WO2018205403A1 - 光子发射检测装置及具有其的硼中子捕获治疗系统 - Google Patents

光子发射检测装置及具有其的硼中子捕获治疗系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018205403A1
WO2018205403A1 PCT/CN2017/092733 CN2017092733W WO2018205403A1 WO 2018205403 A1 WO2018205403 A1 WO 2018205403A1 CN 2017092733 W CN2017092733 W CN 2017092733W WO 2018205403 A1 WO2018205403 A1 WO 2018205403A1
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Prior art keywords
detecting
detecting portion
photon emission
treatment
neutron
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PCT/CN2017/092733
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English (en)
French (fr)
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萧明城
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Neuboron Medtech Ltd
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Neuboron Medtech Ltd
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Priority claimed from CN201710332087.6A external-priority patent/CN108853751B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720523721.XU external-priority patent/CN208114943U/zh
Application filed by Neuboron Medtech Ltd filed Critical Neuboron Medtech Ltd
Priority to JP2020500940A priority Critical patent/JP6938757B2/ja
Priority to EP17909188.9A priority patent/EP3583981B1/en
Publication of WO2018205403A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018205403A1/zh
Priority to US16/553,380 priority patent/US11400314B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1064—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for adjusting radiation treatment in response to monitoring
    • A61N5/1065—Beam adjustment
    • A61N5/1067—Beam adjustment in real time, i.e. during treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4208—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
    • A61B6/4258—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector for detecting non x-ray radiation, e.g. gamma radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1001—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy using radiation sources introduced into or applied onto the body; brachytherapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1071—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the dose delivered by the treatment plan
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
    • A61N5/1081—Rotating beam systems with a specific mechanical construction, e.g. gantries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H3/00—Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
    • H05H3/06—Generating neutron beams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
    • A61N2005/1052—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam using positron emission tomography [PET] single photon emission computer tomography [SPECT] imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
    • A61N2005/109—Neutrons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1098—Enhancing the effect of the particle by an injected agent or implanted device

Definitions

  • drugs that can accumulate in the myocardium are used for photon emission imaging of the heart.
  • These organs which absorb drugs labeled with a certain amount of radioactive material, will appear bright in the image, and if the organ has abnormal absorption, it will cause the organ to be abnormally bright or dark.
  • photon emission detection devices belong to the rotary gamma camera type, that is, by using a high-quality gamma camera probe fixed on a precision circular slide rail, it is driven by a computer to rotate around the object to be measured and collect information, and then by a computer.
  • Data processing reconstructing the spatial image of the object, and displaying the image of the object according to the body axis transverse, sagittal, coronal or arbitrary cross-section.
  • BNCT boron neutron capture therapy
  • a boron (10 B) drug therapy and neutron capture neutron beam generating apparatus of boron 10 B
  • the drug is irradiated to generate gamma rays, and the generated gamma rays are detected by the photon emission detecting device, because in the neutron ray environment, there are few moving parts, and rapid detection is required, and the probe of the prior art is required. Rotation requires a lot of moving parts to rotate the probe, and the detection speed is slow.
  • the market often uses a full-loop photon emission detection device to reduce the moving parts by rotating the entire detection device to avoid rotating all the probes.
  • the full-loop photon emission detection device is susceptible to the positioning of the fixed body positioning device, and the detection radius is fixed, and cannot be adjusted according to the actual condition of the patient, and a more accurate positioning cannot be obtained. This leads to the inability to obtain more accurate information.
  • An aspect of the present invention provides a photon emission detecting device including a detecting portion and a treatment bed, the detecting portion including a first detecting portion and a second detecting portion on both sides of the treatment bed, The first detecting portion and the second detecting portion can be moved away from or close to each other such that the detecting portion forms a ring shape in which the radius can be increased or decreased, and the ring surrounds the treatment bed.
  • the size of the annular radius surrounding the periphery of the treatment bed can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the object to be detected (such as different positions and sizes) to improve the detection accuracy of the photon emission detecting device.
  • a detecting device capable of rotating relative to the treatment bed is mounted in the first detecting portion and the second detecting portion, and the detecting portion detects the instantaneous gamma ray generated by the boron neutron capture reaction by the detecting device.
  • the maximum rotation angle of the detecting means in the first detecting portion and/or the second detecting portion with respect to the treatment bed is preferably set to 180 degrees, and may be set to other angles, such as 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 135 degrees.
  • the maximum rotation angle can be set to exceed 180 degrees.
  • the photon emission of gamma ray detecting means connected to the detection unit detects a signal acquisition unit, and calculating using the collected signal boron (10 B) the concentration calculating means, and means connected to the neutron capture therapy and the calculated boron (10 B) the concentration of real-time feedback to the feedback unit neutron capture therapy apparatus, the neutron capture therapy device is connected with a signal which can be generated according to the feedback unit for neutron capture therapy feedback means A correction unit that corrects the time at which the neutron beam illuminates the tumor.
  • the photon emission detecting device further includes a first support frame and a second support frame on both sides of the treatment bed, the first support frame including a first base capable of moving on the ground a first telescopic arm connected to the first base and extending up and down in a vertical direction, and a first extension arm located at one end of the first telescopic arm and connected to the first detecting portion, the first detecting portion Provided on the first extension arm, the second support frame includes a second base movable on the ground, a second telescopic arm connected to the second base and capable of up-and-down telescopic in a vertical direction, and located at the One end of the telescopic arm is connected to the second extension arm of the detecting portion, the second detecting portion is disposed on the second extending arm, and the first supporting frame and the second supporting frame follow the first base The movement of the second base is away from or near the treatment couch.
  • the first base and the second base are close to each other until the first detecting portion and the second detecting portion are in contact with each other,
  • the first detecting portion and the second detecting portion form a ring shape that surrounds the outermost circumference of the treatment bed.
  • the first detecting portion and the second detecting portion are formed to surround the The radius of the periphery of the treatment bed is reduced.
  • first detecting portion and the second detecting portion are respectively rotatable relative to the treatment bed such that the distance of the detecting device in the first detecting portion relative to the treatment bed and the detecting device in the second detecting portion are relative to the treatment
  • the distances of the beds are identical to improve the accuracy and precision of the photon emission detecting device in practical applications.
  • a rotating member is disposed between the first telescopic arm and the first extending arm, and a rotating member is disposed between the second telescopic arm and the second extending arm, and the first extending arm is rotatable around the rotating member to make the first
  • the detecting portion rotates relative to the treatment bed
  • the second extension arm is rotatable about the rotating member to rotate the second detecting portion relative to the treatment bed.
  • the boron neutron capture treatment system comprising a neutron capture treatment device, a photon emission detection device, and a treatment bed
  • the neutron capture treatment device comprising An illuminator for generating a charged particle beam, a neutron generating portion for generating a neutron beam after being irradiated by a charged particle beam, a beam shaping body for shaping a neutron beam, and a collimator
  • the beam shaping body includes a beam shaping body a velocity body and a reflector coated on the retarded outer circumference, the retarder decelerating the neutron generated from the neutron generating portion to a preset energy spectrum, the reflector guiding the deviated neutron back to improve the pre- neutron spectrum intensity provided, the collimator neutrons generated by the neutron generator unit concentration, the boron neutron irradiation (10 B) after drug produced gamma rays, the photon emission detecting means comprising an outer periphery surrounding the couch neutron i
  • the first detecting portion and the second detecting portion are respectively mounted with detecting means capable of rotating 180 degrees with respect to the treatment bed, and the detecting portion passes the detecting
  • the device implements detection of transient gamma rays produced by a boron neutron capture reaction.
  • the maximum rotation angle of the detecting means in the first detecting portion and/or the second detecting portion with respect to the treatment bed is preferably set to 180 degrees, and may be set to other angles, such as 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 135 degrees.
  • the maximum rotation angle can be set to exceed 180 degrees.
  • the boron neutron capture treatment system may further include a track disposed on the ground and located on both sides of the treatment bed, the first and second The bases are respectively mounted on the track and move on the track, and the movement of the first and second bases drives the first and second detecting portions to be close to or away from each other, thereby causing the first detecting portion and The radius of the second detecting portion surrounding the periphery of the treatment bed is increased or decreased.
  • the treatment bed may also be provided with a structure that is movable back and forth in a ring formed by the first detecting portion and the second detecting portion to change the detecting device and the treatment bed or the neutron capture treatment device and the treatment bed. relative position.
  • the photon emission detecting device used in the boron neutron capture treatment system of the present application can change the annular radius of the detecting portion around the object to be irradiated according to the actual situation in the boron neutron capture treatment, thereby improving the photon.
  • the detection accuracy of the emission detecting device can change the annular radius of the detecting portion around the object to be irradiated according to the actual situation in the boron neutron capture treatment, thereby improving the photon.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a boron neutron capture reaction
  • Figure 2 is a 10 B(n, ⁇ ) 7 Li neutron capture nuclear reaction equation
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state in which the detecting portion of the photon emission detecting device in the embodiment of the present application surrounds the outer circumference of the treatment bed;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another angle of the detecting portion of the photon emission detecting device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state in which the detecting portion of the photon emission detecting device in the embodiment of the present application has a radius around the periphery of the treatment bed;
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a photon emission detecting device and a neutron capture therapeutic device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • BNCT Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
  • the boron neutron capture treatment system includes a neutron capture treatment device 100, a photon emission detection device 200, and a treatment bed 300.
  • the neutron capture treatment device 100 includes an accelerator 101 for generating a charged particle beam, a neutron generating portion 102 that generates a neutron beam N after being irradiated by the charged particle beam P, and a beam that shapes the neutron beam N.
  • the beam shaping body 103 includes a retarding body 105 and a reflector 106 coated on the outer periphery of the retarding body 104.
  • the retarding body 105 decelerates the neutron generated from the neutron generating unit 102 to a preset energy spectrum.
  • the reflector 106 directs the offset neutrons to increase the neutron intensity within the preset energy spectrum, and the collimator 104 concentrates the neutrons generated by the neutron generating portion 102.
  • the first detecting unit 202 and the second detecting unit 203 are each mounted with a detecting device 204 that can be distributed in the first detecting unit 202 and the second detecting unit 203 to rotate 180 degrees with respect to the treatment bed, and the detecting unit 201 passes Detection device 204 implements detection of the gamma ray.
  • the distance between the first detecting portion 202 and the second detecting portion 203 or the proximity of the second detecting portion 203 is achieved by the following manner.
  • first support frame 211 and the second support frame 221 have the same structure.
  • first telescopic arm 213 and the second telescopic arm 223 may be disposed in a non-retractable structure, and the first extension arm 214 and the second extension arm 224 may be disposed to be respectively movable relative to the first telescopic
  • the rotating structure of the first extending arm 214 and the second extending arm 224 and the telescopic structure of the first telescopic arm 213 and the second telescopic arm 223 can be simultaneously adopted to increase the degree of freedom of the detecting portion 201.
  • a rotating member 30 is further disposed between the first telescopic arm 213 and the first extending arm 214 in the present application. That is, the first extension arm 214 is rotatable relative to the first telescopic arm 213 about the rotating member 30; the second telescopic arm 223 and the second extension arm 224 are also provided with a rotating member 30, and the second extension arm 224 can be rotated.
  • the member 30 is rotated relative to the second telescopic arm 223.
  • the distance between the detecting unit 201 and the second detecting unit 202 with respect to the tumor position that is, the distance between the first detecting unit 201 and the tumor position can be adjusted to be the same as the distance of the second detecting unit 202 with respect to the tumor position, thereby improving the entire The detection accuracy of the detection device 204.
  • the tumor location of different patients is likely to be different. For example, some patients have tumors in the head, some patients have tumors in the chest, and if the patient in the treatment bed needs to be tested, the tumor site is the head. , then, The radius of the circumference of the first detecting portion 202 and the second detecting portion 203 surrounding the periphery of the treatment bed 300 is preferably small, and if the tumor portion to be detected is the chest, then the first is changed according to actual measurement requirements.
  • the detection portion and the second detection portion surround a radius of the circumference of the circumference of the treatment bed.
  • the detecting unit surrounds the outer circumference of the treatment bed, the smaller the annular radius, the detecting device 204 installed in the detecting portion 201 can be closer to the patient, and the detecting distance of the detecting device 204 relative to the patient's tumor portion is reduced, and the detected related information is Further, the detection accuracy of the entire photon emission detecting device 200 is higher.
  • the telescopic length of the first telescopic arm 213 or the second telescopic arm 223 is changed, so that the telescopic lengths of the first telescopic arm 213 and the second telescopic arm 223 are inconsistent, and Moving the first pedestal 212 and the second pedestal 222 to bring the first pedestal 212 and the second pedestal 222 closer to each other, and the radius of the first detecting portion 202 and the second detecting portion 203 surrounding the periphery of the patient's tumor is reduced (probing The distance from the device 204 to the tumor position is reduced; when the annular radius surrounding the outer circumference of the treatment bed 300 needs to be increased, the telescopic distance of the first telescopic arm 213 and the second telescopic arm 223 is kept uniform, and the first base 212 is moved and The second pedestal 222 moves the first pedestal 212 and the second pedestal 222 away from each other, and the radius of the first detecting portion
  • the first base 211 and the second base 221 are moved to when the first detecting portion 202 and the second detecting portion 203 are in contact with each other.
  • the first detecting portion 202 and the second detecting portion 203 form a ring shape surrounding a maximum radius of the outer circumference of the treatment bed 300.
  • the movement of the first pedestal 212 and the second pedestal 222 can be achieved by providing a track 230 on the ground.
  • the rails 230 located on both sides of the treatment bed 300 may be disposed on the ground, and the first and second bases 212, 222 are respectively mounted on the rail 230 and moved on the rail 230, the 1.
  • the movement of the second pedestals 212, 222 drives the first and second detecting portions 202, 203 closer to or away from each other, so that the first detecting portion 202 and the second detecting portion 203 surround the periphery of the treatment bed 300.
  • the radius increases or decreases.
  • the treatment bed 300 can move back and forth in the ring formed by the first detecting portion 202 and the second detecting portion 203 to change the relative position of the detecting device 204 and the treatment bed 300 (ie, change detection). The relative position of device 204 to the tumor). Because the treatment bed 300 can move back and forth, it is only necessary to arrange the rails 230 to be located on both sides of the treatment bed 300 and capable of extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the treatment bed 300, the first and second bases. 211, 221 are mounted on the track 230 and move along the track 230 to move away from or near the treatment couch 300.
  • the treatment bed 300 can also be moved according to the actual situation of the patient's tumor position, thereby making the patient's tumor
  • the portion is located between the detecting portions 201, so that the entire photon emission detecting device 200 cooperates with the treatment bed 300 to enable omnidirectional detection of the patient's tumor.
  • the first pedestal 211 and the second pedestal 221 are moved such that the entire photon emission detecting device 200 is divided into two parts and away from the treatment bed 300.
  • the photon emission detecting device 200 is further connected with a signal collecting unit 240 that collects gamma rays detected by the detecting portion 201, a calculating unit 250 that calculates a boron concentration using the collected signals, and a neutron capture.
  • the treatment device 100 and the calculated boron concentration is fed back to the feedback unit 260 of the neutron capture therapy device 100 in real time, the neutron capture therapy device 100 being coupled to a signal neutron capture therapy device 100 that can be fed back according to the feedback unit 260.
  • a correction unit 270 that corrects the tumor irradiation time by the generated neutron beam.
  • the photon emission detection device is now described in the working process of the entire boron neutron capture treatment system.
  • the photon emission detecting device 200 sequentially adjusts the position of the treatment bed 300 relative to the detecting portion 201 according to the location of the patient's tumor (the tumor portion is located at the corresponding position of the detecting device 204 in the detecting portion 201 by the movement of the treatment bed 300) and the detecting portion 201
  • the first detecting portion 202 and the second detecting portion 203 surround the annular radius of the outer circumference of the treatment bed 300;
  • the neutron capture therapy device 100 generates a beam of neutrons N, N of the neutron beam to the patient aggregation boron (10 B) irradiating the tumor site of drug, N boron neutron beam (10 B) Producing gamma rays;
  • the first detecting portion 202 and the second detecting portion 203 detect the neutron beam N and boron ( 10 B) to generate gamma rays through the detecting device 204;
  • the signal acquisition unit 240 to detect gamma rays collected, using calculating unit 250 calculates the gamma rays collected by boron (10 B) concentration;
  • the photon emission detecting device 200 can be moved into two parts away from the neutron capture treatment device 100 to reduce the mutual neutron capture treatment device 100 and the photon emission detecting device 200. Radiation effects.
  • the photon emission detecting device for the boron neutron capture treatment system disclosed in the present application is not limited to the contents described in the above embodiments and the structures represented by the drawings. And if necessary, the improvement in the present application can also be performed on other tomographic imaging devices (such as Computed Tomography: CT, computed tomography). Obvious modifications, substitutions, or alterations of the materials, shapes, and positions of the components in the present application are within the scope of the present disclosure.

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Abstract

一种硼中子捕获治疗系统，包括中子捕获治疗装置（100）、光子发射检测装置（200）以及治疗床（300），中子照射含硼( 10B)药物后产生伽马射线，光子发射检测装置（200）包括环绕治疗床（300）外周并对中子照射含硼( 10B)药物后产生的伽马射线进行检测的检测部（201），检测部（201）包括第一检测部（202）和第二检测部（203），第一检测部（202）和第二检测部（203）能够彼此远离或者靠近从而使检测部（201）形成半径能够增加或者减小的环形，环形环绕于治疗床（300）。用于硼中子捕获治疗系统的光子发射检测装置（200）能够根据硼中子捕获治疗中的实际情况改变检测部（201）环绕在被照射物的环形半径，从而提高光子发射检测装置（200）的检测精度。

Description

光子发射检测装置及具有其的硼中子捕获治疗系统 技术领域
本发明一方面涉及一种医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种光子发射检测装置；本发明的另一方面涉及一种硼中子捕获治疗系统，尤其涉及一种具有光子发射检测装置的硼中子捕获治疗系统。
背景技术
光子发射计算机断层显像是目前核医学先进的设备和显像方式。光子发射计算机断层显像包括单光子发射计算机断层显像(Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography，简称SPECT，单光子发射)和正电子发射计算机断层显像(Positron Emission Tomography，简称PET，正电子发射)将放射性物质(如99mTc，123I等)标记在放射性药物(该药物可能是一种蛋白质或者有机物分子)上，标记药物一般会选择性被人体不同部位吸收，光子发射利用随药物注入人体内的单光子放射性核素(如99mTc，123I等)发出的γ射线在计算机辅助下重建影像，构成相应部位断层影像。比如，能聚集在心肌的药物就用于心脏的光子发射成像。这些能吸收标有一定量放射性物质的药物的器官会在图像中呈现亮块，如果器官有异常的吸收情况会导致器官异常的偏亮或者偏暗。
而目前几乎所有的光子发射检测装置都属于旋转γ照相机型，即利用固定于精密环形滑轨上的高品质γ照相机探头，通过计算机驱动使其围绕被测物体旋转并采集信息，再由计算机进行数据处理，重建出被检物的空间图象，并按躯体轴横断、矢状断、冠状断或任意断面方向显示出该物体的断层象。若考虑在BNCT(硼中子捕获治疗)房间内放一套光子发射检测装置，通过使患者服用含硼(10B)药物，并使中子捕获治疗装置产生的中子射束对含硼(10B)药物进行照射，产生γ射线，再利用光子发射检测装置对产生的γ射线进行检测，因为在中子射线环境，活动部件必须要少，而且要求快速探测，而现有技术中探头的旋转要求很多活动配件来转动探头，而且探测速度慢，为了克服这个问题，市场上往往通过采用全环式光子发射检测装置，通过旋转整个检测装置来避免旋转所有探头来减少活动配件，但是这种全环式光子发射检测装置存在几个问题，比如，全环式光子发射检测装置易受到固定体定位装置的影响，探测半径固定，不能根据患者的实际状况进行调整，无法获得更加准确的定位，导致无法获取更加精确的信息。
因此有必要对现有技术中的光子发射检测装置进行改进。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面提供一种光子发射检测装置，所述光子发射检测装置包括检测部以及治疗床，所述检测部包括位于所述治疗床两侧的第一检测部和第二检测部，所述第一检测部和第二检测部能够彼此远离或者靠近从而使检测部形成半径能够增加或者减小的环形，所述环形环绕于所述治疗床。能够根据需要被检测物的实际情况(比如不同位置及尺寸)调整环绕在治疗床外周的环形半径的大小，以提高光子发射检测装置的检测精度。
进一步地，所述第一检测部和第二检测部内均安装有能够相对于治疗床旋转的探测装置，所述检测部通过探测装置检测由硼中子捕获反应产生的瞬发伽马射线。所述第一检测部和/或第二检测部内的探测装置相对于治疗床的最大旋转角度优选地设置为180度，也可以设置成其他角度，如45度、90度、135度。当然，根据所述第一检测部和/或第二检测部既能相对于治疗床移动又能相对于治疗床旋转的多种自由度。因此，某些情况下，该最大旋转角度可以设置为超过180度。
进一步地，所述光子发射检测装置连接有对检测部检测到的伽马射线进行采集的信号采集单元、利用采集到的信号计算硼(10B)浓度的计算单元以及连接于中子捕获治疗装置并将计算出的硼(10B)浓度实时反馈至中子捕获治疗装置的反馈单元，所述中子捕获治疗装置则连接有能够根据所述反馈单元反馈的信号对中子捕获治疗装置产生的中子射束照射肿瘤的时间进行修正的修正单元。
进一步地，作为一种优选地实施方式，所述光子发射检测装置还包括位于治疗床两侧的第一支撑架和第二支撑架，所述第一支撑架包括能够在地面移动的第一基座、连接于第一基座并且沿竖直方向上下伸缩的第一伸缩臂以及位于所述第一伸缩臂的一端并且连接于所述第一检测部的第一延伸臂，所第一检测部设于所述第一延伸臂，所述第二支撑架包括能够在地面移动的第二基座、连接于第二基座并且能够沿竖直方向上下伸缩的第二伸缩臂以及位于所述第二伸缩臂的一端并且连接于所述检测部的第二延伸臂，所述第二检测部设于所述第二延伸臂，所述第一支撑架和第二支撑架随着第一基座和第二基座的运动远离或者靠近治疗床。
进一步地，当所述第一伸缩臂与第二伸缩臂的伸缩距离相同，所述第一基座和第二基座相互靠近至所述第一检测部和第二检测部相互接触时，所述第一检测部和第二检测部形成环绕所述治疗床外周最大半径的环形。
进一步地，当所述第一伸缩臂和第二伸缩臂的伸缩距离不同，所述第一基座和第二基座相互靠近时，所述第一检测部和第二检测部形成环绕于所述治疗床外周的半径减小。
进一步地，所述第一检测部和第二检测部分别能够相对于治疗床转动，以使第一检测部中的探测装置相对于治疗床的距离与第二检测部中的探测装置相对于治疗床的距离一致，以提高所述光子发射检测装置在实际应用中的准确性和精度。
进一步地，所述第一伸缩臂和第一延伸臂之间设有转动件，第二伸缩臂和第二延伸臂之间设有转动件，第一延伸臂能够绕转动件转动而使第一检测部相对治疗床转动，第二延伸臂能够绕转动件转动而使第二检测部相对于治疗床转动。
本发明的另一个方面提供所述一种硼中子捕获治疗系统，所述硼中子捕获治疗系统包括 中子捕获治疗装置、光子发射检测装置以及治疗床，所述中子捕获治疗装置包括用于产生带电粒子束的加速器、经带电粒子束照射后产生中子射束的中子产生部、对中子射束进行整形的射束整形体及准直器，所述射束整形体包括缓速体及包覆于缓速体外周的反射体，所述缓速体将自中子产生部产生的中子减速至预设能谱，所述反射体将偏离的中子导回以提高预设能谱内的中子强度，所述准直器将中子产生部产生的中子进行集中，所述中子照射含硼(10B)药物后产生伽马射线，所述光子发射检测装置包括环绕所述治疗床外周并对中子照射含硼(10B)药物后产生的伽马射线进行检测的检测部，所述检测部包括第一检测部和第二检测部，所述第一检测部和第二检测部能够彼此远离或者靠近从而使检测部形成半径能够增加或者减小的环形，所述环形环绕于所述治疗床。能够有效地提高光子发射检测装置在硼中子捕获治疗系统中使用的灵活性。
进一步地，为了实现检测部对治疗床上的被照射体的全面检测，所述第一检测部和第二检测部内均安装有能够相对于治疗床180度旋转的探测装置，所述检测部通过探测装置实现对由硼中子捕获反应产生的瞬发伽马射线的检测。所述第一检测部和/或第二检测部内的探测装置相对于治疗床的最大旋转角度优选地设置为180度，也可以设置成其他角度，如45度、90度、135度。当然，根据所述第一检测部和/或第二检测部既能相对于治疗床移动又能相对于治疗床旋转的多种自由度。因此，某些情况下，该最大旋转角度可以设置为超过180度。
进一步地，所述第一检测部和第二检测部分别能够相对于治疗床转动，以使第一检测部中的探测装置相对于治疗床的距离与第二检测部中的探测装置相对于治疗床的距离一致，以提高所述光子发射检测装置在实际应用中的准确性和精度。
为了提高光子发射检测装置在整个硼中子捕获治疗系统中使用的灵活性，所述硼中子捕获治疗系统还可以包括设于地面且位于治疗床两侧的轨道，所述第一、第二基座分别安装于所述轨道并在所述轨道上的运动，所述第一、第二基座的运动带动所述第一、第二检测部相互靠近或者远离，从而使第一检测部和第二检测部环绕于所述治疗床外周的半径增大或者减小。当然，还可以将所述治疗床设置能够在所述第一检测部和第二检测部形成的环形中前后移动的结构以改变所述探测装置与治疗床或者中子捕获治疗装置与治疗床的相对位置。
与现有技术相比，本申请用于硼中子捕获治疗系统的光子发射检测装置能够根据硼中子捕获治疗中的实际情况改变检测部环绕在被照射物的环形半径，从而提高所述光子发射检测装置的检测精度。
附图说明
图1是硼中子捕获反应的示意图；
图2是10B(n,α)7Li中子捕获核反应方程式；
图3是本申请实施例中的中子捕获治疗装置的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例中的光子发射检测装置的检测部环绕于治疗床外周最大半径时的状态示意图；
图5是本申请实施例中的光子发射检测装置的检测部另一角度的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例中的光子发射检测装置的检测部环绕于治疗床外周半径减小后的状态示意图；
图7是本申请实施例中的光子发射检测装置与中子捕获治疗装置的模块示意图。
具体实施方式
中子捕获治疗作为一种有效的治疗癌症的手段近年来的应用逐渐增加，其中以硼中子捕获治疗最为常见，供应硼中子捕获治疗的中子可以由核反应堆或加速器供应。硼中子捕获治疗(Boron Neutron Capture Therapy,BNCT)是利用含硼(10B)药物对热中子具有高捕获截面的特性，借由10B(n,α)7Li中子捕获及核分裂反应产生4He和7Li两个重荷电粒子，同时，中子与含硼(10B)药物发生反应后产生的伽马射线。参照图1和图2，其分别示出了硼中子捕获反应的示意图和10B(n,α)7Li中子捕获核反应方程式，两荷电粒子的平均能量约为2.33MeV，具有高线性转移(Linear Energy Transfer,LET)、短射程特征，α粒子的线性能量转移与射程分别为150keV/μm、8μm，而7Li重荷粒子则为175keV/μm、5μm，两粒子的总射程约相当于一个细胞大小，因此对于生物体造成的辐射伤害能局限在细胞层级，当含硼药物选择性地聚集在肿瘤细胞中，搭配适当的中子射源，便能在不对正常组织造成太大伤害的前提下，达到局部杀死肿瘤细胞的目的。
本申请公开了一种应用于硼中子捕获治疗系统中的光子发射检测装置，所述光子发射检测装置用于检测中子捕获治疗装置产生的中子射束与含硼(10B)药物发生反应后产生的伽马射线，从而通过伽马射线计算出硼(10B)的浓度。
以下结合附图，具体介绍应用于硼中子捕获治疗系统中的光子发射检测装置。
如图3所示，所述硼中子捕获治疗系统包括中子捕获治疗装置100、光子发射检测装置200以及治疗床300。所述中子捕获治疗装置100包括用于产生带电粒子束的加速器101、经带电粒子束P照射后产生中子射束N的中子产生部102、对中子射束N进行整形的射束整形体103及准直器104。所述射束整形体103包括缓速体105及包覆于缓速体104外周的反射体106，所述缓速体105将自中子产生部102产生的中子减速至预设能谱，所述反射体106将偏离的中子导回以提高预设能谱内的中子强度，所述准直器104将中子产生部102产生的中子进行集中。
患者服用或注射含硼(10B)药物后，含硼(10B)的药物选择性地聚集在肿瘤细胞中，所述中子照射至含硼(10B)药物后产生伽马射线，所述光子发射检测装置对该伽马射线进行检测。
如图4至图6所示，所述光子发射检测装置200包括环绕所述治疗床外周的检测部201， 所述检测部201包括第一检测部202和第二检测部203，所述第一检测部202和第二检测部203能够彼此远离或者靠近从而使检测部在治疗床300外周形成的环形半径能够增加或者减小。所述第一检测部202、第二检测部203内均安装有能够分布在第一检测部202和第二检测部203内相对于治疗床180度旋转的探测装置204，所述检测部201通过探测装置204实现对所述伽马射线的检测。
作为一种优选的实施方式，本申请中，所述第一检测部202和第二检测部203彼此之间的远离或者靠近是通过以下方式实现。
所述光子发射检测装置200还包括位于治疗床300两侧的第一支撑架211和第二支撑架221。所述第一支撑架211包括能够在地面移动的第一基座212、连接于第一基座212的第一伸缩臂213以及位于所述第一伸缩臂213的一端并且连接于所述第一检测部202的第一延伸臂214。所述第一伸缩臂213能够沿竖直方向上下伸缩，所第一检测部202设于所述第一延伸臂214，所述第一检测部202及所述第一延伸臂214随着第一伸缩臂213的上下伸缩运动而上下移动。所述第二支撑架221包括能够在地面移动的第二基座222、连接于第二基座222的第二伸缩臂223以及位于所述第二伸缩臂223的一端并且连接于所述第二检测部203的第二延伸臂224，所述第二伸缩臂223能够沿竖直方向上下伸缩，所述第二检测部203设于所述第二延伸臂224，所述第二检测部203及第二延伸臂224随第二伸缩臂223的上下伸缩运动而上下移动。所述第一支撑架211和第二支撑架221随着第一基座212和第二基座222的运动远离或者靠近治疗床300。为了便于制造，作为一种优选的实施方式，所述第一支撑架211和第二支撑架221的结构相同。另外，可以将所述第一伸缩臂213和第二伸缩臂223设置为不可伸缩的结构，而将所述第一延伸臂214和第二延伸臂224设置为能够分别相对于所述第一伸缩臂213和第二伸缩臂223转动的结构，通过转动第一、第二延伸臂213、223，改变检测部201环绕在所述治疗床300外周的半径。当然，所述第一延伸臂214和第二延伸臂224的转动结构以及所述第一伸缩臂213和第二伸缩臂223的伸缩结构可以同时采用，以增加所述检测部201的自由度。
作为一种优选地实施方式，本申请中所述第一伸缩臂213和第一延伸臂214之间还设有转动件30。也就是说，第一延伸臂214能够绕转动件30相对第一伸缩臂213转动；第二伸缩臂223和第二延伸臂224之间同样设有转动件30，第二延伸臂224能够绕转动件30相对于第二伸缩臂223转动。这样做的好处是，可以通过转动第一、第二延伸臂213、223，改变检测部201环绕在所述治疗床300外周的半径，同时能够进一步提高整个探测装置204的自由度，调整第一检测部201和第二检测部202相对于肿瘤位置的距离，即，能够有利于调整第一检测部201相对于肿瘤位置的距离与第二检测部202相对于肿瘤位置的距离一致，从而提高整个探测装置204的探测精度。
在实际检测工作过程中，不同病人的肿瘤位置很可能会不同，比如，有的患者的肿瘤在头部，有的患者的肿瘤在胸部，如果治疗床上的患者需要进行检测的肿瘤部位是头部，那么， 第一检测部202和第二检测部203环绕在治疗床300外周的环形半径则是较小为好，而如果需要进行检测的肿瘤部位是胸部，那么，根据实际测量需求，改变所述第一检测部和第二检测部环绕在治疗床外周行程的环形的半径。因为检测部环绕在治疗床外周的环形半径越小，检测部201中安装的探测装置204才能更加靠近患者，而探测装置204相对于患者肿瘤部位的探测距离减小，探测到的相关信息才会更多，整个光子发射检测装置200的探测精度才会更加高。
当需要减小环绕在治疗床300外周的环形半径时，改变第一伸缩臂213或者第二伸缩臂223的伸缩长度，使第一伸缩臂213和第二伸缩臂223的伸缩长度不一致，并且，移动第一基座212和第二基座222使第一基座212和第二基座222相互靠近，第一检测部202和第二检测部203环绕在患者肿瘤外周的半径则减小(探测装置204到肿瘤位置的距离减小)；当需要增加环绕在治疗床300外周的环形半径时，保持第一伸缩臂213和第二伸缩臂223的伸缩距离一致，并移动第一基座212和第二基座222使第一基座212和第二基座222相互远离，第一检测部202和第二检测部203环绕在患者胸部外周的半径则增大。当所述第一伸缩臂213与第二伸缩臂223的伸缩距离相同，移动所述第一基座211和第二基座221至所述第一检测部202和第二检测部203相互接触时，所述第一检测部202和第二检测部203形成环绕于所述治疗床300外周最大半径的环形。
所述第一基座212和第二基座222的移动可以通过在地面设置轨道230实现。具体地，可通过在地面设置位于治疗床300两侧的轨道230，所述第一、第二基座212、222分别安装于所述轨道230并在所述轨道230上的运动，所述第一、第二基座212、222的运动带动所述第一、第二检测部202、203相互靠近或者远离，从而使第一检测部202和第二检测部203环绕于所述治疗床300外周的半径增大或者减小。
在本实施方式中，所述治疗床300能够在所述第一检测部202和第二检测部203形成的环形中前后移动以改变所述探测装置204与治疗床300的相对位置(即改变探测装置204与肿瘤的相对位置)。因为治疗床300能够前后移动，所以只需要将轨道230设置为位于治疗床300两侧并且能够沿着与所述治疗床300运动方向垂直的方向延伸的结构即可，第一、第二基座211、221安装在所述轨道230上并沿着所述轨道230移动从而远离或者靠近所述治疗床300。
因为所述检测部201环绕在所述治疗床300外周的半径能够根据实际治疗过程中患者肿瘤位置的实际尺寸进行改变，治疗床300也能够根据患者肿瘤位置的实际情况进行运动，从而使患者肿瘤部位处于检测部201之间，所以整个光子发射检测装置200与治疗床300配合能够实现对患者肿瘤的全方位检测。
当硼中子捕获治疗完成后，移动所述第一基座211和第二基座221，使得整个光子发射检测装置200分成两部分并远离治疗床300。
结合图7，所述光子发射检测装置200还连接有对检测部201检测到的伽马射线进行采集的信号采集单元240、利用采集到的信号计算硼浓度的计算单元250以及连接于中子捕获 治疗装置100并将计算出的硼浓度实时反馈至中子捕获治疗装置100的反馈单元260，所述中子捕获治疗装置100则连接有能够根据反馈单元260反馈的信号对中子捕获治疗装置100产生的中子射束对肿瘤照射时间进行修正的修正单元270。
现将光子发射检测装置在整个硼中子捕获治疗系统的工作过程进行描述。
首先，患者注射(服用)含有硼(10B)药物并置于所述治疗床300，所述含硼(10B)药物在患者肿瘤位置处聚集；
所述光子发射检测装置200根据患者肿瘤的部位依次调整治疗床300相对于检测部201的位置(借助治疗床300的运动使肿瘤部位位于检测部201内探测装置204的对应位置)及检测部201的第一检测部202和第二检测部203环绕在治疗床300外周的环形半径；
所述中子捕获治疗装置100产生中子射束N，所述中子射束N对患者聚集有含硼(10B)药物的肿瘤位置进行照射，中子射束N与硼(10B)产生伽马射线；
所述第一检测部202和第二检测部203通过探测装置204探测中子射束N与硼(10B)产生伽马射线；
所述信号采集单元240采集探测到的伽马射线，并利用计算单元250通过采集到的伽马射线计算出硼(10B)浓度；
所述反馈单元260将计算出的硼(10B)浓度反馈至中子捕获治疗装置100；
所述中子捕获治疗装置100通过修正单元270，根据反馈单元260反馈的硼(10B)浓度对中子射束的照射时间进行修正。
当整个治疗过程结束后，可以将所述光子发射检测装置200分成两部分移动至远离中子捕获治疗装置100的位置，以减小中子捕获治疗装置100与光子发射检测装置200相互之间的辐射影响。
本申请揭示的用于硼中子捕获治疗系统的光子发射检测装置并不局限于以上实施例所述的内容以及附图所表示的结构。而且如果有需要，也可以对其他断层扫描显像装置(比如Computed Tomography:CT,电子计算机断层扫描)进行本申请中的改进。在本申请的基础上对其中构件的材料、形状及位置所做的显而易见地改变、替代或者修改，都在本申请要求保护的范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光子发射检测装置，其特征在于：所述光子发射检测装置包括检测部以及治疗床，所述检测部包括位于所述治疗床两侧的第一检测部和第二检测部，所述第一检测部和第二检测部能够彼此远离或者靠近从而使检测部形成半径能够增加或者减小的环形，所述环形环绕于所述治疗床。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光子发射检测装置，其特征在于：所述第一检测部和第二检测部内均安装有能够相对于治疗床旋转的探测装置，所述检测部通过探测装置检测由硼中子捕获反应产生的瞬发伽马射线。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光子发射检测装置，其特征在于：所述光子发射检测装置还包括位于治疗床两侧的第一支撑架和第二支撑架，所述第一支撑架包括能够在地面移动的第一基座、连接于第一基座并且沿竖直方向上下伸缩的第一伸缩臂以及位于所述第一伸缩臂的一端并且连接于所述第一检测部的第一延伸臂，所第一检测部设于所述第一延伸臂，所述第二支撑架包括能够在地面移动的第二基座、连接于第二基座并且能够沿竖直方向上下伸缩的第二伸缩臂以及位于所述第二伸缩臂的一端并且连接于所述检测部的第二延伸臂，所述第二检测部设于所述第二延伸臂，所述第一支撑架和第二支撑架随着第一基座和第二基座的运动远离或者靠近治疗床。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光子发射检测装置，其特征在于：当所述第一伸缩臂与第二伸缩臂的伸缩距离相同，所述第一基座和第二基座相互靠近至所述第一检测部和第二检测部相互接触时，所述第一检测部和第二检测部形成环绕所述治疗床外周最大半径的环形；当所述第一伸缩臂和第二伸缩臂的伸缩距离不同，所述第一基座和第二基座相互靠近时，所述第一检测部和第二检测部形成环绕于所述治疗床外周的半径减小。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的光子发射检测装置，其特征在于：所述第一检测部和/或第二检测部能够相对于治疗床转动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光子发射检测装置，其特征在于：所述第一伸缩臂和第一延伸臂之间设有转动件，第二伸缩臂和第二延伸臂之间设有转动件，第一延伸臂能够绕转动件转动而使第一检测部相对治疗床转动，第二延伸臂能够绕转动件转动而使第二检测部相对于治疗床转动。
  7. 一种硼中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述硼中子捕获治疗系统包括中子捕获治疗装置、光子发射检测装置以及治疗床，所述中子捕获治疗装置包括用于产生带电粒子束的加速器、经带电粒子束照射后产生中子射束的中子产生部、对中子射束进行整形的射束整形体及准直器，所述射束整形体包括缓速体及包覆于缓速体外周的反射体，所述缓速体将自中子产生部产生的中子减速至预设能谱，所述反射体将偏离的中子导回以提高预设能谱内的中子强度，所述准直器将中子产生部产生的中子进行集中，所述中子照射含硼(10B)药物后产生伽马射线，所述光子发射检测装置包括环绕所述治疗床外周并对中子照射含硼(10B)药物后产生的伽马射线进行检测的检测部，所述检测部包括第一检测部和第二检测部，所述第一检测部和第二检测部能够彼此远离或者靠近从而使检测部形成半径能够增加或者 减小的环形，所述环形环绕于所述治疗床。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的硼中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述第一检测部和第二检测部内均安装有能够相对于治疗床旋转的探测装置，所述检测部通过探测装置实现对所述伽马射线的检测。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的硼中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述第一检测部和/或第二检测部能够相对于治疗床转动，以使第一检测部中的探测装置相对于治疗床的距离与第二检测部中的探测装置相对于治疗床的距离一致。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的硼中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述光子发射检测装置连接有对检测部检测到的伽马射线进行采集的信号采集单元、利用采集到的信号计算硼浓度的计算单元以及连接于中子捕获治疗装置并将计算出的硼(10B)浓度实时反馈至中子捕获治疗装置的反馈单元，所述中子捕获治疗装置则连接有能够根据所述反馈单元反馈的信号对中子捕获治疗装置产生的中子射束照射肿瘤的时间进行修正的修正单元。
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