WO2019080482A1 - 快速加热冷轧带钢的装置与方法 - Google Patents

快速加热冷轧带钢的装置与方法

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Publication number
WO2019080482A1
WO2019080482A1 PCT/CN2018/087069 CN2018087069W WO2019080482A1 WO 2019080482 A1 WO2019080482 A1 WO 2019080482A1 CN 2018087069 W CN2018087069 W CN 2018087069W WO 2019080482 A1 WO2019080482 A1 WO 2019080482A1
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Prior art keywords
heating
heating section
temperature
section
strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/087069
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
章华兵
李国保
刘宝军
韩丹
张鑫强
崔光华
陈建兵
肖稳
赵自鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Priority to CA3075200A priority Critical patent/CA3075200C/en
Priority to EP18871319.2A priority patent/EP3702476A4/en
Priority to KR1020207008811A priority patent/KR20200047613A/ko
Priority to US16/650,074 priority patent/US11352680B2/en
Priority to AU2018357807A priority patent/AU2018357807B2/en
Priority to JP2020516851A priority patent/JP7117372B2/ja
Publication of WO2019080482A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019080482A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/101—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces
    • H05B6/103—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces multiple metal pieces successively being moved close to the inductor
    • H05B6/104—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces multiple metal pieces successively being moved close to the inductor metal pieces being elongated like wires or bands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/42—Induction heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/60—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with induction heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/62—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with direct resistance heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/362—Coil arrangements with flat coil conductors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B2001/225—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by hot-rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties characterised by the heat treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of steel production, in particular to a device and a method for rapidly heating an oriented silicon steel cold-rolled strip with a mass fraction of 4.5% or less.
  • a low iron loss high magnetic induction oriented silicon steel used as a transformer core requires extremely stringent temperature management requirements in the decarburization annealing process in its manufacturing process. If the strip temperature at the outlet of the heating section is low, the effective decarburization time is reduced, and the decarburization effect is poor; if the strip is heated at a high temperature in the heating section, the target soaking temperature may be exceeded in a short time, and a dense oxide film is formed too early. It hinders decarburization and decarburization is not good. In short, the temperature fluctuation of the heating section not only affects the decarburization stability but also causes the magnetic properties to fluctuate, and also greatly increases the incidence of surface defects of the finished product.
  • Induction heating methods are the most widely used and most mature methods compared to other rapid heating methods, such as energized rapid heating.
  • the Chinese patent discloses an annealing device whose heating section can be divided into three sections, wherein: the first heating section is a radiant heating section that uses gas heating or electric heating to heat the steel strip to less than the Curie temperature. Tc-50 ° C; the second heating section is a high-frequency induction heating section, the strip is heated to a Curie temperature Tc-30 ° C to a Curie temperature Tc - 5 ° C; the third heating section is similar to the structure of the first heating section, The radiant heating section heats the strip to a target temperature exceeding the Curie temperature Tc.
  • the first heating section is a radiant heating section that uses gas heating or electric heating to heat the steel strip to less than the Curie temperature. Tc-50 ° C
  • the second heating section is a high-frequency induction heating section, the strip is heated to a Curie temperature Tc-30 ° C to a Curie temperature Tc - 5 ° C
  • the third heating section is similar to the structure of the first heating section, The radiant heating section heats the strip
  • the main feature of the heating section of the annealing equipment is that there is a section of rapid induction heating in the middle of the heating section, the biggest disadvantage of which is: (1) subject to the maximum capacity of an induction heating device, the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section is usually It cannot be lower than the Curie temperature Tc-150 ° C, and the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section must be 500 ° C or more. For thick strip steel or unit speed, the outlet temperature of the first heating section needs to be further increased, otherwise the strip temperature at the exit of the second heating section cannot reach or approach the Curie temperature Tc, which leads to the strip width along the strip.
  • the temperature uniformity of the direction is deteriorated, thus restricting the further improvement of production efficiency; (2)
  • the rapid temperature rise curve is single, which is not conducive to precise control of the primary recrystallization texture, and the effect of improving the magnetic properties of the finished product is limited; (3) due to cold rolling
  • the surface state of the strip is fluctuated and the heating condition of the first heating section fluctuates.
  • the temperature of the outlet plate of the first heating section generally fluctuates greatly.
  • Chinese patent (CN104603298A) discloses an annealing device, wherein the heating section can be divided into four sections, wherein: the first section is an induction heating section, and at least one induction heating device is provided; and the second section is a length of 1 to 30 m.
  • the heating stop zone or the slow heating zone with a heating rate of 0 to 10 ° C / s, the second plate temperature is between 250 and 600 ° C;
  • the third segment is also the induction heating section, and is also equipped with at least one induction heating device;
  • the fourth paragraph is the conventional radiant heating section. It is important to point out that the role of the second stage is to make the temperature distribution inside the strip after rapid heating uniform, thereby achieving the shape and magnetic properties of the strip.
  • the main feature of the heating section of the annealing equipment is that two or more induction heating devices are used from the room temperature to rapidly raise the strip to the vicinity of the Curie temperature Tc.
  • the disadvantage of this method is: (1) due to the strip steel Heating at room temperature to near the Curie temperature Tc requires at least three or even four induction heating devices in series, otherwise the product specifications or unit speed are limited; (2) Since the cold rolled strip is subjected to a very high heating rate before the annealing is resumed It is necessary to add another temperature buffer at 250-600 °C. Otherwise, the shape and magnetic properties of the strip are deteriorated due to problems such as stress concentration and uneven plate temperature.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus and method for an oriented silicon steel cold-rolled strip with a high heating temperature and high precision of the heating section, excellent magnetic properties and surface quality, and a rapid heating mass fraction of 4.5% or less Si content. .
  • the present invention provides an apparatus and method for rapidly heating a cold-rolled strip by increasing two inductive heating devices in the middle of a heating section of a conventional annealing furnace to increase production efficiency and reduce energy consumption per ton of steel, and at the same time increase plate temperature. Control accuracy and quality of finished products.
  • an apparatus for rapidly heating a cold-rolled steel strip comprises a heating zone, a soaking zone and a cooling zone, and the heating zone is sequentially divided into first heating along a moving direction of the steel strip to be heated. a segment, a second heating segment, a third heating segment, and a fourth heating segment, wherein
  • the first heating section is provided with a first radiant heating mechanism by gas heating or electric heating, so that the first heating section can heat the strip to a temperature between 200 ° C and a target Curie temperature of 100 ° C or less. In the range;
  • the second heating section is capable of heating the strip to a temperature between 300 ° C and the target Curie temperature of 50 ° C Within the following range;
  • a third induction heating mechanism using a second induction coil is disposed in the third heating section, so that the third heating section can heat the steel strip to a temperature 30 ° C below the target Curie temperature Within the range of 3 ° C below the target Curie temperature;
  • the fourth heating section is provided with a second radiant heating mechanism by gas heating or electric heating, so that the fourth heating section can heat the strip to a temperature greater than the target Curie temperature.
  • At least one first plate thermometer of different wavelength is disposed between the first heating segment and the second heating segment, and at least one is disposed between the second heating segment and the third heating segment
  • a second plate thermometer of different wavelengths, at least one third plate thermometer of different wavelengths is disposed between the third heating section and the fourth heating section.
  • the first induction heating mechanism includes a first rectifier connected in sequence, a first inverter, and a first oscillation circuit including a first induction coil, the first inverter receiving the first rectifier provided The first direct current is converted into a first high frequency current and supplied to the first oscillating circuit;
  • the second induction heating mechanism includes a second rectifier connected in sequence, a second inverter, and a second oscillation including a second induction coil a loop, the second inverter receives the second direct current provided by the second rectifier and converts it into a second high frequency current to be supplied to the second oscillating circuit.
  • the current frequency of the first induction heating mechanism and the second induction heating mechanism ranges from 100 to 1000 KHz.
  • the present invention also provides a method of rapidly heating a cold-rolled strip by heating the strip to be heated using the above-described apparatus for rapidly heating the cold-rolled strip.
  • the first target plate temperature of the outlet of the first heating section is 400 to 550 °C.
  • the second target plate temperature of the outlet of the second heating section is set according to the heating rate of the third heating section, and the heating rate of the third heating section is 50-150 ° C / s.
  • the power control method of the second heating section is: adjusting the heating power of the second heating section according to a comparison result of the second target panel temperature and the detected value of the second panel thermometer.
  • the power control method of the third heating section is: setting an initial power of the third heating section and a third target panel temperature of the third heating section outlet, according to the third target panel temperature and the third A result of the comparison of the detected values of the plate thermometer, the heating power of the third heating section is adjusted based on the initial power.
  • the power control method of the third heating section is: setting a target impedance of the third heating section, and adjusting the third according to a comparison result of the target impedance and the operating impedance of the third heating section Heating power of the heating section.
  • the device and method for rapidly heating cold-rolled strip steel of the invention combines two induction heating devices in the middle of the heating zone of the conventional annealing furnace to form four sections of the heating zone, wherein the purpose of setting the first heating section is to effectively avoid Direct rapid heating at room temperature causes problems with strip type and magnetic properties; two induction heating sections of the second heating section and the third heating section are provided, and the overall length of the heating zone can be shortened compared with the existing one-stage induction heating section. And reduce the initial temperature of rapid heating, thereby increasing production efficiency and reducing energy consumption per ton of steel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for rapidly heating a cold-rolled strip according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first induction heating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an apparatus for rapidly heating a cold-rolled strip 10 includes a heating zone, a soaking zone, and a cooling zone.
  • the heating zone is sequentially divided into a first heating section 1, a second heating section 2, a third heating section 3 and a fourth heating section 4 along the moving direction of the strip 10 to be heated, specifically, the first heating section 1 And the fourth heating section 4 is a radiant heating section, and the second heating section 2 and the third heating section 3 are induction heating sections.
  • the first heating section 1 is provided with a first radiant heating mechanism 5 by gas heating or electric heating, so that the first heating section 1 can heat the strip 10 to a temperature of 200 ° C to the target residence.
  • the temperature is in the range of 100 °C.
  • the selection of the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section 1 mainly considers the safety and economy of the annealing furnace, and takes into consideration the quality requirements of the finished product.
  • the second heating section 2 is provided with a first induction heating mechanism using the first induction coil, so that the second heating section 2 can heat the steel strip 10 to a temperature ranging from 300 ° C to a target Curie temperature of 50 ° C.
  • the selection of the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section 2 mainly considers the requirements of the magnetic properties of the finished product, and takes into consideration the efficiency of induction heating.
  • the third heating section 3 is provided with a second induction heating mechanism using the second induction coil, so that the third heating section 3 can heat the steel strip 10 to a temperature 30 ° C below the target Curie temperature to below the target Curie temperature 3 Within the range of °C.
  • the closer the outlet plate temperature of the third heating section 3 is to the target Curie temperature the better the temperature uniformity of the strip 10 in the width direction, and the higher the use efficiency of the induction heating device.
  • the strip 10 reaches or approaches the target Curie temperature, a magnetic transition occurs, the magnetic permeability of the strip 10 is drastically lowered, and the heating efficiency of the strip 10 is also rapidly lowered. At this time, the voltage fluctuation of the induction heating device is large. It will affect the temperature uniformity of the length of the strip 10 and the stable operation of the induction heating device.
  • the fourth heating section 4 is provided with a second radiant heating mechanism 6 by gas heating or electric heating, so that the fourth heating section 4 can heat the strip 10 to a temperature greater than the target Curie temperature, thereby completing the strip steel. 10 heating process.
  • At least one first plate thermometer of different wavelength is disposed between the first heating section 1 and the second heating section 2, and at least one is disposed between the second heating section 2 and the third heating section 3.
  • a second plate thermometer of different wavelengths, at least one third plate thermometer of different wavelengths is disposed between the third heating section 3 and the fourth heating section 4, and the outlet plate temperature of each heating section can be accurately measured.
  • the first panel thermometer, the second panel thermometer and the third panel thermometer can all adopt an infrared temperature sensor, and the working principle is to measure the surface temperature of the strip 10 by a non-contact method.
  • the use of multiple wavelengths compensates for variable emissivity, light interference, and temperature calibration, so temperature measurement accuracy is higher in low temperature observations or in atmospheres containing steam.
  • At least one first plate thermometer is disposed between the first heating section 1 and the second heating section 2 for detecting the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section 1.
  • At least one second plate thermometer is disposed between the second heating section 2 and the third heating section 3 for detecting the actual plate temperature of the position strip 10.
  • the detection environment is good, but since the panel temperature is usually lower than 700 ° C, the strip 10 radiance is easily taken.
  • the influence of the surface state of the steel 10 can be improved by a plate thermometer which preferably has a plurality of wavelengths.
  • At least one third plate thermometer is disposed between the third heating section 3 and the fourth heating section 4 for detecting the actual plate temperature of the position strip 10. Since the position plate thermometer is susceptible to the radiant tube in the fourth heating section 4, and the outlet plate temperature of the third heating section 3 is usually below 750 ° C, the strip 10 radiance is also susceptible to the surface state of the strip 10 Effect, therefore, although the measurement accuracy can be improved by a plate thermometer of preferably a plurality of wavelengths, considering the importance of the longitudinal/transverse plate temperature control of the outlet of the third heating section 3, the measurement accuracy is usually not directly used for the plate temperature feedback. control.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first induction heating mechanism
  • the first induction heating mechanism includes a first rectifier 7 connected in sequence, a first inverter 8 and a first induction coil.
  • An oscillating circuit 9 supplies a first direct current to the first inverter 8 composed of a transistor through the first rectifier 7, and a first high frequency current is supplied from the first inverter 8 to the first oscillating circuit.
  • the second induction heating mechanism is similar to the first induction heating mechanism, and the second induction heating mechanism includes a second rectifier, a second inverter, and a second oscillation circuit including the second induction coil, which are sequentially connected to the transistor through the second rectifier.
  • the second inverter is configured to provide a second direct current, and the second inverter provides a second high frequency current to the second oscillating circuit.
  • the excitation current frequency of the induction heating mechanism has an important influence on the penetration depth of the induced current.
  • the lower the excitation current frequency the deeper the penetration depth of the induced current. If the thickness of the strip 10 is less than 2.5 times the penetration depth, the current is greatly weakened, making it difficult to perform low-cost heating. Therefore, if the current frequency of the first induction heating mechanism and the second induction heating mechanism is lower than 100 kHz, the penetration depth of the induced current is deep, and the surface temperature of the strip 10 is slow to rise, which is difficult to meet the process requirements of the thin strip 10; The current frequency is higher than 1000 kHz, and the manufacturing cost of the induction heating mechanism is significantly increased.
  • the current frequency of the first induction heating mechanism and the second induction heating mechanism ranges from 100 to 1000 kHz.
  • the current frequency ranges from 300 to 700 kHz, which can meet the rapid heating requirements of extremely thin gauges such as 0.15 mm thick oriented silicon steel, and can also control the manufacturing cost of the induction heating mechanism to a reasonable level.
  • the present invention also provides a method of rapidly heating the cold-rolled strip 10 by heating the strip 10 to be heated by the apparatus for rapidly heating the cold-rolled strip 10 of the above-described embodiment of the present invention.
  • the selection of the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section 1 mainly considers the safety and economy of the annealing furnace, and takes into consideration the quality requirements of the finished product. If the first target plate temperature T 1 at the outlet of the first heating section 1 is lower than 400 ° C, the furnace temperature in the first heating section 1 is usually lower than 750 ° C. For the high hydrogen protection atmosphere, the annealing furnace has a safety hazard. If the first target plate temperature T 1 at the outlet of the first heating section 1 is higher than 550 ° C, the operating economy of the induction heating device is lowered, and therefore, the first target plate temperature T 1 of the first heating section 1 is 400 to 550 ° C. .
  • the first radiant heating mechanism 5 is employed at 400 ° C or less, and the heating efficiency is high and the temperature uniformity of the strip 10 in the width direction is good, and the operating energy consumption can be further reduced by utilizing the heat of the exhaust gas in the soaking zone.
  • the second target panel temperature at the outlet of the second heating section 2 is set according to the temperature increase rate of the third heating section 3.
  • the temperature increase rate of the third heating section 3 is preferably from 50 to 150 ° C/s from the viewpoint of the magnetic properties of the finished product.
  • the power control method of the second heating section 2 is specifically: adjusting the heating power of the second heating section 2 according to the comparison result of the second target panel temperature T 2 and the detected value of the second panel thermometer.
  • the second target panel temperature setting value T 2A may be set in the control program, the second panel thermometer detection value is compared with the second target panel temperature setting value T 2A , and the induction heating power is dynamically adjusted.
  • the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section 2 approaches the second target plate temperature setting value T 2A , thereby achieving stable control of the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section 2, and dynamically adjusting the induction heating device according to the difference between T 2 and T 2A Operating voltage and operating current.
  • the power control method of the third heating section 3 is: setting the initial power of the third heating section 3 and the third target panel temperature of the outlet of the third heating section 3, according to the third target panel temperature and the third board As a result of the comparison of the detected values of the thermometer, the heating power of the third heating section 3 is adjusted based on the initial power.
  • the initial power P 20 is calculated as:
  • ⁇ is the density of the strip 10
  • E is the specific energy of the strip 10
  • R is the resistivity of the strip 10
  • ⁇ is the thickness of the strip 10
  • W is the width of the strip 10
  • V1 is the moving speed of strip 10
  • ⁇ T is the set temperature difference, which is the process parameter.
  • the calculation formula of the initial power P 20 is a theoretical formula. In the actual production process, it can be obtained based on the outlet plate temperature and the characteristic parameters of the strip 10, the strip size parameter and the process parameters.
  • K1 is a constant related to the material properties. In actual production, different K1 values can be given according to different strip 10 characteristics.
  • the third target panel temperature setting value T 3A at the outlet of the third heating section 3 can be set, and the detected value of the third panel thermometer is compared with the third target panel temperature setting value T 3A , and dynamically adjusted.
  • the induction heating power causes the outlet plate temperature of the third heating section 3 to approach the third target plate temperature setting value T 3A .
  • this setting method is equivalent to adding a dynamic compensation module based on the third target panel temperature setting value T 3A on the basis of the initial power.
  • at least two third plate thermometers, at least one third may be disposed between the third heating section 3 and the fourth heating section 4.
  • the plate thermometer is used for plate temperature compensation, and at least one third plate thermometer is used for plate temperature monitoring.
  • the target impedance Z 2A of the two induction heating mechanisms can be set in the control program, the operating impedance Z 2 is compared with the target impedance Z 2A , and the induction heating power is dynamically adjusted so that the operating impedance Z 2 approaches the target impedance Z 2A , that is, at the initial Based on the power, a dynamic compensation module based on the target impedance Z 2A is added.
  • the target impedance Z 2A is determined by the integrated induction heating theory and process requirements, and the influence of the strip 10 width needs to be considered.
  • the chemical element weight percentage is: C: 0.035 to 0.120%, Si: 2.9 to 4.5%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.20%, P: 0.005 to 0.050%, S: 0.005 to 0.012%, Als: 0.015 to 0.035% , N: 0.001 to 0.010%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.30%, Sn: 0.005 to 0.200%, V: ⁇ 0.0100%, and Ti: ⁇ 0.0100% of the slab is produced by the following steps: heating the slab at 1150 ° C Rolling to a hot-rolled sheet having a thickness of 2.3 mm; normalizing annealing; cold rolling to a target thickness, wherein the cold rolling thickness is 0.29 mm; cleaning the surface of the cold-rolled strip to remove rolling oil and iron; the decarburization annealing unit respectively Decarburization annealing is carried out by using a conventional radiant tube, a Chinese patent (CN101652485A) and an annealing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Comparative Example 1-2 corresponds to test data of a conventional radiant tube
  • Comparative Example 3-5 corresponds to test data of a Chinese patent (CN101652485A)
  • Examples 1-5 correspond to test data of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Comparative Example 3 to Comparative Example 5 the three-stage heating method disclosed in the Chinese patent (CN101652485A) was employed.
  • the unit speed of the comparative example 3 is 90 m/min, the outlet plate temperature T1 of the first heating section is 600 ° C, the energy consumption per ton of steel is decreased by 4.0%; the unit speed of the comparative example 4 is 90 m/min, and the first heating section outlet plate
  • the temperature T1 is 550 °C, and the energy consumption per ton of steel is decreased by 4.9%.
  • due to the low temperature rise initial temperature it is subject to the working capacity of an induction heating device, and the rapid temperature rise end temperature is low, which leads to poor decarburization effect.
  • the carbon content after decarburization was 41 ppm; the unit speed of Comparative Example 5 was 95 m/min, the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section was 600 ° C, and the energy consumption per ton of steel decreased by 8.2%, which was also subject to the capability of an induction heating device.
  • the carbon content after decarburization is still relatively high at 33 ppm.
  • the unit speeds of Examples 1 to 3 are both 90 m/min, and the outlet plate temperatures of the first heating section are 550 ° C, 500 ° C and 400 ° C, respectively, and the energy consumption per ton of steel decreases by 4.7%, 6.1% and 7.6%, respectively.
  • the carbon content after decarburization satisfies the requirement of ⁇ 30 ppm.
  • the unit speed of the embodiment 4 is 95 m/min, the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section is 520 ° C, the energy consumption per ton of steel is decreased by 10.6%; the unit speed of the embodiment 5 is 98 m/min, and the rapid temperature rise starting temperature is 540 ° C.
  • the energy consumption per ton of steel decreased by 12.1%.
  • the carbon content after decarburization of Comparative Example 9 and Comparative Example 10 met the process requirements. It can be seen that under the same conditions, the energy consumption per ton of steel in the technical solution of the invention is significantly reduced.
  • the decarburization annealing unit adopts the device for rapidly heating the cold-rolled strip steel according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the decarburization annealing unit has a speed of 90 m/min.
  • a multi-wavelength first plate thermometer is disposed between the first heating segment and the second heating segment, and a multi-wavelength second plate thermometer is disposed between the second heating segment and the third heating segment.
  • Two multi-wavelength third plate thermometers are disposed between the three heating sections and the fourth heating section. Among them, Table 2 counts the plate temperature under different induction heating power control modes.
  • the first induction heating mechanism and the second induction heating mechanism of Comparative Example 6 both adopt an initial power mode, wherein the initial power of the first induction heating mechanism is 150 KW, and the initial power of the second induction heating mechanism is 430 KW.
  • the average temperature of the outlet plate of the first heating section is 500.1 ° C, and the mean square error is 5.5 ° C; the average temperature of the outlet plate of the second heating section is 585.8 ° C, and the mean square error is 6.8 ° C; the average temperature of the outlet plate of the third heating section is 719.3 ° C.
  • the plate temperature average deviation is 5.1 ° C, and the surface defect rate of the finished product is 6.0%.
  • the first induction heating mechanism of Embodiment 6 adopts a panel temperature feedback power control mode, and the second induction heating mechanism adopts an initial power mode.
  • the average temperature of the outlet plate of the first heating section was 500.3 ° C, and the mean square error was 5.1 ° C, which was similar to that of Comparative Example 6.
  • the mean square error of the outlet plate was reduced to 0.08 °C. Since the temperature stability of the outlet plate of the second heating section is improved, by increasing the initial power of the second induction heating mechanism, the temperature fluctuation of the outlet plate of the third heating section is also correspondingly reduced, and the average temperature of the outlet plate is 729.8 ° C, and the mean square error is 1.3. °C, the average temperature of the exit plate is closer to the target Curie temperature of the strip, and the incidence of surface defects of the finished product drops to 1.5%.
  • the first induction heating mechanism in Embodiment 7 adopts a plate temperature feedback power control mode
  • the second induction heating mechanism adopts a plate temperature compensation power control mode
  • a third plate temperature gauge between the third heating segment and the fourth heating segment For plate temperature compensation, a third plate thermometer is used for plate temperature monitoring, and the third target plate temperature setting T 3A is set to 733 °C.
  • the temperature fluctuation of the outlet plate of the third heating section is further reduced, and the monitoring plate temperature meter shows that the average temperature of the outlet plate of the third heating section is 730.5 ° C, the mean square error is 1.0 ° C, and the incidence of surface defects of the finished product is reduced to ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the first induction heating mechanism adopts a plate temperature feedback power control mode
  • the second induction heating mechanism adopts an impedance compensation power control mode
  • the target impedance Z 2A is set to 1.6.
  • the temperature control of the outlet plate of the third heating section is relatively high, the average temperature of the outlet plate is 733.1 ° C, the mean square error is 0.6 ° C, and the incidence of surface defects of the finished product is reduced to ⁇ 0.5%.
  • control panel temperature of the second heating section in the sixth to the eighth embodiment and the outlet plate temperature of the third heating section are significantly improved, and the incidence of surface defects of the finished product is also obvious. decline.
  • Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 8 were heated by a conventional radiant tube, and Comparative Examples 9 to 11 were all heated by an annealing apparatus of the Chinese patent (CN101652485A).
  • the apparatus for rapidly heating the cold-rolled strip steel according to the embodiment of the present invention is used for heating, and the first induction heating mechanism is provided with a plate temperature feedback power control mode, and the second induction heating mechanism is controlled by impedance compensation power. the way.
  • Table 3 was obtained by collecting test data of the above test.
  • the cold rolling thickness of Comparative Example 7 is 0.29 mm
  • the unit speed is 90 m/min
  • the carbon content after decarburization satisfies the process requirement of ⁇ 30 ppm
  • the obtained magnetic induction B 8 is 1.916 T
  • iron loss P 17/50 was 0.974 W/Kg
  • the surface defect rate was 6.0%.
  • the unit speed of the comparative example 8 was 95 m/min.
  • the decarburization effect was poor due to the increase in the decarburization time of the unit speed.
  • the carbon content after decarburization was 48 ppm
  • the obtained magnetic induction B 8 was 1.865 T
  • the iron loss P 17/ 50 was 1.123 W/Kg
  • the surface defect incidence rate was 10.5%.
  • the cold rolling thickness of Comparative Example 9 was 0.29 mm, the unit speed was 90 m/min, the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section was between 590 and 610 ° C, and the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section was between 723 and 733 ° C, and cold rolling was performed.
  • the carbon content after decarburization of the plate satisfies the process requirement of ⁇ 30 ppm, and the obtained magnetic induction B 8 is 1.918 T, the iron loss P 17/50 is 0.968 W/Kg, and the surface defect incidence rate is 1.5%.
  • the cold rolling thickness of Comparative Example 10 was 0.29 mm, the unit speed was 95 m/min, the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section was between 610 and 630 ° C, and the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section was between 725 and 735 ° C, and cold rolling was performed.
  • the carbon content after decarburization of the sheet was 39 ppm, and the obtained magnetic induction B 8 was 1.905 T, the iron loss P 17/50 was 0.996 W/Kg, and the surface defect incidence was 2.4%.
  • the cold rolling thickness of Comparative Example 11 was 0.35 mm, the unit speed was 80 m/min, the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section was between 640 and 660 ° C, and the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section was between 716 and 728 ° C, and decarburization.
  • the carbon content after the film was 43 ppm, and the obtained magnetic induction B 8 was 1.884 T, the iron loss P 17/50 was 1.123 W/Kg, and the surface defect occurrence rate was 3.7%.
  • the cold rolling thickness of the embodiment 9 is 0.22 mm, the unit speed is 110 m/min, the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section is between 530 and 550 ° C, and the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section is controlled at 599 to 601 ° C, and the third heating is performed.
  • the exit plate temperature of the segment is between 730 and 736 ° C.
  • the carbon content after decarburization satisfies the process requirement of ⁇ 30 ppm.
  • the obtained magnetic induction B 8 is 1.932 T, and the iron loss P 17/50 is 0.837 W/Kg.
  • the incidence of surface defects ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the cold rolling thickness of the embodiment 10 is 0.29 mm, the unit speed is 90 m/min, the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section is between 490 and 510 ° C, and the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section is controlled at 599 to 601 ° C, and the third heating is performed.
  • the exit plate temperature of the segment is between 730 and 736 °C, and the carbon content after decarburization satisfies the process requirement of ⁇ 30 ppm.
  • the obtained magnetic induction B 8 is 1.935 T, the iron loss P 17/50 is 0.942 W/Kg, and the surface defect rate is ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the unit speed of the embodiment 11 is increased to 95 m/min
  • the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section is between 510 and 530 ° C
  • the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section is controlled at 609 to 611 ° C
  • the third heating is performed.
  • the exit plate temperature of the segment is between 730 and 736 °C
  • the carbon content after decarburization meets the process requirement of ⁇ 30 ppm.
  • the obtained magnetic induction B 8 is 1.938 T
  • the iron loss P 17/50 is 0.947 W/Kg.
  • the incidence of surface defects ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the unit speed of the embodiment 12 is further increased to 98 m/min
  • the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section is 530-550 ° C
  • the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section is controlled to be 619-621 ° C
  • the outlet plate temperature of the three heating sections is between 730 and 736 ° C.
  • the carbon content after decarburization satisfies the process requirement of ⁇ 30 ppm.
  • the obtained magnetic induction B 8 is 1.928 T and the iron loss P 17/50 is 0.953 W/Kg.
  • the incidence rate is ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the cold rolling thickness of the embodiment 13 is 0.35 mm, the unit speed is 80 m/min, the outlet plate temperature of the first heating section is between 570 and 590 ° C, and the outlet plate temperature of the second heating section is controlled to be 659 to 661 ° C, and the third heating is performed.
  • the exit plate temperature of the segment is between 727 and 733 °C, and the carbon content after decarburization satisfies the process requirement of ⁇ 30 ppm.
  • the obtained magnetic induction B 8 is 1.927 T, the iron loss P 17/50 is 1.097 W/Kg, and the surface defect rate ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the process setting of the embodiment of the invention is flexible, the magnetic properties of the finished product are excellent, the incidence of surface defects is low, and the speed of the unit can be further improved, thereby improving the production efficiency.
  • the device and method for rapidly heating the cold-rolled strip steel provided by the embodiments of the present invention can fully utilize the characteristics of high-frequency induction heating and rapid heating rate, and adopt the plate temperature segmentation control method to make the heating system strictly enforced.
  • the utility model can effectively overcome the influence of the fluctuation of the surface state of the strip steel and the fluctuation of the heating condition, the plate temperature control precision is high, and the magnetic properties and surface quality of the finished product are superior.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can very conveniently select the target plate temperature of each heating section, and by using the segmented heating rate to increase the temperature, the flexibility of the process setting and the adaptability of the product specifications can be enhanced.
  • the apparatus and method for rapidly heating the cold-rolled strip steel are not only suitable for rapidly heating the oriented silicon steel cold-rolled strip with a mass fraction of 4.5% or less, but also for any cold having a Curie point.
  • Rolled strip steel for example, ferritic stainless steel or martensitic stainless steel containing a Cr content of 18% or less by mass.

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Abstract

一种快速加热冷轧带钢(10)的装置与方法。快速加热冷轧带钢(10)的装置包括加热区、均热区和冷却区，加热区沿待加热的带钢(10)的移动方向依次被划分为第一加热段(1)、第二加热段(2)、第三加热段(3)和第四加热段(4)，第一加热段(1)和第四加热段(4)为辐射加热段，第二加热段(2)和第三加热段(3)为感应加热段。快速加热冷轧带钢(10)的方法，采用快速加热冷轧带钢(10)的装置对带钢(10)进行加热。

Description

快速加热冷轧带钢的装置与方法 技术领域
本发明涉及钢铁生产技术领域，尤其涉及一种快速加热质量分数4.5％以下Si含量的取向硅钢冷轧带钢的装置与方法。
背景技术
在金属带钢连续退火过程中，为了获得高品质的产品，通常需要严格管理加热温度与加热时间。例如，作为变压器铁芯用途的低铁损高磁感取向硅钢，在其制造过程中的脱碳退火工序，就需要采用极为严格的温度管理要求。如果带钢在加热段出口温度低，则有效脱碳时间减少，脱碳效果差；如果带钢在加热段出口温度高，可能短时间内超过目标均热温度，则会过早形成致密氧化膜阻碍脱碳，进而脱碳效果不佳。总之，加热段温度波动不但影响脱碳稳定性进而导致磁性能波动，还会大大增加成品表面缺陷的发生率。
近些年，取向硅钢冷轧带钢已越来越多地采用快速加热工艺进行热处理。相比其它快速加热方法，如通电快速加热等方法，感应加热方法的应用最为广泛，也最为成熟。
例如，中国专利(CN101652485A)公开了一种退火设备，其加热段可以划分为三段，其中：第1加热段为利用气体加热或电加热的辐射加热段，将钢带加热至小于居里温度Tc-50℃；第2加热段为高频感应加热段，将带钢加热至居里温度Tc-30℃至居里温度Tc-5℃；第3加热段与第1加热段结构类似，为辐射加热段，将带钢加热至超过居里温度Tc的目标温度。该退火设备的加热段的主要特点是，在加热段中间设有一段快速感应加热，其最大不足在于：(1)受制于一台感应加热装置的最大能力，第1加热段的出口板温通常不能低于居里温度Tc-150℃，并且第1加热段的出口板温必须为500℃以上。对于厚带钢或机组速度比较快的情况，第1加热段出口温度还需要进一步升高，否则第2加热段出口的带钢温度不能达到或接近居里温度Tc，进而导致带钢沿板宽方向的温度均匀性变差，因此，制约了生产效率的进一步提升；(2)快速升温曲线单一，不利于精确控制初次再结晶织构，成品磁性能改善效果受到限制；(3)由于冷轧带钢表面状态波动以及第1加热段加热工况波动，第1加热段出口板温通常波动较大，尽管可以利用高频感应加热的特性，实现第2 加热段出口板温的稳定控制，但前提是要采用类似该专利文献中所公开的复杂控制方案，板温控制技术要求高。
中国专利(CN104603298A)公开了一种退火设备，其加热段可以划分为四段，其中：第1段为感应加热段，配有至少1台感应加热装置；第2段为一长度为1～30m的加热停止区或者升温速度介于0～10℃/s的慢加热区，第2段板温介于250～600℃；第3段也为感应加热段，同样配有至少1台感应加热装置；第4段为常规辐射加热段。需要重点指出的是，第2段的作用是使快速加热后的带钢内温度分布均匀，从而实现带钢板形与磁性能提升。该退火设备的加热段的主要特点是，从室温即开始采用二台以上的感应加热装置，将带钢快速升温至居里温度Tc附近，该方法不足在于：(1)由于要将带钢从室温快速加热至居里温度Tc附近，需要串联至少三台甚至四台感应加热装置，否则产品规格或机组速度受到限制；(2)由于冷轧带钢在回复退火前即采用非常高的升温速度，需要在250～600℃另增一段温度缓冲区，否则因应力集中与板温不均匀等问题，带钢板形与磁性能劣化；(3)由于入口即采用内高非常小的感应加热装置，需要特殊化设计加热段炉压与保护气氛的控制方案，否则成品表面缺陷增加。因此，该方法的设备投入成本相对较高，且炉内气氛控制难度大。
针对现有技术的上述不足，本发明提供了一种加热段板温控制精度高、成品磁性能与表面质量优异的快速加热质量分数4.5％以下Si含量的取向硅钢冷轧带钢的装置与方法。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种快速加热冷轧带钢的装置与方法，通过在传统退火炉加热段中间串联两个感应加热装置，提高生产效率并降低吨钢能耗，同时提高板温控制精度以及成品质量。
为实现上述目的，本发明的一种快速加热冷轧带钢的装置，包括加热区、均热区和冷却区，所述加热区沿待加热的带钢的移动方向依次被划分为第一加热段、第二加热段、第三加热段和第四加热段，其中，
所述第一加热段中设有利用气体加热或电加热的第一辐射加热机构，使所述第一加热段能够将所述带钢加热至温度介于200℃至目标居里温度100℃以下的范围内；
所述第二加热段中设有利用第一感应线圈的第一感应加热机构，使所述第二加热段能够将所述带钢加热至温度介于300℃至所述目标居里温度50℃以下的范围内；
所述第三加热段中设有利用第二感应线圈的第二感应加热机构，使所述第三加热段能够将所述带钢加热至温度介于所述目标居里温度以下30℃至所述目标居里温度以下3℃的范围内；
所述第四加热段中设有利用气体加热或电加热的第二辐射加热机构，使所述第四加热段能够将带钢加热至温度大于所述目标居里温度的范围内。
进一步地，所述第一加热段与所述第二加热段之间设置有至少一个不同波长的第一板温计，所述第二加热段与所述第三加热段之间设置有至少一个不同波长的第二板温计，所述第三加热段与所述第四加热段之间设置有至少一个不同波长的第三板温计。
进一步地，所述第一感应加热机构包括依次连接的第一整流器、第一逆变器和含有第一感应线圈的第一振荡回路，所述第一逆变器接收所述第一整流器提供的第一直流电并转化为第一高频电流提供给所述第一振荡电路；所述第二感应加热机构包括依次连接的第二整流器、第二逆变器和含有第二感应线圈的第二振荡回路，所述第二逆变器接收所述第二整流器提供的第二直流电并转化为第二高频电流提供给所述第二振荡电路。
进一步地，所述第一感应加热机构和第二感应加热机构的电流频率的范围为100-1000KHz。
本发明还提供了一种快速加热冷轧带钢的方法，采用上述的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置对待加热的带钢进行加热。
进一步地，第一加热段出口的第一目标板温为400～550℃。
进一步地，根据第三加热段的升温速度设置第二加热段出口的第二目标板温，所述第三加热段的升温速度为50-150℃/s。
进一步地，所述第二加热段的功率控制方法为：根据所述第二目标板温和第二板温计的检测值的比较结果，调整所述第二加热段的加热功率。
进一步地，所述第三加热段的功率控制方法为：设置所述第三加热段的初始功率和所述第三加热段出口的第三目标板温，根据所述第三目标板温和第三板温计的检测值的比较结果，基于所述初始功率调整所述第三加热段的加热功率。
进一步地，所述第三加热段的功率控制方法为：设置所述第三加热段的目标阻抗，根据所述目标阻抗和所述第三加热段的运行阻抗的比较结果，调整所述第三加热段的加热功率。
本发明的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置与方法，在传统退火炉加热区中间串联两个感应加热装置，使加热区形成四段，其中，设置第一加热段的目的是为了有效地避免从室温直接 快速加热导致带钢板型和磁性能劣化的问题；设置第二加热段和第三加热段两个感应加热段，与现有的一段式感应加热段相比，可以缩短加热区的整体长度，并降低快速升温的起始温度，从而提升生产效率并降低吨钢能耗。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的第一感应加热机构的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面，结合附图，对本发明的结构以及工作原理等作进一步的说明。
如图1所示，本发明实施例的一种快速加热冷轧带钢10的装置，包括加热区、均热区和冷却区。其中，加热区沿待加热的带钢10的移动方向依次被划分为第一加热段1、第二加热段2、第三加热段3和第四加热段4，具体的，第一加热段1和第四加热段4为辐射加热段，第二加热段2和第三加热段3为感应加热段。
在本发明实施例中，第一加热段1中设有利用气体加热或电加热的第一辐射加热机构5，使第一加热段1能够将带钢10加热至温度介于200℃至目标居里温度100℃的范围内。其中，第一加热段1的出口板温选择主要考虑退火炉的安全性和经济性，兼顾成品质量要求。
第二加热段2中设有利用第一感应线圈的第一感应加热机构，使第二加热段2能够将带钢10加热至温度介于300℃至目标居里温度50℃的范围内。其中，第二加热段2的出口板温选择主要考虑成品磁性能要求，兼顾感应加热使用效率。
第三加热段3中设有利用第二感应线圈的第二感应加热机构，使第三加热段3能够将带钢10加热至温度介于目标居里温度以下30℃至目标居里温度以下3℃的范围内。其中，第三加热段3的出口板温越接近目标居里温度，带钢10沿宽度方向的温度均匀性越好，同时感应加热装置的使用效率也越高。另一方面，当带钢10到达或接近目标居里温度时，会发生磁性转变，带钢10的导磁率急剧降低，带钢10加热效率也迅速下降，此时感应加热装置的电压波动大，会影响带钢10长度方向的温度均匀性及感应加热装置稳定运行。
第四加热段4中设有利用气体加热或电加热的第二辐射加热机构6，使第四加热段4能够将带钢10加热至温度大于目标居里温度的范围内，从而完成对于带钢10的加热过程。
在本发明实施例中，第一加热段1与第二加热段2之间设置有至少一个不同波长的第一板温计，第二加热段2与第三加热段3之间设置有至少一个不同波长的第二板温计，第三加热段3与第四加热段4之间设置有至少一个不同波长的第三板温计，可以准确地测量出每一 个加热段的出口板温。在本发明实施例中，第一板温计、第二板温计和第三板温计均可以采用红外温度传感器，其工作原理为通过非接触的方式测量带钢10的表面温度。采用多波长可以对可变的发射率、光的干扰、温度校准进行补偿，因此低温观测时，或在含有蒸汽的气氛中测温精度更高。
具体地，在第一加热段1与第二加热段2之间设置有至少一个第一板温计，用于检测第一加热段1的出口板温。
第二加热段2与第三加热段3之间设置有至少一个第二板温计，用于检测该位置带钢10的实际板温。尽管该位置不受第一加热段1和第四加热段4中的辐射管工作状态的影响，检测环境良好，但由于该位置板温通常低于700℃，带钢10辐射率很容易受带钢10表面状态的影响，可以通过优选多个波长的板温计提高测量精度。
第三加热段3与第四加热段4之间设置有至少一个第三板温计，用于检测该位置带钢10的实际板温。由于该位置板温计容易受第四加热段4中的辐射管的影响，且第三加热段3的出口板温通常在750℃以下，带钢10辐射率也容易受带钢10表面状态的影响，因此，尽管可以通过优选多个波长的板温计提高测量精度，但考虑到第三加热段3的出口纵向/横向板温控制的重要性，该测量精度通常不能直接用于板温反馈控制。
在本发明实施例中，如图2所示为第一感应加热机构的结构示意图，第一感应加热机构包括依次连接的第一整流器7、第一逆变器8和含有第一感应线圈的第一振荡回路9，通过第一整流器7向由晶体管构成的第一逆变器8提供第一直流电，再由第一逆变器8向第一振荡电路提供第一高频电流。第二感应加热机构与第一感应加热机构相似，第二感应加热机构包括依次连接的第二整流器、第二逆变器和含有第二感应线圈的第二振荡回路，通过第二整流器向由晶体管构成的第二逆变器提供第二直流电，再由第二逆变器向第二振荡电路提供第二高频电流。
感应加热机构的励磁电流频率对感应电流的透入深度有重要影响，励磁电流频率越低，感应电流的透入深度越深。如果带钢10厚度小于透入深度的2.5倍，电流会被大大削弱，难以进行低成本的加热。由此，如果第一感应加热机构和第二感应加热机构的电流频率低于100kHz，感应电流透入深度较深，带钢10表面温度升温速度慢，难以满足薄带钢10的工艺要求；如果电流频率高于1000kHz，感应加热机构的制造成本显著增加，为了解决这个问题，在本发明实施例中，第一感应加热机构和第二感应加热机构的电流频率的范围为100-1000kHz。优选地，电流频率的范围为300-700kHz，既能满足极薄规格如0.15mm厚取向硅钢的快速加热要求，也可以将感应加热机构的制造成本控制在合理水平。
本发明还提供了一种快速加热冷轧带钢10的方法，采用上述的本发明实施例的快速加热冷轧带钢10的装置对待加热的带钢10进行加热。
在本发明实施例中，第一加热段1的出口板温选择主要考虑退火炉的安全性和经济性，兼顾成品质量要求。若第一加热段1出口的第一目标板温T 1低于400℃，则第一加热段1内炉温通常会低于750℃，对于高氢保护气氛，退火炉存在安全隐患。若第一加热段1出口的第一目标板温T 1高于550℃，感应加热装置的运行经济性会降低，因此，第一加热段1的第一目标板温T 1为400～550℃。此外，在400℃以下采用第一辐射加热机构5，其加热效率高且带钢10沿宽度方向的温度均匀性好，并可以利用均热区废气热量进一步降低运行能耗。
在本发明实施例中，根据第三加热段3的升温速度设置第二加热段2出口的第二目标板温。从成品磁性能角度考虑，第三加热段3的升温速度优选50～150℃/s。在确定第三加热段3升温速度后，即可以再根据公式T 2＝T 3-V 2/V 1×L 2确定第二加热段2的第二目标板温T 2，其中，T 3为第三加热段3的出口板温，L 2(m)为第二感应加热的线圈长度，V 1(m/s)为带钢10移动速度，V 2(℃/s)为第三加热段3升温速度。
在本发明实施例中，第二加热段2的功率控制方法具体为：根据第二目标板温T 2和第二板温计的检测值的比较结果，调整第二加热段2的加热功率。具体地，可以在控制程序中设定第二目标板温设定值T 2A，将第二板温计检测值和第二目标板温设定值T 2A进行比较，动态调整感应加热功率使第二加热段2的出口板温趋近第二目标板温设定值T 2A，进而实现第二加热段2的出口板温的稳定控制，根据T 2和T 2A差值动态调节感应加热装置的运行电压和运行电流。
在本发明实施例中，第三加热段3的功率控制方法为：设置第三加热段3的初始功率和第三加热段3出口的第三目标板温，根据第三目标板温和第三板温计的检测值的比较结果，基于初始功率调整所述第三加热段3的加热功率。
具体地，初始功率P 20的计算公式为：
P 20＝f(ρ,E,R,θ,W,V1,ΔT)
其中，ρ为带钢10的密度，E为带钢10的比能量，R为带钢10的电阻率，为带钢10特性参数；θ为带钢10的厚度，W为带钢10的宽度，为带钢10尺寸参数；V1为带钢10移动速度，ΔT为设定温差，为工艺参数。初始功率P 20的计算公式为理论公式，实际生产过程中，可以基于出口板温与带钢10特性参数、带钢10尺寸参数、工艺参数拟合得到。
对于材质相同的带钢10而言，初始功率P 20的计算公式可以简化为：
P 20＝K1·f(θ,W,V1,ΔT)
其中K1是与材料特性相关的常数。在实际生产中，可以根据不同带钢10特性给出不同K1值。
在控制程序中可以设定第三加热段3出口的第三目标板温设定值T 3A，将第三板温计的检测值和第三目标板温设定值T 3A进行比较，动态调整感应加热功率使第三加热段3的出口板温趋近第三目标板温设定值T 3A。由此可以看出，这一设置方法相当于在初始功率的基础上增加了基于第三目标板温设定值T 3A的动态补偿模块。为了方便对于此动态补偿模块的温度进行控制，需要实时了解板温情况，因此，可以在第三加热段3与第四加热段4之间设置至少两个第三板温计，至少一个第三板温计用于板温补偿，至少一个第三板温计用于板温监控。
在本发明另一实施例中，所述第三加热段3的功率控制方法还可以为：设置第三加热段3的目标阻抗，根据目标阻抗和第三加热段3的运行阻抗的比较结果，调整第三加热段3的加热功率。具体地，跟踪第三加热段3中的第二感应加热机构的运行阻抗Z 2＝U 2/I 2。其中，U 2为第二感应加热机构的运行电压，I 2为第二感应加热机构的运行电流。由于带钢10在到达或接近居里温度Tc时，会发生磁性转变，带钢10的阻抗会发生变化，因此可以利用这一物理特性，通过控制带钢10的阻抗进一步稳定出口板温。可以在控制程序中设定二感应加热机构的目标阻抗Z 2A，将运行阻抗Z 2和目标阻抗Z 2A进行比较，动态调整感应加热功率使运行阻抗Z 2趋近目标阻抗Z 2A，即在初始功率的基础上增加基于目标阻抗Z 2A的动态补偿模块。在实际生产过程中，目标阻抗Z 2A综合感应加热理论和工艺要求加以确定，并需要考虑带钢10宽度的影响。
下面可以结合几个实施例来具体说明本发明实施例的效果。
实施方式一
将化学元素重量百分含量为：C：0.035～0.120％，Si：2.9～4.5％，Mn：0.05～0.20％，P：0.005～0.050％，S：0.005～0.012％，Als：0.015～0.035％，N：0.001～0.010％，Cr：0.05～0.30％，Sn：0.005～0.200％，V：≤0.0100％，Ti：≤0.0100％的板坯按照下列步骤制造：将板坯于1150℃加热后热轧至厚度为2.3mm的热轧板；常化退火；冷轧到目标厚度，其中，冷轧厚度为0.29mm；清洗冷轧带钢表面，除去轧制油和铁分；脱碳退火机组分别采用传统辐射管、中国专利(CN101652485A)和本发明实施例的退火设备进行脱碳退火；渗氮处理；在钢板上进行MgO涂层后在气氛为100％H2、温度为1200℃的条件下进行20小时的高温退火；涂敷绝缘涂层以及热拉伸平整退火后得到取向硅钢成品。
检测不同试验条件下的脱碳退火机组吨钢能耗和带钢的脱碳效果，可以制成表1。其中，比较例1-2对应传统辐射管的试验数据，比较例3-5对应中国专利(CN101652485A)的试验数据，实施例1-5对应本发明实施例的试验数据。
表1不同试验条件下的试验数据对比表
Figure PCTCN2018087069-appb-000001
根据表1，可以以比例较1的吨钢能耗为基准进行能耗对比。比较例1与比较例2都采用传统辐射管加热方式。比较例1的机组速度为90m/min，为基准能耗。比较例2的机组速度提高至95m/min，吨钢能耗下降4.7％，但脱碳效果不佳，脱碳后的碳含量为48ppm。
比较例3～比较例5都采用中国专利(CN101652485A)中公开的三段式加热方式。比较例3的机组速度为90m/min，其第一加热段出口板温T1为600℃，吨钢能耗下降4.0％；比较例4的机组速度为90m/min，其第一加热段出口板温T1为550℃，吨钢能耗下降4.9％，但由于快速升温起始温度过低，受制于一台感应加热装置的工作能力，快速升温结束温度偏低，进而导致脱碳效果不佳，脱碳后的碳含量为41ppm；比较例5的机组速度为95m/min，其第一加热段出口板温为600℃，吨钢能耗下降8.2％，同样受制于一台感应加热装置的能力，脱碳后的碳含量仍相对较高，为33ppm。
实施例1～实施例3的机组速度都为90m/min，其第一加热段出口板温分别为550℃，500℃和400℃，吨钢能耗分别下降4.7％，6.1％和7.6％，脱碳后的碳含量满足<30ppm的要求。实施例4的机组速度为95m/min，其第一加热段出口板温为520℃，吨钢能耗下降10.6％；实施例5的机组速度为98m/min，快速升温起始温度为540℃，吨钢能耗下降12.1％， 比较例9和比较例10的脱碳后的碳含量都满足工艺要求。可见，在相同条件下，发明例技术方案的吨钢能耗有明显下降。
实施方式二
本实施方式二采用与实施方式一相同的制造步骤，并使冷轧厚度为0.29mm。脱碳退火机组采用本发明实施例的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置，脱碳退火机组速度为90m/min。在第一加热段与第二加热段之间设置有一个多波长的第一板温计，在第二加热段与第三加热段之间设置有一个多波长的第二板温计，在第三加热段与第四加热段之间设置有两个多波长的第三板温计。其中，表2统计了不同感应加热功率控制方式下的板温情况。
表2不同感应加热功率控制方式下的板温情况统计表
Figure PCTCN2018087069-appb-000002
其中，比较例6的第一感应加热机构和第二感应加热机构都采用初始功率模式，其中第一感应加热机构的初始功率为150KW，第二感应加热机构的初始功率为430KW。第一加热段的出口板温均值为500.1℃，均方差为5.5℃；第二加热段的出口板温均值为585.8℃，均方差为6.8℃；第三加热段的出口板温均值为719.3℃，板温均方差为5.1℃，成品表面缺陷发生率为6.0％。
实施例6的第一感应加热机构采用板温反馈功率控制模式，第二感应加热机构采用初始功率模式。第一加热段的出口板温均值为500.3℃，均方差为5.1℃，与比较例6相差不多。与比较例6相比，由于第二加热段采用板温反馈控制，其出口板温均方差缩小至0.08℃。由于第二加热段出口板温稳定性提高，因此通过增加第二感应加热机构的初始功率，使第三加热段的出口板温波动也相应缩小，出口板温均值为729.8℃，均方差为1.3℃，出口板温均值更加接近带钢的目标居里温度，成品表面缺陷发生率下降至1.5％。
实施例7中的第一感应加热机构采用板温反馈功率控制方式，第二感应加热机构采用板温补偿功率控制方式，在第三加热段与第四加热段之间的一个第三板温计用于板温补偿，一个第三板温计用于板温监控，第三目标板温设定值T 3A设定为733℃。相比实施例6， 第三加热段的出口板温波动进一步缩小，监控用板温计显示第三加热段的出口板温均值为730.5℃，均方差为1.0℃，成品表面缺陷发生率下降至<0.5％。
实施例8中，第一感应加热机构采用板温反馈功率控制方式，第二感应加热机构采用阻抗补偿功率控制方式，目标阻抗Z 2A设定为1.6。与实施例7类似，第三加热段的出口板温控制精度较高，出口板温均值为733.1℃，均方差为0.6℃，成品表面缺陷发生率下降至<0.5％。
可见，与比较例6相比，实施例6～实施例8中的第二加热段的出口板温与第三加热段的出口板温的控制精度均有明显提升，成品表面缺陷发生率也明显下降。
实施方式三
本实施方式三采用与实施方式一相同的制造步骤，但对第二加热段和第三加热段的控制方式进行改变。其中，比较例7和比较例8采用传统辐射管加热方式，比较例9～比较例11都采用中国专利(CN101652485A)的退火设备的加热方式。实施例9～比较例13中采用本发明实施例的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置进行加热，并且设置第一感应加热机构采用板温反馈功率控制方式，第二感应加热机构采用阻抗补偿功率控制方式。通过采集上述试验的试验数据，获得表3。
表3不同试验条件和加热功率控制方式下的试验数据对比表
Figure PCTCN2018087069-appb-000003
由表3中可见，比较例7的冷轧厚度为0.29mm，机组速度为90m/min，脱碳后的碳含量满足<30ppm工艺要求，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.916T，铁损P 17/50为0.974W/Kg，表面 缺陷发生率为6.0％。比较例8的机组速度为95m/min，因机组速度提高脱碳时间减少导致脱碳效果差，脱碳后的碳含量为48ppm，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.865T，铁损P 17/50为1.123W/Kg，表面缺陷发生率为10.5％。
比较例9的冷轧厚度为0.29mm，机组速度为90m/min，第一加热段的出口板温介于590～610℃，第二加热段的出口板温介于723～733℃之间，冷轧板脱碳后的碳含量满足<30ppm工艺要求，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.918T，铁损P 17/50为0.968W/Kg，表面缺陷发生率为1.5％。比较例10的冷轧厚度为0.29mm，机组速度为95m/min，第一加热段的出口板温介于610～630℃，第二加热段的出口板温介于725～735℃之间，冷轧板脱碳后的碳含量为39ppm，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.905T，铁损P 17/50为0.996W/Kg，表面缺陷发生率为2.4％。比较例11的冷轧厚度为0.35mm，机组速度为80m/min，第一加热段的出口板温介于640～660℃，第二加热段的出口板温介于716～728℃之间，脱碳后的碳含量为43ppm，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.884T，铁损P 17/50为1.123W/Kg，表面缺陷发生率为3.7％。
实施例9的冷轧厚度为0.22mm，机组速度为110m/min，第一加热段的出口板温介于530～550℃，第二加热段的出口板温控制在599～601℃，第三加热段的出口板温介于730～736℃，脱碳后的碳含量满足<30ppm工艺要求，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.932T，铁损P 17/50为0.837W/Kg，表面缺陷发生率＜0.5％。
实施例10的冷轧厚度为0.29mm，机组速度为90m/min，第一加热段的出口板温介于490～510℃，第二加热段的出口板温控制在599～601℃，第三加热段的出口板温介于730～736℃，脱碳后的碳含量满足<30ppm工艺要求，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.935T，铁损P 17/50为0.942W/Kg，表面缺陷发生率＜0.5％。
相比实施例10，实施例11的机组速度提高至95m/min，第一加热段的出口板温介于510～530℃，第二加热段的出口板温控制在609～611℃，第三加热段的出口板温介于730～736℃，脱碳后的碳含量满足<30ppm工艺要求，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.938T，铁损P 17/50为0.947W/Kg，表面缺陷发生率＜0.5％。
相比实施例11，实施例12的机组速度进一步提高至98m/min，第一加热段的出口板温为530～550℃，第二加热段的出口板温控制在为619～621℃，第三加热段的出口板温介于730～736℃，脱碳后的碳含量满足<30ppm工艺要求，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.928T，铁损P 17/50为0.953W/Kg，表面缺陷发生率＜0.5％。
实施例13的冷轧厚度为0.35mm，机组速度为80m/min，第一加热段的出口板温介于570～590℃，第二加热段的出口板温控制在659～661℃，第三加热段的出口板温介于 727～733℃，脱碳后的碳含量满足<30ppm工艺要求，获得的成品磁感B 8为1.927T，铁损P 17/50为1.097W/Kg，表面缺陷发生率＜0.5％。
可见，相比现有技术，本发明实施例的工艺设置灵活，成品磁性能优异，表面缺陷发生率低，且机组速度可以进一步提高，从而可以提升生产效率。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置与方法，能够充分利用高频感应加热升温速度快的特点，并且采用板温分段控制方式，使加热制度得到严格执行，可以有效克服带钢表面状态波动与加热工况波动的影响，板温控制精度高，成品磁性能与表面质量更为优异。另外，本发明实施例可以非常方便地选择各加热段目标板温，通过采用分段式加热速率进行升温，也可以增强工艺设定的灵活性以及使产品规格的适应性。并且本发明实施例提供的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置与方法，不仅适用于快速加热质量分数4.5％以下Si含量的取向硅钢冷轧带钢，还适用于任何一种具有居里点的冷轧带钢，例如含有质量分数18％以下Cr含量的铁素体系不锈钢或马氏体系不锈钢。
以上，仅为本发明的示意性描述，本领域技术人员应该知道，在不偏离本发明的工作原理的基础上，可以对本发明作出多种改进，这均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种快速加热冷轧带钢的装置，包括加热区、均热区和冷却区，其特征在于，所述加热区沿待加热的带钢的移动方向依次被划分为第一加热段、第二加热段、第三加热段和第四加热段，其中，
    所述第一加热段中设有利用气体加热或电加热的第一辐射加热机构，使所述第一加热段能够将所述带钢加热至温度介于200℃至目标居里温度-100℃的范围内；
    所述第二加热段中设有利用第一感应线圈的第一感应加热机构，使所述第二加热段能够将所述带钢加热至温度介于300℃至所述目标居里温度-50℃的范围内；
    所述第三加热段中设有利用第二感应线圈的第二感应加热机构，使所述第三加热段能够将所述带钢加热至温度介于所述目标居里温度-30℃至所述目标居里温度-3℃的范围内；
    所述第四加热段中设有利用气体加热或电加热的第二辐射加热机构，使所述第四加热段能够将带钢加热至温度大于所述目标居里温度的范围内。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置，其特征在于，所述第一加热段与所述第二加热段之间设置有至少一个不同波长的第一板温计，所述第二加热段与所述第三加热段之间设置有至少一个不同波长的第二板温计，所述第三加热段与所述第四加热段之间设置有至少一个不同波长的第三板温计。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置，其特征在于，所述第一感应加热机构包括依次连接的第一整流器、第一逆变器和含有第一感应线圈的第一振荡回路，所述第一逆变器接收所述第一整流器提供的第一直流电并转化为第一高频电流提供给所述第一振荡电路；所述第二感应加热机构包括依次连接的第二整流器、第二逆变器和含有第二感应线圈的第二振荡回路，所述第二逆变器接收所述第二整流器提供的第二直流电并转化为第二高频电流提供给所述第二振荡电路。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置，其特征在于，所述第一感应加热机构和第二感应加热机构的电流频率的范围为100-1000KHz。
  5. 一种快速加热冷轧带钢的方法，其特征在于，采用如权利要求1-4任一项所述的快速加热冷轧带钢的装置对待加热的带钢进行加热。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的快速加热冷轧带钢的方法，其特征在于，第一加热段出口的第一目标板温为400～550℃。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的快速加热冷轧带钢的方法，其特征在于，根据第三加热段的升温速度设置第二加热段出口的第二目标板温，所述第三加热段的升温速度为50-150℃/s。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的快速加热冷轧带钢的方法，其特征在于，所述第二加热段的功率控制方法为：根据所述第二目标板温和第二板温计的检测值的比较结果，调整所述第二加热段的加热功率。
  9. 如权利要求5所述的快速加热冷轧带钢的方法，其特征在于，所述第三加热段的功率控制方法为：设置所述第三加热段的初始功率和所述第三加热段出口的第三目标板温，根据所述第三目标板温和第三板温计的检测值的比较结果，基于所述初始功率调整所述第三加热段的加热功率。
  10. 如权利要求5所述的快速加热冷轧带钢的方法，其特征在于，所述第三加热段的功率控制方法为：设置所述第三加热段的目标阻抗，根据所述目标阻抗和所述第三加热段的运行阻抗的比较结果，调整所述第三加热段的加热功率。
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