WO2018148872A1 - 双面吸水性面料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

双面吸水性面料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018148872A1
WO2018148872A1 PCT/CN2017/073555 CN2017073555W WO2018148872A1 WO 2018148872 A1 WO2018148872 A1 WO 2018148872A1 CN 2017073555 W CN2017073555 W CN 2017073555W WO 2018148872 A1 WO2018148872 A1 WO 2018148872A1
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Prior art keywords
yarn
warp
warp yarn
weft
fabric
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PCT/CN2017/073555
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
仲鸿天
沈松
张增松
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Jiangsu Jujie Microfibers Group Ltd
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Jiangsu Jujie Microfibers Group Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/073555 priority Critical patent/WO2018148872A1/zh
Priority to EP17872894.5A priority patent/EP3388565A4/en
Publication of WO2018148872A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018148872A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/004—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft with weave pattern being non-standard or providing special effects
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/49—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads textured; curled; crimped

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of textiles, for example, to a double-sided absorbent fabric, and a method and application thereof.
  • the water-absorbent fabric refers to a water-absorbent fabric which is woven by a fiber raw material having a water absorbing function and has a function of wiping and bathing, and is mainly used in the fields of indoor bath towels, bathrobes, bathrobes, sports towels, children's clothing and the like.
  • the raw materials used are mainly in two categories: one is to use the natural hydrophilic properties of cotton, hemp and other fabric fibers, which are obtained by knitting the knitting machine to produce the appearance of the terry, and the processing field is the knitting industry; the other is The use of heterogeneous section chemical fibers to increase the water absorption area to improve water absorption performance, processing in the field of knitting, woven industry.
  • the water-absorbing fabric made by the above two types of raw materials has a certain water absorption effect
  • the disadvantages are obvious.
  • the plant fiber fabric has good water absorption effect, it has problems such as fading, imperfection, wear and poor dimensional stability, which increases the use cost and reduces the quality; while the cross-section chemical fiber has a certain water absorption effect
  • the heterogeneous cross-section structure (non-circular structure) of the chemical fiber of the opposite sex is used to increase the contact area with the water molecules to achieve the water absorption effect, thus the increased contact.
  • the area is limited, and the water absorption and rate are far less than the natural hydrophilic properties of plant fibers.
  • the present disclosure provides a double-sided absorbent fabric, for example, providing a double-faced high-absorbent fabric; the double-sided absorbent fabric has high water absorption and a comfortable and soft touch. It is widely used in children's clothing, home bath textiles, and wiping and nursing of high-precision instruments.
  • the present disclosure provides a double-sided absorbent fabric comprising warp and weft yarns;
  • the warp yarn adopts a 50D-150D polyester low-elastic yarn, and the weft yarn adopts a 75D-200D polyester-composite composite microfiber.
  • the warp yarn is a polyester low-elastic yarn
  • the weft yarn is a polyester-rubber composite microfiber.
  • the combination of the two has a synergistic effect, which not only enables the fabric to have a strong water absorption property, so that the water absorption reaches 4 g/unit. Above the weight, the water absorption rate is controlled to 18 seconds/unit area or less, and the fabric has excellent stretch resistance and comfortable and soft touch.
  • the outer stretch strength of the fabric can reach 250N (Newton, or more) or 350N. Above (thin/thickness), the effect of the fabric is greatly enhanced.
  • the present disclosure adopts polyester low-elastic yarn, which can ensure the fabric fabric has strong tensile resistance, and is used as a surface absorbent material to resist external force stretching and maintain the flat appearance of the fabric;
  • the present disclosure adopts a polyester-polyamide composite microfiber composed of more than a thousand monofilaments, and the average fineness of the monofilament is about 0.15 dtex (ditex, referred to as decitex), so that the maximum increase can be made.
  • the woven structure of the double-sided water-absorbing fabric may be in the following two ways:
  • the positive and negative four varying twill structures may be: the warp yarns are warp yarns, warp yarns, warp yarns three and warp yarns four from the first side to the second side, and the weft yarns are weft yarns and weft yarns from the third side to the fourth side. , weft yarn three, weft yarn four, weft yarn five, weft yarn six, weft yarn seven and weft yarn eight;
  • the weft yarn passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn and is highlighted on the upper part of the warp yarn, the warp yarn three and the warp yarn;
  • the weft yarn 2 is protruded from the upper part of the warp yarn, and passes through the warp yarn 2, the warp yarn 3 and the warp yarn lower portion;
  • the weft yarn is three-folded on the upper part of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn three and the warp yarn, and passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn;
  • the weft yarn passes through the lower part of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn three and the warp yarn, and is protruded on the upper part of the warp yarn;
  • the weft yarn 5 is convexly formed on the upper part of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn 2 and the warp yarn, and passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn;
  • the weft yarn 6 passes through the lower part of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn 2 and the warp yarn, and is protruded on the upper part of the warp yarn;
  • the weft yarn 7 is convexly formed on the upper part of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn 2 and the warp yarn, and passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn;
  • the weft yarns are passed through the warp yarns 1, the warp yarns 2 and the lower portions of the warp yarns, and are protruded from the upper portions of the warp yarns.
  • the five-satin satin structure may be: the warp yarns are warp yarns, warp yarns two, warp yarns three, warp yarns four and warp yarns five from the first side to the second side, and the weft yarns are sequentially from the third side to the fourth side.
  • the weft yarn passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn and is protruded on the warp yarn two, the warp yarn three, the warp yarn four and the warp yarn five upper portion; the weft yarn two is protruded on the upper part of the warp yarn, and passes through the warp yarn two, the warp yarn three, the warp yarn four and the warp yarn five lower portion;
  • the weft yarn is three-folded on the upper part of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn two, the warp yarn three and the warp yarn, and passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn;
  • the weft yarn passes through the warp yarn, the warp yarn two, the warp yarn three and the warp yarn lower portion, and is protruded on the upper portion of the warp yarn;
  • the weft yarn 5 is convexly formed on the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn three, the warp yarn four and the warp yarn five upper portion, and passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn; the wef
  • the present disclosure can control the warp and weft float length in a more reasonable range by using four kinds of positive and negative four-dimensional change twill and front and back five-satin structure, and control the ratio of the warp and weft interlacing points to the uninterlaced points.
  • 20 to 25:75 to 80 for example, 20:80, 21:79, 22:78, 23:77 or 25:75, etc., that is, the area of 75% to 80% of the surface of the fabric is covered by the polyester/polyamide composite microfiber.
  • the fabric can ensure the tightness of the fabric while satisfying the high water absorption effect; the whole fabric can be processed into a garment or a wiping product when compared with the five-tone variation of the front and back, or the six-satin structure of the front and back.
  • the size is more stable and the stretch resistance is stronger.
  • Looseness The use of a twill or satin structure with a certain length of weft yarn makes the fabric interlacing point greatly reduced, which is more conducive to the penetration of liquid water molecules while ensuring the tightness of the fabric;
  • the weft yarn adopts polyester/polyamide composite microfiber raw material composed of a plurality of monofilaments, the length of the weft yarn floating length on each side has a great influence on the difficulty of mechanical flocking.
  • the longer the float length the easier it is for the pile metal steel needle to pull the fiber out and break, and the more monofilament inside the fiber is more easily exposed, so that the more feathers produced by the fiber, the denser the distribution on the fabric surface, so that Liquid water molecules and more microfiber monofilaments can fully contact and produce a siphon phenomenon to achieve high water absorption of the fabric;
  • the positive and negative four-change twill structure used in the present disclosure has two water absorption faces, and the texture (also called the structure) of each face is the same, and four broken twill are used, and the so-called “broken” refers to an unconventional 3/1 twill structure, the oblique direction of the 3/1 twill structure is reversed in the middle to prevent the grain from being directional, and the resulting hairiness is more uniform, and the four-eighth latitude is a cyclic structure.
  • the five-satin satin structure used in the present disclosure also has two water-absorbing surfaces, and the texture (also called the structure) of each surface is the same, and all have five satin patterns, and the five-week and ten-weft are a circular structure.
  • the double-sided twill structure is relatively straight, and the double-sided satin structure is relatively soft, which can meet various needs in the fields of children's clothing, home bath textiles, and wiping and nursing of high-precision instruments.
  • the warp yarn in the double-sided absorbent fabric adopts 50D (denier) to 150D polyester low-elastic yarn, and may be, for example, 50D, 60D, 70D, 75D, 80D, 90D, 100D, 120D or 150D.
  • the weft yarn is a 75D-200D polyester/polyamide composite microfiber, and may be, for example, 75D, 85D, 90D, 100D, 120D, 130D, 150D, 180D or 200D.
  • the present disclosure further provides a method for preparing a double-sided absorbent fabric according to the first aspect, the method comprising: selecting raw materials, warping, weaving, inspecting, refining, drying, first pulling and fluffing , fiber opening, washing, pre-type, dyeing, shaping, second napping, bristles, shearing, shaping and inspection packaging.
  • the processing can be roughly divided into two processes of gray fabric processing and post-treatment dyeing dyeing.
  • the process of the grey cloth processing process includes: raw material inspection, warp warping, sizing, shaft, machine making, upper shaft weaving, falling cloth, inspection and storage, including raw material selection and fabric weaving, and the raw material is made of warp yarn.
  • Polyester low elastic yarn, weft yarn is polyester/polyamide composite microfiber
  • the operation of grey fabric weaving can be: using shuttle looms, firstly sizing the warp yarn (polyester low elastic yarn), the purpose is to increase the yarn cohesion and The abrasion resistance ensures the production efficiency of the mechanical weaving process; the fabric is designed with a twill or satin structure, so that the weft length of the fabric satisfies the need for fullness and looseness of the front and back.
  • the warp and weft density is designed to achieve the fabric density required for external force stretching; at the same time, the higher the weft density, the stronger the water absorption effect.
  • the process of the post-treatment fluff dyeing process includes: grey cloth, refining, drying, first napping, opening, washing, pre-forming, dyeing, shaping, second raising, bristles, shearing, setting Type, inspection and packaging, among them, refining: desizing; drying: pre-shrinking; reduction: opening; predetermined type: fixed semi-finished door width; dyeing: dyeing processing according to color requirements; stereotype: secondary pulling Preparation; finalization: final fixed finished door width; bristles, shearing: fabric surface hairiness finishing.
  • the most important operation is the two napping process, wherein the first napping is 8 to 10 lanes for the front and back of the fabric, for example, 8 lanes. 9 or 10 lanes, hair height 1.5 to 2.0 cm (cm), such as 1.5 cm, 1.6 cm, 1.7 cm, 1.8 cm, 1.9 cm or 2.0 cm; the second napping is 1 to 2 lanes for the front and back sides,
  • the hair height is from 1.0 to 1.5 cm, such as 1.0 cm, 1.1 cm, 1.2 cm, 1.3 cm, 1.4 cm or 1.5 cm.
  • the polyester-powder composite microfiber can be dispersed into thousands of monofilaments (about 0.15 dtex/root) to stand on the surface of the fabric, and the liquid water molecules can be adsorbed by the siphon principle.
  • Increase water absorption and water absorption rate which can be:
  • the water absorption amount is 4 g or more / unit weight (4 g fabric); the water absorption amount refers to the water absorption amount when immersed in water to be taken out until no dripping water;
  • the water absorption rate is 18 seconds or less per unit area (10 cm ⁇ 10 cm); the water absorption rate refers to the time consumed when the fabric is completely immersed in water.
  • the warping comprises: circling the warp yarn wrapped with the yarn on the warping frame by using a batch warping machine, and retracting the yarn from the warp cylinder to the warp beam, wherein Warp warp speed and warping tension are adjusted according to the specifications of the yarn.
  • the yarn speed is controlled at 800 to 1000 meters per minute, for example, 800 meters per minute, 820 meters per minute, 850 meters per minute, 900 meters per minute, 950 meters per minute, or 1000 meters per minute.
  • the tension is controlled at 0.08-0.1g/D (g/denier), for example, 0.08g/D, 0.09g/D or 0.1g/D. According to the total number of warp yarns of the warp beam, the number of warping batches is set, and finally Processed into warp beams required for weaving.
  • the refining comprises: weaving the finished grey fabric, desizing on the refiner, removing oil stains and pre-shrinking.
  • the refining liquid used in the refining has a base content of 2 g/L, and the refining temperature is 95-98 degrees Celsius, such as 95 degrees Celsius, 95.5 degrees Celsius, 96 degrees Celsius, 96.5 degrees Celsius, 97 degrees Celsius or 98 degrees Celsius, and the vehicle speed is controlled at 45 m / min.
  • the opening of the fiber comprises: opening and reducing the weft yarn with alkali liquor.
  • the lye concentration is controlled between 0.15 and 0.2 liters/meter, for example 0.15 liters/meter, 0.16 liters/meter, 0.17 liters/meter, 0.18 liters/meter, 0.19 liters/meter or 0.2 liters/meter.
  • the temperature of the lye is controlled at 90 to 100 degrees Celsius, such as 90 degrees Celsius, 92 degrees Celsius, 95 degrees Celsius, 96 degrees Celsius, 97 degrees Celsius, 98 degrees Celsius or 100 shots. Degree.
  • the shaping comprises: drying and setting the dyed fabric at a high temperature.
  • the setting temperature is controlled at 130 to 150 degrees Celsius, for example, 130 degrees Celsius, 135 degrees Celsius, 140 degrees Celsius, 145 degrees Celsius, or 150 degrees Celsius, and the vehicle speed is 20 meters/minute.
  • the method of the present disclosure does not add any form of hydrophilic auxiliary agent and any chemical auxiliary agent, which not only ensures the high water absorption rate of the fabric, but also makes the consumer safer and healthier during use, and It is more environmentally friendly, reduces the water treatment process of the hydrophilic auxiliary waste liquid, reduces the processing cost and energy consumption, and prevents the water absorption and moisture permeability of the product after washing from being lowered.
  • the present disclosure further provides the use of the double-sided absorbent fabric according to the first aspect, comprising: applying the double-sided absorbent fabric to a wipe of a children's garment, a home bath textile, or a high-precision instrument. In the care fabric.
  • the warp yarn is a polyester low-elastic yarn
  • the weft yarn is a polyester-rubber composite microfiber.
  • the combination of the two has a synergistic effect, which not only enables the fabric to have a strong water absorption property, and the water absorption amount reaches 4 Above gram/unit weight, the water absorption rate is controlled to 18 seconds/unit area or less, and the fabric has excellent stretch resistance and comfortable soft touch.
  • the outer stretch strength of the fabric can reach above 250N/350N ( Thin/thick) greatly enhances the use of the fabric, and the thermal stability of the fabric is -3% to 3%;
  • the present disclosure improves the water absorption mode of the surface of the woven fabric by adopting the method of raising the surface of the fabric, and the water-absorbing effect is obtained by merely interweaving the chemical fiber of the profiled section as a water absorbing material on a single surface of the fabric, and creatively combining the polyester-fiber composite microfiber. Disperse into thousands of monofilaments (about 0.15 dtex/root) to stand on the surface of the fabric, and absorb liquid water molecules by siphon principle, which greatly increases the water absorption and water absorption rate;
  • the present disclosure adopts two-sided water absorption method, according to different needs of the consumer's fabric feel (relatively stiff or soft), two different interweaving structures are adopted, so that the polyester-polyamide composite microfiber is interwoven with two fabrics.
  • the proportion of the material floating on the surface (75% to 80%), utilizing the characteristics of less interlacing points and loose fabric, makes it possible to more easily inhale the inside of the fabric and conduct it to the other side of the fabric;
  • the chemical fiber adsorbs water molecules in a bundle form
  • the present disclosure expands the polyester/polyamide composite microfiber floating on the surface of the fabric by post-treatment, and the fiber bundle is dispersed into thousands.
  • the ultrafine monofilament of the root is interrupted by external force to produce a porous structure such as a capillaries, and the siphon principle is used to obtain more water absorption than the conventional absorbent fabric, the water absorption rate is faster, and the conduction area is larger;
  • the preparation method of the present disclosure does not add any form of hydrophilic auxiliary agent and any chemical auxiliary agent, and the preparation method can not only ensure the high water absorption rate of the fabric, but also make the consumer safer and more in use. It is healthier and more environmentally friendly, reducing the water treatment process of the hydrophilic auxiliary waste liquid, reducing the processing cost and energy consumption, and preventing the water absorption and moisture permeability of the product after washing from being lowered.
  • Embodiment 1 is a front elevational view showing four positive and negative varying twill structures used in Embodiment 1;
  • Embodiment 2 is a side view showing the positive and negative four varying twill structures used in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view showing the front and back five satin structures used in the second embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a side view showing the front and back five satin structures used in the second embodiment.
  • a double-sided absorbent fabric comprising warp and weft, a warp yarn of 75D polyester low-elastic yarn, and a weft yarn of 175D polyester-rubber composite microfiber.
  • the warp yarns from the left (first side) to the right (second side) are warp yarn 1, warp yarn 2, warp yarn 3 and warp yarn 4, and weft yarn from the bottom (third side).
  • (Fourth side) is a weft yarn 11, 11, a weft yarn 12, a weft yarn 13, a weft yarn 14, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn, a weft yarn
  • the weft yarn 11 passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn 1 and is highlighted on the upper portion of the warp yarn 2, the warp yarn 3 and the warp yarn 4;
  • the weft yarns 12 are protruded from the upper portion of the warp yarns 1 and pass through the warp yarns 2, the warp yarns 3 and the warp yarns 4 and 4;
  • the weft yarns 13 are prominently formed on the upper portion of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn 3 and the warp yarn 4, and pass through the lower portion of the warp yarn 2;
  • the weft yarns 14 are passed through the warp yarns 1, the warp yarns 3 and the lower portions of the warp yarns 4, and are protruded from the upper portion of the warp yarns 2;
  • the weft yarns 5 15 are prominently formed on the upper portions of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn 2 and the warp yarn 3, and pass through the lower portion of the warp yarn 4;
  • the weft yarn 16 is passed through the lower portion of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn 2 and the warp yarn 3, and is protruded from the upper portion of the warp yarn 4;
  • the weft yarn seven 17 is prominently formed on the upper part of the warp yarn 1, the warp yarn 2 and the warp yarn 4, and passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn 3;
  • the weft yarns 18 are passed through the warp yarns 1, the warp yarns 2 and the lower portions of the warp yarns 4, and are projected on the upper portions of the warp yarns 3 and 3.
  • the preparation method of the double-sided water-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
  • Raw material selection ⁇ warping ⁇ weaving ⁇ inspection ⁇ refining ⁇ drying ⁇ first napping • spinning • washing ⁇ pre-type ⁇ dyeing ⁇ stereotype ⁇ second napping ⁇ bristles, shearing ⁇ stereotype ⁇ inspection packaging.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • Warping Using a batch warping machine to warp, the warp yarn cylinder wrapped with 75D polyester low-elastic yarn is hung on the warping frame, and the 75D polyester low-elastic yarn is retracted from the warp cylinder to the warp beam.
  • the process of warping speed is controlled at 1000 m/min, the warping tension is controlled at 0.08 g/D, and the number of warping batches is set according to the number of warp yarns of the warp beam, and then processed into the warp beam required for weaving.
  • the microfiber is placed on the storage weft, and then the weaving machine is weaved and debugged until the normal opening, and the speed is controlled at about 550 rpm.
  • Refining The process of weaving the finished fabric, desizing, removing oil and pre-shrinking on the refiner; the process is: the weaving of the finished fabric, desizing, degreasing and pre-shrinking on the refiner.
  • the refining liquid has a base content of 2 g/l, a temperature of 95 degrees Celsius, and a vehicle speed of about 45 m/min.
  • Drying Drying the semi-finished fabric after refining and fully pre-shrinking the weft yarn to create conditions for the lower looping; the temperature of the drying cylinder is controlled at 125 degrees Celsius.
  • the first time of raising the fleece the drying of the grey fabric is carried out on multiple sides of the multi-passing process, and the front and back sides are respectively pulled 8 times, the hair height is 1.8 cm; the speed of the pulling machine is controlled at 22 m/min.
  • Opening fiber Deep lye ablation treatment of polyester/cotton ultrafine fiber to make the deep-layer fiber of the weft yarn fluffy and easy to break, and prepare for secondary plucking; the process is: opening and reducing the weft yarn with a certain concentration of alkali liquid The process of denudation facilitates the raising of the next process; the concentration of the lye is controlled at 0.18 liters/meter, and the liquid temperature is controlled at 90 degrees Celsius.
  • Washing The opened fabric is stained with corrosive lye, which needs to be cleaned and dried with water in this process.
  • the pre-dyed fabric is pre-formed to prevent the door panel from being excessively contracted by heat, and the control panel is in a reasonable range; the process is: drying the dyed fabric at a high temperature and Stereotype, which is conducive to the secondary raising and bristles and shearing of the thick-process process; the control setting temperature is maintained at 130 degrees Celsius, and the vehicle speed is controlled at 20 m/min.
  • Dyeing High temperature dyeing according to color requirements: dyeing at 130 degrees Celsius, holding for 45 minutes.
  • the second lint is pulled one by one for the front and back, and the hair height is about 1.2cm.
  • Brushing and shearing After the second raising, the length of the fabric is uneven, and the hairiness of each side should be smoothed and trimmed to obtain a smooth appearance of the surface of the fabric.
  • the speed of the bristles and shearing is controlled at 22 m/min.
  • the finished fabrics are sent to the nine-product inspection workshop for grade evaluation (for example, according to the national textile industry standards), and then packaged and labeled, and incorporated into the warehouse for delivery.
  • grade evaluation for example, according to the national textile industry standards
  • a double-sided absorbent fabric comprising warp and weft, a warp yarn of 100D polyester low-elastic yarn, and a weft yarn of 160D polyester-composite microfiber.
  • the warp yarn from the left (first side) to the right (second side) is warp yarn 5, warp yarn 2, warp yarn 3, warp yarn 4 and warp yarn 5, weft yarn from bottom (first Three sides) upward (fourth side) are weft yarn 31, weft yarn 32, weft yarn 33, weft yarn 34, weft yarn 5, weft yarn 36, weft yarn 37, weft yarn 38, weft yarn 39 and weft yarn 40
  • the five classics and ten latitudes are a circular structure.
  • the weft yarns 31 pass through the lower portion of the warp yarns 5 and are highlighted on the warp yarns 6, the warp yarns 3, the warp yarns 4, 8 and the warp yarns 5; the weft yarns 32 are protruded from the upper portion of the warp yarns 5, through the warp yarns 6, and the warp yarns.
  • the weft yarn 33 is prominently displayed on the warp yarn 5, the warp yarn 2, the warp yarn 3 and the warp yarn 5, and passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn 4; the weft yarn 34 passes through The warp yarns 5, warp yarns 6, warp yarns 3, 7 and warp yarns 5, 9 are protruded from the upper portion of the warp yarns 4; the weft yarns 5, 35 are prominently formed on the warp yarns 5, warp yarns 3, warp yarns 4 and warp yarns 5
  • the lower part of the warp yarn 6 is 6; the weft yarn 36 is passed through the warp yarn 5, the warp yarn 3, the warp yarn 4 and the warp yarn 5, and is protruded from the upper portion of the warp yarn 6; the weft yarn 737 is highlighted in the warp yarn 5.
  • the warp yarns 6, the warp yarns 3, 7 and the upper portions of the warp yarns 4 are passed through the lower portion of the warp yarns 5; the weft yarns 38 are passed through the warp yarns 5, the warp yarns 6, the warp yarns 3, and the warp yarns 4, which are highlighted in the upper part of the warp yarns 5
  • the weft yarn IX 39 is prominently formed on the warp yarn 5, the warp yarn 2, the warp yarn 4 and the warp yarn 5, and passes through the lower portion of the warp yarn 3; the weft yarn 40 passes through the warp yarn 5, the warp yarn 2, and the warp yarn 4 And the lower part of the warp yarn 9 is highlighted on the upper part of the warp yarn 3 7 .
  • the preparation method of the double-sided water-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
  • Raw material selection ⁇ warping ⁇ weaving ⁇ inspection ⁇ refining ⁇ drying ⁇ first napping • spinning • washing ⁇ pre-type ⁇ dyeing ⁇ stereotype ⁇ second napping ⁇ bristles, shearing ⁇ stereotype ⁇ inspection packaging.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • Warping Using a batch warping machine to warp, the warp yarn cylinder wrapped with 100D polyester low elastic yarn is hung on the warping frame, and the 100D polyester low elastic yarn is retracted from the warp cylinder to the warp beam.
  • the warp speed is controlled at 1200 m/min, and the warping tension is controlled at 0.09 g/D. According to the difference in the total warp yarn number of the warp beam, the number of warping batches is set and processed into the warp beam required for weaving.
  • the warp beam that has been finished by warping will be machined on the warp beam through the weaving, piercing and boring machine, and the warp beam will be put on the loom for debugging. According to the process setting, the required weft gear will be installed.
  • the 175D polyester/polyamide composite microfiber is placed on the storage weft, and then the weaving machine is weaved and debugged until the normal opening, and the speed is controlled at 550 rpm.
  • Refining the process of weaving the finished grey fabric, desizing, removing oil and pre-shrinking on the refining machine; the process is: the weaving of the finished grey fabric, desizing, removing oil and pre-shrinking on the refiner, refining the liquid alkali
  • the content is 2 g / liter, the temperature is 98 ° C, and the speed is controlled at about 45 m / min.
  • Drying Drying the semi-finished fabric after refining and fully pre-shrinking the weft yarn to create conditions for the lowering of the lower loop; the temperature of the drying cylinder is controlled at 140 degrees Celsius.
  • the first time of raising the fleece the drying of the grey fabric is carried out on multiple sides of the multi-passing process, and the front and back sides are respectively pulled 10 times, the hair height is 1.5 cm; the speed of the pulling machine is controlled at 25 m/min. The height of the hair is the length of the pile.
  • Opening fiber Deep lye ablation treatment of polyester/cotton ultrafine fiber to make the deep-layer fiber of the weft yarn fluffy and easy to break, and prepare for secondary plucking; the process is: opening and reducing the weft yarn with a certain concentration of alkali liquid The process of denudation facilitates the raising of the next process; the concentration of the lye is controlled at 0.2 liters/meter, and the temperature of the liquid is controlled at 95 degrees Celsius.
  • Washing The opened fabric is stained with corrosive lye, which needs to be cleaned with water in this process. Wash and dry work.
  • the pre-dyed fabric is pre-formed to prevent the door panel from being excessively contracted by heat, and the control panel is in a reasonable range; the process is: drying the dyed fabric at a high temperature and Stereotype, which is conducive to the secondary raising and bristles and shearing of the subsequent process; the control setting temperature is maintained at 140 degrees Celsius, and the vehicle speed is controlled at 20 meters/minute.
  • Dyeing High temperature dyeing according to color requirements: dyeing at 130 degrees Celsius, holding for 50 minutes.
  • the second lint is pulled one by one for the front and back, and the hair height is about 1.5cm.
  • Brushing and shearing After the second raising, the length of the fabric is uneven, and the hairiness of each side should be smoothed and trimmed to obtain a smooth appearance of the surface of the fabric.
  • the speed of the bristles and shearing is controlled at 20 m/min.
  • the finished fabrics are sent to the nine-product inspection workshop for grade evaluation (for example, according to the national textile industry standards), and then packaged and labeled, and incorporated into the warehouse for delivery.
  • grade evaluation for example, according to the national textile industry standards
  • a double-sided water-absorbent fabric comprising warp and weft yarns, a warp yarn using 50D polyester low-elastic yarn, and a weft yarn using 75D polyester-composite composite microfiber; the structure and preparation method of the double-sided water-absorbing fabric are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the utility model relates to a double-sided water-absorbing fabric, which comprises a warp yarn and a weft yarn, a warp yarn adopts a 120D polyester low-elastic yarn, and a weft yarn adopts an 85D polyester-composite composite microfiber; the structure and a preparation method of the double-sided water-absorbent fabric are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • a double-sided absorbent fabric comprising warp and weft yarns, a warp yarn using 60D polyester low-elastic yarn, and a weft yarn using 100D polyester-composite composite microfiber; the structure and preparation method of the double-sided water-absorbing fabric are the same as in the second embodiment.
  • the utility model relates to a double-sided water-absorbing fabric, which comprises a warp yarn and a weft yarn, a warp yarn adopts a 125D polyester low-elastic yarn, and a weft yarn adopts a 180D polyester-composite composite microfiber; the structure and a preparation method of the double-sided water-absorbent fabric are the same as those in the second embodiment.
  • the utility model relates to a double-sided water-absorbing fabric, which comprises a warp yarn and a weft yarn, a warp yarn adopts a 65D polyester low-elastic yarn, and a weft yarn adopts a 160D polyester-composite composite microfiber;
  • the structure of the double-sided water-absorbing fabric is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the preparation method comprises the following steps. :
  • Raw material selection ⁇ warping ⁇ weaving ⁇ inspection ⁇ refining ⁇ drying ⁇ first napping • spinning • washing ⁇ pre-type ⁇ dyeing ⁇ stereotype ⁇ second napping ⁇ bristles, shearing ⁇ stereotype ⁇ inspection packaging.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • Warping Using a batch warping machine to warp, the warp yarn cylinder wrapped with 65D polyester low elastic yarn is hung on the warping frame, and the 65D polyester low elastic yarn is retracted from the warp cylinder to the warp beam.
  • the process of warping speed is controlled at 900 m/min, the warping tension is controlled at 0.1 g/D, and the number of warping batches is set according to the number of warp yarns of the warp beam, and finally processed into the warp beam required for weaving.
  • the warp beam that has been finished by warping will be machined on the warp beam through the weaving, piercing and boring machine, and the warp beam will be put on the loom for debugging. According to the process setting, the required weft gear will be installed.
  • the 160D polyester/polyamide composite microfiber is placed on the storage weft, and then the weaving machine is weaved and debugged until the normal opening, and the speed is controlled at 450 rpm.
  • Refining The process of weaving the finished fabric, desizing, removing oil and pre-shrinking on the refiner; the process is: the weaving of the finished fabric, desizing, degreasing and pre-shrinking on the refiner.
  • the refining liquid has a base content of 2 g/l, a temperature of 96 degrees Celsius, and a vehicle speed of about 45 m/min.
  • Drying Drying the semi-finished fabric after refining and fully pre-shrinking the weft yarn to create conditions for the lowering of the lower loop; the temperature of the drying cylinder is controlled at 140 degrees Celsius.
  • the first pulling of the fleece the drying of the grey fabric is carried out on multiple sides of the multi-passing process, and the front and back sides are respectively pulled 9 times, the hair height is 1.5 cm; the speed of the pulling machine is controlled at 22 m/min.
  • Opening fiber Deep lye ablation treatment of polyester/cotton ultrafine fiber to make the deep-layer fiber of the weft yarn fluffy and easy to break, and prepare for secondary plucking; the process is: opening and reducing the weft yarn with a certain concentration of alkali liquid The process of denudation facilitates the raising of the next process; the concentration of the lye is controlled at 0.16 liters/meter, and the liquid temperature is controlled at 100 degrees Celsius.
  • Washing The opened fabric is stained with corrosive lye, which needs to be cleaned and dried with water in this process.
  • Predetermined type According to the required width requirements of the finished product, the pre-dyed fabric is pre-formed to prevent the door.
  • the web is over-contracted by heat, and the width of the control door is in a reasonable range; the process is: drying and shaping the dyed fabric at a high temperature, which is beneficial to the secondary raising and bristles and shearing of the thick-process process; the control setting temperature is maintained at 150 degrees Celsius.
  • the speed is controlled at 20 m/min.
  • Dyeing High temperature dyeing according to color requirements: dyeing at 130 degrees Celsius, holding time for 45 minutes.
  • the second napping is pulled one by one for the front and back, the hair height is about 1.5cm, and the speed of the pulling machine is controlled below 15m/min.
  • Brushing and shearing After the second raising, the length of the fabric is uneven, and the hairiness of each side should be smoothed and trimmed to obtain a smooth appearance of the surface of the fabric.
  • the speed of the bristles and shearing is controlled at 25 m/min.
  • the finished fabrics are sent to the nine-product inspection workshop for grade evaluation (for example, according to the national textile industry standards), and then packaged and labeled, and incorporated into the warehouse for delivery.
  • grade evaluation for example, according to the national textile industry standards
  • the utility model relates to a double-sided water-absorbing fabric, which comprises a warp yarn and a weft yarn, a warp yarn adopts a 95D polyester low-elastic yarn, and a weft yarn adopts a 195D polyester-composite composite microfiber;
  • the structure of the double-sided water-absorbing fabric is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the preparation method comprises the following steps. :
  • Raw material selection ⁇ warping ⁇ weaving ⁇ inspection ⁇ refining ⁇ drying ⁇ first napping • spinning • washing ⁇ pre-type ⁇ dyeing ⁇ stereotype ⁇ second napping ⁇ bristles, shearing ⁇ stereotype ⁇ inspection packaging.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • Warping Using a batch warping machine to warp, the warp yarn cylinder wrapped with 95D polyester low elastic yarn is hung on the warping frame, and the 95D polyester low elastic yarn is retracted from the warp cylinder to the warp beam.
  • the process of warping speed is controlled at 1100 m / min, the warping tension is controlled at 0.09 g / D, and the number of warping batches is set according to the number of warp yarns of the warp beam, and finally processed into the warp beam required for weaving.
  • the warp beam that has been finished by warping will be machined on the warp beam through the weaving, piercing and boring machine, and the warp beam will be put on the loom for debugging. According to the process setting, the required weft gear will be installed.
  • the 195D polyester/polyamide composite microfiber is placed on the storage weft, and then the weaving machine is weaved and debugged until the normal opening, and the speed is controlled at 450 rpm.
  • Refining The process of weaving the finished fabric, desizing, removing oil and pre-shrinking on the refiner; the process is: the weaving of the finished fabric, desizing, degreasing and pre-shrinking on the refiner.
  • the refining liquid has a base content of 2 g/l, a temperature of 96 degrees Celsius, and a vehicle speed of about 45 m/min.
  • Drying Drying the semi-finished fabric after refining and fully pre-shrinking the weft yarn to create conditions for the lower looping; the temperature of the drying cylinder is controlled at 130 degrees Celsius.
  • the first pulling of the fleece the drying of the grey fabric is carried out on multiple sides of the multi-passing process, and the front and back sides are respectively pulled 9 times, the hair height is 2.0 cm; the speed of the pulling machine is controlled at 22 m/min.
  • Opening fiber Deep lye ablation treatment of polyester/cotton ultrafine fiber to make the deep-layer fiber of the weft yarn fluffy and easy to break, and prepare for secondary plucking; the process is: opening and reducing the weft yarn with a certain concentration of alkali liquid The process of denudation facilitates the raising of the next process; the concentration of the lye is controlled at 0.16 liters/meter, and the liquid temperature is at 98 degrees Celsius.
  • Washing The opened fabric is stained with corrosive lye, which needs to be cleaned and dried with water in this process.
  • the pre-dyed fabric is pre-formed to prevent the door panel from being excessively contracted by heat, and the control panel is in a reasonable range; the process is: drying the dyed fabric at a high temperature and Stereotype, which is conducive to the secondary raising and bristles and shearing of the thick-process process; the control setting temperature is maintained at 145 degrees Celsius, and the vehicle speed is controlled at 20 meters/minute.
  • Dyeing High temperature dyeing according to color requirements: dyeing at 130 degrees Celsius, holding time for 45 minutes.
  • the second napping is pulled one by one for the front and back, the hair height is about 1.2cm, and the speed of the pulling machine is controlled below 15m/min.
  • Brushing and shearing After the second raising, the length of the fabric is uneven, and the hairiness of each side should be smoothed and trimmed to obtain a smooth appearance of the surface of the fabric.
  • the speed of the bristles and shearing is controlled at 25 m/min.
  • the finished fabrics are sent to the nine-product inspection workshop for grade evaluation (for example, according to the national textile industry standards), and then packaged and labeled, and incorporated into the warehouse for delivery.
  • grade evaluation for example, according to the national textile industry standards
  • Example 2 Compared with Example 1, in the preparation of the double-sided absorbent fabric, only one napping was used.
  • Example 2 The same as in Example 1 except that the weft yarn was replaced with the 175D polyester/composite composite triangular shaped yarn.
  • Example 1 The same as in Example 1 except that the warp yarn was replaced with a 75D imitation cotton shaped cross-section polyester water-absorbent fiber as compared with Example 1.
  • the double-sided water-absorbent fabrics prepared in the above Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were tested for water absorption and water absorption rates.
  • the results are shown in Tables 1-2, wherein the method for measuring the water absorption of the fabric was: Put 4 grams of the fabric into clear water until it is completely immersed in water, after reaching saturated water absorption, take out (without dripping water) and weigh it to get the amount of water absorbed (g); the water absorption rate is determined by: 10cm ⁇ 10 cm square The time (in seconds) that the fabric was horizontally placed in clean water until it completely sunk below the water surface.
  • the water-absorbing fabric prepared in Examples 1-8 has a water absorption amount of ⁇ 4 g/unit weight, and the water absorption rate can be controlled to ⁇ 18 seconds/unit area, and the water-absorbing fabric can be controlled.
  • the outer tensile strength can reach 250N or more / 350N or more (thin/thickness), while the water-absorbent fabric prepared in the comparative example 1-5 has comprehensive performance in terms of water absorption, water absorption rate and external tensile strength. Not as in Examples 1-8.
  • the double-sided water-absorbent fabric prepared by the present disclosure not only has high water absorption, but also improves the appearance and feel of the fabric, and can be widely applied to the fields of children's clothing, home bath textiles, and wiping and nursing of high-precision instruments and equipment.
  • the hydrophilic auxiliary agent is omitted in the preparation process, the consumer is safer and healthier in use, the processing cost and the energy consumption are reduced, and the water absorption and moisture absorption effect after the product washing is prevented.
  • the double-sided water-absorbing fabric provided by the present disclosure adopts a double-faced twill or satin structure, and is processed by the double-faced raising of the fabric, which not only makes the fabric highly absorbent, but also improves the appearance of the fabric, and is widely applicable.
  • the consumers are safer and healthier during use, which is reduced. Processing cost and energy consumption, while preventing the water absorption and moisture absorption effect of the product after washing.

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Abstract

本公开涉及一种双面吸水性面料，例如涉及一种双面起绒高吸水性面料，所述面料包括经纱和纬纱，其中经纱采用50旦尼尔～150旦尼尔涤纶低弹丝，纬纱采用75旦尼尔～200旦尼尔涤锦复合超细纤维。

Description

双面吸水性面料及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本公开涉及纺织领域，例如涉及一种双面吸水性面料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
吸水性面料，是指采用具有吸水功能的纤维原料所织造的具有擦拭、浴用功能的可吸水的面料，主要用于室内浴巾、浴袍、浴衣、运动毛巾、儿童服装等领域。目前所采用的原材料主要为二大类：一类是利用棉、麻等织物纤维天然的亲水性能，经针织机起圈处理，产生毛圈外观获得，加工领域为针织行业；另一类是利用异性截面化学纤维增大吸水面积以提高吸水性能，加工领域为针织、梭织行业。
以上两类原材料所制得的吸水性面料虽然具有一定的吸水效果，但存在的弊端也是显而易见的。其中，植物纤维面料虽然吸水效果好，但存在易褪色、不耐洗、易磨损及尺寸稳定性差等问题，增加了使用成本并降低了品质；而异性截面化学纤维虽具有一定的吸水效果，但并不是通过纤维材料本身具有的亲水基团与水结合，而是利用异性截面化学纤维的异性截面结构(非圆形结构)增大与水分子接触面积从而达到吸水效果，这样所增加的接触面积有限，在吸水量和速率方面远逊于植物纤维天然的亲水特性，而且，在梭织面料领域中，化学纤维多以集束状形态交织为单面吸水结构，吸水效果不理想，同时，为了增强吸水效果，对此种方式加工的面料只能在后处理时在面料中加入亲水剂予以补偿，但这会造成使用中吸水效果不能持久，另外，由于所加助剂为化学品，对人的皮肤有一定伤害。
因此，如何有效提高面料的吸水性并避免在生产加工中加入对人和环境造成不利影响的化学助剂，已成为目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
基于目前存在的问题，本公开提供了一种双面吸水性面料，例如提供一种双面起绒高吸水性面料；该双面吸水性面料具有高吸水性，并具有舒适轻柔的触感，可广泛适用于儿童服装、家庭浴用纺织品以及高精密仪器设备的擦拭和护理等领域。
本公开采用了以下技术方案：
第一方面，本公开提供了一种双面吸水性面料，该面料包括经纱和纬纱；
所述经纱采用50D～150D涤纶低弹丝，所述纬纱采用75D～200D涤锦复合超细纤维。
本公开中采用经纱为涤纶低弹丝，纬纱为涤锦复合超细纤维，二者的组合具有协同增效作用，不仅能使织物面料具有较强的吸水特性，使吸水量达到4克/单位重量以上，吸水速率控制在18秒钟/单位面积以下，而且能使面料具有优异的抗拉伸能力以及舒适轻柔的触感，面料的外拉伸强力可达到250N(牛顿，简称牛)以上/350N以上(薄/厚)，大大增强了面料的使用效果。
在经纱材料的选择上，本公开采用了涤纶低弹丝，涤纶低弹丝能保证织物面料具有较强的抗拉伸能力，并作为表面吸水材料抵御外力拉伸和保持织物平整外观的材料；在纬纱材料的选择上，本公开采用由千余根单丝组成的涤锦复合超细纤维，单丝平均纤度在0.15dtex(分特克斯，简称分特)左右，因此能最大限度地增大浮长；当采用正反面进行两次拉毛起绒的方式将单丝拉出断裂后，使得织物正反表面会呈现不计其数的纤细绒毛，此时，液体则可通过这些绒毛以虹吸的方式快速传导进入到织物内部及另外一侧，最大程度地吸入水性液体，从而使织物实现高吸水性。
本公开中，所述双面吸水性面料的织造结构可以是采用以下两种方式：
正反四枚变化斜纹结构，可以是：经纱自第一侧向第二侧依次为经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱四，纬纱从第三侧向第四侧依次为纬纱一、纬纱二、纬纱三、纬纱四、纬纱五、纬纱六、纬纱七和纬纱八；
所述纬纱一穿过经纱一下部，凸显在经纱二、经纱三和经纱四上部；
所述纬纱二凸显于经纱一上部，穿过经纱二、经纱三和经纱四下部；
所述纬纱三凸显于经纱一、经纱三和经纱四上部，穿过经纱二下部；
所述纬纱四穿过经纱一、经纱三和经纱四下部，凸显于经纱二上部；
所述纬纱五凸显于经纱一、经纱二和经纱三上部，穿过经纱四下部；
所述纬纱六穿过经纱一、经纱二和经纱三下部，凸显于经纱四上部；
所述纬纱七凸显于经纱一、经纱二和经纱四上部，穿过经纱三下部；
所述纬纱八穿过经纱一、经纱二和经纱四下部，凸显于经纱三上部。
或者，正反五枚缎纹结构，可以是：经纱自第一侧向第二侧依次为经纱一、经纱二、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五，纬纱从第三侧向第四侧依次为纬纱一、纬 纱二、纬纱三、纬纱四、纬纱五、纬纱六、纬纱七、纬纱八、纬纱九和纬纱十；
所述纬纱一穿过经纱一下部，凸显于经纱二、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五上部；所述纬纱二凸显于经纱一上部，穿过经纱二、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五下部；所述纬纱三凸显于经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱五上部，穿过经纱四下部；所述纬纱四穿过经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱五下部，凸显于经纱四上部；所述纬纱五凸显于经纱一、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五上部，穿过经纱二下部；所述纬纱六穿过经纱一、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五下部，凸显于经纱二上部；所述纬纱七凸显于经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱四上部，穿过经纱五下部；所述纬纱八穿过经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱四下部，凸显于经纱五上部；所述纬纱九凸显于经纱一、经纱二、经纱四和经纱五上部，穿过经纱三下部；所述纬纱十穿过经纱一、经纱二、经纱四和经纱五下部，凸显于经纱三上部。
本公开通过采用正反四枚变化斜纹和正反五枚缎纹结构，可将经、纬浮长控制在更加合理的范围内，并使经纱、纬纱的交织点与未交织点的比例控制在20～25∶75～80，例如20∶80、21∶79、22∶78、23∶77或25∶75等，即织物表面75％～80％的区域是被涤锦复合超细纤维所覆盖，这样能够使得面料在满足高吸水效果的同时，保证了面料的紧密度；相比采用正反五枚变化斜纹或正反六枚缎纹结构等，能使整个面料在加工成衣或擦拭产品时尺寸更加稳定，同时抗拉伸能力更强。
本公开所述面料采用正反变化斜纹或缎纹结构所具有的优势在于：
1)疏松性：采用有一定纬纱浮长的变化斜纹或缎纹结构，使得织物交织点大大减少，在保证面料紧密度的同时，更有利于液体水分子的渗透；
2)易于起绒性：由于纬纱采用由多根单丝组成的涤锦复合超细纤维原料，在起绒时，每一面的纬纱浮长的长短对机械起绒的难易有很大影响，浮长越长，越容易让起绒金属钢针将纤维拉出拉断，纤维内部的更多单丝越容易充分暴露出来，使得纤维产生的绒羽越多，在织物表面分布的越稠密，这样，液态水分子与更多超细纤维单丝可以充分接触和产生虹吸现象，以达到面料高吸水的效果；
3)易于产生轻柔的触感：采用正反变化斜纹或缎纹结构，经纱、纬纱的交织点与未交织点的比例在20～25∶75～80，通俗地说就是，织物表面75％～80％区域是被超细纤维所覆盖，在经过后处理起绒遮盖后，织物的表面完全被涤锦复合 超细纤维吸水毛羽所覆盖，既保证了织物对液态水分子的充分吸收，同时获得舒适轻柔的触感，达到了功能性和舒适性的完美结合。
本公开中所采用的正反四枚变化斜纹结构，具有两个吸水面，每一面的纹路(也叫组织结构)是相同的，都采用四枚破斜纹，所谓“破”是指非常规的3/1斜纹结构，该3/1斜纹结构的斜向在中间发生反转，防止纹路具有方向性，所产生的毛羽更均匀，四经八纬为一个循环结构。
本公开中所采用的正反五枚缎纹结构，同样具有两个吸水面，每一面的纹路(也叫组织结构)是相同的，都采用五枚缎纹，五经十纬为一个循环结构。
以上两种结构中，双面斜纹结构相对挺括，而双面缎纹结构相对柔软，可以满足儿童服装、家庭浴用纺织品以及高精密仪器设备的擦拭和护理等领域的多种需求。
本公开中，所述双面吸水性面料中的经纱采用50D(denier，旦尼尔)～150D涤纶低弹丝，例如可以是50D、60D、70D、75D、80D、90D、100D、120D或150D等；所述纬纱采用75D～200D涤锦复合超细纤维，例如可以是75D、85D、90D、100D、120D、130D、150D、180D或200D等。
第二方面，本公开还提供了如第一方面所述的双面吸水性面料的制备方法，所述方法包括原料选择，整经，织造，检验，精炼，烘干，第一次拉毛起绒，开纤，水洗，预定型，染色，定型，第二次起绒，刷毛、剪毛，定型以及检验包装。
本公开所述双面吸水性面料的制备方法中，可将加工过程大致分为坯布加工和后处理起绒染色两个过程。
其中，坯布加工过程的流程包括：原料检验，经纱整经，浆丝，并轴，造机，上轴织造，落布，检验以及入库，其中还包括原料选择和坯布织造，原料采用经纱为涤纶低弹丝，纬纱为涤锦复合超细纤维，坯布织造的操作可以是：采用梭织机进行，首先经过对经纱(涤纶低弹丝)进行上浆处理，目的是增大纱线的抱合及耐磨性，确保机械织造过程的生产效率；该坯布采用斜纹或缎纹结构设计，以使面料的纬纱浮长满足对正反面拉毛的丰满疏松需求。需要注意的是，经纬纱密度在设计上要达到外力拉伸所需要的织物密度；同时，纬纱密度越高，吸水效果越强。
其中，后处理起绒染色加工过程的流程包括：坯布，精炼，烘干，第一次拉毛起绒，开纤，水洗，预定型，染色，定型，第二次起绒，刷毛、剪毛，定 型，检验以及包装，其中，精炼：退浆；烘干：预缩；减减量：开纤；预定型：固定半成品门幅；染色：按照颜色要求进缸染色加工；定型：为二次拉毛准备；定型：最终固定成品门幅；刷毛、剪毛：面料表面毛羽整理。
对于所述双面吸水性面料的制备方法中，其中最重要的操作是进行的两次拉毛起绒处理，其中第一次拉毛起绒为面料正反面分别拉8～10道，例如8道、9道或10道，毛高1.5～2.0cm(厘米)，例如1.5cm、1.6cm、1.7cm、1.8cm、1.9cm或2.0cm；第二次起绒为正反面分别拉1～2道，毛高在1.0～1.5cm，例如1.0cm、1.1cm、1.2cm、1.3cm、1.4cm或1.5cm。
通过采用上述两次拉毛起绒操作，能够将涤锦复合超细纤维分散成上千根单丝(0.15分特/根左右)的形式站立在织物表面，利用虹吸原理吸附液态水分子，将大大提高吸水量和吸水速率，可以是：
1)吸水量为4克以上/单位重量(4克面料)；所述吸水量是指浸入水中取出至不滴水为止时的吸水量；
2)吸水速率为18秒钟以下/单位面积(10cm×10cm)；所述吸水速率是指面料完全浸入水中时所消耗的时间。
可选地，所述整经包括：采用分批整经机整经，将缠有纱线的经纱筒挂在整经架上，将纱线从经纱筒上退解到经轴上，其中，整经线速度以及整经张力是根据所述纱线的规格进行调节的。
可选地，所述纱线速度控制在800～1000米/分钟，例如800米/分钟、820米/分钟、850米/分钟、900米/分钟、950米/分钟或1000米/分钟，整经张力控制在0.08～0.1g/D(克/丹尼尔)，例如0.08g/D、0.09g/D或0.1g/D，根据经轴总经纱数的不同，设定整经批数，再最终加工成织造所需要的经轴。
可选地，所述精炼包括：将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩。
可选地，所述精炼用到的精炼液碱含量为2克/升，精炼温度为95～98摄氏度，例如95摄氏度、95.5摄氏度、96摄氏度、96.5摄氏度、97摄氏度或98摄氏度，车速控制在45米/分钟。
可选地，所述开纤包括：用碱液对纬纱进行开纤减量剥蚀。
可选地，所述碱液浓度控制在0.15～0.2升/米之间，例如0.15升/米、0.16升/米、0.17升/米、0.18升/米、0.19升/米或0.2升/米，碱液温度控制在90～100摄氏度，例如90摄氏度、92摄氏度、95摄氏度、96摄氏度、97摄氏度、98摄氏度或100摄 氏度。
可选地，所述定型包括：将经过染色后的面料进行高温烘干和定型。
可选地，所述定型温度控制在130～150摄氏度，例如130摄氏度、135摄氏度、140摄氏度、145摄氏度或150摄氏度，车速20米/分钟。
另外，在本公开所述方法中没有添加任何形式的亲水助剂以及任何化学助剂，不仅可以保证面料的高吸水率，而且还能使消费者在使用过程中更安全、更健康，并且更环保，减少了亲水助剂废液的水处理环节，降低了加工成本和能源消耗，同时防止因洗涤后产品的吸水透湿效果的降低。
第三方面，本公开还提供了如第一方面所述的双面吸水性面料的应用，包括：将所述双面吸水性面料应用在儿童服装、家庭浴用纺织品或高精密仪器设备的擦拭和护理用织物中。
(1)本公开中采用经纱为涤纶低弹丝，纬纱为涤锦复合超细纤维，二者的组合具有协同增效作用，不仅能使织物面料具有较强的吸水特性，使吸水量达到4克/单位重量以上，吸水速率控制在18秒钟/单位面积以下，而且能使面料具有优异的抗拉伸能力以及舒适轻柔的触感，该面料的外拉伸强力可达到250N以上/350N以上(薄/厚)，大大增强了面料的使用效果，该面料的受热稳定性为-3％～3％；
(2)本公开通过采取织物表面起绒的方法，改善梭织物表面吸水方式，由原来仅仅将异形截面化学纤维作为吸水材料交织于织物单个表面获得吸水效果，创造性地将涤锦复合超细纤维分散成上千根单丝(0.15分特/根左右)的形式站立在织物表面，利用虹吸原理吸附液态水分子，大大提高了吸水量和吸水速率；
(3)本公开通过采取双面吸水方式，根据消费者对织物手感的不同需求(相对挺括或绵软)，采用了两种不同的交织结构，使得涤锦复合超细纤维交织于织物的两个表面时充分增大该材料浮于表面的比例(75％～80％)，利用交织点少、织物疏松的特点，使得大量水分子可以更容易地吸入织物内部并传导到织物的另外一侧；
(4)相较于以往梭织吸水织物的异性截面化学纤维以集束的形式吸附水分子，本公开将浮于织物表面的涤锦复合超细纤维通过后处理开纤，纤维束分散成上千根超细单丝并用外力打断，产生如毛细血管般的多孔状结构，利用虹吸原理获得了比传统吸水织物更多的吸水量，吸水速率更快，传导面积更大的效果；
(5)本公开的制备方法中没有添加任何形式的亲水助剂以及任何化学助剂，该制备方法不仅可以保证面料的高吸水率，而且还能使消费者在使用过程中更安全、更健康，并且更环保，减少了亲水助剂废液的水处理环节，降低了加工成本和能源消耗，同时防止因洗涤后产品的吸水透湿效果的降低。
附图概述
图1是实施例1采用的正反四枚变化斜纹结构正面示意图；
图2是实施例1采用的正反四枚变化斜纹结构侧面示意图；
图3是实施例2采用的正反五枚缎纹结构正面示意图；
图4是实施例2采用的正反五枚缎纹结构侧面示意图。
其中，1-经纱一，2-经纱二，3-经纱三，4-经纱四，5-经纱一，6-经纱二，7-经纱三，8-经纱四，9-经纱五，11-纬纱一，12-纬纱二，13-纬纱三，14-纬纱四，15-纬纱五，16-纬纱六，17-纬纱七，18-纬纱八，31-纬纱一，32-纬纱二，33-纬纱三，34-纬纱四，35-纬纱五，36-纬纱六，37-纬纱七，38-纬纱八，39-纬纱九，40-纬纱十。
下面对本公开详细说明。但下述的实例仅仅是本公开的简易例子。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来说明本公开的技术方案。
为更好地说明本公开，便于理解本公开的技术方案，本公开的典型但非限制性的实施例如下：
实施例1
一种双面吸水性面料，包括经纱和纬纱，经纱采用75D涤纶低弹丝，纬纱采用175D涤锦复合超细纤维。
如图1-2所示，经纱自左(第一侧)向右(第二侧)依次为经纱一1、经纱二2、经纱三3和经纱四4，纬纱从下(第三侧)向上(第四侧)依次为纬纱一11、纬纱二12、纬纱三13、纬纱四14、纬纱五15、纬纱六16、纬纱七17和纬纱八18，以四经八纬为一个循环结构。
所述纬纱一11穿过经纱一1下部，凸显在经纱二2、经纱三3和经纱四4上部；
所述纬纱二12凸显于经纱一1上部，穿过经纱二2、经纱三3和经纱四4下部；
所述纬纱三13凸显于经纱一1、经纱三3和经纱四4上部，穿过经纱二2下部；
所述纬纱四14穿过经纱一1、经纱三3和经纱四4下部，凸显于经纱二2上部；
所述纬纱五15凸显于经纱一1、经纱二2和经纱三3上部，穿过经纱四4下部；
所述纬纱六16穿过经纱一1、经纱二2和经纱三3下部，凸显于经纱四4上部；
所述纬纱七17凸显于经纱一1、经纱二2和经纱四4上部，穿过经纱三3下部；
所述纬纱八18穿过经纱一1、经纱二2和经纱四4下部，凸显于经纱三3上部。
所述双面吸水性面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
原料选择→整经→织造→检验→精炼→烘干→第一次拉毛起绒→开纤→水洗→预定型→染色→定型→第二次起绒→刷毛、剪毛→定型→检验包装。
可选地，所述方法包括以下步骤：
整经：采用分批整经机整经，将缠有75D涤纶低弹丝纱线的经纱筒挂在整经架上，将75D涤纶低弹丝纱线从经纱筒上退解到经轴上的过程；整经线速度控制在1000米/分钟，整经张力控制在0.08g/D，根据经轴总经纱数的不同，设定整经批数，再加工成织造所需要的经轴。
织造：将整经完成的经轴，经过穿综、穿筘、经轴上机，即经轴上到织机上，进行调试，根据工艺设定，安装所需纬密齿轮，将175D涤锦复合超细纤维上到储纬架上，然后进行织机织造调试，直至正常开出，车速控制在550转/分钟左右。
检验：即坯布落布后在坯布检验机平台上进行坯布质量的检验和评级等，按照不同等级将坯布分别码放并挂牌(注明品号、长度、等级)，检验要求按照国家梭织行业标准。
精炼：即将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩的过程；工艺为：将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩的过程。精炼液碱含量为2克/升，温度为95摄氏度，车速控制在45米/分钟左右。
烘干：对精炼后的半成品坯布烘干并使纬纱充分预缩，为下道起绒拉毛创造条件；烘筒温度控制在125摄氏度。
第一次拉毛起绒：将烘干坯布进行多道的双面分别拉毛起绒过程，正反面分别拉8道，毛高1.8cm；拉毛机转速控制在22米/分钟。
开纤：对涤锦超细纤维进行深度碱液剥蚀处理，以达到使纬纱深层次的纤维蓬松易断，为二次拉毛做准备；工艺为：用一定浓度碱液对纬纱进行开纤减量剥蚀的过程，利于下道工序起绒拉毛；碱液浓度控制在0.18升/米，液温控制在90摄氏度。
水洗：开纤后的坯布沾有具有腐蚀性的碱液，需要在此工序用清水进行清洗和甩干工作。
预定型：根据成品所要求的门幅要求，对染色前的坯布做预定型，防止门幅受热过度收缩，控制门幅在合理的范围；工艺为：将经过染色后的面料进行高温烘干和定型，利于厚道工序的二次起绒和刷毛、剪毛；控制定型温度保持在130摄氏度，车速控制在20米/分钟。
染色：根据颜色要求进行高温染色：130摄氏度染色，保温45分钟即可。
二次定型：对染色、水洗、甩干后的色布进行烘干和门幅控制，为二次起绒做好准备，工艺同预定型。
二次起绒：第二次起绒为正反面分别拉1道，毛高1.2cm左右。
刷毛、剪毛：二次起绒后，面料毛长参差不齐，要对每面的毛羽做刷毛理顺和剪毛整齐的加工，以获得面料表面平整的毛感外观，刷毛、剪毛车速控制在22米/分钟。
三次定型：完成上述工序后，面料门幅会有所变化，要进行最终门幅的固定并添加柔软剂，使得面料手感更佳，工艺同预定型。
检验、包装：定型好的面料送九成品检验车间进行等级评定(例如按照国家纺织行业标准执行)，然后进行打包贴签作业，并入库待发。
实施例2
一种双面吸水性面料，包括经纱和纬纱，经纱采用100D涤纶低弹丝，纬纱采用160D涤锦复合超细纤维。
如图3-4所示，经纱自左(第一侧)向右(第二侧)依次为经纱一5、经纱二6、经纱三7、经纱四8和经纱五9，纬纱从下(第三侧)向上(第四侧)依次为纬纱一31、纬纱二32、纬纱三33、纬纱四34、纬纱五35、纬纱六36、纬纱七37、纬纱八38、纬纱九39和纬纱十40，五经十纬为一个循环结构。
所述纬纱一31穿过经纱一5下部，凸显于经纱二6、经纱三7、经纱四8和经纱五9上部；所述纬纱二32凸显于经纱一5上部，穿过经纱二6、经纱三7、经纱四8和经纱五9下部；所述纬纱三33凸显于经纱一5、经纱二6、经纱三7和经纱五9上部，穿过经纱四8下部；所述纬纱四34穿过经纱一5、经纱二6、经纱三7和经纱五9下部，凸显于经纱四8上部；所述纬纱五35凸显于经纱一5、经纱三7、经纱四8和经纱五9上部，穿过经纱二6下部；所述纬纱六36穿过经纱一5、经纱三7、经纱四8和经纱五9下部，凸显于经纱二6上部；所述纬纱七37凸显于经纱一5、 经纱二6、经纱三7和经纱四8上部，穿过经纱五9下部；所述纬纱八38穿过经纱一5、经纱二6、经纱三7和经纱四8下部，凸显于经纱五9上部；所述纬纱九39凸显于经纱一5、经纱二6、经纱四8和经纱五9上部，穿过经纱三7下部；所述纬纱十40穿过经纱一5、经纱二6、经纱四8和经纱五9下部，凸显于经纱三7上部。
所述双面吸水性面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
原料选择→整经→织造→检验→精炼→烘干→第一次拉毛起绒→开纤→水洗→预定型→染色→定型→第二次起绒→刷毛、剪毛→定型→检验包装。
可选地，所述方法包括以下步骤：
整经：采用分批整经机整经，将缠有100D涤纶低弹丝纱线的经纱筒挂在整经架上，将100D涤纶低弹丝纱线从经纱筒上退解到经轴上；整经线速度控制在1200米/分钟，整经张力控制在0.09g/D，根据经轴总经纱数的不同，设定整经批数，再加工成织造所需要的经轴。
织造：将整经完成的经轴，经过穿综、穿筘、上轴工进行经轴上机，将经轴上到织机上，进行调试，根据工艺设定，安装所需纬密齿轮，将175D涤锦复合超细纤维上到储纬架上，然后进行织机织造调试，直至正常开出，车速控制在550转/分钟左右。
检验：即坯布落布后在坯布检验机平台上进行坯布质量的检验和评级等，按照不同等级将坯布分别码放并挂牌(注明品号、长度、等级)，检验要求按照国家梭织行业标准。
精炼：即将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩的过程；工艺为：将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩的过程，精炼液碱含量为2克/升，温度为98摄氏度，车速控制在45米/分钟左右。
烘干：对精炼后的半成品坯布烘干并使纬纱充分预缩，为下道起绒拉毛创造条件；烘筒温度控制在140摄氏度。
第一次拉毛起绒：将烘干坯布进行多道的双面分别拉毛起绒过程，正反面分别拉10道，毛高1.5cm；拉毛机转速控制在25米/分钟。所述毛高为毛绒的长度。
开纤：对涤锦超细纤维进行深度碱液剥蚀处理，以达到使纬纱深层次的纤维蓬松易断，为二次拉毛做准备；工艺为：用一定浓度碱液对纬纱进行开纤减量剥蚀的过程，利于下道工序起绒拉毛；碱液浓度控制在0.2升/米，液温控制在95摄氏度。
水洗：开纤后的坯布沾有具有腐蚀性的碱液，需要在此工序用清水进行清 洗和甩干工作。
预定型：根据成品所要求的门幅要求，对染色前的坯布做预定型，防止门幅受热过度收缩，控制门幅在合理的范围；工艺为：将经过染色后的面料进行高温烘干和定型，利于后道工序的二次起绒和刷毛、剪毛；控制定型温度保持在140摄氏度，车速控制在20米/分钟。
染色：根据颜色要求进行高温染色：130摄氏度染色，保温50分钟即可。
二次定型：对染色、水洗、甩干后的色布进行烘干和门幅控制，为二次起绒做好准备，工艺同预定型。
二次起绒：第二次起绒为正反面分别拉1道，毛高1.5cm左右。
刷毛、剪毛：二次起绒后，面料毛长参差不齐，要对每面的毛羽做刷毛理顺和剪毛整齐的加工，以获得面料表面平整的毛感外观，刷毛、剪毛车速控制在20米/分钟。
三次定型：完成上述工序后，面料门幅会有所变化，要进行最终门幅的固定并添加柔软剂，使得面料手感更佳，工艺同预定型。
检验、包装：定型好的面料送九成品检验车间进行等级评定(例如按照国家纺织行业标准执行)，然后进行打包贴签作业，并入库待发。
实施例3
一种双面吸水性面料，包括经纱和纬纱，经纱采用50D涤纶低弹丝，纬纱采用75D涤锦复合超细纤维；该双面吸水性面料的结构和制备方法与实施例1相同。
实施例4
一种双面吸水性面料，包括经纱和纬纱，经纱采用120D涤纶低弹丝，纬纱采用85D涤锦复合超细纤维；该双面吸水性面料的结构和制备方法与实施例1相同。
实施例5
一种双面吸水性面料，包括经纱和纬纱，经纱采用60D涤纶低弹丝，纬纱采用100D涤锦复合超细纤维；该双面吸水性面料的结构和制备方法与实施例2相同。
实施例6
一种双面吸水性面料，包括经纱和纬纱，经纱采用125D涤纶低弹丝，纬纱采用180D涤锦复合超细纤维；该双面吸水性面料的结构和制备方法与实施例2相同。
实施例7
一种双面吸水性面料，包括经纱和纬纱，经纱采用65D涤纶低弹丝，纬纱采用160D涤锦复合超细纤维；该双面吸水性面料的结构与实施例1相同，制备方法包括以下步骤：
原料选择→整经→织造→检验→精炼→烘干→第一次拉毛起绒→开纤→水洗→预定型→染色→定型→第二次起绒→刷毛、剪毛→定型→检验包装。
可选地，所述方法包括以下步骤：
整经：采用分批整经机整经，将缠有65D涤纶低弹丝纱线的经纱筒挂在整经架上，将65D涤纶低弹丝纱线从经纱筒上退解到经轴上的过程；整经线速度控制在900米/分钟，整经张力控制在0.1g/D，根据经轴总经纱数的不同，设定整经批数，再最终加工成织造所需要的经轴。
织造：将整经完成的经轴，经过穿综、穿筘、上轴工进行经轴上机，将经轴上到织机上，进行调试，根据工艺设定，安装所需纬密齿轮，将160D涤锦复合超细纤维上到储纬架上，然后进行织机织造调试，直至正常开出，车速控制在450转/分钟左右。
检验：即坯布落布后在坯布检验机平台上进行坯布质量的检验和评级等，按照不同等级将坯布分别码放并挂牌(注明品号、长度、等级)，检验要求按照国家梭织行业标准。
精炼：即将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩的过程；工艺为：将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩的过程。精炼液碱含量为2克/升，温度为96摄氏度，车速控制在45米/分钟左右。
烘干：对精炼后的半成品坯布烘干并使纬纱充分预缩，为下道起绒拉毛创造条件；烘筒温度控制在140摄氏度。
第一次拉毛起绒：将烘干坯布进行多道的双面分别拉毛起绒过程，正反面分别拉9道，毛高1.5cm；拉毛机转速控制在22米/分钟。
开纤：对涤锦超细纤维进行深度碱液剥蚀处理，以达到使纬纱深层次的纤维蓬松易断，为二次拉毛做准备；工艺为：用一定浓度碱液对纬纱进行开纤减量剥蚀的过程，利于下道工序起绒拉毛；碱液浓度控制在0.16升/米，液温控制在100摄氏度。
水洗：开纤后的坯布沾有具有腐蚀性的碱液，需要在此工序用清水进行清洗和甩干工作。
预定型：根据成品所要求的门幅要求，对染色前的坯布做预定型，防止门 幅受热过度收缩，控制门幅在合理的范围；工艺为：将经过染色后的面料进行高温烘干和定型，利于厚道工序的二次起绒和刷毛、剪毛；控制定型温度保持在150摄氏度，车速控制在20米/分钟。
染色：根据颜色要求进行高温染色：130摄氏度染色，保温时间45分钟即可。
二次定型：对染色、水洗、甩干后的色布进行烘干和门幅控制，为二次起绒做好准备，工艺同预定型。
二次起绒：第二次起绒为正反面分别拉1道，毛高1.5cm左右，拉毛机转速控制在15米/分钟以下。
刷毛、剪毛：二次起绒后，面料毛长参差不齐，要对每面的毛羽做刷毛理顺和剪毛整齐的加工，以获得面料表面平整的毛感外观，刷毛、剪毛车速控制在25米/分钟。
三次定型：完成上述工序后，面料门幅会有所变化，要进行最终门幅的固定并添加柔软剂，使得面料手感更佳，工艺同预定型。
检验、包装：定型好的面料送九成品检验车间进行等级评定(例如按照国家纺织行业标准执行)，然后进行打包贴签作业，并入库待发。
实施例8
一种双面吸水性面料，包括经纱和纬纱，经纱采用95D涤纶低弹丝，纬纱采用195D涤锦复合超细纤维；该双面吸水性面料的结构与实施例2相同，制备方法包括以下步骤：
原料选择→整经→织造→检验→精炼→烘干→第一次拉毛起绒→开纤→水洗→预定型→染色→定型→第二次起绒→刷毛、剪毛→定型→检验包装。
可选地，所述方法包括以下步骤：
整经：采用分批整经机整经，将缠有95D涤纶低弹丝纱线的经纱筒挂在整经架上，将95D涤纶低弹丝纱线从经纱筒上退解到经轴上的过程；整经线速度控制在1100米/分钟，整经张力控制在0.09g/D，根据经轴总经纱数的不同，设定整经批数，再最终加工成织造所需要的经轴。
织造：将整经完成的经轴，经过穿综、穿筘、上轴工进行经轴上机，将经轴上到织机上，进行调试，根据工艺设定，安装所需纬密齿轮，将195D涤锦复合超细纤维上到储纬架上，然后进行织机织造调试，直至正常开出，车速控制在450转/分钟左右。
检验：即坯布落布后在坯布检验机平台上进行坯布质量的检验和评级等， 按照不同等级将坯布分别码放并挂牌(注明品号、长度、等级)，检验要求按照国家梭织行业标准。
精炼：即将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩的过程；工艺为：将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩的过程。精炼液碱含量为2克/升，温度为96摄氏度，车速控制在45米/分钟左右。
烘干：对精炼后的半成品坯布烘干并使纬纱充分预缩，为下道起绒拉毛创造条件；烘筒温度控制在130摄氏度。
第一次拉毛起绒：将烘干坯布进行多道的双面分别拉毛起绒过程，正反面分别拉9道，毛高2.0cm；拉毛机转速控制在22米/分钟。
开纤：对涤锦超细纤维进行深度碱液剥蚀处理，以达到使纬纱深层次的纤维蓬松易断，为二次拉毛做准备；工艺为：用一定浓度碱液对纬纱进行开纤减量剥蚀的过程，利于下道工序起绒拉毛；碱液浓度控制在0.16升/米，液温在98摄氏度。
水洗：开纤后的坯布沾有具有腐蚀性的碱液，需要在此工序用清水进行清洗和甩干工作。
预定型：根据成品所要求的门幅要求，对染色前的坯布做预定型，防止门幅受热过度收缩，控制门幅在合理的范围；工艺为：将经过染色后的面料进行高温烘干和定型，利于厚道工序的二次起绒和刷毛、剪毛；控制定型温度保持在145摄氏度，车速控制在20米/分钟。
染色：根据颜色要求进行高温染色：130摄氏度染色，保温时间45分钟即可。
二次定型：对染色、水洗、甩干后的色布进行烘干和门幅控制，为二次起绒做好准备，工艺同预定型。
二次起绒：第二次起绒为正反面分别拉1道，毛高1.2cm左右，拉毛机转速控制在15米/分钟以下。
刷毛、剪毛：二次起绒后，面料毛长参差不齐，要对每面的毛羽做刷毛理顺和剪毛整齐的加工，以获得面料表面平整的毛感外观，刷毛、剪毛车速控制在25米/分钟。
三次定型：完成上述工序后，面料门幅会有所变化，要进行最终门幅的固定并添加柔软剂，使得面料手感更佳，工艺同预定型。
检验、包装：定型好的面料送九成品检验车间进行等级评定(例如按照国家纺织行业标准执行)，然后进行打包贴签作业，并入库待发。
对比例1
与实施例1相比，在双面吸水性面料的制备过程中，只采用一次拉毛起绒。
对比例2
与实施例1相比，除将纬纱替换为175D涤锦复合三角异形丝外，其它与实施例1相同。
对比例3
与实施例1相比，除将经纱替换为75D仿棉异形截面涤纶吸水纤维外，其它与实施例1相同。
对比例4
与实施例1相比，除将正反四枚变化斜纹替换为正反五枚变化斜纹外，其它与实施例1相同。
对比例5
与实施例2相比，除将正反五枚缎纹结构替换为正反六枚缎纹结构外，其它与实施例2相同。
将上述实施例1-8和对比例1-5所制得的双面吸水性面料进行吸水量和吸水速率的测试，结果如表1～2所示，其中，织物吸水量的测定方法是：将4克该织物放入清水中，直至完全浸入水中，达到饱和吸水后，取出(以不滴水为准)进行称重，得出所吸收的水量(克)；吸水速率的测定方法是：将10cm×10cm正方形该织物水平放入清水中，直至完全沉入水面以下所耗用的时间(秒钟)。
表1
Figure PCTCN2017073555-appb-000001
表2
Figure PCTCN2017073555-appb-000002
通过上述结果可以看出，实施例1-8制备的吸水性面料，该吸水性面料的吸水量≥4克/单位重量，吸水速率均可以控制在≤18秒钟/单位面积，该吸水性面料的外拉伸强力可达到250N以上/350N以上(薄/厚)，而对比例1-5制备的吸水性面料，该吸水性面料的在吸水量、吸水速率以及外拉伸强力方面综合性能明显不如实施例1-8。
综上所述，本公开制备的双面吸水性面料不仅具有高吸水性，还改善了面料的外观触感，可广泛适用于儿童服装、家庭浴用纺织品以及高精密仪器设备的擦拭和护理等领域，同时由于在制备过程中省略了亲水助剂的添加，从而使消费者在使用过程中更安全、更健康，降低了加工成本和能源消耗，同时防止了产品洗涤后吸水透湿效果的降低。
申请人声明，本公开通过上述实施例来说明本公开的详细结构特征，但本公开并不局限于上述详细结构特征，即不意味着本公开必须依赖上述详细结构特征才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了，还可以对本公开进行改进，对本公开所选用部件的等效替换以及辅助部件的增加、具体方式的选择等。
以上详细描述了本公开的可选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的多个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对多种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，在不冲突的情况下，本公开的多个不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。
工业实用性
本公开提供的双面吸水性面料采用双面斜纹或缎纹结构，并采用织物双面起绒的方法进行加工，不仅使该面料具有高吸水性，还改善了面料的外观触感，可广泛适用于儿童服装、家庭浴用纺织品以及高精密仪器设备的擦拭和护理等领域，同时由于在制备过程中省略了亲水助剂的添加，从而使消费者在使用过程中更安全、更健康，降低了加工成本和能源消耗，同时防止了产品洗涤后吸水透湿效果的降低。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种双面吸水性面料，包括经纱和纬纱；
    所述经纱采用50旦尼尔～150旦尼尔涤纶低弹丝，所述纬纱采用75旦尼尔～200旦尼尔涤锦复合超细纤维。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的双面吸水性面料，其中，所述经纱自第一侧向第二侧依次为经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱四，所述纬纱从第三侧向第四侧依次为纬纱一、纬纱二、纬纱三、纬纱四、纬纱五、纬纱六、纬纱七和纬纱八；
    所述纬纱一穿过经纱一下部，凸显在经纱二、经纱三和经纱四上部；
    所述纬纱二凸显于经纱一上部，穿过经纱二、经纱三和经纱四下部；
    所述纬纱三凸显于经纱一、经纱三和经纱四上部，穿过经纱二下部；
    所述纬纱四穿过经纱一、经纱三和经纱四下部，凸显于经纱二上部；
    所述纬纱五凸显于经纱一、经纱二和经纱三上部，穿过经纱四下部；
    所述纬纱六穿过经纱一、经纱二和经纱三下部，凸显于经纱四上部；
    所述纬纱七凸显于经纱一、经纱二和经纱四上部，穿过经纱三下部；
    所述纬纱八穿过经纱一、经纱二和经纱四下部，凸显于经纱三上部。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的双面吸水性面料，其中，所述经纱自第一侧向第二侧依次为经纱一、经纱二、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五，所述纬纱从第三侧向第四侧依次为纬纱一、纬纱二、纬纱三、纬纱四、纬纱五、纬纱六、纬纱七、纬纱八、纬纱九和纬纱十；
    所述纬纱一穿过经纱一下部，凸显于经纱二、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五上部；所述纬纱二凸显于经纱一上部，穿过经纱二、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五下部；所述纬纱三凸显于经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱五上部，穿过经纱四下部；所述纬纱四穿过经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱五下部，凸显于经纱四上部；所述纬纱五凸显于经纱一、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五上部，穿过经纱二下部；所述纬纱六穿过经纱一、经纱三、经纱四和经纱五下部，凸显于经纱二上部；所述纬纱七凸显于经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱四上部，穿过经纱五下部；所述纬纱八穿过经纱一、经纱二、经纱三和经纱四下部，凸显于经纱五上部；所述纬纱九凸显于经纱一、经纱二、经纱四和经纱五上部，穿过经纱三下部；所述纬纱十穿过经纱一、经纱二、经纱四和经纱五下部，凸显于经纱三上部。
  4. 如权利要求1-3之一所述的双面吸水性面料的制备方法，包括：原料选择，整经，织造，检验，精炼，烘干，第一次拉毛起绒，开纤，水洗，预定型，染 色，定型，第二次起绒，刷毛、剪毛，定型以及检验包装；
    所述第一次拉毛起绒为面料正反面分别拉8～10道，毛高1.5～2.0厘米；
    所述第二次起绒为面料正反面分别拉1～2道，毛高1.0～1.5厘米。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述整经包括：采用分批整经机整经，，将缠有纱线的经纱筒挂在整经架上，将纱线从经纱筒上退解到经轴上；其中，整经线速度以及整经张力是根据所述纱线的规格进行调节的。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述整经线速度控制在800～1000米/分钟，整经张力控制在0.08～0.1克/旦尼尔，根据经轴总经纱数设定整经批数，再加工成织造所需要的经轴。
  7. 如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其中，所述精炼包括：将织造完成的坯布，在精炼机上进行退浆、去除油污和预缩。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述精炼用到的精炼液碱含量为2克/升，精炼温度为95～98摄氏度，车速控制在45米/分钟。
  9. 如权利要求4-8之一所述的方法，其中，所述开纤包括：用碱液对纬纱进行开纤减量剥蚀。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述碱液浓度控制在0.15～0.2升/米，碱液温度控制在90～100摄氏度。
  11. 如权利要求4-10之一所述的方法，其中，所述定型包括：将经过染色后的面料进行高温烘干和定型。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述定型温度控制在130～150摄氏度，车速控制在20米/分钟。
  13. 如权利要求1-3之一所述的双面吸水性面料的应用，包括：将所述双面吸水性面料应用在儿童服装、家庭浴用纺织品或高精密仪器设备的擦拭和护理用织物中。
PCT/CN2017/073555 2017-02-15 2017-02-15 双面吸水性面料及其制备方法和应用 Ceased WO2018148872A1 (zh)

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