WO2019088955A2 - Portable air-conditioning device - Google Patents

Portable air-conditioning device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019088955A2
WO2019088955A2 PCT/TR2018/050559 TR2018050559W WO2019088955A2 WO 2019088955 A2 WO2019088955 A2 WO 2019088955A2 TR 2018050559 W TR2018050559 W TR 2018050559W WO 2019088955 A2 WO2019088955 A2 WO 2019088955A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat storage
storage chamber
pcm
conditioning device
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/TR2018/050559
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2019088955A3 (en
Inventor
Arda KUYUMCU
Mehmet MUTLUDOGAN
Funda ERDEM
Ismail GERZELI
Isa TOSUN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arcelik AS
Original Assignee
Arcelik AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arcelik AS filed Critical Arcelik AS
Priority to EP18874754.7A priority Critical patent/EP3717834A4/en
Publication of WO2019088955A2 publication Critical patent/WO2019088955A2/en
Publication of WO2019088955A3 publication Critical patent/WO2019088955A3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
    • F24F1/022—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing comprising a compressor cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
    • F24F1/04—Arrangements for portability
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F24F5/0021—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using phase change material [PCM] for storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/1426—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means
    • F24F2013/146—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means with springs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a portable air-conditioning device.
  • air-conditioning devices comprise an internal unit and an external unit, and the heat drawn from the internal unit during cooling process is discharged to the outer environment by the external unit.
  • cooling process is usually performed by discharging the heat drawn from the environment to the outer environment by means of a vent extending outdoors through an aperture opened on a window or a wall.
  • the vent structure that enables heat to be discharged to the outer environment, restricts transportability of the air-conditioning device.
  • portable air- conditioning devices are not preferred by many users since an aperture to be opened on a window or a wall for the vent needs to be formed suitably, in order to obtain an efficient cooling performance by providing insulation between the ambience that requires cooling and the outer environment.
  • the patent application no. WO2017137327 (A1 ) relates to a transportable air-conditioning device.
  • the aim of the present invention is to realize a portable air-conditioning device with enhanced cooling performance, in which hot air passage to the outer environment is prevented.
  • the portable air-conditioning device provided to achieve the aim of the present invention is disclosed in the claims.
  • PCM packages phase change material packages
  • the PCM packages become unable to store heat after being used for a certain duration, so they should be removed for the regeneration (cooling) process from the heat storage chamber in which they are disposed.
  • the portable air conditioning device of the invention comprises flaps mounted on the front side of the heat storage chamber, such that they can be opened and closed by pivoting about a horizontal or vertical axis from one edge by means of a spring hinge.
  • Each flap opens towards into the heat storage chamber when the PCM package is being placed, and closes the front face of the heat storage chamber after the PCM package is placed and/or removed.
  • the flaps can open and close in down-up, up-down direction or rightwards-leftwards.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the portable air-conditioning device.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the heat storage chamber.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a heat storage chamber in which a PCM package is placed.
  • Figure 4 is a view of the detail A of Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a PCM package placed in a heat storage chamber comprising a flap opening upwards.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of a PCM package placed in a heat storage chamber comprising a flap opening downwards.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a heat storage chamber comprising flaps opening sideways.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of a heat storage chamber comprising symmetrical flaps.
  • the portable air-conditioning device (1 comprises a compressor (2) enabling the cooling cycle, a condenser (3) enabling heat discharge to the outer environment by condensing a refrigerant, a condenser chamber (4) in which the condenser (3) is placed, an evaporator (5) drawing heat from the environment by evaporating the refrigerant and enabling cooling the ambient air, an evaporator fan (6) delivering the air cooled by the evaporator (5) to the outer ambience where the user is, at least one phase change material (PCM) package (7) (hereinafter referred to as PCM package (7)) obtained by packing phase change material (PCM) with high heat storage capacity in a container (not shown in the figures), transferring and storing the heat of the condenser (3), and a heat storage chamber (8) in which the PCM packages (7) are placed, and at least one opening (1 1 ) disposed between the condenser chamber (4) and the heat storage chamber (8), enabling directing the waste heat dissi
  • the portable air-conditioning device (1 ) of the invention comprises at least one flap (10),
  • the PCM packages (7) are placed into the air-conditioning device from the front side of the heat storage chamber (8) facing the user. Phase change process of the PCM packages (7) end after the portable air-conditioning device (1 ) have operated for a certain duration, and the packages are removed from the heat storage chamber (8) by the user, in order to be cooled.
  • the flap (10) opens into the heat storage chamber (8) by the contact of the PCM package (7) or by being pushed by the user, and the spring hinge (9) is stressed in the meanwhile.
  • the flap (10) closes the front side of the region emptied by the PCM package (7) due to being pulled back by the spring hinge (9).
  • each flap (10) is connected to the heat storage chamber (8) from its upper edge by means of the spring hinge (9), and opens in down-up direction by pivoting about the upper horizontal axis ( Figure 5).
  • each flap (10) is connected to the heat storage chamber (8) from its lower edge by means of the spring hinge (9), and opens in up-down direction by pivoting about the lower horizontal axis ( Figure 6).
  • each flap (10) is connected to the heat storage chamber (8) from a side (right or left) edge by means of the spring hinge (9), and opens rightwards or leftwards by pivoting about the vertical axis ( Figure 7).
  • the portable air-conditioning device (1 ) comprises symmetrical flaps (10) shaped as saloon/bar doors, of which two is used for each PCM package (7), opening by pivoting in mutually opposite directions (one to the right and one to the left) about the vertical axis ( Figure 8).
  • the flaps (10) covering the front face of the heat storage chamber (8) and used individually for each PCM package (7) enable the PCM packages (7) to be placed into and removed from the heat storage chamber (8) independent of each other. For example, when only one of the PCM packages (7) is removed to be cooled, the portion emptied by the removed PCM package (7) is covered by the flap (10) moving by means of the spring hinge (9), and the heat coming through the opening (1 1 ) to the heat storage chamber (8) is stored by the other PCM packages (7).
  • the flap (10) enables sealing, prevents the heat of the condenser (4) and the compressor (3) coming through the opening (1 1 ) to the heat storage chamber (8) from escaping to the outer environment, thereby enhancing the cooling performance of the air-conditioning device (1 ).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a portable air-conditioning device (1), comprising a compressor (2) enabling the cooling cycle, a condenser (3) enabling heat to be discharged to the outer environment by condensing a refrigerant, a condenser chamber (4) in which the condenser (3) is placed, an evaporator (5) drawing heat from the ambiance by evaporating the refrigerant and enabling cooling of the ambient air, an evaporator fan (6) delivering the air cooled by the evaporator (5) to the outer ambiance where the user is, at least one PCM package (7) obtained by packing phase change material (PCM) with high heat storage capacity into a container, transferring and storing the heat of the condenser (3), and a heat storage chamber (8) in which the PCM packages (7) are placed.

Description

PORTABLE AIR-CONDITIONING DEVICE
The present invention relates to a portable air-conditioning device.
In general, air-conditioning devices comprise an internal unit and an external unit, and the heat drawn from the internal unit during cooling process is discharged to the outer environment by the external unit. In portable (transportable) air-conditioning devices, cooling process is usually performed by discharging the heat drawn from the environment to the outer environment by means of a vent extending outdoors through an aperture opened on a window or a wall. However, the vent structure that enables heat to be discharged to the outer environment, restricts transportability of the air-conditioning device. In addition, portable air- conditioning devices are not preferred by many users since an aperture to be opened on a window or a wall for the vent needs to be formed suitably, in order to obtain an efficient cooling performance by providing insulation between the ambiance that requires cooling and the outer environment. This problem can be eliminated with applications in which a part of such residual heat is stored in a thermal storage member without discharging. In portable air-conditioning devices, storage of residual heat which has to be discharged to the outer environment by a condenser using PCM packages made of phase change material (PCM) with high heat storage capacity, is known. Phase change process is completed after storing a specific amount of residual heat and the PCM packages become incapable of heat storage. In this case, PCM packages require being subjected to a regeneration process by means of cooling. The PCM packages should be removed and placed in a cooler-freezer device for the regeneration process. When the PCM packages are removed, the hot air released from the condenser passes to the outer environment, decreasing the cooling performance of the portable air-conditioning device.
The patent application no. DE3938875 (A1 ), discloses a portable air-conditioning device in which discharging of heat is eliminated by means of storing thermal energy on the phase change material.
The patent application no. WO2017137327 (A1 ) relates to a transportable air-conditioning device.
The aim of the present invention is to realize a portable air-conditioning device with enhanced cooling performance, in which hot air passage to the outer environment is prevented.
The portable air-conditioning device provided to achieve the aim of the present invention is disclosed in the claims.
In the portable air-conditioning device PCM packages (phase change material packages) are used, storing residual heat discharged by the condenser. The PCM packages become unable to store heat after being used for a certain duration, so they should be removed for the regeneration (cooling) process from the heat storage chamber in which they are disposed.
The portable air conditioning device of the invention comprises flaps mounted on the front side of the heat storage chamber, such that they can be opened and closed by pivoting about a horizontal or vertical axis from one edge by means of a spring hinge. Each flap opens towards into the heat storage chamber when the PCM package is being placed, and closes the front face of the heat storage chamber after the PCM package is placed and/or removed. In various embodiments of the invention, the flaps can open and close in down-up, up-down direction or rightwards-leftwards.
The portable air-conditioning device realized to achieve the aim of the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a schematic view of the portable air-conditioning device.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the heat storage chamber.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a heat storage chamber in which a PCM package is placed.
Figure 4 is a view of the detail A of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of a PCM package placed in a heat storage chamber comprising a flap opening upwards.
Figure 6 is a schematic view of a PCM package placed in a heat storage chamber comprising a flap opening downwards.
Figure 7 is a schematic view of a heat storage chamber comprising flaps opening sideways.
Figure 8 is a schematic view of a heat storage chamber comprising symmetrical flaps.
The elements in the figures are numbered individually and the correspondence of these numbers are given hereinafter.
1 . Portable air-conditioning device
2. Compressor
3. Condenser
4. Condenser chamber
5. Evaporator
6. Evaporator fan
7. PCM package 8. Heat storage chamber
9. Spring hinge
10. Flap
1 1 . Opening
The portable air-conditioning device (1 ), comprises a compressor (2) enabling the cooling cycle, a condenser (3) enabling heat discharge to the outer environment by condensing a refrigerant, a condenser chamber (4) in which the condenser (3) is placed, an evaporator (5) drawing heat from the environment by evaporating the refrigerant and enabling cooling the ambient air, an evaporator fan (6) delivering the air cooled by the evaporator (5) to the outer ambiance where the user is, at least one phase change material (PCM) package (7) (hereinafter referred to as PCM package (7)) obtained by packing phase change material (PCM) with high heat storage capacity in a container (not shown in the figures), transferring and storing the heat of the condenser (3), and a heat storage chamber (8) in which the PCM packages (7) are placed, and at least one opening (1 1 ) disposed between the condenser chamber (4) and the heat storage chamber (8), enabling directing the waste heat dissipated from the condenser (3) to the PCM packages (7).
The portable air-conditioning device (1 ) of the invention comprises at least one flap (10),
- having a rectangular shape, mounted to the heat storage chamber (8) so as to pivotally open and close about a horizontal or a vertical axis from one side by means of a spring hinge (9),
- opening into the heat storage chamber (8) by the contact of the PCM package (7) while the PCM package (7) is being placed, and covering the front face of the heat storage chamber (8) after the PCM package (7) is placed and/or removed.
The PCM packages (7) are placed into the air-conditioning device from the front side of the heat storage chamber (8) facing the user. Phase change process of the PCM packages (7) end after the portable air-conditioning device (1 ) have operated for a certain duration, and the packages are removed from the heat storage chamber (8) by the user, in order to be cooled. When the user is placing the PCM package (7), the flap (10) opens into the heat storage chamber (8) by the contact of the PCM package (7) or by being pushed by the user, and the spring hinge (9) is stressed in the meanwhile. When the user is removing the PCM package (7) from the heat storage chamber (8), the flap (10) closes the front side of the region emptied by the PCM package (7) due to being pulled back by the spring hinge (9). In an embodiment of the invention, each flap (10) is connected to the heat storage chamber (8) from its upper edge by means of the spring hinge (9), and opens in down-up direction by pivoting about the upper horizontal axis (Figure 5).
In another embodiment of the invention, each flap (10) is connected to the heat storage chamber (8) from its lower edge by means of the spring hinge (9), and opens in up-down direction by pivoting about the lower horizontal axis (Figure 6).
In another embodiment of the invention, each flap (10) is connected to the heat storage chamber (8) from a side (right or left) edge by means of the spring hinge (9), and opens rightwards or leftwards by pivoting about the vertical axis (Figure 7).
In another embodiment of the invention, the portable air-conditioning device (1 ) comprises symmetrical flaps (10) shaped as saloon/bar doors, of which two is used for each PCM package (7), opening by pivoting in mutually opposite directions (one to the right and one to the left) about the vertical axis (Figure 8).
In the portable air-conditioning device (1 ) of the invention, the flaps (10) covering the front face of the heat storage chamber (8) and used individually for each PCM package (7), enable the PCM packages (7) to be placed into and removed from the heat storage chamber (8) independent of each other. For example, when only one of the PCM packages (7) is removed to be cooled, the portion emptied by the removed PCM package (7) is covered by the flap (10) moving by means of the spring hinge (9), and the heat coming through the opening (1 1 ) to the heat storage chamber (8) is stored by the other PCM packages (7). The flap (10) enables sealing, prevents the heat of the condenser (4) and the compressor (3) coming through the opening (1 1 ) to the heat storage chamber (8) from escaping to the outer environment, thereby enhancing the cooling performance of the air-conditioning device (1 ).

Claims

A portable air-conditioning device (1 ), comprising a compressor (2) enabling the cooling cycle, a condenser (3), a condenser chamber (4) in which the condenser (3) is placed, an evaporator (5) enabling cooling of the environment air, an evaporator fan (6), at least one PCM package (7) transferring and storing the heat of the condenser (3), and a heat storage chamber (8) in which the PCM packages (7) are placed, characterized by at least one flap (10),
mounted to the heat storage chamber (8) from one side by means of a spring hinge (9), so as to pivotally open and close about a horizontal or a vertical axis, opening into the heat storage chamber (8) while the PCM package (7) is being placed, and covering the front face of the heat storage chamber (8) after the PCM package (7) is placed and/or removed.
A portable air-conditioning device (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized by the flap (10) connected from its upper edge to the heat storage chamber (8) by means of the spring hinge (9), opening in down-up direction by pivoting about the upper horizontal axis.
A portable air-conditioning device (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized by the flap (10) connected from its lower edge to the heat storage chamber (8) by means of the spring hinge (9), opening in up-down direction by pivoting about the lower horizontal axis.
A portable air-conditioning device (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized by the flap (10) connected from its side edge to the heat storage chamber (8) by means of the spring hinge (9), opening rightwards or leftwards by pivoting about the vertical axis.
A portable air-conditioning device (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized by the symmetrical flaps (10) shaped as saloon/bar doors, opening by pivoting in mutually opposite directions about the vertical axis.
PCT/TR2018/050559 2017-11-06 2018-10-05 Portable air-conditioning device Ceased WO2019088955A2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18874754.7A EP3717834A4 (en) 2017-11-06 2018-10-05 Portable air-conditioning device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2017/17316A TR201717316A2 (en) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONING DEVICE
TR2017/17316 2017-11-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019088955A2 true WO2019088955A2 (en) 2019-05-09
WO2019088955A3 WO2019088955A3 (en) 2019-06-06

Family

ID=66331418

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/TR2018/050559 Ceased WO2019088955A2 (en) 2017-11-06 2018-10-05 Portable air-conditioning device

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3717834A4 (en)
TR (1) TR201717316A2 (en)
WO (1) WO2019088955A2 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1455166A1 (en) 1986-06-23 1989-01-30 Предприятие П/Я Г-4807 Valve
DE3938875A1 (en) 1989-11-24 1991-05-29 Behr Gmbh & Co Mobile air conditioner stores energy in phase-change - medium for subsequent usage in heating water supply
KR20110073764A (en) 2009-12-24 2011-06-30 엘지전자 주식회사 Portable Regenerative Air Conditioner
US20160047562A1 (en) 2014-08-13 2016-02-18 Matthew Bartlett Regenerative vehicle air conditioning system
WO2017137327A1 (en) 2016-02-09 2017-08-17 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi A portable air conditioner

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES295448Y (en) * 1986-06-25 1987-09-01 Zeljko Bebek Vuksic SPRING HINGE WITH SHOCK ABSORBER, PERFECTED
JPH02297753A (en) * 1989-02-21 1990-12-10 Toshiba Corp Disk driving device
JPH06302177A (en) * 1993-04-20 1994-10-28 Ricoh Co Ltd Information recording / reproducing device
US5598319A (en) * 1993-12-29 1997-01-28 Goldstar Co., Ltd. Magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus with game pack driver

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1455166A1 (en) 1986-06-23 1989-01-30 Предприятие П/Я Г-4807 Valve
DE3938875A1 (en) 1989-11-24 1991-05-29 Behr Gmbh & Co Mobile air conditioner stores energy in phase-change - medium for subsequent usage in heating water supply
KR20110073764A (en) 2009-12-24 2011-06-30 엘지전자 주식회사 Portable Regenerative Air Conditioner
US20160047562A1 (en) 2014-08-13 2016-02-18 Matthew Bartlett Regenerative vehicle air conditioning system
WO2017137327A1 (en) 2016-02-09 2017-08-17 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi A portable air conditioner

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3717834A4

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019088955A3 (en) 2019-06-06
EP3717834A2 (en) 2020-10-07
EP3717834A4 (en) 2021-10-20
TR201717316A2 (en) 2019-05-21

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