WO2018100919A1 - 銅合金線材及び銅合金線材の製造方法 - Google Patents
銅合金線材及び銅合金線材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018100919A1 WO2018100919A1 PCT/JP2017/037975 JP2017037975W WO2018100919A1 WO 2018100919 A1 WO2018100919 A1 WO 2018100919A1 JP 2017037975 W JP2017037975 W JP 2017037975W WO 2018100919 A1 WO2018100919 A1 WO 2018100919A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, wire, rods, tubes or like semi-manufactured products by drawing
- B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/005—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of wire
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/0016—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550°C
- B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a copper alloy wire and a method for producing a copper alloy wire.
- Coils with multiple layers of insulation-coated wire are used for microspeakers, etc., and the sound is generated when the coils vibrate with current.
- the ends of the wire forming the coil are fixed to the speaker terminals by caulking or soldering.
- the coil part itself is fixed with a fusing agent, the wire rod between the end part and the coil part vibrates due to the vibration of the coil. At that time, if the vibration durability of the wire is low, there is a problem that the wire is broken, so that the wire needs high vibration durability.
- a copper alloy wire containing silver has been used as a wire used for a coil. This is because the copper alloy wire containing silver has a property that the strength is improved by the appearance of the silver added to the copper as crystal precipitates, and generally the conductivity decreases when the additive element is dissolved in the copper. On the other hand, even if silver is added to copper, the decrease in conductivity is small.
- a copper alloy wire excellent in vibration durability for example, a Cu—Ag alloy wire in which the area ratio of a crystal precipitate in which the maximum length of a straight line for cutting the crystal precipitate is 100 nm or less is 100% Is known (Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made paying attention to the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a copper alloy wire excellent in vibration durability and heat resistance and a method for producing the copper alloy wire.
- a copper alloy wire which includes Ag: 0.5 wt% or more and 6 wt% or less, the remainder is made of inevitable impurities and Cu, and is a cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire.
- the width perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is 0.2 ⁇ m and the longitudinal direction is within a range of 1.7 ⁇ m in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and 2.3 ⁇ m in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction.
- At least one rectangular range having a length parallel to the diameter of 2.3 ⁇ m and containing 5 or more second phase particles including Ag and having a maximum longitudinal length of less than 300 nm.
- a copper alloy wire characterized by the above is provided.
- a molten metal containing Ag: 0.5 wt% or more and 6 wt% or less, with the balance being inevitable impurities and Cu is cast at a cooling rate of 500 ° C./s or more, and a copper alloy is cast.
- a heat treatment step of heat-treating with copper is
- a copper alloy wire excellent in vibration durability and heat resistance and a method for producing the copper alloy wire are provided.
- the copper alloy wire according to the present embodiment is a wire used for a coil such as a micro speaker.
- the wire diameter d [mm] which is the diameter of the copper alloy wire, is preferably 0.01 mm or more and 0.32 mm or less.
- the copper alloy wire contains Ag: 0.5 wt% or more and 6 wt% or less, and the balance consists of inevitable impurities and Cu. Since Ag exists as a solid solution state in the parent phase copper or a second phase state containing Ag, solid solution strengthening or dispersion strengthening is exhibited.
- the second phase is a crystal having a different crystal structure from the parent phase of copper, and is composed of a compound containing Ag or a single phase.
- the Ag content is less than 0.5 wt%, the effect of solid solution strengthening or dispersion strengthening cannot be obtained sufficiently, and the tensile strength and vibration durability are lowered.
- the Ag content is more than 6.0 wt%, the electrical conductivity decreases.
- the Ag content exceeds 6.0 wt%, the raw material cost also increases.
- the Ag content is 0.5 wt% or more and 6.0 wt% or less with respect to the required strength and conductivity. By adjusting within the range, desired characteristics can be obtained.
- the copper alloy wire may be one selected from the group consisting of Mg: more than 0 wt. 1 wt.%, Cr: more than 0 wt. 1 wt.%, And Zr: more than 0 wt. Two or more elements may further be included. Since Mg, Cr, and Zr mainly exist in a solid solution state in the parent phase copper or in a second phase state together with Ag, they exhibit solid solution strengthening or dispersion strengthening in the same manner as Ag. When Mg, Cr, and Zr are contained together with Ag, they exist as a secondary phase of a ternary system or higher, such as a Cu—Ag—Zr system, and contribute to dispersion strengthening.
- Mg, Cr and Zr exhibit sufficient performance as dispersion strengthening when the content in the copper alloy wire is large. However, if the content of Mg, Cr and Zr exceeds 1 wt%, the conductivity will be too low. For this reason, it is desirable that the upper limit of the content of Mg, Cr and Zr is 1 wt%. Furthermore, it is desirable that the upper limit of the content of Mg, Cr and Zr is 0.5 wt%.
- the copper alloy wire contains second phase particles containing Ag on a cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction.
- the second phase particles are arranged linearly along the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire.
- the copper alloy wire has a longitudinal length of the copper alloy wire within a range of 1.7 ⁇ m in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and 2.3 ⁇ m in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction on a cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction. Own at least one rectangular area that completely contains 5 or more second phase particles with a maximum length in the direction of less than 300 nm. This rectangular range is a range in which the width orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is 0.2 ⁇ m and the length parallel to the longitudinal direction is 2.3 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction of a copper alloy wire.
- a rectangular frame shown by a solid line in FIG. 1 is a direction having a length of 2.3 ⁇ m in the longitudinal direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1) and orthogonal to the longitudinal direction on a cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire.
- a rectangular range having a length of 1.7 ⁇ m is shown in the vertical direction of FIG.
- a white area in a rectangular frame indicates a copper matrix.
- a plurality of circular regions with hatching indicate the second phase particles C1 to C10.
- the rectangular area shown with a broken line becomes the above-mentioned rectangular range.
- This rectangular range has a width perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire of 0.2 ⁇ m, a length parallel to the longitudinal direction of 2.3 ⁇ m, and a maximum length of the copper alloy wire in the longitudinal direction of less than 300 nm. Completely contain 5 or more biphasic particles. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of further improving vibration durability, it is preferable that 10 or more second phase particles having a maximum length in the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire of less than 300 nm are completely contained in the rectangular range. By doing in this way, it becomes possible to make the vibration durability in 20 degreeC 20 million times or more.
- the upper limit of the number of second phase particles included in the rectangular range and having a maximum length in the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire less than 300 nm is not limited, but the number of the second phase particles and the parent phase is too large. Peeling occurs at the interface with the wire, increasing the possibility of disconnection. Moreover, since there are too many pieces and rigidity becomes high and wire wrinkles become strong, it is thought that it becomes difficult to handle at the time of manufacture. For this reason, it is desirable that this number be 33 or less.
- completely containing the second phase particles means that the second phase particles exist only in the rectangular range in the rectangular range on the cross section of the copper alloy wire.
- the maximum length in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire is larger than 0.2 ⁇ m, the second phase particles C11 exceeding the rectangular range, The second phase particles C12 that are partly arranged in a range exceeding the rectangular range are not included in the second phase particles that are completely included in the rectangular range.
- the length in the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire is 300 nm or more as in the second phase particles C13 in FIG.
- second phase particles that are completely contained within the rectangular area. Since the second phase particles having a length in the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire of 300 nm or more are too large, when the copper alloy wire vibrates, the strain may concentrate without being dispersed, and vibration durability May not contribute to the improvement of
- the dotted rectangular range is applied to It may be determined whether five or more two-phase particles are completely contained.
- a rectangular range may be set with the second phase particle present on the leftmost side of the tissue photograph as the center in the width direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1).
- a plurality of second phase particles may exist in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire.
- a rectangular range may be applied so that each second phase particle is the center in the width direction, and it may be determined whether or not five or more second phase particles are completely included in the rectangular range.
- the total of the maximum lengths in the longitudinal direction of five or more second phase particles that are completely included in the rectangular range is preferably 300 nm or more.
- ten second-phase particles C1 to C10 are included in the rectangular range indicated by a broken line.
- the maximum lengths of the second phase particles C1 to C10 in the longitudinal direction are the lengths a1 to a10, respectively.
- the total length of the lengths a1 to a10 is preferably 300 nm or more.
- the total of the maximum lengths in the longitudinal direction of the five or more second phase particles included in the rectangular range is more preferably 340 nm or more. By doing in this way, it becomes possible to make the vibration durability in 20 degreeC 20 million times or more.
- grains and a parent phase are because a total length is too long. Peeling occurs at the interface with the wire, increasing the possibility of disconnection. For this reason, the maximum length is desirably 1230 nm or less.
- the strain is blocked by the second phase particles, so that the strain is less likely to collect and the defects are less likely to expand.
- the regularity of the second phase particles makes it easier for the second phase particles to block, so the defects expand. It becomes difficult to do. That is, according to the copper alloy wire in which the second phase particles are arranged linearly along the longitudinal direction, the performance can be maintained up to a higher cycle. Furthermore, since this arrangement does not collapse even when exposed to a high temperature environment (for example, 80 ° C.), the performance can be maintained until a high cycle.
- the maximum length of the second phase particles in the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire should be as small as possible, and further, the second phase particles may be arranged continuously in the longitudinal direction. preferable. For the same reason, it is preferable that as many rows of second phase particles as possible in the longitudinal direction are formed in the copper alloy wire as much as possible. Further, the copper alloy wire preferably has a vibration durability count of 10 million times or more in a vibration test performed in a test environment of 80 ° C.
- a copper alloy wire is manufactured by sequentially performing a casting process, a wire drawing process, and a heat treatment process.
- an ingot of a copper alloy is manufactured by casting a molten metal having a component composition of the copper alloy wire described above (a casting process).
- raw materials such as copper (oxygen-free copper) and Ag are dissolved in advance so as to have the component composition of the copper alloy wire described above.
- dissolved is poured into the water-cooling type
- the average cooling rate from 1085 ° C. to 780 ° C. when casting the ingot is 500 ° C./s or more.
- the average cooling rate from 1085 ° C. to 780 ° C. to 500 ° C./s or more the temperature gradient at the time of solidification becomes larger, and finer columnar crystals appear, making it easy to disperse the crystallized product uniformly. it can.
- the average cooling rate is less than 500 ° C./s, uneven cooling is likely to occur and the crystallized product is likely to be non-uniform, and the arrangement in which the second phase particles after the subsequent heat treatment step are continuous in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction is also not possible. It becomes uniform and high vibration durability may not be satisfied.
- the average cooling rate is more than 1000 ° C./s, the cooling is too fast to replenish the molten metal, resulting in a material containing voids inside the ingot wire, increasing the possibility of disconnection during wire drawing.
- the average cooling rate from 1085 ° C. to 780 ° C. is preferably 1000 ° C./s or less.
- the cooling rate at the time of casting can be measured by setting a seed wire of about ⁇ 10 mm in which an R thermocouple is embedded at the start of casting, and recording the change in temperature when it is pulled out.
- the R thermocouple is embedded so as to be located at the center of the seed line.
- the drawing is started from the state in which the tip of the R thermocouple is immersed in the molten metal.
- the ingot of the copper alloy produced in the casting process is drawn to produce a wire having a predetermined cross-sectional dimension (drawing process).
- the wire drawing step the wire is processed into a final product size having a wire diameter d of 0.01 mm or more and 0.32 mm or less.
- the wire drawing has an effect of extending the crystal precipitate in the wire drawing direction, and it becomes possible to obtain a fibrous crystal precipitate.
- the processing rate cross-sectional reduction rate
- the final wire diameter of the copper alloy wire according to the present invention is preferably set to 0.15 mm or less in consideration of the recent demand for reducing the diameter.
- the processing rate of one pass at a wire diameter of less than 0.1 mm is not limited to the range of 10% to 30%. Rather, since the tension that can be endured at the time of wire drawing decreases as the wire diameter becomes thin, wire drawing may be performed at a processing rate of less than 10% when the wire diameter is less than 0.1 mm.
- crystals containing a large amount of Ag appearing during cooling to 780 ° C. in the casting process are called crystallized substances, and crystals containing a large amount of Ag appearing during cooling below 780 ° C. are called precipitates. Together are called crystal precipitates.
- a copper alloy wire is manufactured by heat-treating the wire manufactured in the wire drawing step (heat treatment step).
- the wire is heat treated at a heat treatment temperature of 300 ° C. or more and 370 ° C. or less and a holding time of 10 seconds or less.
- the heat treatment temperature is 300 ° C. or more and 370 ° C. or less and the holding time is 10 seconds or less
- the fibrous crystal precipitate formed in the wire drawing step is divided into a plurality of second phases, and the longitudinal direction of the wire Therefore, vibration durability can be improved.
- the heat treatment temperature is lower than 300 ° C., the fibrous crystal precipitate formed in the wire drawing step is not divided into a plurality of second phases.
- the ratio of large second phase particles increases.
- the rectangular range completely included does not exist, and the vibration durability is inferior.
- the holding time is longer than 10 seconds, the ratio of the large second phase particles is also increased.
- the range does not exist and vibration durability is inferior.
- the cooling rate in the casting process is 500 ° C./s or more
- the processing rate in the wire drawing process is 10% or more and 30% or less
- the heat treatment temperature in the heat treatment process is 300 ° C. or more and 370 ° C. or less
- the holding time is By setting it to 10 seconds or less, it becomes possible to arrange five or more second-phase particles containing Ag linearly in a rectangular range with these combinations.
- the present invention is limited to this example.
- the vibration durability increases as the number of rectangular ranges per area increases, the number of rectangular ranges present in the range of 1.7 ⁇ m ⁇ 2.3 ⁇ m may be two or more, for example.
- the number of the rectangular ranges existing within the range of 1.7 ⁇ m ⁇ 2.3 ⁇ m can be appropriately selected according to the desired vibration durability.
- the copper alloy wire according to one aspect of the present invention is a copper alloy wire, which includes Ag: 0.5 wt% or more and 6 wt% or less, and the balance is inevitable impurities and Cu, and the length of the copper alloy wire
- the width orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is 0.2 ⁇ m and the longitudinal direction is within a range of 1.7 ⁇ m in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and 2.3 ⁇ m in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction.
- Possesses at least one rectangular range having a length parallel to the direction of 2.3 ⁇ m and completely including five or more second-phase particles including Ag and having a maximum longitudinal length of less than 300 nm. .
- the tensile strength and vibration durability of the copper alloy wire can be improved by solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening.
- concentration of strain generated in repeated fatigue with a small load such as vibration is suppressed, and vibration durability is further improved.
- high vibration durability can be ensured even in a high temperature environment, heat resistance is also excellent.
- the total of the maximum lengths in the longitudinal direction of five or more second phase particles that are completely included in the rectangular range is 300 nm or more. According to the configuration of (2) above, since the total length of the second phase particles becomes longer, the strain is easily blocked by the second phase particles, so that the defects are less likely to expand and vibration durability is improved. It can be improved further.
- the number of vibration durability in a vibration test performed in a test environment at 80 ° C. is 10 million times or more.
- the coil used for the microspeaker has sufficient vibration durability.
- the wire diameter is 0.01 mm or more and 0.32 mm or less. According to the configuration of (5) above, it can be applied to a small coil used for a small micro speaker or the like, and contributes to the miniaturization of the product.
- a method for producing a copper alloy wire according to one aspect of the present invention includes: Ag: cooling a molten metal containing 0.5 wt% or more and 6 wt% or less, the balance being inevitable impurities and Cu, at 500 ° C./s or more. Casting process at a speed to produce a copper alloy ingot, a wire drawing process to produce a wire by drawing the ingot, and a heat treatment temperature of 300 ° C. to 370 ° C. for 10 seconds or less And a heat treatment step of heat-treating with the holding time. According to the configuration of (6), it is possible to manufacture the copper alloy wire having the configuration of (1) that is excellent in vibration durability and heat resistance.
- the copper alloy wire according to the above embodiment was manufactured by changing the component composition or manufacturing conditions, and the structure and characteristics were evaluated.
- the production conditions changed according to the conditions are the cooling rate in the casting process, and the heat treatment temperature and holding time in the heat treatment process.
- a copper alloy wire having a different component composition or manufacturing condition from the above embodiment was manufactured, and the structure and characteristics were evaluated in the same manner as in the example.
- Table 1 shows the composition of the components in the examples, the production conditions, and the evaluation results of the structures and properties described later.
- copper alloy wires were manufactured under the conditions of Examples 1 to 14 with different component compositions.
- the manufacturing conditions in Examples 1 to 14 were the same as the cooling rate of 700 ° C./s, the heat treatment temperature of 300 ° C., and the holding time of 10 s.
- copper alloy wires were produced under the conditions of Examples 15 to 25 with different production conditions.
- the component composition was the same as that of Example 5, and at least one of the cooling rate, the heat treatment temperature, and the holding time was different from that of Example 5 within the scope of the above embodiment.
- Examples 1 to 25 as a casting process, first, oxygen-free copper and silver as raw materials and, if necessary, magnesium, chromium and zirconium in a graphite crucible so as to have the component composition shown in Table 1. I put it in. Subsequently, the raw material was melt
- the atmosphere in the crucible was a nitrogen atmosphere so that oxygen was not mixed into the molten metal. Further, the molten metal accommodated in the crucible was held at 1250 ° C. or higher for 3 hours or more, and then cast into an ingot having a diameter of about 10 mm with a graphite mold. When casting, the water temperature and the amount of water in the water cooling device were adjusted and changed so that the cooling rate shown in Table 1 was obtained. In Examples 1 to 25, molten metal is appropriately added to the mold according to the conditions shown in Table 1, and ingots with different conditions are continuously produced by adjusting the cooling rate according to the conditions shown in Table 1. Casted.
- the ingot produced in the casting process is drawn at a rate of 10% or more and 25% or less with a one-pass processing rate, so that the wire diameter becomes 0.04 mm to 0.3 mm.
- a heat treatment step a final heat treatment is performed on the drawn wire at the heat treatment temperature and holding time shown in Table 1 to produce each of the conditions of Examples 1 to 25.
- a copper alloy wire was obtained.
- heat treatment was performed by running heat treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 4 as in the case of Examples 1 to 25, as the casting process, the raw materials having the component composition shown in Table 1 were put into a crucible and heated to be dissolved. Ingots were manufactured by continuous casting in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 25.
- the Ag content was 8 wt% that did not satisfy the range of the above embodiment.
- the cooling rate during continuous casting was set to a cooling rate of 12 ° C./s that does not satisfy the range of the above embodiment.
- the wire drawing process was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 25 to produce a wire having a wire diameter of 0.1 mm from the ingot.
- a heat treatment step as in Examples 1 to 25, a final heat treatment was performed on the drawn wire under the conditions of the heat treatment temperature and holding time shown in Table 1 to obtain copper. Alloy wire was manufactured.
- the heat treatment temperature was set to 500 ° C. not satisfying the above embodiment.
- the holding time was 1800 s that does not satisfy the range of the above embodiment.
- Comparative Example 5 as a casting process, first, copper, silver and magnesium as raw materials were pickled with 20% by volume of nitric acid and sufficiently dried. As the raw materials copper, silver and magnesium, Cu, Ag and Mg having purity of 99.99 wt% or more were used. Next, the pickled raw material was put into a graphite crucible so as to have the component composition shown in Table 1. Furthermore, the raw material was melt
- the ingot produced in the casting process was drawn and then peeled to produce a wire having a wire diameter of 0.08 mm.
- a copper alloy wire was manufactured by subjecting the wire to a heat treatment at a heat treatment temperature of 600 ° C. and a holding time of 1800 s in a nitrogen atmosphere. In the heat treatment step, heat treatment was performed by heat treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- Comparative Example 6 as in the case of Examples 1 to 25, as a casting process, the raw materials having the component compositions shown in Table 1 were put into a crucible and heated to be melted. An ingot with a diameter of 8 mm was manufactured by continuous casting in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 25. After the casting process, the wire rod having a wire diameter of 2.6 mm was manufactured from the ingot by performing the wire drawing process in the same manner as in the wire drawing processes of Examples 1 to 25.
- Comparative Example 6 is different from Examples 1 to 25 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 in that wire drawing is performed, heat treatment is performed, and wire drawing is further performed. A copper alloy wire is manufactured.
- the copper alloy wire material of Comparative Example 6 manufactured in this way is the sample No. 1 described in Patent Document 1. Corresponds to 2-5.
- the heat treatment in Comparative Example 6 is different from the heat treatment step performed as the final step of the manufacturing process in Examples 1 to 25 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, and Table 1 shows the heat treatment conditions. Not.
- the structure of the cross section was observed by the following method to evaluate the second phase particles.
- a cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction is cut out of the copper alloy wires manufactured under the conditions of Examples 1 to 25 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6. At this time, it was cut out with care so as to cut out the cross section so as to pass through the center of the wire as much as possible, but it is difficult to cut out the cross section so as to accurately pass through the center of the copper alloy wire. Therefore, in the examples, when the width orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire is 90% or more of the wire diameter, the cross section is regarded as passing through the center of the wire.
- the cut section is finished into a mirror surface by wet polishing and buffing. Furthermore, the polished cross section was photographed with a scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, manufactured by JEOL) at a magnification of 50000 times in a rectangular region of 1.7 ⁇ m ⁇ 2.3 ⁇ m.
- FE-SEM scanning electron microscope
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a structure photograph obtained by actually photographing the cross section of the copper alloy wire according to the embodiment.
- particles having a white contrast form the second phase.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram in which the second phase and the mother phase are divided from the difference in contrast in the photograph of FIG.
- the second phase particles are formed in a line along the longitudinal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 4).
- the cross section of FIG. 4 it can confirm that the rectangular range shown with a dotted line which contains 5 or more 2nd phase particles completely exists.
- Table 1 shows the average number of second phase particles included in the rectangular range for each condition of Examples 1 to 25 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 as a result of the structure observation.
- the number of second phase particles in each rectangular range was counted and added, and divided by the number of rectangular ranges to obtain the average number. Note that the rectangular ranges were selected so that the rectangular ranges did not overlap.
- the maximum length of the counted second phase particles in the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire is measured, and the maximum length of each second phase particle is determined.
- the total length added was calculated.
- Table 1 shows the total length of the second phase particles included in the rectangular range for each condition of Examples 1 to 25 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 as a result of the structure observation.
- the longest total length of the second phase particles included in the rectangular range was selected and described.
- vibration durability, heat resistance, and electrical conductivity were evaluated as characteristics evaluation of the copper alloy wire.
- a vibration test was performed at 20 ° C. using a high cycle fatigue tester shown in FIG.
- the vibration test first, both ends in the longitudinal direction of the copper alloy wire 1 cut to a length of 80 mm are sandwiched and fixed by the pressing jig 2 and the knife edge 4 attached to the edge table 3 respectively.
- a copper plate having a thickness equivalent to the wire diameter of the wire was inserted on both sides of the wire so that the wire was not crushed by the holding jig 2 or the knife edge 4.
- the distance between the fixing position of the copper alloy wire 1 by the holding jig 2 and the fixing position by the knife edge 4 was 16 mm.
- the edge table 3 is reciprocated at an amplitude of 1.6 mm 50 times per second in the vertical direction parallel to the direction in which the knife alloy 4 sandwiches the copper alloy wire 1.
- the copper alloy wire 1 was vibrated.
- six vibration tests were performed for each condition of Examples 1 to 25 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and the average was calculated. At this time, the vibration durability was set to pass 10 million times or more. When the vibration durability was 20 million times, the test was terminated and the results are shown in Table 1 as 20 million times.
- Example 8 to 14 to which one or more selected from the group of Mg, Cr and Zr were added, the results of the structure evaluation were compared with Example 5 in which the Ag content and the production conditions were the same. From this, it was confirmed that the vibration durability was improved.
- Comparative Example 1 in which the Ag content exceeds 6 wt% and the manufacturing conditions satisfy the conditions of the above embodiment, there is a rectangular range in which five or more second-phase particles are completely included, and vibration durability is improved. It was confirmed that the conductivity decreased to less than 80% IACS.
- Comparative Examples 2 to 6 the component composition satisfies the conditions of the above embodiment, and at least one of the cooling rate, the heat treatment temperature, and the holding time, which are manufacturing conditions, does not satisfy the conditions of the above embodiment, Was 80% IACS, but a rectangular range in which five or more second-phase particles were completely contained could not be confirmed. For this reason, it was confirmed that under the conditions of Comparative Examples 2 to 6, vibration durability and heat resistance were lowered, and a copper alloy wire having desired characteristics could not be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
さらに、近年ではハイレゾ音源に代表される良質な音への要求が強くなっている。このような高周波の振動にも対応可能なマイクロスピーカーとするため、高サイクル振動耐久性、かつ耐熱性を有する線材が求められている。
<銅合金線材>
本発明の一実施形態に係る銅合金線材について説明する。本実施形態に係る銅合金線材は、マイクロスピーカー等のコイルに使用される線材である。銅合金線材の直径である線径d[mm]は、0.01mm以上0.32mm以下であることが好ましい。
さらに、銅合金線材は、80℃の試験環境にて実施した振動試験での振動耐久回数が、1000万回以上であることが好ましい。
次に、本実施形態に係る銅合金線材の製造方法について説明する。銅合金線材の製造方法では、鋳造工程、伸線工程及び熱処理工程を順に行うことで、銅合金線材が製造される。
はじめに、上述の銅合金線材の成分組成となる溶融金属を鋳造することで、銅合金の鋳塊を製造する(鋳造工程)。鋳造工程では、予め、上述の銅合金線材の成分組成となるように、銅(無酸素銅)やAg等の原料を溶解させる。この際、酸素が溶融金属中に混入を避けるため、窒素雰囲気のように酸素含まないガス雰囲気で原料の溶解を行うことが好ましい。そして、原料が溶解した溶融金属を、冷却速度が調整可能な水冷式の鋳型に注入し、凝固させることで所定の断面寸法の銅合金の鋳塊を連続鋳造する。
本実施形態では、鋳造工程における冷却速度を500℃/s以上とし、伸線工程での加工率を10%以上30%以下とし、熱処理工程における熱処理温度を300℃以上370℃以下及び保持時間を10秒以下とすることにより、これらの組み合わせで、Agを含む5個以上の第二相粒子を、矩形範囲内に線状に配列させることができるようになる。
以上で、特定の実施形態を参照して本発明を説明したが、これら説明によって発明を限定することを意図するものではない。本発明の説明を参照することにより、当業者には、開示された実施形態の種々の変形例とともに本発明の別の実施形態も明らかである。従って、特許請求の範囲は、本発明の範囲及び要旨に含まれるこれらの変形例または実施形態も網羅すると解すべきである。
(1)本発明の一態様に係る銅合金線材は、銅合金線材であって、Ag:0.5wt%以上6wt%以下を含み、残部が不可避不純物とCuとからなり、銅合金線材の長手方向に平行な断面上の、長手方向に直交する方向に1.7μm、長手方向に平行な方向に2.3μmの視野で観察した範囲において、長手方向に直交する幅が0.2μm、且つ長手方向に平行な長さが2.3μmである矩形範囲であって、Agを含み長手方向の最大長さが300nm未満の第二相粒子が5個以上完全に含まれる矩形範囲を少なくとも1カ所有する。
上記(2)の構成によれば、第二相粒子の合計の長さが長くなることで、ひずみが第二相粒子にブロックされやすくなることから、欠陥が拡大しにくくなり、振動耐久性をより向上させることができる。
上記(3)の構成によれば、形成される3元系以上の第二相による分散強化によって、振動耐久性をより向上させることができる。
上記(4)の構成によれば、マイクロスピーカーに用いられるコイルとして、十分な振動耐久性を有することとなる。
(5)上記(1)~(4)のいずれかの構成において、線径は、0.01mm以上0.32mm以下である。
上記(5)の構成によれば、小型のマイクロスピーカー等に用いられる小型のコイルに適用することができ、製品の小型化に貢献する。
上記(6)の構成によれば、振動耐久性及び耐熱性に優れた上記(1)の構成の銅合金線材を製造することができる。
表1に、実施例における成分組成、製造条件、並びに後述する組織及び特性の評価結果を示す。
伸線工程の後、熱処理工程として、表1に示す熱処理温度及び保持時間で、伸線加工された線材に最終的な熱処理を施すことで、実施例1~実施例25の各条件で製造された銅合金線材を得た。なお、熱処理工程では、窒素雰囲気下の走間熱処理にて熱処理を行った。
伸線工程の後、熱処理工程として、実施例1~実施例25と同様に、表1に示す熱処理温度及び保持時間の条件で、伸線加工された線材に最終的な熱処理を施すことで銅合金線材を製造した。なお、実施例3では、熱処理温度を、上記実施形態を満足しない500℃とした。また、実施例4では、保持時間を、上記実施形態の範囲を満足しない1800sとした。
伸線工程の後、熱処理工程として、窒素雰囲気下で、熱処理温度600℃及び保持時間1800sの熱処理を線材に施すことで、銅合金線材を製造した。なお、熱処理工程では、窒素雰囲気下の送間熱処理にて熱処理を行った。
鋳造工程の後、実施例1~実施例25の伸線工程と同様に伸線加工することで、鋳塊から線径2.6mmとなる線材を製造した。
さらに、比較例6では、熱処理工程の後、熱処理を施した線材を炉冷(炉内で冷却)し、線径0.04mmとなるまで再び伸線加工することで、銅合金線材を製造した。上述のように、比較例6は、実施例1~実施例25及び比較例1~比較例5とは異なり、伸線加工を行った後、熱処理を行い、さらに伸線加工を行うことで、銅合金線材を製造する。このように製造した、比較例6の銅合金線材は、特許文献1に記載の試料No.2-5に相当する。なお、比較例6における熱処理は、実施例1~実施例25及び比較例1~比較例5において製造工程の最終工程として行われる熱処理工程とは異なるため、表1には熱処理の条件を記載していない。
振動耐久性の評価では、図5に示す高サイクル疲労試験器を用いて20℃で振動試験を行った。振動試験では、まず、80mmの長さに切断した銅合金線材1の長手方向の両端部を、押さえ治具2、及びエッジ台3に取り付けられたナイフエッジ4でそれぞれ挟んで固定する。線材が押さえ治具2またはナイフエッジ4でつぶされないように、線材の両脇に線材の線径と同等の厚さをもつ銅板材を挿入した。銅合金線材1の、押さえ治具2による固定位置と、ナイフエッジ4による固定位置との間隔は16mmとした。次いで、銅合金線材1を固定した状態で、ナイフエッジ4で銅合金線材1を挟んだ方向に平行な上下方向に、エッジ台3を1秒間に50回の振幅1.6mm往復運動させることで、銅合金線材1に振動を与えた。実施例では、この振動試験を、実施例1~実施例25及び比較例1~比較例6の条件毎に、6本ずつ行い、その平均を算出した。このときの振動耐久回数は1000万回以上を合格とした。2000万回振動耐久した場合には試験を打ち切り、2000万回と表1に記載した。
さらに、導電率の評価では、図6に示す4端子法による導電率測定装置を用いて、実施例1~実施例25及び比較例1~比較例6の条件毎に導電率の測定を行った。測定では、長さ300mmの銅合金線材1の比抵抗を3本測定することで、平均導電率を算出した。なお、電圧端子間の距離は200mm、電圧端子と電流端子とのの距離は25mmとした。銅合金線材における導電率は、高いほど好ましく、80%IACS以上のものを合格とした。
2 押さえ治具
3 エッジ台
4 ナイフエッジ
Claims (6)
- 銅合金線材であって、
Ag:0.5wt%以上6wt%以下を含み、残部が不可避不純物とCuとからなり、
前記銅合金線材の長手方向に平行な断面上の、前記長手方向に直交する方向に1.7μm、前記長手方向に平行な方向に2.3μmの視野で観察した範囲において、前記長手方向に直交する幅が0.2μm、且つ前記長手方向に平行な長さが2.3μmである矩形範囲であって、Agを含み長手方向の最大長さが300nm未満の第二相粒子が5個以上完全に含まれる前記矩形範囲を少なくとも1カ所有することを特徴とする銅合金線材。 - 前記矩形範囲に完全に含まれる5個以上のそれぞれの前記第二相粒子の前記長手方向における最大長さの合計が、300nm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の銅合金線材。
- Mg:0wt超1wt%以下、Cr:0wt超1wt%以下、及びZr:0wt超1wt%以下からなる群から選ばれる1種または2種以上の元素をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の銅合金線材。
- 80℃の試験環境にて実施した振動試験での振動耐久回数が、1000万回以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の銅合金線材。
- 前記線材の線径が、0.01mm以上0.32mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の銅合金線材。
- Ag:0.5wt%以上6wt%以下を含み、残部が不可避不純物とCuとからなる溶融金属を500℃/s以上の冷却速度で鋳造し、銅合金の鋳塊を製造する鋳造工程と、
前記鋳塊を伸線加工し、線材を製造する伸線工程と、
前記線材を、300℃以上370℃以下の熱処理温度、10秒以下の保持時間で熱処理する熱処理工程と
を備えることを特徴とする銅合金線材の製造方法。
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| WO2019181320A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-26 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 銅合金線材及び銅合金線材の製造方法 |
| JPWO2019181320A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-20 | 2021-02-04 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 銅合金線材及び銅合金線材の製造方法 |
| WO2023085306A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-19 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Cu-Ag系合金線 |
| WO2024177092A1 (ja) * | 2023-02-21 | 2024-08-29 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Cu-Ag系合金線 |
| WO2025033192A1 (ja) * | 2023-08-09 | 2025-02-13 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Cu-Ag系合金線材 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6362809B1 (ja) | 2018-07-25 |
| CN108463568A (zh) | 2018-08-28 |
| US10242762B2 (en) | 2019-03-26 |
| JPWO2018100919A1 (ja) | 2018-11-29 |
| KR102119552B1 (ko) | 2020-06-05 |
| EP3550044A4 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
| EP3550044B1 (en) | 2021-03-24 |
| CN108463568B (zh) | 2020-11-10 |
| US20180322979A1 (en) | 2018-11-08 |
| KR20180116232A (ko) | 2018-10-24 |
| EP3550044A1 (en) | 2019-10-09 |
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