WO2019100908A1 - 液压斜推式海上风机安装系统 - Google Patents

液压斜推式海上风机安装系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019100908A1
WO2019100908A1 PCT/CN2018/112371 CN2018112371W WO2019100908A1 WO 2019100908 A1 WO2019100908 A1 WO 2019100908A1 CN 2018112371 W CN2018112371 W CN 2018112371W WO 2019100908 A1 WO2019100908 A1 WO 2019100908A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fan
hydraulic
tail
gear
wind turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/112371
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱凌
陈明胜
王佳月
邹梅艳
邓旭
杜慧子
陈恬曦
于金恒
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wuhan University of Technology WUT filed Critical Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Priority to EP18882069.0A priority Critical patent/EP3677773B1/en
Publication of WO2019100908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019100908A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/40Arrangements or methods specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/19Other loading or unloading equipment involving an intermittent action, not provided in groups B63B27/04 - B63B27/18
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/003Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for transporting very large loads, e.g. offshore structure modules
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B75/00Building or assembling floating offshore structures, e.g. semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms or wind turbine platforms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B77/00Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms
    • B63B77/10Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms specially adapted for electric power plants, e.g. wind turbines or tidal turbine generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind turbine installation, in particular to a hydraulic oblique push offshore wind turbine installation system.
  • the offshore foundation is installed first, then the wind turbine tower is hoisted, and the cabin and blade are finally installed.
  • the split hoisting work takes a long time in the sea, and the installation is extremely sensitive to weather conditions, but the lifting capacity of the wind power installation ship is not high.
  • the overall hoisting method is to assemble the tower, the engine room and the blades on the land, transport them to the installation site by ship, and use the “integrated” overall lifting and installation to the foundation, which can reduce the high-altitude operation at sea, so the time of installation at sea is not Long, but puts high requirements on the lifting capacity of the offshore installation vessel and the transportation capacity of the unit.
  • the number of wind turbines that can be installed in one sea is 1-2, the number is small, and the vertical installation of the wind turbine causes the ship to have a higher center of gravity. .
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydraulic oblique push type offshore fan installation system, which can improve the installation efficiency of the offshore wind turbine and reduce the installation risk and cost.
  • a hydraulic inclined push type offshore fan installation system comprising a fan installation ship, a tail column, a rotating device, a hydraulic system and a fan arrangement lifting device:
  • the tail column is vertically installed at the tail of the deck of the wind turbine installation vessel, and the tail pillar is provided with a vertical tail rail;
  • the rotating device includes a gear lifting mechanism, a rotating arm and a robot, the gear lifting mechanism is adapted to the tail rail and is movable up and down along a tail rail, and a tail end of the rotating arm is hinged with the gear lifting mechanism
  • the robot is mounted on the rotating arm;
  • the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic power unit and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder mounted on the deck, the lower end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder being hinged to the deck, the top end being hinged to the head end of the rotating arm, the hydraulic power unit driving the The telescopic hydraulic cylinder is axially extended and contracted to push the rotating arm to rotate;
  • the fan arrangement lifting device is mounted on a deck of the fan installation ship, corresponding to a lower side of the rotating arm, and a fan waiting to be installed is horizontally arranged on the fan arrangement lifting device, wherein the manipulator is used for holding a fan Tower tube.
  • the tail pillars have two, symmetrically disposed on the port side and the starboard side of the deck; the gear lifting mechanism has two corresponding ones, respectively matched with the tail rails on the two tail pillars, and the two gear lifting mechanisms Connected by a tail beam.
  • the gear lifting mechanism includes a gear mounting bracket and a first gear mounted on both sides of the gear mounting bracket, and the gear mounting bracket is mounted with a motor for driving the rotation of the first gear; two tail portions The opposite sides of the column are respectively provided with vertical grooves, and the opposite sides of the groove are provided with racks, two racks in the groove form the tail rail; the gear mounting frame is located in the groove The first gears on both sides of the gear mounting frame respectively mesh with the two racks in the groove, the motor drives the first gear to rotate on the rack; the two gear mounts respectively and the tail cross member The end is fixedly connected.
  • the number of the rotating arm and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder are two correspondingly arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal section of the hull; the tail ends of the two rotating arms are hinged with the tail beam, and the first end is respectively and two The telescopic hydraulic cylinders are hinged; the robot is disposed between the two rotating arms.
  • the robot includes an upper robot and a lower robot that are hinged to each other, and the upper robot and the lower robot are both arc-shaped; the robots on the two rotating arms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal section of the hull;
  • the robot is a group, and the collapsed state is a complete circle.
  • the robot has a plurality of groups arranged uniformly along the length direction of the rotating arm.
  • the hydraulic system further includes a hydraulic base fixedly mounted on the deck;
  • the telescopic hydraulic cylinder includes a first-stage hydraulic rod, a secondary hydraulic rod and a three-stage hydraulic pressure that are sequentially assembled from the outside to the inside. a rod; a bottom end of the first stage hydraulic rod is hinged to the hydraulic base, and a top end of the three-stage hydraulic rod is hinged to the rotating arm by a connecting rod.
  • the fan arrangement lifting device comprises a ship center pillar and a fan lifter, wherein the ship center pillar is vertically installed on a deck of the fan installation ship, and the ship center pillar is provided with a vertical first a track, the fan lifter is mounted in cooperation with the first track and movable up and down along the first track, the fan lifter includes a slider and a cantilever beam, and the slider is provided with a driving device to drive the The slider moves up and down along the first rail, the cantilever beam is fixedly connected to the slider, and the end of the cantilever beam is mounted with a fixing clip for lifting the fan.
  • the pillar in the ship is provided with a vertical dovetail, the dovetail is in the form of an arc block, and the two sides are provided with a vertical rack, and the two racks jointly form the first track;
  • a second gear is disposed on the inner side of the slider, the cantilever beam is mounted on the outer side, the second gear meshes with the rack rail, and a driving device in the slider drives the second gear to move up and down along the first track .
  • the inner side surface of the slider is a concave curved surface, and is arranged with the outer curved surface of the dovetail, and the second gear on the inner side surface is provided with two columns, each column including at least one second gear, two columns
  • the second gear meshes with the racks on the two sides of the dovetail respectively, and the driving device in the slider drives the second gear to rotate on the rack to drive the entire fan lifter to lift on the pillar of the ship motion.
  • the fan lifter has a plurality of, and the top end and the bottom end of the ship strut are respectively mounted with a rotating storage device, and the rotary storage device is coaxially disposed with the ship center pillar and can rotate around the central axis.
  • the rotating storage device is provided with a plurality of second tracks in a circumferential direction, the number of the second tracks being equal to the number of the fan lifters, the second track being identical in structure to the first track and capable of being coupled to the first track Docking, the fan lifter is movable on the second track.
  • the rotating storage device is uniformly disposed with the same number of dovetails in the circumferential direction as the fan lifter, and two sides of each dovetail are provided with vertical racks, and the two racks jointly form the The second track.
  • the rotating storage device at the bottom end of the ship's middle pillar is located below the deck of the wind turbine installation vessel, and the deck is provided with a deck opening at the joint with the ship's middle pillar.
  • the fan arrangement lifting device further includes a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved on the outer circumference of the ship strut, and one side of the sleeve is provided with a vertical opening, and the fan lifter cantilever A beam extends from the open end of the sleeve for reinforcing the anchor in the ship.
  • the fan arrangement lifting device is a group of two, symmetrically arranged on the port side and the starboard side of the fan installation ship; the fan installation ship installs a plurality of the fan arrangement lifting devices in the direction of the ship length.
  • the hydraulic oblique push type offshore fan installation system of the invention mainly comprises a fan installation ship, a rotating device, a hydraulic system and a fan arrangement lifting device. After the robot holds the fan tower, the hydraulic system pushes the rotating arm to rotate around the tail beam, and the tail beam It can move up and down along the tail rail, and the two ends of the rotating arm work together to complete the erection and installation docking of the fan.
  • This type of installation can effectively shorten the installation time of an offshore wind turbine: the traditional segmented hoisting completes the installation of an offshore wind turbine in about 12 hours; and the hydraulic tilting-type overall installation method assumes an average hourly oblique propulsion.
  • the installation of offshore wind turbines is greatly affected by sea conditions, and the installation stability of high-altitude operations directly affects the service life of wind turbines.
  • the five tower robots are used to hold the fan tower 5m to 50m in height.
  • the rubber material is pre-padded inside each manipulator and the friction can be improved.
  • the center of gravity of the fan is located at a height of 45m.
  • the lifting range of the manipulator can cover the center of gravity of the fan.
  • the five groups of robots act simultaneously to make the fixing of the fan more secure during the installation process.
  • the fan is horizontal from the horizontal state to the vertical state.
  • the wind receiving area in the straight state is reduced, the center of gravity is lowered, and the stability during the installation process is improved.
  • the hydraulic control arm and the tail beam work together through the intelligent control system, so that the center of gravity of the fan moves along the line connecting the center of gravity before and after the installation during the oblique push installation, that is, the work with the smallest change in the center of gravity
  • the oblique push installation of the fan is completed, and the intelligent control can save the oblique push time and the energy consumption during installation, and improve the accuracy of the installation.
  • the fan lifter realizes the vertical layered arrangement of the fan.
  • An offshore wind turbine is fixed by four sets of fan lifts in the transportation.
  • the fan lift can rise and fall along the pillars in the ship.
  • the use of four sets of fan lifts can realize the vertical layered arrangement of the whole offshore wind turbines on the ship. , greatly saving space.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a hydraulic inclined push type offshore fan installation system of the present invention
  • FIG 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the tail column of the hydraulic inclined push type offshore fan installation system shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rotating device of the hydraulic oblique push type offshore fan installation system shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the gear lifting mechanism of the rotating device shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a robot of the rotating device shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic system of the hydraulic inclined push type offshore fan installation system shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG 7 is a schematic structural view of a fan arrangement lifting device of the hydraulic oblique push type offshore fan installation system shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ship center pillar and the rotary storage device of the fan arrangement lifting device shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged view of a portion A of the fan arrangement lifting device shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the fan lifter of the fan arrangement lifting device shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 11 is a side view of the vertically layered arrangement of the fan of the hydraulic oblique push type offshore fan installation system shown in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 12 is a front elevational view showing the operation state of the hydraulic oblique push type offshore wind turbine mounting system shown in Fig. 1.
  • a hydraulic oblique push offshore wind turbine installation system includes a wind turbine installation vessel 10 , a tail pillar 20 , a rotating device 30 , a hydraulic system 40 , and a fan arrangement lifting device 50 .
  • the tail pillar 20 is vertically mounted to the tail of the deck of the wind turbine installation vessel 10, and the tail pillar 20 is provided with a vertical tail rail 21.
  • the rotating device 30 includes a gear lifting mechanism 31, a rotating arm 32, and a robot 33.
  • the gear lifting mechanism 31 is adapted to the tail rail 21 and is movable up and down along the tail rail 21.
  • the rear end of the rotating arm 32 is hinged to the gear lifting mechanism 31, and the robot 33 Mounted on the rotating arm 32, the rotating arm 32 can be moved up and down along the tail rail 21 in synchronization with the gear lifting mechanism 31.
  • the hydraulic system 40 provides power for the oblique push installation of the blower 60, including a hydraulic power unit 41 mounted on the deck and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 43.
  • the lower end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 43 is hinged to the deck, and the top end is hinged to the head end of the rotating arm 32.
  • the hydraulic power unit 41 drives the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 43 to expand and contract in the axial direction thereof, thereby pushing the rotating arm 32 to rotate.
  • the fan arrangement lifting device 50 is mounted on the deck of the fan installation vessel 10, corresponding to the lower side of the rotating arm 32, and the fan 60 waiting to be installed is horizontally arranged on the fan arrangement lifting device 50, and the manipulator 33 is used to hold the fan tower.
  • the gear lifting mechanism 31 has two corresponding ones, respectively corresponding to the tail rails 21 on the two tail pillars 20, two The gear lifting mechanisms 31 are connected by a tail cross member 34, so that the two gear lifting mechanisms 31 are always kept on the same horizontal line when moving up and down.
  • the gear lifting mechanism 31 includes a gear mounting bracket 311 and a first gear 312 mounted on both sides of the gear mounting bracket 311.
  • the opposite sides of the two tail pillars 20 are respectively provided with vertical grooves, and the opposite sides of the groove are provided with racks, and two racks in the grooves form the tail rails 21.
  • the gear mounting bracket 311 is located in the recess, and the first gears 312 on both sides of the gear mounting bracket 311 are respectively engaged with the two racks in the recess, and the gear mounting bracket 311 is mounted with a motor for driving the rotation of the first gear 312.
  • Two gear mounts 311 are fixedly coupled to both ends of the tail beam 34, respectively.
  • one gear lifting mechanism 31 includes six first gears 312, three on each side of the gear mounting frame 311, six first gears 312 are embedded on both sides of the gear mounting frame 311, and the first gear 312 is driven by a motor.
  • the rotation ultimately drives the entire rotating device 30 to perform a lifting movement on the tail rail 21.
  • the number of the rotating arm 32, the hydraulic base 42, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 43 are both two, which are symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal section of the hull.
  • the trailing ends of the two rotating arms 32 are hinged to the tail beam 34, and the leading ends are respectively hinged to the corresponding telescopic hydraulic cylinders 43.
  • the robot 33 is disposed between the two rotating arms 32.
  • the trailing end of the rotating arm 32 is fitted over the outer circumference of the tail beam 34, and the rotation of the tail beam 34 is achieved by a bearing which is mounted between the end of the rotating arm 32 and the tail beam 34.
  • the robot 33 is mounted on the inner side of the rotating arm 32, and includes an upper robot 331 and a lower robot 332 which are hinged to each other.
  • the upper robot 331 and the lower robot 332 have a shape of substantially 1/4 arc shape and an inner diameter ratio.
  • the outer diameter of the fan tower is slightly larger, and the inner surface of the manipulator 33 is laid with a rubber material to protect the surface of the tower and increase the contact friction.
  • the robots 33 on the two rotating arms 32 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal section of the hull; the two symmetrically disposed robots 33 are in a group, and the closed state is a complete circular shape.
  • the rotating device 30 When the robot 33 needs to hold the fan tower, the rotating device 30 is horizontal, the lower robot 332 is rotated open and then closed to surround the fan tower; when the fan 60 needs to be separated after docking with the fan base, the rotating device 30 is vertical, upper The robot 331 is rotated to open the fan tower.
  • the robots 33 have five groups, which are evenly arranged along the length direction of the rotating arm 32, and the two sets of robots 33 at the ends respectively correspond to the 5m and 50m height sections of the holding fan tower.
  • the center of gravity of the fan 60 is located at a height of 45 m, the center of gravity of the fan is located within the lifting range of the five groups of robots 33, and the five groups of robots 33 simultaneously act to make the fixing during the installation of the fan more firm.
  • the hydraulic system 40 further includes a hydraulic base 42 that is fixedly mounted to the deck.
  • the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 43 includes a primary hydraulic rod 431, a secondary hydraulic rod 432, and a tertiary hydraulic rod 433 which are sequentially assembled from the outside to the inside.
  • the bottom of the primary hydraulic rod 431 is hinged to the hydraulic base 42 by bearings to ensure that the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 43 can rotate in the plane of the ship's length.
  • the top end of the third-stage hydraulic rod 433 is connected to the rotating arm 32 via a connecting rod 35.
  • the connecting rod 35 is fixedly connected with the rotating arm 32, and the other end of the connecting rod 35 is set on the outer circumference of the three-stage hydraulic rod 433, and the bearing is used to realize three windings.
  • the stage hydraulic rod 433 rotates.
  • the hydraulic power unit 41 provides power for the expansion and contraction of the three hydraulic rods.
  • the second hydraulic rod 432 is pushed upward to move upward, and when the second hydraulic rod 432 reaches the maximum stroke, the third-stage hydraulic rod 433 is pushed upward. Since the hydraulic stroke of the offshore fan 60 is relatively long during installation, the three hydraulic rods can reduce the length of the single hydraulic rod, and can ensure that the force of the hydraulic rods of the telescopic hydraulic cylinders 43 meets the structural strength requirements during the pushing process. .
  • the fan arrangement lifting device 50 includes a ship center pillar 51 and a fan lifter 52.
  • the ship's pillar 51 is vertically installed on the deck of the wind turbine installation vessel 10.
  • the ship's middle pillar 51 is provided with a vertical first rail 511, and the fan lifter 52 is fitted with the first rail 511 and can be mounted along the first rail 511.
  • the fan lifter 52 includes a slider 522 and a cantilever beam 523.
  • the slider 522 is provided with a driving device (not shown).
  • the driving slider 522 moves up and down along the first rail 511, and the cantilever beam 523 is fixedly connected with the slider 522.
  • a fixing clip 525 is attached to the end of the 523, and the fixing clip 525 is used to lift the fan 60.
  • the slider 522 is internally provided with a motor-driven second gear 521 that moves up and down along the first rail 511; the cantilever beam 523 is perpendicular to the ship's center pillar 51, and the end of the cantilever beam 523 is mounted with a fixing clip 525 for lifting the fan 60.
  • the fixing clip 525 has a circular arc shape, and the inner surface of the fixing clip 525 is mounted with an anti-slip mat.
  • a propeller 524 is mounted on the cantilever beam 523. The propeller 524 can push the fixing clip 525 to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the clamping force of the fixing clip 525 to the fan tower to prevent swaying displacement during transportation.
  • the ship's center pillar 51 is provided with a vertical dovetail 55
  • the dovetail 55 is in the form of an arc block
  • the two sides of the dovetail 55 are provided with vertical racks, and the two racks are common.
  • the first track 511 is formed.
  • a second gear 521 and an outer side cantilever beam 523 are mounted on the inner side of the slider 522.
  • the second gear 521 is meshed with the rack rail, and the motor drive second gear 521 is vertically moved along the first rail 511.
  • the inner side surface of the slider 522 is a concave curved surface, and is arranged with the outer curved surface of the dovetail 55.
  • the second gear 521 on the inner side surface is provided with two columns, each column including at least one The two gears 521 and the two rows of second gears 521 respectively mesh with the racks on both sides of the dovetail 55.
  • the driving device in the slider 522 drives the second gear 521 to rotate on the rack to drive the entire fan lifter 52 on the ship.
  • the middle pillar 51 is lifted and lowered.
  • a plurality of fans (usually 3-5 units) can be arranged on the wind turbine installation vessel 10.
  • four wind turbines are taken as an example, and four pillars 51 are arranged correspondingly on the ship.
  • the top and bottom ends of the ship's pillar 51 are equipped with a rotating storage device 53 for parking the idle fan lifter 52.
  • the rotary storage device 53 is disposed coaxially with the ship center pillar 51 and rotatable about the central axis, and the rotary storage device 53 is provided with four second rails 531 in the circumferential direction (the number of the second rails 531 is equal to the number of the fan lifters 52),
  • the two rails 531 are identical in structure to the first rails 511 and are capable of docking with the first rails 511.
  • the number of the dovetails 55 equal to the number of the fan lifters 52 is uniformly arranged on the rotary storage device 53 in the circumferential direction, and the two sides of each dovetail 55 are provided with vertical racks, and the two racks jointly form the first Two tracks 531.
  • the dovetail 55 on the inboard struts 51 and the dovetail 55 on the rotating accommodating device 53 are identical in structure and size so that the first rail 511 abuts the second rail 531.
  • the four fan lifters 52 are placed at an angle of 90 degrees to each other on the four second rails 531 of the bottom rotary storage unit 53. After the fan 60 is on board, the four fan lifters 52 are sequentially rotated to the working position and then raised to the same height as the fan 60 to lift the four fans 60 to the appropriate position. After the wind turbine 60 completes the offshore installation process, the four fan lifters 52 are sequentially raised to the second track 531 of the top rotation storage device 53, and rotated 90 degrees, after each rotation of 90 degrees, the second track 531 and the first track The 511 is docked so that the next fan lifter 52 climbs to the second track 531. When the four fans 60 complete the offshore installation process, the four fan lifters 52 are all parked at an angle of 90 degrees on the top rotating storage unit 53.
  • the rotary storage device 53 at the bottom end of the ship's center pillar 51 is located below the deck of the wind turbine installation vessel 10, and a deck opening is provided at the junction of the deck and the ship's center pillar 51.
  • the deck opening is opened, the fan lifter 52 is raised to the same level as the blower 60, and the fixed clamp 525 holds the blower 60 and firmly holds the blower 60.
  • the blower 60 is fully loaded.
  • the transport vehicle can now be retracted from the hull via a ramp, and the fan arrangement lifting device 50 then raises the fan 60 to the designated position.
  • the fan arrangement lifting device 50 further includes a sleeve 54 which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the ship strut 51.
  • a sleeve 54 which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the ship strut 51.
  • One side of the sleeve 54 is provided with a vertical opening, and the fan lifter 52 cantilever A beam 523 projects from the open end of the sleeve 54 and the sleeve 54 is used to reinforce the support strut 51.
  • the fan arrangement lifting device 50 is a group of two, symmetrically arranged on the port side and the starboard side of the fan installation vessel 10; the fan installation vessel 10 is installed with four groups of fan arrangement lifting devices 50 along the length of the ship to form a fan arrangement. Lifting system.
  • the arrangement state of the four fans 60 under the support of the fan arrangement lifting device 50 when reaching the designated installation sea area is as shown in FIG. 8; the lower manipulator 332 on the rotating arm 32 is opened, and the horizontally placed fan is simultaneously operated by the four groups of fan lifters 52. Ascending to the inside of the robot 33, the lower robot 332 is closed, and the rubber layer of the inner pad of the robot 33 protects and buffers the fan tower; the hydraulic power unit 41 supplies power to the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 43 to cause the hydraulic system 40 to slowly push the rotating arm 32.
  • the gear lifting mechanism 31 on the tail beam 34 drives the tail beam 34 to move downward, and drives the rotating arm 32 and the fan 60 to move slowly downward, so that the bottom of the fan tower is close to the pre-installed base on the sea.
  • the hydraulic system 40 continues to push obliquely, and finally the fan is changed from the horizontal state to the vertical state, as shown in FIG. 9; the wind turbine installation vessel 10 uses the dynamic positioning system to position the bottom of the wind turbine tower and the base on the same vertical line.
  • the gear lifting mechanism 31 drives the rotating arm 32 and the fan 60 to continue to slowly descend, and finally completes the precise docking of the tower and the base; then the upper robot 331 opens, and the fan Ship 10 moving forward, the rotating arm 32 and separating the fan, the hydraulic system 40 is rotated to the horizontal arm 32 is recovered, a complete hydraulic machine Taiwan obliquely on the blower push installation. The installation of the other three fans 60 is then completed in the same manner.

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Abstract

一种液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,包括风机安装船(10),甲板尾部竖直安装尾部立柱(20),尾部立柱(20)上设置尾部导轨(21);旋转装置(30),包括齿轮升降机构(31)、旋转臂(32)和机械手(331,332),齿轮升降机构(31)沿尾部导轨(21)上下滑动,旋转臂(32)的一端与齿轮升降机构(31)铰接;液压系统(40),包括液压动力装置(41)和液压底座(42)、以及与液压底座(42)铰接的伸缩式液压缸(43),伸缩式液压缸(43)顶端与旋转臂(32)铰接,液压动力装置(41)驱动伸缩式液压缸(43)伸缩,推动旋转臂(32)旋转;风机排列升降装置(50),风机水平排列于风机排列升降装置(50)上,液压系统(40)向上推动旋转臂(32)绕尾部横梁(34)旋转,同时尾部横梁(34)可沿尾部导轨(21)上下移动,旋转臂(32)两端协同作业,可以有效的缩短完成一台海上风机的安装时间。

Description

液压斜推式海上风机安装系统 技术领域
本发明涉及海上风机安装技术领域,具体涉及一种液压斜推式海上风机安装系统。
背景技术
随着全球海上风电开发建设的持续升温,亚太地区对于海上风机安装船的需求也在与日俱增。
目前海上风机安装方式主要有分体吊装和整体吊装两种。分体吊装方案中先安装海上基础,再吊装风机塔筒,最后完成机舱和叶片安装。分体吊装海上作业时间长,安装对天气条件极其敏感,但对风电安装船的起吊能力要求不高。整体吊装方式是将塔架、机舱和叶片在陆地上组装好,利用船舶运输到安装现场,采用“一体式”的整体起吊安装到基础上,可减少海上的高空作业,因而海上安装的时间不长,但对海上安装船的起吊能力和机组运输能力提出了很高的要求,一次出海可安装的风机数量在1-2台,数量不多,且风机的竖直安放运输导致船舶重心较高。
由上可见,传统的分段吊装和整体吊装安装方式效率低,作业时间长,对天气条件极其敏感,增加了工期的不确定性。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术存在的不足,提供一种液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,它能提高海上风机安装效率、降低安装风险和成本。
本发明为解决上述提出的技术问题所采用的技术方案为:
一种液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,包括风机安装船、尾部立柱、旋转装置、液压系统和风机排列升降装置:
所述尾部立柱竖直安装于所述风机安装船的甲板尾部,尾部立柱上设有竖直的尾部导轨;
所述旋转装置包括齿轮升降机构、旋转臂和机械手,所述齿轮升降机构与所述尾部导轨适配并能够沿尾部导轨上下移动,所述旋转臂的尾端与所述齿轮升降机构铰接,所述机械手安装于所述旋转臂上;
所述液压系统包括液压动力装置和安装于甲板上的伸缩式液压缸,所述伸缩式液压缸的下端与甲板铰接,顶端与所述旋转臂的首端铰接,所述液压动力装置驱动所述伸缩式液压缸沿轴向伸缩,从而推动所述旋转臂旋转;
所述风机排列升降装置安装于所述风机安装船的甲板上,对应于所述旋转臂的下方,等待安装的风机水平排列于所述风机排列升降装置上,所述机械手用于抱举风机的塔筒。
上述方案中,所述尾部立柱有两根,对称设置于甲板的左舷和右舷;所述齿轮升降机构对应有两个,分别与两根尾部立柱上的尾部导轨适配,两个齿轮升降机构之间通过尾部横梁连接。
上述方案中,所述齿轮升降机构包括齿轮安装架和安装于所述齿轮安装架两侧的第一齿轮,所述齿轮安装架内安装有用于驱动所述第一齿轮转动的电机;两个尾部立柱相对的一面分别设有竖直的凹槽,所述凹槽的相对两侧面均设有齿条,凹槽内的两道齿条形成所述尾部导轨;所述齿轮安装架位于凹槽内,齿轮安装架两侧的第一齿轮分别与凹槽内的两道齿条啮合,所述电机驱动所述第一齿轮在齿条上转动;两个齿轮安装架分别与所述尾部横梁的两端固定连接。
上述方案中,所述旋转臂、伸缩式液压缸的数量均对应为两个,分别关于船体中纵剖面对称布置;两个旋转臂的尾端均与所述尾部横梁铰接,首端分别与两个伸缩式液压缸铰接;所述机械手设置于两个旋转臂之间。
上述方案中,所述机械手包括相互铰接的上机械手和下机械手,所述上机械手和下机械手均为圆弧形;两个旋转臂上的机械手关于船体中纵剖面对称设置;两个对称设置的机械手为一组,合拢状态为一个完整的圆形。
上述方案中,所述机械手有多组,沿所述旋转臂的长度方向均布排列。
上述方案中,所述液压系统还包括液压底座,所述液压底座固定安装于甲 板上;所述伸缩式液压缸包括从外到内依次套装的一级液压杆、二级液压杆和三级液压杆;所述一级液压杆的底端与所述液压底座铰接,所述三级液压杆的顶端通过连杆与所述旋转臂铰接。
上述方案中,所述风机排列升降装置包括船中支柱和风机升降器,所述船中支柱竖直安装于所述风机安装船的甲板上,所述船中支柱上设有竖直的第一轨道,所述风机升降器与所述第一轨道配合安装并可以沿所述第一轨道上下移动,所述风机升降器包括滑块和悬臂梁,所述滑块内设驱动装置,驱动所述滑块沿所述第一轨道上下移动,所述悬臂梁与所述滑块固定连接,所述悬臂梁的端部安装有固定夹,所述固定夹用于托举所述风机。
上述方案中,所述船中支柱上设有竖直的燕尾榫,所述燕尾榫呈弧块状,两个侧面设有竖直的齿条,两道齿条共同形成所述第一轨道;所述滑块内侧设置第二齿轮、外侧安装所述悬臂梁,所述第二齿轮与齿条轨道啮合,所述滑块内的驱动装置驱动所述第二齿轮沿所述第一轨道上下移动。
上述方案中,所述滑块的内侧面为内凹的弧面,与燕尾榫的外弧面相配置,内侧面上的第二齿轮设有两列,每列包括至少一个第二齿轮,两列第二齿轮分别与所述燕尾榫两个侧面的齿条啮合,所述滑块内的驱动装置驱动所述第二齿轮在齿条上转动,以带动整个风机升降器在船中支柱上做升降运动。
上述方案中,所述风机升降器有多个,所述船中支柱的顶端和底端均安装有旋转收纳装置,所述旋转收纳装置与所述船中支柱同轴设置并能够绕中心轴旋转,所述旋转收纳装置沿周向设置若干第二轨道,所述第二轨道的数量与所述风机升降器的数量相等,所述第二轨道与第一轨道的结构相同且能够与第一轨道对接,所述风机升降器能够在所述第二轨道上移动。
上述方案中,所述旋转收纳装置上沿周向均匀设置与所述风机升降器相等数量的燕尾榫,每个燕尾榫的两侧面设有竖直的齿条,两道齿条共同形成所述第二轨道。
上述方案中,所述船中支柱底端的旋转收纳装置位于所述风机安装船的甲板下方,所述甲板与所述船中支柱连接处设有甲板开口。
上述方案中,所述风机排列升降装置还包括套筒,所述套筒套装于所述船 中支柱的外周,所述套筒的一侧设有竖直的开口,所述风机升降器的悬臂梁从所述套筒的开口端伸出,所述套筒用于加固保护所述船中支柱。
上述方案中,所述风机排列升降装置两个为一组,对称布置于所述风机安装船的左舷和右舷;所述风机安装船沿船长方向安装若干组所述风机排列升降装置。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1.优化安装步骤,提高安装效率。
本发明的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统主要包括风机安装船、旋转装置、液压系统和风机排列升降装置,机械手抱举风机塔筒后,液压系统向上推动旋转臂绕尾部横梁旋转,同时尾部横梁可沿尾部导轨上下移动,旋转臂两端协同作业,最终完成风机的竖立和安装对接。这种安装方式可以有效的缩短完成一台海上风机的安装时间:传统分段吊装完成一台海上风机的安装大约需要12小时;而采用液压斜推式整体安装的方法,假设平均每小时斜推进程s=10m,风机重心从安装前到安装后的位移为L=47m,定位对接需要2h,则整个安装过程可在7小时内完成。
2.多组机械手抱举风机,提高安装稳定性。
海上风机安装受海况影响较大,高空作业的安装稳定性直接影响到风机的使用寿命。利用五组机械手将风机塔筒5m至50m高度段抱住,为防止机械手作用力使风机塔筒表面变形和油漆脱落,在每个机械手内部预垫橡胶材料,同时可以提高摩擦力。风机重心位于45m高处,机械手的抱举范围能涵盖风机重心,五组机械手同时作用,使风机安装过程中的固定更加牢固;风机从水平状态到竖直状态,比原安装方式风机一直处于竖直状态下的受风面积减小,重心降低,提高了安装过程中的稳定性。
3.智能安装控制,对接更加高效精确。
机械手抱举风机后,通过智能控制系统,使液压臂和尾部横梁协同作业,使风机重心在斜推安装过程中沿着安装前后重心位置的连线移动,即以重心变化做功最小的方式协同作业,完成风机的斜推安装,智能化的控制能节省斜推时间和安装时的能耗、提高安装的精确程度。
4.风机升降器,实现了风机的垂向分层排布。
一台海上风机由四组风机升降器实现其运输中的固定,风机升降器可沿船中支柱上升下降,四组风机升降器的运用可以实现整体海上风机在船舶上的垂向分层排布,大大节约了空间。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明,附图中:
图1是本发明液压斜推式海上风机安装系统的整体结构示意图;
图2是图1所示的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统的尾部立柱结构示意图;
图3是图1所示的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统的旋转装置结构示意图;
图4是图3所示的旋转装置的齿轮升降机构的结构示意图;
图5是图3所示的旋转装置的机械手结构示意图;
图6是图1所示的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统的液压系统的结构示意图;
图7是图1所示的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统的风机排列升降装置结构示意图;
图8是图7所示风机排列升降装置的船中支柱及旋转收纳装置的结构示意图;
图9是图7所示风机排列升降装置的A处放大图;
图10是图7所示的风机排列升降装置的风机升降器结构示意图;
图11是图1所示的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统的风机垂向分层排布侧视图;
图12是图1所示的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统的作业状态主视图。
图中:10、风机安装船;20、尾部立柱;21、尾部导轨;30、旋转装置;31、齿轮升降机构;311、齿轮安装架;312、第一齿轮;32、旋转臂;33、机械手;331、上机械手;332、下机械手;34、尾部横梁;35、连杆;40、液压系统;41、液压动力装置;42、液压底座;43、伸缩式液压缸;431、一级液压杆;432、二级液压杆;433、三级液压杆;50、风机排列升降装置;51、船中 支柱;511、第一轨道;52、风机升降器;521、第二齿轮;522、滑块;523、悬臂梁;524、推进器;525、固定夹;53、旋转收纳装置;531、第二轨道;54、套筒;55、燕尾榫;60、风机。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解,现对照附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1所示,为本发明一较佳实施例的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,包括风机安装船10、尾部立柱20、旋转装置30、液压系统40、风机排列升降装置50。
尾部立柱20竖直安装于风机安装船10的甲板尾部,尾部立柱20上设有竖直的尾部导轨21。
旋转装置30包括齿轮升降机构31、旋转臂32和机械手33,齿轮升降机构31与尾部导轨21适配并能够沿尾部导轨21上下移动,旋转臂32的尾端与齿轮升降机构31铰接,机械手33安装于旋转臂32上,旋转臂32能够随齿轮升降机构31同步沿尾部导轨21做升降运动。
液压系统40为风机60的斜推安装提供动力,包括安装于甲板上的液压动力装置41和伸缩式液压缸43,伸缩式液压缸43的下端与甲板铰接,顶端与旋转臂32的首端铰接,液压动力装置41驱动伸缩式液压缸43沿其轴向伸缩,从而推动旋转臂32旋转。
风机排列升降装置50安装于风机安装船10的甲板上,对应于旋转臂32的下方,等待安装的风机60水平排列于风机排列升降装置50上,机械手33用于抱举风机塔筒。
进一步优化,本实施例中,尾部立柱20有两根,对称设置于甲板的左舷和右舷;齿轮升降机构31对应有两个,分别与两根尾部立柱20上的尾部导轨21适配,两个齿轮升降机构31之间通过尾部横梁34连接,使两个齿轮升降机构31上下移动时始终保持在同一水平线上。
进一步优化,本实施例中,齿轮升降机构31包括齿轮安装架311和安装于齿轮安装架311两侧的第一齿轮312。两个尾部立柱20相对的一面分别设有竖直的凹槽,凹槽的相对两侧面均设有齿条,凹槽内的两道齿条形成所述尾部导轨21。齿轮安装架311位于凹槽内,齿轮安装架311两侧的第一齿轮312分别与凹槽内的两道齿条啮合,齿轮安装架311内安装有用于驱动第一齿轮312转动的电机。两个齿轮安装架311分别与尾部横梁34的两端固定连接。优选地,一个齿轮升降机构31包括六个第一齿轮312,齿轮安装架311两侧各三个,六个第一齿轮312内嵌于齿轮安装架311的两侧,通过电机驱动第一齿轮312转动最终带动整个旋转装置30在尾部导轨21上做升降运动。
进一步优化,本实施例中,旋转臂32、液压底座42、伸缩式液压缸43的数量均为两个,分别关于船体中纵剖面对称布置。两个旋转臂32的尾端均与尾部横梁34铰接,首端分别与相应的伸缩式液压缸43铰接。机械手33设置于两个旋转臂32之间。优选地,旋转臂32的尾端套装于尾部横梁34外周,利用轴承实现绕尾部横梁34的转动,轴承安装于旋转臂32的端部和尾部横梁34之间。
进一步优化,本实施例中,机械手33安装于旋转臂32的内侧,包括相互铰接的上机械手331和下机械手332,上机械手331和下机械手332的形状大致为1/4圆弧形,内径比风机塔筒外径略大,机械手33的内表面铺设橡胶材料,以保护塔筒表面和增大接触摩擦力。两个旋转臂32上的机械手33关于船体中纵剖面对称设置;两个对称设置的机械手33为一组,合拢状态为一个完整的圆形。当机械手33需要抱举风机塔筒时,旋转装置30水平,下机械手332旋转打开然后闭合,环抱风机塔筒;当风机60与风机基座对接完成后需要分离时,旋转装置30竖直,上机械手331旋转打开从而松开风机塔筒。
进一步优化,本实施例中,机械手33有五组,沿旋转臂32的长度方向均布排列,位于端部的两组机械手33分别对应抱举风机塔筒5m和50m高度段。风机60重心位于45m高处,风机重心位于五组机械手33的抱举范围内,五组机械手33同时作用,使风机安装过程中的固定更加牢固。
进一步优化,本实施例中,液压系统40还包括液压底座42,液压底座42固定安装于甲板上。伸缩式液压缸43包括从外到内依次套装的一级液压杆431、 二级液压杆432和三级液压杆433。一级液压杆431的底部通过轴承与液压底座42铰接,保证伸缩式液压缸43可以沿船长平面内旋转。三级液压杆433的顶端通过连杆35与旋转臂32连接,连杆35的一端与旋转臂32固定连接,连杆35的另一端套装于三级液压杆433的外周,利用轴承实现绕三级液压杆433转动。液压动力装置41为三个液压杆的伸缩提供动力,先推动二级液压杆432向上运动,二级液压杆432到达最大行程时,再推动三级液压杆433向上运动。由于海上风机60安装过程中的液压行程比较长,设置三个液压杆能够减小单个液压杆的长度,能保证伸缩式液压缸43在推举过程中各级液压杆的受力均满足结构强度要求。
进一步优化,本实施例中,风机排列升降装置50包括船中支柱51和风机升降器52。船中支柱51竖直安装于风机安装船10的甲板上,船中支柱51上设有竖直的第一轨道511,风机升降器52与第一轨道511配合安装并可以沿第一轨道511上下移动。风机升降器52包括滑块522和悬臂梁523,滑块522内设驱动装置(图未示),驱动滑块522沿第一轨道511上下移动,悬臂梁523与滑块522固定连接,悬臂梁523的端部安装有固定夹525,固定夹525用于托举风机60。
滑块522内设电机驱动第二齿轮521沿第一轨道511上下移动;悬臂梁523垂直于船中支柱51,悬臂梁523的端部安装固定夹525,用于对风机60进行托举。固定夹525为圆弧形,固定夹525的内表面安装有防滑垫。悬臂梁523上安装有推进器524,推进器524能够推动固定夹525沿水平方向移动,以调节固定夹525对风机塔筒的夹紧力,防止运输时晃动移位。
进一步优化,本实施例中,船中支柱51上设有竖直的燕尾榫55,燕尾榫55呈弧块状,燕尾榫55的两个侧面设有竖直的齿条,两道齿条共同形成所述第一轨道511。滑块522内侧安装第二齿轮521、外侧安装悬臂梁523,第二齿轮521与齿条轨道啮合,滑块522内设电机驱动第二齿轮521沿第一轨道511上下移动。
进一步优化,本实施例中,滑块522的内侧面为内凹的弧面,与燕尾榫55的外弧面相配置,内侧面上的第二齿轮521设有两列,每列包括至少一个第二 齿轮521,两列第二齿轮521分别与燕尾榫55两个侧面的齿条啮合,滑块522内的驱动装置驱动第二齿轮521在齿条上转动,以带动整个风机升降器52在船中支柱51上做升降运动。
进一步优化,为了提高安装效率、节约资源,风机安装船10上可以排列多台风机(通常为3-5台),本实施例中,以四台风机为例,船中支柱51上相应设置四个风机升降器52,为了实现四台风机的安放和安装过程畅通无阻,船中支柱51的顶端和底端均安装有旋转收纳装置53,用于停放闲置的风机升降器52。旋转收纳装置53与船中支柱51同轴设置并能够绕中心轴旋转,旋转收纳装置53沿周向设置四条第二轨道531(第二轨道531的数量与风机升降器52的数量相等),第二轨道531与第一轨道511的结构相同且能够与第一轨道511对接。
具体的,旋转收纳装置53上沿周向均匀设置与风机升降器52相等数量的燕尾榫55,每个燕尾榫55的两侧面设有竖直的齿条,两道齿条共同形成所述第二轨道531。船中支柱51上的燕尾榫55与旋转收纳装置53上的燕尾榫55的结构、尺寸均相同,以便第一轨道511与第二轨道531对接。
风机60上船前,四个风机升降器52互相成90度夹角停放于底部旋转收纳装置53的四个第二轨道531上。风机60上船后,四个风机升降器52依次旋转至工作位置,然后上升至与风机60同等高度将四个风机60托举至适当的位置。当风机60完成海上安装过程后,四个风机升降器52依次上升至顶部旋转收纳装置53的第二轨道531上,并旋转90度,每次旋转90度后,第二轨道531与第一轨道511对接契合,以便下一个风机升降器52爬升至第二轨道531。当四台风机60完成海上安装过程后,四个风机升降器52全部成90度夹角停放在顶部的旋转收纳装置53上。
进一步优化,本实施例中,船中支柱51底端的旋转收纳装置53位于风机安装船10的甲板下方,甲板与船中支柱51连接处设有甲板开口。当运输车装载着风机60登船后,甲板开口打开,风机升降器52升起至与风机60同一水平高度,固定夹525抱举风机60并稳固托住风机60,此时风机60全部重量放在风机排列升降装置50上,运输车此时可经由跳板梯退离船体,风机排列升降装置50随后将风机60上升至指定位置。
进一步优化,本实施例中,风机排列升降装置50还包括套筒54,套筒54套装于船中支柱51的外周,套筒54的一侧设有竖直的开口,风机升降器52的悬臂梁523从套筒54的开口端伸出,套筒54用于加固保护船中支柱51。
进一步优化,本实施例中,风机排列升降装置50两个为一组,对称布置于风机安装船10的左舷和右舷;风机安装船10沿船长方向安装四组风机排列升降装置50,形成风机排列升降系统。
采用本发明的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统进行海上风机安装的过程如下:
四台风机60到达指定安装海域时在风机排列升降装置50的支撑下的排列状态如图8所示;旋转臂32上的下机械手332打开,水平放置的风机由四组风机升降器52同时作用升至机械手33内部,下机械手332闭合,机械手33内部垫的橡胶层对风机塔筒起到保护与缓冲作用;液压动力装置41为伸缩式液压缸43提供动力使液压系统40缓慢推动旋转臂32绕尾部横梁34转动,同时尾部横梁34上的齿轮升降机构31驱动尾部横梁34向下运动,并带动旋转臂32及风机60缓慢向下移动,使风机塔筒底部靠近海上预装完成的基座,液压系统40继续斜推,最终使风机由水平状态变为竖直状态,如图9所示;风机安装船10利用动力定位系统将风机塔筒底部与基座定位在同一竖直线上,齿轮升降机构31带动旋转臂32及风机60继续缓慢下降,最终完成塔筒与基座的精确对接;然后上机械手331打开,风机安装船10向前行驶,旋转臂32与风机分离,液压系统40带动旋转臂32回收至水平状态,完成一台海上风机的整机液压斜推式安装。然后采用相同的方法完成另外三个风机60的安装。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述,但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,而不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可做出很多形式,这些均属于本发明的保护之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,包括风机安装船、尾部立柱、旋转装置、液压系统和风机排列升降装置:
    所述尾部立柱竖直安装于所述风机安装船的甲板尾部,尾部立柱上设有竖直的尾部导轨;
    所述旋转装置包括齿轮升降机构、旋转臂和机械手,所述齿轮升降机构与所述尾部导轨适配并能够沿尾部导轨上下移动,所述旋转臂的尾端与所述齿轮升降机构铰接,所述机械手安装于所述旋转臂上;
    所述液压系统包括液压动力装置和安装于甲板上的伸缩式液压缸,所述伸缩式液压缸的下端与甲板铰接,顶端与所述旋转臂的首端铰接,所述液压动力装置驱动所述伸缩式液压缸沿轴向伸缩,从而推动所述旋转臂旋转;
    所述风机排列升降装置安装于所述风机安装船的甲板上,对应于所述旋转臂的下方,等待安装的风机水平排列于所述风机排列升降装置上,所述机械手用于抱举风机的塔筒。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述尾部立柱有两根,对称设置于甲板的左舷和右舷;所述齿轮升降机构对应有两个,分别与两根尾部立柱上的尾部导轨适配,两个齿轮升降机构之间通过尾部横梁连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述齿轮升降机构包括齿轮安装架和安装于所述齿轮安装架两侧的第一齿轮,所述齿轮安装架内安装有用于驱动所述第一齿轮转动的电机;两个尾部立柱相对的一面分别设有竖直的凹槽,所述凹槽的相对两侧面均设有齿条,凹槽内的两道齿条形成所述尾部导轨;所述齿轮安装架位于凹槽内,齿轮安装架两侧的第一齿轮分别与凹槽内的两道齿条啮合,所述电机驱动所述第一齿轮在齿条上转动;两个齿轮安装架分别与所述尾部横梁的两端固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述旋转臂、伸缩式液压缸的数量均对应为两个,分别关于船体中纵剖面对称布置;两个旋转臂的尾端均与所述尾部横梁铰接,首端分别与两个伸缩式液压缸 铰接;所述机械手设置于两个旋转臂之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述机械手包括相互铰接的上机械手和下机械手,所述上机械手和下机械手均为圆弧形;两个旋转臂上的机械手关于船体中纵剖面对称设置;两个对称设置的机械手为一组,合拢状态为一个完整的圆形。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述机械手有多组,沿所述旋转臂的长度方向均布排列。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述液压系统还包括液压底座,所述液压底座固定安装于甲板上;所述伸缩式液压缸包括从外到内依次套装的一级液压杆、二级液压杆和三级液压杆;所述一级液压杆的底端与所述液压底座铰接,所述三级液压杆的顶端通过连杆与所述旋转臂铰接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述风机排列升降装置包括船中支柱和风机升降器,所述船中支柱竖直安装于所述风机安装船的甲板上,所述船中支柱上设有竖直的第一轨道,所述风机升降器与所述第一轨道配合安装并可以沿所述第一轨道上下移动,所述风机升降器包括滑块和悬臂梁,所述滑块内设驱动装置,驱动所述滑块沿所述第一轨道上下移动,所述悬臂梁与所述滑块固定连接,所述悬臂梁的端部安装有固定夹,所述固定夹用于托举所述风机。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述船中支柱上设有竖直的燕尾榫,所述燕尾榫呈弧块状,两个侧面设有竖直的齿条,两道齿条共同形成所述第一轨道;所述滑块内侧设置第二齿轮、外侧安装所述悬臂梁,所述第二齿轮与齿条轨道啮合,所述滑块内的驱动装置驱动所述第二齿轮沿所述第一轨道上下移动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述滑块的内侧面为内凹的弧面,与燕尾榫的外弧面相配置,内侧面上的第二齿轮设有两列,每列包括至少一个第二齿轮,两列第二齿轮分别与所述燕尾榫两 个侧面的齿条啮合,所述滑块内的驱动装置驱动所述第二齿轮在齿条上转动,以带动整个风机升降器在船中支柱上做升降运动。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述风机升降器有多个,所述船中支柱的顶端和底端均安装有旋转收纳装置,所述旋转收纳装置与所述船中支柱同轴设置并能够绕中心轴旋转,所述旋转收纳装置沿周向设置若干第二轨道,所述第二轨道的数量与所述风机升降器的数量相等,所述第二轨道与第一轨道的结构相同且能够与第一轨道对接,所述风机升降器能够在所述第二轨道上移动。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述旋转收纳装置上沿周向均匀设置与所述风机升降器相等数量的燕尾榫,每个燕尾榫的两侧面设有竖直的齿条,两道齿条共同形成所述第二轨道。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述船中支柱底端的旋转收纳装置位于所述风机安装船的甲板下方,所述甲板与所述船中支柱连接处设有甲板开口。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述风机排列升降装置还包括套筒,所述套筒套装于所述船中支柱的外周,所述套筒的一侧设有竖直的开口,所述风机升降器的悬臂梁从所述套筒的开口端伸出,所述套筒用于加固保护所述船中支柱。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的液压斜推式海上风机安装系统,其特征在于,所述风机排列升降装置两个为一组,对称布置于所述风机安装船的左舷和右舷;所述风机安装船沿船长方向安装若干组所述风机排列升降装置。
PCT/CN2018/112371 2017-11-23 2018-10-29 液压斜推式海上风机安装系统 Ceased WO2019100908A1 (zh)

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