WO2019056641A1 - 一种转向架构架及具有该转向架构架的转向架 - Google Patents

一种转向架构架及具有该转向架构架的转向架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019056641A1
WO2019056641A1 PCT/CN2017/119258 CN2017119258W WO2019056641A1 WO 2019056641 A1 WO2019056641 A1 WO 2019056641A1 CN 2017119258 W CN2017119258 W CN 2017119258W WO 2019056641 A1 WO2019056641 A1 WO 2019056641A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bogie frame
socket
connecting portion
bogie
lower cover
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/119258
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李国栋
周殿买
韩庆利
赵文学
梁微
范军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
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CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710852362.7A external-priority patent/CN107554546B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201721202610.5U external-priority patent/CN207225371U/zh
Application filed by CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd filed Critical CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
Priority to EP17926005.4A priority Critical patent/EP3620345A4/en
Publication of WO2019056641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019056641A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/02—Types of bogies with more than one axle
    • B61F3/04—Types of bogies with more than one axle with driven axles or wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of bogie technology, and more particularly to a bogie frame and a bogie provided with the above bogie frame.
  • the bogie In rail vehicles, the bogie is an important part of it.
  • the bogie is the direct bearer of vehicle traction, braking force, vehicle load and external force of the rail. It plays a vital role in the running quality of the vehicle and the safety of passenger transportation.
  • the beam and the side beam are the main load-bearing components, and the beam is laterally welded between the side beams and connected to the left and right side beams as a rigid whole.
  • the beam can be divided into a circular tubular beam and a box beam welded by a plate.
  • a round tubular beam it is usually necessary to arrange two parallel beams.
  • a box beam it can be a whole beam.
  • the structural strength of the beam and the side members and the strength of the connection between the two have a significant impact on the overall strength of the bogie frame.
  • the two ends of the box beam and the side members are usually connected by providing a transition piece.
  • a connection method When such a connection method is connected, the welding quality is low, the connection reliability is poor, the damage is easy, the process is not good, and there are defects such as large occupied space, large processing amount, and inconvenient installation.
  • the secondary dampers in the existing bogie are generally installed between the side girders and the bolsters and outside the side girders, which are far away from the center line of the vehicle body and are generated by the rotation of the vehicle body during operation.
  • the upper and lower strokes are large, which will affect the service life of the secondary damper and even damage in severe cases.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a bogie frame which not only facilitates welding connection when paired, but also has high reliability and stability of the welded connection, and can also be in the inner side of the side beam. Provides sufficient mounting space for other components to increase the flexibility of the bogie frame design.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a bogie including the above-mentioned bogie frame, the bogie frame not only facilitates welding connection when paired, but also has high reliability and stability of the welded connection, and can also be used in the side beam.
  • the inside area provides sufficient mounting space for other components to increase the flexibility of the bogie frame design.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a bogie frame comprising two side beams and a beam fixed between the two side beams, the beam and the side beam are box beams, the beams are H-shaped, two of them
  • the connecting portions of the end are respectively inclined toward the lateral center line thereof;
  • the inner side of the side beam is provided with a socket formed by the upper cover and the lower cover;
  • the upper cover of each connecting portion of the beam and the corresponding side beam The portions of the upper cover plate forming the sockets are butted against each other, and the lower cover plates of the connecting portions of the beam are butted against the portions of the side beam lower cover plate forming the socket;
  • the connecting portions of the beams The outer risers extend beyond the ends of the upper and lower cover plates and are inserted into the side members from the corresponding sockets to be interconnected with the side members.
  • the upper cover and the lower cover of the side beam corresponding to the cross beam extend inwardly to form the socket corresponding to each connecting portion of the beam.
  • an end surface of the upper cover plate of the side sill forming the socket is adapted to an upper end surface of the corresponding beam connecting portion, and the lower cover of the side sill forms the The end face of the position of the socket is adapted to the corresponding lower end face of the beam connection.
  • the outer riser of the connecting portion is a concave curved plate.
  • the outer vertical plate of the connecting portion is a first straight plate segment inserted into the corresponding socket, a second straight plate segment extending from a middle portion of the beam and obliquely gathered toward a lateral center line thereof, And forming a transitional arc segment disposed between the first straight segment and the second straight segment.
  • the outer risers of the connecting portions of the beam are inserted into the side members by the corresponding sockets and are simultaneously welded to the upper cover, the lower cover and the vertical plates of the side members.
  • the side sill is a U-shaped structural beam that is concave in the middle, and the socket is disposed at a concave position of the side sill.
  • the outer side of the outer vertical plate of the beam connecting portion is provided with a two-line vertical damper seat, and the bolster beam is disposed at a position directly above the two vertical damper seats for connecting two It is the connection part of the top of the vertical damper.
  • each connecting portion of the beam and the portion corresponding to the socket formed on the side cover of the side beam are in the same plane and abut each other, and the lower cover and the corresponding portion of each connecting portion of the beam
  • the portions of the side sill lower cover forming the socket are in the same plane and are butted against each other.
  • a bogie comprising a bogie frame, the bogie frame being a bogie frame as claimed in any of the preceding claims.
  • the beam is directly connected with the side beam, and there is no need to provide a transition joint in the prior art, so that the bogie frame not only facilitates the welding connection in the pairing, but also has high reliability and stability of the welding connection.
  • the connecting ends of the two ends of the beam are respectively inclined obliquely toward the transverse centerline of the beam, it can provide sufficient installation space for other components in the inner region of the side beam, thereby improving the flexibility of the design of the steering frame;
  • the side beams are arranged as box beams, which helps to reduce the overall weight of the frame and save materials.
  • the bogie including the above-mentioned bogie frame has the bogie frame not only convenient for welding connection when paired, but also has high reliability and stability of the welded connection, and can also be other components in the inner side of the side beam. Provides sufficient installation space to increase the flexibility of the bogie frame design.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing the structure of a steering frame of an electric car provided by the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a rear view structural view of a steering frame of an electric car provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a steering frame of an electric car provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the steering frame of the motor car provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a side view of the steering frame of the motor car provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a motor car bogie provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a front view showing the structure of a trailer bogie frame provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a trailer bogie provided by the present invention.
  • the core of the invention is to provide a bogie frame which not only facilitates the welding connection in the pairing, but also has high reliability and stability of the welding connection, and can also provide other components in the inner region of the side beam. Sufficient installation space to increase the flexibility of the bogie frame design.
  • Another core of the present invention is to provide a bogie including the above-mentioned bogie frame, the bogie frame not only facilitates the welding connection when paired, but also has high reliability and stability of the welded connection, and can also be used in the side beam.
  • the inside area provides sufficient mounting space for other components to increase the flexibility of the bogie frame design.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a steering frame of an electric car provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a bogie bogie provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a front view of a trailer bogie frame provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a rear view of the rack.
  • two side members 2 and a cross member 1 fixed between the side members 2 are integrally formed, and the beam 1 and the side members 2 may specifically form an H-shaped structure.
  • the beam 1 and the side beam 2 are box beams, and the outer peripheral walls of the beam 1 and the side beam 2 are surrounded by an upper cover, a lower cover and a vertical plate.
  • the beam 1 is H-shaped, and the connecting portions of the two ends of the beam 1 are respectively inclined obliquely toward the transverse center line of the beam 1, that is, in the vehicle width direction, two ends of the beam 1 respectively form two branches for connecting the side beams 2.
  • the vertical plate of each of the branches of the beam 1 may include an inner vertical plate disposed adjacent to the lateral center line of the beam 1 and an outer vertical plate disposed away from the transverse center line of the beam 1
  • the arrangement of the inner vertical plate can improve the overall strength of the bogie frame.
  • the connecting portions of the beam 1 and the middle portion of the side sill 2 form an opening shape, and the opening can provide sufficient space to realize the inner vertical plate and the beam 1. Welding of the upper and lower covers of the side members 2.
  • the inner side of the side sill 2 is provided with a socket 21 formed by an upper cover and a lower cover of the side sill 2.
  • the upper cover of each connecting portion of the beam 1 and the portion of the upper cover of the corresponding side member 2 forming the socket 21 are abutted against each other, and the lower cover of each connecting portion of the beam 1 and the lower cover of the corresponding side member 2 form a socket 21
  • the parts are connected to each other.
  • the outer vertical plates of the connecting portions of the beam 1 extend beyond the ends of the upper cover and the lower cover of the beam 1, that is, in the direction of the vehicle width, the outer vertical plates of the beam 1 protrude beyond the upper cover and the lower cover .
  • the outer riser ends of the respective connecting portions of the beam 1 are inserted into the side members 2 from the corresponding sockets 21 and are connected to the side members 2.
  • the cross member 1 and the side sill 2 can be specifically fixed by welding.
  • the cross member 1 and the side members 2 of the truck frame can be arranged in the above manner, and the beam 1 and the side members 2 of the trailer bogie frame can also be arranged in the above manner.
  • the beam 1 is directly connected to the side beam 2, and there is no need to provide a transition piece in the prior art, so that the bogie frame not only facilitates the welding connection in the pairing, but also has high reliability and stability of the welding connection.
  • the connecting portions of the two ends of the beam 1 are respectively inclined obliquely toward the transverse center line of the beam 1, the installation space can be provided for other components in the inner region of the side beam 2, thereby improving the flexibility of the design of the bogie frame;
  • the beam 1 and the side beam 2 are arranged as a box beam, which is beneficial to reduce the overall weight of the frame and save materials.
  • the upper cover and the lower cover of the side beam 2 corresponding to the cross member 1 extend inwardly to form a socket 21 corresponding to each connecting portion of the beam 1. That is, in a position where the side sill 2 is provided with the socket 21, the upper and lower covers of the side sill 2 extend in the direction of the other side sill 2, thereby facilitating the group between the beam 1 and the side sill 2
  • a part of the structure is separately extended on the upper cover of the side sill 2 to connect the beam 1, which can prevent the beam 1 from occupying the space used for connecting the other components on the side sill 2, thereby preventing other parts of the side sill 2 Interference with the group pair process.
  • the end surface of the upper cover of the side member 2 at the position where the socket 21 is formed is adapted to the end surface of the upper cover of the corresponding cross member 1, and the socket 21 is formed on the lower cover of the side member 2.
  • the end face of the position is adapted to the end face of the lower cover of the joint of the corresponding cross member 1.
  • the matching refers to the corresponding shape and the two can be completely seamlessly joined, for example, the upper cover of the upper cover and the lower cover of each connecting portion of the beam 1 is a straight surface, and the upper cover on the side beam 2
  • the end faces of the plate and the lower cover forming the socket 21 are also flat faces having the same area, shape, and inclination angle. This arrangement ensures that the edge of the joint between the beam 1 and the side beam 2 is smooth, the connection is reliable, and the material is saved.
  • the outer vertical plate of the connecting portion may specifically be a concave curved plate, and the inner concave refers to being recessed toward the transverse center line of the beam 1 to further enlarge the available space in the bogie frame, and at the same time, reduce The stress concentration at the joint of the small beam 1 and the side beam 2 increases the joint strength.
  • the connecting portion of the beam 1 can be designed in a variable cross section to reduce the stress concentration at the joint of the beam 1 and the side beam 2.
  • the outer vertical plate of the connecting portion may be a first straight plate segment inserted into the corresponding socket 21, a second straight plate segment extending from the middle of the beam 1 and obliquely gathered toward the transverse centerline of the beam 1, and a setting A transitional arc segment is formed between the first straight section and the second straight section. That is, the outer vertical plates of the connecting portion of the beam 1 are, in order from the center to the outer side, in the direction of the vehicle width, a second straight plate segment, a transitional curved plate segment and a first straight plate segment.
  • This arrangement is convenient for processing, and in particular, the portion inserted into the inside of the side sill 2 is arranged in a straight shape to facilitate the determination of the orientation of the connection.
  • the outer vertical plate of the connecting portion of the beam 1 may be an integrally formed piece, including a second straight plate segment, a transitional curved plate segment and a first straight plate segment three-part structure, or the outer side of the connecting portion of the beam 1
  • the plates can be joined by segment welding.
  • the outer vertical plates of the connecting portions of the beam 1 can be inserted into the side sills 2 by the corresponding sockets 21, and simultaneously welded to the upper cover, the lower cover and the vertical plates of the side sills 2 to ensure The reliability of the connection between the beam 1 and the side sill 2.
  • the length of the outer riser of the connecting portion of the beam 1 can also be determined in other ways according to actual conditions.
  • the side sill 2 may be a U-shaped structural beam that is concave in the middle, and the recessed structure may provide a mounting structure for each component, and the socket 21 may be disposed at a recessed position of the side sill 2.
  • Such an arrangement can ensure the overall strength of the bogie frame, and at the same time increase the length value of the connection between the beam 1 and the side beam 2 in the vehicle length direction as much as possible, and ensure the connection area of the beam 1 and the side beam 2.
  • the outer side of the outer vertical plate of the connecting portion of the beam 1 is provided with a two-stage vertical damper holder 3, and the position of the bolster 4 corresponding to the upper side of the second-line vertical damper holder 3 can be set.
  • This arrangement can make full use of the available space inside the bogie frame while reducing the rotation stroke while ensuring the vibration damping effect.
  • the two ends of the beam 1 in the vehicle width direction may each be provided with a two-stage vertical damper holder 3.
  • the beam 1 and the side beam 2 may be specifically formed by welding the pair of castings.
  • a certain number of partitions may be provided in the beam 1 and the side sill 2 as needed to further increase the torsional strength of the frame.
  • weight-reducing holes can be provided on the partition to minimize the overall weight of the bogie frame and save material while meeting the strength requirements of the bogie frame.
  • the upper cover of each connecting portion of the beam 1 and the portion of the upper side cover of the corresponding side beam 2 forming the socket 21 may be in the same plane and abut each other, and the lower cover of each connecting portion of the beam 1 corresponds to Portions of the side cover 2 forming the socket 21 on the lower cover plate may be in the same plane and abut each other.
  • the connection position of the beam 1 and the side beam 2 is flat, and it is convenient to provide other components thereon.
  • the upper cover plate of each connecting portion of the beam 1 and the portion of the upper side plate of the corresponding side beam 2 forming the socket 21 may also have a certain height difference, and the lower cover plate of each connecting portion of the beam 1 and the corresponding side beam 2 are lower.
  • the portion of the cover plate on which the socket 21 is formed may also have a certain height difference.
  • the present invention also provides a bogie including the bogie frame disclosed in the above embodiment, the bogie frame not only facilitates the welding connection in the pairing, but also has high reliability and stability of the welding connection. Well, it is also able to provide sufficient installation space for other components in the inner side of the side members, thereby improving the flexibility of the bogie design. Please refer to the prior art for the structure of other parts of the bogie, and no further description is provided herein.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

一种转向架构架，包括两个侧梁（2）和一个固定设于两个侧梁（2）之间的横梁（1），横梁（1）与侧梁（2）均为箱体梁，横梁（1）呈H形，其两端的连接部分别向其横向中心线斜向收拢；侧梁（2）内侧设有由其上盖板和下盖板形成的承插口（21）；横梁（1）各连接部的上盖板与对应侧梁（2）上盖板上形成承插口（21）的部分相互对接，横梁（1）各连接部的下盖板与对应侧梁（2）下盖板上形成承插口（21）的部分相互对接；横梁（1）各连接部的外侧立板超出其上盖板和下盖板的端部并从对应的承插口（21）插入侧梁（2）内与侧梁（2）相互连接。该转向架构架便于在组对时进行焊接连接，焊接连接的可靠性高、稳定性好，且在侧梁（2）的内侧区域为其他部件提供足够的安装空间。还包括一种包括上述转向架构架的转向架。

Description

一种转向架构架及具有该转向架构架的转向架
本申请要求于2017年9月19日提交中国专利局的申请号为201710852362.7、发明名称为“一种转向架构架及具有该转向架构架的转向架法”，申请号为201721202610.5、发明名称为“一种转向架构架及具有该转向架构架的转向架”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及转向架技术领域，更具体地说，尤其涉及一种转向架构架及设有上述转向架构架的转向架。
背景技术
在轨道车辆中，转向架是其重要组成部分，转向架是车辆牵引力、制动力、车辆载荷和轨道外力的直接承受者，对车辆的运行品质和乘客运输安全起着至关重要的作用。
在转向架的构架中，横梁与侧梁是主要的承载部件，横梁横向焊接在侧梁之间，与左右侧梁连接为一个刚性的整体。横梁可分为圆管形横梁和由板材焊接而成的箱型横梁，当采用圆管形横梁时，通常需要布置两根平行的横梁，当采用箱型横梁时，其可以是一个整体的横梁；显然，横梁与侧梁的结构强度及两者之间的连接强度对转向架构架的整体强度具有重大影响。
目前，箱型横梁的两端与侧梁之间通常通过设置过渡连接件进行连接。此种连接方式进行连接时，焊接质量低，连接可靠性差，容易损坏，工艺性不好，还存在占用空间较大、加工量较大、不便于安装等缺陷。
此外，现有转向架中的二系垂向减振器一般都安装在侧梁与枕梁之间且位于侧梁外侧，距离车体中心线距离较远，在工作时因车体转动而产生的上下行程较大，会影响二系垂向减振器的使用寿命，严重时甚至发生损坏。
因此，如何克服现有转向架存在的缺陷，是本领域技术人员目前需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种转向架构架，该转向架构架不仅便于在组对时进行焊接连接，而且焊接连接的可靠性高、稳定性好，还能够在侧梁的内侧区域为其他部件提供足够的安装空间，从而提高转向架构架设计的灵活性。本发明的另一目的是提供一种包括上述转向架构架的转向架，其转向架构架不仅便于在组对时进行焊接连接，而且焊接连接的可靠性高、稳定性好，还能够在侧梁的内侧区域为其他部件提供足够的安装空间，从而提高转向架构架设计的灵活性。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种转向架构架，包括两个侧梁和一个固定设于两个所述侧梁之间的横梁，所述横梁与所述侧梁均为箱体梁，所述横梁呈H形，其两端的连接部分别向其横向中心线斜向收拢；所述侧梁内侧设有由其上盖板和下盖板形成的承插口；所述横梁各连接部的上盖板与对应所述侧梁上盖板上形成所述承插口的部分相互对接，所述横梁各连接部的下盖板与对应所述侧梁下盖板上形成所述承插口的部分相互对接；所述横梁各连接部的外侧立板超出其上盖板和下盖板的端部并从对应的所述承插口插入所述侧梁内与所述侧梁相互连接。
优选地，所述侧梁上与横梁对应连接处的上盖板和下盖板向内延伸，形成与所述横梁各连接部相对应的所述承插口。
优选地，所述侧梁的上盖板上形成所述承插口的位置的端面与对应的所述横梁连接部的上盖板端面相适配，所述侧梁的下盖板上形成所述承插口的位置的端面与对应的所述横梁连接部的下盖板端面相适配。
优选地，所述连接部的外侧立板为内凹的弧形板。
优选地，所述连接部的外侧立板由插入于对应的所述承插口内的第一直板段、从所述横梁中部延伸出并向其横向中心线斜向收拢的第二直板段、以及设于所述第一直板段与所述第二直板段之间的过渡弧形板段形成。
优选地，所述横梁各连接部的外侧立板由对应的所述承插口插入于所述侧梁并同时与所述侧梁的上盖板、下盖板和立板焊接连接。
优选地，所述侧梁为中部下凹的U形结构梁，所述承插口设于所述侧梁的下凹位置。
优选地，所述横梁连接部的外侧立板的外侧设有二系垂向减振器座，枕梁上对应于所述二系垂向减振器座的正上方的位置设有用于连接二系垂向减振器的顶部的连接部。
优选地，所述横梁各连接部的上盖板与对应所述侧梁上盖板上形成所述承插口的部分处于同一平面并相互对接，所述横梁各连接部的下盖板与对应所述侧梁下盖板上形成所述承插口的部分处于同一平面并相互对接。
一种转向架，包括转向架构架，所述转向架构架为如上述任意一项所述的转向架构架。
本发明提供的转向架构架中，横梁与侧梁直接连接，无需设置现有技术中的过渡连接件，使转向架构架不仅便于在组对时进行焊接连接，而且焊接连接的可靠性高、稳定性好；由于横梁的两端的连接部分别向横梁的横向中心线斜向收拢，能够在侧梁的内侧区域为其他部件提供足够的安装空间，从而提高转向架构架设计的灵活性；将横梁与侧梁设置为箱体梁，有利于减轻构架的整体重量，节约材料。
本发明提供的包括上述转向架构架的转向架，其转向架构架不仅便于在组对时进行焊接连接，而且焊接连接的可靠性高、稳定性好，还能够在侧梁的内侧区域为其他部件提供足够的安装空间，从而提高转向架构架设计的灵活性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明所提供动车转向架构架的主视结构示意图；
图2为图1中的A处放大图；
图3为本发明所提供动车转向架构架的后视结构示意图；
图4为本发明所提供动车转向架构架的俯视图；
图5为本发明所提供动车转向架构架的正视图；
图6为本发明所提供动车转向架构架的侧视图；
图7为本发明所提供动车转向架的结构示意图；
图8为本发明所提供拖车转向架构架的主视结构示意图；
图9为本发明所提供拖车转向架的结构示意图。
图1至图9中，1-横梁，2-侧梁，21-承插口，3-二系垂向减振器座，4-枕梁，5-二系垂向减振器。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的核心是提供一种转向架构架，该转向架构架不仅便于在组对时进行焊接连接，而且焊接连接的可靠性高、稳定性好，还能够在侧梁的内侧区域为其他部件提供足够的安装空间，从而提高转向架构架设计的灵活性。本发明的另一核心是提供一种包括上述转向架构架的转向架，其转向架构架不仅便于在组对时进行焊接连接，而且焊接连接的可靠性高、稳定性好，还能够在侧梁的内侧区域为其他部件提供足够的安装空间，从而提高转向架构架设计的灵活性。
请参考图1至图9，图1为本发明所提供动车转向架构架的主视结构示意图；图2为图1中的A处放大图；图3至图6依次为本发明所提供动车转向架构架的后视结构示意图、俯视图、正视图以及侧视图；图7为本发明所提供动车转向架的结构示意图；图8为本发明所提供拖车转向架构架的主视结构示意图；图9为本发明所提供拖车转向架的结构示意图。
本发明所提供转向架构架的一种具体实施例中，包括两个侧梁2和一个固定设于两个侧梁2之间的横梁1，横梁1与侧梁2具体可以形成H形 结构。横梁1与侧梁2均为箱体梁，横梁1与侧梁2的外周壁均由上盖板、下盖板和立板围成。
横梁1呈H形，横梁1的两端的连接部分别向横梁1的横向中心线斜向收拢，即在车宽方向上，横梁1的两端均分别形成两个用于连接侧梁2的分支，由于横梁1呈H形，横梁1各连接部中的每个分支的立板中均可以包括靠近横梁1的横向中心线设置的内侧立板和远离横梁1的横向中心线设置的外侧立板，内侧立板的设置能够提高转向架构架的整体强度，同时，横梁1各连接部与侧梁2的中部形成开口形状，该开口处可以提供足够的空间以实现该内侧立板与横梁1、侧梁2的上、下盖板的焊接。
侧梁2的内侧设有由该侧梁2的上盖板和下盖板形成的承插口21。横梁1的各连接部的上盖板与对应侧梁2上盖板上形成承插口21的部分相互对接，横梁1各连接部的下盖板与对应侧梁2下盖板上形成承插口21的部分相互对接。
横梁1各连接部的外侧立板超出横梁1的上盖板和下盖板的端部，即在车宽方向上，横梁1的外侧立板伸出于其上盖板、下盖板之外。横梁1各连接部的外侧立板端部从对应的承插口21插入侧梁2内与侧梁2相互连接。
横梁1与侧梁2具体可以通过焊接方式实现固定连接。动车转向架构架的横梁1与侧梁2可以按照上述方式进行设置，拖车转向架构架的横梁1与侧梁2也可以按照上述方式进行设置。
此种转向架构架中，横梁1与侧梁2直接连接，无需设置现有技术中的过渡连接件，使转向架构架不仅便于在组对时进行焊接连接，而且焊接连接的可靠性高、稳定性好；由于横梁1的两端的连接部分别向横梁1的横向中心线斜向收拢，能够在侧梁2的内侧区域为其他部件提供足够的安装空间，从而提高转向架构架设计的灵活性；将横梁1与侧梁2设置为箱体梁，有利于减轻构架的整体重量，节约材料。
上述实施例中，侧梁2上与横梁1对应连接处的上盖板与下盖板向内延伸，形成与横梁1各连接部相对应的承插口21。即，在一个侧梁2设置承插口21的位置，该侧梁2的上盖板与下盖板是朝向另一侧梁2的方向延伸的，从而便于横梁1与侧梁2之间的组对过程的进行，同时，在侧梁2 上盖板上单独延伸出一部分结构来连接横梁1，可以防止横梁1占用侧梁2上连接其他部件所用的空间，从而可以防止侧梁2的其他部位对组对过程产生干涉。
上述各个实施例中，侧梁2的上盖板上形成承插口21的位置的端面与对应的横梁1连接部的上盖板端面相适配，侧梁2的下盖板上形成承插口21的位置的端面与对应横梁1连接部的下盖板端面相适配。其中，相适配指的是形状相应且两者可以完全无缝接合，以横梁1每个连接部的上盖板与下盖板的端面均为平直面为例，侧梁2上的上盖板与下盖板上形成承插口21处的端面也为面积相同、形状以及倾斜角度相对应的平直面。此种设置方式可以保证横梁1与侧梁2的连接处的边缘较为平滑，连接可靠，且有利于节约材料。
上述各个实施例中，连接部的外侧立板具体可以为内凹的弧形板，内凹指的是朝向横梁1横向中心线凹陷，以进一步扩大转向架构架中的可利用空间，同时，减小横梁1、侧梁2连接处的应力集中，提高连接强度。其中，横梁1的连接部可以进行变截面设计，以减少横梁1、侧梁2连接处的应力集中。
又或者，连接部的外侧立板可以由插入于对应的承插口21内的第一直板段、从横梁1中部延伸出并向横梁1的横向中心线斜向收拢的第二直板段以及设置在第一直板段与第二直板段之间的过渡弧形板段形成。即，在横梁1的连接部的外侧立板沿车宽的方向由中部向外依次是第二直板段、过渡弧形板段和第一直板段。此种设置方式便于加工，特别是将插入于侧梁2内部的部分设置为直板状可便于确定连接的方位。
具体地，横梁1的连接部的外侧立板可以为一体成型件，包括第二直板段、过渡弧形板段和第一直板段三部分结构，又或者，横梁1的连接部的外侧立板可以采用分段焊接的方式连接成型。
上述各个实施例中，横梁1各连接部的外侧立板可以由对应的承插口21插入于侧梁2，并同时与侧梁2的上盖板、下盖板和立板焊接连接，以保证横梁1与侧梁2之间连接的可靠性。当然，也可以根据实际情况按其他方式确定横梁1连接部的外侧立板长度。
上述各个实施例中，侧梁2可以为中部下凹的U形结构梁，下凹式结 构可以为各零部件提供安装结构，承插口21可以设置在侧梁2的下凹位置。此种设置方式可以保证转向架构架的整体强度，同时尽可能增加横梁1上与侧梁2的连接处在车长方向上的长度值，保证横梁1与侧梁2的连接面积。
上述各个实施例中，横梁1连接部的外侧立板的外侧设有二系垂向减振器座3，枕梁4上对应于二系垂向减振器座3的正上方的位置可以设有用于连接二系垂向减振器5的顶部的连接部。此种设置方式可以在保证减振效果的同时，充分利用转向架构架内部的可利用空间，减小转动行程。具体地，横梁1在车宽方向上的两个端部可以各设一个二系垂向减振器座3。
上述各个实施例中，横梁1与侧梁2具体可以为铸件组对后焊接而成。其中，横梁1与侧梁2内可以根据需要设有一定数量的隔板，以进一步增加构架的抗扭转强度。另外，隔板上可以设置减重孔，以便在满足转向架构架强度要求的同时尽可能减轻转向架构架的整体重量，节约材料。
上述各个实施例中，横梁1的各连接部的上盖板与对应侧梁2上盖板上形成承插口21的部分可以处于同一平面并相互对接，横梁1各连接部的下盖板与对应侧梁2下盖板上形成承插口21的部分可以处于同一平面并相互对接。在横梁1与侧梁2的连接位置为平面，可以为其上设置其他部件提供便利。当然，横梁1的各连接部的上盖板与对应侧梁2上盖板上形成承插口21的部分也可以具有一定的高度差，横梁1各连接部的下盖板与对应侧梁2下盖板上形成承插口21的部分也可以具有一定的高度差。
除了上述转向架构架，本发明还提供了一种包括上述实施例公开的转向架构架的转向架，其转向架构架不仅便于在组对时进行焊接连接，而且焊接连接的可靠性高、稳定性好，还能够在侧梁的内侧区域为其他部件提供足够的安装空间，从而提高转向架构架设计的灵活性。该转向架的其他各部分的结构请参考现有技术，本文不再赘述。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使 用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种转向架构架，包括两个侧梁(2)和一个固定设于两个所述侧梁(2)之间的横梁(1)，所述横梁(1)与所述侧梁(2)均为箱体梁，其特征在于，所述横梁(1)呈H形，其两端的连接部分别向其横向中心线斜向收拢；所述侧梁(2)内侧设有由其上盖板和下盖板形成的承插口(21)；所述横梁(1)各连接部的上盖板与对应所述侧梁(2)上盖板上形成所述承插口(21)的部分相互对接，所述横梁(1)各连接部的下盖板与对应所述侧梁(2)下盖板上形成所述承插口(21)的部分相互对接；所述横梁(1)各连接部的外侧立板超出其上盖板和下盖板的端部并从对应的所述承插口(21)插入所述侧梁(2)内与所述侧梁(2)相互连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架构架，其特征在于，所述侧梁(2)上与横梁(1)对应连接处的上盖板和下盖板向内延伸，形成与所述横梁(1)各连接部相对应的所述承插口(21)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转向架构架，其特征在于，所述侧梁(2)的上盖板上形成所述承插口(21)的位置的端面与对应的所述横梁(1)连接部的上盖板端面相适配，所述侧梁(2)的下盖板上形成所述承插口(21)的位置的端面与对应的所述横梁(1)连接部的下盖板端面相适配。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的转向架构架，其特征在于，所述连接部的外侧立板为内凹的弧形板。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的转向架构架，其特征在于，所述连接部的外侧立板由插入于对应的所述承插口(21)内的第一直板段、从所述横梁(1)中部延伸出并向其横向中心线斜向收拢的第二直板段、以及设于所述第一直板段与所述第二直板段之间的过渡弧形板段形成。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架构架，其特征在于，所述横梁(1)各连接部的外侧立板由对应的所述承插口(21)插入于所述侧梁(2)并同时与所述侧梁(2)的上盖板、下盖板和立板焊接连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架构架，其特征在于，所述侧梁(2)为中部下凹的U形结构梁，所述承插口(21)设于所述侧梁(2)的下凹位置。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任意一项所述的转向架构架，其特征在于，所 述横梁(1)连接部的外侧立板的外侧设有二系垂向减振器座(3)，枕梁(4)上对应于所述二系垂向减振器座(3)的正上方的位置设有用于连接二系垂向减振器(5)的顶部的连接部。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7任意一项所述的转向架构架，其特征在于，所述横梁(1)各连接部的上盖板与对应所述侧梁(2)上盖板上形成所述承插口(21)的部分处于同一平面并相互对接，所述横梁(1)各连接部的下盖板与对应所述侧梁(2)下盖板上形成所述承插口(21)的部分处于同一平面并相互对接。
  10. 一种转向架，包括转向架构架，其特征在于，所述转向架构架为权利要求1至9任意一项所述的转向架构架。
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