WO2018196406A1 - 多串电池组管理系统 - Google Patents

多串电池组管理系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018196406A1
WO2018196406A1 PCT/CN2017/117217 CN2017117217W WO2018196406A1 WO 2018196406 A1 WO2018196406 A1 WO 2018196406A1 CN 2017117217 W CN2017117217 W CN 2017117217W WO 2018196406 A1 WO2018196406 A1 WO 2018196406A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
battery packs
battery
string
controller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/117217
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦威
赵世兴
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Autel Robotics Co Ltd
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Autel Robotics Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Autel Robotics Co Ltd filed Critical Autel Robotics Co Ltd
Priority to EP17832181.6A priority Critical patent/EP3599697B1/en
Priority to US15/975,351 priority patent/US10720672B2/en
Publication of WO2018196406A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018196406A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/663—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/40—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data
    • H02J7/443—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors
    • H02J7/445—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors in response to measured battery parameters, e.g. voltage, current or temperature profile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/485—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H02J7/82—Control of state of charge [SOC]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of energy storage technologies, and in particular, to a multi-string battery management system.
  • multi-string lithium battery technology solutions are increasingly used in industries such as drones, electric vehicles, distributed power systems and mobile terminals.
  • many series of lithium battery management systems are mainly composed of a microprocessor and a detection control module.
  • Due to technical limitations such as high voltage, multi-string battery technology solutions generally use two metering chips, such as TI's BQ78350+BQ76930 solution, but the technical solution has the following disadvantages, for example, the metering accuracy is greatly affected by the environment; After that, the measurement deviation is large, or there is no reasonable corresponding measure for the sudden situation such as the power jump.
  • the requirements for metering accuracy of the battery management system are relatively high.
  • the current multi-string lithium battery management system cannot meet the requirements of the drone for the metering accuracy of the battery management system.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a multi-string battery management system, including:
  • a plurality of multi-string battery packs a plurality of fuel gauge modules respectively connected to the plurality of multi-string battery packs; and a controller respectively connected to the plurality of fuel gauge modules for the plurality of multi-string battery cells Group management.
  • the plurality of power metering modules (20) acquire parameter information of the plurality of multi-string battery packs, and obtain compensation parameters according to the parameter information, the controller according to the compensation parameters A plurality of multi-string battery packs (10) are managed.
  • the parameter information includes at least one of: main loop current information, voltage information of the plurality of multi-string battery packs, temperature information of the plurality of multi-string battery packs, and charge percentage information.
  • the fuel gauge module further includes at least one of: a main loop current collecting unit connected to the main loop for collecting main loop current information; a battery pack voltage collecting unit, and a plurality of strings connected to the fuel gauge module;
  • the group connection is used for collecting voltage information of the plurality of battery packs;
  • the temperature collecting unit is connected with the plurality of battery packs connected to the power metering module, and is used for collecting temperature information of the plurality of strings of battery packs.
  • the power metering module further includes an impedance tracking unit configured to track impedances of the plurality of battery packs connected to the power metering module, and obtain the plurality according to impedances of the plurality of battery packs Aging information of the string battery pack.
  • a communication isolation module is disposed between the power measurement module and the controller, and the controller obtains a compensation parameter obtained by the power measurement module of the communication isolation module; the power measurement module is obtained by the communication isolation module.
  • the measurement result obtained by the controller through statistical compensation parameters.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes: an inter-battery equalization module, one side of the inter-battery equalization module is connected to at least two multi-string battery packs, and the other side is connected to the controller for The voltage between the plurality of strings of battery packs is equalized under the control of the controller.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes a plurality of in-battery equalization modules, one side of the plurality of in-cell equalization modules being respectively connected to one of the plurality of series of battery packs, and the other side is respectively And a power metering module connected to the plurality of battery packs for equalizing voltages of the batteries in the plurality of multi-string battery packs under the control of the power metering module.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes: a boost driving module, one side of the boost driving module is connected to one of the power metering modules, and the other side is connected to the controller, the group of multi-string batteries
  • the power metering module of the group outputs a boost signal for driving the boost driving module to be turned on under the trigger of the metering result, so that the boost driving module controls the main circuit switch to be turned off.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes: an anti-reverse module, the anti-reverse module is connected in parallel with the main circuit switch for controlling the main circuit switch to be turned off during reverse charging.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes: a pre-charging module respectively connected to the plurality of multi-string battery packs and the controller, configured to be turned on under the control of the controller, and configured to trickle charge to the plurality of The plurality of battery packs are charged; the pre-discharge module is respectively connected to the plurality of multi-string battery packs and the controller for being turned on under the control of the controller, and discharging the plurality of multi-string battery packs by the trickle discharge method.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes: a battery self-discharging module, connected to the controller, and turned on under the control of the controller when the battery is in the storage state to control the plurality of battery packs to be small Current discharge mode discharge.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes a main loop detecting resistor disposed on the main loop, the main loop detecting resistor collecting current of the main loop, and detecting the resistor through the main loop The resistance value and the voltage value are calculated, and the current value of the main circuit is calculated for monitoring and managing the current of the main circuit.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes a reset module coupled to the controller for resetting the controller.
  • the multi-string battery management system provided by the example of the present application and the UAV applying the system perform deep learning on the state of the multi-string battery group through the electric energy metering module, and compensate the parameter information of the multi-string battery group according to the result of the deep learning,
  • the parameters of the multi-string battery pack are obtained, which are the compensation parameters.
  • the controller collects the compensation parameters of the multi-string battery packs, and selects the parameters that can represent the current battery information as the measurement result, which can obtain the current power information more accurately. And current battery usage, which allows for more accurate metering of battery management system battery power.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-string battery management system provided by a first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frame of a multi-string battery management system provided by a second embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication isolation module of a multi-string battery management system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 shows an inter-battery equalization circuit of a multi-string battery management system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a multi-string battery management system is provided.
  • the so-called “multi-string battery pack” may be a group of four strings of batteries. It can also be determined as other quantities according to actual needs.
  • the system can include a plurality of multi-string battery packs 10, a plurality of fuel gauge modules 20, and a controller 30.
  • the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 may be composed of four, six or eight batteries connected in series, or may be composed of other numbers of batteries connected in series.
  • the number of batteries connected in series is not limited, and specifically, the number of batteries connected in series may be selected according to actual conditions.
  • the battery may be a lithium battery or a lead storage battery.
  • the multi-string battery models of the same group may be the same or different, and are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the plurality of power metering modules 20 are respectively connected to the plurality of multi-string battery packs 10, and the controllers 30 are respectively connected to the plurality of power metering modules 20 for managing the plurality of multi-string battery packs 10.
  • the plurality of power metering modules 20 acquire parameter information of the plurality of multi-string battery packs 10, and the controller 30 manages the plurality of multi-string battery packs according to the acquired parameter information. Management of multiple strings of battery packs, including power detection, impedance tracking and deep intelligent learning for multiple strings of battery packs, and protection against abnormal states such as overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent, short circuit, overtemperature, undertemperature, etc. Wait.
  • the fuel gauge module 20 performs deep learning on the states of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 to obtain parameter information of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10, and performs parameter information of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 according to the obtained parameter information. Compensation, and then get the compensation parameters.
  • the parameter information of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 may include voltage information of multiple strings of battery packs 10, main loop current information, temperature information of a plurality of strings of battery packs 10, and percentage information of power, and may also include The electric quantity information of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 and the impedance information and the like are parameter information indicating the state of the battery.
  • the parameter information of the multi-string battery pack 10 is collected by the fuel gauge module 20 connected to the plurality of multi-string battery packs 10, respectively.
  • the power metering module 20 can adopt a BQ40Z50 power metering chip, which can support a battery pack composed of one to four batteries in series, and has high-precision voltage, current and temperature sampling functions.
  • the plurality of power metering modules 20 are connected in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of multi-string battery packs 10, and can deeply learn various states of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10.
  • the fuel gauge module 20 can continuously learn various states such as the increase in impedance caused by aging of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10; the influence of temperature on the battery; the influence of impedance and temperature on the battery power or voltage.
  • a topology model or a neural network may be established by deep learning the various states of the battery, and the topology model or the neural network applied to the battery power measurement may be used to analyze and compensate various parameters of the battery, thereby obtaining and The compensation parameter corresponding to the current state of the battery.
  • the temperature profile of the battery can be compensated to accommodate the temperature of the current multi-string battery pack 10, and the impedance of the battery can be compensated so that the multi-string battery pack 10 can be charged and discharged according to the actual impedance.
  • the fuel gauge module 20 can also include a register that can store the compensated parameters of the compensated multi-string battery pack 10 in a register for ready to be called.
  • the controller 30 is respectively connected to the plurality of power metering modules 20 for acquiring compensation parameters, and the statistical compensation parameters are obtained by the measurement results. For example, the controller 30 may count the compensation parameters of all the multiple strings of battery packs 10 according to the compensation parameters of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 stored in the registers of the power metering module 20 to form data information of the entire battery pack.
  • the battery pack is composed of a plurality of multi-string battery packs 10 connected in series.
  • the controller 30 may add the voltages of the respective multi-string battery packs 10 of the plurality of multi-string battery packs 10 as the entire battery pack voltage; a plurality of multi-string batteries may be The power of each of the plurality of battery packs 10 in the group 10 is added as the entire battery pack power; the currents of the plurality of series of battery packs 10 connected in series are the same, and the current of the last group of the plurality of series of battery packs 10 can be selected as the current of the entire battery pack.
  • the temperature of the battery with the highest temperature value or the temperature of the battery with the highest temperature among the plurality of series of battery packs 10 can be selected as the temperature of the entire battery pack, and after the controller 30 obtains the measurement result of the compensation parameter, the calculated battery
  • the voltage, electric quantity, current, and temperature information of the package are used as measurement results to characterize the status information of the current plurality of multi-string battery packs 10.
  • the controller manages the plurality of battery packs based on the measurement result, for example, performing voltage equalization, temperature compensation, and the like between the plurality of battery packs.
  • the controller can send the voltage, current, temperature, and the like that each battery pack needs to compensate to the respective power metering modules 20 according to the voltage, temperature, and the like between the plurality of battery packs, and the respective power metering modules 20 compensate according to the needs.
  • Voltage, current, temperature, etc. are used to perform intra-group equalization for each battery pack.
  • the measurement result may also be sent to an external host system, and the external host system may be a product or device to which the multi-string battery management system is applied, for example, various loads such as a drone, an electric vehicle, etc., so that the user can perform the measurement according to the above As a result, various processes such as shutdown, restart, and the like are performed.
  • the multi-string battery management system provided by the second embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of multi-string battery packs 10, a plurality of fuel gauge modules 20, and a controller 30, and further includes communication.
  • the plurality of multi-string battery packs 10, the plurality of fuel gauge modules 20, and the controller 30 included in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, they are not described herein again, and will be described below in the second embodiment.
  • the other modules included are described in detail. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that FIG. 2 shows a multi-string battery management system provided by one of the embodiments of the present application. In other embodiments of the present application, it is not necessary to include all the modules shown in FIG. Instead, one or more of the modules shown in FIG. 2 may be included.
  • the 2 shows a multi-string battery management system built by the fuel gauge module 20, the controller 30, the communication isolation module 40, etc., wherein the controller 30 can communicate with the external host system through the host communication port 140.
  • the host communication port 140 can communicate via the RS485 communication protocol. In different implementations of the present application, other communication protocols that can perform measurement result transmission are also applicable.
  • the external host system can adjust the working state of the current host through information such as voltage, capacity, current, and temperature in the measurement result.
  • the plurality of power metering modules 20 further includes:
  • the battery voltage collecting unit 22 is connected to the plurality of battery packs 10 connected to the plurality of power measuring modules 20 for collecting voltage information of the plurality of battery packs 10.
  • the main loop current collecting unit 23 is connected to the main loop for collecting main loop current information.
  • the temperature collecting unit 24 is connected to the plurality of battery packs 10 connected to the plurality of power measuring modules 20 for collecting temperature information of the plurality of battery packs 10.
  • the voltage and current of the battery pack can be collected by using a voltage sampling unit and a current sampling unit in the power metering chip.
  • the current and temperature can be collected by using the peripheral circuit or device of the metering chip.
  • the main loop detecting resistor 160 can be set on the main loop to collect the current of the main loop, and the resistance of the resistor 160 can be detected through the main loop.
  • the value and the voltage value are calculated, and the current value of the main circuit is calculated, and the current value of the main circuit is compared with the threshold value to realize monitoring and management of the main circuit current;
  • the temperature sensor can be set on each of the plurality of battery packs 10, The temperature of each group of the plurality of battery packs 10 is collected.
  • the parameter information is collected, the total voltage, current, and temperature information of the plurality of battery packs 10 may be collected, or the voltage, current, and temperature information of each of the plurality of battery packs 10 may be separately collected.
  • the learning of the states of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 by the plurality of fuel gauge modules 20 may include tracking the impedance of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10.
  • the fuel gauge module 20 may include an impedance tracking unit 21 for tracking impedances of the plurality of battery packs 10 connected to the plurality of power gauge modules 20 to obtain an aging state of the plurality of battery packs 10 . .
  • the aging state of the multi-string battery pack 10 has a large influence on the voltage, capacity, and the like of the battery. As the multi-string battery pack 10 ages, the impedance of the multi-string battery pack 10 increases continuously, and the impedance tracking unit can acquire multiple strings in real time.
  • the impedance information of the battery pack 10 is such that the fuel gauge module 20 compensates the output voltage of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 or compensates the temperature profiles of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 to achieve accurate fuel gauge.
  • the multi-string battery management system may further include a plurality of communication isolation modules 40, one side of each of the plurality of communication isolation modules 40 and a power
  • the metering modules 20 are connected, and the other side is respectively connected to the controller 30 for reading the compensation parameters from the plurality of power metering modules 20 under the control of the controller 30 and transmitting the compensation parameters to the controller 20.
  • the plurality of communication isolation modules 40 are further configured to transmit the measurement results obtained by the controller 30 through the statistical compensation parameters to the plurality of power measurement modules 20 under the control of the controller 30.
  • the core of the communication isolation module 40 is a bidirectional isolation IC as shown in FIG.
  • the barrier isolates the logic input and output buffers of the bidirectional isolation IC.
  • the two ground terminals are respectively connected to the first reference ground GND1 and the second reference ground GND2, which can prevent noise current from entering and interfere with or damage the sensitive circuit.
  • the two sides of the isolation chip are respectively powered by the first power supply terminal VCC1 and the second power supply terminal VCC2. It should be noted that the first input terminal SDA1 is connected to the corresponding power metering module 10, and the second input terminal SDA2 is connected to the controller 30 to avoid the situation in which the controller 30 cannot recognize the data signal due to the diode clamping voltage.
  • the controller 30 outputs the read drive signal, and drives the communication isolation module 40 to read the voltage, current, temperature, percentage of charge, and the like collected by the power metering module 10 corresponding thereto. Similarly, the controller 30 can also transmit through the output.
  • the driving signal drives the communication isolation module 40 to transmit the measurement result to the power metering module 20 corresponding thereto.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes a plurality of in-battery equalization modules 50, and the equalization modules 50 of the plurality of battery packs One side is connected to one multi-string battery pack 10, and the other side is connected to the electric quantity measuring module 20 connected to the multi-string battery pack 10, respectively, for equalizing the plurality of strings in the battery pack 10 under the control of the electric quantity measuring module 20.
  • the voltage of the battery can utilize the equalization module in the fuel gauge module 20 to control the equalization of the voltage of each of the plurality of strings of battery cells 10. The voltages of the individual batteries in the plurality of strings 10 are balanced.
  • the multi-string battery management system further includes at least one inter-battery equalization module 60, and one side of the at least one inter-cell balancing module 60 is respectively connected to at least two multi-string battery packs 10, The other side is connected to the controller 30, respectively, for equalizing the voltage between the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 under the control of the controller 30, respectively. Since the level is incompatible, the control cannot be directly performed.
  • the inter-battery equalization module 60 level conversion can be realized, thereby realizing the function of the low-side voltage circuit controlling the high-side voltage circuit.
  • the balancing between the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 is implemented by the controller 30 controlling the inter-battery equalization circuit.
  • the specific implementation process is: the controller 30 controls the equalization circuit to the voltage when the battery is charged or at rest. The highest group of batteries is discharged, and then a higher group of batteries is discharged in sequence until the voltages of each group are consistent.
  • the controller 20 controls the gate of the first transistor Q1 through the I/0 terminal, and controls the gates of the second transistor Q2 and the third transistor Q3 through the resistor division, so that the high side voltage can be controlled with the low side voltage, and the different voltages can be equalized.
  • the voltage of each of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 equalizes the voltage between the plurality of strings of battery packs 10. Taking eight sets of multi-string battery packs 10 as an example, in one implementation, as shown in FIG.
  • the exemplary circuit suitable for an inter-group equalization circuit of eight sets of multi-string battery packs.
  • one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the I/O terminal of the controller 20, and the other end is connected to the gate of the first transistor Q1 and one end of the second resistor R2, respectively, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is
  • the source of the first transistor Q1 is connected and connected to the reference ground DGND of the first plurality of strings of batteries
  • the drain of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the second
  • the gate of the transistor Q2 is connected
  • the fourth resistor R4 is disposed between the gate and the drain of the second transistor Q2, the drain of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the reference voltage VCC, and the source of the second transistor Q2 is passed through the fifth resistor R5.
  • a sixth resistor R6 is disposed between the gate and the source of the third transistor Q3, and the source of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the fourth group of the plurality of series of battery packs B4, the third transistor The drain of Q3, the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8, and the eighth group of multi-string battery packs B8 are connected.
  • the main loop switch 150 needs to be added to the main loop.
  • the main circuit switch 150 needs to respond to the abnormal state of the battery pack, and disconnects the plurality of battery packs 10 from the load when the abnormal state occurs to protect the plurality of battery packs.
  • the multi-string battery management system may further include: a boost drive module 70, one side of the boost drive circuit 70 One of the plurality of battery packs 10 connected to the fuel gauge module 20 is connected, and the other side is connected to the controller 30.
  • the fuel gauge module 20 of the plurality of strings of the battery pack 10 is output for driving the boost under the trigger of the measurement result.
  • the boost signal that the drive module 70 turns on causes the boost drive module 70 to control the main loop switch 150 to open.
  • the electricity measurement module 20 can detect the measurement result, and when abnormality such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, or undertemperature is detected in the measurement result, At this time, the fuel gauge module 20 of the multi-string battery pack 10 outputs a boost signal for driving the boost drive module 70 to start, so that the boost drive module 70 controls the main loop switch 150 to be turned off.
  • the boost drive module 70 drives the main circuit switch 150 to be turned off.
  • the working principle of the boost driving module 70 is: the main circuit switch 150 can be set at the output end of the system.
  • a transistor switch can be set, which is driven by a high level signal and is turned off by a low level signal to Implement the output of the control system.
  • the boost drive module 70 is coupled to a set of fuel gauge modules 20 having the lowest voltage; in other implementations, the boost drive module 70 can be coupled to other sets of fuel gauge modules 20.
  • the voltage driving energy of a group of multi-string battery packs 10 (the uppermost group of multi-string battery packs 10 shown in FIG. 2) having the highest voltage is generally sufficient to drive the main loop switch 150, the voltage is the highest.
  • the fuel gauge module 20 of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 can control the main loop switch 150 with its own drive.
  • the fuel gauge module 20 of the group of the highest voltage group is not necessarily connected to the boost drive module 70, but is directly connected to The main circuit is open 150.
  • the low voltage multi-string battery pack 10 (excluding the uppermost group in FIG. 2) has insufficient voltage driving energy, and thus the boost driving module 70 is required to boost the driving main circuit switch 150.
  • the boost driving module 70 adopts liter.
  • the pressure pump chip is controlled, the boost pump chip is powered by the positive voltage of the plurality of battery packs 10, and the ground terminal is connected to the negative poles of the plurality of battery packs 10.
  • the boost driving module 70 in the present application is generally connected to any other group of power metering modules 20 other than the power metering module 20 corresponding to the group of multi-string battery packs 10 having the highest voltage.
  • the boost signal of the fuel gauge module 20 is directly subjected to the inversion processing to directly control the main loop switch 150, thereby ensuring the response speed of the system to the abnormal state of the multi-string battery pack 10.
  • the multi-string battery management system may further include: a pre-charging module 80, respectively
  • the string battery pack 10 is connected to the controller 30 for driving on the output of the controller 30 for controlling the pre-charging signal of the pre-charging of the plurality of battery packs 10, and performing the trickle charging method on the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 Charging.
  • the controller 30 can determine whether the voltage of the current plurality of battery packs 10 satisfies the pre-charge condition.
  • the pre-charge condition can be that the current multi-string battery pack 10 voltage is less than the preset voltage value, if the pre-compensation is satisfied.
  • the controller 30 can control the switch in the pre-charging module 80 to be turned on, so that the charging circuit passes a large power resistor, reduces the charging current, and charges the battery with a small current, and the voltage in the multi-string battery pack 10 reaches the pre-charge.
  • the controller 30 can control the switch of the pre-charging module 80 to be turned off, and switch back to the main circuit to normally charge the battery.
  • the pre-discharge module 90 is respectively connected to the plurality of multi-string battery packs 10 and the controller 30 for being turned on under the driving of the pre-discharge signal output by the controller 30 for controlling the pre-discharge of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10, so as to The string battery pack 10 discharges the load in a turbulent discharge manner.
  • the switch of the pre-discharge module 90 can be controlled to be turned on, so that the system discharges the load with a small current, and after the predetermined time of discharging the load, the pre-discharge is controlled. Module 90 is turned off and switched back to the main circuit to discharge the load normally.
  • the pre-charging module 80 may charge only one of the multi-string battery packs, or may simultaneously charge a plurality of multi-string battery packs; the pre-discharge module 90 may only have one or more The string battery pack is charged, and it is also possible to discharge a plurality of multi-string battery packs at the same time.
  • the above embodiment can effectively avoid damage of the battery by a large current during charging and discharging.
  • the multi-string battery management system may further include a display module 100 coupled to the controller 30 for displaying the measurement results.
  • the display module 100 can be a screen with a display function such as an LED screen, a liquid crystal display, etc.
  • the display content can be information such as the current capacity, voltage, current, and temperature of the plurality of battery packs, so that the user can Observe the real-time status of the battery pack clearly.
  • the multi-string battery management system may further include a reset module 110 coupled to the controller 30 for resetting the controller 30.
  • An erroneous control signal is generated at the controller 30, and the erroneous control signal of the controller 30 can be corrected by resetting to ensure the stability of the system.
  • the reset module 110 can adopt a reset chip circuit, and can forcibly reset the controller 30 by long pressing the reset button or the like.
  • the multi-string battery management system may further include: a battery self-discharging module 120 connected to the controller 30, and outputting a self-discharge signal for controlling self-discharge of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 outputted by the controller 30.
  • the battery is turned on when the battery is in the storage state to control the multi-string battery pack 10 to discharge in a small current discharge manner.
  • the battery can be discharged by controlling the battery self-discharging module 120 to discharge the battery with a small current to make the battery voltage within a reasonable voltage range, so as to increase the safety of the battery storage.
  • the multi-string battery management system may further include: an anti-reverse module 130 in parallel with the main circuit switch 150 for controlling the main circuit switch to be turned off during reverse charging.
  • the main circuit switch 150 can be a field effect transistor.
  • an anti-reverse field effect transistor can be disposed between the gate and the source of the main circuit switch 150 when there is an inverted charging current.
  • the anti-reverse switch FET When the anti-reverse switch FET is turned on, the potential of the gate of the main circuit switch 150 is pulled down to be the same as its source, thereby turning off the main circuit switch 150.
  • the anti-reverse module 130 needs to pay attention to the gate withstand voltage of the main circuit switch 150. It is necessary to calculate the value of the voltage dividing resistor suitable for the main circuit switch 150 to be turned off and on, while ensuring that the main circuit switch 150 is not damaged during normal operation.
  • FIG. 1-4 the principle of the multi-string battery management system is described.
  • four battery strings are taken as an example.
  • Each group uses a power metering chip such as a BQ40Z50 power metering chip.
  • Deep learning is performed on various states of the string battery pack, and data such as voltage, current, and temperature can be analyzed and compensated according to the learning result, and the compensated compensation parameter corresponding to the current battery state can be obtained, and the battery pack can be accurately implemented.
  • each group of power metering chips sends the collected battery pack compensation parameters to the controller 30, and the controller 30 collects information such as voltage, current, and temperature of each group of batteries, and screens the voltages of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 The sum, the current of the last plurality of strings of battery packs 10, and the temperature of the battery pack having the highest temperature among the plurality of sets of battery packs 10 as the data information of the entire battery pack.
  • the controller 30 feeds back the data information of the entire battery pack to the power metering module 20, and the power metering module 20 quickly and effectively protects the plurality of battery packs 10 according to the data information of the entire battery pack to ensure the protection performance of the entire system. Stable and safe.
  • the power metering chip of each group of batteries can equalize the battery voltages in each group, and the controller 30 balances the voltages between the groups of batteries by controlling the inter-battery equalization module 60 to ensure the voltage of each battery of the plurality of series of battery packs 10. be consistent.
  • the metering chips of each of the plurality of strings of battery packs 10 can communicate with the controller 30 via, for example, an Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C bus).
  • I2C bus Inter-Integrated Circuit
  • the power metering module performs deep learning on the status of the multi-string battery pack, and compensates the parameter information of the multi-string battery pack according to the result of the deep learning, and obtains the compensation parameter, which can obtain more accurate parameters of the multi-string battery pack, and the controller has multiple groups.
  • the compensation parameters of the multi-string battery pack are counted, and the compensation parameter capable of characterizing the current power information is selected as the measurement result, and the current power information and the current battery usage state can be obtained more accurately, so that the battery power of the battery management system can be more accurate. Measurement.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种多串电池组管理系统包括：多个多串电池组；多个电量计量模块，分别与所述多个多串电池组连接，以获取所述多个多串电池组的参数信息，进而根据所述参数信息得到补偿参数；控制器，分别与所述多个电量计量模块连接，用于根据所述补偿参数对所述多个多串电池组进行管理。通过本申请的多串电池组管理系统，可以较为精确地得到当前电量信息以及当前电池使用状况，从而可以对电池管理系统的电池电量进行更为精确的计量。

Description

多串电池组管理系统
本申请要求于2017年4月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为201720435994.9、申请名称为“多串电池组管理系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及储能技术领域，具体涉及一种多串电池组管理系统。
背景技术
随着科技的发展，多串锂电池技术方案越来越多地应用在无人机、电动汽车、分布式电源系统和移动终端等行业。目前多串锂电池管理系统多以微处理器为核心，辅以检测控制模块等构成。由于高电压等技术方面的限制，多串电池技术方案一般采用两个计量芯片，例如TI的BQ78350+BQ76930方案，但是该技术方案存在如下缺点，例如，计量精度受环境影响较大；多次循环之后计量偏差较大，或对应电量跳变等突发状况缺少合理的对应措施。在无人机行业，对电池管理系统计量精度的要求较高，目前的多串锂电池管理系统无法满足无人机对电池管理系统计量精度的要求。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供了一种多串电池组管理系统，包括：
多个多串电池组；多个电量计量模块，分别与所述多个多串电池组连接；以及控制器，分别与所述多个电量计量模块连接，用于对所述多个多串电池组进行管理。
在一些实施例中，所述多个电量计量模块(20)获取所述多个多串电池组的参数信息，根据所述参数信息得到补偿参数，所述控制器根据所述补偿参数对所述多个多串电池组(10)进行管理。
在一些实施例中，所述参数信息包括如下至少一种：主回路电流信息、所述多个多串电池组的电压信息、所述多个多串电池组的温度信息、电量百分比信息。
在一些实施例中，电量计量模块还包括如下至少一种：主回路电流采集单元，与主回路连接，用于采集主回路电流信息；电池组电压采集单元，与电量计量模块连接的多串电池组连接，用于采集多串电池组的电压信息；温度采集单元，与电量计量模块连接的多串电池组连接，用于采集多串电池组的温度信息。
在一些实施例中，所述电量计量模块还包括阻抗跟踪单元，用于对所述电量计量模块所连接的多串电池组的阻抗进行跟踪，根据所述多串电池组的阻抗获取所述多串电池组的老化信息。
在一些实施例中，电量计量模块与控制器之间设置有通信隔离模块，所述控制器通过所述通信隔离模块电量计量模块获取的补偿参数；所述电量计量模块通过所述通信隔离模块获取控制器通过统计补偿参数得到的计量结果。
在一些实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还包括：电池组间均衡模块， 电池组间均衡模块的一侧与至少两个多串电池组连接，另一侧与控制器连接，用于在控制器的控制下均衡多个多串电池组之间的电压。
在一些实施例中，所述多串电池管理系统还包括多个电池组内均衡模块，所述多个电池组内均衡模块的一侧分别与一个所述多串电池组连接，另一侧分别与该多串电池组所连接的电量计量模块连接，用于在所述电量计量模块的控制下均衡所述多个多串电池组内的电池的电压。
在一些实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还包括：升压驱动模块，升压驱动模块的一侧与其中一组电量计量模块相连接，另一侧与控制器连接，该组多串电池组的电量计量模块在计量结果的触发下输出用于驱动升压驱动模块开启的升压信号，以使升压驱动模块控制主回路开关断开。
在一些实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还包括：防反接模块，防反接模块与主回路开关并联，用于在反相充电时，控制主回路开关关闭。
在一些实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还包括：预充电模块，分别与多个多串电池组和控制器连接，用于在控制器的控制下开启，以涓流充电方式对多个多串电池组进行充电；预放电模块，分别与多个多串电池组和控制器连接，用于在控制器的控制下开启，以涓流放电方式使多个多串电池组进行放电。
在一些实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还包括：还包括电池自放电模块，与控制器连接，在控制器的控制下，在电池处于存储状态时开启，以控制多串电池组以小电流放电方式放电。
在一些实施例中，所述多串电池组管理系统还包括设置在主回路上的主回路检测电阻，所述主回路检测电阻对所述主回路的电流进行采集，通 过所述主回路检测电阻的电阻值和电压值，计算得到所述主回路的电流值，用于对所述主回路的电流进行监测和管理。
在一些实施例中，所述多串电池组管理系统还包括复位模块，与所述控制器连接，用于对所述控制器进行复位。
本申请实例提供的多串电池组管理系统及应用该系统的无人机，通过电量计量模块对多串电池组状态进行深度学习，根据深度学习的结果对多串电池组的参数信息补偿，可以得到较为精确的多串电池组的参数即补偿参数，控制器对多组多串电池组的补偿参数进行统计，筛选得到能够表征当前电量信息的参数作为计量结果，可以较为精确的得到当前电量信息以及当前电池使用状况，从而可以对电池管理系统的电池电量更为精确的计量。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本申请第一实施例提供的多串电池管理系统的框架示意图；
图2示出了本申请第二实施例提供的多串电池管理系统的框架示意图；
图3示出了本申请实施例提供的多串电池管理系统的通信隔离模块的 示意图；
图4示出了本申请实施例提供的多串电池管理系统的电池组间均衡电路。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
在本申请的第一实施例中，如图1所示，提供了一种多串电池组管理系统，应指出的是，所称的“多串电池组”可以为四串电池为一组，也可以根据实际需求确定为其他的数量。该系统可以包括：多个多串电池组10，多个电量计量模块20以及控制器30。
多个多串电池组10，在不同实现方式中，多串电池组10可以由四个、六个或八个电池串联组成，也可以由其他个数的电池串联组成。在本实施例中，并不对串联电池的数量进行限定，具体地可以根据实际情况选择串联的电池的数量。在本实施例中，电池可以为锂电池或铅蓄电池。同组的 多串电池型号可以相同，也可以不同，在本实施例中均不作限定。
多个电量计量模块20分别与多个多串电池组10连接，控制器30分别与所述多个电量计量模块20连接，用于对所述多个多串电池组10进行管理。在一些实现方式中，所述多个电量计量模块20获取所述多个多串电池组10的参数信息，供控制器30根据所获取的参数信息对多个多串电池组进行管理。对多串电池组进行管理，例如包括对多串电池组进行电量检测、阻抗跟踪和深度智能学习，以及对过充、过放、过流、短路、过温、欠温等异常状态开启保护功能等。在具体实施例中，电量计量模块20对多串电池组10的状态进行深度学习，以得到多串电池组10的参数信息，并根据所获得的参数信息对多串电池组10的参数信息进行补偿，进而得到补偿参数。在具体的实施例中，多串电池组10的参数信息可以包括多个多串电池组10的电压信息、主回路电流信息、多个多串电池组10温度信息以及电量百分比信息，还可以包括多个多串电池组10的电量信息以及阻抗信息等表征电池状态的参数信息。多串电池组10的参数信息由分别与多个多串电池组10连接的电量计量模块20采集。在本实施例中，电量计量模块20可以采用BQ40Z50电量计量芯片，该芯片可以支持一至四个电池串联组成的电池组，具有高精度的电压、电流和温度采样功能。多个电量计量模块20与多个多串电池组10一一对应连接，可以深度学习多串电池组10的各种状态。例如，电量计量模块20可以持续学习多串电池组10由于老化所带来的阻抗增加；温度对电池的影响；阻抗和温度对电池电量或电压的影响等多种状态。
在本实施例中，可以通过深度学习电池各种状态建立拓扑模型或神经 网络，在对电池电量计量时应用建立的拓扑模型或神经网络对电池的各种参数进行分析和补偿，从而可以得到与电池当前状态对应的补偿参数。例如，可以对电池的温度曲线进行补偿，以适应当前多串电池组10的温度，也可以对电池的阻抗进行补偿，以使多串电池组10可以根据实际的阻抗进行充放电。示例性地，电量计量模块20还可以包括寄存器，可以将补偿后的多串电池组10的补偿参数存储在寄存器中，以备随时被调用。
控制器30，分别与多个电量计量模块20连接，用于获取补偿参数，统计补偿参数得到计量结果。示例性地，控制器30可以根据电量计量模块20的寄存器中存储的多串电池组10的补偿参数，将所有多串电池组10的补偿参数统计到一起，构成整个电池包的数据信息，整个电池包由多个多串电池组10串联组成。例如，由于多个多串电池组10为串联，控制器30可以将多个多串电池组10中各个多串电池组10的电压相加作为为整个电池包电压；可以将多个多串电池组10中各个多串电池组10的电量相加作为整个电池包电量；串联的多串电池组10的电流相同，可以选取多串电池组10中的最后一组的电流为整个电池包的电流；可以选取多个多串电池组10中温度值最高的电池组的温度或温度最高的电池的温度作为整个电池包的温度，在控制器30统计补偿参数得到计量结果后，即经过计算的电池包的电压、电量、电流以及温度信息，作为计量结果，表征当前多个多串电池组10的状态信息。控制器根据该计量结果对所述多个电池组进行管理，例如，进行多个电池组之间的电压均衡、温度补偿等。具体地，控制器可以根据多个电池组间的电压、温度等，将各个电池组需要补偿的电压、电流、温度等发送给各个电量计量模块20，各个电量计量模块20根据所述需要补 偿的电压、电流、温度等对各个电池组进行组内均衡。该计量结果还可以发送至外部主机系统，所称外部主机系统可以为应用该多串电池管理系统的产品或设备，例如可以为无人机、电动汽车等各种负载，使得用户可以根据上述计量结果进行各种处理，例如关机、重启等。
如图2所述，为本申请的第二实施例提供的多串电池组管理系统，该系统除了包括多个多串电池组10，多个电量计量模块20以及控制器30，还进一步包括通信隔离模块40、电池组内均衡模块50、电池组间均衡模块60、升压驱动模块70等其他模块。由于第二实施例中所包括的多个多串电池组10、多个电量计量模块20以及控制器30与第一实施例中的相同，在此不再赘述，以下将对第二实施例中所包括的其他模块进行详细介绍。本领域普通技术人员应理解的是，图2示出的为本申请的其中一个实施例提供的多串电池管理系统，在本申请的其他实施例中，不必包括图2中示出的所有模块，而是可以包括图2中示出的模块中的一个或多个。
图2示出了由电量计量模块20、控制器30、通信隔离模块40等搭建的一个多串电池组管理系统，其中，控制器30可以通过主机通信端口140与外部主机系统通信，具体的，主机通信端口140可以通过RS485通信协议进行通信，在本申请的不同实现方式中，其他可以进行计量结果传输的通信协议同样适用。外部主机系统可以通过计量结果中的电压、容量、电流以及温度等信息对当前主机的工作状态做出相应的调整。
在该实施例中，多个电量计量模块20进一步包括：
电池组电压采集单元22，与多个电量计量模块20各自连接的的多串电池组10连接，用于采集多串电池组10的电压信息。主回路电流采集单元 23，与主回路连接，用于采集主回路电流信息。温度采集单元24，与多个电量计量模块20各自连接的多串电池组10连接，用于采集多串电池组10的温度信息。在具体的实施例中，可以利用电量计量芯片中的电压采样单元和电流采样单元对电池组的电压和电流进行采集。在本实施例中，可以利用计量芯片外围电路或装置对电流和温度进行采集，例如，可以在主回路上设置主回路检测电阻160对主回路的电流进行采集，通过主回路检测电阻160的电阻值和电压值，计算得到主回路的电流值，将主回路的电流值与阈值进行比较，从而实现对主回路电流的监测和管理；可以将温度传感器设置在各多串电池组10上，对各组多串电池组10的温度进行采集。在参数信息进行采集时，可以对多串电池组10总的电压、电流和温度信息进行采集，也可以分别对多串电池组10内的每节电池的电压、电流和温度信息分别进行采集。
由于阻抗的变化，尤其是电池老化带来的阻抗增加，对电池的充放电功率、电压以及容量带来较大的影响，为减小阻抗增加对电池计量结果的影响，在其中一个实施例中，多个电量计量模块20对多串电池组10的状态的学习可以包括对多串电池组10的阻抗进行跟踪。在本实施例中，电量计量模块20可以包括阻抗跟踪单元21，用于对多个电量计量模块20各自所连接的多串电池组10的阻抗进行跟踪，以获得多串电池组10的老化状态。多串电池组10的老化状态对电池的电压，容量等有较大的影响，随着多串电池组10的老化，多串电池组10的阻抗不断增加，阻抗跟踪单元可以通过实时获取多串电池组10的阻抗信息，以使电量计量模块20对多串电池组10输出电压进行补偿或对多串电池组10温度曲线进行补偿，实现 精确的电量计量。
为了保护系统的稳定与系统安全，避免数据传输出现错误，在该实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还可以包括多个通信隔离模块40，多个通信隔离模块40的一侧分别与一个电量计量模块20连接，另一侧分别与控制器30连接，用于在控制器30的控制下从多个电量计量模块20中读取补偿参数并将补偿参数传输至控制器20。多个通信隔离模块40还用于在控制器30的控制下将控制器30通过统计补偿参数得到的计量结果传输至多个电量计量模块20。
示例性地，通信隔离模块40核心是如图3所示的双向隔离IC。隔栅将双向隔离IC的逻辑输入和输出缓冲器隔离开来。其两个接地端分别接第一参考地GND1和第二参考地GND2，可以防止噪声电流进入而干扰或损坏敏感电路。隔离芯片两边分别采用第一供电端VCC1和第二供电端VCC2供电。应注意，第一输入端SDA1连接至与之对应的电量计量模块10，第二输入端SDA2连接至控制器30，以避开因二极管钳位电压而导致控制器30无法识别数据信号的情形。通过控制器30输出读取驱动信号，驱动通信隔离模块40读取与之对应的电量计量模块10采集到的电压，电流，温度，电量百分比等信息，同样的，控制器30还可以通过输出传输驱动信号，驱动通信隔离模块40向与之对应的电量计量模块20传输计量结果。通过设置通信隔离模块40，可以防止噪声电流进入从而干扰或损坏敏感，有助于使控制器30通过电量计量模块20所获取到的电压、电流、温度、容量、电量百分比等信息更为精准。
为防止电池过充、过放或使用不均导致的老化程度不一致，在该实施 例中，多串电池管理系统还包括多个电池组内均衡模块50，该多个电池组内均衡模块50的一侧分别与一个多串电池组10连接，另一侧分别与该多串电池组10所连接的电量计量模块20连接，用于在电量计量模块20的控制下均衡多串电池组10内的电池的电压。在具体的实施例中，多串电池组10内均衡可以利用电量计量模块20中的均衡模块控制多串电池组10内每节电池的电压的均衡。以使多串电池组10内各个电池的电压达到均衡。
示例性地，本申请实施例提供的多串电池管理系统还包括至少一个电池组间均衡模块60，该至少一个电池组间均衡模块60的一侧分别与至少两个多串电池组10连接，另一侧分别与控制器30连接，用于在控制器30的控制下分别均衡多个多串电池组10之间的电压。由于电平不兼容，不能直接进行控制，通过设置电池组间均衡模块60，能够实现电平转换，从而实现低侧电压电路控制高侧电压电路的功能。在具体的实施例中，多串电池组10间均衡是由控制器30控制电池组间均衡电路来实现的，具体实施的过程是：在电池充电或静止的时候控制器30控制均衡电路对电压最高的一组电池放电，再依次对更高的一组电池放电，直到每一组电池电压都达到一致。控制器20通过I/0端控制第一晶体管Q1的栅极，通过电阻分压进而控制第二晶体管Q2和第三晶体管Q3的栅极，从而可以以低侧电压控制高侧电压，均衡不同电压的各个多串电池组10的电压，使各个多串电池组10之间的电压达到均衡。以八组多串电池组10为例，在其中一种实现方式中，如图4所示，为一种适用于八组多串电池组的组间均衡电路的一个示例性电路。在该示例性电路中，第一电阻R1一端与控制器20的I/O端连接，另一端分别连接第一晶体管Q1的栅极和第二电阻R2的一端，第二电 阻R2的另一端与第一晶体管Q1的源极连接，并连接至第一组多串电池组的参考地DGND，第一晶体管Q1的漏极与第三电阻R3的一端连接，第三电阻R3的另一端与第二晶体管Q2的栅极连接，第二晶体管Q2的栅极和漏极之间设置第四电阻R4，第二晶体管Q2的漏极与参考电压VCC连接，第二晶体管Q2的源极通过第五电阻R5与第三晶体管Q3的栅极连接，第三晶体管Q3的栅极和源极之间设置有第六电阻R6，第三晶体管Q3地源极与第四组多串电池组B4连接，第三晶体管Q3的漏极、第七电阻R7、第八电阻R8和第八组多串电池组B8连接。
在多串电池组10出现异常状态时，例如过压、欠压、过温或欠温等，为防止异常状态对多串电池组10即系统损坏，需要在主回路中加入主回路开关150，主回路开关150需要响应电池组出现的异常状态，在异常状态出现时断开多串电池组10与负载的连接，以保护多串电池组。为保证主回路开关150能够及时响应多串电池组10的异常状态，在其中一个实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还可以包括：升压驱动模块70，升压驱动电路70的一侧与其中一组多串电池组10连接的电量计量模块20相连接，另一侧与控制器30连接，该组多串电池组10的电量计量模块20在计量结果的触发下输出用于驱动升压驱动模块70开启的升压信号，以使升压驱动模块70控制主回路开关150断开。在具体的实施例中，计量结果发送至电量计量模块20中后，电量计量模块20可以对计量结果进行检测，当检测到计量结果中存在过压、欠压、过温或欠温等异常状态时，该多串电池组10的电量计量模块20输出用于驱动该组升压驱动模块70启动的升压信号，以使升压驱动模块70控制主回路开关150断开。在本实施例中，多个多串电池组 10中只要有一组多串电池10出现异常状态，对应的该组的升压驱动模块70驱动主回路开关150断开。升压驱动模块70的工作原理为：在系统的输出端可以设置主回路开关150，例如可以设置晶体管开关，在高电平信号的驱动下开启，在低电平信号的驱动下断开，以实现控制系统的输出。在一种实现方式中，升压驱动模块70连接电压最低的一组电量计量模块20；在其他实现方式中，升压驱动模块70可以连接其他组的电量计量模块20。在本实施例中，由于电压最高的一组多串电池组10(图2中所示的最上面的一组多串电池组10)的电压驱动能量通常足够驱动主回路开关150，因此电压最高的一组多串电池组10的电量计量模块20可用自带的驱动控制主回路开关150，电压最高的一组电池组的电量计量模块20不必连接至升压驱动模块70，而是直接连接至主回路开150。而低电压的多串电池组10(图2中除去最上面的一组)自身的电压驱动能量不足，因而需要升压驱动模块70升压驱动主回路开关150，通常升压驱动模块70采用升压泵芯片控制，升压泵芯片采用多串电池组10的正极电压供电，接地端连接多串电池组10的负极。应注意的是，由于电压最高的一组多串电池组10的电压驱动能量通常足够驱动主回路开关150，可使用其自带的驱动控制主回路开关150而不必使用升压驱动模块70，因此，在不同实现方式中，本申请中的升压驱动模块70通常连接的是电压最高的一组多串电池组10所对应的电量计量模块20之外的其他任意一组电量计量模块20。利用电量计模块20的升压信号经过翻转处理后直接控制主回路开关150，确保了系统对多串电池组10的异常状态的响应速度。
为减少因大电流对电池的损坏，在大负载的情况下，为避免负载不能 启动，在其中一个实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还可以包括：预充电模块80，分别与多个多串电池组10和控制器30连接，用于在控制器30的输出的用于控制多串电池组10预充电的预充电信号的驱动下开启，以涓流充电方式对多串电池组10进行充电。在对电池开始充电之前，控制器30可以判断当前多串电池组10的电压是否满足预充条件，例如，预充条件可以为当前多串电池组10电压小于预设值电压值，如果满足预充条件，控制器30可以控制预充电模块80中的开关开启，使充电回路经过较大的功率电阻，减小充电的电流，以小电流对电池充电，在多串电池组10的电压达到预设电压值后，控制器30可以控制预充电模块80的开关断开，切换回到主电路对电池进行正常充电。预放电模块90，分别与多个多串电池组10和控制器30连接，用于在控制器30输出的用于控制多串电池组10预放电的预放电信号的驱动下开启，以使多串电池组10以涓流放电方式对负载进行放电。在系统对负载进行放电时，如果检测到负载超出预设负载值，可以控制预放电模块90的开关开启，以使系统以小电流对负载进行放电，在对负载放电预定时间后，控制预放电模块90开关关闭，切换回到主电路对负载进行正常放电。应理解的是，在不同实现方式中，预充电模块80可以只对其中一个多串电池组进行充电，也可以同时对多个多串电池组进行充电；预放电模块90可以只对其中一个多串电池组进行充电，也可以同时对多个多串电池组进行放电。上述实施方式能有效避免充放电过程中大电流对电池的损坏。
在其中一个实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还可以包括：显示模块100，与控制器30连接，用于显示计量结果。在具体的实施例中，显示模块100 可以为LED屏，液晶显示屏等具有显示功能的屏幕，显示内容可以为多串电池组的当前的容量、电压、电流和温度等信息，可以使用户较为清楚地观察电池组的实时状态。
在其中一个实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还可以包括：复位模块110，与控制器30连接，用于对控制器30复位。在控制器30出现错误的控制信号，可以通过复位纠正控制器30的错误的控制信号，保证系统的稳定。复位模块110可以采用复位芯片电路，可以通过长按复位键等方式强制复位控制器30。
在其中一个实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还可以包括：电池自放电模块120，与控制器30连接，在控制器30输出的用于控制多串电池组10自放电的自放电信号的驱动下，在电池处于存储状态时开启，以控制多串电池组10以小电流放电方式放电。在电池需要存储收藏时，可以通过控制电池自放电模块120的开关打开，使电池以小电流进行放电，以使电池电压处于合理的电压范围内，以增加电池存储的安全性。
在其中一个实施例中，多串电池组管理系统还可以包括：防反接模块130，与主回路开关150并联，用于在反相充电时，控制主回路开关关闭。在具体的实施例中，主回路开关150可以为场效应晶体管，具体的，可以在主回路开关150的栅极和源极之间设置防反接的场效应管，当有反相的充电电流时，防反接开关场效应管打开，使得主回路开关150栅极的电位拉低到与其源极相同，进而关闭主回路开关150。防反接模块130需注意主回路开关150的栅极耐压。要计算出适合主回路开关150关闭和打开的分压电阻值，同时又要保证正常工作时不损坏主回路开关150。
根据图1-4对多串电池组管理系统的原理进行说明，在该系统中以四串电池为一组为例，每组用一个电量计量芯片例如型号为BQ40Z50的电量计量芯片，通过对多串电池组的各种状态进行深度学习，可以根据学习的结果对采集电压、电流和温度等数据进行分析和补偿，得到与当前电池状态对应的补偿后的补偿参数，可以对电池组实行精确的计量，各个组的电量计量芯片在将采集的对应的电池组补偿参数发送至控制器30，控制器30统计每组电池的电压、电流和温度等信息，筛选各个多串电池组10的电压的总和、最后一组多串电池组10的电流和各组多串电池组10中温度最高的电池组的温度作为的整个电池包的数据信息。控制器30再将整个电池包的数据信息反馈至电量计量模块20，电量计量模块20根据整个电池包的数据信息对多串电池组10进行快速有效地保护，以确保整个系统各项保护性能的稳定与安全。每组电池的电量计量芯片可以均衡各组内的电池电压，控制器30通过控制电池组间均衡模块60对各组电池之间的电压进行均衡，以确保多串电池组10的各个电池的电压保持一致。多串电池组10中每组电池的计量芯片与控制器30通信可以通过例如内部整合电路(Inter-Integrated Circuit，I2C总线)通信。
通过电量计量模块对多串电池组状态进行深度学习，根据深度学习的结果对多串电池组的参数信息补偿，得到补偿参数，可以得到较为精确的多串电池组的参数，控制器对多组多串电池组的补偿参数进行统计，筛选得到能够表征当前电量信息的补偿参数作为计量结果，可以较为精确的得到当前电量信息以及当前电池使用状况，从而可以对电池管理系统的电池电量更为精确的计量。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；在本申请的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本申请的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明，它们没有在细节中提供；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，包括：
    多个多串电池组(10)；
    多个电量计量模块(20)，分别与所述多个多串电池组(10)连接；以及
    控制器(30)，分别与所述多个电量计量模块(20)连接，用于对所述多个多串电池组(10)进行管理。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，所述多个电量计量模块(20)获取所述多个多串电池组(10)的参数信息，根据所述参数信息得到补偿参数，所述控制器(30)根据所述补偿参数对所述多个多串电池组(10)进行管理。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，所述参数信息包括如下至少一种：主回路电流信息、所述多个多串电池组(10)的电压信息、所述多个多串电池组(10)的温度信息、电量百分比信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，所述电量计量模块(20)还包括如下至少一个：
    主回路电流采集单元(23)，与主回路连接，用于采集所述主回路电流信息；
    电池组电压采集单元(22)，与所述电量计量模块(20)连接的多串电 池组(10)连接，用于采集所述多串电池组(10)的电压信息；
    温度采集单元(24)，与所述电量计量模块(20)连接的多串电池组(10)连接，用于采集所述多串电池组(10)的温度信息。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，所述电量计量模块(20)还包括阻抗跟踪单元(21)，用于对所述电量计量模块(20)所连接的多串电池组(10)的阻抗进行跟踪，根据所述多串电池组(10)的阻抗获取所述多串电池组(10)的老化信息。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，所述电量计量模块(20)与所述控制器(30)之间设置有通信隔离模块(40)，
    所述控制器(30)通过所述通信隔离模块(40)获取多个电量计量模块(20)获取的所述补偿参数；
    所述多个电量计量模块(20)通过所述通信隔离模块(40)获取所述控制器(30)通过统计所述补偿参数得到的计量结果。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，还包括电池组间均衡模块(60)，所述电池组间均衡模块(60)的一侧与至少两个所述多串电池组(10)连接，另一侧与所述控制器(30)连接，用于在所述控制器(30)的控制下均衡所述多个多串电池组(10)之间的电压。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的多串电池管理系统，其特征在于，还包括多个电池组内均衡模块(50)，所述多个电池组内均衡模块(50)的一侧分别与一个所述多串电池组(10)连接，另一侧分别与该多串电池组(10)所连接的电量计量模块(20)连接，用于在所述电量计量模块(20)的控制下均衡所述多个多串电池组(10)内的电池的电压。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，还包括：升压驱动模块(70)，所述升压驱动模块(70)的一侧与其中一组电量计量模块(20)相连接，另一侧与所述控制器(30)连接，该组多串电池组(10)的电量计量模块(20)在所述计量结果的触发下输出用于驱动所述升压驱动模块(70)开启的升压信号，以使所述升压驱动模块(70)控制主回路开关(150)断开。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    防反接模块(130)，所述防反接模块(130)与所述主回路开关(150)并联，用于在反相充电时，控制所述主回路开关(150)关闭。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    预充电模块(80)，分别与所述多个多串电池组(10)和所述控制器(30) 连接，用于在所述控制器(30)的控制下开启，以涓流充电方式对所述多个多串电池组(10)进行充电；
    预放电模块(90)，分别与所述多个多串电池组(10)和所述控制器(30)连接，用于在所述控制器(30)的控制下开启，以涓流放电方式使所述多个多串电池组(10)进行放电。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，还包括电池自放电模块(120)，与所述控制器(30)连接，在所述控制器(30)的控制下，在电池处于存储状态时开启，以控制所述多串电池组(10)以小电流放电方式放电。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，还包括设置在主回路上的主回路检测电阻(160)，所述主回路检测电阻(160)对所述主回路的电流进行采集，通过所述主回路检测电阻(160)的电阻值和电压值，计算得到所述主回路的电流值，用于对所述主回路的电流进行监测和管理。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的多串电池组管理系统，其特征在于，还包括复位模块(10)，与所述控制器(30)连接，用于对所述控制器(30)进行复位。
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