WO2018093176A2 - 적층구조의 mimo 안테나 어셈블리 - Google Patents
적층구조의 mimo 안테나 어셈블리 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018093176A2 WO2018093176A2 PCT/KR2017/013034 KR2017013034W WO2018093176A2 WO 2018093176 A2 WO2018093176 A2 WO 2018093176A2 KR 2017013034 W KR2017013034 W KR 2017013034W WO 2018093176 A2 WO2018093176 A2 WO 2018093176A2
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- printed circuit
- circuit board
- filter
- calibration
- pcb
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
- H01Q25/001—Crossed polarisation dual antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/02—Arrangements for de-icing; Arrangements for drying-out ; Arrangements for cooling; Arrangements for preventing corrosion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
- H01R12/70—Coupling devices
- H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
- H01R12/72—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures
- H01R12/73—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures connecting to other rigid printed circuits or like structures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna. More specifically, the present invention relates to a lightweight MIMO antenna assembly having a laminated structure and a calibration in a MIMO antenna operating in a time division duplex (TDD) scheme.
- MIMO multiple input multiple output
- TDD time division duplex
- MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
- the transmitter transmits different data through each transmit antenna, and the receiver transmits different data through appropriate signal processing. Spatial multiplexing technique to distinguish. Therefore, as the number of transmit / receive antennas is increased, channel capacity increases to allow more data to be transmitted and received. For example, if you increase the number of antennas to 10, you get about 10 times the channel capacity using the same frequency band compared to the current single antenna system.
- 4G LTE-advanced uses up to 8 antennas.
- products with 64 or 128 antennas are being developed in the pre-5G phase, and base station equipment with a much larger number of antennas is expected to be used in 5G.
- This is called Massive MIMO technology.
- Massive MIMO technology While the current cell operation is 2-Dimension, 3D-Beamforming is possible when Massive MIMO technology is introduced. Massive MIMO technology is also called Full Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO).
- Massive MIMO technology As the number of antenna elements increases, so does the number of transceivers and filters. Nevertheless, due to lease costs and space constraints, making RF components (antenna elements / filters / power amplifiers / transceivers) small, light and inexpensive will determine the success or failure of antennas employing Massive MIMO technology. Massive MIMO antennas require high power to increase coverage, and the power consumption and heat generated by these high powers are a negative factor in reducing weight and size.
- the present invention has a main object to provide a MIMO antenna having a compact and lightweight laminated structure.
- the present invention proposes an assembly method capable of minimizing the accumulation amount of assembly tolerances generated when assembling a plurality of filters and a structure capable of uniformly transmitting the clamping force necessary to secure the electrical characteristics of the filter.
- the present invention provides a calibration technique that performs TX / RX calibration with one calibration hardware configuration in a MIMO antenna operating in a time division duplex (TDD) scheme and can perform calibration in real time while operating.
- TDD time division duplex
- a MIMO antenna system including an antenna assembly having a stacked structure.
- a laminated antenna assembly is embedded between the radome and a housing having a heatsink formed on the rear surface thereof.
- An antenna assembly having a stacked structure includes a first printed circuit board (PCB) on which a feeding network is formed; A plurality of antenna elements installed on an upper surface of the first printed circuit board facing the radome and connected to the power supply network; And a filter assembly disposed on a lower surface of the first printed circuit board and including a plurality of band pass filters connected to the feed network.
- the antenna assembly of the stacked structure further includes a second printed circuit board disposed to face the housing, and further comprising a second printed circuit board having a plurality of transmit / receive circuits connected to the plurality of band pass filters.
- a MIMO antenna assembly having a stacked structure includes a first printed circuit board (PCB) on which a feeding network is formed; A plurality of antenna elements installed on an upper surface of the first printed circuit board and connected to the feeding network; And a filter assembly disposed on a lower surface of the first printed circuit board and including a plurality of band pass filters connected to the feed network.
- the multilayer MIMO antenna assembly includes a second printed circuit board disposed under the first printed circuit board.
- the second printed circuit board includes a plurality of transmission / reception circuits connected to the plurality of band pass filters, a digital circuit connected to the plurality of transmission / reception circuits to perform digital processing of baseband signals, and a calibration circuit in which a plurality of switches are connected in a tree structure. Formed.
- a first printed circuit board having a feeding network and a plurality of through holes electrically connected to the feeding network; A plurality of antenna elements installed on an upper surface of the first printed circuit board and connected to the feeding network; And a plurality of band pass filters adhered to the lower surface of the first printed circuit board.
- Each bandpass filter has a first port having a conductive first pin extending from an interior cavity and protruding from an upper surface thereof, each bandpass filter having a protruding portion of the first pin printed on the first print. It is tightly coupled to the first printed circuit board while being inserted into the through hole formed in the circuit board.
- Embodiments of the MIMO antenna assembly may further include one or more of the following features.
- the first port includes an opening formed in the upper surface; An insulating bush inserted into the opening to close the opening; And the conductive pins penetrating through the insulating bush and protruding from the bush.
- the plurality of band pass filters may include a plurality of fastening grooves fastened by the printed circuit board and bolts on the upper surface.
- the plurality of band pass filters form a filter assembly assembled in a row on a push bar having insertion protrusions inserted into insertion holes formed in the first printed circuit board.
- the plurality of band pass filters include a step portion for receiving the push bar, wherein the step portions are provided with insertion protrusions and fastening holes, and the push bars are inserted with insertion protrusions of respective band pass filters. Insertion grooves are formed, and a plurality of fastening grooves are fastened by fastening holes and bolts of each band pass filter.
- the MIMO antenna assembly further includes a second printed circuit board having a plurality of transmit and receive circuits connected to the plurality of band pass filters.
- a plurality of RF sockets connected to the plurality of transceiver circuits are mounted on an upper surface of the second printed circuit board, and each bandpass filter protrudes from a lower surface of the second printed circuit board.
- a second port including a groove having a groove into which the groove is inserted and a conductive pin extending from the hollow inside and penetrating the groove formed in the protrusion, wherein each band pass filter has a conductive pin at the second port. It is coupled to the second printed circuit board while being inserted into a hole formed in the socket.
- the second port of each bandpass filter includes an opening formed in the groove; An insulating bush inserted into the opening to close the opening; And the conductive pins penetrating through the insulating bush and protruding from the bush.
- a plurality of structures are formed on an upper surface of the second printed circuit board, the contact pads being electrically connected to the transmission and reception circuits, and each bandpass filter is disposed in a cavity therein.
- a second port having a conductive plunger electrically connected and protruding from the bottom surface, each bandpass filter coupled to the second printed circuit board with the plunger in contact with the contact pad; do.
- the second port of each bandpass filter includes an opening formed in the lower surface; An insulating bush inserted into the opening to close the opening; A barrel barrel penetrating the insulating bush and protruding from the bush; The plunger having at least a portion inserted into the barrel of the cylinder; And a spring disposed in the barrel to support the plunger.
- the plurality of bandpass filters may be assembled in a line to a push bar coupled with the second printed circuit board to form a filter assembly, and the push bar coupled with the second printed circuit board. Provides uniform pressure to each bandpass filter such that each bandpass filter is coupled to the second printed circuit board with a uniform force.
- a lower surface of the plurality of band pass filters may include a fastening groove fastened by a bolt and a second printed circuit board having a plurality of transceiving circuits.
- a first printed circuit board having a feeding network and a plurality of contact pads electrically connected to the feeding network; A plurality of antenna elements installed on an upper surface of the first printed circuit board and connected to the feeding network; And a plurality of band pass filters adhered to the lower surface of the first printed circuit board.
- Each bandpass filter has a first port having a conductive first plunger extending from an interior cavity and protruding from an upper surface thereof, wherein each bandpass filter includes the first plunger in the first printed circuit.
- the first printed circuit board is in close contact with the contact pad formed on the substrate.
- Embodiments of the MIMO antenna assembly may further include one or more of the following features.
- the first port includes an opening formed in the upper surface; An insulating bush inserted into the opening to close the opening; A barrel barrel penetrating the insulating bush and protruding from the bush; At least a portion of the conductive plunger inserted into the barrel of the cylinder; And a spring disposed in the barrel to support the conductive plunger.
- the MIMO antenna assembly further includes a second printed circuit board having a plurality of transmit and receive circuits connected to the plurality of band pass filters.
- a plurality of structures are formed on an upper surface of the second printed circuit board, the contact pads being electrically connected to the transmission and reception circuits, and each bandpass filter is disposed in a cavity therein.
- a second port having a conductive plunger electrically connected and protruding from the bottom surface, each bandpass filter having the second port with the conductive plunger of the second port in contact with the contact pad; It is coupled to a printed circuit board.
- the second port of each bandpass filter includes an opening formed in a lower surface thereof; A bush inserted into the opening to close the opening; A barrel barrel penetrating the bush and protruding from the bush; At least a portion of the conductive plunger inserted into the barrel of the cylinder; And a spring disposed in the barrel of the cylinder to support the conductive plunger.
- a plurality of structures are formed on an upper surface of the second printed circuit board, the contact pads being electrically connected to the transceiver circuits, and each bandpass filter is formed from an internal cavity.
- a second port having a conductive rod extending from and protruding from the bottom surface, each bandpass filter coupled to the second printed circuit board with the conductive rod in contact with the contact pad.
- the second port of each bandpass filter includes an opening formed in the lower surface; An insulating bush inserted into the opening to close the opening; And the conductive rod passing through the insulating bush and protruding from the bush.
- each bandpass filter has a first port electrically connected to an interior cavity and having a conductive rod protruding from the top surface, wherein each bandpass filter The conductive rod is in close contact with the first printed circuit board while being in contact with the contact pad formed on the first printed circuit board.
- the first port includes an opening formed in the upper surface; An insulating bush inserted into the opening to close the opening; A conductive pin penetrating the insulating bush and protruding from the bush; And the conductive rod fixed to the end of the conductive pin in a vertical direction.
- a MIMO antenna system operating with a time division duplex (TDD) communication protocol includes a plurality of antenna elements, a plurality of band pass filters connected to the plurality of antenna elements, and a plurality of band pass filters. It includes a plurality of transmission and reception circuits connected. Each transmit / receive circuit includes an RF interface connected to the band pass filter, and a transmission path and a reception path connected to the RF interface by time division.
- the MIMO antenna system is a calibration network in which a plurality of switches are connected in a tree structure, and a switch located at the top of the tree structure is selectively connected to a specific transmission path among the plurality of transmission paths and a specific reception path among the plurality of reception paths.
- the plurality of switches located at the lowest position in the tree structure further includes a calibration network, each connected to a plurality of directional couplers coupled to RF interfaces of the plurality of transceiver circuits.
- the specific transmission path is used for application of a pilot signal for calibration for the plurality of reception paths in a downlink time interval, and the specific reception path in the uplink time interval is used for the plurality of transmissions. It is used as a feedback path for calibration of the paths.
- Embodiments of the MIMO antenna system may further include one or more of the following features.
- the MIMO antenna system further includes processing circuitry coupled to the plurality of transmit / receive circuits and perform transmit calibration for the plurality of transmit paths and receive calibration for the plurality of receive paths. .
- the processing circuit includes, as an offset value, an RF deviation of the plurality of previously measured bandpass filters and antenna feeder lines in the deviation between each transmission path and each reception path.
- the transmission calibration and the reception calibration are performed.
- the processing circuit performs calibration in real time while the MIMO antenna is operating.
- the plurality of transmission and reception circuits, the calibration network and the processing circuit are formed on one printed circuit board.
- the processing circuitry forms a first calibration path comprised of the plurality of directional couplers, the calibration network and the specific receive path, and transmits via each transmit path via the first calibration path.
- a signal is obtained and a transmission calibration is performed based on a comparison between the transmission signal applied to each transmission path and the transmission signal acquired through the first calibration path.
- the processing circuit generates a pilot signal for calibration of each receive path, forms a second calibration path comprised of the particular transmission path, the calibration network and the directional coupler, and the second calibration.
- the pilot signal is inserted into each reception path through a path, and reception calibration is performed based on a comparison between the generated pilot signal and a pilot signal extracted from an output signal of each reception path.
- each transmitting circuit comprises an up converter, a D / A converter and a power amplifier (PA), wherein the specific transmission path further comprises a switch located between the power amplifier and the D / A converter, The switch further includes a switch for bypassing a pilot signal applied to the specific transmission path to the calibration network in an uplink time interval.
- PA power amplifier
- each receiving circuit comprises a low noise amplifier (LNA), an A / D converter and a down converter
- the specific receiving path further comprises a switch located between the low noise amplifier and the A / D converter
- the switch further includes a switch receiving a transmission signal via each transmission path that is fed back from the calibration network in a downlink time interval.
- the pilot signal has a frequency in-band of the received signal.
- the pilot signal has an out-band frequency of the received signal.
- each transmit / receive circuit further comprises a circulator coupled to the transmit path, the receive path and the RF interface, wherein a received signal input from the RF interface to the circulator is transferred to the receive path.
- the transmission signal input to the circulator from the transmission path is transmitted to the RF interface.
- the receiving path is connected to the circulator via a TDD switch, the TDD switch being a first input connected to the circulator, a first output connected to the receiving path, and a terminating resistor connected thereto. And a two output terminal, wherein the TDD switch is connected to the first input terminal in the downlink time interval.
- a plurality of antennas a plurality of band pass filters connected to the plurality of antennas, a plurality of transmission / reception circuits connected to the plurality of band pass filters, and a time division duplex (TDD) through the plurality of antennas
- TDD time division duplex
- the present invention provides a method for calibrating a MIMO antenna system including a plurality of transmission and reception circuits for transmitting and receiving in a communication protocol, and a calibration network in which a plurality of switches are connected in a tree structure.
- the method includes a first calibration comprising a directional coupler coupled to a branch between the plurality of transmission and reception circuits and the band pass filter, and a reception path included in a specific transmission and reception circuit among the calibration network and the plurality of transmission and reception circuits. Forming a path.
- the method includes obtaining a transmission signal transmitted to the plurality of bandpass filters through the first calibration path; And performing transmission calibration based on a comparison between the transmission signal applied to each transmission path and the transmission signal acquired through the first calibration path.
- Embodiments of the calibration method may further include one or more of the following features.
- the process of forming the first calibration path and the process of acquiring the transmission signal are performed in a downlink time interval.
- the performing of the calibration may further include including, as an offset value, RF deviations of the plurality of bandpass filters previously measured in deviations between transmission paths included in each transmission and reception circuit. .
- the calibration method comprises: generating a pilot signal for calibration of each receive path; Forming a second calibration path including a directional coupler coupled to a branch between the plurality of transmission / reception circuits and the band pass filter, a transmission path included in a specific transmission / reception circuit among the calibration network and the plurality of transmission / reception circuits. Process of doing; Inserting the pilot signal into a transmission path included in the specific transmission / reception circuit to insert the pilot signal into a reception path included in the plurality of transmission / reception circuits through the second calibration path; And performing reception calibration based on a comparison between the generated pilot signal and the pilot signal extracted from the output signal of each reception path.
- the forming of the second calibration path and the inserting of the pilot signal are performed in an uplink time interval.
- the performing of the reception calibration may include offsetting RF deviations of the plurality of previously measured bandpass filters and antenna feeder lines to deviations between respective reception paths included in each transceiver circuit. It further includes the process of including it as a value.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an exemplary appearance of an antenna device having an antenna assembly according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a stack structure of an exemplary massive MIMO antenna.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an exemplary subassembly implementing first to second layers in the stack structure of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a laminated structure of a massive MIMO antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a massive MIMO antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention taking the stacked structure of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a subassembly in which filters are coupled to a first PCB to which an antenna element is coupled according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure in which a bandpass filter is connected to a PCB through an RF connector.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the structure of a cavity filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure in which a cavity filter is connected to a first PCB and a second PCB according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure in which a cavity filter is connected to a first PCB and a second PCB according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure in which a cavity filter is connected to a first PCB and a second PCB according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 12 illustrates filter assemblies according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a view illustrating a state in which filter assemblies are assembled in a first PCB according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram illustrating the function of a massive MIMO antenna assembly according to the present invention.
- FIG. 15A illustrates a transmission / reception module in which no SPDT switch exists between the RF IC and the RF devices
- FIG. 15B illustrates a transmission / reception module in which an SPDT switch exists between the RF IC and the RF devices.
- 16 is a diagram for explaining signal flow in TX calibration.
- 17 is a diagram for explaining signal flow in RX calibration.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a fixed phase deviation of filters and antenna feeder lines.
- calibration network refers to a path for feeding back a transmission signal for each transmission path obtained through a bidirectional coupler coupled to an output terminal of each transmission path to a calibration processor, and each reception path from a calibration processor. Refers to an RF circuit that provides a path through which a pilot signal is transmitted to an input terminal of a.
- the antenna device 10 includes a housing 12 in which a heat sink is largely formed, and a radome 11 coupled to the housing.
- An antenna assembly to be described later is embedded between the housing 12 and the radome 11.
- a power supply unit 13 is coupled to the bottom of the housing 11, for example, via a docking structure, and the power supply unit 13 operates electronic components provided in the antenna assembly. Provide operating power for
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a stack structure of an exemplary massive MIMO antenna.
- the massive MIMO antenna 20 illustrated in FIG. 2 includes a radome, a housing in which a heat sink is formed outside, and an antenna assembly arranged therebetween.
- the antenna assembly is configured in such a way that the RF elements and the modules in which the digital elements are implemented are combined in a stacked structure.
- the main modules of the illustrated antenna assembly can be divided into six layers.
- the first layer includes a printed circuit board (PCB) 210 on which a calibration network is implemented, and a plurality of antenna elements 210 installed on the top thereof.
- the second layer consists of a plurality of filters 230, each filter 230 being electrically connected to signal lines of the RF feeding network on the first layer via an RF interface such as an RF connector.
- the third layer includes a PCB 240 in which analog processing circuitry such as a power amplifier (PA) is implemented.
- analog processing circuitry such as a power amplifier (PA) is implemented.
- PA power amplifier
- Each power amplifier included in the analog processing circuit is electrically connected to the corresponding filters 230 on the second layer through an RF interface.
- the analog processing circuitry is connected via a calibration network and an RF interface.
- the fourth layer includes a digital board 250 and a power supply unit (PSU) 250 in which digital processing circuits are implemented.
- the digital board 250 converts a digital signal received from a base station base band unit (BBU) into an analog RF signal, converts an analog RF signal received from an antenna into a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the base station BBU.
- BBU base station base band unit
- the digital board 250 is connected to the PCB 240 in which the analog processing circuit on the third layer is implemented through the RF interface.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an exemplary subassembly implementing first to second layers in the stack structure of FIG. 2.
- a plurality of sublayers corresponding to the first layer and a filter bank corresponding to the second layer are combined to form a subassembly of the antenna assembly.
- the first sub-layer includes a PCB in which an RF feeding network is implemented and a plurality of antenna elements installed on the top thereof.
- the second sub layer includes a reflector, and the third sub layer includes a PCB on which a calibration network is implemented.
- the first sub layer to the third sub layer constituting the first layer may be implemented as a multi-layer PCB.
- a filter bank incorporating a plurality of filters is fastened to sublayers.
- the filter bank is a structure for securing a mating connection and a fastening force of the plurality of filters, which inevitably increases the size of the subassembly.
- a calibration network is located between the antenna and the filter.
- the calibration network typically consists of a plurality of switches and is connected to RF couplers coupled to the back of each filter.
- the feed network and the filters are bound to connect via an RF connector (eg, a standardized RF interface such as a coaxial connector).
- the RF connector is also used for the RF interface between them.
- the MIMO antenna system illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 is composed of a plurality of layers, and each layer is connected to each other through an RF connector, and thus it is difficult to reduce weight and size.
- the present invention proposes a Massive MIMO antenna system having a slimmer and more compact laminated structure.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a laminated structure of a massive MIMO antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a massive MIMO antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention taking the stacked structure of
- FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a subassembly in which filters are coupled to a first PCB to which an antenna element is coupled according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention operates the calibration function at the front end of the filter 430 (that is, at the output end of the power amplifier), not at the front end of the antenna element 410.
- the phase deviation caused by the filter and antenna feeder lines can be managed at an acceptable level by producing / using filters with a fixed phase deviation.
- the calibration network located between the existing antenna element and the filter can be formed together with the power amplifier and the digital circuit on a single board, and a PCB with a feeding network is formed.
- the filter can be tightly attached to the lower part.
- the present invention manages the phase deviation caused by the filter and the antenna feeder line at an acceptable level, but takes a strategy of reducing the antenna assembly to a compact size.
- a calibration network is formed on one board 440 together with a power amplifier and a digital circuit.
- a power amplifier is formed on one board 440 together with a power amplifier and a digital circuit.
- the MIMO antenna assembly includes a first PCB 420 and a second PCB 440.
- An RF power supply network is formed in the first PCB 420.
- a plurality of antenna elements 410 are fastened to an upper surface of the first PCB 420 to be electrically connected to the RF power supply network, and a plurality of band pass filters 430 are tightly fastened to the lower surface to be electrically connected to the RF power supply network. do.
- At least one ground plane is formed in the first PCB 420, and the ground plane may function as a reflector for the plurality of antenna elements. That is, by using the ground plane formed on the first PCB 420 as a reflector, the separate reflector illustrated in FIG. 3 may be omitted.
- the second PCB 440 is formed with a digital processing circuit that performs baseband processing, an analog processing circuit that provides a plurality of transmit / receive (TX / RX) circuits, and a calibration network.
- the band pass filter 430 is electrically connected to the signal line of the first PCB 410 and is electrically connected to the signal line of the second PCB 440.
- the present invention proposes a new fastening structure between the filter and the PCB with improved size and assembly.
- the present invention proposes a fastening structure that can uniformly provide the fastening force necessary to secure the electrical characteristics of the plurality of filters, thereby minimizing the cumulative amount of assembly tolerances generated when the plurality of filters are assembled.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure in which a bandpass filter is connected to a PCB through an RF connector.
- an RF connector of a blind mating connector type is typically used.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a cavity filter with RF connectors 711 and 712 on the top and bottom surfaces, respectively.
- an RF connector female
- RF connector male
- RF connector female
- each cavity filter since each cavity filter is individually fastened to the PCB, assembly tolerances occur in RF characteristics due to the difference in the fastening force between the cavity filters.
- each cavity filter must be spaced apart from the PCB by the length (A) of the fastening structure 713 in consideration of the length of the assembly of the RF connectors, inevitably increases in size.
- a very complicated hardware structure eg, a structure in which a filter is embedded in a separate assembly case such as the filter bank illustrated in FIG. 3 is required.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the structure of a cavity filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure in which a cavity filter is connected to a first PCB and a second PCB according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 9, to avoid confusion, the internal structure of the cavity filter is omitted.
- the cavity filter includes a first input / output port 810 and a second input / output port 860.
- the first input and output port 810 is disposed on the upper surface (eg, cover) of the cavity filter, and the second input and output port 860 is disposed on the lower surface of the cavity filter.
- these input / output ports 810 and 860 are configured with a pin structure and are different from standardized RF interfaces such as coaxial connectors.
- the first input / output port 810 is configured as a fin structure inserted into an opening section formed on an upper surface of the cavity filter.
- the fin structure includes a conductive fin 811 and an insulating bush 812.
- the conductive pin 811 penetrates through the insulating bush 812 and protrudes from the insulating bush 812.
- the fin structure is inserted into the opening to seal the opening.
- a portion of the conductive pin 811 protrudes from the top surface of the cavity filter.
- a plurality of fastening grooves 820a to 820c fastened by the first PCB and the bolt are formed on the upper surface of the cavity filter.
- the cavity filter is tightly coupled to the bottom surface of the first PCB 420 in which a feeding network is formed.
- the first PCB 420 has a plurality of plated through holes 920 connected to the power feeding network.
- the cavity filter is fastened in close contact with the bottom surface of the first PCB 420 with a portion of the conductive pin 811 inserted into the through hole 820 formed in the first PCB 420.
- a soldering process may be performed on the contact portion between the conductive pin 811 and the through hole 920.
- the cavity filter needs to be coupled to the upper surface of the second PCB 440 at a predetermined distance.
- an opening is formed in the protrusion 850 protruding in the height direction on the lower surface of the filter.
- the fin structure 860 coupled with the conductive pin 861 and the bush 862 is inserted into an opening formed in the protrusion 850 to seal the opening.
- the protrusion 850 having the opening is formed with an insertion portion 851 for accommodating a socket mounted on a second PCB to be described later.
- the lower surface of the filter is formed with a fastening groove 840 is fastened by the structure and the bolt formed in the second PCB 440.
- the cavity filter is coupled to the upper surface of the second PCB 440 on which the RF circuit is formed.
- a socket 950 is surface mounted on the top surface of the second PCB 440.
- the socket 950 includes a hole into which the second coaxial pin 861 of the cavity filter is inserted and at least one contact pin 951 electrically contacting the conductive pin 861 inserted into the hole.
- the conductive pin 861 is inserted into the hole of the socket 950.
- the upper surface of the cavity filter and the second PCB 440 is spaced apart by the height of the protrusion 850 formed on the lower surface of the cavity filter.
- the height of the protrusion 850 is designed in consideration of the size of the elements mounted on the upper surface of the second PCB 440, and the separation distance between the cavity filter and the second PCB 440 is lower than that of the connection structure using the RF connector of FIG. Decrease significantly.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure in which a cavity filter is connected to a first PCB and a second PCB according to another embodiment of the present invention. Note that in FIG. 10, the internal structure of the cavity filter is omitted to avoid confusion.
- the first input / output port is configured with a fin structure inserted into an opening section formed in an upper surface of the cavity filter.
- the pin structure includes a spring pin connector and an insulating bush 1014.
- the spring pin connector has a cylindrical conductive barrel 1012 which penetrates the insulating bush 1014 and protrudes from the insulating bush 1014, a conductive plunger 1011 at least partially inserted into the barrel 1012, And a spring 1013 disposed in the barrel 1012 to support the plunger 1011.
- the fin structure is inserted into the opening to seal the opening.
- a portion of the plunger 1011 protrudes from the top surface of the cavity filter and is configured to be pushed into the barrel barrel 1212 by pressing pressure (eg, as it adheres to the first PCB 420).
- the cavity filter is tightly coupled to the bottom surface of the first PCB 420 in which a feeding network is formed.
- the first PCB 420 has a plurality of contact pads (not shown) connected to the power feeding network.
- the cavity filter is in close contact with the bottom surface of the first PCB 420 while the head of the plunger 1011 is in contact with the contact pad formed in the first PCB 420.
- a portion of the plunger 1011 is pushed into the barrel 1012 of the cylinder as the upper surface of the cavity filter is in close contact with the first PCB 420.
- a spring 1013 inside barrel 1012 provides a suitable contact pressure between the head of the plunger 1011 and the contact pad.
- the second I / O port consists of a fin structure inserted into an opening section formed in the upper surface of the cavity filter.
- the pin structure includes a spring pin connector and an insulating bush 1054.
- the spring pin connector has a cylindrical barrel 1052 protruding from the insulating bush 1054 through the insulating bush 1054, a plunger 1051 at least partially inserted into the barrel 1052, and a barrel 1052. ) And a spring 1053 disposed within and supporting the plunger 1051.
- a socket 1060 is surface mounted on the top surface of the second PCB 440.
- a contact pad 1061 is formed on the upper surface of the socket 1060 to be electrically connected to the transceiver circuit.
- the cavity filter is coupled with the second PCB 440 with the head of the plunger 1051 of the second input / output port being in contact with the contact pad 1061 formed in the second PCB 440.
- the cavity filter and the top surface of the second PCB 440 are spaced apart by the height of the socket 1060 mounted in the second PCB 440.
- a protrusion protruding in the height direction may be formed on the lower surface of the filter, and a spring pin connector may be located in the opening formed in the protrusion. At least a portion of the socket mounted on the second PCB 440 may be inserted into an opening formed in the protrusion.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure in which a cavity filter is connected to a first PCB and a second PCB according to another embodiment of the present invention. 11 also, the internal structure of the cavity filter is omitted in order to avoid confusion.
- the first input / output port includes a fin structure inserted into an opening section formed on an upper surface of the cavity filter.
- the fin structure includes an insulating bush 1113, a conductive pin 1111 penetrating through the insulating bush 1113, and protruding from the insulating bush 1113, and a conductive pin fixed perpendicularly to the distal end of the conductive pin 1111.
- a conductive rod 1112. The conductive rod 1112 is bent so that its ends protrude from the top surface of the filter.
- the cavity filter is tightly coupled to the bottom surface of the first PCB 420 in which a feeding network is formed. Similar to the embodiment of FIG.
- the first PCB 420 is formed with a plurality of contact pads (not shown) connected to the power feeding network.
- the cavity filter is fastened in close contact with the bottom surface of the first PCB 420 with the end of the conductive rod 1052 being in contact with the contact pad formed in the first PCB 420.
- the conductive rod 1112 is bent to the lower side of the filter as the upper surface of the cavity filter is in close contact with the first PCB 420.
- the conductive rod 1112 preferably has an elastic force to provide an appropriate contact pressure with the contact pad.
- the second I / O port consists of a fin structure inserted into an opening section formed in the upper surface of the cavity filter.
- the fin structure includes an insulating bush 1153 inserted into the opening, a conductive pin 1151 penetrating through the insulating bush 1153, and protruding from the insulating bush 1153, and perpendicular to the ends of the conductive pin 1151.
- a conductive rod 1152 fixed with a. The conductive rod 1152 is bent in the middle to protrude from the bottom surface of the filter.
- a socket 1160 is surface mounted on the top surface of the second PCB 440.
- a contact pad 1161 is formed on the upper surface of the socket 1160 to be electrically connected to the transceiver circuit.
- the cavity filter is coupled with the second PCB 440 with the end of the conductive rod 1152 of the second input / output port being in contact with the contact pad 1161 formed in the second PCB 440.
- the cavity filter and the top surface of the second PCB 440 are spaced apart by the height of the socket 1160 mounted in the second PCB 440.
- protrusions protruding in the height direction may be formed on the lower surface of the filter, and pin structures may be located in the openings formed in the protrusions. At least a portion of the socket mounted on the second PCB 440 may be inserted into an opening formed in the protrusion.
- the structures of the first input / output port and the second input / output port of the cavity filter illustrated in FIGS. 9 to 11 may be used in combination as necessary.
- the cavity filter may have a structure of a first input / output port illustrated in FIG. 9 and a structure of a second input / output port illustrated in FIG. 10 or 11.
- the cavity filters may be separately assembled to the lower surface of the first PCB 420 and the upper surface of the second PCB 440, but a large variation in RF characteristics may occur due to the fastening force difference between the cavity filters.
- the present invention proposes an assembly method capable of minimizing the accumulation amount of assembly tolerances generated when assembling a plurality of filters and a structure capable of uniformly transmitting the clamping force necessary to secure the electrical characteristics of the filter.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged view illustrating an enlarged view of filter assemblies and a portion at which a filter is coupled to a push bar, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a view illustrating a state in which filter assemblies are assembled in a first PCB according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the filter assembly includes a push bar 1210 and a set of filters assembled in line to the push bar 1210.
- the filter is formed with a step 1250 to receive the push bar 1210.
- the stepped part 1250 has a shape in which one side of the filter is cut at right angles.
- the stepped part 1250 is provided with fastening holes 1253 into which the insertion protrusions 1251a and 1251b and the bolt are inserted.
- the push bars 1210 are formed with insertion grooves (not shown) into which the insertion protrusions 1251a and 1251b of each filter are inserted, and are inserted between the insertion grooves (not shown) by respective cavity filters and bolts.
- a plurality of fastening grooves (not shown) to be fastened are formed.
- the push bar 1210 has two or more insertion protrusions 1211a and 1211b inserted into insertion holes (not shown) formed in the first PCB.
- the insertion protrusions 1211a and 1211b of the push bar 1210 are inserted into the insertion holes (not shown) of the first PCB, the conductive pins of the group of filters assembled to the push bar 1210 as illustrated in FIG. 10. It is inserted into the through holes formed in the first PCB. 13 shows an exemplary shape in which four filter assemblies are assembled to a first PCB.
- a plurality of fastening holes 1212a and 1212b are formed to be fastened by the structure of the second PCB and the bolts.
- the push bar 1210 is connected to the second PCB. It is bolted to the structure and can provide a uniform clamping force to a group of filters assembled to the push bar 1210. If the push bar 1210 is bent, it is difficult to transfer a uniform load or clamping force to each filter, so the push bar 1210 should have a certain level or more of rigidity.
- the method of fastening the filter to the PCB by using the push bar 1210 minimizes the accumulation of tolerances when the filters are coupled to the PCB, adjusts the tolerances consistently, and provides stable blind mating with the antenna and the RF transceiver circuit. Makes it possible.
- an apparatus and an assembly structure required for the filter are not required separately.
- the antenna assembly can also be contributed to simplifying the assembly process.
- the structure for the unique electrical connection between the filter and the PCB proposed by the present invention does not require a coaxial connector or RF cabling, and the unique fastening structure between the PCB and the filter assembly proposed by the present invention is a filter for each filter.
- the push bars can be used to fasten the filters to the PCB, allowing easy disassembly of the antenna assembly or filter assembly. It is easy to replace the faulty antenna.
- each TX / RX path has a deviation. Have. Compensating for this deviation is called beamforming calibration in the radio module.
- the present invention proposes a method of temporally split-sharing the same RF path in TX and RX calibration using characteristics of a MIMO antenna system operating in a time division duplex (TDD) scheme. do.
- TDD time division duplex
- TX calibration the variation of RF characteristics (phase / amplitude / delay, etc.) between each transmission path is calculated based on a correlation calculation between the feedback signal captured at the rear end of the transmission path and the transmitted signal using the magnetic transmission signal. Measure and perform TX calibration to compensate for the measured deviation.
- a pilot signal is inserted into each reception path, and RF characteristics (phase / amplitude / delay) between the reception paths are based on a correlation operation between the pilot signal and the signal output at the rear end of the reception path.
- Etc. Measure the deviation and perform an RX calibration that compensates for the measured deviation.
- This calibration algorithm itself is substantially the same as that disclosed in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0063177 (Publication No. 10-2016-0132166) filed by the applicant. The disclosures of the above Korean patent applications are all incorporated herein by reference.
- FIGS. 14, 15A, and 15B an exemplary circuit configuration and signal connection of a massive MIMO antenna assembly will be described with reference to FIGS. 14, 15A, and 15B.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram illustrating the function of a massive MIMO antenna assembly according to the present invention.
- a digital processing circuit for performing baseband processing an analog processing circuit divided into a plurality of transmission / reception modules, and a calibration network are formed in the second PCB.
- Each transmit / receive module is connected via an RF interface to a bandpass filter connected to an antenna element.
- TX / RX calibration according to one embodiment of the present invention is performed on the filter front end.
- a calibration H / W (eg, a calibration network) can be realized by utilizing a free space on the second PCB on which the RF transceiver circuit and the like are formed.
- the complexity and connection at 2PCB is reduced, resulting in spatial gain and material cost savings.
- FIG. 15A illustrates a transmission / reception module in which no SPDT switch exists between the RF IC and the RF devices
- FIG. 15B illustrates a transmission / reception module in which an SPDT switch exists between the RF IC and the RF devices.
- each transmit / receive module includes a plurality of RF elements and an RF IC for providing a transmission path and a reception path for a corresponding antenna element.
- the RF IC includes an up converter for up-converting a baseband digital transmission signal received from a digital processing circuit to a transmission frequency and a D / conversion for converting the up-converted digital transmission signal into an analog RF transmission signal.
- a converter may be included.
- the up converter and the D / A converter form part of the transmission path.
- the RF IC may include an A / D converter that converts an analog RF received signal into a digital received signal, and a down converter that converts the digital received signal into a baseband digital received signal.
- the A / D converter and the down converter form part of the reception path.
- the RF down converter down converts the received received signal to baseband, and the A / D converter converts the baseband signal into a digital signal.
- the baseband digital signal is sent to a digital processing circuit.
- Each transmission path further includes a power amplifier (PA), a circulator and a directional coupler.
- Each receive path further includes a low noise amplifier (LNA).
- a circulator is installed at the connection portion between the transmission path and the reception path.
- the received signal that is, the uplink RF signal
- the received signal that is, the uplink RF signal
- the transmission signal (downlink RF signal) input from the power amplifier to the circulator is transmitted to the filter side.
- SPDT switches that function as TDD switches.
- One terminal of the SPDT switch is connected with a terminating resistor to minimize changes in Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) characteristics.
- VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
- the SPDT switch When the transmit / receive module operates in transmit mode (ie, in the downlink time interval), the SPDT switch connects the circulator to the terminating resistor. When the transmit / receive module operates in the receive mode (ie, in the uplink time interval), the SPDT switch connects the circulator to the LNA.
- the SPDT switch 1510 is further included in the transmission path TX0 of the specific transmission / reception module.
- the reception path RX1 of the specific transmission / reception module further includes an SPDT switch 1560 after the low noise amplifier (LNA).
- LNA low noise amplifier
- the calibration network (which may be referred to as a 'matrix switch') consists of a plurality of switches that take a tree structure.
- the highest switch SPDT is connected to the SPDT switch 1510 included in the specific transmission path among the plurality of transmission paths, and is also connected to the SPDT switch 1560 included in the specific reception path among the plurality of reception paths.
- the lowest switches SP4T are connected to an SPDT switch connected to a directional RF coupler located at the rear of the power amplifier on the plurality of transmission paths.
- 16 is a diagram for explaining signal flow in TX calibration.
- the analog RF signal (i.e., transmit signal) transmitted from the RFIC to each transmission path is captured by a directional coupler behind the power amplifier.
- the analog RF signal transmitted to the transmission path TX0 is captured by the directional coupler, and the captured signal CAL # 0 is input to the lowest switch of the calibration network.
- the LNA of the reception path RX1 is OFF.
- the downlink RF signal transmitted to the transmission path TX1 is captured by the directional coupler behind the power amplifier, and the captured signal CAL # 1 is input to the lowest switch of the calibration network.
- the captured signal CAL # 1 is transmitted to the RF IC through the SPDT switch 1560 located on the specific receive path RX1 through the top switch of the calibration network.
- the captured signal passes through an A / D converter and a down converter for the specific reception path RX1, which is included in the RF IC, and then a correlation operation with a corresponding original transmission signal is applied and used for calibration.
- the specific TX calibration algorithm is substantially the same as that disclosed in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0063177 (Publication No. 10-2016-0132166).
- the transmission path when the transmission path is ON (i.e., in the downlink time interval), the reception path must be kept in the OFF state. do.
- a RU (Pilot) signal is inserted to determine RF characteristics such as delay, phase, and gain of the reception paths.
- the pilot signal may be inserted in-band or out-of-band in the RX band. However, it is more appropriate to insert a pilot signal into a band in order to accurately detect amplitude and phase in real time even while the main signal of each reception path is received.
- 'inserted in-band' means that the frequency band allowed for receiving the uplink RF signal is inserted outside the band actually used for transmitting and receiving the uplink RF signal.
- the inserted pilot signal is removed by the digital filter in the digital domain, so it does not affect the reception modem performance.
- the pilot signal is inserted into the RX filter output terminal. If the RX filter removes the pilot signal, the pilot element does not emit radiation by the antenna element. Therefore, on-service calibration, that is, calibration can be performed in real time while the antenna system is operating.
- 17 is a diagram for explaining signal flow in RX calibration.
- RX CAL, CAL # 0, CAL # 1, CAL # 2 ... all refer to pilot signals used for RX calibration.
- the pilot signal transmitted from the RFIC to the transceiver circuit is denoted as "RX CAL”
- the pilot signal output from the lowest switch of the calibration network is " CAL # 0, CAL # 1, CAL # 2 ... ".
- a pilot signal "RX CAL" used to calibrate each reception path is input to a specific transmission path TX0 from an RFIC.
- the pilot signal " RX CAL " input to the specific transmission path TX0 is transmitted to the top switch of the calibration network through the SPDT switch 1360 located in front of the power amplifier.
- the reception paths to which the pilot signal is inserted are selected by the switches included in the calibration network.
- the pilot signal is inserted into the reception path through which the received signal is transmitted by the directional coupler located on the selected reception path, and finally delivered to the RFIC corresponding to the selected reception path.
- the pilot signal "CAL # 0" is transmitted to the RF IC through the circulator, the SPDT switch and the LNA along with the reception signal.
- the pilot signal (“CAL # 1") is transmitted to the RF IC through the circulator, the SPDT switch and the LNA along with the received signal.
- the pilot signal together with the received signal passes through an A / D converter and a down converter for the corresponding receive path provided in each RF IC, and is then separated from the received signal through a digital filter.
- the separated pilot signal is used for calibration by applying a correlation operation to the pilot signal "RX CAL" input to a specific transmission path TX0.
- the specific RX calibration algorithm is substantially the same as that disclosed in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0063177 (Publication No. 10-2016-0132166).
- the calibration method proposed by the present invention can perform calibration in real time while operating in a time division duplex (TDD) antenna.
- TDD time division duplex
- it performs TX / RX calibration with one calibration H / W configuration and can perform calibration in real time while the antenna system is operating.
- the up converter or the down converter for the transmission signal and the reception signal there is no need for a separate up converter or down converter for performing TX calibration and RX calibration. That is, a down converter for a reception signal of a specific reception path is used for down conversion of a captured transmission signal, and an up converter for a transmission signal of a specific transmission path is used for up conversion of a pilot signal to be inserted into each reception path.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a fixed phase deviation of filters and antenna feeder lines.
- the calibration function was applied to the front end of the filter (ie, the output stage of the power amplifier), not to the front end of the antenna element. That is, a magnetic transmission signal was captured at the front of the filter, and a pilot signal was inserted at the front of the filter.
- the fixed RF deviation (especially phase deviation) of each filter and antenna feeder lines is inevitably excluded from the real time deviation measurement.
- these previously measured fixed RF deviations are offset in each transmission path and each receiving path deviation measured in real time.
- Calibration is performed by including (offset) value. That is, after the RF deviations of the plurality of previously measured band pass filters and the antenna feeder lines are included as offset values in the deviations between the transmission paths, calibration of each transmission path may be performed. In addition, after the RF deviations of the plurality of previously measured band pass filters and the antenna feeder lines are included as offset values in the deviations between the reception paths, calibration of each reception path may be performed. Note that the phase deviation caused by the filter and antenna feeder lines can be managed at an acceptable level by producing / using filters with a fixed phase deviation.
- the calibration method proposed by the present invention also applies to the structure applied to the front end of the antenna, that is, the structure in which the lowest switches of the calibration network are coupled to the front end of the antenna. Applicable.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 레이돔;배면에 히트싱크가 형성된 하우징; 및상기 레이돔과 상기 하우징 사이에 내장된 적층 구조의 안테나 어셈블리를 포함하는 MIMO 안테나 시스템으로서, 상기 안테나 어셈블리는,급전 네트워크(Feeding network)가 형성된 제1인쇄회로기판(Printed Circuit Board; PCB);상기 제1인쇄회로기판의 상기 레이돔에 대향하는 상부 면에 설치되고 상기 급전 네트워크에 전기적으로 연결된 복수의 안테나 소자;상기 제1인쇄회로기판의 하부 면에 배치되고 상기 급전 네트워크에 전기적으로 연결된 복수의 대역통과필터를 포함하는 필터 어셈블리; 및상기 하우징에 대면하여 배치된 제2인쇄회로기판으로서, 상기 복수의 대역통과필터와 전기적으로 연결된 복수의 송수신회로가 형성된 제2인쇄회로기판을 포함하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2인쇄회로기판에는,상기 복수의 송수신회로와 전기적으로 연결되어 기저대역 신호의 디지털 프로세싱을 수행하는 디지털 회로가 추가로 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 복수의 대역통과필터는 상기 제1인쇄회로기판에 밀착하여 체결된 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,각 대역통과필터는 RF 케이블링 없이 상기 급전 네트워크와 직접 연결되는 제1포트를 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 제1인쇄회로기판에는 상기 급전 네트워크에 전기적으로 연결된 복수의 쓰루 홀(Through hole)이 형성되어 있으며,각 대역통과필터의 제1포트는 내부의 중공(cavity)으로부터 연장되어 상부 면으로부터 돌출된 도전성의 핀(pin)을 구비하고, 각 대역통과필터는 상기 도전성의 핀의 일부분이 상기 제1인쇄회로기판에 형성된 상기 쓰루 홀에 삽입된 채로 상기 제1인쇄회로기판에 밀착 체결된 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 제1인쇄회로기판에는 상기 급전 네트워크와 연결된 복수의 접촉 패드(contact pad)가 형성되어 있으며,각 대역통과필터의 제1포트는 내부의 중공(cavity)에 전기적으로 연결되고 상부 면으로부터 돌출된 도전성의 플런저(plunger)를 구비하고, 각 대역통과필터는 상기 도전성의 플런저의 일부분이 상기 제1인쇄회로기판에 형성된 상기 접촉 패드에 접촉한 채로 상기 제1인쇄회로기판에 밀착 체결된 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 제1인쇄회로기판에는 상기 급전 네트워크와 연결된 복수의 접촉 패드(contact pad)가 형성되어 있으며,각 대역통과필터의 제1포트는 내부의 중공(cavity)으로부터 연장되어 상부 면으로부터 돌출된 도전성 핀(conductive pin) 및 상기 도전성 핀의 말단에 수직방향으로 고정된 도전성 로드(conductive rod)를 구비하고, 각 대역통과필터는 상기 도전성 로드의 일부분이 상기 제1인쇄회로기판에 형성된 상기 접촉 패드에 접촉한 채로 상기 제1인쇄회로기판에 밀착 체결된 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 필터 어셈블리는,상기 제2인쇄회로기판에 체결되는 푸시 바(push bar)에 상기 복수의 대역통과필터들이 일렬로 조립된 것임을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 제2인쇄회로기판과 체결된 상기 푸시 바는,각 대역통과필터가 균일한 힘으로 상기 제2인쇄회로기판에 결합되도록, 각 대역통과필터에 균일한 압력을 제공하는 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,각 대역통과필터는,RF 케이블링 없이 상기 송수신회로와 직접 연결되는 제2포트를 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제2인쇄회로기판의 상부 면에는 상기 복수의 송수신회로와 연결된 복수의 RF 소켓(Socket)이 실장되어 있으며,각 대역통과필터의 제2포트는 하부 면으로부터 돌출되고 중심에 상기 RF 소켓이 삽입되는 홈이 형성된 돌출부 및 내부의 중공으로부터 연장되어 상기 돌출부에 형성된 상기 홈을 관통하는 도전성 핀을 구비하고,각 대역통과필터는 상기 도전성 핀의 일부분이 상기 RF 소켓에 형성된 홀에 삽입된 채로 상기 제2인쇄회로기판에 결합된 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제2인쇄회로기판의 상부 면에는 상기 송수신회로와 전기적으로 연결된 접촉 패드(contact pad)가 형성된 복수의 구조물이 실장되어 있으며,각 대역통과필터의 제2포트는 내부의 중공(cavity)으로부터 연장되어 하부 면으로부터 돌출된 도전성 플런저(plunger)를 구비하고,각 대역통과필터는 상기 도전성 플런저의 일부분이 상기 접촉 패드(contact pad)에 접촉된 채로 상기 제2인쇄회로기판에 결합된 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제2인쇄회로기판의 상부 면에는 상기 송수신회로와 전기적으로 연결된 접촉 패드(contact pad)가 형성된 복수의 구조물이 실장되어 있으며,각 대역통과필터의 제2포트는 내부의 중공(cavity)으로부터 연장되어 하부 면으로부터 돌출된 도전성 핀(conductive pin) 및 상기 도전성 핀의 말단에 수직방향으로 고정된 도전성 로드(conductive rod)를 구비하고,각 대역통과필터는 상기 도전성 로드의 일부분이 상기 접촉 패드(contact pad)에 접촉된 채로 상기 제2인쇄회로기판에 결합된 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2인쇄회로기판에는,복수의 스위치가 트리 구조로 연결된 캘리브레이션 회로가 추가로 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1인쇄회로기판에는 적어도 하나의 접지면(Ground plane)이 형성되어 있으며, 상기 접지면은 복수의 안테나 소자들에 대해 반사판(Reflector) 대용으로 기능하는 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 시스템.
- 적층 구조의 MIMO 안테나 어셈블리로서,급전 네트워크(Feeding network)가 형성된 제1인쇄회로기판(Printed Circuit Board; PCB);상기 제1인쇄회로기판의 상부 면에 설치되고 상기 급전 네트워크와 연결된 복수의 안테나 소자;상기 제1인쇄회로기판의 하부 면에 배치되고 상기 급전 네트워크와 연결된 복수의 대역통과필터를 포함하는 필터 어셈블리; 및상기 제1인쇄회로기판의 하부에 배치되고, 상기 복수의 대역통과필터와 연결된 복수의 송수신회로, 상기 복수의 송수신회로와 연결되어 기저대역 신호의 디지털 프로세싱을 수행하는 디지털 회로 및 복수의 스위치가 트리 구조로 연결된 캘리브레이션 회로가 형성된 제2인쇄회로기판을 포함하는 MIMO 안테나 어셈블리.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 제2인쇄회로기판에는,상기 복수의 송수신회로와 연결되어 기저대역 신호의 디지털 프로세싱을 수행하는 디지털 회로가 추가로 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 어셈블리.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 제2인쇄회로기판에는,복수의 스위치가 트리 구조로 연결된 캘리브레이션 회로가 추가로 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 어셈블리.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 복수의 대역통과필터는,RF 케이블링 없이 상기 급전 네트워크와 직접 연결되는 제1포트를 구비하고, 상기 제1인쇄회로기판에 밀착하여 체결된 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 어셈블리.
- 제16항에 있어서,각 대역통과필터는 RF 케이블링 없이 상기 송수신회로와 직접 연결되는 제2포트를 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는, MIMO 안테나 어셈블리.
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| CN201780070521.6A CN109952715B (zh) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | 叠层结构的mimo天线组合体 |
| EP17872290.6A EP3544204B1 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Mimo antenna assembly of laminated structure |
| FIEP17872290.6T FI3544204T3 (fi) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Laminaattirakenteinen mimo-antennikokoonpano |
| CN202111063705.4A CN113872707B (zh) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | 叠层结构的mimo天线组合体 |
| JP2019525742A JP6793256B2 (ja) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | 積層構造のmimoアンテナアセンブリ |
| EP21171645.1A EP3883140B1 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Mimo antenna assembly having stacked structure |
| US16/412,426 US11088731B2 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2019-05-15 | MIMO antenna assembly having stacked structure |
| US17/367,364 US11831364B2 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2021-07-04 | MIMO antenna assembly having stacked structure |
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| KR1020170028442A KR101854309B1 (ko) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-06 | Mimo 안테나 어셈블리 |
| KR1020170028434A KR101855139B1 (ko) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-06 | Mimo 안테나에서의 캘리브레이션 |
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| KR1020170028430A KR101855133B1 (ko) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-06 | 적층구조의 mimo 안테나 어셈블리 |
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| US16/412,426 Continuation US11088731B2 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2019-05-15 | MIMO antenna assembly having stacked structure |
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| WO2018093176A2 true WO2018093176A2 (ko) | 2018-05-24 |
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| WO2020232564A1 (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-26 | 罗森伯格技术(昆山)有限公司 | 一种Massive MIMO天线组件及其分模块测试方法 |
| CN112152691A (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种滤波天线及基站设备 |
| JP7416915B2 (ja) | 2019-08-30 | 2024-01-17 | 華為技術有限公司 | アンテナ較正装置およびアンテナ較正方法 |
| US12028118B2 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2024-07-02 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Antenna calibration apparatus and antenna calibration method |
| JP2022545932A (ja) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-11-01 | 華為技術有限公司 | アンテナ較正装置およびアンテナ較正方法 |
| CN115836440A (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2023-03-21 | 株式会社Kmw | 天线装置 |
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|---|---|
| WO2018093176A3 (ko) | 2018-08-09 |
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