WO2019061896A1 - 一种孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片及切削刀具 - Google Patents

一种孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片及切削刀具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019061896A1
WO2019061896A1 PCT/CN2017/118302 CN2017118302W WO2019061896A1 WO 2019061896 A1 WO2019061896 A1 WO 2019061896A1 CN 2017118302 W CN2017118302 W CN 2017118302W WO 2019061896 A1 WO2019061896 A1 WO 2019061896A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
groove
circular arc
cutting insert
shaped
sides
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/118302
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江爱胜
王社权
汤爱民
薛俊波
项兴东
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co Ltd filed Critical Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co Ltd
Priority to US16/650,857 priority Critical patent/US11446744B2/en
Priority to EP17927009.5A priority patent/EP3674021B1/en
Publication of WO2019061896A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019061896A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
    • B23B27/1603—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with specially shaped plate-like exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. chip-breaking groove
    • B23B27/1611—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with specially shaped plate-like exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. chip-breaking groove characterised by having a special shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
    • B23B27/1614—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with plate-like cutting inserts of special shape clamped against the walls of the recess in the shank by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert
    • B23B27/1622—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with plate-like cutting inserts of special shape clamped against the walls of the recess in the shank by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert characterised by having a special shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/2204—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert
    • B23C5/2208—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert for plate-like cutting inserts 
    • B23C5/2213—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert for plate-like cutting inserts  having a special shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
    • B23B2200/04—Overall shape
    • B23B2200/0447—Parallelogram
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
    • B23B2200/04—Overall shape
    • B23B2200/0447—Parallelogram
    • B23B2200/0452—Parallelogram rounded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
    • B23B2200/04—Overall shape
    • B23B2200/0471—Square
    • B23B2200/0476—Square rounded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
    • B23B2200/36—Other features of cutting inserts not covered by B23B2200/04 - B23B2200/32
    • B23B2200/3618—Fixation holes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2205/00—Fixation of cutting inserts in holders
    • B23B2205/08—Fixation of cutting inserts in holders using an eccentric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/04—Overall shape
    • B23C2200/0455—Square
    • B23C2200/0461—Square rounded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/36—Other features of the milling insert not covered by B23C2200/04 - B23C2200/32
    • B23C2200/361—Fixation holes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cutting processing technique, in particular to a polygonal cutting insert and a cutting tool having a circular arc-shaped groove in a hole.
  • the clamping strength and rigidity of the cutting insert have a great influence on the cutting ability of the cutting insert.
  • the clamping stability of the cutting slicing has an essential influence on the cutting efficiency and cutting precision of the cutting insert.
  • the clip-stabilized cutting insert not only has high cutting efficiency, high precision and long life, but the cutting insert with unstable clamping is easy to generate vibration, which causes the cutting insert to wear or even collapse rapidly, which greatly shortens the life of the cutting insert.
  • the cutting inserts are designed as a variety of cutting insert clamping structures such as clamp clamping, lever clamping, wedge clamping and hole clamping to meet the application of cutting inserts under different cutting conditions. .
  • the cutting inserts which are clamped by concentric holes have excellent clamping strength and rigidity, and are convenient to be loaded and unloaded, and are widely used. Due to the tolerance of the manufacturing dimensions of the cutting insert side, in order to ensure that the side of each cutting insert and the side of the cutting tool sipe can be completely in contact, when the fastener is generally clamped through the center hole, the center of the fastener should be relatively cut.
  • the center of the circular hole of the blade moves a certain distance to the inside of the sipe to ensure the cutting blade has the ability to move from the central axial side of the cutting insert during clamping, thereby ensuring the contact between the bottom surface and the side when the batch cutting insert is used in the sipe. Good, to ensure the cutting performance of the cutting blade is stable.
  • the cutting insert has the above advantages when it is cut by the center hole of the concentric circumference, the center of the fastener is offset from the center of the circular hole of the cutting insert, and the fastener and the center hole of the cutting insert can only be contacted by a small area (or point) during the clamping. Even if sufficient clamping force can be provided to the cutting insert, the fastener is prone to multi-directional deformation during cutting, which induces cutting vibration, and the cutting efficiency is low when the cutting insert is finished, and the cutting insert is prone to occur during high-speed cutting. Broken and short cutting life.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a polygonal cutting insert and a cutting tool having circular arc-shaped grooves in a hole which is reliable and stable in positioning and has a long service life of the cutting insert.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a polygonal cutting insert having a circular arc-shaped groove in a hole comprising a blade body composed of an upper surface, a lower surface, and a plurality of main sides connecting the upper surface and the lower surface, wherein the blade body is provided through the upper surface and the lower surface a central hole of the surface, the blade body being symmetrical about a center axis of the center hole, the main side intersecting the upper surface to form a main cutting edge, at least one of the plurality of main sides being adjacent to two main sides a positioning side of the center hole, the inner surface of the center hole having at least one circular arc-shaped groove engageable with a surface of a fastening screw for fixing the cutting insert, the number of the circular arc-shaped recess corresponding to the number of groups of the positioning side
  • Each of the circular arc-shaped grooves is opposite to the intersection of two main sides of the set of positioning sides, and the central axis of the groove of the circular-shaped groove has an offset from the central axis.
  • the offset is S, 0.05 mm ⁇ S ⁇ 0.2 mm.
  • the number of the circular arc-shaped grooves corresponds to the number of groups of the positioning sides, and the adjacent two circular-shaped grooves intersect between each other.
  • the adjacent two main side surfaces are smoothly connected by the corner side surface, and the circular arc shaped groove is directly opposite to the side surface.
  • the adjacent two circular arc-shaped grooves are smoothly connected by the angular grooves.
  • the circular arc shaped groove includes a groove cylindrical surface, a groove curved surface, and a groove tapered surface.
  • the circular arc-shaped groove has a groove symmetry plane, and the groove symmetry plane is an angular bisector plane for locating an angle between two main sides of the side surface, the angle groove has an angular groove symmetry plane, Both the groove symmetry plane and the angular groove symmetry plane pass through the central axis.
  • the angular groove In any plane parallel to the upper surface and intersecting the arc of the groove, the angular groove has a distance h' between the symmetry plane of the angular groove and the central axis, and a circle adjacent to the angular groove
  • the distance between the arc groove and the central axis on the groove symmetry plane is h, which satisfies: 0.1 mm ⁇ h'-h ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • the angular groove includes an angular groove cylinder surface, an angular groove curved surface and an angular groove tapered surface, the angular groove cylindrical surface, the angular groove curved surface, the angular groove tapered surface and the concave groove surface,
  • the groove arc surface has a one-to-one correspondence with the groove cone surface, and each corresponding surface has the same height.
  • the radius of the groove of the circular groove is R
  • the radius of the groove of the angle groove is R', which satisfies: 0.4R ⁇ R' ⁇ 0.8R.
  • the two main sides are symmetric about the plane of the groove.
  • the blade body is a parallelogram cutter body, and the positioning side faces are set as two groups, one set is a main side on one side of an acute angle, and the other set is a main side on both sides of another acute angle, the circular arc groove Set to two, facing the two corner sides.
  • the blade body is in the shape of a square plate, and the positioning side faces are arranged in four groups, and the main sides on each side of the right angle are a set of positioning side faces, and the circular arc shaped grooves are set to four, respectively facing the four corners side.
  • the blade body has a horizontal middle section, the blade body is symmetrical about a horizontal middle section, and a central hole inner surface located above the horizontal middle section and a central hole inner surface located below the horizontal middle section are provided with arcuate grooves.
  • a cutting tool comprising a cutter body and a fastening screw, the cutter body being provided with at least one sipe, the cutting tool further comprising the above-mentioned polygonal cutting insert, the number of the cutting inserts corresponding to the number of sipe,
  • the cutting insert is mounted in the sipe and is positioned by a set of locating sides that are in concentric contact with at least one arcuate groove in the central bore and press the cutting insert into the sipe.
  • the screw fixes the blade body in the sipe of the cutter body, and the fastening screw is inserted into the center hole.
  • the fastening screw can be tightened to press the blade body into the sipe. After the fastening screw is tightened, there is an arc.
  • the concave groove is concentrically contacted with the surface of the fastening screw.
  • the circular arc groove and the fastening screw are concentrically pressed in the normal direction of the central axis of the blade, and the fastening screw and the inner surface of the central hole are fastened.
  • a line contact of a continuous arc contact is formed in the normal section of the central axis of the blade, so that the circumferential direction of the fastening screw can surround and clamp the cutting insert at a large angle, and the direction of the clamping force is substantially perpendicular to the curved line of the contact and points to the positioning surface.
  • the arc-shaped groove in the center hole forms a continuous multi-point over-position clamping for the arc-shaped line contact of the fastening screw, which greatly improves the clamping rigidity, strength and clamping stability of the cutting blade;
  • the fastening screw forms a continuous multi-point over-position clamping on the circular arc groove; at the same time, by accurately designing the offset between the circular groove and the central axis, when the cutting force increases, the fastening The amount of deformation of the screw increases.
  • the circular groove When the circular groove is set to two, the circular groove can form two independent continuous multi-point over-position clamping for the fastening screw; when the circular groove is set to At four times, the circular groove can form at least one independent continuous multi-point over-position clamping for the fastening screw, that is, the cutting blade center hole can be in a continuous set of multiple points as the cutting force changes.
  • Over-positioning clamping constraint automatic adjustment between up to four independent independent multi-point over-positioning constraints, and reasonable allocation of the clamping force of each circular groove, even in high-efficiency, large cutting force cutting Avoid cutting vibration, still ensure the cutting life and cutting precision of the cutting insert; and there are multiple sets of continuous curved line contact between the circular arc groove and the fastening screw, which greatly reduces the fastening screw in the center hole of the circular blade. Deformable direction and area range Cutting vibration suppression, improved cutting accuracy, processing efficiency and cutting life.
  • the polygonal cutting insert having the circular arc-shaped groove in the hole of the present invention the purpose of providing the angular groove is: one for connecting two adjacent circular arc-shaped grooves, and the second, when the circular arc is shaped
  • the groove is set to a plurality of, as the magnitude of the cutting force changes, it is ensured that the fastening screw has the ability to automatically adjust one or more sets of continuous arc-shaped over-positioning clamping constraints in the central hole of the cutting insert.
  • the cutting tool of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned polygonal cutting insert, the concentric design of the fastening screw and the circular arc groove on the center hole of the cutting insert, and the cutting tool does not need to make the fastening screw deviate from the circular hole of the cutting insert.
  • the center is simple to make and can ensure that the batch polygon cutting insert and the side of the sipe are in good contact; the fastening screw forms a circular arc-shaped groove on the positioning side of the cutting insert, and the omnidirectional over-position clamping is performed to effectively control the fastener. Unfavorable deformation direction and area can effectively attenuate the vibration of the cutting insert during cutting.
  • This type of cutting tool still has high-quality surface processing capability and excellent dimensional accuracy during large overhang, large depth of cut and large feed. It can be applied to high-efficiency roughing and cutting, and can also be applied to precision machining. It has a wide range of applications.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a center hole in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the positioning and mounting of the cutting insert according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the circular arc groove and the fastening screw according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the structure of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a top plan view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a center hole in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the positioning and mounting of a cutting insert according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Blade body 2. Upper surface; 3. Lower surface; 41, main side; 42, angular side; 5. Center hole; 51, circular groove; 513, groove arc surface; 514, groove cone surface; 515, groove center axis; 52, angular groove; 521, angular groove symmetry plane; 522, angular groove cylinder surface; 523, angular groove Curved surface; 524, angular groove tapered surface; 6, central axis; 7, main cutting edge; 71, angular cutting edge; 9, horizontal middle section; 10, cutter body; 101, sipe;
  • the polygonal cutting insert having the circular arc-shaped groove in the hole of the embodiment includes the upper surface 2, the lower surface 3, and a plurality of main sides 41 connecting the upper surface 2 and the lower surface 3.
  • the blade body 1 is constructed.
  • the blade body 1 is provided with a central hole 5 penetrating through the upper surface 2 and the lower surface 3.
  • the blade body 1 is centrally symmetrical about the central axis 6 of the center hole 5, and the main side surface 41 intersects the upper surface 2 to form a main cutting edge. 7.
  • the inner surface of the center hole 5 has at least one circular arc shape which can be matched with the surface of the fastening screw 11 for fixing the cutting insert.
  • the groove 51, the number of the arcuate grooves 51 corresponds to the number of groups of the positioning side faces, and each of the arcuate grooves 51 faces the intersection of the two main sides 41 of the set of positioning sides, and the circular arc groove 51
  • the groove center axis 515 has an offset from the center axis 6.
  • the blade body 1 is exemplified by a parallelogram plate-shaped blade body.
  • the blade body 1 is provided with two sets of positioning sides, the positioning side is composed of two adjacent main sides 41, one set is a main side 41 on both sides of an acute angle, and the other set is a main side 41 on both sides of the other acute angle.
  • the circular arc-shaped grooves 51 are provided in two, on the diagonal of the two acute angles, the two circular arc-shaped grooves 51 intersect, and the two circular-shaped grooves 51 are connected by a straight line or a convex arc. Used to avoid the fastening screw 11.
  • the offset S between the central axis 515 of the groove and the central axis 6 may cause the deformation of the fastener to be less than the S value, so that a plurality of consecutive arcs cannot be formed.
  • the life of the blade can be any value between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm. In the present embodiment, S is 0.12 mm, and the offset S is not zero.
  • the circular cutting insert in the present embodiment is mounted in the sipe 101 of the cutter body 10 and is pressed by the fastening screw 11.
  • the fastening screw 11 fixes the blade body 1 in the slot 101 of the blade body 10, and the fastening screw 11 is disposed in the center hole 5, as shown in FIG. 4, the acute angle in the upper right corner.
  • the main sides 41 of the corresponding two sides are positioning side surfaces, and the fastening screw 11 is screwed to press the blade body 1 into the sipe 101.
  • the center of the fastening screw 11 is O2 (in the concave
  • the center of the center hole 5 is O1 (on the central axis 6) with a certain distance therebetween, which is the offset S, and the threaded hole of the cutter body 10 corresponding to the fastening screw 11 (not shown in the drawings) and the center hole 5 also have the above-described offset S.
  • a circular arc-shaped groove 51 is fitted in a concentric contact with the surface of the fastening screw 11, and the eccentric pressing of the fastening screw 11 is performed.
  • the circular arc-shaped groove 51 abuts against the fastening screw 11, realizing the line contact of the fastening screw 11 and the central hole 5 forming a continuous arc-shaped contact in the normal section of the central shaft 6, so that the fastener 11 is circumferentially
  • the blade can be surrounded and clamped at a large angle, and the direction of the clamping force is substantially perpendicular to the curved line of the contact and points to the positioning surface, and the circle in the upper right corner of the center hole 5
  • the curved groove 51 forms a continuous multi-point over-position clamping on the arc-shaped line contact of the fastening screw 11, which greatly improves the clamping rigidity, strength and clamping stability of the cutting insert; meanwhile, by accurately designing the arc-shaped concave
  • the offset S between the groove 51 and the center shaft 6 increases as the amount of deformation of the fastening screw 11 increases as the cutting force increases, and the arcuate groove 51 of the lower left corner opposite to the circular arc groove 51 of the upper right
  • the clamping constraint, the maximum two sets of independent continuous multi-point over-position are automatically adjusted, and the clamping force of each circular groove 51 is reasonably distributed, and the cutting vibration can be avoided even when cutting with high efficiency and large cutting force
  • the cutting life and the cutting precision of the cutting insert can still be ensured; and the two arc-shaped grooves 51 and the fastening screw 11 have one or two sets of arc-shaped contact line contact, which greatly reduces the inner hole 5 of the circular insert.
  • Deformable direction and zone of the fastening screw 11 The domain range suppresses cutting vibration and improves cutting accuracy, machining efficiency and cutting life.
  • the adjacent two main side surfaces 41 are smoothly connected by the corner side surface 42, and the circular arc-shaped groove 51 is opposite to the side surface 42.
  • the corner side 42 intersects the upper surface 2 to form an angular cutting edge 71.
  • the adjacent two circular arc-shaped grooves 51 are smoothly connected by the angular grooves 52.
  • Two circular grooves 51 are correspondingly provided with two angular grooves 52.
  • the two corner grooves 52 are located on the diagonal between the two obtuse angles of the parallelogram-shaped blade body.
  • the circular arc-shaped groove 51 includes a groove cylindrical surface 512, a groove curved surface 513, and a groove tapered surface 514.
  • the angular groove 52 includes an angular groove cylindrical surface 522, an angular groove curved surface 523 and an angular groove tapered surface 524, an angular groove cylindrical surface 522, an angular groove curved surface 523, and an angular groove tapered surface 524 and groove.
  • the cylindrical surface 512, the concave curved surface 513 and the concave tapered surface 514 are in one-to-one correspondence, and each corresponding surface has the same height.
  • the circular arc groove 51 has a groove symmetry plane 511, and the groove symmetry plane 511 is an angle bisector of the angle between the two main sides 41 of the positioning side surface (ie, the surface of the diagonal line corresponding to the two acute angles).
  • the angular groove 52 has an angular groove symmetry plane 521 (i.e., the face where the diagonal between the two obtuse angles), and the groove symmetry plane 511 and the angular groove symmetry plane 521 both pass through the central axis 6, both of which are perpendicular.
  • the radius of the groove cylinder surface 512 of the circular arc groove 51 is R'
  • the radius of the angle groove cylinder surface 522 of the angle groove 52 is R
  • the distance between the angular groove 52 and the central axis 6 on the angular groove symmetry plane 521 is h', adjacent to the angle
  • the distance between the circular arc-shaped groove 51 of the groove 52 and the central axis 6 on the groove symmetry plane 511 is h, which satisfies: 0.1 mm ⁇ h'-h ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • the purpose of the angular groove 52 is to: one for connecting two adjacent circular arc-shaped grooves 51, and the other two, when the circular-shaped concave grooves are arranged in plurality, as the cutting force changes, ensuring
  • the fastener 11 is provided with the ability to automatically adjust one or more sets of continuous curved over-positioning clamping constraints within the central bore of the cutting insert.
  • the two main sides 41 are symmetrical about the groove symmetry plane 511.
  • the tapered surface of the fastening screw 11 coincides with the groove curved surface 513 (the tapered surface of the fastening screw 11 and the concave surface 513 of the groove)
  • the coincident portion is an arc line
  • the tapered surface of the fastening screw 11 and the groove curved surface 513 intersect at point P (An infinite number of P points constitute a coincident arc line)
  • the fastening screw 11 may deflect toward the remaining two arcuate grooves 51, and as the amount of deformation gradually increases, the last two circles
  • the arcuate groove 51 may also be in
  • the fastening screw 11 is simultaneously in concentric contact with the three arcuate grooves 51.
  • the point P at which the tapered surface of the fastening screw 11 and the groove curved surface 513 intersect is located at a certain point of the tapered surface of the fastening screw 11.
  • the circular cutting insert can also be a double-sided cutting insert.
  • the cutting tool of the present embodiment includes a cutter body 10 and a fastening screw 11.
  • the cutting tool further includes the polygonal cutting insert of the first embodiment.
  • the cutter body 10 is a square cutter bar, and only one of the cutter bodies 10 is opened.
  • the sipe 101, the polygonal cutting insert cooperates with the positioning surface of the sipe 101 through a set of positioning sides.
  • the fastening screw 11 is in concentric contact with at least one circular arc-shaped groove 51 in the center hole 5 and presses the cutting insert into the sipe 101.
  • the positioning and mounting process of the polygonal cutting insert is as described in Embodiment 1.
  • the circular arc-shaped groove 51 and the fastening screw 11 form two sets of continuous arc-shaped over-position clamping.
  • the fastening screw 11 when the fastening screw 11 is tightened, the fastening screw 11 is firstly in concentric contact with the arc-shaped groove 51 in the upper right corner, and then is in concentric contact with the circular arc-shaped groove 51 in the lower left corner; when the fastening screw 11 is loosened
  • the circular arc-shaped groove 51 in the lower left corner leaves the fastening screw 11 first
  • the circular arc-shaped groove 51 in the upper right corner leaves the fastening screw 11.
  • each of the circular arc-shaped grooves 51 can be installed and positioned once, and the blade body 1 can be used twice, and two acute angles can be replaced, that is, the blade body 1 Rotate 180°, you can use it again, and the two positioning methods are the same.
  • the cutting tool of the present invention has the concentric design of the fastening screw 11 and the circular arc groove 51 on the central hole 5 of the cutting insert.
  • the cutting tool does not need to be offset from the center of the circular hole of the cutting insert, and is simple to manufacture.
  • the batch polygon cutting insert and the sipe 101 can be ensured to have good side contact.
  • the fastening screw 11 forms a circular arc-shaped groove 51 on the positioning side surface of the cutting blade, and the circumferential direction is fully positioned and clamped, thereby effectively controlling the unfavorable deformation direction and region of the fastener, and effectively attenuating the vibration of the cutting blade during cutting.
  • This type of cutting tool still has high-quality surface processing capability and excellent dimensional accuracy during large overhang, large depth of cut and large feed. It can be used not only for high-efficiency roughing but also for precision machining. The scope of application.
  • the polygonal cutting insert of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that:
  • the blade body 1 has a square plate shape, and the positioning side faces are set to four groups, and the main side faces 41 on both sides of each right angle are a set of positioning side faces, and the arcuate groove 51 is set to four, respectively facing the fourth Corner side 42.
  • the corner grooves 52 are provided in four, respectively facing the four main sides 41.
  • the center distance between the circular arc-shaped grooves 51 on the same straight line is 2S.
  • the positioning and mounting process of the polygonal cutting insert is basically as described in Embodiment 1, but since the present embodiment is provided with four circular arc-shaped grooves 51, the circular arc-shaped grooves 51 are sequentially ranked as the first circle.
  • An arcuate groove 51, a second arcuate groove 51, a third arcuate groove 51, a fourth arcuate groove 51, and the first and third circular arc grooves 51 are in the same
  • the second and fourth circular arc-shaped grooves 51 are on the same straight line passing through the central axis 6, so that the fastening screw 11 is first in concentric contact with the first circular arc-shaped groove 51, forming a set of continuous arc-shaped over-position clamping; when the amount of deformation of the fastening screw 11 increases as the cutting force increases, the fastening screw 11 is then concentrically contacted with the third circular-shaped groove 51 (due to the deformation of the fastening screw 11) Is the direction opposite to the
  • the blade body 1 has a horizontal middle section 9, the blade body 1 is symmetrical about the horizontal middle section 9, the inner surface of the center hole 5 located above the horizontal middle section 9, and the inner surface of the center hole 5 located below the horizontal middle section 9.
  • a circular groove 51 is provided.
  • the cutting edge 7 is also formed between the lower surface 3 and the side surface 4, that is, the cutting insert of the embodiment is a double-sided insert, and the structures on both sides are completely the same, and each side can be used four times, each rotation is 90°, and at least one is guaranteed.
  • the circular arc-shaped groove 51 is in concentric contact with the fastening screw 11. It can be used eight times on both sides.
  • the polygonal cutting insert can also be a single-sided cutting insert.
  • this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 2 except that:
  • the cutter body 10 is a disc-shaped cutter bar having an axis, and the cutter body 10 is provided with a four-sipe 101.
  • the cutting tool includes the polygonal cutting insert of the third embodiment, and the number of the cutting inserts corresponds to the number of the sipes 101.
  • the cutting insert is mounted in the sipe 101 and positioned by a set of positioning sides, and the fastening screw 11 is in concentric contact with at least one circular arc-shaped recess 51 in the center hole 5 and presses the cutting insert into the sipe 101.
  • the positioning and mounting process of the polygonal cutting insert is as described in Embodiment 3.
  • the cutting force increases, the amount of deformation of the fastening screw 11 increases, and the fastening screw 11 is in concentric contact with the circular arc groove 51.
  • the circular arc groove 51 and the fastening screw 11 form four. A group of consecutive multiple points of contact over the positioning clamp.
  • the cutting tool of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that:
  • the inner surface of the center hole 5 is provided with a circular arc-shaped groove 51, and the one circular arc-shaped groove 51 forms a heavy over-position clamping with the fastening screw 11.
  • the polygonal cutting insert of this embodiment can only be positioned and installed once.
  • the polygonal cutting insert can also be a double-sided cutting insert.
  • the quadrilateral cutting insert has a circular blade body 1 formed by a single-sided, double-sided groove structure, and each of the circular arc-shaped grooves 51 has 1-4, and the blade body 1 is put into In use, the clamping constraint of the circular arc-shaped groove 51 in the central hole 5 varies between one set and four sets of continuous curved over-positioning clamping.
  • the present invention is not only limited thereto, but according to the cutting conditions and the shape of the circular blade,
  • the central hole 5 in the blade body 1 is provided with more circular arc-shaped grooves 51 and angular grooves 52, so that the central hole 5 can form at least one set, and no less than four sets of continuous curved over-positioned clamping changes. .
  • the quadrilateral cutting insert is mainly used for turning or milling, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the blade of the cutting tool can be designed into other shapes for boring, drilling, etc. depending on the processing method. Other cutting tools.

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Abstract

一种孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片及切削刀具，多边形切削刀片包括由上表面（2）、下表面（3）以及连接上表面（2）、下表面（3）的多个主侧面（41）构成的刀片本体（1）。刀片本体（1）设有贯穿上表面（2）和下表面（3）的中心孔（5），刀片本体（1）关于中心孔（5）的中心轴（6）中心对称。主侧面（41）与上表面（2）相交形成主切削刃（7）。多个主侧面（41）中，至少有一组由相邻的两个主侧面（41）组成的定位侧面。中心孔（5）内表面具有至少一个可与固定切削刀片的紧固螺钉（11）表面配合的圆弧形凹槽（51），圆弧形凹槽（51）的数量与定位侧面的组数对应，每个圆弧形凹槽（51）正对一组定位侧面中两个主侧面（41）的交汇处，圆弧形凹槽（51）的凹槽中心轴（515）与中心轴（6）之间具有偏距。切削刀具包括上述的切削刀片。本发明具有定位稳定可靠、刀具寿命长的优点。

Description

一种孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片及切削刀具 【技术领域】
本发明涉及切削加工技术，尤其涉及一种孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片及切削刀具。
【背景技术】
刀片在切削过程中，切削刀片的夹持强度、刚性对切削刀片的切削能力有较大的影响，切削切片的夹持稳定性尤其对切削刀片的切削效率和切削精度有本质性的影响，装夹稳定的切削刀片不仅切削效率高、精度高而且具有较长的寿命，装夹不稳定的切削刀片切削时易产生振动从而导致切削刀片快速磨损甚至崩缺，极大的缩短切削刀片寿命。行业内为了提高切削刀片切削性能，切削刀片被设计成压块夹持、杠杆夹持、楔块夹持和孔夹持等多种切削刀片夹持结构，以满足切削刀片在不同切削条件的应用。其中通过同心圆孔装夹的切削刀片具有十分优秀的夹持强度和刚性且装卸便捷，得到广泛的使用。由于切削刀片侧面制造尺寸存在公差，为了保证每一切削刀片的侧面和切削刀具刀槽的侧面能够完全接触，一般紧固件穿过中心孔夹持切削刀片时，紧固件的中心应相对切削刀片的圆孔的中心向刀槽内侧移动一定的距离，保证切削刀片装夹时具有从切削刀片的中心轴向侧面移动的能力，从而保证批量切削刀片在刀槽内使用时，底面和侧面接触良好，保证切削刀片切削性能稳定。
虽然切削刀片通过同心圆周中心孔装夹切削时具有以上优点，但是紧固件中心偏离切削刀片圆孔的中心设置，装夹时紧固件和切削刀片中心孔只能小面积(或点)接触，即便可以提供给切削刀片足够的夹持力，但切削时紧固件易发生多方向性的变形，诱发切削振动，切削刀片进行精加工时切削效率低下，而进行高速切削时切削刀片易发生崩缺，切削寿命较短。
【发明内容】
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种定位可靠稳定、切削刀片寿命长的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片及切削刀具。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，包括由上表面、下表面以及连接上表面、下表面的多个主侧面构成的刀片本体，所述刀片本体设有贯穿上表面和下表面的中心孔，所述刀片本体关于中心孔的中心轴中心对称，所述主侧面与上表面相交形成主切削刃，所述多个主侧面中，至少有一组由相邻的两个主侧面组成的定位侧面，所述中心孔内表面具 有至少一个可与固定所述切削刀片的紧固螺钉表面配合的圆弧形凹槽，所述圆弧形凹槽的数量与定位侧面的组数对应，每个圆弧形凹槽正对一组定位侧面中两个主侧面的交汇处，所述圆弧形凹槽的凹槽中心轴与中心轴之间具有偏距。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进：
所述偏距为S，0.05mm≤S≤0.2mm。
所述多个主侧面中，至少有两组定位侧面，所述圆弧形凹槽的数量与定位侧面的组数对应，相邻两个圆弧形凹槽之间相交。
所述定位侧面中，相邻两个主侧面之间通过角侧面平滑连接，所述圆弧形凹槽正对角侧面。
相邻两个圆弧形凹槽之间通过角凹槽平滑连接。
所述圆弧形凹槽包括凹槽柱面、凹槽弧面和凹槽锥面。
所述圆弧形凹槽具有凹槽对称面，所述凹槽对称面为定位侧面中两个主侧面之间夹角的角平分面，所述角凹槽具有角凹槽对称面，所述凹槽对称面和角凹槽对称面均过中心轴。
在任一平行于上表面并与凹槽弧面相交的平面内，所述角凹槽在角凹槽对称面上与中心轴之间的距离为h’，相邻于所述角凹槽的圆弧形凹槽在凹槽对称面上与中心轴之间的距离为h，满足：0.1mm≤h’-h≤0.5mm。
所述角凹槽包括的角凹槽柱面、角凹槽弧面和角凹槽锥面，所述角凹槽柱面、角凹槽弧面和角凹槽锥面与凹槽柱面、凹槽弧面和凹槽锥面一一对应，且各对应的面具有相同的高度。
所述圆弧形凹槽的凹槽柱面半径为R，所述角凹槽的角凹槽柱面的半径为R’，满足：0.4R≤R’≤0.8R。
所述定位侧面中，两个主侧面关于凹槽对称面对称。
所述刀片本体为平行四边形刀体，所述定位侧面设置为两组，一组为一个锐角两侧的主侧面，另一组为另一个锐角两侧的主侧面，所述圆弧形凹槽设置为两个，分别正对两个角侧面。
所述刀片本体为正方形板状，所述定位侧面设置为四组，每个直角两侧的主侧面为一组定位侧面，所述圆弧形凹槽设置为四个，分别正对四个角侧面。
所述刀片本体具有水平中截面，所述刀片本体关于水平中截面对称，位于水平中截面上方的中心孔内表面和位于水平中截面下方的中心孔内表面均设有圆弧形凹槽。
一种切削刀具，包括刀体和紧固螺钉，所述刀体上设有至少一个刀槽，所述切削刀具还包括上述的多边形切削刀片，所述切削刀片数量与刀槽数量对应，所述切削刀片装于刀 槽内并通过一组定位侧面定位，所述紧固螺钉与中心孔内至少一个圆弧形凹槽同心接触并将切削刀片压紧于刀槽内。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
(1)本发明的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，切削刀片的中心孔内至少一个可与固定切削刀片的紧固螺钉表面配合的圆弧形凹槽，使用时，紧固螺钉将刀片本体固定在刀体的刀槽内，紧固螺钉穿设于中心孔内，紧固螺钉旋紧即可将刀片本体压紧在刀槽内，紧固螺钉拧紧后，有一个圆弧形凹槽与紧固螺钉的表面同心接触配合，在紧固螺钉的偏心压紧下，圆弧形凹槽与紧固螺钉在刀片中心轴法向同心抵紧，紧固螺钉与中心孔内表面在刀片中心轴法向截面内形成连续弧形接触的线接触，因而紧固螺钉周向可以大角度包围并夹紧切削刀片，夹持力的方向基本垂直于接触的弧形线并指向定位面，中心孔内的圆弧形凹槽对紧固螺钉的弧形线接触形成连续的多点过定位夹持，极大提高切削刀片的夹持刚性、强度和夹持稳定性；当圆弧形凹槽仅设置为一个时，紧固螺钉对圆弧形凹槽形成一组连续的多点过定位夹持；同时，通过准确设计圆弧形凹槽与中心轴之间的偏距，当随着切削力的增加，紧固螺钉变形量增加，当圆弧形凹槽设置为两个时，圆弧形凹槽对紧固螺钉最多可形成两组独立的连续的多点过定位夹持；当圆弧形凹槽设置为四个时，圆弧形凹槽对紧固螺钉至少可形成一组独立的连续的多点过定位夹持，即随着切削力大小的变化，切削刀片中心孔可以在一组连续的多点过定位夹持约束、最多四组独立的连续的多点过定位约束之间自动调整，并可合理分配各圆弧形凹槽夹持力的大小，即使在高效、大切削力切削时仍能避免切削振动，仍可保证切削刀片的切削寿命和切削精度；而且圆弧形凹槽与紧固螺钉之间具有多组连续弧形的线接触，大大减少圆刀片中心孔内的紧固螺钉的可变形方向和区域范围，抑制切削振动，提高切削精度、加工效率和切削寿命。
(2)本发明的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，设置角凹槽的目的在于：其一、用于连接相邻两个圆弧形凹槽，其二、当圆弧形凹槽设置为多个时，随着切削力大小的变化，保证紧固螺钉具备自动调整在切削刀片中心孔内形成一组或多组连续弧形过定位夹持约束的能力。
(3)本发明的切削刀具，采用上述的多边形切削刀片，紧固螺钉和切削刀片中心孔上圆弧形凹槽的同心设计，切削刀具制作时不需要使紧固螺钉偏离切削刀片的圆孔中心，制作简单，且可保证批次多边形切削刀片和刀槽侧面接触良好；紧固螺钉对切削刀片的定位侧面、切削区域形成圆弧形凹槽周向全方位过定位夹持，有效控制紧固件不利的变形方向、区域，可在切削时有效衰减切削刀片的振动，该类切削刀具在大悬长、大切深、大进给时仍具有高质量的表面加工能力和优秀的尺寸精度，不仅可以应用于高效粗加工切削， 也可以应用于精密切削加工，具有十分广泛的应用范围。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明实施例1的立体结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例1的俯视结构示意图。
图3是本发明实施例1的中心孔的结构示意图。
图4是本发明实施例1的切削刀片定位安装示意图。
图5是本发明实施例1的圆弧形凹槽与紧固螺钉配合示意图。
图6是本发明实施例2的结构示意图。
图7是本发明实施例3的立体结构示意图。
图8是本发明实施例3的俯视结构示意图。
图9是本发明实施例3的中心孔的结构示意图。
图10是本发明实施例3的切削刀片定位安装示意图。
图11是本发明实施例4的结构示意图。
图中各标号表示：
1、刀片本体；2、上表面；3、下表面；41、主侧面；42、角侧面；5、中心孔；51、圆弧形凹槽；511、凹槽对称面；512、凹槽柱面；513、凹槽弧面；514、凹槽锥面；515、凹槽中心轴；52、角凹槽；521、角凹槽对称面；522、角凹槽柱面；523、角凹槽弧面；524、角凹槽锥面；6、中心轴；7、主切削刃；71、角切削刃；9、水平中截面；10、刀体；101、刀槽；11、紧固螺钉。
【具体实施方式】
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
如图1至图5所示，本实施例的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，包括由上表面2、下表面3以及连接上表面2、下表面3的多个主侧面41构成的刀片本体1，刀片本体1设有贯穿上表面2和下表面3的中心孔5，刀片本体1关于中心孔5的中心轴6中心对称，主侧面41与上表面2相交形成主切削刃7，多个主侧面41中，至少有一组由相邻的两个主侧面41组成的定位侧面，中心孔5内表面具有至少一个可与固定切削刀片的紧固螺钉11表面配合的圆弧形凹槽51，圆弧形凹槽51的数量与定位侧面的组数对应，每个圆弧形凹槽51正对一组定位侧面中两个主侧面41的交汇处，圆弧形凹槽51的凹槽中心轴515与中心轴6之间具有偏距。
本实施例中，刀片本体1以平行四边形板状的刀体为例。刀片本体1设有两组定位侧 面，定位侧面由相邻的两个主侧面41组成，一组为一个锐角两侧的主侧面41，另一组为另一个锐角两侧的主侧面41。圆弧形凹槽51设置为两个，位于两个锐角的对角线上，两个圆弧形凹槽51相交，两个圆弧形凹槽51之间通过直线或外凸的弧线连接，用于避让紧固螺钉11。
在具体应用实例中，凹槽中心轴515与中心轴6之间的偏距S(S值过大可能造成切削力对紧固件的变形少于S值，从而无法形成多组连续的弧线接触；而S值偏小，当制造误差较大小时，紧固件可能先和刀片内侧以外的凹槽接触，而和定位面对应的凹槽不接触，将形成不稳定的夹持，降低刀片的寿命)在0.05mm至0.2mm之间的任一值均可，本实施例中，S为0.12mm，偏距S不为零。
在使用本实施例中的圆形切削刀片时，圆形切削刀片安装于刀体10的刀槽101内并通过紧固螺钉11压紧。本实施例中，使用时，紧固螺钉11将刀片本体1的固定在刀体10的刀槽101内，紧固螺钉11穿设于中心孔5内，如图4所示，右上角的锐角对应的两侧的主侧面41为定位侧面，紧固螺钉11旋紧即可将刀片本体1压紧在刀槽101内，紧固螺钉11拧紧后，紧固螺钉11的中心为O2(在凹槽中心轴515上)，中心孔5的中心为O1(在中心轴6上)，二者之间具有一定距离，该距离即为偏距S，刀体10上对应紧固螺钉11的螺纹孔(图中未示出)与中心孔5也具有上述的偏距S，此时，有一个圆弧形凹槽51与紧固螺钉11的表面同心接触配合，在紧固螺钉11的偏心压紧下，圆弧形凹槽51与紧固螺钉11抵紧，实现了紧固螺钉11与中心孔5在中心轴6法向截面内形成连续弧形接触的线接触，因而紧固件11周向可以大角度包围并夹紧刀片，夹持力的方向基本垂直于接触的弧形线并指向定位面，中心孔5内右上角的圆弧形凹槽51对紧固螺钉11的弧形线接触形成连续的多点过定位夹持，极大提高切削刀片的夹持刚性、强度和夹持稳定性；同时，通过准确设计圆弧形凹槽51与中心轴6之间的偏距S，当随着切削力的增加，紧固螺钉11变形量增加，与右上角的圆弧形凹槽51相对的左下角的圆弧形凹槽51也会与紧固螺钉11产生接触，从而最终形成两组独立的连续的多点过定位夹持，即随着切削力大小的变化，切削刀片中心孔5可以在一组连续的多点过定位夹持约束、最多两组独立的连续的多点过定位之间自动调整，并合理分配各圆弧形凹槽51夹持力的大小，即使在高效、大切削力切削时仍能避免切削振动，仍可保证切削刀片的切削寿命和切削精度；而且两个圆弧形凹槽51与紧固螺钉11之间具有一组或两组弧形接触的线接触，大大减少圆刀片中心孔5内的紧固螺钉11的可变形方向和区域范围，抑制切削振动，提高切削精度、加工效率和切削寿命。
本实施例中，定位侧面中，相邻两个主侧面41之间通过角侧面42平滑连接，圆弧形凹槽51正对角侧面42。角侧面42与上表面2相交形成角切削刃71。
本实施例中，相邻两个圆弧形凹槽51之间通过角凹槽52平滑连接。两个圆弧形凹槽51对应设有两个角凹槽52。两个角凹槽52位于平行四边形板状的刀体两个钝角之间的对角线上。
本实施例中，圆弧形凹槽51包括凹槽柱面512、凹槽弧面513和凹槽锥面514。角凹槽52包括的角凹槽柱面522、角凹槽弧面523和角凹槽锥面524，角凹槽柱面522、角凹槽弧面523和角凹槽锥面524与凹槽柱面512、凹槽弧面513和凹槽锥面514一一对应，且各对应的面具有相同的高度。圆弧形凹槽51具有凹槽对称面511，凹槽对称面511为定位侧面中两个主侧面41之间夹角的角平分面(即两个锐角对应的对角线所在的面)，角凹槽52具有角凹槽对称面521(即两个钝角之间的对角线所在的面)，凹槽对称面511和角凹槽对称面521均过中心轴6，二者垂直。
本实施例中，圆弧形凹槽51的凹槽柱面512半径为R’，角凹槽52的角凹槽柱面522的半径为R，二者关系满足：0.4R≤R’≤0.8R即可在任一平行于上表面2并与凹槽弧面513相交的平面内，角凹槽52在角凹槽对称面521上与中心轴6之间的距离为h’，相邻于角凹槽52的圆弧形凹槽51在凹槽对称面511上与中心轴6之间的距离为h，满足：0.1mm≤h’-h≤0.5mm。设置角凹槽52的目的在于：其一、用于连接相邻两个圆弧形凹槽51，其二、当圆弧形凹槽设置为多个时，随着切削力大小的变化，保证紧固件11具备自动调整在切削刀片中心孔内形成一组或多组连续弧形过定位夹持约束的能力。
本实施例中，定位侧面中，两个主侧面41关于凹槽对称面511对称。
本实施例中，当紧固螺钉11在中心孔5内紧固后，与凹槽柱面512、凹槽弧面513和凹槽锥面514之间的配合关系如图5所示，在平行于上表面2并过紧固螺钉11与凹槽弧面513相交的水平面内，紧固螺钉11的锥面与凹槽弧面513重合(紧固螺钉11的锥面与凹槽弧面513的重合部分为一条圆弧线)，在垂直于该水平面的竖直截面(也即与凹槽对称面511重合的截面)内，紧固螺钉11的锥面与凹槽弧面513交于P点(无数个P点构成重合的圆弧线)，随着切削力的增加，紧固螺钉11可能向其余两个圆弧形凹槽51偏转，且随着变形量逐渐增加，最后其余两个圆弧形凹槽51也可能会与紧固螺钉11产生同心接触交于P’点(无数个P’点构成重合圆弧线)，进一步并产生夹持力。因此，在最终的夹紧中，紧固螺钉11同时与三个圆弧形凹槽51同心接触抵紧。紧固螺钉11的锥面与凹槽弧面513交于的P点位于紧固螺钉11的锥面的某一点。
除本实施例外，圆形切削刀片还可以是双面切削刀片。
实施例2
如图6所示，本实施例的切削刀具，包括刀体10和紧固螺钉11，切削刀具还包括实 施例1的多边形切削刀片，刀体10为方形刀杆，刀体10上仅开设一个刀槽101，多边形切削刀片通过一组定位侧面与刀槽101的定位面配合。紧固螺钉11与中心孔5内至少一个圆弧形凹槽51同心接触并将切削刀片压紧于刀槽101内。
本实施例中，多边形切削刀片的定位安装过程如实施例1所述。本实施例中，在最终的定位中，圆弧形凹槽51与紧固螺钉11形成两组连续弧形过定位夹持。
本实施例中，紧固螺钉11拧紧时，紧固螺钉11首先与右上角圆弧形凹槽51同心接触，然后与左下角的圆弧形凹槽51同心接触；紧固螺钉11拧松时，左下角的圆弧形凹槽51先离开紧固螺钉11，右上角的圆弧形凹槽51后离开紧固螺钉11。
本实施例中，由于具有两个圆弧形凹槽51，每个圆弧形凹槽51可进行一次安装定位，刀片本体1可以使用两次，两个锐角可对换进行安装，即刀片本体1旋转180°，即可再次使用，两次的定位加紧方式相同。
本发明的切削刀具，紧固螺钉11和切削刀片中心孔5上圆弧形凹槽51的同心设计，切削刀具制作时不需要使紧固螺钉11偏离切削刀片的圆孔中心，制作简单，且可保证批量多边形切削刀片和刀槽101侧面接触良好。紧固螺钉11对切削刀片的定位侧面、切削区域形成圆弧形凹槽51周向全方位过定位夹持，有效控制紧固件不利的变形方向、区域，可在切削时有效衰减切削刀片的振动，该类切削刀具在大悬长、大切深、大进给时仍具有高质量的表面加工能力和优秀的尺寸精度，不仅可以应用于高效粗加工切削，也可以应用于精密切削加工，具有十分广泛的应用范围。
实施例3
如图7至10所示，本实施例的多边形切削刀片，与实施例1基本相同，不同之处在于：
本实施例中，刀片本体1为正方形板状，定位侧面设置为四组，每个直角两侧的主侧面41为一组定位侧面，圆弧形凹槽51设置为四个，分别正对四个角侧面42。角凹槽52设置为四个，分别正对四个主侧面41。
本实施例中，位于同一直线上圆弧形凹槽51之间的的中心距为2S。
本实施例中，多边形切削刀片的定位安装过程基本如实施例1所述，但是由于本实施例设置了四个圆弧形凹槽51，圆弧形凹槽51依次排名为，第一个圆弧形凹槽51、第二个圆弧形凹槽51、第三个圆弧形凹槽51、第四个圆弧形凹槽51，第一第三两个圆弧形凹槽51在同一过中心轴6的直线上，第二第四两个圆弧形凹槽51在同一过中心轴6的直线上，因此紧固螺钉11首先与第一个圆弧形凹槽51同心接触，形成一组连续弧形过定位夹持；当随着切削力的增加，紧固螺钉11变形量增加，紧固螺钉11接着与第三个圆弧形凹槽51 同心接触(由于紧固螺钉11变形是与第一个圆弧形凹槽51相对的方向)，进而形成二组连续弧形过定位夹持；再随着紧固螺钉11变形量增加，紧固螺钉11依次与位于两侧的第二个圆弧形凹槽51和第四个圆弧形凹槽51同心接触，最终形成四组连续弧形过定位夹持。
本实施例中，刀片本体1具有水平中截面9，刀片本体1关于水平中截面9对称，位于水平中截面9上方的中心孔5内表面和位于水平中截面9下方的中心孔5内表面均设有圆弧形凹槽51。下表面3与侧面4之间也形成切削刃7，即本实施例的切削刀片为双面刀片，两面的结构完全相同，每一面可以使用四次，每次旋转一定90°，保证至少有一个圆弧形凹槽51与紧固螺钉11同心接触配合。两面可以使用八次。
除本实施例外，多边形切削刀片还可以是单面切削刀片。
实施例4
如图11所示，本实施例与实施例2基本相同，不同之处在于：
本实施例的切削刀具，刀体10为具有轴线的盘状刀杆，刀体10上设有四刀槽101，切削刀具包括实施例3的多边形切削刀片，切削刀片数量与刀槽101数量对应，切削刀片装于刀槽101内并通过一组定位侧面定位，紧固螺钉11与中心孔5内至少一个圆弧形凹槽51同心接触并将切削刀片压紧于刀槽101内。
本实施例中，多边形切削刀片的定位安装过程如实施例3所述。当随着切削力的增加，紧固螺钉11变形量增加，紧固螺钉11与圆弧形凹槽51产生同心接触，在最终的定位中，圆弧形凹槽51与紧固螺钉11形成四组连续的多点接触过定位夹持。
实施例5
本实施例的切削刀具，与实施例1基本相同，不同之处在于：
本实施例中，中心孔5内表面设有一个圆弧形凹槽51，该一个圆弧形凹槽51与紧固螺钉11形成一重过定位夹持。本实施例的多边形切削刀片只能定位安装一次。
除本实施例外，多边形切削刀片还可以是双面切削刀片。
以上的实施例1、实施例3、实施例5中，四边形切削刀片由单面、双面槽结构形成圆形刀片本体1，圆弧形凹槽51各有1-4个，刀片本体1投入使用中，中心孔5内圆弧形凹槽51发生夹持约束在一组至四组连续弧形过定位夹持之间变化，本发明不仅于此，根据切削条件、圆刀片形状的不同，刀片本体1上的中心孔5内设有更多圆弧形凹槽51、角凹槽52，从而中心孔5可形成至少一组、不少于四组连续弧形过定位夹持之间变化。
以上的实施例2、实施例4中，四边形切削刀片主要应用车削或铣削，本发明不仅限于此，根据加工方式不同，也可以将切削刀具的刀片设计成其它形状应用于镗削、钻削等其它切削刀具。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围的情况下，都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均应落在本发明技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，包括由上表面(2)、下表面(3)以及连接上表面(2)、下表面(3)的多个主侧面(41)构成的刀片本体(1)，所述刀片本体(1)设有贯穿上表面(2)和下表面(3)的中心孔(5)，所述刀片本体(1)关于中心孔(5)的中心轴(6)中心对称，所述主侧面(41)与上表面(2)相交形成主切削刃(7)，所述多个主侧面(41)中，至少有一组由相邻的两个主侧面(41)组成的定位侧面，其特征在于：所述中心孔(5)内表面具有至少一个可与固定所述切削刀片的紧固螺钉(11)表面配合的圆弧形凹槽(51)，所述圆弧形凹槽(51)的数量与定位侧面的组数对应，每个圆弧形凹槽(51)正对一组定位侧面中两个主侧面(41)的交汇处，所述圆弧形凹槽(51)的凹槽中心轴(515)与中心轴(6)之间具有偏距。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述偏距为S，0.05mm≤S≤0.2mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述多个主侧面(41)中，至少有两组定位侧面，所述圆弧形凹槽(51)的数量与定位侧面的组数对应，相邻两个圆弧形凹槽(51)之间相交。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述定位侧面中，相邻两个主侧面(41)之间通过角侧面(42)平滑连接，所述圆弧形凹槽(51)正对角侧面(42)。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：相邻两个圆弧形凹槽(51)之间通过角凹槽(52)平滑连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述圆弧形凹槽(51)包括凹槽柱面(512)、凹槽弧面(513)和凹槽锥面(514)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述圆弧形凹槽(51)具有凹槽对称面(511)，所述凹槽对称面(511)为定位侧面中两个主侧面(41)之间夹角的角平分面，所述角凹槽(52)具有角凹槽对称面(521)，所述凹槽对称面(511)和角凹槽对称面(521)均过中心轴(6)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：在任一平行于上表面(2)并与凹槽弧面(513)相交的平面内，所述角凹槽(52)在角凹槽对称面(521)上与中心轴(6)之间的距离为h’，相邻于所述角凹槽(52)的圆弧形凹槽(51)在凹槽对称面(511)上与中心轴(6)之间的距离为h，满足：0.1mm≤h’-h≤0.5mm。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8任意一项所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特 征在于：所述角凹槽(52)包括的角凹槽柱面(522)、角凹槽弧面(523)和角凹槽锥面(524)，所述角凹槽柱面(522)、角凹槽弧面(523)和角凹槽锥面(524)与凹槽柱面(512)、凹槽弧面(513)和凹槽锥面(514)一一对应，且各对应的面具有相同的高度。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的孔内具有凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述圆弧形凹槽(51)的凹槽柱面(512)半径为R，所述角凹槽(52)的角凹槽柱面(522)的半径为R’，满足：0.4R≤R’≤0.8R。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述定位侧面中，两个主侧面(41)关于凹槽对称面(511)对称。
  12. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述刀片本体(1)为平行四边形板状刀体，所述定位侧面设置为两组，一组为一个锐角两侧的主侧面(41)，另一组为另一个锐角两侧的主侧面(41)，所述圆弧形凹槽(51)设置为两个，分别正对两个角侧面(42)。
  13. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述刀片本体(1)为正方形板状刀体，所述定位侧面设置为四组，每个直角两侧的主侧面(41)为一组定位侧面，所述圆弧形凹槽(51)设置为四个，分别正对四个角侧面(42)。
  14. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片，其特征在于：所述刀片本体(1)具有水平中截面(9)，所述刀片本体(1)关于水平中截面(9)对称，位于水平中截面(9)上方的中心孔(5)内表面和位于水平中截面(9)下方的中心孔(5)内表面均设有圆弧形凹槽(51)。
  15. 一种切削刀具，包括刀体(10)和紧固螺钉(11)，所述刀体(10)上设有至少一个刀槽(101)，其特征在于：所述切削刀具还包括权利要求1至14任意一项所述的多边形切削刀片，所述切削刀片数量与刀槽(101)数量对应，所述切削刀片装于刀槽(101)内并通过一组定位侧面定位，所述紧固螺钉(11)与中心孔(5)内至少一个圆弧形凹槽(51)同心接触并将切削刀片压紧于刀槽(101)内。
PCT/CN2017/118302 2017-09-30 2017-12-25 一种孔内具有圆弧形凹槽的多边形切削刀片及切削刀具 Ceased WO2019061896A1 (zh)

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