WO2019091484A1 - 电子膨胀阀 - Google Patents

电子膨胀阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019091484A1
WO2019091484A1 PCT/CN2018/115152 CN2018115152W WO2019091484A1 WO 2019091484 A1 WO2019091484 A1 WO 2019091484A1 CN 2018115152 W CN2018115152 W CN 2018115152W WO 2019091484 A1 WO2019091484 A1 WO 2019091484A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
port
electronic expansion
valve body
needle assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/115152
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汪羽丰
刘敬喜
陈亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Copeland Suzhou Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Emerson Climate Technologies Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201711114430.6A external-priority patent/CN109780224A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201721511520.4U external-priority patent/CN207830566U/zh
Application filed by Emerson Climate Technologies Suzhou Co Ltd filed Critical Emerson Climate Technologies Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority to EP18876250.4A priority Critical patent/EP3712472A4/en
Priority to KR1020207016032A priority patent/KR102356392B1/ko
Priority to US16/763,491 priority patent/US11555637B2/en
Publication of WO2019091484A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019091484A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/50—Mechanical actuating means with screw-spindle or internally threaded actuating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/35—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by rotary motors, e.g. by stepping motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/02—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with screw-spindle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/12—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with streamlined valve member around which the fluid flows when the valve is opened
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/50—Mechanical actuating means with screw-spindle or internally threaded actuating means
    • F16K31/508—Mechanical actuating means with screw-spindle or internally threaded actuating means the actuating element being rotatable, non-rising, and driving a non-rotatable axially-sliding element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K39/00—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces
    • F16K39/02—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves
    • F16K39/022—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves using balancing surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/06—Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of flow regulating valves, and in particular to an electronic expansion valve.
  • Electronic expansion valves are key components in refrigeration/heating systems, such as air conditioning systems, which are typically controlled by stepper motors to regulate the flow of fluid (eg, refrigerant) flowing into the electronic expansion valve.
  • an electronic expansion valve includes a drive mechanism (for example, a stepping motor), a transmission mechanism (for example, a threaded screw/gear pair + a threaded screw), a flow regulating mechanism (for example, a valve needle assembly including a valve needle, and a valve provided with a valve port) Seat) and related auxiliary support mechanisms.
  • the driving force of the driving mechanism is transmitted to the flow regulating mechanism through the transmission mechanism, thereby driving the valve needle assembly to reciprocate in a straight line, controlling opening and closing and/or opening of the valve port, thereby flowing the fluid flowing through the electronic expansion valve Traffic is controlled.
  • the electronic expansion valve is in a system that is continuously circulated, the upstream and downstream of the valve needle assembly are generally subjected to different fluid pressures during the up and down movement of the valve needle assembly of the electronic expansion valve, thus requiring a large driving force.
  • the valve needle is driven to achieve opening adjustment of the valve port.
  • an electronic expansion valve comprising: a valve body; a first port for inflow or outflow of a fluid and a second for outflow or inflow of a fluid are provided on the valve body a port; the valve body defines a first cavity, the first port is in fluid communication; the valve body is further provided with a valve port between the second port and the first cavity
  • the first chamber is selectively in fluid communication with the second port of the valve port;
  • the drive mechanism is fixed to the valve body and the drive mechanism includes a stator and a rotor, wherein The rotor is integrally connected with a rotor screw valve needle assembly, the valve needle assembly is disposed at least partially in the valve body, and the valve needle assembly is configured to cooperate with the rotor screw to reciprocate, thereby The valve opening is adjusted; and the second chamber defined between the valve needle assemblies of the rotor is separated from the first chamber, wherein the valve is at the rotor screw
  • the needle assembly is formed with a balance channel such that the second A cavity is in
  • the valve needle assembly includes a valve stem and a valve needle that are fitted to each other, the balance passage including a first passage disposed in the valve needle, and a second passage disposed in the valve stem And a third passage disposed in the rotor screw, and the first passage, the second passage, and the third passage are in fluid communication with each other.
  • valve stem is operatively coupled to the rotor screw via a threaded portion disposed within the valve stem, the second lumen being additionally permeable to the valve stem via the rotor screw A gap between the threaded portions is in fluid communication with the second port.
  • the third passage comprises an axial section and a radial section formed in fluid communication with each other in the rotor screw.
  • the second chamber is sealingly isolated from the first chamber via a cavity seal disposed outside the valve stem.
  • the electronic expansion valve further includes a support, the drive mechanism is supported on the valve body by the support, and the valve needle assembly is supported by the support such that the valve needle assembly It is possible to slide in the longitudinal direction of the electronic expansion valve but not to rotate.
  • the center of the support has a through hole
  • the valve needle assembly is slidable in the through hole
  • the cavity seal is disposed in the through hole and surrounds the valve stem.
  • valve body and the support are joined together via a threaded connection and a valve body seal is provided between the valve body and the support.
  • valve stem and the valve needle are fixedly mated together.
  • the valve body has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, wherein the second port is disposed in the first end of the valve body, and a first port is disposed on a sidewall of the valve body;
  • the support has a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is sealingly fixedly coupled to the second end of the valve body And the stator of the drive mechanism is supported on the second portion; and the first cavity is defined in the valve body at the first portion and the second port of the support member between.
  • a radial extension extending radially inward from an inner wall of the valve body is provided at the first end of the valve body, the valve opening being formed in the radial extension The center of the ministry.
  • the valve needle includes a tapered end configured to cooperate with the valve port to adjust an opening of the electronic expansion valve at an end of the cone
  • the outside of the valve is provided with a valve port seal.
  • the mouth of the valve port facing the first cavity is circumferentially provided with a flange portion, and when the valve needle is in a position to close the valve port, the flange portion abuts Connect the valve port seal.
  • the amount of fluid in the second chamber can be flexibly adjusted by fluidly connecting the second chamber to the second port by providing a balance passage. Therefore, the electronic expansion valve according to the present disclosure greatly reduces the driving force required for the drive mechanism to drive the valve needle assembly, thereby reducing the performance requirements for the drive mechanism, simplifying the structure of the electronic expansion valve, and reducing the cost. Moreover, the valve needle assembly is directly threaded with the rotor screw, and the valve needle is directly fixed to the valve stem, which improves the adjustment precision of the electronic expansion valve, ensures the repeatability and stability of the flow regulation performance, and further simplifies the electronic expansion valve. The structure and assembly reduce costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electronic expansion valve in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the electronic expansion valve of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows an exploded perspective view of a valve needle assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an assembled cross-sectional view of a valve needle assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exploded perspective view of a portion of a drive mechanism and a valve needle assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an assembled cross-sectional view of a portion of a drive mechanism and a valve needle assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 and 8 respectively show perspective cross-sectional views of a portion of the drive mechanism and the valve needle assembly at different angles in accordance with the disclosed embodiments.
  • the structure of the electronic expansion valve according to the present disclosure will be described by taking an electronic expansion valve applied to a refrigeration/heating system as an example. It can be understood that the structure of the electronic expansion valve and related components according to the present disclosure is not limited to the application environment mentioned in the present disclosure, and it can be applied to any feasible field or application, and related innovation according to the present disclosure. The concept can be applied to other valve structures or related structures for controlling the flow of fluid.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of an electronic expansion valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the electronic expansion valve of FIG. 1.
  • the electronic expansion valve may generally include a valve body assembly 10, a drive mechanism 20, a valve needle assembly 30, a support body 12, and an upper cover 40.
  • the drive mechanism 20 is disposed between the upper cover 40 and the valve body assembly 10.
  • the valve needle assembly 30 is typically disposed inside the valve body assembly 10.
  • the valve body assembly 10 can include a valve body 11.
  • a first port I and a second port II for inflow and outflow of fluid may be disposed on the valve body 11.
  • the first port I and the second port II may serve as an inflow port and an outflow port, respectively, or the first port I and the second port II may change according to a flow direction of the fluid. And act as an inflow and an outflow, respectively.
  • the first port I can serve as an inflow port
  • the second port II can serve as an outflow port, and vice versa.
  • the first port I can serve as an inflow port
  • the second port II can serve as an outflow port
  • the first port I can act as an outflow port, and vice versa.
  • a first cavity C1 may be defined in the valve body 11, and a valve port V between the second port II and the first cavity C1 may be disposed in the valve body 11 for cooperating with the valve needle assembly 30 to be described below. Thereby adjusting the flow rate of the fluid.
  • the first port I can be fluidly connected to the first cavity C1, and the first cavity C1 can be selectively in fluid communication with the second port II via the valve port V.
  • fluid flowing in from the first port I can flow into the second port II via the first chamber C1 and selectively through the valve port V.
  • fluid flowing in from the second port II can selectively flow into the first chamber C1 via the valve port V and then flow into the first port I.
  • the valve body assembly 10 may further include connecting pipes (e.g., copper pipes) 17 and 18 respectively disposed at the first port I and the second port II of the valve body 11 for connection with an external connecting pipe.
  • connecting pipes e.g., copper pipes
  • the external connecting line can also be directly connected to the first port I and the second port II of the valve body 11.
  • the drive mechanism 20 can include a motor (eg, a stepper motor) 22.
  • the electric machine 22 may include a stator 221 and a rotor 222.
  • a rotor screw 21 can be coupled to the rotor 222.
  • the rotor screw 21 can be fixed with the rotor 222 to rotate integrally with the rotor 222.
  • the components other than the rotor screw 21 used in the drive mechanism 20 of the present disclosure may adopt a structure known in the art, and thus will not be described in detail in the present disclosure.
  • the upper cover 40 is capped on the top of the drive mechanism 20 to cover and protect the relevant components in the drive mechanism.
  • the valve needle assembly 30 can be at least partially disposed in the valve body 11 for adjusting the opening of the valve port V by the drive mechanism.
  • the valve needle assembly 30 can be operatively coupled to the rotor screw 21 (or operatively mated with the rotor screw 21) such that the rotation of the rotor screw 21 can be converted to a linear version of the valve needle assembly 30 (as in The example shown in Fig. 1 reciprocates in the up and down direction to engage with the valve port V to selectively open or close the valve port V or to adjust the opening of the valve port V.
  • valve needle assembly 30 and the rotor screw 21 may be connected to each other by means of a thread (ie, forming a thread pair, which is well known in the art and will not be described herein).
  • the valve needle assembly 30 is movable up and down when the rotor screw 21 is rotationally moved by the rotor 222.
  • a threaded portion may be provided in the valve stem 31 to be described below to be screwedly connected to the external thread on the rotor screw 21.
  • the valve stem 31 can also be provided with external threads, and the rotor screw 21 as a transmission member can be provided with cooperating internal threads.
  • valve needle assembly 30 can include a valve stem 31 and a valve needle 32 that are fixedly coupled to each other.
  • first end portion 311 of the valve stem 31 can be engaged with the first end portion 211 of the rotor screw 21 to form a thread pair.
  • the valve needle 32 can be configured to mate with the valve port V to selectively open and close the valve port V.
  • the driving mechanism 20 can be energized, so that the rotor screw 21 is rotated by the rotor 222.
  • the rotation of the rotor screw 21 is further converted into the up and down movement of the valve stem 31.
  • the valve needle 32 fixedly coupled to the valve stem 31 can be further engaged with the valve port V, thereby opening or closing the valve port V, or adjusting the opening degree of the valve port V, flowing through the electronic expansion valve The amount of fluid is adjusted.
  • valve port V is achieved by the up and down movement of the valve needle assembly 30, while the up and down movement of the valve needle assembly 30 requires a certain amount of movement. Therefore, there is inevitably a certain space between the valve needle assembly 30 and the drive mechanism 20.
  • fluid from the first port I or the second port II readily enters the space through a mating gap between the associated components. As the valve needle assembly 30 moves up and down, the volume of fluid within the space changes, creating a back pressure chamber that affects the action of the valve needle assembly 30.
  • valve port V In a state where the valve port V is closed, when the drive mechanism 20 is required to drive the valve needle assembly 30 to move upward to open the valve port V, since the valve needle assembly 30 reduces the volume of the fluid in the back pressure chamber, The fluid in the back pressure chamber exerts a greater resistance to the valve needle assembly, thereby causing the drive mechanism to require a greater driving force to lift the valve needle assembly 30.
  • a prior art electronic expansion valve is usually equipped with a drive mechanism of a larger structure in order to increase the driving force of the drive mechanism. Such a solution not only complicates the structure of the electronic expansion valve but also increases the cost.
  • valve needle assembly 30 When it is desired to move the valve needle assembly 30 down to close the valve port V, in particular, in the case of fluid inflow from the second port, the fluid exerts a greater fluid resistance to the valve needle assembly, requiring a more dynamic drive mechanism. Good drive performance.
  • a back pressure chamber defined between the drive mechanism 20 and the valve needle assembly 30 is referred to as a second chamber C2.
  • the second chamber C2 is primarily defined between the rotor 222 and the valve needle assembly 30.
  • the second cavity C2 may be hermetically sealed from the first cavity C1, and the second cavity C2 may pass through the balance channel B and the first disposed in the valve needle assembly 30 and the rotor screw 21 (as a transmission member)
  • the two ports 12 are in fluid communication.
  • the electronic expansion valve can be equipped with a drive mechanism of a smaller structure, so that the structure of the electronic expansion valve can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
  • the valve body 11 may be a substantially cylindrical structure that is open at both ends.
  • the valve body 11 may include a first end portion 111 and a second end portion 112 that are opposed to each other.
  • the second port II may be arranged at the first end 111 of the valve body 11 and the first port I may be arranged on the side wall of the valve body 11.
  • the drive mechanism 20 can be supported on the valve body 11 by the support member 12.
  • the support 12 can be sealingly connected to the valve body 11.
  • the support 12 can include a first portion 121 and a second portion 122.
  • An external thread may be formed on the outer wall of the first portion 121.
  • An internal thread may be formed on the inner wall of the second end portion 112 of the valve body 11. Thereby, the first portion 121 can be fixedly coupled to the second end portion 112 of the valve body 11 by screwing.
  • the drive mechanism 20 can be partially supported on the second portion 122 of the support 12.
  • a seal (hereinafter referred to as a valve body seal for ease of description) S1 may be provided between the second end portion 112 of the valve body 11 and the support member 12 to prevent leakage of fluid in the first chamber C1 to the outside.
  • the valve body seal S1 may be disposed at a side of the threaded engagement portion between the first portion 121 of the support member 12 and the second end portion 112 of the valve body 11 away from the first cavity C1.
  • the concave portion 1121 may be formed on the end surface of the second end portion 112 of the valve body 11, and may be at the second portion 122 of the support member 12.
  • a projection 1211 is provided at a position between the first portion 121.
  • the valve body seal S1 may be interposed between the recessed portion 1121 and the projection 1211.
  • valve body seal S1 may be provided in other ways, for example, a groove may be provided on one or both of the joint faces between the valve body 11 and the second portion 122 of the support member 12, A valve body seal S1 may be disposed in the groove.
  • a groove may be provided on one or both of the joint faces between the valve body 11 and the second portion 122 of the support member 12, A valve body seal S1 may be disposed in the groove.
  • other possible structural arrangements are also possible.
  • a radially extending portion 13 extending radially inward from the inner wall of the valve body 11 may be provided in the first end portion 111 adjacent to the valve body 11.
  • the valve port V may be formed through the center of the radially extending portion 13.
  • the first chamber C1 can be defined in the valve body 11 between the first portion 121 of the support 12 and the radial extension 13 (or the valve port V).
  • the stator 221 of the drive mechanism 20 can be supported on the second portion 122 of the support 12.
  • the connection of the drive mechanism 20 to the second portion 122 can be performed in any existing manner, and no further details are provided herein.
  • the center of the support member 12 may have a through hole 123.
  • the first end 211 of the rotor screw 21 may extend into the through hole 123 in a rotatable manner.
  • a bearing member 16 may be disposed between the second portion 122 of the support member 12 and the rotor screw 21 to support and guide the rotation of the rotor screw 21.
  • the valve needle assembly 30 (specifically, the valve stem 31) may slide up and down in a through manner in the through hole 123.
  • a seal hereinafter referred to as a cavity seal for ease of description
  • S2 may be disposed between the support 12 and the valve needle assembly 30 to further fluidly isolate the first chamber C1 from the second chamber C2.
  • a guide member 14 and an anti-rotation member 15 may be disposed between the support member 12 and the valve needle assembly 30.
  • the guiding member 14 is used for guiding the up and down movement of the valve needle assembly 30 in the through hole 123
  • the anti-rotation member 15 is for preventing the valve needle assembly 30 from rotating with the rotor screw 21.
  • the valve needle assembly 30 can be supported by the support member 12 and can slide in the longitudinal direction of the electronic expansion valve, but the valve needle assembly 30 cannot rotate about the longitudinal axis of the electronic expansion valve (or through hole).
  • the guide member 14 may be a cylindrical structure having a hollow cavity in which the valve needle 31 is slidable up and down along the hollow cavity of the guide member 14.
  • the inner surface of the anti-rotation member 15 engaged with the valve stem 31 may have a square, hexagonal shape or other contour for preventing rotation of the valve stem 31, and a corresponding structural contour may be formed on the outer surface of the valve stem 31.
  • valve body 11 and the support member 12 described above are each a separate component and are sealingly joined together.
  • valve body 11 and the support member 12 may also be formed as a single piece.
  • the valve stem 31 can be fixedly mated with the valve needle 32, for example, the valve needle 32 can be fitted in the valve stem 31 in a press fit manner.
  • the second end portion 312 of the valve stem 31 opposite to the first end portion 311 may have a stepped portion 313 (for example, having a raised step portion 3131).
  • the valve needle 32 can include a cylindrical first end 321 and a tapered second end 322.
  • the cylindrical first end portion 321 can be press-fitted into the stepped recessed portion 313 of the valve stem 31 such that the tapered second end portion 322 abuts against the stepped portion 3131 of the stepped recessed portion 313.
  • the tapered second end 322 extends beyond the end face of the second end 312 of the valve stem 31 to cooperatively engage the valve port 13.
  • a seal (referred to as a valve port seal for convenience of description) S3 may be provided between the stepped recess 313 of the valve stem 31 and the side of the tapered second end 322 of the valve needle 32 so that the valve needle 32 The sealing engagement between the valve needle 32 and the valve port V is provided in a state of abutting the valve port V, thereby further preventing fluid communication between the first chamber C1 and the second chamber C2.
  • the flange portion 131 may be circumferentially provided on the mouth of the valve port 13 facing the first chamber C1.
  • the flange portion 131 may abut the valve port seal S3, and the outer diameter of the top end of the flange portion 131 may be smaller than the second end portion of the valve stem 31 fitted
  • the diameter of the concave portion of 322 i.e., the portion of the stepped recess 313 that is fitted with the second end portion 322
  • the aforementioned balance passage B may include a first passage B1 disposed within the valve needle 32, a second passage B2 disposed within the valve stem 31, and a third portion disposed in the first end 211 of the rotor screw 21.
  • the passage B3, and the first passage B1, the second passage B2, and the third passage B3 are in fluid communication with each other.
  • the first passage B1 can extend through the first end 321 and the second end 322 of the valve needle 32, and the second passage B2 can extend through the first end 312 and the second end 322 of the valve stem 31.
  • the third passage B3 may include an axial section B31 and a radial section B32 that are in fluid communication with each other.
  • the axial section B31 extends axially from the end face of the first end 211 of the rotor screw 21 along the first end 211 of the rotor screw 21, and the radial section B32 can extend from the axial section B31.
  • the wall passing through the rotor screw 21 communicates into the second chamber C2.
  • the radial section B32 may extend radially from the end of the axial section B31 through the wall of the rotor screw 21 (ie, the length of the radial section B32 extends substantially equal to the corresponding section of the rotor screw 21) radius).
  • the radial section B32 may extend radially through the wall of the rotor screw 21 and communicate to the axial section B31 (ie, the length of the radial section B32 extends substantially equal to the corresponding section of the rotor screw 21) diameter).
  • the second chamber C2 can be fluidly communicated to the second port II through the third passage B3, the second passage B2, and the first passage B1 described above.
  • the second chamber C2 may additionally be in fluid communication with the second port II via a gap between the rotor screw 21 and the threaded portion of the valve stem 31.
  • the amount of fluid in the second chamber can be flexibly adjusted by providing a balance on the transmission mechanism to fluidly communicate the second chamber to the second port through B.
  • the inventors have found through experiments that for an electronic expansion valve without a balanced passage, the maximum valve opening capacity is: the valve opening can be opened to a diameter of 3.5 mm at a pressure difference of 4.83 MPa.
  • the maximum valve opening capability of the electronic expansion valve according to the present disclosure is that the valve opening can be opened to a diameter of 5.7 mm at a pressure difference of 4.83 MPa.
  • the electronic expansion valve according to the present disclosure greatly reduces the driving force required for the drive mechanism to drive the valve needle assembly, simplifies the structure of the electronic expansion valve, and reduces the cost.

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Abstract

一种电子膨胀阀，包括：阀体（11），阀体上设置有第一端口（I）和第二端口（(II），阀体内限定有第一腔（C1），第一腔与第一端口流体地连通，阀体还设置有位于第二端口与第一腔之间的阀口（V），其中，第一腔经由阀口与第二端口选择性地流体连通；驱动机构（20），其包括转子（222）和定子（221），并且转子具有转子丝杆（21）；阀针组件（30），其至少部分地布置在阀体中、并能够与转子丝杆操作性配合以进行往复运动，从而对阀口的开度进行调节；以及第二腔（C2），第二腔与第一腔密封地隔离开，其中，在转子丝杆和阀针组件中形成有平衡通道（B），以使得第二腔能够经由平衡通道与第二端口流体地连通。

Description

电子膨胀阀
本申请要求于2017年11月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711114430.6、发明名称为“电子膨胀阀”和申请号为201721511520.4、发明名称为“电子膨胀阀”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及流量调节阀技术领域，特别地，涉及一种电子膨胀阀。
背景技术
本部分的内容仅提供了与本公开相关的背景信息，其可能并不构成现有技术。
电子膨胀阀是制冷/制热系统(例如空调系统)中的关键部件，其一般利用步进电机进行控制，用以对流入电子膨胀阀的流体(例如，制冷剂)的流量进行调节。通常，电子膨胀阀包括驱动机构(例如，步进电机)、传动机构(例如，螺纹螺杆/齿轮副+螺纹螺杆)、流量调节机构(例如包括阀针的阀针组件和设置有阀口的阀座)以及相关的辅助支撑机构。其中，驱动机构的驱动力通过传动机构传递至流量调节机构，由此来带动阀针组件沿直线进行往复运动，控制阀口的开闭和/或开度，从而对流过电子膨胀阀的流体的流量进行控制。
然而，由于电子膨胀阀处于不断地循环的系统中，在电子膨胀阀的阀针组件的上下运动过程中，阀针组件的上游和下游通常承受不同的流体压力，因此需要较大的驱动力来驱动阀针以实现对阀口的开度调节。
发明内容
本公开的一个目的是提供一种电子膨胀阀以实现下述目的中的一个或多个：减小驱动机构用于驱动阀针组件所需的驱动力，提高电子膨胀阀的运行稳定性和可靠性，提高电子膨胀阀的调节精度，提高工作效率，简化电子膨胀阀的结构，降低成本。
根据本公开的一个方面，其提供了一种电子膨胀阀，包括：阀体；在所述阀体上设置有用于流体的流入或流出的第一端口及用于流体的流出或流入的第二端口；所述阀体限定有第一腔，所述第一腔所述第一端口流体地连通；所述阀体还设置有位于所述第二端口与所述第一腔之间的阀口，其中，所述第一 腔由所述阀口所述第二端口择性地流体连通；驱动机构所述驱动机构定至所述阀体并且所述驱动机构包括定子和转子，其中，所述转子一体地连接有转子丝杆阀针组件，所述阀针组件少部分地设置在所述阀体，并且所述阀针组件够与所述转子丝杆作性配合以进行往复运动，从而对所述阀口开度进行调节；以及限定在所述转子所述阀针组件间的第二腔所述第二腔所述第一腔封地隔离开，其中，在所述转子丝杆所述阀针组件形成有平衡通道以使得所述第二腔够经由所述平衡通道与所述第二端口流体地连通。
根据一个实施方式，所述阀针组件包括彼此配合在一起的阀杆和阀针，所述平衡通道包括设置在所述阀针内的第一通路、设置在所述阀杆内的第二通路以及设置在所述转子丝杆中的第三通路，并且，所述第一通路、所述第二通路以及所述第三通路彼此流体地连通。
根据一个实施方式，所述阀杆经由设置在所述阀杆内的螺纹部与所述转子丝杠操作性地配合，所述第二腔另外地能够经由所述转子丝杠与所述阀杆的螺纹部之间的间隙与所述第二端口流体地连通。
根据一个实施方式，所述第三通路包括形成在所述转子丝杠中的彼此流体连通的轴向部段和径向部段。
根据一个实施方式，所述第二腔与所述第一腔经由设置在所述阀杆外侧的腔密封件密封地隔离开。
根据一个实施方式，所述电子膨胀阀还包括支撑件，所述驱动机构通过所述支撑件支撑在所述阀体上，并且所述阀针组件由所述支撑件支撑使得所述阀针组件能够在所述电子膨胀阀的纵向方向上滑动但是不能转动。
根据一个实施方式，所述支撑件的中央具有贯通孔，所述阀针组件能够在所述贯通孔中滑动，所述腔密封件设置在所述贯通孔中并且围绕所述阀杆。
根据一个实施方式，所述阀体和所述支撑件经由螺纹连接结合在一起并且在所述阀体与所述支撑件之间设置有阀体密封件。
根据一个实施方式，所述阀杆和阀针固定地配合在一起。
根据一个实施方式，所述阀体具有彼此对置的第一端部和第二端部，其中，所述第二端口设置在所述阀体的所述第一端部中，并且，所述第一端口设置在所述阀体的侧壁上；所述支撑件具有第一部和第二部，其中，所述第一部与所 述阀体的所述第二端部密封地固定连接，并且所述驱动机构的所述定子支撑在所述第二部上；并且所述第一腔在所述阀体中限定在所述支撑件的所述第一部与所述第二端口之间。
根据一个实施方式，在所述阀体的所述第一端部处设置有自所述阀体的内壁径向向内延伸的径向延伸部，所述阀口贯穿形成在所述径向延伸部的中央。
根据一个实施方式，所述阀针包括锥形的端部，所述锥形的端部构造成与所述阀口配合以调节所述电子膨胀阀的开度，在所述锥形的端部的外侧设置有阀口密封件。
根据一个实施方式，所述阀口的面向所述第一腔的口部上周向地设置有凸缘部，当所述阀针处于闭合所述阀口的位置时，所述凸缘部抵接所述阀口密封件。
在根据本公开的电子膨胀阀中，通过设置平衡通道将第二腔流体地连通至第二端口，可以灵活地调节第二腔内的流体的量。因此，根据本公开的电子膨胀阀极大地减小了驱动机构驱动阀针组件所需的驱动力，从而降低了对驱动机构的性能要求，简化了电子膨胀阀的结构，降低了成本。而且，阀针组件直接与转子丝杆螺纹配合，并且阀针直接固定至阀杆，提高了电子膨胀阀的调节精度，保证了流量调节性能的重复性和稳定性，并且进一步简化了电子膨胀阀的结构和组装，降低了成本。
附图说明
通过以下参照附图的描述，本公开的一个或几个实施方式的特征和优点将变得更加容易理解。这里所描述的附图仅是出于说明目的而非意图以任何方式限制本发明的范围，附图并非按比例绘制，并且一些特征可能被放大或缩小以显示特定部件的细节。在附图中：
图1是根据本公开的实施方式的电子膨胀阀的剖视示意图；
图2为图1中的电子膨胀阀的局部放大示意图；
图3示出了根据本公开的实施方式的阀针组件的分解立体图；
图4示出了根据本公开的实施方式的阀针组件的组装剖视图；
图5示出了根据本公开的实施方式的驱动机构的一部分与阀针组件的分解立体图；
图6示出了根据本公开的实施方式的驱动机构的一部分与阀针组件的组装剖视图；以及
图7和图8分别示出了根据公开的实施方式的驱动机构的一部分与阀针组件的两个不同角度的透视剖面图。
具体实施方式
下面对本公开各实施方式的描述仅仅是示例性的，而绝不是对本公开及其应用或用法的限制。在各个附图中采用相同的附图标记来标示相同的部件，因此相同部件的构造将不做重复描述。
在本文中，以应用于制冷/制热系统的电子膨胀阀为例对根据本公开的电子膨胀阀的结构进行描述。可以理解的是，根据本公开的电子膨胀阀及其相关部件的结构不以本公开所提到的应用环境为限，其可以应用于任何可行的领域或者应用中，并且根据本公开的相关创新理念可以应用于其它的用于控制流体的流量的阀结构或相关结构中。
首先，参照图1和图2描述根据本公开的电子膨胀阀的总体构造。其中，图1是根据本公开的实施方式的电子膨胀阀的剖视示意图；图2示出了图1中的电子膨胀阀的局部放大示意图。
如图1所示，电子膨胀阀通常可以包括阀体组件10、驱动机构20、阀针组件30、支撑体12、以及上盖40。其中，驱动机构20布置在上盖40与阀体组件10之间。阀针组件30通常布置在阀体组件10内部。阀体组件10可以包括阀体11。阀体11上可以设置用于流体的流入和流出的第一端口I和第二端口II。其中，根据电子膨胀阀的具体应用的不同，该第一端口I和第二端口II可以分别充当流入口和流出口，或者，第一端口I和第二端口II可以根据流体的流动方向的变化而分别充当流入口和流出口。也就是说，在流体在电子膨胀阀中沿着恒定的方向流动的情况下(即为单向阀的情况)，第一端口I可以作为流入口，第二端口II可以作为流出口，反之亦然。而当流体能够在电子膨胀阀中沿着彼此相反的两个方向流动时(即为双向阀的情况)，当流体沿着其中一个方向流动时，第一端口I可以作为流入口，第二端口II可以作为流出口；而在流体沿着另一个方向流动时，第二端口II可以作为流入口，第一端口I可以作为流出口，反之亦然。
阀体11中可以限定有第一腔C1，并且阀体11中可以设置有位于第二端口II与第一腔C1之间的阀口V，用于与下面将描述的阀针组件30配合，从而对流体的流量进行调节。其中，第一端口I可以流体地连通至第一腔C1，并且第一腔C1可以经由阀口V与第二端口II选择性地流体连通。如此，自第一端口I流入的流体可以经由第一腔C1以及选择性地通过阀口V流入第二端口II。反过来，自第二端口II流入的流体可以选择性地经由阀口V流入第一腔C1，并随后流入第一端口I。
阀体组件10还可以包括分别设置在阀体11的第一端口I和第二端口II处的连接管(例如铜管)17和18，用以与外部的连接管路进行连接。可选地，外部的连接管路也可以直接连接至阀体11的第一端口I和第二端口II。
驱动机构20可以包括电机(例如，步进电机)22。电机22可以包括定子221和转子222。转子222上可以连接有转子丝杆21。转子丝杆21可以与转子222固定在一起，以随着转子222一体地旋转。应用于本公开的驱动机构20中除了转子丝杆21之外的部件可以采用本领域已知的结构，因此在本公开中不做赘述。上盖40罩盖在驱动机构20的顶部，用以遮盖和保护驱动机构中的相关部件。
阀针组件30可以至少部分地设置在阀体11中，用以在驱动机构的带动下对阀口V的开度进行调节。阀针组件30可以操作性地联接至转子丝杆21(或者称为与转子丝杆21操作性地配合)，从而可以将转子丝杆21的转动转换为阀针组件30的直线式(在如图1所示的示例中沿上下方向)往复运动，从而与阀口V配合接合，以选择性地打开或闭合阀口V，或者对阀口V的开度进行调节。
根据本公开的一种实施方式，阀针组件30与转子丝杆21之间可以通过螺纹的方式(即，形成螺纹副，此种结构为本领域所公知，在此不做赘述)彼此连接，使得当转子丝杆21在转子222的带动下旋转运动时，阀针组件30能够上下地移动。例如，在下面将描述的阀杆31内可以设置螺纹部，从而与转子丝杆21上的外螺纹螺纹地连接。相反地，阀杆31也可以设置有外螺纹，而作为传动构件的转子丝杆21可以设置有相配合的内螺纹。
更具体地，阀针组件30可以包括彼此固定地连接的阀杆31和阀针32。 其中，阀杆31的第一端部311可以与转子丝杆21的第一端部211以形成螺纹副的方式配合。阀针32可以构造成与阀口V配合，以选择性地打开和闭合阀口V。
这样一来，当流体自第一端口I或第二端口II流入电子膨胀阀时，可以通过给驱动机构20通电，使得转子丝杆21在转子222的带动下进行旋转运动。转子丝杆21的转动进一步转变为阀杆31的上下移动。随着阀杆31的上下移动，与阀杆31固定连接的阀针32可以进一步与阀口V配合接合，从而开启或闭合阀口V，或者调节阀口V的开度，对流过电子膨胀阀的流体的量进行调节。
然而，可以理解的是，阀口V的开启和闭合是通过阀针组件30的上下移动来实现的，而阀针组件30的上下移动需要一定的移动空间。因此，在阀针组件30与驱动机构20之间不可避免地会存在一定的空间。在电子膨胀阀的工作过程中，来自第一端口I或者第二端口II的流体易通过相关部件之间的配合间隙进入该空间中。随着阀针组件30的上下移动，该空间内的流体的体积会发生变化，从而形成影响阀针组件30的动作的背压腔。在阀口V闭合的状态下，当需要驱动机构20对阀针组件30进行驱动使之向上移动以打开阀口V时，由于阀针组件30使得背压腔内的流体体积减小，因此，背压腔内的流体给阀针组件施加较大的阻力，从而使得驱动机构需要较大的驱动力来提升阀针组件30。为此，在已有技术的电子膨胀阀中通常配备有较大结构的驱动机构，以期增大驱动机构的驱动力。此种解决措施不仅使得电子膨胀阀的结构变得复杂，而且增加了成本。
而当需要使阀针组件30下移以闭合阀口V时，特别地，在流体从第二端口流入的情况下，流体会对阀针组件施加较大的流体阻力，从而需要驱动机构有更好的驱动性能。
为此，本发明人创新地提出了一种改进的电子膨胀阀结构。下面就结合图1-图8对根据本公开的电子膨胀阀的结构做进一步的描述。其中，在本公开中，将限定在驱动机构20与阀针组件30之间的背压腔称为第二腔C2。在如图所示的实施方式中，该第二腔C2主要限定在转子222与阀针组件30之间。
根据本公开，第二腔C2可以与第一腔C1密封地隔离开，并且，第二腔 C2可以通过设置在阀针组件30和转子丝杆21(作为传动构件)中的平衡通道B与第二端口12流体地连通。
由此，由于平衡通道B的存在，流体可以通过平衡通道B在第二腔C2与第二端口之间流通，从而平衡了作用在阀针组件上的部分流体作用力。由此，特别地，在流体从第一端口流入的情况下，当需要开启阀口V时，由于第二腔C2与第二端口II流体地连通，在阀针组件30上移的过程中，第二腔C2内的流体可以随着阀针组件30的移动通过平衡通道B流入到第二端口II中，从而可以减小第二腔C2内的流体对阀针组件的阻力，进而减小驱动机构所需的驱动力。而在流体从第二端口流入的情况下，当需要闭合阀口V时，同样地，由于第二腔C2与第二端口II流体地连通，在阀针组件的下移过程中，部分流体通过平衡通道B流入到第二腔C2中，这不仅可以减小阀针32上所受的流体阻力，而且，流入第二腔C2中的流体给阀针组件30的下压力有利于阀针组件30的下移，从而可以减小驱动机构用于驱动阀针组件30所需的驱动力。因此，通过此种结构布置，电子膨胀阀可以配备较小结构的驱动机构，从而可以简化电子膨胀阀的结构，降低成本。
具体地，如图1-图2所示出的，在根据本公开的一个实施方式中，阀体11可以为两端开口的大致筒形的结构。阀体11可以包括彼此对置的第一端部111和第二端部112。第二端口II可以布置在阀体11的第一端部111处，而第一端口I可以布置在阀体11的侧壁上。
驱动机构20可以通过支撑件12支撑在阀体11上。支撑件12可以密封地连接至阀体11。支撑件12可以包括第一部121和第二部122。第一部121的外壁上可以形成有外螺纹。在阀体11的第二端部112的内壁上可以形成有内螺纹。由此，第一部121可以通过螺纹连接的方式固定地连接至阀体11的第二端部112。驱动机构20可以部分地支撑在支撑件12的第二部122上。
此外，可以在阀体11的第二端部112与支撑件12之间设置密封件(为便于描述，下面称为阀体密封件)S1，以防止第一腔C1内的流体至外部的泄露。可选地，阀体密封件S1可以设置在支撑件12的第一部121与阀体11的第二端部112之间的螺纹接合部分的远离第一腔C1的一侧处。
具体地，如在图2的局部放大图中可以更清楚地看到的，可以在阀体11 的第二端部112的端面上形成凹入部1121，并且可以在支撑件12的第二部122与第一部121之间的位置处设置凸起1211。阀体密封件S1可以插置在凹入部1121与凸起1211之间。从而，当通过使支撑件12的第一部121与阀体11的第二端部112螺纹连接时，阀体密封件S1恰好密封地布置在台阶式凹入部1121与台阶式凸起1211之间，并且阀体11的第二端部112的端面抵接支撑件12的第二部122。
可选地，也可以采用其它方式来设置阀体密封件S1，例如，可以在阀体11与支撑件12的第二部122之间的接合面中的一者或两者上设置凹槽，阀体密封件S1可以布置在该凹槽中。当然，也可以采用其它可行的结构布置。
可以在靠近阀体11的第一端部111中设置自阀体11的内壁径向向内延伸的径向延伸部13。阀口V可以贯穿形成在径向延伸部13的中央。由此，第一腔C1可以在阀体11中限定在支撑件12的第一部121与径向延伸部13(或阀口V)之间。
驱动机构20的定子221可以支撑在支撑件12的第二部122上。驱动机构20至第二部122的连接可以采用任何已有的方式进行，在此不做过多的赘述。
如图1和图2所示，支撑件12的中央可以具有贯通孔123。转子丝杆21的第一端211可以以可旋转的方式延伸入该贯通孔123中。
可以在支撑件12的第二部122与转子丝杆21之间设置轴承件(例如，滚动轴承)16，从而支承并引导转子丝杆21的转动。
根据本公开的实施方式，阀针组件30(具体为阀杆31)可以在贯通孔123中以密封的方式上下滑动。为此，可以在支撑件12与阀针组件30之间布置密封件(为便于描述，以下称为腔密封件)S2，以进一步将第一腔C1与第二腔C2流体地隔离开。此外，还可以在支撑件12与阀针组件30之间设置导向件14和防转件15。其中，导向件14用于引导阀针组件30在贯通孔123中的上下移动，防转件15用于防止阀针组件30随着转子丝杆21而转动。由此，阀针组件30可以由支撑件12支撑并能够在电子膨胀阀的纵向方向上滑动，但是阀针组件30不能绕着电子膨胀阀(或贯通孔)的纵向轴线转动。
可选地，导向件14可以为具有中空腔的圆筒形结构，其中，阀针31能够沿着导向件14的中空腔上下滑动。防转件15的与阀杆31接合的内表面可以 具有方形、六边形或者其它用于防止阀杆31的转动的轮廓，阀杆31的外表面上可以形成有对应的结构轮廓。
上述的阀体11和支撑件12各自为独立的部件并且密封地结合在一起。可选地，阀体11和支撑件12也可以形成为一体件。
在根据本公开的实施方式中，阀杆31可以与阀针32固定地配合在一起，例如，阀针32可以以压配合的方式装配在阀杆31中。具体地，如图3-图8所示，阀杆31的与第一端部311相对的第二端部312中可以具有台阶式(例如，具有凸起的台阶部3131)凹入部313。阀针32可以包括筒形的第一端部321和锥形的第二端部322。其中，筒形的第一端部321可以压装入阀杆31的台阶式凹入部313中，使得锥形的第二端部322抵接台阶式凹入部313的台阶部3131。并且，锥形的第二端部322伸出于阀杆31的第二端部312的端面之外，以与阀口13配合接合。
可以在阀杆31的台阶式凹入部313与阀针32的锥形的第二端部322的侧面之间设置密封件(为便于描述，称为阀口密封件)S3，以便在阀针32抵接阀口V的状态下提供阀针32与阀口V之间的密封接合，从而进一步防止第一腔C1与第二腔C2之间的流体连通。
可以在阀口13的面向第一腔C1的口部上周向地设置凸缘部131。当阀针32处于闭合阀口13的位置时，凸缘部131可以抵接阀口密封件S3，且凸缘部131的顶端的外径可以小于阀杆31的装配有所述第二端部322的凹入部分(即，所述台阶式凹入部313的装配有第二端部322的部分)的直径，从而当阀关闭时，第一腔C1内作用在阀针上的流体阻力能够得到一定的平衡。。
根据本公开，前述的平衡通道B可以包括设置在阀针32内的第一通路B1、设置在阀杆31内的第二通路B2以及设置在转子丝杆21的第一端211中的第三通路B3，并且第一通路B1、第二通路B2以及第三通路B3彼此流体地连通。
第一通路B1可以贯穿阀针32的第一端部321和第二端部322，第二通路B2可以贯穿阀杆31的第一端部312和第二端部322。第三通路B3可以包括彼此流体连通的轴向部段B31和径向部段B32。其中，轴向部段B31自转子丝杆21的第一端部211的端面沿着转子丝杆21的第一端部211轴向地延伸， 径向部段B32可以自轴向部段B31延伸穿过转子丝杆21的壁连通到第二腔C2中。其中，径向部段B32可以自轴向部段B31的终端径向地延伸穿过转子丝杆21的壁(即，径向部段B32延伸的长度大致等于转子丝杆21的相应部段的半径)。或者，径向部段B32可以径向地延伸贯穿转子丝杆21的壁部并连通至轴向部段B31(即，径向部段B32延伸的长度大致等于转子丝杆21的相应部段的直径)。由此，第二腔C2可以通过上述的第三通路B3、第二通路B2以及第一通路B1流体地连通至第二端口II。此外，第二腔C2还可以另外地能够经由转子丝杠21与阀杆31的螺纹部之间的间隙与第二端口II流体地连通。
在根据本公开的电子膨胀阀中，通过在传动机构上设置平衡通过B将第二腔流体地连通至第二端口，可以灵活地调节第二腔内的流体的量。本发明人经试验发现，对于不带平衡通道的电子膨胀阀而言，其最大开阀能力为：在4.83MPa压差下可将阀口打开直径为3.5mm的口径。而根据本公开的电子膨胀阀的最大开阀能力为：在4.83MPa压差下可将阀口打开直径为5.7mm的口径。
因此，根据本公开的电子膨胀阀极大地减小了驱动机构驱动阀针组件所需的驱动力，简化了电子膨胀阀的结构，降低了成本。
尽管在此已详细描述了本发明的多种实施方式，但是应该理解，本发明并不局限于这里详细描述和示出的具体实施方式，在不偏离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可由本领域的技术人员实现其它的变型和变体。所有这些变型和变体都落入本发明的范围内。而且，所有在此描述的构件都可以由其他技术性上等同的构件来代替。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电子膨胀阀，所述电子膨胀阀包括：
    阀体(11)，在所述阀体(11)上设置有用于流体的流入或流出的第一端口(I)以及用于流体的流出或流入的第二端口(II)；所述阀体(11)内限定有第一腔(C1)，所述第一腔(C1)与所述第一端口(I)流体地连通；所述阀体(11)还设置有位于所述第二端口(II)与所述第一腔(C1)之间的阀口(V)，其中，所述第一腔(C1)经由所述阀口(V)与所述第二端口(II)选择性地流体连通；
    驱动机构(20)，所述驱动机构(20)固定至所述阀体(11)，并且所述驱动机构(20)包括定子(221)和转子(222)，其中，所述转子(222)一体地连接有转子丝杆(21)；
    阀针组件(30)，所述阀针组件(30)至少部分地设置在所述阀体(11)中，并且所述阀针组件(30)能够与所述转子丝杆(21)操作性配合以进行往复运动，从而对所述阀口(V)的开度进行调节；以及
    限定在所述转子(222)与所述阀针组件(30)之间的第二腔(C2)，所述第二腔(C2)与所述第一腔(C1)密封地隔离开，
    其中，在所述转子丝杆(21)和所述阀针组件(30)中形成有平衡通道(B)，以使得所述第二腔(C2)能够经由所述平衡通道(B)与所述第二端口(12)流体地连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，所述阀针组件(30)包括彼此配合在一起的阀杆(31)和阀针(32)，所述平衡通道(B)包括设置在所述阀针(32)内的第一通路(B1)、设置在所述阀杆(31)内的第二通路(B2)以及设置在所述转子丝杆(21)中的第三通路(B3)，并且，所述第一通路(B1)、所述第二通路(B2)以及所述第三通路(B3)彼此流体地连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，所述阀杆(31)经由设置在所述阀杆(31)内的螺纹部与所述转子丝杠(21)操作性地配合，所述第二腔(C2)另外地能够经由所述转子丝杠(21)与所述阀杆(31)的所述螺纹 部之间的间隙与所述第二端口(II)流体地连通。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，所述第三通路(B3)包括形成在所述转子丝杠(21)中的彼此流体连通的轴向部段(B31)和径向部段(B32)。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，所述第二腔(C2)与所述第一腔(C1)经由设置在所述阀杆(31)外侧的腔密封件(S2)密封地隔离开。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，所述电子膨胀阀还包括支撑件(12)，所述驱动机构(20)通过所述支撑件(12)支撑在所述阀体(11)上，并且所述阀针组件(30)由所述支撑件(12)支撑使得所述阀针组件(30)能够在所述电子膨胀阀的纵向方向上滑动但是不能转动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，所述支撑件(12)的中央具有贯通孔(123)，所述阀针组件(30)能够在所述贯通孔(123)中滑动，所述腔密封件(S2)设置在所述贯通孔(123)中并且围绕所述阀杆(31)。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，所述阀体(11)和所述支撑件(12)经由螺纹连接结合在一起并且在所述阀体(11)与所述支撑件(12)之间设置有阀体密封件(S1)。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8中的任一项所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，所述阀杆(31)和所述阀针(32)固定地配合在一起。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，
    所述阀体(11)具有彼此对置的第一端部(111)和第二端部(112)，其中，所述第二端口(II)设置在所述阀体(11)的所述第一端部(111)中，并 且，所述第一端口(I)设置在所述阀体(11)的侧壁上；
    所述支撑件(12)具有第一部(121)和第二部(122)，其中，所述第一部(121)与所述阀体(11)的所述第二端部(122)密封地固定连接，并且所述驱动机构(20)的所述定子(221)支撑在所述第二部(122)上；并且
    所述第一腔(C1)在所述阀体(11)中限定在所述支撑件(12)的所述第一部(121)与所述第二端口(II)之间。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，在所述阀体(11)的所述第一端部(111)处设置有自所述阀体(11)的内壁径向向内延伸的径向延伸部(13)，所述阀口(V)贯穿形成在所述径向延伸部(13)的中央。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，
    所述阀针(32)包括锥形的端部(322)，所述锥形的端部(322)构造成与所述阀口(13)配合以调节所述电子膨胀阀的开度，并且在所述锥形的端部(322)的外侧设置有阀口密封件(S3)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电子膨胀阀，其中，所述阀口(13)的面向所述第一腔(C1)的口部上周向地设置有凸缘部(131)，当所述阀针(32)处于闭合所述阀口(13)的位置时，所述凸缘部(131)抵接所述阀口密封件(S3)。
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