WO2019052387A1 - 电动汽车的手动换电系统 - Google Patents

电动汽车的手动换电系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019052387A1
WO2019052387A1 PCT/CN2018/104191 CN2018104191W WO2019052387A1 WO 2019052387 A1 WO2019052387 A1 WO 2019052387A1 CN 2018104191 W CN2018104191 W CN 2018104191W WO 2019052387 A1 WO2019052387 A1 WO 2019052387A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
vehicle
electric vehicle
lift
manual power
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/104191
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林海岩
李楠
田小涛
丁习坤
马永跃
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NIO Co Ltd
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NIO Co Ltd
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Priority to EP18855447.1A priority Critical patent/EP3683105A4/en
Publication of WO2019052387A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019052387A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of battery replacement technology for electric vehicles, and more particularly to a manual power exchange system for an electric vehicle.
  • Electric vehicles can drive vehicles through the electrical energy stored in the battery, reducing the dependence of vehicles on fossil energy, and is an important means to solve national energy security problems.
  • the power battery is the core of the electric vehicle, but the power battery life is far less than that of the traditional vehicle. Therefore, how to quickly and easily supplement the power battery into an important factor for the use and promotion of the electric vehicle, and the current battery charging technology cannot be realized. Like refueling, charging is completed in a few minutes, so replacing the battery has become a common method of supplementing electric vehicles with electric vehicles.
  • the existing electric vehicle production line AGV refers to the automatic guiding device equipped with electromagnetic or optical, can drive along the prescribed guiding path, has the safety protection and various transfer functions of the transport vehicle, does not need the driver in industrial applications
  • the truck is powered by a rechargeable battery.
  • the manual power change system of the trolley consists of an AGV walking trolley and a suspended vehicle lifting crane.
  • the AGV trolley includes a walking system, a scissor lifting platform and a manual floating dismounting device.
  • the system AGV walking trolley and the car lifting crane are relatively large in size, and need to construct rails and safety protection systems for indoor construction, which has the disadvantages of high cost, large space, high site requirements and inability to be widely distributed.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a manual power changing system for an electric vehicle, which is composed of various parts which are small in size, light in weight, easy to install and convenient to transport, and the whole system has a simple and safe structure. Reliable, easy to operate, easy to implement, can be widely promoted in various places.
  • the present invention provides a manual power changing system for an electric vehicle, including: a vehicle lifter, a bolt assisted disassembly device, a transfer trolley, and a battery pack management device;
  • the vehicle lift is used to lift a vehicle
  • the bolt assisting disassembly device is used to tighten or loosen the bolt
  • the battery pack management device is disposed at one side of the vehicle lifter for receiving a depleted battery pack and providing a full-charge battery pack;
  • the transfer trolley is used to transport, exchange and lift the battery pack.
  • the vehicle lifter includes a main body frame structure, a support structure, and a lifting structure
  • the lifting structure is disposed on the main body frame and connected to the supporting structure;
  • the support structure is used to support a vehicle lifting point
  • the lift structure is used to lift the vehicle to a first predetermined height by a lift support structure, the first preset height being a height from the ground when the vehicle is being replaced.
  • the lifting structure includes a first lifting arm and a second lifting arm
  • the supporting structure includes a first supporting structure and a second supporting structure
  • the first supporting structure is disposed on the first lifting arm
  • the second support structure is disposed on the second lifting arm.
  • the bolt assisted disassembly device includes one or more floor-standing robots, and the floor-standing robot includes a tightening gun for tightening or loosening the bolt.
  • the bolt assisting disassembly device comprises two floor-standing robots respectively disposed on the bottom surfaces corresponding to one end of a diagonal line of the vehicle.
  • the battery pack management device includes:
  • a battery pack transceiver unit configured to receive the depleted battery pack transported by the transport trolley, and output the full-charge battery pack to the transport trolley;
  • a battery pack charging unit for charging a depleted battery pack
  • a battery pack storage unit for storing a full battery pack and a depleted battery pack.
  • the battery pack management device further includes: a control unit, configured to control the battery transceiver unit to receive or output a battery pack, control the battery pack charging unit to charge the battery pack, and control the battery pack storage unit to store Battery pack.
  • a control unit configured to control the battery transceiver unit to receive or output a battery pack, control the battery pack charging unit to charge the battery pack, and control the battery pack storage unit to store Battery pack.
  • the battery pack management device further includes a battery exchange port, and receives the depleted battery pack and the output full battery pack through the battery exchange port.
  • the present invention has significant advantages and advantageous effects over the prior art. According to the above technical solution, the manual power changing system of the electric vehicle of the present invention can achieve considerable technical advancement and practicability, and has extensive industrial use value, and has at least the following advantages:
  • the parts of the manual power changing system of the invention are independently arranged and can be used separately.
  • the components are small in size, light in weight, easy to install and convenient to transport. Therefore, the whole system is simple in structure, reliable, easy to operate, easy to implement, and has good power exchange efficiency. High, modularization and miniaturization.
  • the manual power exchange system When the manual power exchange system is used for power exchange, it only occupies two parking spaces. It is suitable for various parking lots and most car maintenance stations. It can be widely used in various places. .
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a manual power exchange method of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a manual power changing system for an electric vehicle includes: a vehicle lift 1, a bolt assisting disassembly device 2, a battery pack management device 3, and a transfer trolley 4, wherein the vehicle lift 1 is used for Lifting the vehicle; the bolt assisting dismounting device 2 is for tightening or unscrewing the bolt; wherein the bolt assisting dismounting device 2 comprises one or more floor-standing robots; the battery pack management device 3 is disposed on one side of the vehicle lift 1 It is used to receive the depleted battery pack and to provide a full battery pack.
  • the transport trolley 4 is a walking device for transporting, exchanging and lifting the battery pack.
  • the depleted battery pack of the present invention refers to a battery pack that is detached from the vehicle during the power exchange process, and is not limited to a state in which the battery pack detached from the vehicle is completely depleted.
  • the full battery pack refers to the battery pack installed for the vehicle during the power exchange process, and is not limited to the battery pack installed in the vehicle is fully charged.
  • the electric vehicle of the present invention generally refers to a vehicle having a replaceable battery pack, and is not limited to a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
  • the vehicle lift 1 is a double column lift comprising a main frame structure 11, a support structure 12 and a lifting structure 13, wherein the lifting structure 13 is provided
  • the main body frame 11 is connected to the support structure 12, and the lifting structure 13 is used for lifting the vehicle to a preset height by lifting the support structure 12, and the preset height is the height from the ground when the vehicle of the manual power changing system is changed.
  • the height to be lifted is set to the height required for the vehicle according to the vehicle model, user habits, and the like.
  • the lifting structure 13 comprises a first lifting arm 14 and a second lifting arm 15; the lifting structure 13 can be a screw screw, a hydraulic cylinder or the like.
  • the support structure 12 is used to support a vehicle lifting point, including a first support structure 16 and a second support structure 17, the first support structure 16 is disposed on the first lift arm 14, and the second support structure 17 is disposed at On the second lifting arm 15.
  • the bolt-assisted disassembly device 2 includes two floor-standing robots 21 respectively disposed on corresponding bottom surfaces of one diagonal line of the vehicle for tightening or loosening the bolts to remove the depleted battery pack or Install a fully charged battery pack.
  • the bolt-assisted removal device 2 may include one or more floor-standing robots 21, and is not limited to the two floor-standing robots 21 shown in the example, and is not limited to the set position, and the bolt-assisted removal device 2 may be arranged as long as it is satisfied. Disassemble the battery pack.
  • the battery pack management device 3 includes a battery pack transceiver unit 31, a battery pack charging unit 32, a battery pack storage unit 33, and a control unit 34, wherein the battery pack transceiver unit 31 is configured to receive the transport of the transport trolley 4. Depleting the battery pack, and outputting the full battery pack to the transfer cart 4; the battery pack charging unit 32 is for charging the depleted battery pack; the battery pack storage unit 33 is for storing the full battery pack and the depleted battery pack.
  • the plurality of battery packs can be managed at the same time, so that the power exchange operation of the plurality of vehicles can be continuously and continuously performed, and the power exchange efficiency is high; and the control unit 34 is configured to control the battery transceiver unit 31 to receive or output the battery pack and control the battery.
  • the packet charging unit 32 charges the battery pack, and controls the battery pack storage unit 33 to store the battery pack.
  • the battery pack management device 3 further includes a battery exchange port 35 through which the defective battery pack transported by the transfer cart 4 is received, and the full battery pack is output to the transfer cart 4.
  • the operation method includes the following steps:
  • Step S11 placing each part of the manual power changing system in an initial position: placing the vehicle lift 1 in an initial state, that is, placing the first lifting arm 14 and the second lifting arm 15 on both sides of the vehicle area and lowering to a lowest position; The bolt assisting disassembly device 2 is placed on both sides of the vehicle area.
  • the vehicle area is the vehicle entering the preset parking position of the vehicle lift 1. After parking, waiting for the lifting arm to lift the vehicle, at this time, the vehicle is projected perpendicular to the plane of the vehicle.
  • the area to the bottom surface is the vehicle area.
  • Step S12 the car enters the vehicle lifter 1 below, places the lift arm at the vehicle lifting point, and starts the vehicle lifter 1 to raise the vehicle to a preset height;
  • Step S13 pushing the empty transport trolley 4 to the bottom of the vehicle
  • Step S14 moving the bolt assisting disassembly device 2 to the bolt at the bottom of the vehicle for fixing the battery pack, starting the tightening gun to remove the bolt until all the bolts are removed, and retracting the bolt assisting disassembly device 2 to the initial position;
  • Step S15 lowering the depleted battery pack, transporting the trolley 4 to transport the depleted battery pack to the second power exchange port 5, docking with the battery pack storage device 3, exchanging the battery pack, and transporting the full battery pack to the bottom of the vehicle, The transport trolley 4 carrying the new battery pack is pushed to the bottom of the vehicle;
  • the manual power-changing system of the invention is independently provided and can be used separately.
  • the components are small in size, light in weight, easy to install and convenient to transport. Therefore, the whole system is simple, reliable, easy to operate, easy to implement, and modularized. And miniaturization, the manual change system is suitable for all parking lots and most car repair station needs, and can be widely applied to a variety of places.
  • the power exchange worker operates the transfer trolley 4, the vehicle hoist 1 and the bolt detaching device 2, and the power exchange accuracy is high, and the method described in the present method is used. Manually change the power system, the power can be changed in a few minutes, and the power exchange efficiency is high.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动汽车的手动换电系统，系统包括：车辆举升机（1）、螺栓辅助拆卸装置（2）、电池包管理装置（3）以及转运小车（4）；其中，车辆举升机（1）用于举升车辆；螺栓辅助拆卸装置（2）用于拧紧或拧松螺栓；电池包管理装置（3）设置在车辆举升机（1）的一侧，用于接收亏电电池包以及提供满电电池包；转运小车（4）用于运输、交换和托举电池包。

Description

电动汽车的手动换电系统 技术领域
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
本发明涉及电动汽车的电池更换技术领域，尤其涉及一种电动汽车的手动换电系统。
背景技术
电动汽车可以通过存储在电池中的电能驱动交通工具行驶，减少了车辆对化石能源的依赖，是解决国家能源安全问题的一个重要手段。动力电池是电动汽车的核心，但是动力电池续航能力远不能与传统交通工具相比，因此，如何快速便捷为动力电池补充电能成电动汽车使用和推广的重要因素，而目前的电池充电技术无法实现像加油一样，几分钟内完成充电，因此，更换电池成为目前常用的电动汽车电能补充的方法。
现有的电动汽车产线AGV(指装备有电磁或光学等自动导引装置，能够沿规定的导引路径行驶，具有安全保护以及各种移载功能的运输车，工业应用中不需驾驶员的搬运车，以可充电之蓄电池为其动力来源。)小车手动换电系统由AGV行走小车和悬挂式汽车提升天车组成，AGV小车包括行走系统、剪刀举升平台和手动浮动拆卸装置，该系统AGV行走小车和汽车提升天车体积都比较大，而且需要室内施工搭建导轨和安全防护系统，从而具有成本很高、空间大、场地要求高和无法广泛分布等缺点。
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
发明内容
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种电动汽车的手动换电系统，所述手动换电系统分别由体积小、重量轻便、易安装、方便运输的各个部分组成，整个系统结构简单、安全可靠、操作容易，易实施，可广泛在各个场所推广。
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种电动汽车的手动换电系统，包括:车辆举升机、螺栓辅助拆卸装置、转运小车以及电池包管理装置；其中，
所述车辆举升机用于举升车辆；
所述螺栓辅助拆卸装置用于拧紧或拧松螺栓；
所述电池包管理装置设置在所述车辆举升机的一侧，用于接收亏电电池包以及提供满电电池包；
所述转运小车用于运输、交换和托举电池包。
进一步的，所述车辆举升机包括主体框架结构、支撑结构和举升结构；
其中，所述举升结构设于主体框架上，与所述支撑结构相连接；
所述支撑结构用于支撑车辆提升点；
所述举升结构用于通过举升支撑结构将车辆提升到第一预设高度，所述第一预设高度为车辆换电时距离地面的高度。
进一步的，所述举升结构包括第一提升臂和第二提升臂，所述支撑结构包括第一支撑结构和第二支撑结构，所述第一支撑结构设置在第一提升臂上，所述第二支撑结构设置在第二提升臂上。
进一步的，所述螺栓辅助拆卸装置包括一个或多个落地式机械手，所述落地式机械手包括拧紧枪，用于拧紧或拧松螺栓。
进一步的，所述螺栓辅助拆卸装置包括两个落地式机械手，分别设置在于车辆一条对角线两端对应的底面上。
进一步的，所述电池包管理装置包括：
电池包收发单元，用于接收所述转运小车输送的亏电电池包，以及将满电电池包输出给转运小车；
电池包充电单元，用于为亏电电池包进行充电；
电池包存储单元，用于存储满电电池包及亏电电池包。
进一步的，所述电池包管理装置还包括：控制单元，用于控制所述电池收发单元接收或输出电池包、控制所述电池包充电单元为电池包充电，以及控制所述电池包存储单元存储电池包。
进一步的，所述电池包管理装置还包括电池交换口，通过所述电池交换口接收亏电电池包以及输出满电电池包。
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
本发明与现有技术相比具有明显的优点和有益效果。借由上述技术方案，本发明一种电动汽车的手动换电系统可达到相当的技术进步性及实用性，并具有产业上的广泛利用价值，其至少具有下列优点：
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
本发明所述手动换电系统各部分独立设置，可单独使用，各组成部分体积小、重量轻便、易安装，方便运输，因此，整个系统结构简单、可靠、操作容易，易实施，换电效率高，实现了模块化和小型化，采用所述手动换电系统进行换电时，仅占用两个停车位空间，适用与各个停车场和大部分汽车维修站需求，可广泛适用于多种场所。
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举较佳实施例，并配合附图,详细说明如下。
附图说明
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
图1为本发明一实施例提供电动汽车的手动换电系统示意图；
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
图2为本发明一实施例提供的电动汽车的手动换电系统局部示意图；
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
图3为本发明一实施例提供的电动汽车的手动换电系统局部仰视图；
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
图4为本发明一实施例提供的电池包管理装置示意图；
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
图5为本发明一实施例提供的电动汽车的手动换电方法流程图。
主要附图标记说明：
1-车辆举升机 2-螺栓辅助拆卸装置 3-电池包管理装置 4-转运小车
具体实施方式
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效,以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本发明提出的一种电动汽车的手动换电系统的具体实施方式及其功效，详细说明如后。
一种电动汽车的手动换电系统，如附图1所示，包括:车辆举升机1，螺栓辅助拆卸装置2、电池包管理装置3和转运小车4，其中，车辆举升机1用于举升车辆；螺栓辅助拆卸装置2用于拧紧或拧松螺栓；其中，螺栓辅助拆卸装置2包括一个或多个落地式机械手；电池包管理装置3设置在所述车辆举升机1的一侧，用于接收亏电电池包以及提供满电电池包。转运小车4为行走装置，用于运输、交换和托举电池包。
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
需要说明的是，本发明亏电电池包指的是换电过程中从车辆上拆卸下来的电池包，并非限定从车辆上拆卸下来的电池包为完全亏电状态。同理，满电电池包指的是换电过程中为车辆安装的电池包，并非限定为车辆安装的电池包为完全满电状态。
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
本发明的电动汽车泛指具有可更换电池包的车辆，并不仅限定为纯电动汽车，也可以为混动汽车。
以下分别对所述手动换电系统的各组成部分进行详细的描述:
(一)车辆举升机
在一些实施例中，如图2和图3所示，车辆举升机1为双立柱举升机，包括主体框架结构11、支撑结构12和举升结构13，其中，举升结构13设于主体框架11上，与支撑结构12相连接，举升结构13用于通过举升支撑结构12将车辆提升到预设高度，预设高度为手动换电系统的车辆换电时距离地面的高度，所需提升的高度根据车辆型号、用户习惯等设定车辆所需提升的高度。其中，举升结构13包括第一提升臂14和第二提升臂15；举升结构13可为螺旋丝杆、液压缸等。
如图2所示，支撑结构12用于支撑车辆提升点，包括第一支撑结构16和第二支撑结构17，第一支撑结构16设置在第一提升臂14上，第二支撑结构17设置在第二提升臂15上。
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
使用双立柱举升机，既保证了将车辆平稳提升，也进一步节省了换电系统的占地空间。此外，采用上述双立柱举升机仅为本发明一个优选实施例，其他现有的双立柱举升机或其他可实现本发明的举升机，也可适用于此。
(二)螺栓辅助拆卸装置
在一些实施例中，螺栓辅助拆卸装置2包括两个落地式机械手21，分别设置在于车辆一条对角线两端对应的底面上，用于拧紧或拧松螺栓，从而取下亏电电池包或安装上满电电池包。螺栓辅助拆卸装置2可包括一个或多个落地式机械手21，并不限于示例中所示的包括两个落地式机械手21，也不限于设置的位置，螺栓辅助拆卸装置2的设置方式只要能满足拆卸电电池包即可。
(三)电池包管理装置
如图4所示，电池包管理装置3包括：电池包收发单元31，电池包充电单元32，电池包存储单元33和控制单元34，其中，电池包收发单元31用于接收转运小车4输送的亏电电池包，以及将满电电池包输出给转运小车4；电池包充电单元32用于为亏电电池包进行充电；电池包存储单元33用于存储满电电池包及亏电电池包，且可同时管理多个电池包，因此可连续不间断的完成多辆车的换电工作，换电效率高；控制单元34，用于控制所述电池收发单元31接收或输出电池包、控制电池包充电单元32为电池包充电，以及控制电池包存储单元33存储电池包。
如图1所示，电池包管理装置3还包括电池交换口35，通过所述电池交换口35接收转运小车4输送的亏电电池包，以及将满电电池包输出给转运小车4。
基于上述手动换电系统，如图5所示，在进行手动换电时，操作方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S11、将手动换电系统各部分置于初始位置：将车辆举升机1置于初始状态，即将第一提升臂14和第二提升臂15置于车辆区域两侧并降低至最低位置；将螺栓辅助拆卸装置2置于车辆区域两侧，车辆区域为车辆驶入车辆举升机1预设的停车位置，停车后，等待提升臂提升车辆，此时，车辆沿垂直于车平面方向投射到底面的区域即为车辆区域。
步骤S12、汽车驶入车辆举升机1下方，将提升臂置于车辆提升点处， 启动车辆举升机1将车辆提升至预设高度；
步骤S13、将空载的转运小车4推至车辆底部；
步骤S14、将螺栓辅助拆卸装置2移动至车辆底部用于固定电池包的螺栓处，启动拧紧枪拆下螺栓，直至所有螺栓被拆下，收回螺栓辅助拆卸装置2至初始位置；
步骤S15、降下亏电电池包，转运小车4将亏电电池包运至第二换电交换口5，与电池包存储装置3对接，交换电池包，将满电电池包运至车辆底部，将运载新电池包的转运小车4推至车辆底部；
将螺栓辅助拆卸装置2移动至车辆底部用于固定电池包的螺栓处，启动拧紧枪拧紧螺栓，直至所有螺栓被拧紧，完成手动换电，收回螺栓辅助拆卸装置2至初始位置。
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
本发明的手动换电系统各部分独立设置，可单独使用，各组成部分体积小、重量轻便、易安装，方便运输，因此，整个系统结构简单、可靠、操作容易，易实施，实现了模块化和小型化，手动换系统适用与各个停车场和大部分汽车维修站需求，可广泛适用于多种场所。采用本发明所述手动换电系统进行换电的过程中，换电工作人员通过操作转运小车4、车辆提升机1以及螺栓拆卸装置2，换电准确度高，使用本法买那个所述的手动换电系统置，几分钟即可完成换电，换电效率高。
[根据细则91更正 21.09.2018]　
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种电动汽车的手动换电系统，其特征在于：包括:车辆举升机、螺栓辅助拆卸装置、转运小车以及电池包储存平台；其中，
    所述车辆举升机用于举升车辆；
    所述螺栓辅助拆卸装置用于拧紧或拧松螺栓；
    所述电池包管理装置设置在所述车辆举升机的一侧，用于接收亏电电池包以及提供满电电池包；
    所述转运小车用于运输、交换和托举电池包。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的手动换电系统，其特征在于：
    所述车辆举升机包括主体框架结构、支撑结构和举升结构；
    其中，所述举升结构设于主体框架上，与所述支撑结构相连接；
    所述支撑结构用于支撑车辆提升点；
    所述举升结构用于通过举升支撑结构将车辆提升到第一预设高度，所述第一预设高度为车辆换电时距离地面的高度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电动汽车的手动换电系统，其特征在于：
    所述举升结构包括第一提升臂和第二提升臂，所述支撑结构包括第一支撑结构和第二支撑结构，所述第一支撑结构设置在第一提升臂上，所述第二支撑结构设置在第二提升臂上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的手动换电系统，其特征在于：
    所述螺栓辅助拆卸装置包括一个或多个落地式机械手，所述落地式机械手包括拧紧枪，用于拧紧或拧松螺栓。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电动汽车的手动换电系统，其特征在于：
    所述螺栓辅助拆卸装置包括两个落地式机械手，分别设置在于车辆一条对角线两端对应的底面上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的手动换电系统，其特征在于：
    所述电池包管理装置包括：
    电池包收发单元，用于接收所述转运小车输送的亏电电池包，以及将满电电池包输出给转运小车；
    电池包充电单元，用于为亏电电池包进行充电；
    电池包存储单元，用于存储满电电池包及亏电电池包。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电动汽车的手动换电系统，其特征在于：
    所述电池包管理装置还包括：控制单元，用于控制所述电池收发单元接收或输出电池包、控制所述电池包充电单元为电池包充电，以及控制所述电池包存储单元存储电池包。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电动汽车的手动换电系统，其特征在于：
    所述电池包管理装置还包括电池交换口，通过所述电池交换口接收亏电电池包以及输出满电电池包。
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