WO2018166213A1 - 显示基板的制作方法、显示基板及显示装置 - Google Patents

显示基板的制作方法、显示基板及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018166213A1
WO2018166213A1 PCT/CN2017/108602 CN2017108602W WO2018166213A1 WO 2018166213 A1 WO2018166213 A1 WO 2018166213A1 CN 2017108602 W CN2017108602 W CN 2017108602W WO 2018166213 A1 WO2018166213 A1 WO 2018166213A1
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Prior art keywords
region
nanoparticles
doped
display substrate
spacer
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PCT/CN2017/108602
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋文峰
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to EP17899231.9A priority Critical patent/EP3598503B1/en
Priority to US16/062,822 priority patent/US11158835B2/en
Priority to JP2018547388A priority patent/JP7000335B2/ja
Publication of WO2018166213A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018166213A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K50/842—Containers
    • H10K50/8428—Vertical spacers, e.g. arranged between the sealing arrangement and the OLED
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K50/846—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations comprising getter material or desiccants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/87—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K59/871—Self-supporting sealing arrangements
    • H10K59/8723—Vertical spacers, e.g. arranged between the sealing arrangement and the OLED
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
    • H10K2102/331—Nanoparticles used in non-emissive layers, e.g. in packaging layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method of fabricating a display substrate, a display substrate, and a display device.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • the small and medium-sized organic light emitting diode display substrate includes a spacer for maintaining a space between the display substrate and the cover plate, and the preparation method of the spacer includes a coating, exposure, and etching process, and the process flow is complicated.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of fabricating a display substrate, a display substrate, and a display device.
  • the manufacturing method of the display substrate utilizes the precise positioning function of the Ink Jet Printing (IJP) to realize the spot coating of the spacer, which can improve the utilization ratio of the material for preparing the spacer and simplify the preparation process.
  • IJP Ink Jet Printing
  • doping nanoparticles in the spacer can realize functions of prolonging the life of the display device such as moisture absorption, heat dissipation, and inhalation.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of fabricating a display substrate, wherein the display substrate includes a pixel region, and the pixel region includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit including an effective display area and being located around the effective display area
  • the peripheral region is produced by forming a plurality of spacers in the peripheral region by an inkjet printing process, wherein the spacer comprises a glue and at least one nanoparticle doped in the rubber.
  • the spacer is doped with a plurality of nanoparticles
  • forming the spacer comprises: applying a spacer to a plurality of locations in the peripheral region by using a plurality of nozzles, and doping each of the nozzle coated spacers Nanoparticles, no The same nozzle coated spacer is doped with different nanoparticles.
  • the rubber material is a high viscosity heat curing type material, and the viscosity of the rubber material is 10,000 to 100,000 Pa ⁇ s.
  • the nanoparticles are evenly distributed in the gum.
  • the method further includes: treating the surface of the peripheral region to form alternating hydrophilic regions and hydrophobic regions.
  • the nanoparticle doped in the formed spacer includes at least one of calcium, cobalt, and silver metal nanoparticles
  • the pixel region includes a first region located at a middle portion thereof and a second region surrounding the first region
  • the substrate also includes a binding zone at a first edge extending in the first direction outside of the second region.
  • forming the spacer includes: forming a spacer doped with calcium nanoparticles in the first region and the second region, and forming a number of spacers doped with calcium nanoparticles in the second region is greater than in the first region The number of spacers formed of calcium-doped nanoparticles.
  • forming the spacer includes forming a spacer doped with silver nanoparticles in the first region and the second region.
  • forming the spacer includes: forming a spacer doped with cobalt nanoparticles in the first region and the second region, and forming a spacer of the cobalt-doped nanoparticles in the second region away from the binding region is smaller than The number of spacers doped with cobalt nanoparticles formed in the first region and in the second region near the binding region.
  • the ratio of the length of the first region in the first direction to the length of the second region in the first direction ranges from 0.5 to 4.
  • the height of the spacer formed is not less than 4 ⁇ m.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate including a pixel region and a plurality of spacers disposed in the pixel region.
  • the pixel area includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each of the pixel units includes an effective display area and a peripheral area located around the effective display area; a plurality of spacers are disposed in the peripheral area, wherein the spacer comprises a glue material and a blending At least one nanoparticle that is miscellaneous in the gum.
  • a plurality of spacers are doped with a plurality of nanoparticles, each of which is doped with a nanoparticle.
  • the rubber material is a high viscosity heat curing type material, and the viscosity of the rubber material is 10,000 to 100,000 Pa ⁇ s.
  • the nanoparticles are evenly distributed in the gum.
  • the nanoparticles doped in the spacer include at least one of calcium, cobalt, and silver metal nanoparticles.
  • the pixel region includes a first region located at a middle portion thereof and a second region surrounding the first region,
  • the display substrate further includes a binding region at a first edge extending in the first direction outside the second region.
  • a spacer doped with silver nanoparticles is disposed in the first region and the second region.
  • a spacer doped with calcium nanoparticles is disposed in the first region and the second region, and the number of the spacers doped with the calcium nanoparticles disposed in the second region is greater than the doped calcium nanometer disposed in the first region The number of spacers for the particles.
  • a spacer doped with cobalt nanoparticles is disposed in the first region and the second region, and a spacer doped with cobalt nanoparticles is disposed in a second region away from the binding region to be smaller than the doped cobalt nanoparticles.
  • the spacer is disposed in the first area and the number of the second area near the binding area.
  • the ratio of the length of the first region in the first direction to the length of the second region in the first direction ranges from 0.5 to 4.
  • the nanoparticles include calcium, cobalt and silver nanoparticles
  • the doping mass ratio of the calcium nanoparticles is 3% to 6%
  • the doping mass ratio of the silver nanoparticles is 8% to 12%
  • the doping of the cobalt nanoparticles is performed.
  • the mass ratio is 8% to 12%.
  • the nanoparticles include calcium, cobalt, and silver nanoparticles, the number of spacers doped with calcium nanoparticles, the number of spacers doped with silver nanoparticles, and the proportion of the number of spacers doped with cobalt nanoparticles. It is 3:3:4.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device including any of the display substrates provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of forming a plurality of spacers at a plurality of specific locations in a peripheral region by using an inkjet printing process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic plan view of a pixel unit of the display substrate illustrated in FIG. 3a;
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic plan view of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the steps of forming the spacer on the display substrate include a coating, exposure, and etching process, when fabricating a spacer having a large height perpendicular to the display substrate, for example,
  • the height of the spacer to be produced is larger than 4 ⁇ m, it is necessary to perform coating in batches, and it is necessary to add a process of exposure using a mask.
  • the material for forming the spacer is coated on the pixel defining layer on the display substrate, it is necessary to apply the entire surface, so that the utilization rate of the material is low.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of fabricating a display substrate, a display substrate, and a display device.
  • the manufacturing method of the display substrate comprises: dividing a pixel area, wherein the pixel area comprises a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit comprises an effective display area and a peripheral area located around the effective display area; and the peripheral area is processed by an inkjet printing process A plurality of spacers are formed, wherein the spacer comprises a glue and at least one nanoparticle doped in the glue.
  • the manufacturing method of the display substrate utilizes the precise positioning function of the inkjet printing process to realize the spot coating of the spacer, which can improve the material utilization ratio for preparing the spacer and simplify the preparation process, and is mixed in the spacer.
  • the hetero-nanoparticles can realize the functions of prolonging the life of the display device by moisture absorption, heat dissipation, and inhalation.
  • the embodiment provides a method for fabricating a display substrate.
  • the specific steps of the method for fabricating the display substrate include: forming a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array to form a pixel region, and each pixel unit includes an effective portion. a display area and a peripheral area located around the effective display area; a plurality of spacers are formed in the peripheral area by an inkjet printing process.
  • the display substrate is a display substrate of an organic light emitting diode
  • the pixel unit included in the display substrate may be a pixel unit such as red, green, and blue (RGB), which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the peripheral area located at the periphery of the effective display area is a non-display area.
  • the pixel defining layer is disposed in the peripheral area, that is, the pixel defining layer is disposed in the non-display area surrounding the effective display area.
  • the present embodiment is described by taking a display substrate whose display substrate is an organic light emitting diode as an example.
  • the embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the display substrate may also be an array substrate or a color film substrate.
  • the inkjet printing process (or inkjet printing technology, Ink Jet Printing, IJP) is a non-contact, pressure-free, non-printing printing technology, which uses external force to solution such as ink droplets or glue in the nozzle. Extrusion from the nozzle and spray deposition to the corresponding position to form the desired pattern, so the inkjet printing process has a precise positioning function, and a solution such as ink droplets or glue can be sprayed at a specific position as needed to form a desired pattern.
  • the inkjet printing process in this embodiment can realize the spot coating of the spacer, which can improve the material used for preparing the spacer.
  • the utilization rate can simplify the preparation process.
  • the surface of the peripheral region is treated to form alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions for controlling the shape of the spacer.
  • the surface of the peripheral region may be alternately hydrophilized and hydrophobized to form a liquid material having a fixed shape by heat-curing the liquid rubber sprayed at a specific position in the peripheral region by an inkjet printing process.
  • the liquid rubber material is an oily material
  • the present embodiment selects the rubber material to be coated in the hydrophobic region to prevent the diffusion of the rubber material, so the above “specific position” refers to the hydrophobic region; when the liquid rubber material is a pro
  • the present embodiment selects the coating material to be applied to the hydrophilic region to prevent the diffusion of the rubber material. Therefore, the above-mentioned "specific position" refers to the hydrophilic region, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the surface of the pixel defining layer has a hydrophilic property, that is, when the pixel defining layer is made of a hydrophilic organic material
  • the surface spacing of the pixel defining layer may be hydrophobic in this embodiment. The treatment is performed to form alternating hydrophilic regions and hydrophobic regions.
  • the alternating arrangement of the hydrophilic region and the hydrophobic region includes various forms.
  • the hydrophilic region and the hydrophobic region are alternately arranged to form an array arrangement as a whole.
  • the embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the hydrophilic region and the hydrophobic region may be alternately arranged and arranged in a vertical (horizontal) strip shape, that is, the hydrophilic region and the hydrophobic region are strip-shaped and alternately arranged in order.
  • the alternating arrangement of the hydrophilic region and the hydrophobic region may also be alternately arranged between the hydrophilic region and the hydrophobic region. After that, it is arranged in a "back" shape, and the like, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • processing the surface of the peripheral zone includes treating the surface of the peripheral zone with a plasma surface treatment process.
  • the embodiment is not limited thereto, and other processes may be used to treat the surface of the peripheral region.
  • a micro-nano structure may be formed on the surface of the peripheral region by physical vapor deposition, chemical deposition, hydrothermal method, electrodeposition, or the like to have a hydrophobic effect or the like.
  • low temperature plasma processing is a dry processing process that allows physical and chemical modification of surfaces at specific locations in the surrounding area by a low temperature plasma surface treatment process.
  • the pixel defining layer is disposed in the peripheral region, and before the spacer is coated on the pixel defining layer, in order to obtain a better coating effect, various activities such as ions, excited state molecules, and radicals in the low temperature plasma system can be utilized.
  • the particles interact with the compound on the surface of the pixel defining layer.
  • the hydrophilization treatment of the surface of the pixel defining layer can be achieved by using oxygen ions on the surface of the pixel defining layer, that is, using oxygen ions and the pixel defining layer surface compound to form a hydrophilic compound;
  • the method of fluoride ion can realize the hydrophobic treatment of the surface of the pixel defining layer, that is, the fluorine ion and the pixel defining layer surface compound are used to form a hydrophobic compound, so that the surface of the pixel defining layer becomes a surface alternately arranged between the hydrophilic region and the hydrophobic region.
  • This embodiment is described by taking the spacer formed on the pixel defining layer as an example, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the spacer may be formed on the cathode layer disposed on the peripheral region.
  • the fixed shape of the formed spacer may be a block shape or a wall shape such as a columnar shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the adhesive material forming the spacer used in the embodiment is a high-viscosity heat curing type material, for example, the high viscosity heating used in the embodiment, compared to the general rubber material for forming the spacer.
  • the curable material may include an epoxy resin, a polyimide, a silicone, or the like, and the effect of increasing the viscosity is achieved by doping the aforementioned material.
  • the viscosity of the rubber used in this embodiment is 10-100 times the viscosity of the rubber material which generally forms the spacer.
  • the viscosity of the spacer used in the present embodiment is 10,000 to 100,000 Pa ⁇ s, and the embodiment is not limited thereto. Since the high-viscosity rubber material can quickly form a spacer having a fixed shape after being heat-cured at a specific position applied to the peripheral region, the embodiment can realize the control of the shape of the spacer, save the process steps, and can improve Material utilization.
  • the spacer provided in this embodiment includes a glue material and at least a doped material in the glue material.
  • the nanoparticles doped in the spacer include calcium, cobalt, and silver metal nanoparticles, and the like, and the embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • forming the spacer by using an inkjet printing process includes applying a spacer to a plurality of specific positions of the peripheral region by using a plurality of nozzles, and each of the nozzles is coated with a spacer.
  • a nanoparticle is doped, and different nozzle coated spacers are doped with different nanoparticles, such as metal nanoparticles including calcium, cobalt and silver.
  • This embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • at least one nozzle may be used to apply spacers to a plurality of locations in the peripheral region, and each nozzle coated spacer is doped with at least one type of nanoparticles.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a plurality of spacers formed at a plurality of specific positions in a peripheral region by an inkjet printing process.
  • the display substrate 200 includes a pixel region 2670, and the pixel region 2670 includes a portion located at a middle portion thereof.
  • a region 260 and a second region 270 surrounding the first region 260, the display substrate 200 further includes a bonding region 280 at a first edge extending in a first direction (ie, the X direction) outside the second region 270 .
  • the position and size of the binding area 280 in FIG. 1 is a schematic example, that is, the binding area 280 is not limited to being disposed at the first edge extending along the first direction, and may be disposed outside the second area 270 of the display substrate 200. Other edge positions are not limited in this embodiment.
  • first region herein refers to the central region of the display substrate
  • second region refers to the annular region of the display substrate surrounding the first region
  • the ratio of the length of the first region 260 in the AB direction to the length of the second region 270 in the AB direction in FIG. 1 ranges from 0.5 to 4, and the embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • the length of the second region 270 in the AB direction means the sum of the lengths of the second regions 270 located on both sides of the first region 260 in the AB direction.
  • the ratio of the length of the first region 260 in the AB direction to the length of the second region 270 in the AB direction is 3:2 or 2:3, which is not limited in this embodiment. It should be noted that, the present embodiment is not limited to the ratio of the length of the first region 260 in the AB direction to the length of the second region 270 along the AB direction is in the range of 0.5 to 4.
  • the first region 260 may be in the Y direction.
  • the ratio of the length to the length of the second region 270 in the Y direction ranges from 0.5 to 4.
  • three nozzles 310, 320, and 330 are used to apply a spacer 220 to a specific position of the pixel defining layer 230 disposed in the peripheral region.
  • the spacer 220 includes a rubber material 221 and is doped in the rubber material 221. At least one nanoparticle 222.
  • the first nozzle 310 is used to coat the rubber 221 doped with the calcium nanoparticles 2221
  • the second nozzle 320 is used to coat the rubber 221 doped with the cobalt nanoparticles 2222
  • the third nozzle 330 is used for coating the doping.
  • This embodiment describes a case where a gel in a nozzle is doped with a nanoparticle as an example.
  • the embodiment includes, but is not limited to, for example, it is also possible to dope at least one kind of nanoparticles for the glue in one nozzle, and doping the nanoparticles when the glue in one nozzle is doped with a plurality of nanoparticles.
  • the ratio is adjustable, that is, the doping ratio of each of the nanoparticles doped by the glue in one nozzle can be adjusted according to the needs of different positions on the display substrate, and then coating on different positions of the display substrate is performed.
  • This embodiment is described by taking an inkjet printing process using three nozzles 310, 320, 330 to coat the spacer 220 as an example.
  • the embodiment is not limited thereto, and for example, the spacer may be coated with one, two or more nozzles, and the number of nozzles depends on the number of kinds of nanoparticles doped in the spacer.
  • the spacers 220 are applied to different locations of the peripheral zone using different nozzles.
  • the spacers 220 may be doped with a plurality of kinds of nanoparticles 222.
  • the calcium nanoparticles 2221, the cobalt nanoparticles 2222, and the silver nanoparticles 2223 are doped in the spacer 220, but the embodiment is described. It is not limited thereto, and may be other nanoparticles having the functions of moisture absorption, heat dissipation, and inhalation.
  • the calcium (Ca) nanoparticles 2221 doped in the glue of the spacer 220 have the function of absorbing water vapor and oxygen particles. Since the organic light emitting diode display substrate is very sensitive to oxygen particles and water vapor, if oxygen and water vapor penetrate into the display substrate of the organic light emitting diode, such as black spots, pinholes, electrode oxidation, chemical reaction of organic materials, etc., which seriously affects organic light emission. The diode shows the lifetime of the substrate. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first nozzle 310 doped with the calcium nanoparticles 2221 is used to apply the spacer 220 to the peripheral region 212 of the first region 260 and the second region 270, for example, the first doped with calcium nanoparticles 2221.
  • the number of the spacers 220 applied to the peripheral region 212 of the second region 270 by the nozzle 310 is greater than the number of the spacers 220 applied to the peripheral region 212 of the first region 260 to prolong the water-oxygen erosion path, that is, through the calcium nanometer.
  • the particles react with water and oxygen to absorb water and oxygen, thereby preventing traces of oxygen particles and moisture from eroding the display substrate, thereby indirectly improving the life of the display substrate.
  • the first nozzle 310 doped with the calcium nanoparticles 2221 may also be used to apply the spacer 220 only to the peripheral region 212 of the second region 270, and may also prevent trace oxygen particles and The effect of water vapor on the erosion of the display substrate.
  • the embodiment is not limited to doping calcium nanoparticles in the spacer, and may also be doped with other nanoparticles capable of absorbing water vapor and oxygen particles.
  • the spacer may also be doped with barium (Ba) nanoparticles, zirconium (Zr) nanoparticles or titanium (Ti). Metal particles such as nanoparticles.
  • a color film is prepared in a thin film transistor, a process of depositing indium tin oxide on a color film and preparing a white light organic light emitting diode, a dye, a pigment, and a dispersion in the color film
  • the organic outgas released by the material such as the agent enters the thin film transistor device, thereby affecting the production yield of the thin film transistor and greatly reducing the service life of the display substrate.
  • the third nozzle 330 doped with silver (Ag) nanoparticles 2223 is used to apply the spacer 220 to the peripheral region 212 of the first region 260 and the second region 270, that is, in the middle of the display substrate 200 and around the middle portion.
  • the annular region is coated with a spacer 220 doped with silver nanoparticles 2223, and the spacer 220 doped with silver nanoparticles 2223 can interact with oxygen to absorb oxygen, and can absorb organic impurities remaining in the substrate by the organic light emitting diode. Gas, thereby removing harmful substances to extend the life of the display substrate.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to doping silver nanoparticles in the spacer, and may be other nanoparticles capable of functioning to absorb oxygen particles and organic impurity gases.
  • the second nozzle 320 doped with cobalt (Co) nanoparticles 2222 is used to coat the spacers 220 in the peripheral regions 212 of the first region 260 and the second region 270.
  • the second nozzle 320 employing the doped cobalt nanoparticles 2222 has a smaller number of spacers 220 disposed in the second region 270 that is remote from the binding region 280 than in the first region 260 and near the binding region 280.
  • the area 270 coats the number of spacers 220, i.e., the number of doped cobalt nanoparticles 2222 in the second region 270 near the binding region 280 is greater than the number of doped cobalt nanoparticles 2222 at other locations.
  • the region of the second region 270 that is adjacent to the binding region 280 includes a second region 270 between the binding region 280 and the first region 260.
  • the region of the second region 270 that is close to the bonding region 280 includes an area within 10% of the size of the pixel region 2670 in the Y direction, which is close to the binding region 280, and the embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • the binding region 280 extends in the X direction
  • the second region 270 is an annular region
  • the region of the second region 270 that is adjacent to the binding region 280 includes: the annular second region 270 is adjacent to the binding region 280.
  • the second nozzle 320 using the doped cobalt nanoparticles 2222 can also apply the spacer 220 only in the second region 270 located in the first region 260 and near the binding region 280, that is, only in the middle of the display substrate 200 and The spacer 220 of the doped cobalt nanoparticles 2222 is coated at a position close to the binding region 280, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the organic light emitting diode display substrate is subjected to high laser radiation during the packaging process, that is, during the cover bonding process of the display substrate, the laser beam is used to heat and melt the frit for sealing the display substrate. That is, in the cover encapsulation process, the display substrate is subjected to high laser radiation to generate a certain amount of heat; on the other hand, when the organic light emitting diode display substrate is illuminated, corresponding heat is generated to make the display substrate middle. And the bonding zone temperature rises significantly and it is difficult to spread out quickly.
  • the cobalt nanoparticles 2222 doped in the rubber material 221 of the spacer 220 have high thermal conductivity, and can transfer heat generated in the middle portion of the display substrate and the bonding region, that is, cobalt nanoparticles 2222. It is beneficial to timely transfer the heat in the display substrate to ensure the normal operating temperature of the display substrate.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to doping cobalt nanoparticles in the spacer, and may be other nanoparticles capable of absorbing heat.
  • the spacer may also be doped with iridium (Ir) nanoparticles or the like.
  • the first nozzle 310 may be used to apply the spacer 220 of the calcium-doped nanoparticles 2221 in the peripheral region 212 of the first region 260 and the second region 270, and the second nozzle 320 is used in the first region.
  • 260 and the peripheral region 212 of the second region 270 are coated with the spacers 220 doped with the cobalt nanoparticles 2222, and the third nozzles 330 are used to apply the doped silver to the peripheral regions 212 of the first region 260 and the second region 270.
  • a spacer 220 of the nanoparticles 2223 This embodiment does not limit the coating sequence, and other sequences may be employed.
  • the embodiment is not limited to coating the spacers doped with calcium, silver and cobalt nanoparticles in the peripheral region, and may also apply at least one of the doped calcium, silver and cobalt nanoparticles in the peripheral region. Separator.
  • the doping mass ratio of calcium nanoparticles in the rubber material is low, that is, the doping mass ratio of the calcium nanoparticles doped in the rubber material of the spacer is lower than that of cobalt.
  • the doping mass ratio of silver nanoparticles is lower than that of cobalt.
  • the doping mass ratio of the calcium nanoparticles is 3% to 6%, that is, the mass ratio of the calcium nanoparticles to the total mass of the spacer is 3% to 6%, and the embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • the doping mass ratio of the silver nanoparticles/cobalt nanoparticles is 8% to 12%, that is, the mass ratio of the silver nanoparticles/cobalt nanoparticles to the total mass of the spacers is 8% to 12%, and the embodiment includes Not limited to this. It should be noted that the doping mass ratio of each metal nanoparticle can be adjusted according to the needs of the actual display substrate.
  • the ratio of the number of spacers doped with calcium nanoparticles, the number of spacers doped with silver nanoparticles, and the number of spacers doped with cobalt nanoparticles is about 3:3:4.
  • This embodiment includes but is not limited to Herein, it is necessary to comprehensively display the substrate to be influenced by water vapor, oxygen particles, organic impurity gases, and the like to determine the type and ratio of doped nanoparticles at each position in the peripheral region.
  • the height of the spacers produced in this embodiment is not less than 4 ⁇ m, for example, the height of the spacers is 4 to 10 ⁇ m, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • a spacer having a height of not less than 4 ⁇ m is produced, a spacer having a height of not less than 4 ⁇ m formed by coating, exposure, and etching processes is generally used, and batch coating and a new step are not required. The process of mask exposure can save process steps and save costs.
  • the nanoparticles doped in the rubber material need to ensure that the distribution in the rubber material is evenly distributed to better absorb moisture, dissipate heat, and inhale, thereby prolonging the service life of the display substrate.
  • the glues contained in the different nozzles in this embodiment may be the same glue.
  • the rubber materials in the respective nozzles are the same rubber material, the rubber materials coated in different positions in the peripheral region can be realized without Diffusion contact of the gap.
  • the embodiment is not limited thereto, and for example, different kinds of glue materials may be contained in different nozzles.
  • the spacer may be formed before the formation of the light-emitting layer, or the spacer may be formed after the light-emitting layer is formed, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a display substrate prepared by the method of fabricating the display substrate provided in the embodiment.
  • a plurality of pixel units are formed on the base substrate 201, and may include, for example, a red (R) pixel unit, a green (G) pixel unit, a blue (B) pixel unit, and the like, and the embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the pixel unit includes an effective display area 211 and a peripheral area surrounding the effective display area 211, and the peripheral area is a non-display area.
  • the pixel defining layer 230 is disposed in the peripheral region, and the embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the cover plate 240 is aligned with the display substrate to form a display substrate.
  • the display substrate is sealed by a frit package, that is, in a nitrogen atmosphere, the glass substrate 250 is filled in the sealing area around the display substrate of the organic light emitting diode display substrate and the cover glass 240, and then the laser beam is used.
  • the heated frit is moved by heating, and the molten frit 250 forms a hermetic package connection between the display substrate and the cover glass 240.
  • the frit 250 may be a material such as an inorganic oxide.
  • the embodiment is not limited to packaging the display substrate by using a frit package.
  • the display substrate may be sealed and sealed by a seal or the like.
  • FIG. 3a shows a schematic plan view of a display substrate.
  • the display substrate 200 includes a pixel region 2670 and a plurality of spacers distributed at specific positions of the pixel region 2670. 220.
  • Pixel region 2670 includes a plurality of pixel cells 210 arranged in an array.
  • the pixel region 2670 includes a first region 260 located at a middle portion thereof and a second region 270 surrounding the first region 260, and the display substrate 200 further includes a first edge extending outside the second region 270 in a first direction (ie, an X direction) Bonding area 280 at the location.
  • the position and size of the binding area 280 in FIG. 1 is a schematic example, that is, the binding area 280 is not limited to being disposed at the first edge extending along the first direction, and may be disposed outside the second area 270 of the display substrate 200. Other edge positions are not limited in this embodiment.
  • first region herein refers to the central region of the display substrate
  • second region refers to the annular region of the display substrate surrounding the first region
  • the ratio of the length of the first region 260 in the AB direction to the length of the second region 270 in the AB direction in FIG. 1 ranges from 0.5 to 4, and the embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • the length of the second region 270 in the AB direction means the sum of the lengths of the second regions 270 located on both sides of the first region 260 in the AB direction.
  • the ratio of the length of the first region 260 in the AB direction to the length of the second region 270 in the AB direction is 3:2 or 2:3, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to the ratio of the length of the first region 260 in the AB direction to the length of the second region 270 along the AB direction is in the range of 0.5 to 4.
  • the first region 260 may be in the Y direction.
  • the ratio of the length to the length of the second region 270 in the Y direction ranges from 0.5 to 4.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic plan view showing a pixel unit on a substrate.
  • each pixel unit 210 on the display substrate includes an effective display area 211 and a peripheral area 212 located around the effective display area 211.
  • 212 is a non-display area.
  • a plurality of spacers 220 are disposed at a plurality of specific locations of the perimeter region 212.
  • the peripheral region 212 includes a pixel defining layer 230, and a plurality of spacers 220 may be disposed on the pixel defining layer 230.
  • This embodiment includes but is not limited thereto, for example, a plurality of spacers may also be disposed on the cathode layer located in the peripheral region.
  • the present embodiment is described by taking a display substrate whose display substrate is an organic light emitting diode as an example.
  • the embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the display substrate may also be an array substrate or a color film substrate.
  • the surface of the perimeter region 212 is treated to form alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions for controlling the shape of the spacers 220.
  • the surface of the peripheral portion 212 is treated with a plasma surface treatment process or the like, and then the adhesive for forming the spacer 220 is applied in the hydrophobic region or the hydrophilic region by an inkjet printing process.
  • the material 221 is formed to form a spacer 220 having a fixed shape.
  • the rubber material is an oily material
  • the present embodiment selects the rubber material to be coated in the hydrophobic region to prevent the diffusion of the rubber material, so the above “specific position” refers to the hydrophobic region; when the liquid rubber material is hydrophilic
  • the present embodiment selects the coating material to be applied to the hydrophilic region to prevent the diffusion of the rubber material.
  • the above-mentioned "specific position” refers to the hydrophilic region, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the embodiment utilizes the precise positioning function of the inkjet printing process to realize the spot coating of the spacer, which can improve the material utilization rate for preparing the spacer and simplify the preparation process.
  • the spacer provided in this embodiment includes a glue material and at least one type of nanoparticles doped in the glue material.
  • the nanoparticles doped in the spacer 220 include calcium (Ca) nanoparticles 2221, cobalt (Co) nanoparticles 2222, and silver (Ag) nanoparticles 2223, and the embodiment includes but is not limited to this.
  • doping a plurality of nanoparticles in the spacer can achieve the effects of moisture absorption, heat dissipation, and absorption of residual gas to prolong the life of the display substrate.
  • each spacer 220 is doped with a kind of nanoparticles as an example.
  • This embodiment includes but is not limited to, for example, a plurality of nanoparticles may be doped into each of the spacers, and the doping ratio of each of the nanoparticles may be adjusted, that is, may be adjusted according to the needs of different positions on the display substrate. The doping ratio of each nanoparticle doped with the rubber species.
  • the examples of the present embodiment are described by taking the nanoparticles doped in the spacer including calcium nanoparticles, cobalt nanoparticles, and silver nanoparticles as an example.
  • the present example is not limited thereto, and may only include calcium nanoparticles. , cobalt nanoparticles or silver nanoparticles, or a combination comprising any two nanoparticles.
  • the calcium (Ca) nanoparticles 2221 doped in the glue 221 of the spacer 220 have the function of absorbing water vapor and oxygen particles. Since the organic light emitting diode display substrate is very sensitive to oxygen particles and water vapor, if oxygen and water vapor penetrate into the display substrate of the organic light emitting diode, such as black spots, pinholes, electrode oxidation, chemical reaction of organic materials, etc., which seriously affects organic light emission. The diodes display the lifetime of the substrate. Therefore, the present embodiment applies a doped calcium nanoparticle 2221 spacer 220 to a plurality of specific locations of the peripheral region 212 of the first region 260 and the second region 270, such as doped calcium nanoparticles.
  • the number of the spacers 220 of the second layer 270 disposed in the second region 270 is greater than the number of the spacers 220 doped with the calcium nanoparticles 2221 disposed in the peripheral region 212 of the first region 260 to prolong the water-oxygen erosion path, ie,
  • the calcium nanoparticles react with water and oxygen to absorb water and oxygen, thereby preventing traces of oxygen particles and moisture from eroding the display substrate, thereby indirectly improving the life of the display substrate.
  • Ben The embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the spacer 220 doped with the calcium nanoparticles 2221 may be disposed only in the peripheral region 212 of the second region 270, and may also prevent the trace oxygen particles and moisture from eroding the display substrate. effect.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to calcium nanoparticles doped in the spacer, and may be other nanoparticles capable of absorbing water vapor and oxygen particles.
  • the spacer may be doped with metal particles such as barium (Ba) nanoparticles, zirconium (Zr) nanoparticles, or titanium (Ti) nanoparticles.
  • a color film is prepared in a thin film transistor, a process of depositing indium tin oxide on a color film and preparing a white light organic light emitting diode, a dye, a pigment, and a dispersion in the color film
  • the organic outgas released by the material such as the agent enters the thin film transistor device, thereby affecting the production yield of the thin film transistor and greatly reducing the service life of the display substrate.
  • the present embodiment applies a spacer 220 doped with silver nanoparticles 2223 to a plurality of specific locations of the peripheral region 212 of the first region 260 and the second region 270, that is, an annular region located in the middle of the display substrate 200 and surrounding the middle portion.
  • the spacer 220 doped with the silver nanoparticles 2223 can be used to absorb oxygen and absorb the organic impurity gas remaining in the organic light emitting diode display substrate, thereby removing harmful substances to extend the life of the display substrate.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to the silver nanoparticles doped in the spacer, and may be other nanoparticles capable of functioning to absorb oxygen particles and organic impurity gases.
  • spacers 220 doped with cobalt nanoparticles 2222 may also be applied to peripheral regions 212 located in first region 260 and second region 270.
  • the spacer 220 of the doped cobalt nanoparticles 2222 is disposed in a second region 270 located away from the binding region 280 that is smaller than the spacer disposed in the second region 270 located in the first region 260 and adjacent to the binding region 280.
  • the number of 220, that is, the number of doped cobalt nanoparticles 2222 in the second region 270 near the binding region 280 is greater than the number of doped cobalt nanoparticles 2222 at other locations.
  • the region of the second region 270 that is adjacent to the binding region 280 includes a second region 270 between the binding region 280 and the first region 260.
  • the region of the second region 270 that is close to the bonding region 280 includes an area within 10% of the size of the pixel region 2670 in the Y direction, which is close to the binding region 280, and the embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • the binding region 280 extends in the X direction
  • the second region 270 is an annular region
  • the region of the second region 270 that is adjacent to the binding region 280 includes: the annular second region 270 is adjacent to the binding region 280.
  • the spacer 220 doped with the cobalt nanoparticles 2222 can also be disposed only in the first region.
  • the field 260 and the second region 270 near the binding region 280, that is, the spacers 220 doped with the cobalt nanoparticles 2222 are disposed only in the middle of the display substrate 200 and near the binding region 280, which is not limited in this embodiment. .
  • the organic light emitting diode display substrate is subjected to high laser radiation during the packaging process, that is, during the cover bonding process of the display substrate, the laser beam is used to heat and melt the frit for sealing the display substrate. That is to say, in the process of the cover encapsulation, the display substrate is subjected to high laser radiation to generate a certain amount of heat; on the other hand, when the organic light emitting diode display substrate is illuminated, corresponding heat is generated to make the display substrate The temperature in the middle and bonding areas is significantly elevated and difficult to diffuse out quickly.
  • the cobalt nanoparticles 2222 doped in the rubber material 221 of the spacer 220 have high thermal conductivity, and can transfer heat generated in the middle portion of the display substrate and the bonding region, that is, cobalt nanoparticles 2222. It is beneficial to timely transfer the heat in the display substrate to ensure the normal operating temperature of the display substrate.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to doping cobalt nanoparticles in the spacer, and may also be doped with other nanoparticles capable of absorbing heat.
  • the spacer may also be doped with iridium (Ir) nanoparticles or the like.
  • the calcium nanoparticles 2221 are easily discolored and discolored after water absorption, so the doping mass ratio of the calcium nanoparticles 2221 in the rubber 221 is low, that is, the doping mass ratio of the 221-doped calcium nanoparticles 2221 in the rubber is lower than that.
  • the doping mass ratio of the calcium nanoparticles 2221 is 3% to 6%, that is, the mass ratio of the calcium nanoparticles 2221 to the total mass of the spacer 220 is 3% to 6%, and the embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • the doping mass ratio of the silver nanoparticle 2223/cobalt nanoparticle 2222 is 8% to 12%, that is, the mass ratio of the silver nanoparticle 2223/cobalt nanoparticle 2222 to the total mass of the spacer 220 is 8% to 12%.
  • This embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • the mass doping ratio of each metal nanoparticle can be adjusted according to the needs of the actual display substrate.
  • the ratio of the number of spacers 220 doped with calcium nanoparticles 2221, the number of spacers 220 doped with silver nanoparticles 2223, and the number of spacers 220 doped with cobalt nanoparticles 2222 is approximately 3:3. :4.
  • This embodiment includes but is not limited to, and it is necessary to comprehensively display that the substrate is affected by water vapor, oxygen particles, organic impurity gases, and the like to determine the type and proportion of doped nanoparticles at various positions in the peripheral region.
  • the embodiment is not limited to providing a spacer doped with calcium, silver and cobalt nanoparticles in the peripheral region, and may also be provided with at least one of the doped calcium, silver and cobalt nanoparticles in the peripheral region. Pad.
  • the height of the spacer 220 provided in this embodiment is not less than 4 ⁇ m.
  • the height of the spacer 220 is 4-10 ⁇ m, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the nanoparticle-doped rubber material 221 is a high viscosity heat curing type material.
  • the high viscosity heat curing type material used in the embodiment may include an epoxy resin, a polyimide, or a silicone, etc., by using the foregoing materials. Doping is performed to achieve an effect of increasing the viscosity.
  • the viscosity of the rubber used in this embodiment is 10-100 times the viscosity of the rubber material which generally forms the spacer.
  • the viscosity of the spacer used in the present embodiment is 10,000 to 100,000 Pa ⁇ s, and the embodiment is not limited thereto. Since the high-viscosity rubber material can quickly form a spacer having a fixed shape after being heat-cured at a specific position applied to the peripheral region, the embodiment can realize the control of the shape of the spacer, save the process steps, and can improve Material utilization.
  • the nanoparticles doped in the rubber material 221 need to ensure a uniform distribution in the rubber material 221 to better absorb moisture, dissipate heat, and inhale, thereby prolonging the service life of the display substrate.
  • the glue 221 doped with different nanoparticles in this embodiment may be the same glue.
  • the rubber material 221 doped with different nanoparticles when applied at different specific positions of the peripheral region 212, since the rubber material 221 is the same rubber material, the rubber material 221 distributed at different positions of the peripheral region 212 can achieve seamless diffusion. contact.
  • the first embodiment of the present embodiment applies the same type of glue 221 doped with different nanoparticles at different specific positions of the peripheral region 212. Since the same glue can achieve seamless diffusion contact, A continuous spacer 220 is formed that surrounds one turn of the effective display area 211.
  • This embodiment includes but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic plan view of a display substrate according to an example of the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4a, for example, after the peripheral region 212 is surface-treated to form alternating hydrophilic regions and hydrophobic regions, The spacer 220 having the same glue 221 coated at a specific location forms a block spacer as shown.
  • the embodiment is not limited thereto, and FIG. 4a is only a schematic example.
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic plan view of a display substrate according to an example of the embodiment.
  • the spacer 220 disposed in the Y direction on the peripheral region 212 is formed by using the same rubber material 221, that is, The seamless gap diffusion forms a strip spacer 220 extending in the Y direction of the effective display area 211.
  • the embodiment includes, but is not limited to, for example, the spacers 220 disposed in the X direction on the peripheral region 212 may be formed by the same rubber material 221, or the same rubber material may be disposed at other specific positions. 221 spacers 220.
  • the rubber materials doped with different nanoparticles may be different kinds of rubber materials, and when different kinds of rubber materials doped with different nanoparticles are applied at different specific positions on the peripheral region, the spacers will not produce seamless diffusion contact.
  • the present embodiment includes but is not limited to, for example, the glue selected for the doping of the plurality of nanoparticles is not completely the same, that is, the glue which can partially dope the plurality of nanoparticles is selected from the same glue, and A part of the different glue materials are used, so that a strip-shaped spacer and a block-shaped spacer can be formed.
  • the embodiment provides a display device comprising any of the above-described display substrates having spacers doped with nanoparticles.
  • the display device can function to absorb moisture, dissipate heat, inhale, etc. during operation, thereby prolonging the life of the display device.
  • the display device may be a display device such as a liquid crystal display device, an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display device, and a television, a digital camera, a mobile phone, a watch, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, and a navigation device including the display device.
  • a display device such as a liquid crystal display device, an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display device, and a television, a digital camera, a mobile phone, a watch, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, and a navigation device including the display device.
  • the present embodiment is not limited thereto, such as a product or a component having a display function.

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Abstract

一种显示基板的制作方法、显示基板及显示装置。该显示基板的制作方法，其中，显示基板包括像素区(2670)，像素区(2670)包括阵列排布的多个像素单元(210)，每个像素单元(210)包括有效显示区(211)以及位于有效显示区周边的周边区(212)，制作方法包括：通过喷墨印刷工艺在周边区(212)形成多个隔垫物(220)，其中，隔垫物(220)包括胶材(221)以及掺杂在胶材(221)中的至少一种纳米粒子(222)。该显示基板的制作方法利用喷墨印刷工艺的精确定位功能实现隔垫物(220)的定点涂布，既可以提高用于制备隔垫物(220)的材料的利用率又可以简化制备工艺，并且在隔垫物(220)中掺杂纳米粒子(222)可以实现吸湿、散热、吸气等延长显示装置寿命的功能。

Description

显示基板的制作方法、显示基板及显示装置
本申请要求于2017年3月17日递交的中国专利申请第201710161610.3号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开至少一个实施例涉及一种显示基板的制作方法、显示基板及显示装置。
背景技术
有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)器件是一种新型的平板显示器件，是一种具有全固态结构、高亮度、全视角、响应速度快、可柔性显示等一系列优点的自发光器件，因此有机发光二极管器件目前已成为极具竞争力和发展前景的下一代显示技术。目前，中小尺寸的有机发光二极管显示基板包含用于维持显示基板与盖板之间间隔的隔垫物，而隔垫物的制备方法包括涂布、曝光、刻蚀工艺，工艺流程较为复杂。
发明内容
本公开的至少一实施例提供一种显示基板的制作方法、显示基板及显示装置。该显示基板的制作方法利用喷墨印刷工艺(Ink Jet Printing，IJP)的精确定位功能实现隔垫物的定点涂布，既可以提高用于制备隔垫物的材料的利用率又可以简化制备工艺，并且在隔垫物中掺杂纳米粒子可以实现吸湿、散热、吸气等延长显示器件寿命的功能。
本公开的至少一实施例提供一种显示基板的制作方法，其中，显示基板包括像素区，像素区包括阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括有效显示区以及位于有效显示区周边的周边区，制作方法包括：通过喷墨印刷工艺在周边区形成多个隔垫物，其中，隔垫物包括胶材以及掺杂在胶材中的至少一种纳米粒子。
例如，隔垫物中掺杂多种纳米粒子，形成隔垫物包括：采用多个喷嘴对周边区多个位置涂布隔垫物，且每个喷嘴涂布的隔垫物中掺杂一种纳米粒子，不 同的喷嘴涂布的隔垫物中掺杂不同的纳米粒子。
例如，胶材为高粘度加热固化型材料，且胶材的粘度为10000～100000Pa·s。
例如，纳米粒子均匀分布在胶材中。
例如，通过喷墨印刷工艺在周边区形成隔垫物之前还包括：对周边区的表面进行处理以形成交替设置的亲水区和疏水区。
例如，形成的隔垫物中掺杂的纳米粒子包括钙、钴和银金属纳米粒子中的至少之一，且像素区包括位于其中部的第一区域以及围绕第一区域的第二区域，显示基板还包括位于第二区域外的沿第一方向延伸的第一边缘处的绑定区。
例如，形成隔垫物包括：在第一区域以及第二区域形成掺杂钙纳米粒子的隔垫物，且在第二区域形成的掺杂钙纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量大于在第一区域形成的掺杂钙纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量。
例如，形成隔垫物包括：在第一区域以及第二区域形成掺杂银纳米粒子的隔垫物。
例如，形成隔垫物包括：在第一区域以及第二区域形成掺杂钴纳米粒子的隔垫物，且在远离绑定区的第二区域形成掺杂钴纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量小于在第一区域以及靠近绑定区的第二区域形成的掺杂钴纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量。
例如，第一区域沿第一方向的长度与第二区域沿第一方向的长度的比值的范围为0.5～4。
例如，形成的隔垫物的高度不小于4μm。
本公开的至少一实施例提供一种显示基板，该显示基板包括像素区以及设置在像素区的多个隔垫物。像素区包括阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括有效显示区以及位于有效显示区周边的周边区；多个隔垫物设置在周边区，其中，隔垫物包括胶材以及掺杂在胶材中的至少一种纳米粒子。
例如，多个隔垫物掺杂多种纳米粒子，每个隔垫物中掺杂一种纳米粒子。
例如，胶材为高粘度加热固化型材料，且胶材的粘度为10000～100000Pa·s。
例如，纳米粒子均匀分布在胶材中。
例如，隔垫物中掺杂的纳米粒子包括钙、钴和银金属纳米粒子中的至少之一。
例如，像素区包括位于其中部的第一区域以及围绕第一区域的第二区域， 显示基板还包括位于第二区域外的沿第一方向延伸的第一边缘处的绑定区。
例如，掺杂银纳米粒子的隔垫物设置在第一区域以及第二区域。
例如，掺杂钙纳米粒子的隔垫物设置在第一区域以及第二区域，且设置在第二区域的掺杂钙纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量大于设置在第一区域的掺杂钙纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量。
例如，掺杂钴纳米粒子的隔垫物设置在第一区域以及第二区域，且掺杂钴纳米粒子的隔垫物设置在远离绑定区的第二区域的数量小于掺杂钴纳米粒子的隔垫物设置在第一区域以及靠近绑定区的第二区域的数量。
例如，第一区域沿第一方向的长度与第二区域沿第一方向的长度的比值的范围为0.5～4。
例如，纳米粒子包括钙、钴和银纳米粒子，钙纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例为3％～6％，银纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例为8％～12％，以及钴纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例为8％～12％。
例如，纳米粒子包括钙、钴和银纳米粒子，掺杂钙纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量、掺杂银纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量以及掺杂钴纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量的比例为3:3:4。
本公开的至少一实施例提供一种显示装置，包括本公开实施例提供的任一种显示基板。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为本公开一实施例提供的采用喷墨印刷工艺在周边区多个特定位置形成多个隔垫物的示意图；
图2为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示基板的剖视图；
图3a为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示基板的平面示意图；
图3b为图3a示出的显示基板的一个像素单元的平面示意图；
图4a为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示基板的平面示意图；
图4b为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示基板的平面示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
在研究中，本申请的发明人发现：在显示基板上制作隔垫物的步骤包括涂布、曝光以及刻蚀工艺，当制作沿垂直于显示基板的高度较大的隔垫物时，例如，待制作的隔垫物的高度大于4μm时，需要分批次进行涂布，且需要增加一道利用掩模板曝光的工序。另外，在显示基板上的像素限定层上涂布用来制作隔垫物的材料时需要进行整面的涂布，使得材料的利用率很低。
本公开的实施例提供一种显示基板的制作方法、显示基板及显示装置。该显示基板的制作方法包括：划分像素区，像素区包括阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括有效显示区以及位于有效显示区周边的周边区；通过喷墨印刷工艺在周边区形成多个隔垫物，其中，隔垫物包括胶材以及掺杂在胶材中的至少一种纳米粒子。该显示基板的制作方法利用喷墨印刷工艺的精确定位功能实现隔垫物的定点涂布，既可以提高用于制备隔垫物的材料利用率又可以简化制备工艺，并且在隔垫物中掺杂纳米粒子可以实现吸湿、散热、吸气等延长显示器件寿命的功能。
下面结合附图对本公开实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法、显示基板及显示装置进行说明。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种显示基板的制作方法，该显示基板的制作方法的具体步骤包括：形成阵列排布的多个像素单元以形成像素区，每个像素单元包括有效 显示区以及位于有效显示区周边的周边区；通过喷墨印刷工艺在周边区形成多个隔垫物。
例如，显示基板为有机发光二极管的显示基板，显示基板包括的像素单元可以为红绿蓝(RGB)等像素单元，本实施例对此不作限制。位于有效显示区周边的周边区为非显示区域，例如，像素限定层设置在周边区，即像素限定层设置在围绕有效显示区的非显示区域。
需要说明的是，本实施例以显示基板为有机发光二极管的显示基板为例进行描述，本实施例不限于此，例如，显示基板还可以为阵列基板或彩膜基板等。
例如，喷墨印刷工艺(或喷墨打印技术，Ink Jet Printing，IJP)是一种非接触、无压力、无印版的印刷技术，它是利用外力将喷嘴中的墨滴或胶材等溶液从喷嘴中挤出，并喷射沉积到相应位置形成所需的图案，因此喷墨印刷工艺具有精确的定位功能，可以根据需要在特定位置喷射沉积墨滴或胶材等溶液以形成所需图案。相比于经过涂布、曝光、刻蚀工艺过程形成的隔垫物，本实施例中采用喷墨印刷工艺可以实现隔垫物的定点涂布，既可以提高用于制备隔垫物的材料的利用率，又可以简化制备工艺。
例如，在形成多个隔垫物之前，对周边区的表面进行处理以形成交替设置的亲水区和疏水区，用于控制隔垫物的形状。
例如，本实施例中可以对周边区的表面交替进行亲水化与疏水化处理以使通过喷墨印刷工艺在周边区特定位置喷射的液状胶材经加热固化后形成具有固定形状的隔垫物。需要说明的是，当液状胶材为油性材料时，本实施例选择将胶材涂布在疏水区以防止胶材的扩散，因此上述“特定位置”是指疏水区；当液状胶材为亲水性材料时，本实施例选择将胶材涂布在亲水区以防止胶材的扩散，因此上述“特定位置”是指亲水区，本实施例对此不作限制。
例如，像素限定层设置在周边区，像素限定层的表面具有亲水特性时，即像素限定层采用具有亲水性的有机材料制作时，本实施例中可以对像素限定层的表面间隔进行疏水化处理以形成交替设置的亲水区和疏水区。
需要说明的是，亲水区与疏水区的交替设置包括多种形式。
例如，亲水区与疏水区交替设置后整体呈现阵列式排布。本实施例不限于此，例如，还可以为亲水区与疏水区交替设置后呈竖(横)条状排布，即亲水区与疏水区均呈条状并依次交替排列。
例如，亲水区与疏水区的交替设置形式还可以为亲水区与疏水区交替设置 后呈“回”字形排布等，本实施例对此不作限制。
例如，对周边区的表面进行处理包括采用等离子体表面处理工艺对周边区表面进行处理。本实施例不限于此，还可以采用其他工艺对周边区的表面进行处理。
例如，可以采用物理气相沉积、化学沉积、水热法、电沉积等方法在周边区表面形成微纳结构以起到疏水化效果等。
例如，低温等离子体处理是一种干式处理工艺，通过低温等离子表面处理工艺可以对周边区特定位置的表面进行物理和化学改性。
例如，像素限定层设置在周边区，在对像素限定层涂布隔垫物之前，为得到更好的涂布效果，可以利用低温等离子体系中的离子、激发态分子、自由基等多种活性粒子与像素限定层表面的化合物作用。
例如，可以采用对像素限定层表面通氧离子的方式实现对像素限定层表面的亲水化处理，即采用氧离子与像素限定层表面化合物作用以形成亲水化合物；采用对像素限定层表面通氟离子的方式可以实现对像素限定层表面的疏水化处理，即采用氟离子与像素限定层表面化合物作用以形成疏水化合物，从而使像素限定层表面变为亲水区与疏水区交替设置的表面以便进行下一步涂布。本实施例以隔垫物形成在像素限定层上为例进行描述，但本实施例不限于此，例如，隔垫物还可以形成在设置在周边区的阴极层上。
例如，形成的隔垫物的固定形状可以为圆柱状或长方体等块状或墙状，本实施例对此不作限制。
需要说明的是，相比于一般的用于形成隔垫物的胶材，本实施例采用的形成隔垫物的胶材为高粘度加热固化型材料，例如，本实施例采用的高粘度加热固化型材料可以包括环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺或者有机硅等，通过对前述材料进行掺杂以实现提高粘度的效果。
例如，本实施例采用的胶材的粘度为一般形成隔垫物的胶材的粘度的10-100倍。
例如，本实施例采用的隔垫物的粘度为10000～100000Pa·s，本实施例不限于此。由于高粘度胶材可以在涂布到周边区的特定位置上经加热固化后快速形成具有固定形状的隔垫物，因此本实施例可以实现对隔垫物形状的控制，节省工艺步骤并且能提高材料的利用率。
需要说明的是，本实施例提供的隔垫物包括胶材以及掺杂在胶材中的至少 一种纳米粒子。例如，隔垫物中掺杂的纳米粒子包括钙、钴和银金属纳米粒子等，本实施例包括但不限于此。
例如，隔垫物中掺杂多种纳米粒子时，采用喷墨印刷工艺形成隔垫物包括采用多个喷嘴对周边区多个特定位置涂布隔垫物，且每个喷嘴涂布的隔垫物中掺杂一种纳米粒子，不同的喷嘴涂布的隔垫物中掺杂不同的纳米粒子，例如包括钙、钴和银等金属纳米粒子。本实施例包括但不限于此，例如，还可以采用至少一个喷嘴对周边区多个位置涂布隔垫物，且每个喷嘴涂布的隔垫物中掺杂至少一种纳米粒子。
例如，图1为采用喷墨印刷工艺在周边区多个特定位置形成多个隔垫物的示意图，如图1所示，显示基板200中包括像素区2670，像素区2670包括位于其中部的第一区域260以及围绕第一区域260的第二区域270，显示基板200还包括位于第二区域270外的沿第一方向(即X方向)延伸的第一边缘处的绑定(bonding)区280。绑定区280在图1中所在位置及尺寸为示意性示例，即绑定区280不限于设置在沿第一方向延伸的第一边缘处，还可以设置在显示基板200的第二区域270外的其他边缘位置，本实施例对此不作限制。
需要说明的是，这里的“第一区域”指显示基板的中部区域，“第二区域”指显示基板中围绕第一区域的环形区域。
例如，如图1中第一区域260沿AB方向的长度与第二区域270沿AB方向的长度的比值范围为0.5～4，本实施例包括但不限于此。这里“第二区域270沿AB方向的长度”指沿AB方向位于第一区域260两侧的第二区域270长度的总和。
例如，第一区域260沿AB方向的长度与第二区域270沿AB方向的长度的比值为3:2或者2:3，本实施例对此不作限制。需要说明的是，本实施例不限于第一区域260沿AB方向的长度与第二区域270沿AB方向的长度的比值范围为0.5～4，例如，还可以是第一区域260沿Y方向的长度与第二区域270沿Y方向的长度的比值范围为0.5～4。
本实施例采用三个喷嘴310、320、330，对设置在周边区的像素限定层230的特定位置涂布隔垫物220，隔垫物220包括胶材221以及掺杂在胶材221中的至少一种纳米粒子222。
例如，第一喷嘴310用于涂布掺杂钙纳米粒子2221的胶材221，第二喷嘴320用于涂布掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的胶材221，第三喷嘴330用于涂布掺杂银 纳米粒子2223的胶材221。需要说明的是，图1示意的纳米粒子的分布情况仅是一种示意性分布方式，本实施例不限于此，可以根据实际情况决定纳米粒子的分布情况。
本实施例以一个喷嘴中的胶材掺杂一种纳米粒子为例进行描述。本实施例包括但不限于此，例如，还可以为一个喷嘴中的胶材掺杂至少一种纳米粒子，且当一个喷嘴中的胶材掺杂多种纳米粒子时，各纳米粒子的掺杂比例可调，即，可根据显示基板上不同位置的需要来调节一个喷嘴中的胶材掺杂的各纳米粒子的掺杂比例，然后进行对显示基板不同位置的涂布。
本实施例以喷墨印刷工艺采用三个喷嘴310、320、330涂布隔垫物220为例进行描述。本实施例不限于此，例如，还可以采用一个、两个或更多个喷嘴涂布隔垫物，喷嘴的数量根据隔垫物中掺杂的纳米粒子的种类数目而定。
例如，采用不同的喷嘴对周边区的不同位置涂布隔垫物220。
例如，隔垫物220中可以掺杂多种纳米粒子222，本实施例以隔垫物220中掺杂钙纳米粒子2221、钴纳米粒子2222和银纳米粒子2223为例进行描述，但本实施例不限于此，还可以是其他具有吸湿、散热、吸气等作用的纳米粒子。
例如，隔垫物220的胶材中掺杂的钙(Ca)纳米粒子2221具有吸收水汽以及氧气粒子的作用。由于有机发光二极管显示基板对氧气粒子以及水汽非常敏感，如果氧和水汽渗入到有机发光二极管显示基板内部会引起诸如黑点、针孔、电极氧化、有机材料化学反应等不良，从而严重影响有机发光二极管显示基板的寿命。因此，本实施例采用掺杂钙纳米粒子2221的第一喷嘴310对位于第一区域260以及第二区域270的周边区212涂布隔垫物220，例如采用掺杂钙纳米粒子2221的第一喷嘴310对位于第二区域270的周边区212涂布隔垫物220的数量大于对位于第一区域260的周边区212涂布隔垫物220的数量以延长水氧侵蚀路径，即通过钙纳米粒子与水氧发生化学反应以吸收水氧，进而防止微量氧气粒子及水汽对显示基板的侵蚀，间接提高了显示基板的寿命。
本实施例不限于此，例如，还可以采用掺杂钙纳米粒子2221的第一喷嘴310仅对位于第二区域270的周边区212涂布隔垫物220，也可以起到防止微量氧气粒子及水汽对显示基板的侵蚀的作用。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限于在隔垫物中掺杂钙纳米粒子，还可以掺杂其他能够起到吸收水汽以及氧气粒子作用的纳米粒子。
例如，隔垫物中还可以掺杂钡(Ba)纳米粒子、锆(Zr)纳米粒子或钛(Ti) 纳米粒子等金属粒子。
例如，在制备有源矩阵有机发光二极管显示基板时，将彩膜制备在薄膜晶体管中，在彩膜上沉积氧化铟锡并制备白光有机发光二极管的过程中，彩膜中的染料、色素、分散剂等材料释放的有机杂质气体(outgas)会进入到薄膜晶体管器件中，从而影响薄膜晶体管的生产良率，并大幅度减少显示基板的使用寿命。本实施例采用掺杂银(Ag)纳米粒子2223的第三喷嘴330对位于第一区域260以及第二区域270的周边区212涂布隔垫物220，即在位于显示基板200中部以及围绕中部的环形区域涂布掺杂银纳米粒子2223的隔垫物220，掺杂银纳米粒子2223的隔垫物220既可以与氧气作用以吸收氧气，又可以吸收有机发光二极管显示基板内残存的有机杂质气体，从而进行有害物质的去除以延长显示基板的寿命。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限于在隔垫物中掺杂银纳米粒子，还可以是其他能够起到吸收氧气粒子以及有机杂质气体作用的纳米粒子。
例如，采用掺杂钴(Co)纳米粒子2222的第二喷嘴320在位于第一区域260以及第二区域270的周边区212涂布隔垫物220。
例如，采用掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的第二喷嘴320在位于远离绑定区280的第二区域270涂布隔垫物220的数量小于在位于第一区域260以及靠近绑定区280的第二区域270涂布隔垫物220的数量，即，在靠近绑定区280的第二区域270中掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的数量大于其他位置掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的数量。
例如，第二区域270中靠近绑定区280的区域包括：绑定区280与第一区域260之间的第二区域270。
例如，第二区域270中靠近绑定区280的区域包括：在像素区2670沿Y方向的尺寸中的靠近绑定区280的10％以内的区域，本实施例包括但不限于此。
例如，如图1所示，绑定区280沿X方向延伸，第二区域270为环形区域，第二区域270中靠近绑定区280的区域包括：环形第二区域270中靠近绑定区280的沿X方向延伸的区域的整体。
例如，采用掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的第二喷嘴320还可以仅在位于第一区域260以及靠近绑定区280的第二区域270涂布隔垫物220，即仅在位于显示基板200中部以及靠近绑定区280的位置涂布掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的隔垫物220，本实施例对此不作限制。
一方面，由于有机发光二极管显示基板在封装过程中受到较高的激光辐射作用，即对显示基板进行盖板贴合过程中，会采用激光束加热熔化用于密封显示基板的玻璃料(frit)，即在盖板封装过程中，显示基板受到较高的激光辐射作用，从而产生一定热量；另一方面，在有机发光二极管显示基板被点亮的时候也会产生相应的热量，使显示基板中部及绑定(bonding)区温度升高明显且难以很快扩散出去。本实施例中在隔垫物220的胶材221中掺杂的钴纳米粒子2222具有高热传导性，可以对显示基板的中部以及绑定(bonding)区产生的热量进行传递，即钴纳米粒子2222有利于将显示基板内的热量及时传送出去，从而确保显示基板正常的工作温度。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限于在隔垫物中掺杂钴纳米粒子，还可以是其他能够起到吸收热量作用的纳米粒子。例如，隔垫物中还可以掺杂铱(Ir)纳米粒子等。
例如，本实施例可依次采用第一喷嘴310在第一区域260以及第二区域270的周边区212涂布掺杂钙纳米粒子2221的隔垫物220，采用第二喷嘴320在位于第一区域260以及第二区域270的周边区212涂布掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的隔垫物220，以及采用第三喷嘴330对位于第一区域260以及第二区域270的周边区212涂布掺杂银纳米粒子2223的隔垫物220。本实施例对此涂布顺序不作限制，还可以采用其他顺序。需要说明的是，本实施例不限于在周边区涂布掺杂钙、银和钴纳米粒子的隔垫物，还可以是在周边区涂布掺杂钙、银和钴纳米粒子的至少之一的隔垫物。
例如，钙纳米粒子在吸水后容易膨胀变色，因此钙纳米粒子在胶材中掺杂质量比例较低，即在隔垫物的胶材中掺杂的钙纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例低于钴或银纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例。
例如，钙纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例为3％～6％，即钙纳米粒子占隔垫物总质量的质量比例为3％～6％，本实施例包括但不限于此。
例如，银纳米粒子/钴纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例为8％～12％，即银纳米粒子/钴纳米粒子占隔垫物总质量的质量比例为8％～12％，本实施例包括但不限于此。需要说明的是，各金属纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例可根据实际显示基板的需要而调整。
例如，掺杂钙纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量、掺杂银纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量以及掺杂钴纳米粒子的隔垫物的数量的比例大约为3:3:4。本实施例包括但不限 于此，需要综合显示基板受到水汽、氧气粒子、有机杂质气体等的影响来决定周边区各位置掺杂纳米粒子的类型以及比例。
例如，本实施例制作的隔垫物的高度不小于4μm，例如，隔垫物的高度为4-10μm，本实施例对此不作限制。本实施例在制作高度不小于4μm的隔垫物时，相较于一般采用涂布、曝光以及刻蚀工艺形成的高度不小于4μm的隔垫物，无需分批次涂布及新增一步采用掩模板曝光的工艺，即可以节省工艺步骤，节约成本。
例如，掺杂在胶材中的纳米粒子需确保在胶材中的分布为均匀分布，以起到较好的吸湿、散热、吸气等效果，从而能够延长显示基板的使用寿命。
例如，本实施例中不同的喷嘴中装有的胶材可以为同一种胶材。
例如，在采用掺杂不同纳米粒子的不同喷嘴对周边区不同特定位置进行涂布时，由于各喷嘴中的胶材为同一种胶材，因此涂布在周边区不同位置的胶材可以实现无缝隙的扩散接触。本实施例不限于此，例如，还可以在不同的喷嘴中装有不同种类的胶材。
例如，本实施例中在形成像素限定层后，既可以在形成发光层之前制作隔垫物，也可以在形成发光层之后制作隔垫物，本实施例对此不作限制。
例如，图2为采用本实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法制备得到的显示基板的剖视图。如图2所示，在衬底基板201上形成多个像素单元，例如可以包括红色(R)像素单元、绿色(G)像素单元、蓝色(B)像素单元等，本实施例不限于此。像素单元包括有效显示区211以及围绕有效显示区211的周边区，周边区为非显示区域。
例如，像素限定层230设置在周边区，本实施例不限于此。
例如，在周边区形成多个隔垫物220之后，将盖板240与显示基板对合以形成显示基板。
例如，采用玻璃料(frit)封装方式对显示基板进行密封，即在氮气氛围中，在有机发光二极管显示基板的显示基板与盖板玻璃240的四周密封区域填充玻璃料250，然后利用激光束来移动加热熔化玻璃料，熔化后的玻璃料250在显示基板与盖板玻璃240之间形成密闭的封装连接。
例如，玻璃料250可以采用无机氧化物等材料。本实施例不限于采用玻璃料封装方式对显示基板进行封装，例如还可以采用封框胶(seal)等对显示基板进行密封封装。
实施例二
本实施例提供一种显示基板，图3a示出了一种显示基板的平面示意图，如图3a所示，该显示基板200包括像素区2670以及分布在像素区2670特定位置的多个隔垫物220。像素区2670包括阵列排布的多个像素单元210。像素区2670包括位于其中部的第一区域260以及围绕第一区域260的第二区域270，显示基板200还包括位于第二区域270外的沿第一方向(即X方向)延伸的第一边缘处的绑定(bonding)区280。绑定区280在图1中所在位置及尺寸为示意性示例，即绑定区280不限于设置在沿第一方向延伸的第一边缘处，还可以设置在显示基板200的第二区域270外的其他边缘位置，本实施例对此不作限制。
需要说明的是，这里的“第一区域”指显示基板的中部区域，“第二区域”指显示基板中围绕第一区域的环形区域。
例如，如图1中第一区域260沿AB方向的长度与第二区域270沿AB方向的长度的比值范围为0.5～4，本实施例包括但不限于此。这里“第二区域270沿AB方向的长度”指沿AB方向位于第一区域260两侧的第二区域270长度的总和。例如，第一区域260沿AB方向的长度与第二区域270沿AB方向的长度的比值为3:2或者2:3，本实施例对此不作限制。需要说明的是，本实施例不限于第一区域260沿AB方向的长度与第二区域270沿AB方向的长度的比值范围为0.5～4，例如，还可以是第一区域260沿Y方向的长度与第二区域270沿Y方向的长度的比值范围为0.5～4。
例如，图3b为显示基板上的一个像素单元的平面示意图，如图3b所示，显示基板上的每个像素单元210包括有效显示区211以及位于有效显示区211周边的周边区212，周边区212为非显示区域。多个隔垫物220设置在周边区212的多个特定位置。
例如，周边区212包括像素限定层230，多个隔垫物220可以设置在像素限定层230上。本实施例包括但不限于此，例如，多个隔垫物还可以设置在位于周边区的阴极层上。
需要说明的是，本实施例以显示基板为有机发光二极管的显示基板为例进行描述，本实施例不限于此，例如，显示基板还可以为阵列基板或彩膜基板等。
例如，在形成多个隔垫物220之前，对周边区212表面进行处理以形成交替设置的亲水区和疏水区，用于控制隔垫物220的形状。
例如，本实施例中采用等离子体表面处理工艺等对周边区212的特定位置的表面进行处理后，再通过喷墨印刷工艺在疏水区或亲水区涂布用于形成隔垫物220的胶材221以形成具有固定形状的隔垫物220。需要说明的是，当胶材为油性材料时，本实施例选择将胶材涂布在疏水区以防止胶材的扩散，因此上述“特定位置”是指疏水区；当液状胶材为亲水性材料时，本实施例选择将胶材涂布在亲水区以防止胶材的扩散，因此上述“特定位置”是指亲水区，本实施例对此不作限制。本实施例利用喷墨印刷工艺的精确定位功能实现隔垫物的定点涂布，既可以提高用于制备隔垫物的材料利用率又可以简化制备工艺。
需要说明的是，本实施例提供的隔垫物包括胶材以及掺杂在胶材中的至少一种纳米粒子。
例如，如图3a所示，隔垫物220中掺杂的纳米粒子包括钙(Ca)纳米粒子2221、钴(Co)纳米粒子2222和银(Ag)纳米粒子2223，本实施例包括但不限于此。本实施例在隔垫物中掺杂多种纳米粒子可以实现吸湿、散热、吸收残余气体等效果以延长显示基板的寿命。
例如，本实施例以多个隔垫物220掺杂多种纳米粒子时，每个隔垫物220中掺杂一种纳米粒子为例进行描述。本实施例包括但不限于此，例如，还可以为每个隔垫物中掺杂多种纳米粒子，各纳米粒子的掺杂比例可调，即，可根据显示基板上不同位置的需要来调节胶材种掺杂的各纳米粒子的掺杂比例。
需要说明的是，本实施例的示例以隔垫物中掺杂的纳米粒子包括钙纳米粒子、钴纳米粒子和银纳米粒子为例进行描述，本示例不限于此，还可以仅包括钙纳米粒子、钴纳米粒子或银纳米粒子，或者是包括任意两种纳米粒子的组合。
例如，隔垫物220的胶材221中掺杂的钙(Ca)纳米粒子2221具有吸收水汽以及氧气粒子的作用。由于有机发光二极管显示基板对氧气粒子以及水汽非常敏感，如果氧和水汽渗入到有机发光二极管显示基板内部会引起诸如黑点、针孔、电极氧化、有机材料化学反应等不良，从而严重影响有机发光二极管显示基板的寿命，因此，本实施例对位于第一区域260以及第二区域270的周边区212的多个特定位置涂布掺杂钙纳米粒子2221隔垫物220，例如掺杂钙纳米粒子2221的隔垫物220设置在第二区域270的周边区212的数量大于掺杂钙纳米粒子2221的隔垫物220设置在第一区域260的周边区212的数量以延长水氧侵蚀路径，即通过钙纳米粒子与水氧发生化学反应以吸收水氧，进而防止微量氧气粒子及水汽对显示基板的侵蚀，间接提高了显示基板的寿命。本 实施例不限于此，例如，还可以将掺杂钙纳米粒子2221的隔垫物220仅设置在第二区域270的周边区212，也可以起到防止微量氧气粒子及水汽对显示基板的侵蚀的作用。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限于在隔垫物中掺杂的钙纳米粒子，还可以是其他能够起到吸收水汽以及氧气粒子作用的纳米粒子。例如，隔垫物中还可以掺杂钡(Ba)纳米粒子、锆(Zr)纳米粒子或钛(Ti)纳米粒子等金属粒子。
例如，在制备有源矩阵有机发光二极管显示基板时，将彩膜制备在薄膜晶体管中，在彩膜上沉积氧化铟锡并制备白光有机发光二极管的过程中，彩膜中的染料、色素、分散剂等材料释放的有机杂质气体(outgas)会进入到薄膜晶体管器件中，从而影响薄膜晶体管的生产良率，并大幅度减少显示基板的使用寿命。本实施例对位于第一区域260以及第二区域270的周边区212的多个特定位置涂布掺杂银纳米粒子2223的隔垫物220，即在位于显示基板200中部以及围绕中部的环形区域设置掺杂银纳米粒子2223的隔垫物220，既可以与氧气作用以吸收氧气，又可以吸收有机发光二极管显示基板内残存的有机杂质气体，从而进行有害物质的去除以延长显示基板的寿命。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限于在隔垫物中掺杂的银纳米粒子，还可以是其他能够起到吸收氧气粒子以及有机杂质气体作用的纳米粒子。
例如，还可以对位于第一区域260以及第二区域270的周边区212涂布掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的隔垫物220。
例如，掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的隔垫物220设置在位于远离绑定区280的第二区域270的数量小于设置在位于第一区域260以及靠近绑定区280的第二区域270隔垫物220的数量，即，在靠近绑定区280的第二区域270中掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的数量大于其他位置掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的数量。
例如，第二区域270中靠近绑定区280的区域包括：绑定区280与第一区域260之间的第二区域270。
例如，第二区域270中靠近绑定区280的区域包括：在像素区2670沿Y方向的尺寸中的靠近绑定区280的10％以内的区域，本实施例包括但不限于此。
例如，如图3a所示，绑定区280沿X方向延伸，第二区域270为环形区域，第二区域270中靠近绑定区280的区域包括：环形第二区域270中靠近绑定区280的沿X方向延伸的区域的整体。
例如，还可以将掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的隔垫物220仅设置在位于第一区 域260以及靠近绑定区280的第二区域270，即仅在位于显示基板200中部以及靠近绑定区280的位置设置掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的隔垫物220，本实施例对此不作限制。
一方面，由于有机发光二极管显示基板在封装过程中受到较高的激光辐射作用，即对显示基板进行盖板贴合过程中，会采用激光束加热熔化用于密封显示基板的玻璃料(frit)，就是说在盖板封装过程中，显示基板受到较高的激光辐射作用，从而产生一定热量；另一方面，在有机发光二极管显示基板被点亮的时候也会产生相应的热量，使显示基板中部及绑定(bonding)区温度升高明显且难以很快扩散出去。本实施例中在隔垫物220的胶材221中掺杂的钴纳米粒子2222具有高热传导性，可以对显示基板的中部以及绑定(bonding)区产生的热量进行传递，即钴纳米粒子2222有利于将显示基板内的热量及时传送出去，从而确保显示基板正常的工作温度。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限于在隔垫物中掺杂钴纳米粒子，还可以掺杂其他能够起到吸收热量作用的纳米粒子。例如，隔垫物中还可以掺杂铱(Ir)纳米粒子等。
例如，钙纳米粒子2221在吸水后容易膨胀变色，因此钙纳米粒子2221在胶材221中掺杂质量比例较低，即在胶材中221掺杂的钙纳米粒子2221的掺杂质量比例低于钴纳米粒子2222或银纳米粒子2223的掺杂质量比例。
例如，钙纳米粒子2221的掺杂质量比例为3％～6％，即钙纳米粒子2221占隔垫物220总质量的质量比例为3％～6％，本实施例包括但不限于此。
例如，银纳米粒子2223/钴纳米粒子2222的掺杂质量比例为8％～12％，即银纳米粒子2223/钴纳米粒子2222占隔垫物220总质量的质量比例为8％～12％，本实施例包括但不限于此。
需要说明的是，各金属纳米粒子的质量掺杂比例可根据实际显示基板的需要而调整比例。
例如，掺杂钙纳米粒子2221的隔垫物220的数量、掺杂银纳米粒子2223的隔垫物220的数量以及掺杂钴纳米粒子2222的隔垫物220的数量的比例大致为3:3:4。本实施例包括但不限于此，需综合显示基板受到水汽、氧气粒子、有机杂质气体等的影响来决定周边区各位置掺杂纳米粒子的类型以及比例。需要说明的是，本实施例不限于在周边区设置掺杂钙、银和钴纳米粒子的隔垫物，还可以是在周边区设置掺杂钙、银和钴纳米粒子的至少之一的隔垫物。
例如，本实施例提供的隔垫物220的高度不小于4μm，例如，隔垫物220的高度为4-10μm，本实施例对此不作限制。
例如，掺杂纳米粒子的胶材221为高粘度加热固化型材料，例如，本实施例采用的高粘度加热固化型材料可以包括环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺或者有机硅等，通过对前述材料进行掺杂以实现提高粘度的效果。
例如，本实施例采用的胶材的粘度为一般形成隔垫物的胶材的粘度的10-100倍。
例如，本实施例采用的隔垫物的粘度为10000～100000Pa·s，本实施例不限于此。由于高粘度胶材可以在涂布到周边区的特定位置上经加热固化后快速形成具有固定形状的隔垫物，因此本实施例可以实现对隔垫物形状的控制，节省工艺步骤并且能提高材料的利用率。
例如，掺杂在胶材221中的纳米粒子需确保在胶材221中的分布为均匀分布，以起到较好的吸湿、散热、吸气等效果，从而能够延长显示基板的使用寿命。
例如，本实施例中掺杂不同纳米粒子的胶材221可以为同一种胶材。
例如，在周边区212不同特定位置涂布掺杂不同纳米粒子的胶材221时，由于胶材221为同一种胶材，因此分布在周边区212不同位置的胶材221可以实现无缝隙的扩散接触。
例如，如图3a和4b所示，本实施例一示例在周边区212不同特定位置涂布掺杂不同纳米粒子的同一种胶材221，由于同一种胶材可以实现无缝隙的扩散接触，因此形成了包围有效显示区211一圈的连续的隔垫物220，本实施例包括但不限于此。
例如，图4a为本实施例一示例提供的一种显示基板的平面示意图，如图4a所示，例如，对周边区212进行了表面处理以形成交替设置的亲水区与疏水区后，对特定位置涂布的具有相同胶材221的隔垫物220形成如图所示的块状隔垫物。本实施例不限于此，图4a只是示意性示例。
例如，图4b为本实施例一示例提供的一种显示基板的平面示意图，如图4b所示，在周边区212上沿Y方向设置的隔垫物220采用同一种胶材221形成，即可无缝隙扩散形成位于有效显示区211沿Y方向延伸的条状隔垫物220。本实施例包括但不限于此，例如，还可以为在周边区212上沿X方向设置的隔垫物220采用同一种胶材221形成，或者在其他特定位置设置采用同一种胶材 221的隔垫物220。
例如，掺杂不同纳米粒子的胶材可以为不同种胶材，在周边区上不同特定位置涂布掺杂不同纳米粒子的不同种胶材时，隔垫物不会产生无缝隙扩散接触的现象。本实施例包括但不限于此，例如还可以为掺杂多种纳米粒子的胶材中选用的胶材不完全相同，即可以部分掺杂多种纳米粒子的胶材选用同一种胶材，另一部分选用不同胶材，因此既可以形成条状隔垫物又形成块状隔垫物。
实施例三
本实施例提供一种显示装置，该显示装置包括上述任一种具有掺杂纳米粒子的隔垫物的显示基板。该显示装置在工作过程中可以起到吸湿、散热、吸气等作用，从而延长显示装置的寿命。
例如，该显示装置可以为液晶显示装置、OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)显示装置等显示器件以及包括该显示装置的电视、数码相机、手机、手表、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或者部件，本实施例不限于此。
有以下几点需要说明：
(1)除非另作定义，本公开实施例以及附图中，同一标号代表同一含义。
(2)本公开实施例附图中，只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。
(3)为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层或区域被放大。可以理解，当诸如层、膜、区域或基板之类的元件被称作位于另一元件“上”或“下”时，该元件可以“直接”位于另一元件“上”或“下”，或者可以存在中间元件。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种显示基板的制作方法，其中，所述显示基板包括像素区，所述像素区包括阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个所述像素单元包括有效显示区以及位于所述有效显示区周边的周边区，所述制作方法包括：
    通过喷墨印刷工艺在所述周边区形成多个隔垫物，
    其中，所述隔垫物包括胶材以及掺杂在所述胶材中的至少一种纳米粒子。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，所述隔垫物中掺杂多种纳米粒子，形成所述隔垫物包括：
    采用多个喷嘴对所述周边区多个位置涂布所述隔垫物，且每个所述喷嘴涂布的所述隔垫物中掺杂一种所述纳米粒子，不同的所述喷嘴涂布的所述隔垫物中掺杂不同的所述纳米粒子。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，通过所述喷墨印刷工艺在所述周边区形成所述隔垫物之前还包括：
    对所述周边区的表面进行处理以形成交替设置的亲水区和疏水区。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，形成的所述隔垫物中掺杂的所述纳米粒子包括钙、钴和银金属纳米粒子中的至少之一，且所述像素区包括位于其中部的第一区域以及围绕所述第一区域的第二区域，所述显示基板还包括位于所述第二区域外的沿第一方向延伸的第一边缘处的绑定区。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，形成所述隔垫物包括：
    在所述第一区域以及所述第二区域形成掺杂钙纳米粒子的所述隔垫物，且在所述第二区域形成的掺杂钙纳米粒子的所述隔垫物的数量大于在所述第一区域形成的掺杂钙纳米粒子的所述隔垫物的数量。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，形成所述隔垫物包括：
    在所述第一区域以及所述第二区域形成掺杂银纳米粒子的所述隔垫物。
  7. 根据权利要求4-6任一项所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，形成所述隔垫物包括：
    在所述第一区域以及所述第二区域形成掺杂钴纳米粒子的所述隔垫物，且 在远离所述绑定区的所述第二区域形成掺杂钴纳米粒子的所述隔垫物的数量小于在所述第一区域以及靠近所述绑定区的所述第二区域形成的掺杂钴纳米粒子的所述隔垫物的数量。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，形成的所述隔垫物的高度不小于4μm。
  9. 一种显示基板，包括：
    像素区，包括阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个所述像素单元包括有效显示区以及位于所述有效显示区周边的周边区；
    多个隔垫物，设置在所述周边区，
    其中，所述隔垫物包括胶材以及掺杂在所述胶材中的至少一种纳米粒子。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的显示基板，其中，所述多个隔垫物掺杂多种纳米粒子，每个所述隔垫物中掺杂一种所述纳米粒子。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的显示基板，其中，所述胶材为高粘度加热固化型材料，且所述胶材的粘度为10000～100000Pa·s。
  12. 根据权利要求9-11任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述纳米粒子均匀分布在所述胶材中。
  13. 根据权利要求9-12任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述隔垫物中掺杂的所述纳米粒子包括钙、钴和银金属纳米粒子中的至少之一。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示基板，其中，所述像素区包括位于其中部的第一区域以及围绕所述第一区域的第二区域，所述显示基板还包括位于所述第二区域外的沿第一方向延伸的第一边缘处的绑定区。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的显示基板，其中，掺杂银纳米粒子的所述隔垫物设置在所述第一区域以及所述第二区域。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的显示基板，其中，掺杂钙纳米粒子的所述隔垫物设置在所述第一区域以及所述第二区域，且设置在所述第二区域的掺杂钙纳米粒子的所述隔垫物的数量大于设置在所述第一区域的掺杂钙纳米粒子的所述隔垫物的数量。
  17. 根据权利要求14-16任一项所述的显示基板，其中，掺杂钴纳米粒子的所述隔垫物设置在所述第一区域以及所述第二区域，且掺杂钴纳米粒子的所述隔垫物设置在远离所述绑定区的所述第二区域的数量小于掺杂钴纳米粒子的所述隔垫物设置在所述第一区域以及靠近所述绑定区的所述第二区域的数 量。
  18. 根据权利要求14-17任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一区域沿所述第一方向的长度与所述第二区域沿所述第一方向的长度的比值的范围为0.5～4。
  19. 根据权利要求9-18任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述纳米粒子包括钙、钴和银纳米粒子，所述钙纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例为3％～6％，所述银纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例为8％～12％，以及所述钴纳米粒子的掺杂质量比例为8％～12％。
  20. 根据权利要求9-18任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述纳米粒子包括钙、钴和银纳米粒子，掺杂钙纳米粒子的所述隔垫物的数量、掺杂银纳米粒子的所述隔垫物的数量以及掺杂钴纳米粒子的所述隔垫物的数量的比例为3:3:4。
  21. 一种显示装置，包括权利要求9-20任一项所述的显示基板。
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