluation results of the obtained positive electrode active material.
- Example 3 A nickel manganese composite hydroxide and a positive electrode active material were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature in the firing step was 880 ° C.
- Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained nickel manganese composite hydroxide.
- Table 2 shows the characteristics and electrochemical property evaluation results of the obtained positive electrode active material.
- Example 1 Slurry adjusted to have a nickel: cobalt: manganese molar ratio of 70:10:20 in the mixed aqueous solution supplied in the continuous crystallization step, and adjusted to a pH value of 12.0 based on a liquid temperature of 25 ° C.
- a nickel manganese composite hydroxide and a positive electrode active material were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composite hydroxide was obtained by filtering and washing without omitting the crystallization coating step.
- the characteristics of the obtained nickel manganese composite hydroxide are shown in Table 1, and the surface and the cross-sectional structure are shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D.
- Table 2 shows the characteristics and electrochemical property evaluation results of the obtained positive electrode active material.
- Example 2 A nickel manganese composite hydroxide and a positive electrode active material were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature in the firing step was 970 ° C.
- Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained nickel manganese composite hydroxide.
- Table 2 shows the characteristics and electrochemical property evaluation results of the obtained positive electrode active material.
- Example 3 A nickel manganese composite hydroxide and a positive electrode active material were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature in the firing step was 760 ° C.
- Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained nickel manganese composite hydroxide.
- Table 2 shows the characteristics and electrochemical property evaluation results of the obtained positive electrode active material.
- the nickel manganese composite hydroxide of the example has a manganese-rich layer having an appropriate thickness on the outer peripheral portion, and even when the firing temperature is relatively high, sintering between secondary particles hardly occurs during firing,
- the positive electrode active material after firing can achieve both high capacity and a reduced amount of eluted lithium at a high level.
- the positive electrode active material of an Example has high circularity, there is little sintering of secondary particles, it is excellent in particle packing property, and the high volume energy density is obtained.
- Comparative Example 1 since the firing temperature is high, the eluted Li can be reduced to the same level as the Example. However, since the nickel-manganese composite hydroxide does not have a manganese-rich layer, the secondary particles are more likely to sinter during firing than the nickel-manganese composite hydroxide of the examples. The specific surface area is low and the tap density is low. For this reason, the volume energy density is low compared with the Example.
- the firing temperature of the nickel manganese composite hydroxide of Comparative Example 2 is too high, the sintering of the secondary particles proceeds during firing more than the nickel manganese composite hydroxide of the example, and the fired positive electrode active material is The specific surface area is low and the tap density is low. For this reason, the volume energy density is low compared with the Example. Moreover, since the atomic arrangement in the crystal is disturbed because the firing temperature is too high, the initial charge / discharge capacity is lower than in the examples.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
一般式(2):Nix2Mny2Mz2(OH)2+α
(式(2)中、x2+z2=0及びy2=1を満たす、又は、y2/(x2+z2)≧0.6を満たし、0≦z2≦0.40、x2+y2+z2=1.0、かつ、0≦α≦0.4を満たし、Mは、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種の元素である。)
図1は、本実施形態に係るニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物10(以下、「複合水酸化物10」ともいう)の一例を示す模式図である。複合水酸化物10は、複数の一次粒子が互いに凝集した二次粒子1を含み、二次粒子の粒子表面から粒子内部にかけてマンガンリッチ層2を有する。マンガンリッチ層2の内部には、中心部3が配置される。複合水酸化物10は、二次粒子内部(中心部3)の組成と、外周部(マンガンリッチ層2)の組成と、が異なる多層構造となっており、二次粒子内部(中心部3)の組成より外周部(マンガンリッチ層2)の組成の方が、Mnの割合が高い。
複合水酸化物10は、一般式(1):Nix1Mny1Mz1(OH)2+α(Mは、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種以上の元素であり、x1は、0.70≦x1≦0.95、y1は、0.05≦y1≦0.30であり、かつ、x1+y1+z1=1.0を満たし、αは、0≦α≦0.4である。)で表される。なお、上記式(1)は、複合水酸化物10全体の組成を示す。
リチウムニッケルマンガン複合酸化物(以下、「リチウム複合酸化物」ともいう。)を正極活物質として二次電池を製造した場合の放電容量は、Niの含有量が多い(すなわち、Mn/Niが高い)ほど、高容量となり性能が良くなるものの、Niの含有量が高い場合、アルカリ度が高くなり、正極合材ペーストの調整時にゲル化が生じやすいことが知られている。また、特許文献3に記載されるように、正極活物質から溶出するリチウムが、正極合材ペーストのゲル化の一因であるとされおり、特に、Niの含有量が多いリチウム複合酸化物では、溶出リチウム量を調整する工程が必要な場合があった。なお、溶出リチウム量とは、リチウム複合酸化物中に存在する水に溶出可能なリチウムの量をいい、リチウム複合酸化物中の未反応のリチウム化合物及びリチウム複合酸化物の結晶中の過剰なリチウムなどに由来する余剰リチウムの量をいう。
一般式(2):Nix2Mny2Mz2(OH)2+α
(式(2)中、
x2+z2=0及びy2=1を満たす、又は、y2/(x2+z2)≧0.6を満たし、
0≦z2≦0.40、x2+y2+z2=1.0、かつ、0≦α≦0.4を満たし、
Mは、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種の元素である。)
複合水酸化物10の粒径は、特に限定されず、所望の範囲とすることができる。複合水酸化物10を正極活物質の前駆体として用いる場合、複合水酸化物10は、体積平均粒径(Mv)が5μm以上20μm以下であることが好ましく、6μm以上15μm以下であることがより好ましい。体積平均粒径(Mv)が5μm未満の場合、得られるリチウム複合酸化物の充填性が大きく低下し、正極活物質としたときに容積あたりの電池容量を大きくすることが困難なことがある。一方、体積平均粒径(Mv)が20μmを超える場合、充填性は大きく悪化しないものの、比表面積が低下するために正極活物質にする際のリチウム原料との反応性が低下し、高い電池特性をもつ正極活物質が得られない。また、体積平均粒径(Mv)が大きすぎる場合、得られた正極活物質はサイクル特性低下や電解液との界面が減少するために、正極の抵抗が上昇して電池の出力特性が低下することがある。なお、体積平均粒径(Mv)は、レーザー光回折散乱式粒度分析計を用いて測定することができる。
複合水酸化物10は、粒度分布の広がりを示す指標である〔D90-D10)/平均粒径〕が0.60以上であることが好ましく、0.7以上であってもよく、0.8以上であってもよい。複合水酸化物10の〔D90-D10)/平均粒径〕が、上記範囲である場合、粒子充填性が向上し、複合水酸化物10を正極活物質の前駆体として用いる場合、得られる二次電池の正極活物質の体積エネルギー密度をより高いものとすることができる。〔D90-D10)/平均粒径〕は、例えば、異なる粒径を有する複合水酸化物を混合したり、連続晶析法を用いて複合水酸化物を製造したりすることにより、上記範囲に調整することができる。後述するように、連続晶析法を用いて複合水酸化物10(特に、中心部3)を形成する場合、上記範囲に容易に調整することができる。なお、複合水酸化物10への微粒子又は粗大粒子の過度な混入を抑制する観点から、〔D90-D10)/平均粒径〕の上限は、1.2以下であることが好ましい。
複合水酸化物10は、タップ密度が1.8g/cm3以上3.2g/cm3以下であることが好ましい。タップ密度が上記範囲である場合、得られる正極活物質の充填性により優れ、この正極活物質を用いた二次電池の正極活物質の体積エネルギー密度をより高いものとすることができる。なお、タップ密度は、複合水酸化物10の平均粒径を含む粒度分布を調整することにより、上記範囲とすることができる。
本実施形態のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の製造方法は、上述したように二次粒子内部3の組成と、マンガンリッチ層2(外周部)の組成と、が異なる多層構造を有する複合水酸化物10を製造することができれば、いかなる製造方法を用いてもよい。
第1の晶析工程では、まず、少なくともニッケル塩及びマンガン塩を含む第1の混合水溶液を、反応水溶液に連続的に供給し、中和晶析させてニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の粒子を生成する。なお、第1の晶析工程では、主に複合水酸化物10の中心部3が形成される。次いで、ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の粒子(中心部3)を含むスラリーを反応槽からオーバーフローさせることにより、ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の粒子を回収する。
第1の混合水溶液は、少なくともニッケル塩及びマンガン塩を溶解した水溶液を用いることができる。さらに、第1の混合水溶液は、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種以上の元素(以下、「元素M」ともいう。)を含んでもよく、ニッケル塩、マンガン塩及びMを含む塩を溶解した水溶液を用いてもよい。ニッケル塩、マンガン塩及び元素Mを含む塩としては、例えば、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、および塩化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を使用することができる。これらの中でも、コストや廃液処理の観点から、硫酸塩を使用することが好ましい。
第1の混合水溶液の中和は、中和剤を添加することにより行うことができる。中和剤としては、アルカリ溶液を用いることができ、例えば、水酸化ナトリウムや水酸化カリウムなどのアルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液を用いることができる。これらの中でも、コストや取扱いの容易性の観点から、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を使用することが好ましい。なお、アルカリ金属水酸化物を、直接、反応水溶液に添加して中和してもよいが、pH制御の容易さから、水溶液として添加することが好ましい。この場合、アルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液の濃度は、12質量%以上30質量%以下とすることが好ましく、20質量%以上30質量%以下とすることがより好ましい。アルカリ金属水酸化物水溶液の濃度が12質量%未満である場合、反応槽への供給量が増大し、粒子が十分に成長しないおそれがある。一方、アルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液の濃度が30質量%を超える場合、アルカリ金属水酸化物の添加位置で局所的にpH値が高くなり、微粒子が発生するおそれがある。
錯化剤は、特に限定されず、水溶液中でニッケルイオン、マンガンイオンなどの金属元素と結合して錯体を形成可能なものであればよく、例えば、錯化剤としては、アンモニウムイオン供給体が挙げられる。アンモニウムイオン供給体としては、とくに限定されないが、例えば、アンモニア水、硫酸アンモニウム水溶液、および塩化アンモニウム水溶液からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を使用することができる。これらの中でも、取扱いの容易性から、アンモニア水を使用することが好ましい。アンモニウムイオン供給体を用いる場合、アンモニウムイオンの濃度を5g/L以上25g/L以下の範囲とすることが好ましい。
第1の晶析工程においては、反応水溶液のpH値が、液温25℃基準で11.0以上13.0以下、好ましくは12.0以上13.0以下の範囲となるように制御する。pH値が13.0を超える場合、一次粒子の成長速度が速く、核生成が起こりやすくなるため、得られる二次粒子が小粒径かつ球状性の悪い粒子となりやすい。一方、pH値が11.0未満である場合、複合水酸化物の生成速度が著しく遅くなり、濾液中にニッケルが残留し、得られる複合水酸化物の粒子(中心部3)の組成が目標値から大きくずれることがある。
第1の晶析工程においては、マンガン等の酸化を抑制して一次粒子及び二次粒子を安定して生成させる観点から、反応槽内空間の酸素濃度は、好ましくは10容量%以下、より好ましくは5容量%以下、さらに好ましくは3容量%以下に制御してもよい。雰囲気中の酸素濃度は、例えば、窒素、アルゴンなどの不活性ガスを用いて調整することができる。雰囲気中の酸素濃度が所定の濃度となるように調節するための手段としては、例えば、当該雰囲気中に常に一定量の雰囲気ガスを流通させることが挙げられる。
第1の晶析工程においては、反応槽内の水溶液(反応水溶液)の温度は、35℃以上60℃以下の範囲であることが好ましく、40℃以上55℃以下の範囲とすることがより好ましい。反応水溶液の温度が60℃超える場合、反応槽内の反応水溶液中で、粒子成長よりも核生成の優先度が高まり、複合水酸化物10(主に中心部3)を構成する一次粒子の形状が微細になり過ぎやすい。このような複合水酸化物10を用いると、得られる正極活物質の充填性が低くなるという問題がある。一方、反応水溶液の温度が35℃未満の場合、反応水溶液中で、核生成よりも、粒子成長が優先的となる傾向があるため、複合水酸化物10(主に中心部3)を構成する一次粒子及び二次粒子の形状が粗大になりやすい。このような粗大な二次粒子を有する複合水酸化物10を正極活物質の前駆体として用いた場合、電極作製時に凹凸が発生するほどの非常に大きい粗大粒子を含む正極活物質が形成されることがある。さらに、反応水溶液が35℃未満の場合、反応水液中の金属イオンの残存量が高く反応効率が非常に悪いという問題が発生するとともに、不純物元素を多く含む複合水酸化物が生成してしまう問題が生じやすい。
第2の晶析工程では、上記で回収された複合水酸化物の粒子(中心部3)と、少なくともマンガン塩を含み、マンガンリッチ層2中のNi、Mn及びMのモル比と同様のモル比を有する第2の混合水溶液とを含む反応水溶液を、中和晶析させて、複合水酸化物の粒子(中心部3)の表面にマンガンリッチ層2を形成する。
第2の混合水溶液は、少なくともマンガン塩を含む水溶液を用いることができる。さらに、第2の混合水溶液は、ニッケル塩、元素Mの塩を含んでもよく、ニッケル塩、マンガン塩及びMを含む塩を溶解した水溶液を用いてもよい。ニッケル塩およびマンガン塩及びMを含む塩としては、例えば、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、および塩化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を使用することができる。これらの中でも、コストや廃液処理の観点から、硫酸塩を使用することが好ましい。
第2の混合水溶液の中和は、中和剤を添加することにより行うことができる。中和剤としては、アルカリ溶液を用いることができ、例えば、水酸化ナトリウムや水酸化カリウムなどのアルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液を用いることができる。これらの中でも、コストや取扱いの容易性の観点から、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を使用することが好ましい。なお、アルカリ金属水酸化物を、直接、反応水溶液に添加して中和してもよいが、pH制御の容易さから、水溶液として添加することが好ましい。この場合、アルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液の濃度は、12質量%以上30質量%以下とすることが好ましく、20質量%以上30質量%以下とすることがより好ましい。アルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液の濃度が12質量%未満である場合、反応槽への供給量が増大し、粒子が十分に成長しないおそれがある。一方、アルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液の濃度が30質量%を超える場合、アルカリ金属水酸化物の添加位置で局所的にpH値が高くなり、微粒子が発生するおそれがある。
錯化剤は、特に限定されず、水溶液中でニッケルイオン、マンガンイオンなどの金属元素と結合して錯体を形成可能なものであればよく、例えば、錯化剤としては、アンモニウムイオン供給体が挙げられる。アンモニウムイオン供給体としては、とくに限定されないが、例えば、アンモニア水、硫酸アンモニウム水溶液、および塩化アンモニウム水溶液からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を使用することができる。これらの中でも、取扱いの容易性から、アンモニア水を使用することが好ましい。アンモニウムイオン供給体を用いる場合、アンモニウムイオンの濃度を5g/L以上25g/L以下の範囲とすることが好ましい。
第2の晶析工程(晶析コート工程)においては、反応水溶液のpH値が、液温25℃基準で10.0以上13.0以下、好ましくは11.0以上12.0以下の範囲となるように制御する。pH値が13.0を超える場合、核生成が起こりやすくなるため、複合水酸化物の粒子(中心部3)表面にマンガンリッチ層2が形成されにくい。一方、pH値が10.0未満である場合、マンガンリッチ層2の生成速度が著しく遅くなり、濾液中にニッケル等が残留し、マンガンリッチ層2の組成が目標値から大きくずれることがある。
マンガン等の酸化を抑制して、マンガンリッチ層2を構成する一次粒子及び二次粒子を安定して生成させる観点から、反応槽内空間の酸素濃度を好ましくは10容量%以下、より好ましくは5容量%以下、さらに好ましくは3容量%以下に制御することができる。雰囲気中の酸素濃度の調製は、上記第1の晶析工程と同様の方法により行うことができる。
反応水溶液の温度は、上記第1の晶析工程と同様に、35℃以上60℃以下の範囲であることが好ましく、40℃以上55℃以下の範囲とすることがより好ましい。反応水溶液の温度が60℃超える場合、反応槽内の反応水溶液中で、粒子成長よりも核生成の優先度が高まり、マンガンリッチ層2を構成する一次粒子の形状が微細になり過ぎやすい。一方、反応水溶液の温度が35℃未満の場合、反応水溶液中で、核生成よりも、粒子成長が優先的となる傾向があるため、複マンガンリッチ層2を構成する一次粒子及び二次粒子の形状が粗大になりやすい。
また、本実施形態の製造方法は、第2の晶析工程後に、洗浄工程を含んでもよい。洗浄工程は、上記第2の晶析工程で得られた複合水酸化物10に含まれる不純物を洗浄する工程である。洗浄溶液としては、純水を用いることが好ましい。また、洗浄溶液の量は300gの複合水酸化物10に対して、1L以上であることが好ましい。洗浄溶液の量が、300gの複合水酸化物10に対して1Lを下回る場合、洗浄不十分となり、複合水酸化物10中に不純物が残留してしまうことがある。洗浄方法としては、例えば、フィルタープレスなどのろ過機に純水などの洗浄溶液を通液すればよい。複合水酸化物10に残留するSO4をさらに洗浄したい場合は、洗浄溶液として、水酸化ナトリウムや炭酸ナトリウムなどを用いることが好ましい。
本実施形態の正極活物質は、一次粒子が凝集した二次粒子を含み、一般式(3):Li1+tNix3Mny3Mz3O2+β(-0.05≦t≦0.5、0.70≦x3≦0.95、0.05≦y3≦0.30、x3+y3+z3=1.0、かつ、0≦β≦0.5を満たし、Mは、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種以上の元素である。)で表されるリチウムニッケルマンガン複合酸化物(以下、「リチウム金属複合酸化物」ともいう。)で構成される。また、リチウム金属複合酸化物は、六方晶系の層状構造を有する。
E=4πS/L2・・・(式)
(上記式中、Eは、円形度であり、Sは、二次粒子の投影面積であり、Lは、二次粒子の周長であり、πは、円周率である。)
本実施形態の正極活物質の製造方法は、一般式(3):Li1+tNix3Mny3Mz3O2+β(-0.05≦t≦0.5、0.70≦x3≦0.95、0.05≦y3≦0.30、x3+y3+z3=1.0、かつ、0≦β≦0.5を満たし、Mは、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種以上の元素である。)で表され、一次粒子が凝集した二次粒子からなるニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物で構成された非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法である。
まず、上記の複合水酸化物10とリチウム化合物と混合して、リチウム混合物を形成する(ステップS3)。リチウム化合物としては、特に限定されず公知のリチウム化合物が用いられることができ、例えば、入手が容易であるという観点から、水酸化リチウム、硝酸リチウム、炭酸リチウム、又は、これらの混合物が好ましく用いられる。これらの中でも、リチウム化合物としては、取り扱いの容易さ、品質の安定性の観点から、水酸化リチウム又は炭酸リチウムがより好ましい。
次いで、リチウム混合物を焼成して、リチウムニッケルマンガン複合酸化物を得る(ステップS4)。本実施形態の製造方法においては、上述のマンガンリッチ層2を有する複合水酸化物10とリチウム化合物とを混合し、比較的高い温度(例えば、800℃以上950℃以下)で焼成する。焼成時の複合水酸化物10の二次粒子同士の焼結度合はMn/Ni比と関係があり、Mn/Ni比が低い(すなわち、Niの含有量割合が高い)と焼結度合は増加し、逆に、Mn/Ni比が高い(すなわち、Mnの含有割合が高い)と焼結度合は低下する。よって、粒子表面にマンガンリッチ層2を有する場合、焼成時の焼結を抑制することが可能である。さらに、溶出リチウム量は焼成温度と関係があり、焼成温度が高いと溶出リチウム量は減少し、焼成温度が低いと溶出リチウム量は増加する。よって、表面にマンガンリッチ層2を有する複合水酸化物とリチウム化合物とを高い温度で焼成することで、二次粒子同士の焼結を抑制しつつ、溶出リチウム量を低減することができる。
本実施形態の非水系電解質二次電池(以下、「二次電池」ともいう。)の一例について、構成要素ごとにそれぞれ説明する。本実施形態の二次電池は、上記の正極活物質を含む正極を備える二次電池である。二次電池は、例えば、正極、負極及び非水系電解液を含んでもよく、正極、負極及び固体電解質を含んでもよい。本実施形態の二次電池は、一般のリチウムイオン二次電池と同様の構成要素から構成されてもよい。以下、本実施形態の二次電池の一例として、非水系電解液を用いた二次電池について説明する。なお、以下で説明する実施形態は例示に過ぎず、二次電池は、下記実施形態をはじめとして、当業者の知識に基づいて種々の変更、改良を施した形態で実施することができる。また、二次電池は、その用途を特に限定するものではない。
上記の正極活物質を用いて、二次電池の正極を作製する。以下に正極の製造方法の一例を説明する。まず、上記の正極活物質(粉末状)、導電材および結着剤(バインダー)を混合し、さらに必要に応じて活性炭や、粘度調整などの目的の溶剤を添加し、これを混練して正極合材ペーストを作製する。
負極は、金属リチウム、リチウム合金等を用いることができる。また、負極は、リチウムイオンを吸蔵・脱離できる負極活物質に結着剤を混合し、適当な溶剤を加えてペースト状にした負極合材を、銅等の金属箔集電体の表面に塗布、乾燥し、必要に応じて電極密度を高めるべく圧縮して形成したものを用いてもよい。
正極と負極との間には、セパレータを挟み込んで配置する。セパレータは、正極と負極とを分離し、電解質を保持するものであり、例えば、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレンなどの薄い膜で、微少な孔を多数有する膜を用いることができる。
非水系電解液は、支持塩としてのリチウム塩を有機溶媒に溶解したものである。有機溶媒としては、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、ブチレンカーボネートおよびトリフルオロプロピレンカーボネートなどの環状カーボネート、また、ジエチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート、エチルメチルカーボネートおよびジプロピルカーボネートなどの鎖状カーボネート、さらに、テトラヒドロフラン、2-メチルテトラヒドロフランおよびジメトキシエタンなどのエーテル化合物、エチルメチルスルホンやブタンスルトンなどの硫黄化合物、リン酸トリエチルやリン酸トリオクチルなどのリン化合物などから選ばれる1種を単独、又は2種以上を混合して用いることができる。
以上のように説明してきた正極、負極、セパレータおよび非水系電解液で構成される本発明の非水系電解質二次電池は、円筒形や積層形など、種々の形状にすることができる。いずれの形状を採る場合であっても、正極および負極を、セパレータを介して積層させて電極体とし、得られた電極体に、非水系電解液を含浸させ、正極集電体と外部に通ずる正極端子との間、および、負極集電体と外部に通ずる負極端子との間を、集電用リードなどを用いて接続し、電池ケースに密閉して、非水系電解質二次電池を完成させる。
[複合水酸化物の作製]
(第1の晶析工程)
反応槽(容積60L)に純水を所定量入れ、攪拌しながら反応槽内の温度(液温)を49℃に設定し、反応槽に窒素ガスを流通させて非酸化性雰囲気とした。このときの反応槽内空間の酸素濃度は2.0%であった。この反応槽内にニッケル:コバルト:マンガンのモル比が80:10:10となるように硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルト及び硫酸マンガンを溶解した2.0mol/Lの混合水溶液と、アルカリ溶液である25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液と、錯化剤として25質量%アンモニア水と、を反応槽に同時に連続的に添加し、中和晶析反応を行った。この際、液温25℃基準で槽内の反応液のpH値が12.3となるように調整した。反応槽内のアンモニウムイオン濃度は、12~15g/Lの範囲であった。混合水溶液に含まれる金属塩の滞留時間が8時間となるように混合溶液と水酸化ナトリウム水溶液とアンモニア水の合計の流量を制御した。反応槽内で中和晶析反応が安定した後、オーバーフロー口からニッケルコバルトマンガン複合水酸化物を含むスラリーを回収した。
回収したスラリー30Lを他の反応槽(容積60L)に移し、攪拌しながら反応槽内の温度(液温)を49℃に設定し、反応槽に窒素ガスを流通させて非酸化性雰囲気とした。このときの反応槽内空間の酸素濃度は2.0%であった。この反応槽内にニッケル:コバルト:マンガンのモル比が50:10:40となるように硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルト及び硫酸マンガンを溶解した2.0mol/Lの混合水溶液を、反応槽内に0.10L/分で15L加えた。同時に、25質量%アンモニア水および25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液も反応槽内の反応液に一定速度で加えていき、反応液中のアンモニア濃度を12~15g/Lの範囲に保持した状態で、液温25℃基準でpH値を11.2に制御しながら2時間30分間晶析し、生成物を吸引濾過してニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物のケーキを得た。濾過後、濾過機内にあるニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物ケーキに、複合水酸化物140gに対して1Lの純水を供給しながら吸引濾過して通液することで、不純物の洗浄を行った。さらに、洗浄後のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物ケーキを120℃で大気乾燥してニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物を得た。
上記ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物をマグネシア製の焼成容器に挿入し、密閉式電気炉を用いて、流量12L/分の大気雰囲気中で500℃に加熱して2時間保持し、室温まで炉冷し、ニッケルマンガン複合酸化物を得た。
得られた正極活物質52.5mg、アセチレンブラック15mg、およびポリテトラフッ化エチレン樹脂(PTFE)7.5mgを混合し、100MPaの圧力で直径11mm、厚さ100μmにプレス成形し、図5に示す正極(評価用電極)PEを作製した。作製した正極PEを真空乾燥機中120℃で12時間乾燥した後、この正極PEを用いて2032型コイン電池CBAを、露点が-80℃に管理されたAr雰囲気のグローブボックス内で作製した。負極NEには、直径17mm厚さ1mmのリチウム(Li)金属を用い、電解液には、1MのLiClO4を支持電解質とするエチレンカーボネート(EC)とジエチルカーボネート(DEC)の等量混合液(富山薬品工業株式会社製)を用いた。セパレータSEには膜厚25μmのポリエチレン多孔膜を用いた。また、コイン電池は、ガスケットGAとウェーブワッシャーWWを有し、正極缶PCと負極缶NCとでコイン型の電池に組み立てた。
晶析コート工程(第2の晶析工程)において供給する第2の混合水溶液のニッケル:コバルト:マンガンのモル比が40:10:50になるように調整し、第2の混合水溶液の供給量を10Lとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物(前駆体)および正極活物質を作製した。得られたニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の特性を表1に示す。また、得られた正極活物質の特性および電気化学特性評価結果を表2に示す。
焼成工程における焼成温度を880℃としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物および正極活物質を作製した。得られたニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の特性を表1に示す。また、得られた正極活物質の特性および電気化学特性評価結果を表2に示す。
連続晶析工程において供給する混合水溶液のニッケル:コバルト:マンガンのモル比が70:10:20になるように調整し、pH値を液温25℃基準で12.0となるように調整したスラリーを、晶析コート工程を省いて濾過、洗浄して複合水酸化物を得たこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物および正極活物質を作製した。得られたニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の特性を表1に、表面および断面構造を図4Cおよび図4Dに示す。また、得られた正極活物質の特性および電気化学特性評価結果を表2に示す。
焼成工程における焼成温度を970℃としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物および正極活物質を作製した。得られたニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の特性を表1に示す。また、得られた正極活物質の特性および電気化学特性評価結果を表2に示す。
焼成工程における焼成温度を760℃としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物および正極活物質を作製した。得られたニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の特性を表1に示す。また、得られた正極活物質の特性および電気化学特性評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物では、外周部に適度な厚みを有するマンガンリッチ層を有しており、焼成温度を比較的高温としても、焼成時に二次粒子同士の焼結が起こりにくく、焼成後の正極活物質は、高容量と溶出リチウム量の低減とが高いレベルで両立できている。また、実施例の正極活物質は、円形度が高く、二次粒子同士の焼結が少なく、粒子充填性に優れており、高い体積エネルギー密度を得られている。
1…二次粒子
2…マンガンリッチ層
3…中心部
r…二次粒子の半径
t…マンガンリッチ層の厚さ
PE…正極(評価用電極)
NE…負極
SE…セパレータ
GA…ガスケット
WW…ウェーブワッシャー
PC…正極缶
NC…負極缶
Claims (14)
- 複数の一次粒子が互いに凝集した二次粒子からなり、一般式(1):Nix1Mny1Mz1(OH)2+α(前記式(1)中、0.70≦x1≦0.95、0.05≦y1≦0.30、x1+y1+z1=1.0、かつ、0≦α≦0.4を満たし、Mは、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種以上の元素である。)で表されるニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物であって、
前記二次粒子の粒子表面から粒子内部にかけてマンガンリッチ層を有し、
該マンガンリッチ層は、下記一般式(2)で表され、
前記マンガンリッチ層の厚さが前記二次粒子の半径に対して5%以上20%以下である、
ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物。
一般式(2):Nix2Mny2Mz2(OH)2+α
(前記式(2)中、
x2+z2=0及びy2=1を満たす、又は、y2/(x2+z2)≧0.6を満たし、
0≦z2≦0.40、
x2+y2+z2=1.0、かつ、
0≦α≦0.4を満たし、
Mは、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種の元素である。) - レーザー回折散乱法によって測定された粒度分布において、体積平均粒径(Mv)が4μm以上20μm以下であり、累積90体積%径(D90)及び累積10体積%径(D10)と、前記体積平均粒径(Mv)とによって算出される、粒径のばらつき指数を示す[(D90-D10)/Mv]が0.60以上である、請求項1に記載のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物。
- タップ密度が1.8g/cm3以上3.2g/cm3以下である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物。
- 請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の製造方法であって、
少なくともニッケル塩及びマンガン塩を含む第1の混合水溶液を、反応水溶液に連続的に供給し、中和晶析させてニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の粒子を生成することと、前記粒子を含むスラリーを反応槽からオーバーフローさせることにより、前記粒子を回収することと、を含む第1の晶析工程と、
前記回収された粒子と、前記マンガンリッチ層中のNi、Mn及びMのモル比と同様のモル比を有する第2の混合水溶液と、を含む反応水溶液を、中和晶析させて前記粒子の表面に前記マンガンリッチ層を形成する第2の晶析工程とを含む、
ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の製造方法。 - 前記第1の晶析工程及び第2の晶析工程において、反応水溶液のアンモニア濃度を5g/L以上25g/L以下に調整する、請求項4に記載のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の製造方法。
- 前記第1の晶析工程及び第2の晶析工程において、反応水溶液の温度を35℃以上60℃以下の範囲に調整することを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の製造方法。
- 前記第2の晶析工程において、反応水溶液の液温25℃基準として測定されるpH値を10.0以上13.0以下の範囲に調整することを特徴とする請求項4~請求項6のいずれか一項に記載のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の製造方法。
- 複数の一次粒子が互いに凝集した二次粒子を含み、一般式(3):Li1+tNix3Mny3Mz3O2+β(前記式(3)中、-0.05≦t≦0.5、0.70≦x3≦0.95、0.05≦y3≦0.30、x3+y3+z3=1.0、かつ、0≦β≦0.5を満たし、Mは、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種以上の元素である。)で表され、六方晶系の層状構造を有するリチウムニッケルマンガン複合酸化物からなる非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質であって、
画像解析により算出した二次粒子の円形度が0.95以上であり、
X線回折測定による(003)面結晶子径が160nm以上300nm以下であり、
水に浸漬した場合に、水に溶出するリチウム量が正極活物質全体に対して0.2質量%以下である、
非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質。 - レーザー回折散乱法によって測定された粒度分布において、体積平均粒径(Mv)が4μm以上20μm以下であり、累積90体積%径(D90)及び累積10体積%径(D10)と、前記体積平均粒径(Mv)とによって算出される、粒径のばらつき指数を示す[(D90-D10)/Mv]が0.60以上である、請求項8に記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 比表面積が0.20m2/g以上0.70m2/g以下である請求項8又は請求項9に記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- タップ密度が2.2g/cm3以上3.6g/cm3以下である、請求項8~請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 一般式(3):Li1+tNix3Mny3Mz3O2+β(前記式(3)中、-0.05≦t≦0.5、0.70≦x3≦0.95、0.05≦y3≦0.30、x3+y3+z3=1.0、かつ、0≦β≦0.5を満たし、Mは、Co、Al、Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta、Fe、及びWから選択される少なくとも1種以上の元素である。)で表され、六方晶系の層状構造を有するリチウムニッケルマンガン複合酸化物により構成された非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法であって、
請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物と、リチウム化合物と、を混合してリチウム混合物を形成することと、前記リチウム混合物を、酸化性雰囲気中において800℃以上950℃以下の温度で焼成してリチウムニッケルマンガン複合酸化物を得ることと、を含む、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。 - レーザー回折散乱法によって測定された粒度分布において、前記焼成後のリチウムニッケルマンガン複合酸化物の累積50体積%径(D50)を、前記焼成前のニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物の累積50体積%径(D50)で除した値が1.2以下である、請求項12に記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 請求項8~請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質を含む正極を備える非水系電解質二次電池。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17863954.8A EP3533764A4 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | NICKEL-MANGANESE COMPOSITE HYDROXIDE, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERIES, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAID POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL, AND NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY |
| CN202210342965.3A CN114804226B (zh) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | 非水系电解质二次电池用正极活性物质以及非水系电解质二次电池 |
| US16/344,888 US12531238B2 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | Nickel-manganese composite hydroxide, method for producing the same, positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, method for producing the same, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| KR1020197015399A KR102432535B1 (ko) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | 니켈 망간 복합 수산화물과 그의 제조 방법, 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질과 그의 제조 방법, 및 비수계 전해질 이차 전지 |
| CN201780081165.8A CN110121481B (zh) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | 镍锰复合氢氧化物和其制造方法、非水系电解质二次电池用正极活性物质和其制造方法以及非水系电解质二次电池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016213413A JP6855752B2 (ja) | 2016-10-31 | 2016-10-31 | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP2016-213413 | 2016-10-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018079809A1 true WO2018079809A1 (ja) | 2018-05-03 |
Family
ID=62023543
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/039255 Ceased WO2018079809A1 (ja) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12531238B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3533764A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6855752B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102432535B1 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN114804226B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2018079809A1 (ja) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111819718A (zh) * | 2018-05-17 | 2020-10-23 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 二次电池用正极活性材料、其制备方法以及包含该材料的锂二次电池 |
| JP2020176051A (ja) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-29 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムニッケルマンガンコバルト複合酸化物及び、リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| CN113165907A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-07-23 | 住友化学株式会社 | 锂金属复合氧化物、锂二次电池用正极活性物质、正极以及锂二次电池 |
| US20220158183A1 (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2022-05-19 | Tanaka Chemical Corporation | Nickel composite hydroxide, positive electrode active material using nickel composite hydroxide as precursor, and method for producing the same |
| EP3846262A4 (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2022-07-06 | Tanaka Chemical Corporation | POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL PARTICLES FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL PARTICLES FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES |
| EP3793011A4 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-07-20 | JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation | Positive electrode activity on an oxide-base for lithium-ion fixed body batteries, process for the production of a precursor of positive electrode activity on oxide-ion fixed body batteries, process for the production of a positive electrode activity on an oxide-ion feast batteries and lithium-ion fixed body battery |
| US20220367869A1 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-11-17 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery |
| EP4027410A4 (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2023-10-25 | Proterial, Ltd. | POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERIES, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME AND LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY |
| US20240021808A1 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2024-01-18 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery |
| EP4007014A4 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2024-08-14 | Nichia Corporation | METHOD FOR PRODUCING NICKEL-COBALT COMPOSITE OXIDE, NICKEL-COBALT COMPOSITE OXIDE, POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL, POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR ALL-SOLID-STATE LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY, AND ALL-SOLID-STATE LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7205114B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-30 | 2023-01-17 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 遷移金属複合水酸化物の製造方法、および、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
| KR102306547B1 (ko) | 2018-09-14 | 2021-09-30 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극재의 제조 방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 리튬 이차전지용 양극재 |
| KR102725846B1 (ko) | 2019-02-15 | 2024-11-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| JP7367336B2 (ja) * | 2019-04-26 | 2023-10-24 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケル複合水酸化物、ニッケル複合水酸化物の製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| CN113767069B (zh) * | 2019-04-26 | 2023-08-22 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | 镍复合氢氧化物及其制造方法、锂离子二次电池用正极活性物质及其制造方法、锂离子二次电池 |
| JP7695883B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-06 | 2025-06-19 | 株式会社田中化学研究所 | ニッケル複合水酸化物粒子、ニッケル複合水酸化物粒子を前駆体とした正極活物質及び正極活物質の製造方法 |
| CN114342121A (zh) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-04-12 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | 锂离子二次电池用正极活性物质和锂离子二次电池 |
| CN112850807B (zh) * | 2019-11-28 | 2024-01-09 | 惠州比亚迪电池有限公司 | 一种三元前驱体及制备方法、一种三元材料及锂离子电池 |
| CN111430683A (zh) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-07-17 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | 锂离子电池的无钴正极材料及其制备方法和锂离子电池 |
| WO2021174480A1 (zh) * | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-10 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | 正极材料和包括其的电化学装置及电子装置 |
| KR102293034B1 (ko) * | 2020-06-04 | 2021-08-24 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
| JP7233402B2 (ja) * | 2020-07-06 | 2023-03-06 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム二次電池正極活物質用前駆体、リチウム金属複合酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
| KR102586106B1 (ko) * | 2020-10-29 | 2023-10-05 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| KR102787046B1 (ko) * | 2021-01-05 | 2025-03-25 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 전구체 및 이의 제조 방법 |
| KR102906056B1 (ko) * | 2021-06-01 | 2025-12-29 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| EP4380898B1 (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2025-07-16 | Umicore | Positive electrode active material for a rechargeable lithium-ion battery |
| EP4140957A1 (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-03-01 | Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. | Positive active material precursor for rechargeable lithium battery, method for preparing positive active material using the precursor, and positive active material for rechargeable lithium battery |
| KR102761656B1 (ko) * | 2021-08-24 | 2025-02-03 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 전구체, 이를 이용한 양극 활물질의 제조 방법 및 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 |
| KR20250094393A (ko) * | 2023-12-18 | 2025-06-25 | 포스코홀딩스 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 전구체, 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
| EP4663608A1 (en) * | 2024-06-14 | 2025-12-17 | Umicore Battery Materials Finland Oy | Method for preparing metal-bearing hydroxide particulate material |
| EP4674815A1 (en) * | 2024-07-01 | 2026-01-07 | Umicore Battery Materials Finland Oy | Method of processing a metal-bearing m' -hydroxide or -oxyhydroxide particulate slurry |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009525578A (ja) * | 2006-03-30 | 2009-07-09 | インダスタトリー− ユニヴァーシティ コーポレイション ファウンデーション ハンヤン ユニヴァーシティ | リチウム電池用正極活物質、正極活物質の製造方法及び正極活物質を含むリチウム電池 |
| JP2010114088A (ja) * | 2007-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Toda Kogyo Corp | 非水電解質二次電池用Li−Ni系複合酸化物粒子粉末及びその製造方法、並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2011076797A (ja) | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-14 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2011113885A (ja) | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-09 | Toda Kogyo Corp | 非水電解質二次電池用Li−Ni複合酸化物粒子粉末及びその製造方法、並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
| CN102631875A (zh) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-08-15 | 上海中兴派能能源科技有限公司 | 一种多级核壳结构多元材料及其前驱体及它们的制备方法 |
| JP2012256435A (ja) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-27 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物粒子とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、ならびに非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP2015056368A (ja) | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-23 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法 |
| JP2016033906A (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-03-10 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用の正極活物質及びその製造方法、並びに非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP2016213413A (ja) | 2015-05-13 | 2016-12-15 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006070977A1 (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-07-06 | Iucf-Hyu (Industry-University Cooperation Foundation Hanyang University) | Double-layer cathode active materials for lithium secondary batteries, method for preparing the active materials, and lithium secondary batteries using the active materials |
| JP5568886B2 (ja) * | 2009-05-07 | 2014-08-13 | ソニー株式会社 | 活物質、電池および電極の製造方法 |
| KR101185366B1 (ko) * | 2010-01-14 | 2012-09-24 | 주식회사 에코프로 | 회분식 반응기(batch reactor)를 사용하여 농도구배층을 가지는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극활물질 전구체 및 양극활물질을 제조하는 방법 |
| JP4807467B1 (ja) * | 2010-07-23 | 2011-11-02 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| CN103765658B (zh) * | 2011-05-30 | 2016-03-30 | 尤米科尔公司 | 具有依赖尺寸的组成的正极材料 |
| JP5316726B2 (ja) | 2011-06-07 | 2013-10-16 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケル複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および、非水系電解質二次電池 |
| KR101689214B1 (ko) * | 2011-10-28 | 2016-12-26 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 니켈 복합 수산화물, 이로부터 형성된 리튬 이차 전지용 리튬 복합 산화물, 그 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 및 이를 구비한 리튬 이차 전지 |
| JP5835612B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-06 | 2015-12-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 非水系二次電池 |
| JP6251964B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-24 | 2017-12-27 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 非水系二次電池用複層構造炭素材、及びそれを用いた非水系二次電池用負極並びに非水系二次電池 |
| US9882204B2 (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2018-01-30 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Nickel composite hydroxide, cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and methods for producing these |
| US10084188B2 (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2018-09-25 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active substance for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell, method for producing same, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell using positive electrode active substance |
| JP6094590B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2017-03-15 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウム電池、及び、モジュール |
| JP5880426B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-03-09 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケル複合水酸化物及びその製造方法、並びに正極活物質の製造方法 |
| US10424787B2 (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2019-09-24 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Transition metal composite hydroxide particles and production method thereof, cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery and production method thereof, and nonaqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery |
| JP6142929B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-31 | 2017-06-07 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物粒子とその製造方法、非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水電解質二次電池 |
| KR101918345B1 (ko) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-11-13 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
| KR102460961B1 (ko) * | 2015-11-06 | 2022-10-31 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함한 양극을 구비한 리튬이차전지 |
| KR102159243B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-09-23 | 주식회사 에코프로비엠 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극활물질 |
-
2016
- 2016-10-31 JP JP2016213413A patent/JP6855752B2/ja active Active
-
2017
- 2017-10-31 CN CN202210342965.3A patent/CN114804226B/zh active Active
- 2017-10-31 EP EP17863954.8A patent/EP3533764A4/en active Pending
- 2017-10-31 CN CN201780081165.8A patent/CN110121481B/zh active Active
- 2017-10-31 KR KR1020197015399A patent/KR102432535B1/ko active Active
- 2017-10-31 WO PCT/JP2017/039255 patent/WO2018079809A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2017-10-31 US US16/344,888 patent/US12531238B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009525578A (ja) * | 2006-03-30 | 2009-07-09 | インダスタトリー− ユニヴァーシティ コーポレイション ファウンデーション ハンヤン ユニヴァーシティ | リチウム電池用正極活物質、正極活物質の製造方法及び正極活物質を含むリチウム電池 |
| JP2010114088A (ja) * | 2007-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Toda Kogyo Corp | 非水電解質二次電池用Li−Ni系複合酸化物粒子粉末及びその製造方法、並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2011076797A (ja) | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-14 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2011113885A (ja) | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-09 | Toda Kogyo Corp | 非水電解質二次電池用Li−Ni複合酸化物粒子粉末及びその製造方法、並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2012256435A (ja) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-27 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物粒子とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、ならびに非水系電解質二次電池 |
| CN102631875A (zh) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-08-15 | 上海中兴派能能源科技有限公司 | 一种多级核壳结构多元材料及其前驱体及它们的制备方法 |
| JP2015056368A (ja) | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-23 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法 |
| JP2016033906A (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-03-10 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用の正極活物質及びその製造方法、並びに非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP2016213413A (ja) | 2015-05-13 | 2016-12-15 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP3533764A4 |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111819718B (zh) * | 2018-05-17 | 2025-11-04 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | 二次电池用正极活性材料、其制备方法以及包含该材料的锂二次电池 |
| CN111819718A (zh) * | 2018-05-17 | 2020-10-23 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 二次电池用正极活性材料、其制备方法以及包含该材料的锂二次电池 |
| EP3751646A4 (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2021-04-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR SECONDARY BATTERY, MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR IT AND LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY WITH IT |
| US12308415B2 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2025-05-20 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for secondary battery, method of preparing the same, and lithium secondary battery including the same |
| EP4339164A3 (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2024-06-12 | LG Energy Solution, Ltd. | Cathode active material for secondary battery, manufacturing method therefor, and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
| EP3846262A4 (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2022-07-06 | Tanaka Chemical Corporation | POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL PARTICLES FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL PARTICLES FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES |
| CN113165907A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-07-23 | 住友化学株式会社 | 锂金属复合氧化物、锂二次电池用正极活性物质、正极以及锂二次电池 |
| EP3889112A4 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-09-14 | Sumitomo Chemical Company Limited | LITHIUM METAL COMPOUND OXIDE, POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERIES, POSITIVE ELECTRODE AND LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY |
| EP3793011A4 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-07-20 | JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation | Positive electrode activity on an oxide-base for lithium-ion fixed body batteries, process for the production of a precursor of positive electrode activity on oxide-ion fixed body batteries, process for the production of a positive electrode activity on an oxide-ion feast batteries and lithium-ion fixed body battery |
| JP2020176051A (ja) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-29 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムニッケルマンガンコバルト複合酸化物及び、リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP7547767B2 (ja) | 2019-04-16 | 2024-09-10 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムニッケルマンガンコバルト複合酸化物及び、リチウムイオン二次電池並びにこれらの製造方法 |
| US20220367869A1 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-11-17 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery |
| US20240021808A1 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2024-01-18 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery |
| US12500233B2 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2025-12-16 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery |
| EP4007014A4 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2024-08-14 | Nichia Corporation | METHOD FOR PRODUCING NICKEL-COBALT COMPOSITE OXIDE, NICKEL-COBALT COMPOSITE OXIDE, POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL, POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR ALL-SOLID-STATE LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY, AND ALL-SOLID-STATE LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY |
| US20220158183A1 (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2022-05-19 | Tanaka Chemical Corporation | Nickel composite hydroxide, positive electrode active material using nickel composite hydroxide as precursor, and method for producing the same |
| EP4027410A4 (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2023-10-25 | Proterial, Ltd. | POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERIES, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME AND LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6855752B2 (ja) | 2021-04-07 |
| CN110121481A (zh) | 2019-08-13 |
| JP2018070419A (ja) | 2018-05-10 |
| CN114804226A (zh) | 2022-07-29 |
| KR20190078603A (ko) | 2019-07-04 |
| EP3533764A1 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
| KR102432535B1 (ko) | 2022-08-17 |
| EP3533764A4 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
| CN114804226B (zh) | 2025-03-04 |
| US20200052295A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
| CN110121481B (zh) | 2022-04-19 |
| US12531238B2 (en) | 2026-01-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110121481B (zh) | 镍锰复合氢氧化物和其制造方法、非水系电解质二次电池用正极活性物质和其制造方法以及非水系电解质二次电池 | |
| JP7215169B2 (ja) | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| KR101644252B1 (ko) | 니켈 복합 수산화물과 그의 제조 방법, 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질과 그의 제조 방법, 및 비수계 전해질 이차 전지 | |
| KR102203425B1 (ko) | 전이 금속 복합 수산화물 입자와 그의 제조 방법, 비수전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질과 그의 제조 방법, 및 비수전해질 이차 전지 | |
| KR102481160B1 (ko) | 전이 금속 함유 복합 수산화물과 그의 제조 방법, 비수전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질과 그의 제조 방법 및 비수전해질 이차 전지 | |
| JP5638232B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池正極活物質用ニッケルコバルトマンガン複合水酸化物粒子とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP5614513B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質及びこれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP5708277B2 (ja) | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物粒子とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、ならびに非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP4807467B1 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法および非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP7135855B2 (ja) | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP7135856B2 (ja) | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| CN107078294B (zh) | 非水系电解质二次电池用正极活性物质、其制造方法和使用其的非水系电解质二次电池 | |
| JP2011116580A5 (ja) | ||
| WO2015146598A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質の前駆体とその製造方法、及び非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法 | |
| WO2018021554A1 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、及び非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP7488021B2 (ja) | 金属複合水酸化物とその製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、及び、それを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| WO2019087503A1 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質、非水系電解質二次電池及び非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
| JPWO2018097191A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質および非水電解質二次電池 | |
| US12388111B2 (en) | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery positive electrode active material and method for manufacturing same, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 17863954 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20197015399 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017863954 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20190531 |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 16344888 Country of ref document: US |

