WO2019076334A1 - 车辆及其纵梁 - Google Patents

车辆及其纵梁 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019076334A1
WO2019076334A1 PCT/CN2018/110789 CN2018110789W WO2019076334A1 WO 2019076334 A1 WO2019076334 A1 WO 2019076334A1 CN 2018110789 W CN2018110789 W CN 2018110789W WO 2019076334 A1 WO2019076334 A1 WO 2019076334A1
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Prior art keywords
section
vehicle
longitudinal beam
rib structure
middle section
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PCT/CN2018/110789
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘健
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NIO Nextev Ltd
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NIO Nextev Ltd
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Priority to EP18867805.6A priority Critical patent/EP3699063A4/en
Publication of WO2019076334A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019076334A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B62D25/088—Details of structures as upper supports for springs or dampers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D27/00—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
    • B62D27/02—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units rigid
    • B62D27/023—Assembly of structural joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D27/00—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
    • B62D27/02—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units rigid
    • B62D27/026—Connections by glue bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/008—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of light alloys, e.g. extruded

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a stringer for a vehicle.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising the above-described stringers.
  • the longitudinal beam is an important bearing in the body structure, and it is also a key component for energy absorption during collision. It needs to be paid attention to in the design of the body structure.
  • the stringer is linear and has a steel structure, it has a certain strength and can resist relatively large collision energy.
  • One aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle longitudinal beam including a front section, a middle section and a rear section extending in a traveling direction of the vehicle, the middle section being located between the front section and the rear section, the middle section being The front section and the rear section are bent upwardly in a vehicle height direction, so that a gap is formed between the middle section and the front section, between the middle section and the rear section in a height direction.
  • the middle section has a smaller width in the vehicle width direction than both the front section and the rear section.
  • the longitudinal beam is arranged with a rib structure on at least one side of the width direction thereof, and the rib structure is distributed on the front section, the middle section and the rear section.
  • the rib structure includes a plurality of ribs, and is formed by continuously arranging the plurality of ribs and the rib structure has a path along the extending direction of the longitudinal beam as a whole .
  • the rib structure is intersected in the middle portion, the connecting portion between the middle portion and the rear portion, and the connecting portion between the middle portion and the front portion The shape of the radiation.
  • the rib structure is formed in a shape in which a frame structure is superimposed with a shape of intersection or radiation in a side of a width direction of the middle section, and a zigzag shape is formed on the other side, wherein the The ends of any one of the ribs are connected to the ends of the other ribs.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle having a longitudinal beam disposed in a rear portion thereof according to any one of the preceding embodiments, the front section of the longitudinal beam connecting the sill beam, and the rear of the longitudinal beam The segment connects the anti-collision beam.
  • a mounting point for the air spring is disposed on the middle portion of the longitudinal beam, and the damper is disposed separately from the air spring and disposed inside the middle portion of the longitudinal beam.
  • the front section of the longitudinal beam and the sill beam are connected by a bolt and a structural glue.
  • the longitudinal beam is generally "a few" in shape, and the segments form a bending structure in the height direction for mounting the air spring.
  • the mid-section width of the stringer is abruptly reduced to allow room for other components to be installed.
  • the inside of the stringer is reinforced by the rib structure.
  • the rib structure is continuous to form a continuous force transfer path.
  • the rib structure in particular the main rib, follows the overall shape of the stringer.
  • the rib structure exhibits a variety of intersecting structures in the middle section and the longitudinal beam portion thereof, including an X shape, a radial shape, a cross shape, a m shape, a star shape, etc., which facilitates the transmission of force in multiple directions.
  • the rib structure may also be a shape in which the above-mentioned cross shape is superimposed with other shapes such as a frame structure, such as a field type, a rectangle, a square, a superposition of a diamond and an X shape, or the like.
  • a frame structure such as a field type, a rectangle, a square, a superposition of a diamond and an X shape, or the like.
  • the stringer of the present invention Due to the arrangement of the above rib structure, the stringer of the present invention has good strength and can meet the requirements of the rear impact at high speed.
  • the longitudinal beam of the invention is a rear longitudinal beam, arranged at the rear end of the vehicle, the front section is connected with the threshold, and the rear section is overlapped with the rear impact beam to form a complete transmission path from front to back.
  • connection of the stringers to the sills is an improved connection of the high strength bolts and the automotive structural glue combination.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a longitudinal beam according to the present invention, which is a front view;
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the stringer of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the path direction of the rib structure of the stringer according to the present invention, which shows one side of the longitudinal beam in the width direction;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the path of the rib structure in the longitudinal beam according to the present invention, which shows the other side of the stringer.
  • the stringers of the invention are used in vehicles, in particular electric vehicles.
  • the longitudinal beam is a rear longitudinal beam, is arranged at the rear of the vehicle and is made of an aluminum alloy.
  • the present invention has a stringer structure that is lightweight and has a collision-related regulation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal beam according to the present invention, which is a front view.
  • the stringer 1 includes a front section 11, a middle section 12 and a rear section 13 that extend in the direction of travel of the vehicle (i.e., the front-rear direction).
  • the middle section 12 is located between the front section 11 and the rear section 13.
  • the front section 11 and the rear section 13 are turned upward in the vehicle height direction to form a bending structure, that is, the middle section 12 of the longitudinal beam.
  • the stringer 1 is not linear, but forms a "several" shape.
  • the height difference h1 between the middle section and the front section is greater than the height difference h2 between the middle section and the rear section.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of the stringer of Figure 1.
  • the stringer has a variable width in the width direction of the vehicle.
  • the width of the middle section of the longitudinal beam is smaller than the width of the front section, and the width of the middle section of the longitudinal beam is smaller than the width of the rear section.
  • the width w of the middle section is much smaller than that of the front section or the rear section, that is, the minimum width of the longitudinal beam appears in the middle section. on.
  • the location of the middle section is associated with the position of the seat, mainly the second row of seats.
  • the lateral space occupied by the seat is larger, and the width of the longitudinal beam is narrower in the middle section.
  • the lateral space it can be used to retreat a certain space to satisfy The space requirement of the seat; in addition, the space for this part of the retreat can also be installed with the damper 5 for the frame, thereby arranging the damper and the air spring with cushioning effect separately to avoid integrating the two The resulting large size space requirements.
  • the mounting position of the damper 5 has been shown in the drawing. In this case, the inner section loses the inner space, which causes the longitudinal beam to narrow sharply at the middle.
  • a rib structure 14 is arranged on the front section 11, the middle section 12 and the rear section 13 on at least one side of the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal beam 1.
  • the rib structure 14 includes a plurality of ribs, and the ribs are continuously arranged to form a rib structure.
  • the so-called “continuously arranged” means that the ribs and the ribs are connected to each other, that is, the ends of each rib are connected with the ends of other ribs (which may be one rib or two, three or even more ribs). Thereby forming a continuous rib-joined structure.
  • the arrangement of the rib structures 14 follows a path in the direction in which the longitudinal beams extend. Because the rib structure forms a complete force transmission path, the strength of the stringer is strengthened.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show the specific path orientation of the rib structure of the stringer.
  • Fig. 3 shows the rib structure on one side in the width direction of the stringer
  • Fig. 4 shows the rib structure on the other side of the stringer.
  • the rib structure 14 includes a first section a in which the main rib extends substantially horizontally, a second section b in which the main rib extends obliquely upward, and a third section c in which the main rib extends substantially horizontally, and the main rib extends obliquely downward.
  • the fourth section d, and the fifth section e in which the main rib extends substantially horizontally (the order of the segments can be regarded as the direction of the collision force).
  • the first section a and the fifth section e substantially correspond to the rear section and the front section of the stringer, and the second section b, the third section c, and the fourth section e are bent structures.
  • the third section c substantially corresponds to the middle section of the longitudinal beam
  • the second section b is a connecting portion connecting the rear section and the middle section of the longitudinal beam
  • the fourth section d is a connecting portion between the middle section and the front section of the connecting longitudinal beam .
  • the ribs of the second section b, the third section c and the fourth section d are arranged in an intersecting structure, which may be an X shape, a radial shape, a cross shape, a m shape, a star shape, etc., wherein the main rib is inclined upward - Horizontal - the downwardly inclined path is presented, which facilitates the transmission of forces in all directions.
  • the middle section is the bent structure of the longitudinal beam as a whole and the width of the middle section is small, the middle section is the weak link of the longitudinal beam mechanics.
  • the rib structure of the middle section (third section) may also be arranged on one side (inner side) in a shape in which a cross shape and a frame structure such as a rectangle, a square or a diamond are superimposed, such as a field type, a rectangle, a square or a diamond shape and an X shape. Superposition, or superposition of the above-mentioned frame structure and the m-shaped shape, etc., wherein the main ribs are arranged in a horizontal direction.
  • the rib structure 14 is arranged in a zigzag shape.
  • the front section 11 of the stringer connects the sill beam 2 and the rear section 13 connects the rear impact beam 3.
  • the impact force is transmitted forward from the rear stage. Because of the arrangement of the rib structure, the force follows the stringer structure during the transfer process. Especially in the weak middle section, since the rib structure is crossed or radiated and the ribs are continuous between the ribs, the collision force can be dispersed in various preset directions, thereby effectively strengthening the strength of the stringers mechanically.
  • the front section 11 of the longitudinal beam is connected to the sill beam 2 by a high-strength bolt connection mating structural glue, and the structural glue is disposed on the joint surface of the longitudinal beam and the sill beam.
  • a mounting point 4 for the air spring is left on the middle section of the longitudinal beam, the damper is arranged separately from the air spring, the air spring is arranged on the longitudinal beam, and the damper 5 is arranged inside the longitudinal beam (see Fig. 2).
  • the longitudinal beam has good strength and can meet the requirements of rear collision at high speed, such as the 80km/h back collision speed specified by the American automobile safety technical regulations fmvss 301.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆及其纵梁，纵梁（1）包括沿车辆行进方向延伸的前段（11）、中段（12）和后段（13），中段（12）位于前段（11）和后段（13）之间，中段（12）为自前段（11）和后段（13）沿车辆高度方向向上转折的折弯结构，从而中段（12）与前段（11）之间、中段（12）和后段（13）之间均在高度方向上具有落差。纵梁（1）具有可靠的强度。

Description

车辆及其纵梁 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆的纵梁。
本发明还涉及一种包括上述纵梁的车辆。
背景技术
纵梁是车身结构中重要的承载件，同时也是碰撞时吸能的关键部件，在车身结构设计中需要重点关注。当纵梁是直线型且具有钢结构时，其具有一定的强度，能抵抗比较大的碰撞能量。
发明内容
本发明涉及的一个方面是提供了一种车辆纵梁，其包括沿车辆行进方向延伸的前段、中段和后段，所述中段位于所述前段和所述后段之间，所述中段为自所述前段和所述后段沿车辆高度方向向上转折的折弯结构，从而所述中段与所述前段之间、所述中段和所述后段之间均在高度方向上具有落差。
其中，在所述车辆纵梁中，所述中段在车辆宽度方向上具有比所述前段和所述后段都小的宽度。
其中，在所述车辆纵梁中，所述纵梁在其宽度方向的至少一侧上布置有筋结构，所述筋结构分布在所述前段、所述中段和所述后段上。
其中，在所述车辆纵梁中，所述筋结构包括多条筋，并且由所述多条筋连续地布置而形成且所述筋结构具有在整体上沿循所述纵梁延伸方向的路径。
其中，在所述车辆纵梁中，所述筋结构在所述中段、所述中段与所述后段之间的连接部分、以及所述中段与所述前段之间的连接部分内为交叉或辐射的形状。
其中，在所述车辆纵梁中，所述筋结构在所述中段的宽度方向的一侧呈现为框架结构与交叉或辐射的形状叠加的形状，在另一侧呈现为锯齿形，其中所述筋结构的任意一条筋的端部与其他筋的端部连接。
本发明涉及的另一个方面是提供了一种车辆，所述车辆在其后面部分设置前述任意一种实施方式所述的纵梁，所述纵梁的前段连接门槛梁，所述纵梁的 后段连接防撞梁。
其中，在所述车辆中，所述纵梁的中段上设置用于空气弹簧的安装点，减振器与所述空气弹簧分开设置并且设置在所述纵梁的中段的内侧。
其中，在所述车辆中，所述纵梁的前段与所述门槛梁通过螺栓和结构胶连接。
纵梁整体呈“几”字型，其中段形成高度方向上的折弯结构以用于安装空气弹簧。在横向上(车辆宽度方向)，纵梁的中段宽度是陡然减小的，以留出安装其他部件的空间。
纵梁内部通过设置筋结构以加强自身强度。筋结构是连续的，以形成连续的力传递路径。筋结构特别是主筋沿循纵梁的整体形状。筋结构在中段及其附近的纵梁部分呈现出多种交叉的结构，包括X形、辐射形、十字形、米字形、星型等，有利于力朝多个方向传递。在力学上的薄弱环节(即中段)处，筋结构还可以呈现为上述交叉形状与其他形状如框架结构叠加的形状，如田字型、矩形、方形、菱形与X形的叠加、或上述这些框架结构与米字的叠加等。
由于上述筋结构的布置，本发明的纵梁具有良好的强度，可以满足高速下的后碰要求。
本发明的纵梁为后纵梁，布置于车内后端，前段连接门槛量，后段搭接后防撞梁，从前至后形成完整的传递路径。
纵梁与门槛量的连接为改进的高强度螺栓和汽车结构胶组合的连接方式。
通过以下参考附图的详细说明，本发明的其他方面和特征变得明显。但是应当知道，该附图仅仅为解释的目的设计，而不是作为本发明的范围的限定，这是因为其应当参考附加的权利要求。还应当知道，附图仅仅意图概念地说明此处描述的结构和流程，除非另外指出，不必要依比例绘制附图。
附图说明
结合附图参阅以下具体实施方式的详细说明，将更加充分地理解本发明，附图中同样的参考附图标记始终指代视图中同样的元件。其中：
图1为本发明涉及的纵梁的一种实施例的结构示意图，该图为主视图；
图2为图1中纵梁的俯视图；
图3为本发明涉及的纵梁中筋结构的路径走向的示意图，该图所示为纵梁的沿宽 度方向的一侧；以及
图4为本发明涉及的纵梁中筋结构的路径走向的示意图，该图所示为纵梁的另一侧。
具体实施方式
为帮助本领域的技术人员能够确切地理解本发明要求保护的主题，下面结合附图详细描述本发明的具体实施方式。
本发明涉及的纵梁用于车上，尤其是电动汽车。该纵梁为后纵梁，布置在车后部且由铝合金制成。本发明具有质量轻且具有满足碰撞相关法规的纵梁结构。
参见图1，图1为本发明涉及的纵梁的结构示意图，该图为主视图。该纵梁1包括沿车辆行进方向(即前后方向)延伸的前段11、中段12和后段13。中段12位于前段11和后段13之间。自前段11和后段13沿车辆高度方向向上转折形成折弯结构，即为纵梁的中段12。整体上看，纵梁1不是直线型的，而是形成“几”字形状。中段12和前段11之间、以及中段12和后段13之间都有一定距离的高度上的落差。从图上可以看到，中段和前段之间高度差h1大于中段和后段之间的高度差h2。
参见图2，图2为图1中的纵梁的俯视图。由图可见，纵梁具有车辆宽度方向上的可变宽度。纵梁的中段宽度小于前段宽度，纵梁的中段宽度还小于后段宽度，由图可见，中段宽度w比前段或后段要小得多，也就是说，纵梁的最小宽度出现在其中段上。中段所在的位置在车内与座椅、主要是第二排座椅的位置有关联。当座椅宽度较宽时(如三人座)，座椅挤占的侧向空间较大，纵梁在中段处宽度设置较窄，在侧向空间上，可以用于退让出一定的空间来满足座椅的空间要求；再者，该部分退让出来的空间还可以安装用于车架的减振器5，进而让减振器和具有缓冲作用的空气弹簧分开布置，避免将两者集成在一起导致的大尺寸布置空间要求。图中已示出了减振器5的安装位置。在这种情况下，中段损失了内侧空间，这就导致纵梁在中段处宽度急剧变窄。
回到图1，纵梁1的沿宽度方向的至少一侧上在前段11、中段12和后段13上布置有筋结构14。由图可看到，该筋结构14包括多条筋，并且这些筋连续地布置以构成筋结构。所谓“连续地布置”指筋与筋之间为相互连接，即每条筋 的端部都与其他筋(可以是一条筋也可以是两条、三条甚至更多条筋)的端部连接，从而形成连续的筋连接的结构。从整体上看，筋结构14的布置沿循纵梁延伸方向的路径。因为筋结构形成了完整的力传递路径，加强了纵梁强度。
图3和图4示出了纵梁的筋结构的具体路径走向。图3示出的是纵梁的沿宽度方向一侧的筋结构，图4示出了纵梁的另一侧的筋结构。详见图3，筋结构14包括主筋基本水平延伸的第一区段a，主筋倾斜地向上延伸的第二区段b，主筋基本水平延伸的第三区段c，主筋倾斜地向下延伸的第四区段d，和主筋基本水平延伸的第五区段e(区段顺序可视为碰撞力的方向)。第一区段a和第五区段e大致对应于纵梁的后段和前段，第二区段b、第三区段c、第四区段e为折弯结构。第三区段c大致对应于纵梁的中段，第二区段b为连接纵梁后段和中段之间的连接部分，以及第四区段d为连接纵梁中段和前段之间的连接部分。其中，第二区段b、第三区段c和第四区段d的筋布置成交叉的结构，可以是X形、辐射形、十字形、米字形、星型等，其中主筋以倾斜向上——水平——倾斜向下的路径呈现，这样有利于力朝各个方向传递。
由于中段是纵梁整体上的折弯结构而且中段宽度小，因此中段是纵梁力学上的薄弱环节。中段(第三区段)的筋结构在一侧(内侧)上还可以布置成交叉形状与框架结构如矩形、方形或菱形叠加的形状，如田字型、矩形、方形或菱形与X形的叠加、或上述这些框架结构与米字形的叠加等，其中主筋布置为水平方向。在另一侧(外侧)上，参见图4，筋结构14布置为锯齿形。
无论筋结构以哪种结构或形状布置，都需确保筋是连续的，筋与筋之间是相互连接的，每条筋的端部都与其他筋的端部连接，从而整体上形成完整连续的力传递路径，以加强纵梁的整体强度。
回到图1，纵梁的前段11连接门槛梁2，后段13连接后防撞梁3。当车辆受到后碰撞力时，冲击力从后段向前传递。因为筋结构的布置，所以力在传递过程中沿循纵梁结构。特别是在薄弱的中段，由于筋结构呈现为交叉或辐射状且筋与筋之间是连续的，碰撞力能朝各个预设的方向分散，从而在力学上有效加强了纵梁的强度。
纵梁的前段11通过高强度螺栓连接配合结构胶与门槛梁2连接，结构胶设置在纵梁与门槛梁的结合面上。
纵梁的中段上留有用于空气弹簧的安装点4，减振器与空气弹簧分开布置，空气弹簧布置在纵梁上，减振器5布置在纵梁内侧(见图2)。
本纵梁具有良好的强度，可以满足高速下的后面碰撞要求，例如美国汽车安全技术法规fmvss 301规定的80km/h的后碰速度。
虽然已详细地示出并描述了本发明的具体实施例以说明本发明的原理，但应理解的是，本发明可以其它方式实施而不脱离这样的原理。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种车辆纵梁(1)，其包括沿车辆行进方向延伸的前段(11)、中段(12)和后段(13)，所述中段(12)位于所述前段(11)和所述后段(13)之间，其特征是：所述中段(12)为自所述前段(11)和所述后段(13)沿车辆高度方向向上转折的折弯结构，从而所述中段(12)与所述前段(11)之间、所述中段(12)和所述后段(13)之间均在所述高度方向上具有落差。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆纵梁，其特征是：所述中段(12)在车辆宽度方向上具有比所述前段(11)和比所述后段(13)都小的宽度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆纵梁，其特征是：所述纵梁(1)在其宽度方向的至少一侧上布置有筋结构(14)，所述筋结构(14)分布在所述前段(11)、所述中段(12)和所述后段(13)上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的车辆纵梁，其特征是：所述筋结构(14)包括多条筋，并且由所述多条筋连续地布置而形成且所述筋结构(14)具有在整体上沿循所述纵梁延伸方向的路径。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的车辆纵梁，其特征是：所述筋结构(14)在所述中段(12)、所述中段(12)与所述后段(13)之间的连接部分、以及所述中段(12)与所述前段(11)之间的连接部分内为交叉或辐射的形状。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的车辆纵梁，其特征是：所述筋结构(14)在所述中段(12)的宽度方向上的一侧呈现为框架结构与交叉或辐射的形状叠加的形状，在另一侧呈现为锯齿形，其中所述筋结构(14)的任意一条筋的端部与其他筋的端部连接。
  7. 一种车辆，所述车辆在其后面部分设置根据权利要求1‐6中任一项所述的纵梁(1)，所述纵梁的前段(11)连接门槛梁(2)，所述纵梁的后段(13)连接防撞梁(3)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的车辆，其特征是：所述纵梁的中段(12)上设置用于空气弹簧的安装点(4)，减振器(5)与所述空气弹簧分开设置并且设置在所述纵梁的中段(12)的内侧。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的车辆，其特征是：所述纵梁的前段(11)与所述门槛梁(2) 通过螺栓和结构胶连接。
PCT/CN2018/110789 2017-10-20 2018-10-18 车辆及其纵梁 Ceased WO2019076334A1 (zh)

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