WO2019076260A1 - 终端多输入多输出天线装置及实现天线信号传输方法 - Google Patents

终端多输入多输出天线装置及实现天线信号传输方法 Download PDF

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WO2019076260A1
WO2019076260A1 PCT/CN2018/110224 CN2018110224W WO2019076260A1 WO 2019076260 A1 WO2019076260 A1 WO 2019076260A1 CN 2018110224 W CN2018110224 W CN 2018110224W WO 2019076260 A1 WO2019076260 A1 WO 2019076260A1
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radiation
subunit
radiating
antenna
main board
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王小明
周闯柱
翁子彬
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to US16/753,891 priority Critical patent/US10819398B2/en
Priority to ES18867484T priority patent/ES2909442T3/es
Priority to EP18867484.0A priority patent/EP3678260B1/en
Publication of WO2019076260A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019076260A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0404—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas the mobile station comprising multiple antennas, e.g. to provide uplink diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0025—Modular arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/321—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/328—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors between a radiating element and ground
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/35—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using two or more simultaneously fed points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a terminal multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna device and an antenna signal transmission method.
  • MIMO terminal multiple input multiple output
  • MIMO is a key technology. Since mobile terminals are generally small in size and the spacing between antennas is small, it is difficult to achieve good isolation and low correlation coefficient. Therefore, how to ensure that the antenna has a high-performance working state such as miniaturization of broadband and high isolation in a small-sized wireless mobile terminal is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • Terminal antennas produced by LDS or brackets are relatively expensive. Although they have certain advantages in space utilization and internal device immunity, in some end products, cost factors occupy a more important position in diversified product competition. At this time, the low-cost advantage of PCB antennas is very important.
  • the present disclosure provides a terminal multi-input multi-output MIMO antenna device, comprising: a main board, a pair of antenna radiating units are respectively disposed at two ends of the main board, and a metal ground unit is disposed in an intermediate area of the main board 1 a first set of antenna radiating elements on one end region of the main board includes a top layer first radiating subunit and an underlying first radiating subunit disposed in the end region, and a second set of antenna radiating on the other end region of the main board
  • the unit includes a top layer second radiation subunit and a bottom layer second radiation subunit disposed in the end region, and the metal ground unit on the intermediate portion of the main board includes a top metal ground and an underlying metal ground, the bottom metal ground is disposed a first feed port and a second feed port.
  • the present disclosure further provides a signal transmission method for a terminal multiple input multiple output MIMO antenna apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: two radio frequency signals on a terminal device main board pass through two MIMO antenna devices The feed ports are respectively fed to the bottom layer first radiation subunit in the first group antenna radiating unit and the bottom layer second radiation subunit in the second group antenna radiating unit, so that the bottom first radiating subunit and the bottom layer second radiating The subunit energizes an operating current that is coupled into the top layer first radiation subunit of the first set of antenna radiating elements and the top second radiating subunit of the second set of antenna radiating elements.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3(b) is a schematic diagram showing the detailed structure of the bottom layer of the main antenna of the terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4(a) is a top detailed structural diagram of a terminal device diversity antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of high and low frequency independent tuning of a main antenna of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing radiation efficiency of a main antenna of a terminal device according to an implementation of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a radiation efficiency of a diversity diversity antenna of a terminal device according to an implementation of the present disclosure
  • the top layer first radiation subunit 61 can include a low frequency radiator 611, a resonant network 612, and a shorting stub 613, and the bottom first radiation subunit 63 includes a non-frequency varying monopole radiator 631 and a first Radiation patch 632.
  • the top metal ground 2, the top first radiating subunit 61 and the top second radiating subunit 62 may be co-located on one printed circuit layer of the main board 1, and the underlying metal ground 3, the bottom first radiating subunit 63
  • the bottom layer second radiation subunit 64, the first feed port 4 and the second feed port 5 may be co-located on another printed circuit layer of the main board 1.
  • the resonant network can include one or more inductors and capacitors.
  • the first set of radiating elements includes a top layer first radiating subunit 61 and a bottom layer first radiating subunit 63
  • the second set of radiating elements includes a top layer second radiating subunit 62 and an underlying second radiating subunit 64.
  • the top layer first radiation subunit 61 includes a low frequency radiator 611, a resonance network 612, and a shorting branch 613.
  • the underlying first radiation sub-unit 63 includes a non-frequency-changing monopole radiator 631 and a first radiation patch 632.
  • the low frequency radiator 611 is a U-shaped loop or a loop-like loop and exhibits magnetic coupling radiation characteristics.
  • the top layer second radiation sub-unit 62 includes a second radiation patch 621, a third radiation patch 622, and a fourth radiation patch 623.
  • the underlying second radiation sub-unit 64 includes a fifth radiating patch 641 and a sixth radiating patch 642.
  • the top metal ground 2, the top first radiating subunit 61 and the top second radiating subunit 62 are located on the same printed circuit layer of the main board 1; the underlying metal ground 3, the bottom first radiating subunit 63, and the bottom layer
  • the second radiation subunit 64, the first feed port 4 and the second feed port 5 are located on another printed circuit layer of the main board 1.
  • both ends of the main board 1 are metal-free regions, wherein the first metal-free region 71 (see FIG. 2) includes a region where the top first radiation sub-unit 61 is located, and a second metal-free region 72 (see FIG. 2). Included is the region where the top second radiation sub-unit 62 is located, the third metal-free region 73 (see FIG. 2) includes the region where the underlying first radiation sub-unit 63 is located, and the fourth metal-free region 74 (see FIG. 2) includes the underlying second radiation The area where the subunit 64 is located.
  • FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of a first metal free region 71 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 4(a) is a schematic illustration of a second metal free region 72 of an antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the top layer first radiation sub-unit 61 and the top layer second radiation sub-unit 62 are respectively located at the first metal-free region 71 and the second metal-free region 72 at both ends of the top layer of the main board.
  • the shape of the first metal-free region 71 and the second metal-free region 72 may be any regular or irregular shape, and is not limited to the shape adopted in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
  • FIG. 3(b) is implemented according to the present disclosure.
  • 4(b) is a schematic illustration of a fourth metal free region 74 of an antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the bottom layer first radiation sub-unit 63 and the bottom layer second radiation sub-unit 64 are respectively located at the third metal-free region 73 and the fourth metal-free region 74 at both ends of the bottom layer of the main board.
  • the shapes of the third metal-free region 73 and the fourth metal-free region 74 may be any regular or irregular shapes, and are not limited to the shapes employed in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the shapes of the first metal-free region 71 and the third metal region 73 need not be identical, and the shapes of the second metal-free region 72 and the fourth metal region 74 need not be identical.
  • the top layer first radiation subunit 61 includes a low frequency radiator 611, a resonance network 612, and a shorting branch 613.
  • the low frequency radiator 611 is connected to the shorting branch 613 via a resonant network 612, and the shorting branch 613 is connected to the metal ground located in the layer.
  • Resonant network 612 can include one or more inductors and capacitors.
  • the resonant network 612 can be comprised of a shunt capacitor 6121 and a shunt inductor 6122. As shown in FIG.
  • the underlying first radiation sub-unit 63 includes a non-frequency-changing monopole antenna 631 and a first radiating patch 632 with a gap therebetween.
  • sub-antenna 631 may be a planar ultra-wideband non-frequency varying monopole antenna.
  • FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an antenna device of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the low frequency radiator 611 and the non-frequency-changing monopole radiator 631 are equivalent to a series array of multiple radiation inductors composed of radiation inductors LN, RN.
  • the gap between the low frequency radiator 611 and the non-frequency varying monopole radiator 631 generates a coupling capacitance Cse with the first radiation patch 632.
  • the shunt capacitor 6121 and the shunt inductor 6122 form an equivalent shunt capacitance or equivalent shunt inductances Lsh and Csh.
  • the top layer second radiation sub-unit 62 includes a second radiation patch 621, a third radiation patch 622, and a fourth radiation patch 623, with a gap left between the three, and a second
  • the radiation patch 621 is connected to the layer of metal ground through the first matching network 8.
  • the first matching network 8 can include one or more inductors and capacitors. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first matching network 8 is composed of one inductor.
  • the bottom layer second radiation subunit 64 includes a fifth radiation patch 641 and a sixth radiation patch 642, wherein the fifth radiation patch 641 passes through the second matching network 9 and the sixth radiation patch. 642 connected.
  • the fifth radiating patch 641 is connected to the sixth radiating patch 642 and has galvanic radiation characteristics.
  • the second matching network 9 can include one or more inductors and capacitors. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second matching network 9 is composed of one inductor.
  • the radio frequency signal on the main board of the terminal device is fed to the underlying first radiation sub-unit 63 through the first feed port 4 and the second feed port 5, respectively, during transmission.
  • the bottom layer second radiation subunit 64 causes the bottom layer first radiation subunit 63 and the bottom layer second radiation subunit 64 to ignite an operating current coupled to the top layer first radiation subunit 61 and the top layer second radiation subunit 62
  • the low frequency radiator 611 in the top layer first radiation subunit 61 is equivalent to a series resonance circuit, and the resonance network 612 is a parallel resonance circuit. The current passes through the low frequency radiator 611, enters the resonance network 612, and flows through the short circuit branch 613.
  • FIG. 9 is an isolation between two ports (ie, feed ports 4 and 5) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 9, the isolation between the two ports is greater than 15 dB over the full frequency band.
  • the present disclosure can have, for example, the following effects.
  • the main antenna ie, the first set of antenna radiating elements
  • the diversity antenna ie, the second set of antenna radiating elements
  • the main and auxiliary antennas adopt different forms
  • two The antenna elements are respectively disposed at both ends of the dielectric substrate to improve isolation.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

本公开提供了一种终端多输入多输出MIMO天线装置及天线信号传输方法。本公开提供的MIMO天线装置至少包括：主板，所述主板的两端区域分别置有一组天线辐射单元，所述主板的中间区域置有金属地单元，其中，所述主板的其中一端区域上的第一组天线辐射单元包括置于此端区域的顶层第一辐射子单元和底层第一辐射子单元，所述主板的另一端区域上的第二组天线辐射单元包括置于此端区域的顶层第二辐射子单元和底层第二辐射子单元，并且所述主板的中间区域上的金属地单元包括顶层金属地和底层金属地，所述底层金属地上布置有第一馈电端口和第二馈电端口。

Description

终端多输入多输出天线装置及实现天线信号传输方法 技术领域
本公开涉及无线通信技术，尤其涉及一种终端多输入多输出(Multiple Input Multiple Output，MIMO)天线装置和天线信号传输方法。
背景技术
在无线通信中，MIMO是关键的技术。由于移动终端设备一般体积都比较小，天线之间的间隔也很小，很难实现良好的隔离和低的相关性系数。因此如何在体积较小的无线移动终端保证天线具有小型化宽带高隔离等高性能的工作状态，是亟待解决的问题。
另外，工业化生产对成本、生产的稳定性、一致性、精度要求都较高。LDS或支架方式生产的终端天线成本相对高昂，虽然其在空间利用率上和抗内部器件干扰上有一定优势，但在一些终端产品中，成本因素在多样化的产品竞争中占据更重要的位置，此时PCB天线的低成本优势就显得非常重要。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种终端多输入多输出MIMO天线装置，至少包括：主板，所述主板的两端区域分别置有一组天线辐射单元，所述主板1的中间区域置有金属地单元，其中，所述主板的其中一端区域上的第一组天线辐射单元包括置于此端区域的顶层第一辐射子单元和底层第一辐射子单元，所述主板的另一端区域上的第二组天线辐射单元包括置于此端区域的顶层第二辐射子单元和底层第二辐射子单元，并且所述主板的中间区域上的金属地单元包括顶层金属地和底层金属地，所述底层金属地上布置有第一馈电端口和第二馈电端口。
本公开还提供了一种如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的终端多输入多输出MIMO天线装置的信号传输方法，包括以下步骤：终端设备主板上的射频信号通过MIMO天线装置的两个馈电端口分别馈入到 第一组天线辐射单元中的底层第一辐射子单元和第二组天线辐射单元中的底层第二辐射子单元，使底层第一辐射子单元和底层第二辐射子单元激起工作电流，该工作电流耦合到第一组天线辐射单元中的顶层第一辐射子单元和第二组天线辐射单元中的顶层第二辐射子单元中。
附图说明
图1为根据本公开实施实例终端设备的天线装置的结构示意图；
图2为根据本公开实施例终端设备天线拓扑单元的详细结构示意图；
图3(a)为根据本公开实施例的终端设备主天线的顶层详细结构示意图；
图3(b)为根据本公开实施例的终端设备主天线的底层详细结构示意图；
图4(a)为根据本公开实施例的终端设备分集天线的顶层详细结构示意图；
图4(b)为根据本公开实施例的终端设备分集天线的底层详细结构示意图；
图5为根据本公开实施例的终端设备主天线的等效电路图；
图6为根据本公开实施例的终端设备主天线高低频独立调谐原理图；
图7为根据本公开实施的终端设备主天线辐射效率图；
图8为根据本公开实施的终端设备分集天线辐射效率图；以及
图9为根据本公开实施的终端设备主天线和分集天线隔离度图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下文将结合具体实施方式对本公开技术方案作进一步详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。
关于无线通信中的MIMO技术，中国专利授权号CN201210107190公开了一种支持LTE MIMO技术的手机天线结构。该MIMO天线包括金属地面、主天线和分集天线。此天线是可以覆盖低频段的高性能LTE MIMO天线，且适于放置安装在手机等移动终端上。但是，该发明存在以下缺陷：一、所述天线元件均设置于天线支架上，使得天线结构突出于介质基板，导致天线的空间占有率增大、高度较高、集成度低；二、造成天线结构加工成本高，降低了其竞争力；三、天线尺寸大，主天线金属线长度为低频谐振长度1/4，分集天线带宽窄。
另外，为了实现性能优良的LTE天线，可能存在以下方法、及结构。
1)采用去耦技术的方法。这种技术在两个天线之间增加了一段去耦合网络，该网络由两根传输线和几个集总参数元件组成。但是该方法有以下几个缺点：一是占用了过多的PCB板空间，而且网络需要穿过整个PCB板，这在实际的设计中是不允许的；二是该方法只能在一个窄频段内实现良好的隔离与低的相关性，无法在多个宽频段内同时实现良好的隔离与低的相关性。
2)采用中和线技术以实现天线间的高隔离的方法。具体地，在两个相距很近的天线之间增加一根传输线，该传输线可以中和天线之间的耦合能量，实现高的隔离。但是，该方法的缺点也很明显：一是只能在很窄的频带内是实现高隔离；二是该方法不适合多频段工作，采用该方法在一个窄频段内可以实现高的隔离，但在其他频段内却使隔离变坏。而且，采用中和线技术后，两个天线依然对称，辐射方向还是会很接近，因此其低频段的包络相关性系数问题可能依然无法得到解决。
3)采用电磁超材料天线的方法。该方法采用两个电磁超材料来制作天线，因此天线尺寸较小。但是该方法也很难实现多频段工作，且在设计频段内天线的辐射效率也比较低。
4)采用分集天线侧边放置的方法。具体地，主天线放置在板子长边的端部，而分集天线放置在板子的侧边。两种天线的辐射方向各不相同，从而实现天线间高的隔离度和低的相关性系数，且辐射效率 较好。但是该方法需要占用几乎全部的侧面空间，很多时候手机厂商无法提供这样的空间给分集天线，这限制了该方法的应用范围。
可见，以上方法及其涉及的结构可能存在各种不同的缺陷或问题。
对此，本公开实施例提供一种终端MIMO天线装置。如图1所示，所述终端MIMO天线装置包括：主板1，该主板1分为两端区域和中间区域，中间区域为金属地单元，主要用于电路导通，所述金属地单元可分为顶层金属地2和底层金属地3，而底层金属地3上置有第一馈电端口4和第二馈电端口5。主板1的两端区域(也可以称为两端无金属区域)分别置有一组天线辐射单元6。一端区域的第一组天线辐射单元包括置于该区域的顶层第一辐射子单元61和置于该区域的底层第一辐射子单元63。另一端区域的第二组天线辐射单元则包括置于该区域的顶层第二辐射子单元62和置于该区域的底层第二辐射子单元64，如图2所示。
在发射过程中，终端设备主板上的射频信号通过第一馈电端口4和第二馈电端口5分别馈入到底层第一辐射子单元63和底层第二辐射子单元64，使底层第一辐射子单元63和底层第二辐射子单元64激起工作电流，该工作电流耦合到顶层第一辐射子单元61和顶层第二辐射子单元62中。
在一个实施例中，顶层第一辐射子单元61可以包括低频辐射体611、谐振网络612和短路枝节613，并且，底层第一辐射子单元63包括非频变单极子辐射体631和第一辐射贴片632。
也就是说，顶层第一辐射子单元61中的低频辐射体相当于一个串联谐振电路，谐振网络为一个并联谐振电路，电流通过低频辐射线，进入谐振网络，再通过短路枝节流入金属地。这形成了一个完整的谐振电路。
在一个实施例中，低频辐射体611为U型回路或类环形回路，并呈现磁耦辐射特性。
上述顶层第二辐射子单元62包括第二辐射贴片621、第三辐射贴片622和第四辐射贴片623，这三者之间留有空隙，且第二辐射贴 片621通过第一匹配网络8与所述顶层金属地2相连。
底层第二辐射子单元64包括第五辐射贴片641和第六辐射贴片642，其中第五辐射贴片641通过第二匹配网络9与第六辐射贴片642相连。第五辐射贴片641与第六辐射贴片642相连形成电偶辐射特性。
在一个实施例中，上述第一匹配网络8和第二匹配网络9可以采用一个电气元件，或者采用多个相同电气元件的串联和/或并联的组合，或者采用多个不同的电气元件的串联和/或并联的组合。本文中涉及的电器元件可以包括电感和电容。
在一个实施例中，顶层金属地2、顶层第一辐射子单元61和顶层第二辐射子单元62可以共同位于主板1的一个印刷电路层，并且底层金属地3、底层第一辐射子单元63、底层第二辐射子单元64、第一馈电端口4和第二馈电端口5则可以共同位于主板1的另一个印刷电路层。
另外，上述天线辐射单元/子单元的形状并不局限于本公开实施例附图中采用的形状，且辐射贴片的尺寸、辐射贴片间缝隙的大小不限于本公开实施例中所采用的尺寸。
所述无金属区域的形状可以是任意规则或者不规则的形状，并不限于本公开实施例附图中所采用的形状，主板顶层的无金属区域与主板底层无金属区域的形状也不需要完全相同。
所述谐振网络可以包括一个或多个电感和电容。
本申请不限于工作在本公开实施例中的频带范围。可以根据工作频段需求来调整天线的尺寸，以满足工作频带的要求。
本公开实施例还提供一种由终端多输入多输出MIMO天线装置进行的信号传输方法，所述方法可使用上述天线装置来实现。所述方法包括以下步骤：终端设备主板上的射频信号通过MIMO天线装置的两个馈电端口分别馈入到第一组天线辐射单元中的底层第一辐射子单元63和第二组天线辐射单元中的底层第二辐射子单元64，使底层第一辐射子单元63和底层第二辐射子单元64激起工作电流，该工作电流耦合到第一组天线辐射单元中的顶层第一辐射子单元61和第二组天线辐射单元中的顶层第二辐射子单元62中。
在一个实施例中，上述耦合的工作电流还通过第一组天线辐射单元中的顶层第一辐射子单元61中的低频辐射体进入谐振网络，再通过短路枝节流入金属地1形成完整的谐振电路。在一个实施例中，所述顶层第一辐射子单元61中低频辐射体611为U型回路或类环形回路，并呈现磁耦辐射特性。
由于上述方法的实现可以基于上述天线装置，因此上述方法的具体实施细节可参见上述装置对应的描述内容，在此不再赘述。
为更进一步阐述本公开为达成预定目标所采取的技术手段及功效，下面将结合附图及具体实施例对本公开进行详细描述。
如图1所示，本文公开的终端设备的天线装置包括：主板1、顶层金属地2、底层金属地3、第一馈电端口4、第二馈电端口5和两组天线辐射单元6。
如图2所示，第一组辐射单元包括顶层第一辐射子单元61和底层第一辐射子单元63，第二组辐射单元包括顶层第二辐射子单元62和底层第二辐射子单元64。
如图3(a)所示，顶层第一辐射子单元61包括低频辐射体611，谐振网络612和短路枝节613。如图3(b)所示，底层第一辐射子单元63包括非频变单极子辐射体631和第一辐射贴片632。在一个实施例中，低频辐射体611为U型回路或类环形回路，并呈现磁耦辐射特性。
如图3(a)所示，顶层第二辐射子单元62包括第二辐射贴片621、第三辐射贴片622和第四辐射贴片623。如图4(b)所示，底层第二辐射子单元64包括第五辐射贴片641和第六辐射贴片642。
在一个实施例中，顶层金属地2、顶层第一辐射子单元61和顶层第二辐射子单元62位于主板1的同一个印刷电路层；底层金属地3、底层第一辐射子单元63、底层第二辐射子单元64、第一馈电端口4和第二馈电端口5位于主板1的另一个印刷电路层。
在一个实施中，主板1的两端均为无金属区域，其中，第一无金属区域71(参见图2)包括顶层第一辐射子单元61所在区域，第二无金属区域72(参见图2)包括顶层第二辐射子单元62所在区域， 第三无金属区域73(参见图2)包括底层第一辐射子单元63所在区域，第四无金属区域74(参见图2)包括底层第二辐射子单元64所在区域。
图3(a)为根据本公开实施例第一无金属区域71示意图。图4(a)为根据本公开实施例天线第二无金属区域72示意图。在本公开实施例中，顶层第一辐射子单元61和顶层第二辐射子单元62分别位于主板顶层两端的第一无金属区域71和第二无金属区域72。所述第一无金属区域71和第二无金属区域72的形状可以是任意规则或者不规则的形状，并不限于本公开实施例中所采用的形状；图3(b)为根据本公开实施例天线第三无金属区域73示意图。图4(b)为根据本公开实施例天线第四无金属区域74示意图。底层第一辐射子单元63和底层第二辐射子单元64分别位于主板底层两端的第三无金属区域73和第四无金属区域74。所述第三无金属区域73和第四无金属区域74的形状可以是任意规则或者不规则的形状，并不限于本公开实施例中所采用的形状。第一无金属区域71和第三金属区域73的形状也不需要完全相同，第二无金属区域72和第四金属区域74的形状也不需要完全相同。
如图3(a)所示，在本公开实施例中，顶层第一辐射子单元61包括低频辐射体611、谐振网络612和短路枝节613。低频辐射体611通过谐振网络612与短路枝节613相连，短路枝节613与位于该层的金属地相连。谐振网络612可以包括一个或多个电感和电容。在一个实施例中，谐振网络612可以由一个并联电容6121和一个并联电感6122组成。如图3(b)所示，底层第一辐射子单元63包括非频变单极子天线631和第一辐射贴片632，该两者之间留有空隙。在一个实施例中，低频辐射体611和非频变单极子天线632之间有三个金属化通孔10。在一个实施例中，子天线631可以是平面超宽带非频变单极子天线。
图5为根据本公开实施例的终端设备的天线装置的等效电路图。如图5所示，低频辐射体611与非频变单极子辐射体631等效成辐射电感LN、RN组成的多辐射电感串联阵列。低频辐射体611与非频变 单极子辐射体631之间的缝隙与第一辐射贴片632产生耦合电容C se。并联电容6121和并联电感6122形成等效并联电容或等效并联电感Lsh和Csh。只要适当调整LN、Cse、Lsh、Csh的大小就可以控制天线装置的谐振状态，通过调整RN可以适当调整天线的匹配带宽及辐射效率。通过优化天线结构装置低频辐射体611与非频变单极子辐射体631的耦合缝隙大小、低频辐射体611的线宽及线长、优化并联电容6121和并联电感6122值的大小，可以调节谐振特性及匹配状态，最终可以完全覆盖LTE带宽。
图6为根据本公开实施例的高低频分离调谐的天线装置的等效电路图。低频辐射体611与非频变单极子辐射体631形成了低通滤波器。低通滤波特性隔离LTE高频的影响，使得低频辐射体611可以单独调谐。通过优化天线结构装置低频辐射体611与非频变单极子辐射体631的耦合大小及低频辐射体611的线长和线宽，可以调整低通滤波的滤波频段。通过优化非频变单极子辐射体631的尺寸、调整馈电端口的阻抗匹配，最终可以完全覆盖LTE带宽。
如图4(a)所示，顶层第二辐射子单元62包括第二辐射贴片621、第三辐射贴片622和第四辐射贴片623，该三者之间留有空隙，且第二辐射贴片621通过第一匹配网络8与该层金属地相连。第一匹配网络8可以包括一个或多个电感和电容。在本公开实施例中，第一匹配网络8由一个电感构成。如图4(b)所示，底层第二辐射子单元64包括第五辐射贴片641和第六辐射贴片642，其中第五辐射贴片641通过第二匹配网络9与第六辐射贴片642相连。第五辐射贴片641与第六辐射贴片642相连并具有电偶辐射特性。第二匹配网络9可以包括一个或多个电感和电容。在本公开实施例中，第二匹配网络9由一个电感构成。
基于上面描述的本公开的终端设备的天线装置，在发射过程中，终端设备主板上的射频信号通过第一馈电端口4和第二馈电端口5分别馈入到底层第一辐射子单元63和底层第二辐射子单元64，使底层第一辐射子单元63和底层第二辐射子单元64激起工作电流，该工作电流耦合到顶层第一辐射子单元61和顶层第二辐射子单元62中， 其中顶层第一辐射子单元61中的低频辐射体611相当于一个串联谐振电路，谐振网络612为一个并联谐振电路，电流通过低频辐射体611，进入谐振网络612，再通过短路枝节613流入顶层金属地2。这形成了一个完整的谐振匹配电路。
通过优化天线装置结构中低频辐射体611的形状和尺寸、优化天线装置结构中短路枝节613的形状和尺寸、优化天线装置结构中非频变单极子天线632的形状和尺寸、优化每一个辐射贴片的形状和尺寸、优化谐振网络以及两个匹配网络的位置和取值，可以调节天线装置的谐振状态和匹配状态，并最终达到完全覆盖目标带宽。
下面列举根据本公开实施例的天线装置的一个应用场合。
举例而言，可以将本公开实施例应用于终端主板上。主天线(即上述第一组天线辐射单元，包括顶层第一辐射子单元6161和顶层第二辐射子单元62)尺寸为0.04λx 0.12λ(其中λ为最低频率的波长)，分集天线尺寸为0.025λx 0.12λ，主板厚度可以为1mm。
图7为根据本公开实施例的主天线(即上述第一组天线辐射单元)辐射仿真辐射效率图。如图7所示，主天线在低频的辐射效率大于40％，在高频段天线的辐射效率的大于60％。可以看出，该终端天线装置覆盖了所需的LTE频段698MHz～960MHz以及1710MHz～2690MHz。因此，根据本公开实施例的天线具有高效率的特点，满足天线高性能的要求。
图8为根据本公开实施例的分集天线(即上述第二组天线辐射单元)辐射仿真辐射效率图。在本公开中，分集天线也可以称为副天线。如图8所示，副天线在低频的辐射效率大于30％，在高频段天线的辐射效率的大于70％。该天线覆盖了所需的LTE频段698MHz～960MHz以及1710MHz～2690MHz。因此，根据本公开实施例的天线具有高效率的特点，满足天线高性能的要求。
图9为根据本公开实施例的两端口(即馈电端口4和5)之间的隔离度。如图9所示，两端口之间的隔离度在全频段大于15dB。
从上述实施例可以看出，本公开可以具有例如以下效果。
首先，高低频辐射主体分开，主天线高频通过采用平面超宽带 非频变单极子天线(图3(b)中所示的631)来实现宽带化，主天线的低频通过采用辐射电感(图3(a)所示的611)来实现小型化高效率，在高低频之间通过采用低通的LC串联谐振回路来实现连接，所述连接处通低频、阻高频，因而在调整低频谐振带宽时，不影响高频的超宽带特性，可根据不同型号不同需求灵活调整。
其次，主天线(即第一组天线辐射单元)采用环状磁偶辐射，分集天线(即第二组天线辐射单元)采用单极子电偶辐射形式，主副天线采用不同形式，且两个天线元件分别设置于介质基板两端，提高了隔离度。
再者，根据本公开实施例的天线为直接印制在基板上的平面天线结构，这减小了体积、简化了工艺、并降低了成本。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序来指令相关硬件完成，所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，如只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。或者，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现。相应地，上述实施例中的各模块/单元可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。本申请不限制于任何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
以上所述仅为本公开的示例性实例而已，并非用于限定本公开的保护范围。凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种终端多输入多输出MIMO天线装置，至少包括：
    主板，所述主板的两端区域分别置有一组天线辐射单元，所述主板1的中间区域置有金属地单元，其中，
    所述主板的其中一端区域上的第一组天线辐射单元包括置于此端区域的顶层第一辐射子单元和底层第一辐射子单元，
    所述主板的另一端区域上的第二组天线辐射单元包括置于此端区域的顶层第二辐射子单元和底层第二辐射子单元，并且
    所述主板的中间区域上的金属地单元包括顶层金属地和底层金属地，所述底层金属地上布置有第一馈电端口和第二馈电端口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线装置，其中，
    所述主板上的射频信号通过所述底层金属地上的第一馈电端口和第二馈电端口分别馈入到底层第一辐射子单元和底层第二辐射子单元，使底层第一辐射子单元和底层第二辐射子单元激起工作电流，该工作电流耦合到顶层第一辐射子单元和顶层第二辐射子单元中。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的天线装置，其中，
    所述顶层第一辐射子单元包括低频辐射体、谐振网络和短路枝节，并且
    所述底层第一辐射子单元包括非频变单极子辐射体和第一辐射贴片。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的天线装置，其中，
    所述低频辐射体为U型回路或类环形回路，并呈现磁耦辐射特性。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的天线装置，其中，
    所述顶层第二辐射子单元包括第二辐射贴片、第三辐射贴片和 第四辐射贴片，其中，第二辐射贴片、第三辐射贴片和第四辐射贴片之间留有空隙，且所述第二辐射贴片通过第一匹配网络与所述顶层金属地相连。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的天线装置，其中，
    所述底层第二辐射子单元包括第五辐射贴片和第六辐射贴片，其中所述第五辐射贴片通过第二匹配网络与所述第六辐射贴片相连。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的天线装置，其中，
    所述第五辐射贴片与第六辐射贴片相连并具有电偶辐射特性。
  8. 如权利要求1或2所述的天线装置，其中，
    所述顶层金属地、顶层第一辐射子单元和顶层第二辐射子单元共同位于主板的一个印刷电路层，并且
    所述底层金属地、底层第一辐射子单元、底层第二辐射子单元、第一馈电端口和第二馈电端口共同位于主板的另一个印刷电路层。
  9. 一种由如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的终端多输入多输出MIMO天线装置进行的信号传输方法，包括以下步骤：
    终端设备主板上的射频信号通过MIMO天线装置的两个馈电端口分别馈入到第一组天线辐射单元中的底层第一辐射子单元和第二组天线辐射单元中的底层第二辐射子单元，使底层第一辐射子单元和底层第二辐射子单元激起工作电流，该工作电流耦合到第一组天线辐射单元中的顶层第一辐射子单元和第二组天线辐射单元中的顶层第二辐射子单元中。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，还包括以下步骤：
    耦合的工作电流通过第一组天线辐射单元中的顶层第一辐射子单元中的低频辐射体进入谐振网络，再通过短路枝节流入金属地。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，
    所述顶层第一辐射子单元中低频辐射体为U型回路或类环形回路，并呈现磁耦辐射特性。
PCT/CN2018/110224 2017-10-17 2018-10-15 终端多输入多输出天线装置及实现天线信号传输方法 Ceased WO2019076260A1 (zh)

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