WO2018209415A1 - Composto, intermediário de síntese, uso, composição farmacêutica e método terapêutico neuromodulador - Google Patents
Composto, intermediário de síntese, uso, composição farmacêutica e método terapêutico neuromodulador Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018209415A1 WO2018209415A1 PCT/BR2018/050156 BR2018050156W WO2018209415A1 WO 2018209415 A1 WO2018209415 A1 WO 2018209415A1 BR 2018050156 W BR2018050156 W BR 2018050156W WO 2018209415 A1 WO2018209415 A1 WO 2018209415A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/10—Tetrapeptides
- C07K5/1021—Tetrapeptides with the first amino acid being acidic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/08—Tripeptides
- C07K5/0819—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being acidic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/10—Tetrapeptides
- C07K5/1002—Tetrapeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
- C07K5/1005—Tetrapeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic
- C07K5/101—Tetrapeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic the side chain containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, e.g. Val, Ile, Leu
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/06—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/94—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving narcotics or drugs or pharmaceuticals, neurotransmitters or associated receptors
- G01N33/948—Sedatives, e.g. cannabinoids, barbiturates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Definitions
- the present invention is in the fields of pharmacy, medicine, chemistry and biotechnology. More specifically, the present invention describes a compound and its use for preparing a binder of diagnostic and / or therapeutic interest, a synthesis intermediate in the preparation of compounds of pharmaceutical interest, the use of a compound for preparing a medicament, a pharmaceutical composition containing said compound is a therapeutic method.
- the compound of the present invention is peptide and has shown surprising stability and ease of handling compared to the most similar peptide compounds.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention comprises said peptide compound and has shown surprising therapeutic results even when administered orally.
- administration of the composition of the invention provided superior therapeutic results compared to the effects of hemopressin and cannabidiol.
- oral administration of the composition of the invention provides important and surprising results in curative or prophylactic treatment of seizures, pain threshold modulation and important neuroprotection, having substantially reduced the clinical symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis.
- the peptide compound of the invention is surprisingly stable at temperature extremes, does not entail the problem of fibril formation and provides easy manipulation in the preparation of products of pharmaceutical interest, including binders of diagnostic interest and pharmaceutical compositions.
- the closest peptide compound to the present invention is hemopressin and its larger variants with biological activity.
- hemopressin presents technical difficulties such as instability and tendency to fibril formation, which limit its use in pharmaceutical preparations (Bomar MG & Galande AK. Modulation of the cannabinoid receptors by hemopressin peptides. Life Sci. 2013 92 (8-9): 520-524).
- hemopressin self assembly may be physiologically relevant and potentially pathogenic or neurotoxic, similar to amyloid peptide fibrils associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and type II diabetes.
- the cannabinoid system which comprises CB1 and CB2 receptors and their endogenous ligands, acts in a variety of metabolic functions, including food intake control, energy and / or lipid metabolism, regulation of intestinal motility, immune system, calcium cycle balance, among others.
- Cannabinoid receptors are widely expressed in the brain, including cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, pituitary, and hypothalamus.
- CB receptors, particularly CB1 have been identified in numerous peripheral organs and tissues, including thyroid gland, adrenal gland, reproductive organs, adipose tissue, liver, muscles, and gastrointestinal tract.
- Bomar &Gaieri's article also shows that N-extended versions of hemopressin, such as RVD-Hp, VD-Hp demonstrated CB1 receptor agonist, and therefore a difference of only two or three amino acids appears to interfere with whether the peptide exhibits antagonist or agonist effect so as to produce opposite effects on CB1.
- the signaling pathways for the different known peptides are different from the classical G-mediated pathway, so that no extrapolation is reliable in the light of the literature reports so far. Similar conflicting effects may also occur with respect to the CB2 receptor.
- the present invention surprisingly proves otherwise: in addition to providing more intense therapeutic effects in the known uses for hemopressin and major variants, it also provides other uses not known or suggested hitherto.
- minor changes in peptide sizes can not only lead to substantial and unexpected changes in therapeutic effects, but may also lead to complete absence of effects.
- the compound of the invention further provides the advantage of being a good candidate for substitution of cannabinoid compounds, such as Cannabidiol.
- Cannabidiol despite its proven effects, has been facing regulatory problems due to its origin, the plant Cannabis sativa.
- the present invention provides an additional therapeutic approach for patients suffering from seizures and having difficulty obtaining drugs, being based on a peptide compound and not using Cannabis sativa derivatives.
- the results showed that the compound of the invention, when used as an anticonvulsant, provides other surprising technical advantages in use, including greater therapeutic effect, oral use, lower dosage, lower occurrence of side effects such as prostration and nasal bleeding, among other technical advantages.
- Pilocarpine (commonly called "Pilo") is an alkaloid extracted from the leaves of the jaborandi plant (Pilocarpus jaborandi), a plant used for centuries by the Tupi-Guarani Indians who inhabit Brazil and take advantage of its properties to produce sweat and saliva. .
- Pilocarpine is a non-specific muscarinic agonist, slowly degraded and has no effect on nicotinic receptors and was introduced into clinical practice by Brazilian physician Sifrônio Coutinho in 1874 through extracts of jaborandi leaf to obtain diaphoretic effect (sweat production) and syllagogue (saliva production).
- pilocarpine in high concentrations induces convulsions and is used as an experimental model! therefore.
- Pilocarpine-induced seizures lead to neurotoxicity at the cellular level and may be related to increased cerebral oxidative stress and changes in the concentration of certain amino acids (Santos et al, 201 1).
- Administration of pilocarpine in this experimental model leads to severe brain injury, neurotoxicity and usually culminates in animal death.
- pilocarpine causes cholinergic changes capable of inducing epilepticus (SE) status associated with convulsive stereotyped movements.
- Pilocarpine is capable of inducing epilepticus status administered either directly to the brain or intraperitoneally.
- TLE human epilepsy
- Pilocarpine model This model was developed in 1983 by Turski and colleagues, and is today one of the most widely used epilepsy models, given that its histological, biochemical, pharmacological, electrophysiological, and behavioral characteristics (Turski et al., 1983) similarly reproduce those found in human carriers of TLE.
- the pilocarpine model is also useful for showing changes in muscarinic receptors, such as salivation.
- Acetylcholine through its muscarinic receptor (mAChRs) plays an important role in cognitive functions such as learning and memory.
- mAChRs muscarinic receptors
- MAChRs are receptors that form protein-G receptor complexes on the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells. They play several roles, including acting as the primary end receptor stimulated by acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibers in the parasympathetic nervous system. Muscarinic receptors are so-called because they are more sensitive to muscarine than nicotine.
- nAChRs nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
- Many drugs and other substances eg, pilocarpine and scopolamine manipulate these two distinct receptors by acting as selective agonists or antagonists.
- MAChRs are among the best characterized among transmembrane receptors (7TM) and are widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS).
- Seven mAChR subtypes have been cloned (M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5) and are generally divided into two distinct classes based on signal transduction.
- mAChR M1, M3 and M5 are subtypes that signal through Gq / 11 proteins and activate phospholipase-C and mobilize intracellular calcium.
- MAChR M2 and M4 predominate through Gi / o proteins inhibiting adenylate cyclase and reducing intracellular cAMP concentration.
- the predominant CNS mAChR is subtype M1, which is located in the cortex, hippocampus, striatum and thalamus, where it is found postsynaptic.
- M2 mAChR are predominantly located in the brainstem and thalamus, but also in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum, where they control acetylcholine release.
- M3 and M5 MAChRs are expressed at much lower levels than M1 or M2 MAChRs in the CNS, but M3 MAChRs are found in the cortex and hippocampus, while M5 mAChRs have a very discreet location in the substantia nigra.
- MAChR M4 are found in many brain regions, including the cortex and hippocampus, but are more prominent in the striatum, where they are thought to play a role in controlling dopamine release and modulating locomotor activity.
- Multiple sclerosis is characterized by the destruction of oligodendrocytes and neurons, resulting in heterogeneous and cumulative clinical symptoms.
- therapies are only partially effective and are mainly directed to the inflammatory phase of the disease.
- the neurodegenerative component of the disease is still the biggest challenge for new therapeutic approaches.
- the present invention aims to fill precisely this important gap.
- EAE autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- Gomes et al reveals the natural presence of certain endocannabinoids in the mouse brain (ie, local expression) with N-extended versions of Hp being found.
- the N-extended versions found in the brain RVD- ⁇ and VD-Hpa
- the N-extended versions found in the brain have a function opposite to the peptide of the present invention, being antagonist / inverse agonist and those being receptor agonists. cannabinoids.
- Gomes et al does not disclose or suggest the use no endocannabinoid in seizure control or neuromodulation, and no pharmaceutical compositions comprising any of these entities - much less the use of the peptide of the invention, any of the claimed uses, or oral compositions comprising the same.
- the compound of the invention is new and has surprising properties; in previously known uses, it is a substantial and surprising improvement; in hitherto unknown uses, it is new and surprising, as it is also surprising that an oral pharmaceutical composition containing a peptide has neuromodulating action.
- One of ordinary skill in the art would not expect said peptide compound of the invention to have greater stability and resist the gastrointestinal tract and interact to produce the neuromodulation / neuroprotection effects obtained.
- WO 2014/008567 has as one of the inventors the co-inventor of the present invention (Heimann). It discloses peptide compounds and compositions useful for treating metabolic disorders comprising obesity, diabetes, systemic arterial hypertension (or related disease, condition and / or comorbidities); overweight prevention; appetite regulation; satiety induction; weight gain prevention after successful weight loss; increased energy consumption; aesthetic weight reduction; or bulimia.
- the compounds of said document interact with CB receptors, but are of different chemical structure than those of the present invention.
- This document only reveals the use of hemopressin (Hp) to control diabetes and obesity / weight gain and is limited to Hp and larger derivatives such as VD-Hp, PVD-Hp, RVD-Hp.
- the present invention differs from said document, among other reasons in that it discloses a different compound which provides benefits when compared to hemopressin, including easier preparation, greater stability and biological activity, among other advantages.
- the compound of the invention provides other therapeutic uses not disclosed or suggested in WO 201/01011847: the results of tests performed by the present inventors have been surprising, especially with regard to neuromodulation, neuroprotection, inhibition of seizures. , and multiple sclerosis symptoms, facts not described or suggested in that document. Moreover, said co-inventor of WO 201 1/11847, when proposing tests to verify the hypothesis of the other co-inventor in the present invention, was surprised by the hypothesis - which in itself reveals its non-obviousness. WO 201 1/11847 was published in 2011, while the priority of the present invention is 2017, that is, even more than five years after the publication of the closest antecedent and practically ten years after the discovery of hemopressin by itself.
- WO 201 1/11847 focuses on the action on receptors present in adipose tissue, which are outside the brain and not on brain receptors.
- the literature makes no mention of hemopressin, much less the peptide of the present invention for the control of seizures.
- the use of hemopressin for seizure control had not been disclosed or suggested in the prior art and is the subject of another co-pending patent application of the same inventors, PCT / BR2017 / 050313. What the literature reveals are other molecular entities that are CB1 receptor agonists, while the peptide of the invention is an inverse agonist and antagonist (modulator), which makes the results of the present invention even more surprising.
- WO 2013/021 196 discloses the use of hemopressin as an agent that interferes with oligodentrite differentiation.
- the present invention differs from said document, among other reasons in that it discloses other compounds, other uses and in providing benefits when compared to hemopressin, including easier preparation, greater stability and biological activity, among other advantages.
- the results of tests performed by the inventors have been surprising, especially in relation to neuromodulation, neuroprotection, inhibition of seizures and / or multiple sclerosis symptoms with the compounds of the invention, which are neither described nor suggested in said document.
- MORGAN C. A .; HURLEY, T. D. Characterization of two distinct structural classes of selective aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 A1 inhibitors. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, v. 58, p. 1964-1975, 2015.
- PERTWEE R. G. The diverse pharmacology CB1 and CB2 receptor of three plant cannabinoids: A9-tetrahydrocannabivarin, cannabidiol and ⁇ 9-tetrahydrocannabivarin. British Journal of Pharmacology, v. 153, p. 199-215, 2008.
- RAMACHANDRAN G. N .
- RAMAKRISHNAN C
- SASISEKHARAN V. Stereochemistry of polypeptide chain configurations. Journal of Molecular Biology, v. 7, p. 95-99, 1963.
- Bomar MG & Galande AK Modulation of the cannabinoid receptors by hemopressin peptides. Life I know. 2013 92 (8-9): 520-524.
- the present invention solves a number of known problems in the art such as providing: a more stable and easier to manipulate peptide compound than hemopressin; a synthetic intermediate useful for the preparation of compounds of pharmaceutical interest; use of said compound to prepare a binder of diagnostic interest to the cannabinoid and / or muscarinic system; the use of the compound of the compound to prepare an improved medicament over those containing hemopressin or cannabidiol; an improved metabolic and / or analgesic modulator pharmaceutical composition over hemopressin-containing compositions; an immunomodulatory pharmaceutical composition; a neuromodulatory, neuroprotective pharmaceutical composition for curative or prophylactic treatment of seizures and / or multiple sclerosis; a therapeutic method; a molecular entity that provides these and / or other technical effects without the inconveniences arising from the use of hemopressin such as instability, aggregate formation and / or low therapeutic effect and without the inconveniences arising from the use of cannabinoids such as prostration and nasal bleeding, among others. others.
- the peptide compound of the invention provides advantages in the administration, bioavailability and / or therapeutic action in an animal compared to other peptides, such as, for example, hemopressin and generally larger known variants (9 to 15 amino acids).
- the peptide compound of the invention also provides oral administration to a mammalian animal and provides greater therapeutic effect than hemopressin, and provides hitherto unknown and surprising uses in various aspects.
- the peptide compound of the invention is useful for diagnostic applications.
- Another object of the invention is also an in vitro method for diagnosing the presence, localization and / or quantity of cannabinoid and / or muscarinic receptors, as well as assessing the binding of other compounds to such receptors.
- the compound of the invention is also useful for modulating muscarinic and / or cannabinoid receptors, either by modulating the CB1 receptor, the CB2 receptor, both concomitantly, by modulating the binding or action of other cannabinoid interacting substances, by modulating proteases or peptidases that lead to the generation or degradation of active peptides in the cannabinoid system, or combinations thereof.
- Another object of the present invention is a synthetic intermediate in the preparation of compounds of pharmaceutical and / or diagnostic interest comprising the peptide compound of the invention and may include chemical modifications, substitutions, inclusion of other functional groups.
- the administration of the The peptide compound of the invention to an animal provides important and surprising technical advantages, including superior anticonvulsant activity over cannabidiol and hemopressin, the use of which as an anticonvulsant is the subject of the co-pending patent application of the same inventors.
- Another objects of the invention are therapeutic methods for: curative or prophylactic treatment of metabolic disorders, pain, seizures, multiple sclerosis, as well as for neuromodulation and / or neuroprotection.
- Another object of the present invention is an improved pharmaceutical composition for modulating metabolic functions of a mammal.
- Another object of the present invention is an improved analgesic pharmaceutical composition.
- Another object of the present invention is a neuromodulatory and / or neuroprotective pharmaceutical composition in a mammal.
- Another object of the present invention is an improved pharmaceutical composition for the curative or prophylactic treatment of seizures in a mammal.
- Another object of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for the curative or prophylactic treatment of multiple sclerosis in a mammal.
- the compound of the invention is a peptide compound of formula:
- AA is an amino acid selected from the group consisting of F, W, L, I, V, P, G; AA 2 is hydrogen or an amino acid selected from the group consisting of F, W, L, I, V, P, G;
- R 1 is absent when R 2 is amino acid L, or is hydrogen or amino acid V; and R 2 is absent when AA 2 is hydrogen or is hydrogen, or amino acid L when R 1 is hydrogen,
- the compound of the invention is synthetic and distinct from known natural forms and is useful for preparing a pharmaceutical product of interest selected from a diagnostic binder and a curative or prophylactic medicament in a mammal.
- AA 1 is F, W or L.
- R 1 and R 2 are both hydrogen.
- the compound of the invention is selected from the group consisting of: NFKF, NWKF, NLKF, NFKW, NWKW, NLKW, NFKL,
- the peptide compound of the invention is selected from the group comprising the NFK tripeptide, the tetrapeptide.
- NFKF the tetrapeptide NFKL, as well as modified, cyclic forms thereof, amidated, alkylated, alkoxylated, halogenated, hydroxylated, PEGylated versions, modified with other functional groups, as well as with an amino acid or peptide, including unnatural forms such as - amino acid, its salts; and / or combinations thereof.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention comprises the peptide compound of the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and may be in tablet, tablet, gel, oral liquid or syrup form. capsule, suppository, solution for injection or inhalable or adhesive forms and may optionally comprise other active ingredients.
- Figure 1 shows the results of comparative stability tests of the compound of the invention in the NFKF vs Hp (PVNFKFLSH) embodiment.
- Statistical significance data are also shown, asterisks indicating: ( * ) P ⁇ 0.05 vs Control ( *** ) P ⁇ 0.005 vs Control; ( **** ) P ⁇ 0.0001 vs Control.
- Figure 2 shows the test results of the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment compared to the hemopressin test results, both in the pilocarpine model.
- the times for the first salivation to occur with the administration of the following treatment doses are presented: the control (saline); hemopressin (Hp or PVNFKFLSH, 0.551334 ⁇ / kg); hemopressin (0.91889 ⁇ / kg); the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment (0.540882 ⁇ - ⁇ / kg); NFKF (0.901469 ⁇ - ⁇ / kg); PEP-19 (DIIADDEPLT, 0.9081 17 ⁇ / kg).
- Figure 3 shows the test results of the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment as anticonvulsant compared to the test results for hemopressin as anticonvulsant, both in the pilocarpine model.
- control saline
- hemopressin Hp or PVNFKFLSH, 0.551334 ⁇ - ⁇ / kg
- hemopressin 0.91889 ⁇ - ⁇ / kg
- the compound of the invention in embodiment NFKF (0.540882 ⁇ / kg); NFKF (0.901469 ⁇ / kg); PEP-19 (DIIADDEPLT, 0.9081 17 ⁇ / kg).
- Asterisks indicate statistical significance: ( * ) P ⁇ 0.05 vs Control; ( ** ) P ⁇ 0.01 vs Control; the + sign indicates P ⁇ 0.05 vs Hp 0.91889 ⁇ / kg.
- Figure 4 shows the test results of the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment in the pilocarpine model, indicating the time for the first salivation to occur with control administration, cannabidiol (30mg / kg) or NFKF (500 ⁇ g). / kg).
- the data between control and other test compounds are not statistically significant to each other under the tested conditions.
- Figure 5 shows the test results of the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment as anticonvulsant in the pilocarpine model, indicating the time for the first seizure to occur with the administration of cannabidiol (30mg / kg) or NFKF (500 ⁇ g / kg). kg).
- Asterisks indicate statistical significance: ( ** ) P ⁇ 0.02 vs Control; ( *** ) P ⁇ 0.002 vs Control.
- Figure 6 shows the results of neuroprotection tests with the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment in the pilocarpine model, the survival / death profile of the animals being given by NFKF administration.
- A) the survival profile of the animals administered the control (saline only) is shown;
- B) the survival profile of the animals given cannabidiol 30mg / kg is shown;
- C) the survival profile of the animals administered NFKF 500 ⁇ g / kg is shown;
- all profiles are shown in one graph.
- the group treated with NFKF neuromodulator 500 ⁇ / ⁇
- only two animals died.
- the remaining 3 animals in the NFKF-treated group remained alive for more than a week, while virtually all others died within 30 minutes.
- the average survival time for this group is significantly different and much longer than the others.
- survival is three times higher in the first group, ie, in the group given NFKF 500 ⁇ g / kg, even using a 60 times lower relative compound concentration.
- pilocarpine administration the survival / death profiles of the animals being indicated after 24h in the tested model.
- the control is saline administration prior to pilocarpine administration.
- Figure 8 shows the test results of the compounds of the invention NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL, as well as the dipeptides NF, FK, KF and KL in the pilocarpine model. salivation following administration of control or test compounds. * P ⁇ 0.05 vs Control. Results reflect the average results of seven animals in the control group and six animals in the NFK-treated group.
- Figure 9 shows the test results of the compounds of the invention NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL, as well as the dipeptides NF, FK, KF and KL in the pilocarpine model, indicating the time for occurrence of the first one. signal after administration of control or test compounds.
- Figure 10 shows the test results of the compounds of the invention NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL, as well as the dipeptides NF, FK, KF and KL in the pilocarpine model. seizure following administration of control or test compounds. * P ⁇ 0.05 vs control; ** P ⁇ 0.001 vs control.
- Figure 11 shows the test results of the compounds of the invention NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL, as well as the dipeptides NF, FK, KF and KL in the pilocarpine model. death after administration of control or test compounds. * P ⁇ 0.05 vs control.
- Figure 12 shows results of tests of binding of various compounds to the CB1 receptor in tests with anti-CB1 antibodies sensitive to receptor activation / conformational changes. Values in% CB1 receptor binding in relation to control are indicated. * P ⁇ 0.05 vs control.
- Figure 13 presents an overview of the three-dimensional structure of a GPCR, in this case the subtype 1 cannabinoid receptor.
- the seven transmembrane helices (I-VII), the intracellular loops (ICL1 and ICL2) and the extracellular loops (ECL2 and ECL3) are highlighted.
- Figure 14 shows the AM6538 structure overlay of the crystallographic structure (PDB 5TGZ), and the result obtained after validation by the Goldscore function (when the figure appears colored, the crystallographic structure is purple and the result of the Goldscore function). blue / cyan, although for the purposes of this patent application such colors are irrelevant).
- Figure 15 shows the main interactions observed for AM6538 at the CB1 receptor binding site.
- Figure 16 shows the main interactions observed for rimonabant at the CB1 receptor binding site.
- Figure 17 shows the main interactions observed for cannabidiol at the CB1 receptor binding site.
- Figure 18 shows the major interactions observed for the peptide compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment at the CB1 receptor binding site.
- Figure 19 shows the results of the process of obtaining CB2 receptor structure.
- A) the three-dimensional structure of the CB2 receptor is shown. obtained; in B) the Ramachandran Graph for the obtained human CB2 model is shown.
- Figure 20 shows the main interactions between CB2 receptor and AM6538 ligand.
- Figure 21 shows the main interactions between the CB2 receptor and rimonabant.
- Figure 22 shows the major interactions between the CB2 receptor and cannabidiol.
- Figure 23 shows the main interactions between the CB2 receptor and the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment.
- Figure 24 shows the results of pain threshold, force in grams applied to the back of the right paw of the animals. When animals react by pawing, the force in grams required to induce this response is the pain threshold. Antinoniceptive activity was expressed as increased pain threshold compared to control animals.
- the compounds of the invention were orally administered to animals at doses of 0.5 to 0.25 mg / kg and saline was used as a control. * P ⁇ 0.05 vs control.
- Figure 25 shows the test results of the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment in controlling multiple sclerosis.
- A is shown the Clinical Score curve of the Wild Type (WT) mouse, that is, submitted to EAE induction with MOG;
- B is shown the Clinical Score curve of the knock out mouse of the endopeptidase 24.15 gene, ie transgenic and prone to the symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis, in the EAE model, submitted to induction with MOG;
- C is shown the Clinical Score curve of the knock out mouse of the Endopeptidase 24.15 gene, ie, transgenic and prone to Multiple Sclerosis symptoms in the EAE model, submitted to induction with MOG and neuroprotection with obtained with NFKF.
- AAi is an amino acid selected from the group consisting of F, W, L, I, V, P, G;
- AA 2 is hydrogen or an amino acid selected from the group consisting of F, W, L, I, V, P, G;
- R 1 is absent when R 2 is amino acid L, or is hydrogen or amino acid V;
- R 2 is absent when AA 2 is hydrogen or is hydrogen, or amino acid L when R 1 is hydrogen,
- the compound of the invention is synthetic and distinct from known natural forms and is useful for preparing a pharmaceutical product of interest selected from a diagnostic binder and a curative or prophylactic medicament in a mammal.
- AA is F, W or L.
- R 1 and R 2 are both hydrogen.
- the compound of the invention is selected from the group consisting of: NFKF, NWKF, NLKF, NFKW, NWKW, NLKW, NFKL,
- NWKL, NLKL, VNFK, VNWK, VNLK as well as cyclic modified forms thereof, amidated, alkylated, alkoxylated, halogenated, hydroxylated, PEGylated, modified with other functional groups, as well as with an amino acid or peptide, including unnatural ones as d-amino acid forms, their salts; and / or combinations thereof.
- the peptide compound of the invention is selected from the group comprising the NFK tripeptide, the NFKF tetrapeptide, the NFKL tetrapeptide, as well as modified, cyclic forms thereof, alkylated, alkoxylated, halogenated, hydroxylated, PEGylated, modified with other functional groups, as well as with an amino acid or peptide, including unnatural ones such as d-amino acid forms, their salts; and / or combinations thereof.
- Said peptide compound has surprisingly high temperature stability and ease of handling, being particularly useful in pharmaceutical and drug preparations.
- the peptide compound of the invention provides advantages in the administration, bioavailability and / or therapeutic action in an animal compared to other peptides such as hemopressin and generally larger known variants (9 to 23 amino acids).
- the peptide compound of the invention also provides oral administration to a mammalian animal and provides greater therapeutic effect than known hemopressin, and may advantageously replace hemopressin in all or almost all applications already described for it.
- the compound of the invention is also a synthetic intermediate in the preparation of compounds of pharmaceutical interest which comprise the peptide compound of the invention and include chemical modifications, substitutions, inclusion of other functional groups.
- the compound of the invention is an advantageous substitute for cannabidiol and provides advantages in production, handling, use and safety and is useful for replacing cannabidiol in all or almost all applications already described for it.
- the compound of the invention is a muscarinic receptor and / or cannabinoid receptor ligand, being useful for diagnostic applications or for modulating muscarinic and / or cannabinoid receptors, either by modulating the CB1 receptor, the CB2 receptor, or both. by modulation the binding or action of other substances that interact in the cannabinoid system by modulating proteases or peptidases that lead to the generation or degradation of active peptides in the cannabinoid system, or combinations thereof.
- Test results presented in the present patent application show that the compound of the invention interacts with and / or modulates the activity of cannabinoid receptors and / or muscarinic receptors.
- the compound of the invention is useful in an improved pharmaceutical composition for modulating metabolic functions of a mammal.
- the compound of the invention is useful in an improved analgesic pharmaceutical composition.
- the compound of the invention is useful in a pharmaceutical composition for the curative or prophylactic treatment of seizures in a mammal.
- Administration of the peptide compound of the invention to an animal provides important and surprising technical advantages, including superior anticonvulsant activity over cannabidiol and hemopressin, its use as anticonvulsant being the subject of co-pending patent application PCT / BR2017 / 050313, from the same inventors.
- the compound of the invention is useful in a neuromodulatory and / or neuroprotective pharmaceutical composition in a mammal.
- the results of the tests presented in the present patent application show that the composition of the invention modulates the action of neurons, being also neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, analgesic and useful in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
- compound of pharmaceutical interest shall be understood to mean any molecular entity comprising the compound described as a common inventive concept to this patent application, including also molecular entities obtained by chemical modification / derivatization of the including the inclusion of other functional groups, straight or branched side chains, alteration of hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, among others, provided entity R1-N-AA1-K-AA2-R2 as defined above, except for natural and known entities.
- composition shall be understood to mean any composition containing an active principle for prophylactic, palliative and / or curative purposes, acting to maintain and / or restore the homeostasis and may be administered orally, topically, parenterally, enterally and / or intrathecally.
- pharmaceutically acceptable formulation is understood to mean a formulation containing pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and carriers well known to those skilled in the art, such as the development of suitable doses and treatments for use in particular compositions which are suitable for use. may be described in a number of treatment regimens including oral, parenteral, intravenous, intranasal, intravitreal and intramuscular, intracerebral, intracerebroventricular and intraocular and their administration and / or formulation.
- modified peptide is understood to be an unnaturally modified or artificially obtained peptide including halides, cyclized, amidated, alkylated, alkoxylated, hydroxylated, PEGylated, other functional groups on any amino acid, or salt forms thereof, as well as with an amino acid or peptide, including unnatural ones, such as d-amino acid forms.
- the peptide compound may be pegylated using techniques known to those of skill in the art, such as pegylation with reagents containing the succinimidyl group, which preferably react with primary amines present in the N-terminal region of the peptide.
- the peptide compound of the invention may be alkylated at any amino acid using techniques known to those skilled in the art, including, for example, the Mitsunobu reaction described in Reichwein & Liskamp (Reichwein JF & Liskamp RMJ). Site-specific A / -alkylation of peptides on the solid phase. Tetrahedron Letters, Volume 39, Issue 10, 5 March 1998, Pages 1243-1246). This article describes the introduction of any alkyl group into a peptide-specific amide function.
- the peptide compound of the invention may be alkoxylated, substituted with halogens, hydroxy or other functional groups on any amino acid using techniques known to those skilled in the art, including, for example, those described in the Special Periodic Reports, Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins : Volume 42, Royai Society of Chemistry, 2013.
- the peptide compound of the invention may be modified with other molecular species useful in diagnostic and / or therapeutic applications, such as biotin, using techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- cyclic, cyclized or circular "peptide is understood to be a peptide that has had a covalent bond between the two ends of a linear peptide molecule by any method known in the art, particularly by enzyme activity
- the cyclic peptide may be used in place of the linear peptide due to the fact that it is more difficult to degrade because its hydrolytic enzyme attack ends or zones are not as exposed as in a linear peptide.
- agonist is to be understood as a drug, drug, hormone, neurotransmitter or other signaling molecule that forms a complex with a receptor site, thereby triggering an active response from a cell.
- inverse agonist or antagonist shall be understood to mean agent (s) (eg drugs, drugs, hormones or enzymes) that binds to agonist receptors and produce (em) pharmacological effects opposite to those of agonists, such that the action of one partially or totally inhibits the effect of the other.
- agent eg drugs, drugs, hormones or enzymes
- a compound is an inverse agonist when acting in the presence of an agonist, but reducing its activity
- An antagonist is a compound that will totally block the activity of the agonist.
- the concept of "equivalent human dose” is the dose at which in humans the same magnitude of effect is expected to be observed in animals at a given dose, as recommended by the "Guidance for Industry Estimating the Maximum Safe”.
- Starting Dose in Initial Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in Adult Healthy Volunteers "published by the US Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), July 2005 Pharmacology and Toxicology.
- CDER Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in Adult Healthy Volunteers
- CDER Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in adults Healthy Volunteers
- CDER Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in adults Healthy Volunteers
- the conversion of observed animal dose (mg / kg) to Human Equivalent Dose (mg / kg) implies dividing the result obtained in rats by 6.2 and the result obtained in mice by 12.3. These values are applicable to a 60 kg standard weight human.
- CB receptor binder is understood to be a compound or molecule that interacts with the CB system and / or CB1 or CB2 receptors.
- modulating CB receptor function should be understood as an interaction that results in alteration of the biochemical activity of the CB receptor, particularly CB1 or CB2. It is understood that the change is positive when an antagonist or inverse agonist effect occurs on CB receptors and that the change is negative when a agonist effect on CB receptors. Test results presented in the present patent application indicate that the compound of the invention interacts with and / or modulates the CB1 receptor and / or the CB2 receptor, probably as an allosteric CB1 and / or CB2 receptor modulator.
- the compound of the invention is useful for modulating the cannabinoid system, either by modulating the CB1 receptor, the CB2 receptor, both concomitantly, by modulating the binding or action of other interacting substances in the cannabinoid system, by modulating proteases or peptidases.
- the compound of the invention may also displace the natural system to a protective action, or combinations of these effects.
- modulating muscarinic receptor function should be understood as an interaction that causes changes in muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), which play an important role in cognitive functions such as learning and memory, control of dopamine release, modulation of locomotor activity, its modulation being also useful in controlling Alzheimer's disease and / or controlling drug addiction or abuse. It is understood that the change is positive when an antagonist or inverse agonist effect occurs on muscarinic receptors and that the change is negative when an agonist effect occurs on muscarinic receptors.
- the tests presented in this patent application suggest that the compound of the invention interacts with and / or modulates muscarinic receptors.
- this term is to be understood as including modulation of: energy and / or lipid metabolism; hypertension, regulation of intestinal motility; Imune system; calcium cycle balance, conditions associated with the thyroid gland, organs peripheral and tissues, including reproductive organs, adipose tissue, liver, muscles and gastrointestinal tract, being useful in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, immune / inflammatory diseases or disorders, osteopenia, osteoporosis, cancer.
- the peptide compounds of the invention are also useful in pharmaceutical compositions for treating metabolic disorders comprising overweight prevention; appetite regulation; satiety induction; weight gain prevention after successful weight loss; increased energy consumption; aesthetic weight reduction; or bulimia.
- neuromodulator or “neuromodulator” shall be understood to mean the function of modulating neuronal / neurological function, including modulation of brain activity, cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, pituitary, hypothalamus. ; adrenal gland.
- Neuromodulation includes the beneficial modulation of neuroprotection against agents or conditions that lead to pathophysiological processes. Neuroprotective agents or compounds are preferably used before (or during) the prodromal phase of the disease, which often begins many years before the onset of symptoms.
- a neuromodulator is potentially useful in curative or prophylactic treatment of various neurological conditions or disorders, including essential tremor, migraine, pain, neuropathic pain, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, diseases.
- congenital disorders such as dementia, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, autism and are also potentially useful in modifying the pathophysiological processes involved in seizures and / or epilepsy, as well as in other clinical conditions related to disorders of neuronal excitability or neuronal damage due to ischemia, hypoxia or other harmful conditions.
- the surprising pharmaceutical action of the invention may be linked to the action on CB1 and / or CB2 and / or muscarinic receptors or possibly bound. uptake modulation adenosine, GGPR55, PPAR ⁇ receptors, intracellular calcium level, modulation of opioid receptors that form cannabinoid receptor heterodimers, or combinations thereof.
- any therapeutic indication related to these targets may benefit from the present invention.
- AAi and / or AA 2 is F, W or L.
- said peptide compound is selected from the group consists of: NFKF, NWKF, NLKF, NFKW, NWKW, NFKL, NWKL, NLKL, VNFK, VNWK, VNLK, as well as cyclic modified forms. thereof, amidated, alkylated, alkoxylated, halogenated, hydroxylated, PEGylated versions, modified with other functional groups, as well as with an amino acid or peptide, including unnatural ones such as d-amino acid forms and their salts; and / or combinations thereof.
- said peptide compound is selected from the group consists of: NFK tripeptide, NFKF tetrapeptide, NFKL tetrapeptide, as well as modified, cyclic, amidated, alkylated, alkoxylated, halogenated versions thereof. hydroxylated, PEGylated, modified with other functional groups, as well as with an amino acid or peptide, including unnatural ones such as d-amino acid forms, their salts; and / or combinations thereof.
- composition modulating metabolic functions in a mammal comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and, as active ingredient, the compound described above.
- Analgesic pharmaceutical composition in a mammal comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and, as active ingredient, the compound described above.
- Curative or prophylactic neuromodulatory and / or neuroprotective pharmaceutical composition in a mammal comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and, as active ingredient, the compound described above.
- compositions for the curative or prophylactic treatment of seizures in a mammal comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and, as active ingredient, the compound described above.
- Pharmaceutical composition for the curative or prophylactic treatment of Multiple Sclerosis in a mammal comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and, as active ingredient, the compound described above.
- composition comprising the NFK tripeptide, the NFKF tetrapeptide, the NFKL tetrapeptide, or combinations thereof.
- Therapeutic method modulating metabolic functions of an animal, comprising administering the peptide described above.
- the peptide of the invention is preferably modified so that its molecular weight is larger, minimizing or preventing its passage through the blood-brain barrier.
- Therapeutic method for curative or prophylactic treatment of pain comprising administering to an animal the compound described above.
- Therapeutic method for curative or prophylactic neuromodulation and / or neuroprotection comprising administering to an animal the compound described above.
- Therapeutic method for the curative or prophylactic treatment of seizures comprising administering to an animal the compound described above.
- Therapeutic method for the curative or prophylactic treatment of Multiple Sclerosis comprising administering to an animal the compound described above.
- the compound of the invention has been shown to be much more stable than hemopressin, which furthermore causes the technical problems of fiber or fibril formation, as occurs with its larger known variants. [0177] In vivo mammalian testing has shown excellent therapeutic effect at low dosages, with no evidence of significant side effects.
- the peptide compound of the invention has also been shown to be a suitable synthesis intermediate for the preparation of other compounds useful in diagnostic and / or therapeutic applications. Tests presented in the present invention show that the compound of the invention is suitably modified with biotin known in the art to be useful in diagnostic preparations or kits.
- the peptide compound of the invention when modified / protected by biotin, has also been shown to bind to the CB1 receptor in tests with anti-CB1 antibodies sensitive to receptor activation / conformational changes.
- Another object of the invention is an in vitro method of diagnosing the presence, amount and / or localization of cannabinoid, opioid and / or muscarinic receptors, as well as evaluating the binding of other compounds to these receptors.
- the neuromodulatory / neuroprotective effect of administration of the compound of the invention to mammals is evidenced by decreased and / or absence of symptoms, brain damage and deaths associated with administration of known harmful substances, such as pilocarpine.
- the invention provides the use of said compound for the preparation of a neuromodulatory, neuroprotective medicament and / or for the curative or prophylactic treatment of seizures in a mammal.
- Administration to an animal of the compound of the invention provides neuromodulatory, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant and / or symptom inhibiting activity of multiple sclerosis; enables oral administration; does not have or entail the inconvenience arising from the production, storage, transport and use of cannabinoid substances and provides additional advantages in the preparation of mammalian therapeutic products, their administration and / or effects.
- administration of the compound of the invention to an animal provides important and surprising technical advantages, including superior anticonvulsant activity over hemopressin, the use of which as anticonvulsant is the subject of the co-pending patent application of the same inventors.
- the present invention describes the use of a compound for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions useful for a variety of medical conditions, including those related to the central nervous system.
- the active compound of the invention is peptide or predominantly peptide
- oral administration provided brain effects in animals.
- in vivo tests with the composition of the invention have shown surprising results regarding its neuroprotective activity.
- the composition of the invention when previously administered to animals, has provided surprising, potent and long term protection against damage arising from the subsequent administration of known harmful substances to neurons. Therefore, the neuroprotection provided by the compound of the invention is particularly useful as a therapeutic alternative for a variety of medical conditions, including those related to neuronal excitability disorders, such as seizures.
- in vivo tests with the compound of the invention have shown surprising results for its anticonvulsant activity.
- the compound of the invention when used as an anticonvulsant, additionally provides the advantage of being a good substitute candidate for cannabinoid compounds known to act as anticonvulsants, such as Cannabidiol.
- Cannabidiol despite its proven anticonvulsant effects, has been facing regulatory problems due to its origin, the Cannabis sativa plant.
- the present invention provides an additional therapeutic approach for patients suffering from seizures who have difficulty obtaining medicines, being based on a peptide, ie it does not use cannabis sativa derivatives.
- the results showed that the compound of the invention, when used as an anticonvulsant, provides other surprising technical advantages in use, including greater therapeutic effect, oral use, lower dosage, lower occurrence of side effects such as prostration and nasal bleeding, among others. technical advantages.
- CBD cannabidiol
- composition of the invention provides surprising technical advantages in use, including greater therapeutic effect, viability of oral use, no need to use oil as a vehicle (which in many cases causes side effects), lower dosage and lower occurrence of side effects such as prostration and nasal bleeding, among others.
- composition of the invention is also useful for the treatment of diseases associated with modulation of cannabinoid system activity, cannabinoid (CB) and / or muscarinic receptors - with several technical advantages and without known undesirable effects from those available in the prior art.
- the use of the compound of the invention in the preparation of a neuromodulatory, neuroprotective and / or anticonvulsant medicament provides a medicament orally administrable to a mammal.
- the results show / support the use of the compound of the invention regardless of whether the compound of the invention is the target acting active, ie not degrading during oral ingestion, or that the compound is a precursor which upon modification. post-administration chemistry acts on the target - in this case, being characterized as a prodrug.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention comprises the compound described above and also a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, optionally further comprising other pharmaceutically acceptable actives and / or salts thereof.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention may be administered as a tablet, gel, capsule, oral liquid. or syrup, suppository, solution for injection or other administration forms suitable for pharmaceutical and medical purposes.
- the neuromodulatory / neuroprotective / anticonvulsant effects of the composition of the invention were evaluated by oral administration to animals.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention was administered to mammals (Mus musculus or mouse) at oral dose treatment with different embodiments of the compound of the invention compared to other compounds or to saline control.
- test compounds were administered orally 10 minutes prior to (intraperitoneal) pilocarpine administration.
- Pilocarpine hydrochloride 320 mg / kg, Merck
- dissolved in 0.9% sterile saline was administered intraperitoneally for induction of SE (status epileticus) (Turski et al., 1983).
- SE status epileticus
- the compound of the invention being a major GPCR (cannabinoid receptor) receptor ligand / modulator, is useful in modulating GPCR receptor activity under pathological conditions, as well as in modulating the target GPCR and also as a carrier for other entities.
- Therapeutic Molecules Targeting Cells Expressing Dimerizing GPCRs with cannabinoid receptors.
- the compound of the invention is also useful in antibody combination therapies, especially monoclonal, selective for activated / modulated receptor conformation. Such therapies provide the advantage of conferring high specificity, potentially also reducing the administration dose.
- the stability of the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment was compared to that of hemopressin (Hp, PVNFKFLSH) under extreme conditions.
- Hp is known to have the problem of fibril formation, as well as variants thereof which have a higher number of amino acids.
- NFKF and Hp samples were subjected to two separate stability tests by freezing for 24h and heating at 100 ° C for 10 minutes.
- compound R1-N-AA1-K-AA2-R2 is the tetrapeptide NFKF, which has been synthesized by chemical synthesis.
- Said peptide was used in the preparation of a liquid oral pharmaceutical composition comprising between 2.7x10 4 Molar of said peptide and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- said carrier is saline solution, the pharmaceutical composition being a solution for oral use.
- Said composition was used for oral administration in vivo to mammals according to examples 3-8 below.
- the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a tablet, gel, oral liquid or syrup, capsule, suppository, solution for injection or inhalable or adhesive forms, optionally comprising other active ingredients.
- Example 3 Comparative of pharmaceutical composition comprising NFKF compound with pharmaceutical composition comprising Hp - in vivo test results
- Figure 2 shows the test results of the compound of the invention NFKF as compared to the hemopressin test results, both in the pilocarpine model.
- the percentages of time in relation to the control for the occurrence of the first salivation with the administration of the following treatment doses are presented: the control (saline); hemopressin (Hp or PVNFKFLSH, 0.551334 ⁇ / kg); hemopressin (0.91889 ⁇ / kg); the peptide of the invention NFKF (0.540882 ⁇ / kg); NFKF (0.901469 ⁇ / kg); PEP-19 (DIIADDEPLT, 0.9081 17 ⁇ / kg).
- Asterisks indicate statistical significance: ( * ) P ⁇ 0.05 vs Control; ( ** ) P ⁇ 0.01 vs Control; the + sign indicates P ⁇ 0.05 vs Hp 0.91889 ⁇ -iol / kg.
- salivation induced by pilocarpine administration is indicative of changes in muscarinic receptors. Consequently, the substantial change in the time profile for the first salivation observed upon prior administration of the compound of the invention suggests direct or indirect modulation of muscarinic receptors.
- Example 4 Comparative of anticonvulsant pharmaceutical composition comprising NFKF compound with anticonvulsant pharmaceutical composition comprising Hp - in vivo test results
- the anticonvulsant effects of the composition of the invention were compared with the hemopressin-containing pharmaceutical composition (Hp or PVNFKFLSH), the use of which as an anticonvulsant is the subject of co-pending patent application PCT / BR2017 / 050313. .
- FIG. 3 shows the test results of the inventive compound NFKF as anticonvulsant compared to the results of hemopressin as anticonvulsant tests, both in the pilocarpine model.
- the percentages of time (relative to control) for the first seizure to occur upon administration of the following treatment doses are presented: hemopressin (Hp or PVNFKFLSH, 0.551334 ⁇ / kg); hemopressin (0.91889 ⁇ / kg); the peptide of the invention NFKF (0.540882 ⁇ / kg); NFKF (0.901469 ⁇ / kg); PEP-19 (DIIADDEPLT, 0.9081 17 ⁇ / kg) and the control (saline).
- the asterisks indicate: ( * ) P ⁇ 0.05 vs Control; ( ** ) P ⁇ 0.01 vs Control; the + sign indicates P ⁇ 0.05 vs Hp 0.91889 ⁇ / kg.
- the anticonvulsant effect of the inventive composition prepared according to example 2 was evaluated by prior administration of the inventive composition and subsequent administration of pilocarpine to animals.
- Figure 4 shows the results of pilocarpine model tests, indicating the time for the first salivation to occur with the control administration, cannabidiol (30mg / kg) of the compound of the invention R1-N-AA1-K-AA2- R2, in which embodiment is tetrapeptide NFKF (50 ⁇ g / kg).
- Figure 5 shows the results of pilocarpine model tests, indicating the time for the first seizure to occur with cannabidiol administration (30mg / kg) and the inventive peptide NFKF (50C ⁇ g / kg). .
- the asterisks indicate: ( ** ) P ⁇ 0.02 vs Control; ( *** ) P ⁇ 0.002 vs Control.
- the neuromodulatory effect of the inventive composition prepared according to example 2 was evaluated by prior administration of the inventive composition and subsequent administration of pilocarpine to animals.
- Other test compounds were also evaluated as described below.
- Pilocarpine administration leads to severe brain injury, neurotoxicity and usually culminates in the death of animals.
- This substance was used in the experiments described below, but its damaging neuronal / brain effects were inhibited by prior administration of the composition of the present invention: the vast majority of animals subjected to these experiments showed no symptoms related to brain damage and survived without apparent damage, in contrast to groups of animals treated with other known substances.
- FIG. 6 shows the results of neuroprotection tests with the compound of the invention in the NFKF embodiment in the pilocarpine model, indicating the survival / death profile of the animals upon administration of NFKF.
- A) the survival profile of the animals administered the control (saline only) is shown;
- B) the survival profile of the animals given cannabidiol 30mg / kg is shown;
- C) the survival profile of animals administered NFKF 50Cg / kg is shown;
- all profiles are shown in one graph. Interestingly, in the group treated with NFKF 500 ⁇ g / kg only two animals that died.
- Example 7 Neuromodulatory pharmaceutical composition comprising compound NFKF, NFKL, or NKF - in vivo test results
- Example 6 Given the surprising results obtained in Example 6, the peptides of the invention in the NFKF, NFKL and NKF embodiments were compared in the experiment described below, which shows that the damaging neuronal / brain effects of pilocarpine were inhibited by prior administration of these embodiments of pilocarpine.
- Compounds of the present invention Some animals subjected to these experiments showed no symptoms related to brain injury and survived without apparent damage, in contrast to the group of animals treated with the control.
- the composition of the invention was prepared according to Example 2 with appropriate concentration correction for comparison of the effects of NFKF, NFKL and NFK, such compounds having been previously administered to animal groups.
- Figure 7 shows the results of neuroprotection tests in the pilocarpine model, the survival / death profile of the animals being indicated by administration of these compounds of the invention and subsequently pilocarpine.
- the results were even better than those obtained with NFKF, while the results with NFK were equivalent to those obtained with NFKF.
- Anticonvulsant pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL - in vivo test results
- NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL, as well as dipeptides NF, FK, KF and KL were evaluated in the pilocarpine model.
- Table 1 shows the occurrence time data of the first salivation in the tested model.
- Figure 8 shows the test results of the compounds of the invention NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL, as well as the dipeptides NF, FK, KF and KL in the pilocarpine model, indicating the time for occurrence of the first salivation following administration of control or test compounds.
- the result of NFK administration, which inhibited or delayed the occurrence of first salivation in the pilocarpine model, is noteworthy.
- This result indicates the modulation of muscarinic receptor function, such as acetylcholine (mAChRs), which plays an important role in cognitive functions such as learning and memory, control of dopamine release, modulation of locomotor activity. Modulation of these receptors is useful in controlling Alzheimer's disease and / or controlling drug addiction or abuse as well as in protecting against old age dementia.
- mAChRs acetylcholine
- Table 2 shows the occurrence time data of the first signal in the tested model.
- Figure 9 shows the test results of the compounds of the invention NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL, as well as the dipeptides NF, FK, KF and KL in the pilocarpine model, indicating the time for occurrence of the first signal after administration of control or test compounds.
- Table 3 shows the first seizure occurrence time data in the model tested.
- Figure 10 shows the test results of the compounds of the invention NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL, as well as the NF, FK, KF and KL dipeptides in the pilocarpine model, indicating the time for the first seizure following administration of control or test compounds.
- Table 4 shows the death time data in the tested model.
- Figure 11 shows the test results of the compounds of the invention NFKF, NFKL, NFK, FKF, FKL as well as dipeptides NF, FK, KF. and KL in the pilocarpine model, indicating the time to death following control or test compound administration.
- peptide compound of the invention is also useful as a synthesis intermediate in obtaining other compounds of pharmaceutical / diagnostic interest.
- the compound is referred to as an "unnaturally modified" peptide, being artificially modified or synthesized, including halides, cyclized, amidated, alkylated, alkoxylated, hydroxylated, PEGylated, other functional groups at any time.
- the peptide compound of the invention has been modified with molecular species useful in diagnostic and / or therapeutic applications, such as biotin, using techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- Biotin is a marker or tag that can be used to detect the target of the ligand of the invention, in this case cannabinoid and / or muscarinic receptors, through the use of anti-biotin antibodies, or avidin / streptavidin detection strategies.
- enzymes reporters such as horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, or fluorescent probes.
- the modified compound of the invention in the biotinylated embodiment was used in Scanning / Screening techniques using conformational change-sensitive anti-CB1 Receptor antibodies.
- Figure 12 shows these results and confirms that the peptide compound of the invention has also been shown to be a suitable synthesis intermediate for the preparation of other compounds useful in diagnostic and / or therapeutic applications.
- the peptide compound of the invention when modified / protected by biotin, has also been shown to bind to the CB1 receptor in tests with anti-CB1 antibodies sensitive to receptor activation / conformational changes.
- results of the present example support one of the objects of the invention, which is an in vitro process of diagnosing the presence, quantity and / or localization of cannabinoid, opioid and / or muscarinic receptors, as well as evaluating the binding of other compounds to these receptors.
- Said process comprises contacting the optionally modified compound of the invention with a biological sample containing a cannabinoid, opioid and / or muscarinic receptor.
- Said process is also useful in identifying and / or quantifying other binding molecular entities of these receptors, and includes a step of detecting said binding by visual, optical, radioactive, chemical, spectroscopic signal. Examples include biochemical, cytochemical, histochemical tests.
- the binder of the invention is also potentially useful in in vivo diagnostic and / or prognostic processes, including contrast-enhanced or non-contrast imaging examinations, such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of molecular entities whose presence and / or quantity is modulated by administration. of the compound of the invention. This approach is potentially useful in the diagnosis and / or prognosis of degenerative diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases.
- MRS magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- Example 10 In vitro and in silico tests of binding / interaction of NFKF compound to CB1 receptor
- the in vitro affinity profile of the compound of the invention R1-N-AA1-K-AA2-R2, in which embodiment is the tetrapeptide NFKF was evaluated with the cannabinoid receptor CB1.
- binding techniques were used to measure the affinity of tetrapeptide NFKF (100% pure powder and prepared as 10mM stock solution in DMSO) by cannabinoid receptor CB1 at concentrations of 1 and 10 ⁇ .
- Results are expressed as the binding percentage of the specific control according to the formula:
- IC50 values concentration causing half maximal inhibition of specific control binding
- nH Hill coefficients
- K D radioligand affinity for receptor. A graph is used to determine the KD.
- Results showing inhibition or stimulation greater than 50% are considered to represent significant effect of the test compound. Results showing inhibition or stimulation between 25% and 50% are indicative of low to moderate effect of the test compound. Results showing inhibition or stimulation of less than 25% may be considered as insignificant. Results showing inhibition greater than or equal to 50% are indicative of non-specific or allosteric effects of the test compound.
- CB1 receptor interacts with and / or modulates the activity of the CB1 receptor and / or its endogenous ligands.
- the compound of the invention is potentially useful in a variety of metabolic functions including control of food intake, energy and / or lipid metabolism, regulation of intestinal motility, the immune system, calcium cycle balance, among others.
- Cannabinoid receptors are widely expressed in the brain, including cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, pituitary, hypothalamus, adrenal gland.
- CB receptors, particularly CB1 have been identified in numerous peripheral organs and tissues, including thyroid gland, reproductive organs, adipose tissue, liver, muscles, and gastrointestinal tract.
- Cannabinoid receptor 1 corresponds to the most expressed GPCR (G-Protein Coupled Receptors) in the human brain and is found at high levels in the Central Nervous System in general ( Figure 13). It is activated by endocannabinoids and has been pointed as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases such as pain and inflammation, multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases (agonist effect). and obesity, liver fibrosis and nicotine dependence (antagonist effect) (HUA et al., 2016).
- GPCR G-Protein Coupled Receptors
- FIG 13 shows an overview of the three-dimensional structure of a GPCR, in this case the subtype 1 cannabinoid receptor.
- the seven transmembrane helices (I-VII), the intracellular loops (ICL1 and ICL2) and the extracellular loops (ECL2 and ECL3) are highlighted.
- Table 7 RMSD values obtained from the validation of the GOLD program scoring functions v. 5.5 for AM6538 redocking on receiver CB1.
- Figure 14 visually shows the overlap between the crystallographic structure complex (PDB 5TGZ) and the complex resulting from the AM6538 redocking experiment using the validated methodology.
- the complex resulting from the docking of the tetrapeptide NFKF in CB1 obtained a score of 100.66, substantially higher than the score achieved by the reference ligands. This can be explained by additional hydrogen bonds observed between the tetrapeptide and the Ser-123, Thr-197, Ser-167 and Ser-383 residues. In addition, the observed hydrophobic interactions for AM6538 are also present in the NFKF interaction mode ( Figure 18).
- Example 11 In vitro and in silico tests of binding / interaction of NFKF compound to CB2 receptor
- the in vitro affinity profile of the compound of the invention R1-N-AA1-K-AA2-R2, in which embodiment is the tetrapeptide NFKF was evaluated with the cannabinoid receptor CB2.
- binding techniques were used to measure the affinity of the tetrapeptide NFKF (100% pure powder and prepared as 10mM stock solution in DMSO) by the cannabinoid receptor CB2 at concentrations of 1 and 10 ⁇ .
- the construction of the CB2 3D model was made from a search in the UniProt database of the amino acid sequence of this receptor.
- the criterion used for sequence selection was the species ⁇ Homo sapiens).
- sequence selected for carrying out molecular modeling studies was code P34972.
- the SwissModel server's Template Identification tool was then used to identify and select the template protein.
- the sequence identified by the server as having the highest structural identity with the human CB2 sequence was the PDB code 5TGZ (HUA et al., 2016) belonging to the species Homo sapiens, corresponding to the CB1 receptor.
- the target and template sequences were then aligned using ClustalW2 software linked to the UniProt database to compare sequences to establish percent identity between them.
- the human CB2 homology 3D model was built using the Automated Mode tool available on the Swiss-model server page and, for the validation of the generated model, the overall structural quality and the stereochemical quality of the model were analyzed. value displayed for the GMQE parameter and the Ramachandran plot analysis.
- the stereochemical quality of the model was analyzed using the Ramachandran plot (Figure 19B).
- the Ramachandran plot corresponds to a mathematical model, which relates the dihedral angles ⁇ (angle C-N-Ca-C) on the x-axis and ⁇ (angle N-Ca-C-N) on the y-axis.
- This graph is divided into regions capable of representing the probability of a combination of angles ⁇ and ⁇ (RAMACHANDRAN; RAMAKRISHNAN; SASISEKHARAN, 1963). These regions are classified as: favorable, permitted, generously permitted and prohibited.
- the Ramachandran plot constructed for the human CB2 model showed the presence of approximately 96% of amino acid residues in the most favorable regions and more than 4% of the residues in acceptable regions. No amino acid residues were located in prohibited regions, indicating the stereochemical validation of the created model.
- CB2 docking studies of the NFKF tetrapeptide, AM6538 antagonist, cannabidiol endogenous ligand and rimonabant antagonist were performed. For all compounds analyzed the score obtained in the studies was lower than those achieved for CB1, being 61, 53 for AM6538, 72.33 for tetrapeptide NFKF, 43.31 for cannabidiol and finally 57.40 for rimonabant.
- Table 9 summarizes the comparison between the scores obtained by docking studies on both receivers (CB1 and CB2) in example 10 and in this example:
- the results of the in vitro and in silico experiments of examples 9, 10 and 11 indicate that the compounds of the invention are CB1 receptor binders.
- less favorable interactions of the NFKF compound were evidenced in CB2 receptors, indicating an eventual selectivity profile.
- the results of the experiments of Examples 10 and 11, notably those shown in Figures 17 and 23, show that NFK amino acids participate much more strongly in CB1 and CB2 binding than amino acid F of the C-terminal position, indicating that this Tripeptide is a potential candidate for ligand / modulator of such receptors.
- the in vivo test results shown in figure 7 are in line with this statement.
- Example 12 Analgesic or neuropathic pain modulating pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of the invention - in vivo test results
- the compounds of the present invention have also been tested as analgesics or modulators of neuropathic pain.
- the compounds PVNFKF, PVNFK, VNFKF, NFKF were tested in pain threshold model.
- the pain threshold was measured using a pressure device (Ugo Basile, Italy) essentially as described (Randall & Selitto, 1957). Briefly, a force of increasing magnitude (16 g / s) was applied to the back of the right paw of the rats. When animals react by pawing, the force in grams required to induce this response is the pain threshold. Antinoniceptive activity was expressed as increased pain threshold compared to control animals. This model of induced pain does not require concomitant administration of other substances.
- the compounds of the invention were orally administered to animals at doses of 0.5 to 0.25 mg / kg and saline was used as a control.
- Table 10 shows the force results in grams for pain threshold: Table 10:
- Figure 24 shows the results of pain threshold, force in grams applied to the back of the right paw of the animals.
- the analgesic effect provided by the compound NFKF which increased the pain threshold after 3h administration compared to the immediate pain threshold, is significant and very evident.
- compound NFKF was significantly and substantially higher than PVNFKF, with a 50.1% higher pain threshold in animals given NFKF compared to PVNFKF.
- Example 13 Pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis comprising compound NFKF - in vivo test results
- EAE autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- transgenic knockout mice of the Endopeptidase 24.15 gene were challenged with MOG (Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein), with administration of the inventive compound NFKF or saline as a control. After disease induction, a daily assessment of symptoms was made, according to table 1 1 below. [0313] Table 11. Clinical Score System.
- FIG. 25 shows the results of experiments conducted according to the model described above by administration of saline (control) or NFKF to knock out mice.
- A is shown the Clinical Score curve of the Wild Type (WT) mouse, that is, submitted to EAE induction with MOG;
- the clinical score curve of the knock out mouse in the endopeptidase 24.15 gene, ie transgenic and prone to multiple sclerosis symptoms, in the EAE model submitted to MOG induction is shown in B;
- In C is The Clinical Score curve of knock out mouse 24.15, ie transgenic and prone to Multiple Sclerosis symptoms in the EAE model, submitted to MOG induction and NFKF neuroprotection, is shown.
- the influence of the cannabinoid system on immune function may occur at sites located on the periphery and also within the central nervous system, which is why the literature suggests that the cannabinoid system plays an important role in fine-tuning the immune homeostatic balance.
- the compound of the invention having been shown to modulate the cannabinoid system, may interfere with this system and is potentially useful in a variety of inflammatory, immune, autoimmune conditions.
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Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019564034A JP7241032B2 (ja) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-05-14 | 化合物、合成中間体、使用、医薬組成物及び神経調節治療方法 |
| US16/612,220 US20220098237A1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-05-14 | Compound, synthesis intermediate, use, pharmaceutical composition and neuromodulatory therapeutic method |
| EP18802073.9A EP3626727B1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-05-14 | Compound, synthetic intermediate, use, pharmaceutical composition, and neuromodulatory therapeutic method |
| CN201880047283.1A CN110891963B (zh) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-05-14 | 化合物、合成中间体、用途、药物组合物以及神经调节治疗方法 |
| EP25200805.7A EP4656243A3 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-05-14 | Nfkf and/or nfkl for use as synthesis intermediate for the preparation of compounds of pharmaceutical interest |
| BR112019002655-0A BR112019002655B1 (pt) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-05-14 | Composição farmacêutica neuromoduladora e uso de um composto |
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| BR102017010169-0A BR102017010169A2 (pt) | 2017-05-15 | 2017-05-15 | composto, intermediário de síntese, uso na preparação de anticonvulsivante, composição farmacêutica anticonvulsivante |
| BRBR102017010169-0 | 2017-05-15 | ||
| BRPCT/BR2017/050314 | 2017-10-11 | ||
| PCT/BR2017/050314 WO2018068120A1 (pt) | 2016-10-13 | 2017-10-11 | Uso de composto, intermediário de síntese, composição farmacêutica e método terapêutico neuromodulador |
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| WO2018209415A1 true WO2018209415A1 (pt) | 2018-11-22 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20220098237A1 (pt) |
| EP (2) | EP4656243A3 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JP7241032B2 (pt) |
| CN (1) | CN110891963B (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR102017010169A2 (pt) |
| WO (1) | WO2018209415A1 (pt) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020154679A1 (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-07-30 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Novel non-opioid anti-pain medication |
| WO2022155716A1 (pt) | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-28 | Proteimax Biotecnologia Ltda | Uso de composto, composição farmacêutica para o tratamento de distúrbios imunes ou metabólicos, composição farmacêutica para o tratamento de doenças causadas por ou associadas a vírus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| BR102016023848A2 (pt) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-05-02 | Proteimax Biotecnologia Ltda | Anticonvulsivante, uso e composição farmacêutica contendo o mesmo |
| CN115317590B (zh) * | 2022-08-12 | 2025-02-18 | 北京世桥生物制药有限公司 | 复方氨基酸注射液及其应用和制备方法 |
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| SZLAVICZ EPERERA PSTOMBOLY CHELYES ZZADOR FBENYHE SBORSODI ABOJNIK E: "Further Characterization of Hemopressin Peptide Fragments in the Opioid and Cannabinoid Systems", ANESTH ANALG., vol. 121, no. 6, December 2015 (2015-12-01), pages 1488 - 94, XP055476031, DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000964 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020154679A1 (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-07-30 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Novel non-opioid anti-pain medication |
| WO2022155716A1 (pt) | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-28 | Proteimax Biotecnologia Ltda | Uso de composto, composição farmacêutica para o tratamento de distúrbios imunes ou metabólicos, composição farmacêutica para o tratamento de doenças causadas por ou associadas a vírus |
| US20240050514A1 (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2024-02-15 | Proteimax Biotecnologia Ltda. | Use of compound, pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of immune or metabolic disorders, pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of illnesses caused by or associated with viruses |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3626727B1 (en) | 2025-10-08 |
| EP4656243A3 (en) | 2026-02-18 |
| JP7241032B2 (ja) | 2023-03-16 |
| BR102017010169A2 (pt) | 2019-02-26 |
| CN110891963B (zh) | 2024-02-20 |
| EP3626727A4 (en) | 2021-02-24 |
| BR112019002655A2 (pt) | 2019-07-02 |
| JP2020520941A (ja) | 2020-07-16 |
| US20220098237A1 (en) | 2022-03-31 |
| CN110891963A (zh) | 2020-03-17 |
| EP3626727C0 (en) | 2025-10-08 |
| EP3626727A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
| EP4656243A2 (en) | 2025-12-03 |
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