WO2019114613A1 - 一种电动阀 - Google Patents

一种电动阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019114613A1
WO2019114613A1 PCT/CN2018/119666 CN2018119666W WO2019114613A1 WO 2019114613 A1 WO2019114613 A1 WO 2019114613A1 CN 2018119666 W CN2018119666 W CN 2018119666W WO 2019114613 A1 WO2019114613 A1 WO 2019114613A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
valve
stage
holes
valve body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/119666
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程帅
李泽
袁红
夏盾
王小龙
梁水清
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co Ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020207019677A priority Critical patent/KR102310814B1/ko
Priority to JP2020549856A priority patent/JP7024112B2/ja
Priority to US16/770,563 priority patent/US11512785B2/en
Priority to EP18888358.1A priority patent/EP3726108B1/en
Publication of WO2019114613A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019114613A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/08—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks
    • F16K11/087—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with spherical plug
    • F16K11/0873—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with spherical plug the plug being only rotatable around one spindle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/041—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves
    • F16K31/043—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/20—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving more than two intermeshing members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/08—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks
    • F16K11/087—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with spherical plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/53—Mechanical actuating means with toothed gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/53—Mechanical actuating means with toothed gearing
    • F16K31/535—Mechanical actuating means with toothed gearing for rotating valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of fluid control technology, and more particularly to an electric valve.
  • multiple solenoid valves are generally used to switch the flow path.
  • the arrangement of multiple solenoid valves increases the difficulty of assembly, and is not convenient for maintenance and maintenance.
  • multiple solenoid valves need to be coordinated at the same time, so that the electromagnetic valves are switched in an orderly manner, which increases the difficulty and complexity of the flow path switching.
  • the present invention provides an electric valve including a drive mechanism, an actuator, and a valve body assembly, the drive mechanism including a sleeve and an output shaft, the output shaft being located within the sleeve, the actuator a valve stem coupled to the output shaft and a spool coupled to the valve stem, the spool being provided with a first flow passage and a second flow passage;
  • the valve body assembly including a valve body, the drive mechanism and The valve body assembly is sealed and fixed, and the driving mechanism is sealed with the valve body assembly to form a space isolated from the outside, and the output shaft, the connecting portion of the valve stem and the output shaft are located in the space.
  • the valve body has a cavity, four through holes and a sealing port, the valve rod and the valve core connecting portion are located in the cavity, the valve stem is not connected to the outside, and the through hole and the through hole
  • the sealing plugs are circumferentially spaced apart, the sealing openings are disposed between the adjacent through holes, and the valve body assembly further includes a valve seat for mounting the valve core, the valve seat setting There is a communication hole that communicates with the corresponding through hole.
  • the electric valve includes a first working position and a second working position, and in the first working position, each of the flow passages of the valve core respectively connects the circumferentially adjacent through holes to each other In the second working position, one of the through holes communicating with one of the flow passages and the two adjacent through holes adjacent to the sealing opening are closed, and the valve core is provided with the sealing opening one by one Correspondingly disposed, when the first working position is in the first working position, the blocking portion is in abutment with the sealing opening; in the second working position, in the two through holes adjacent to the sealing opening One is blocked by the occlusion port and the other is blocked by the occlusion portion.
  • the valve body assembly further includes a cover, the valve body being provided with an opening communicating with the cavity at least between two adjacent ones of the through holes, the cover blocking the opening to form The sealing mouth.
  • the drive mechanism includes a rotor assembly including a rotor and the output shaft, a first stage gear of the gear set coupled to the output shaft, and a final gear of the gear set
  • the valve stem is connected, and the gear set is also disposed in the space.
  • the valve body assembly further includes a gear cover disposed outside the gear set and the valve stem, the valve body having an end opening in communication with the cavity, one end of the valve stem passing through the end An opening extends into the cavity and is coupled to the valve body, and one end of the gear cover is sealingly coupled to the open end of the valve body.
  • the rotor assembly further includes a coupling seat sealingly coupled to the open end of the sleeve, the output shaft passing through the coupling seat, the sleeve being sealed to the other end of the gear cover by the coupling seat and Fixed connection.
  • the gear set is a planetary gear set having three or more gears, the planetary gear set is fixedly mounted to the space by the gear cover and the valve body, and a part of the valve stem is located in the space, and the rest Partially located within the valve body.
  • the planetary gear set has a four-stage gear, a central axis of the first stage gear coincides with a central axis of the planetary gear set, and the first stage gear is externally meshed with two or more second-stage gears circumferentially spaced apart
  • Each of the second stage gears meshes with an inner ring of the third stage gear at one end of each axial direction, and meshes with an inner ring of the fourth stage gear at the other end of the respective axial direction, the third stage gear and the The gear cover is fixedly connected.
  • the gear set further includes a gear mount mounted to the end opening, a portion of the valve stem extending into the cavity to be coupled to the spool, and a portion extending through the gear mount into the space
  • the gear fixing seat is provided with a limiting post
  • the fourth-stage gear is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the limiting post to support the gear set, and the The rotation of the spool is controlled within the range of the switching position.
  • the gear set includes four or more gears, and the gears of the second stage gear are sequentially distributed along the axial direction and meshed step by step, and the gears of all stages except the first stage gear are fixed with the respective circumferential directions, and The first gear is in the same plane of the transmission gear to mesh with the lower gear through the transmission gear.
  • the gear set further includes a limiting post and a gear fixing seat mounted on the end opening, the limiting post is for running through each stage of the gear and the transmission gear on the same central axis, each of the limiting positions
  • One end of the column is connected by a fixing plate, and the other end is fixedly connected with the gear fixing seat, a part of the valve stem extends into the cavity and is connected to the valve core, and a part of the valve rod extends through the gear fixing seat into the A space is coupled to the planetary gear set.
  • the last stage gear of the gear set is a sector gear, and at least two of the limit columns are respectively blocked on both sides of the sector gear to control the rotation of the valve core within a range of the switching working position.
  • the gear set further includes a limiting sleeve sleeved outside the limiting column for limiting axial movement of the gears of each stage and the transmission gear.
  • the electric valve of the present invention realizes the switching of the flow path by the rotation of the valve core, and realizes the switching of the flow path compared with the general plurality of solenoid valve combinations, and the structure is relatively compact and the volume is relatively small.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a motorized valve of the present invention in a specific embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the electric valve of Figure 1 in a connected state
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electric valve of Figure 1 in another connected state
  • Figure 4 is a first perspective structural view of the valve core of the electric valve shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a second perspective structural view of the valve core of the electric valve shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a side view showing the structure of the electric valve shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a front structural view of the electric valve shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a plan view of the gear set of the electric valve of Figure 1 in an arrangement
  • Figure 9 is a bottom plan view of the gear set of the electric valve of Figure 1 in an arrangement
  • Figure 10 is a front elevational view showing the gear set of the electric valve of Figure 1 in an arrangement
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the gear set of the electric valve of Figure 1 in an arrangement
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the gear train of the electric valve shown in Figure 1 in another arrangement.
  • Valve stem 1 plug end 11, valve core 2, first flow path 21, insertion groove 22, occluding portion 23, second flow path 24, valve body 3, cavity 31, through hole 32, end opening 33, Closure port 34, valve seat 4, communication hole 41, rotor assembly 5, output shaft 51, rotor 52, sleeve 53, coil assembly 54, gear set 6, first stage gear 61, second stage gear 62, third Stage gear 63, fourth stage gear 64, gear mount 65, limit post 66, limit groove 67, transmission gear 68, fixing plate 69, limit sleeve 60, connecting plate 600, fifth stage gear 611, sixth Stage gear 612, seventh stage gear 613, gear cover 7, connecting seat 8, end cover 9, and cover 10.
  • the axial, circumferential and radial directions described herein are all referenced to the electric valve, with the direction of the extension of the central axis of the electric valve being the axial direction, and the direction of rotation of the rotor in the rotor assembly 5 of the electric valve being the circumferential direction, in the vertical direction.
  • the diameter of the rotor extends in a radial direction.
  • the first and second terms used herein are used to distinguish two or more components that are identical or similar in structure, or two or more structures that are identical or similar, and do not represent a particular limitation of the order.
  • the present invention provides an electric valve including a drive mechanism, an actuator, and a valve body assembly for driving the actuator to effect flow switching of the valve body assembly.
  • the driving mechanism includes a sleeve 53 and an output shaft 51.
  • the output shaft 51 is located in the sleeve 53.
  • the actuator includes a valve stem 1 and a valve core 2 connected to each other.
  • the valve stem 1 is connected to the output shaft 51 and is outputted.
  • the shaft 51 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the valve core 2 to rotate;
  • the valve core 2 is provided with a first flow passage 21 and a second flow passage 23;
  • the sleeve 53 is sealed and fixed with the valve body assembly, and the sleeve 53 is sealed with the valve body assembly to form
  • the valve body assembly includes the valve body 3, and the valve body 3 has the cavity 31.
  • valve body assembly further includes a valve seat 4 for mounting the valve body 2, the valve seat 4 is provided with a communication hole 41 communicating with the corresponding through hole 32;
  • valve body 3 further includes At least one sealing opening 34, each of the through holes 32 and the sealing opening 34 are circumferentially spaced apart in the valve body 3, and the circumferentially adjacent two through holes 32 correspond to the first flow path 21 or the second flow path of the valve body 2 24, the sealing opening 34 is disposed between the adjacent two through holes 32, and may be selected between two adjacent through holes 32 as needed.
  • the sealing opening 34 may also be provided with a sealing opening 34 between the other two adjacent sealing openings 34, or at the same time, a sealing opening 34 may be provided between the plurality of pairs of circumferentially adjacent through holes 32 to be blocked as needed. Two or more through holes 32.
  • each flow passage can be rotated to a position corresponding to the through hole 32, thereby connecting the circumferentially adjacent through holes 32 to each other.
  • the valve stem 1 drives the spool 2 to rotate.
  • the flow path of the spool 2 is moved forward in the rotating direction, and then moved to the next pair of through holes 32 in the forward direction of the rotating direction to connect the next pair of circumferentially adjacent through holes 32.
  • one of the two through holes 32 adjacent to the sealing opening 34 is connected to the sealing opening 34, and the other is connected with the physical structure of the valve core 2, and then the sealing opening 34
  • the adjacent two through holes 32 are placed in an off state.
  • the front and rear are defined in terms of the direction of rotation, the direction in which the direction in the direction of rotation or the direction of rotation is directed forward, and the direction in which the direction of rotation is rearward.
  • the valve body 2 is provided with a blocking portion 23 which is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the sealing opening 34.
  • the first flow path 21 and the second flow path 24 are provided.
  • the circumferentially adjacent through holes 32 are connected in two, at this time, the blocking portion 23 is in abutment with the sealing opening 34, as shown in FIG. 2; in the second working position, the spool 2 is rotated to the next pair of circumferentially adjacent The through holes 32 are in communication.
  • one of the two through holes 32 adjacent to the circumferential direction of the sealing opening 34 is connected to the sealing opening 34 through the first flow path 21 or the second flow path 24, because the sealing opening 34 is sealed.
  • the through hole 32 is closed by the sealing opening 34, and the other is in contact with the blocking portion 23 of the valve body 2, and is further blocked by the blocking portion 23, as shown in FIG.
  • valve body assembly may further include a cover 10, and the valve body 3 is provided with an opening communicating with the cavity 31 at least between two adjacent through holes 32 thereof.
  • a closure 10 blocks the opening to form a closure opening 34.
  • the end cover 9 can be disposed at each of the through holes 32 of the valve body 3.
  • the end cover 9 can be configured to be open at both ends, and specifically includes a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion, and the large diameter portion can be provided with an external thread, and
  • the inner wall of the through hole 32 is screwed, and the small diameter portion can be sealingly connected to the valve body 3 through a sealing member such as an O-ring;
  • the outer end of the end cover 9 is connected to the connecting tube and the like, and the inner end is sealed with the valve core 2 through the valve seat 4; connection.
  • the inner and outer chambers described herein are referred to by the cavity 31, the inner side is adjacent to the cavity 31, and the direction away from the cavity 31 is outer.
  • the end cover 9 and the cover 10 can adopt substantially the same structure, and both can include a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion.
  • the different points include that the end cover 9 is provided with a through hole so that the through hole 32 is in a connectable state.
  • the sealing opening 34 may be of a similar structure to the through hole 32, or a plurality of openings may be provided in the circumferential direction of the valve body 3, and one or some of the openings may be blocked by the cover 10.
  • the other opening is in a free state, and the through hole 32 is formed.
  • the valve body 1 may have a substantially regular pentagon shape in a plan view and a through hole 32 is provided on each side thereof. Or seal the mouth 34.
  • the spool 2 may be substantially Y-shaped, and the first flow passage 21 and the second flow passage 24 are formed on both sides of the Y-shaped structure, and the portion between the two branches of the Y-shaped portion is set as a solid structure to form The plugging portion 23.
  • valve core 2 two relatively independent flow passages are provided by the valve core 2 as an example.
  • the valve body 3 is provided with four through holes 32 distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • an occlusion opening 34 is provided between the two circumferentially adjacent through holes 32.
  • the two through holes 32 communicate with each other, and the second flow passage 24 of the valve core 2 communicates the other two adjacent through holes 32 in the circumferential direction, that is, the valve core 2 communicates the circumferentially adjacent through holes 32 in two of the two flow passages;
  • the valve stem 2 drives the spool 2 to rotate to the second communication state (corresponding to the second working position)
  • the two through holes 32 communicating with each other can be switched, that is, the two flow passages 21 of the spool 2 respectively have no first communication state.
  • the communicating through holes 32 adjacent in the circumferential direction are connected in two, and the two through holes 32 adjacent to the closing opening 34 are closed.
  • the through holes 32 provided in the valve body 3 are sequentially defined in the circumferential direction as a first through hole a, a second through hole b, a third through hole c, and a fourth through hole d, in the fourth through hole d
  • a sealing opening 34 may be disposed between the first through hole and the first through hole a, and the first flow path 21 of the valve core 2 may communicate the first through hole a with the second through hole b, the second flow
  • the passage 24 connects the third through hole c and the fourth through hole d as shown in FIG.
  • the two flow passages of the spool 2 when in the second working position, the two flow passages of the spool 2 can be rotated at a certain angle in the circumferential direction, so that the first flow passage 21, the second through hole b is communicated with the third through hole c, and both ends of the second flow path 24 are respectively connected with the first through hole a and the sealing opening 34, so that the first through hole a is in an off state, and at the same time, the valve The blocking portion 23 of the core 2 is sealed in the fourth through hole d, and the fourth through hole d is placed in an off state, as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 those skilled in the art can use two through holes 32 communicating with each other as an inlet and an outlet, respectively, to realize the transportation of a gas, a liquid or a gas-liquid two-phase body according to the use requirement.
  • the first through hole a and the third through hole c may be selected as the inlet
  • the second through hole b and the fourth through hole d are selected as the outlet; in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the direction of the arrow indicates the flow direction. .
  • each of the flow passages of the spool 2 has ports at both ends, and the ports at both ends can correspond to the through holes 32 of the valve body 3; and, in order to avoid leakage, the first flow passage 21 and the second passage
  • the flow passage 24 can be hermetically connected to the valve seat 4 by its port, and at the same time, a seal such as a seal ring can be provided at the abutment of the valve seat 4 and the through hole 32.
  • valve core 2 can be provided with a slotted groove 22 at a position corresponding to the valve stem 1, and the plugging groove 22 can be a square groove, and an outwardly extending groove can be arranged at each vertex of the square groove.
  • the square groove can extend a certain depth in the axial direction, and then the insertion end 11 of the valve stem 1 is arranged in a column shape matching the square groove, so that the valve stem 1 is inserted into the insertion of the valve core 2 with the insertion end 11 thereof.
  • the circumferential connection of the valve stem 1 and the valve body 2 is fixedly connected, as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 11.
  • the drive mechanism includes a rotor assembly 5 including a rotor 52 and an output shaft 51.
  • the rotor assembly 5 includes a rotor 52 and an output shaft 51.
  • the first stage gear 61 of the gear set 6 is coupled to the output shaft 51 of the rotor assembly 5, and the gear set 6
  • the last stage gear is coupled to the valve stem 1, wherein the gear set 6 provides a reduction ratio, and the rotor assembly 5 transmits power to the valve stem 1 through the gear set 6 to drive the valve stem 1 to rotate.
  • the gear set 6 is also disposed in the above space.
  • the valve body assembly further includes a gear cover 7 disposed outside the gear set 6 and the valve stem 1, the valve body 3 having an end opening 33 in communication with the cavity 31, the valve stem One end of 1 is connected to the valve body 2 inserted into the chamber 31 via the end opening 33, one end of the gear cover 7 is sealingly connected to the open end of the valve body 3, and the other end is sealingly connected to the sleeve 53.
  • the axial end of the gear cover 7 can be sealingly connected to the open end of the valve body 3.
  • one end of the valve stem 1 can be inserted into the end opening 33, and the valve core 2 can be placed into the cavity 31 via the end opening 33, so that the valve body 3 can adopt a monolithic structure without the need for a valve body.
  • the installation of the spool 2 can be completed by performing the split setting.
  • the rotor assembly 5 may include an output shaft 51, a rotor 52, a sleeve 53 and a coil assembly 54 that are sequentially assembled from the inside out, the sleeve 53 encloses the output shaft 51 and the rotor 52, and the coil assembly 54 is sleeved Outside the sleeve 53, the sleeve 53 and the coil assembly 54 are then mounted to the other end of the gear cover 7, and the sleeve 53 is sealingly coupled to the gear cover 7, as shown in FIG.
  • the inside and the outside are defined with reference to the central axis of the output shaft 51 of the rotor assembly 5, the direction near the central axis is inner, and the direction away from the central axis is outer.
  • the rotor 52 can be shielded by the sleeve 53, and the sealing connection with the gear cover 7 can be realized, thereby improving the sealing reliability of the entire electric valve.
  • the rotor assembly 5 may further include a joint 8 that is sealingly coupled to the open end of the sleeve 53, at which time the output shaft 51 of the rotor assembly 5 passes through the joint 8.
  • the sleeve 53 is sealed and fixedly connected to the other end of the gear cover 7 through the joint 8 as shown in FIG.
  • the connecting seat 8 can be sealed with the open end of the sleeve 53 by vacuum electron beam welding or the like; the connecting seat 8 and the gear cover 7 can be padded with O-rings and the like for sealing connection.
  • the gear cover 7 and the open end of the valve body 3 may also be sealed by means of welding such as vacuum electron beam welding.
  • the rotor assembly 5 may specifically adopt a stepping motor or a DC brushless motor as a power source, and the stepping motor or the DC brushless motor may be arranged in the above-mentioned structural form.
  • the specific parameters of the stepping motor and the DC brushless motor can be set as needed.
  • the number of stages of magnetization can be different
  • the number of stages of the stepping motor can be 6 levels
  • the number of stages of the brushless DC motor can be level 4.
  • the stepping motor or the brushless DC motor also has different coil winding modes and the form of the stator. Those skilled in the art can perform specific settings as needed, but does not affect the arrangement of the motor using the general structural form of the present application.
  • the present application can select the gear set 6 to obtain the required gear ratio.
  • a planetary gear set or a common gear set 6 can be selected.
  • the gear set 6 may be a planetary gear set having three or more stages of gears.
  • the planetary gear set is fixedly mounted to the space by the gear cover 7 and the valve body 3, and a part of the valve stem 1 is located in the space, and the rest is located in the valve body 3.
  • the four-stage gear is taken as an example for description, that is, the planetary gear set may have four stages of gears, and the gear stage may be defined as a first stage gear 61, a second stage gear 62, a third stage gear 63, and a fourth stage gear 64; wherein the central axis of the first stage gear 61 coincides with the central axis of the planetary gear set, that is, the first stage gear 61 is in the middle, the second stage gear 62 and the first stage gear 61
  • the outer circumference meshes, the third stage gear 63 and the fourth stage gear 64 are both provided with teeth on the inner ring, and the teeth of the inner ring mesh with the outer teeth of the second stage gear 62, thus, the first stage gear 61 and the second stage gear
  • the 62 and third stage gears 63 are arranged in the radial direction from the inside to the outside, and the first stage gear 61, the second stage gear 62, and the fourth stage gear 64 are also arranged in the radial direction from the inside
  • the first stage gear 61 is externally meshed with two or more second stage gears 62 distributed in the circumferential direction, and each of the second stage gears 62 has an inner end of the respective stages and an inner ring of the third stage gear 63.
  • Engaging, the other end of each axial direction meshes with the inner ring of the fourth stage gear 64, and the third stage gear 63 is fixedly coupled with the gear cover 7 to prevent the second stage gear 62 from idling, thereby enabling the fourth stage gear
  • the gear ratio is provided such that the fourth stage gear 64 is capable of transmitting power to the valve stem 1.
  • the three second-stage gears 62 are exemplified, and the three second-stage gears 62 are equally spaced in the circumferential direction, as shown in FIG.
  • the gear set 6 can also be provided with a connecting plate 600 for connecting the three second-stage gears 62.
  • One end of the central axes of the three second-stage gears 62 can be connected to a connecting plate for 600 weeks.
  • the other end can be axially fixed to the other connecting plate 600 and rotatably connected in the circumferential direction to realize the connection of the three second-stage gears 62.
  • the attachment plate 600 is arranged to avoid affecting the transmission of the second stage gear 62 and the third stage gear 63 and the fourth stage gear 64.
  • the gear set 6 may further include a gear mount 65 mounted to the end opening 33 of the valve body 3, a portion of the valve stem 1 extending into the cavity 31 and connected to the spool 2, and a portion extending through the gear mount 65
  • the space is connected to the planetary gear set
  • the gear fixing seat 65 is provided with a limiting post 66
  • the fourth-stage gear 64 is provided with a limiting groove 67 matched with the limiting post 66 to support the gear set 6 through the limiting post 66;
  • the limiting post 66 does not move, and when the fourth-stage gear 64 rotates, the limiting slot 67 provided by the fourth-stage gear 64 is rotated, and one end of the limiting slot 67 contacts the limiting post 66 as a state, and the limit is limited.
  • the other end of the bit groove 67 is in contact with the limit post 66 in another state, so that the spool 2 stays in a certain connected position or connected state.
  • the spool 2 can be limited, and the rotation of the spool 2 can be controlled within the range of the switching working position, so that the spool 2 can only be switched at the completion of the working position. Rotate within the range.
  • the valve core 2 has two working positions, corresponding to one working position when in the first communication state, and corresponding to the other working position when in the second communication state, the valve core 2 can only be rotated to complete Switching from a connected state to a second connected state, or from a second connected state to a first connected state.
  • the fourth stage gear 64 when in the first communication state, the fourth stage gear 64 is moved to an extreme position, and when in the second communication state, the fourth stage gear 64 is moved to the other extreme position, which can be made by the limit at the limit position.
  • the valve body 2 is stabilized in the first communication state or the second communication state, thereby improving the stability and switching reliability of the valve body 3, and avoiding unreliable connection.
  • a limiting slot 67 can be disposed on a side of the fourth-stage gear 64 facing the end opening 33 of the valve body 3 .
  • the limiting slot 67 can be an arc-shaped slot, and can also be set as needed. Two or more circumferentially spaced limiting slots 67 are provided, and correspondingly engaged limiting posts 66 are provided accordingly.
  • the gear set 6 may include four or more gears, and the first stage gear 61 and the second stage gear 62 are in the same plane and directly meshed and driven, the second stage
  • the gears of the subsequent stages are sequentially distributed along the axial direction and meshed step by step; the gears of the other stages except the first stage gear 61 have the transmission gears 68 fixed in the same circumferential direction and in the same plane as the next stage gears. In order to mesh with the gear of the next stage through the transmission gear 68.
  • the second stage gear 62 is meshed and transmitted by the transmission gear 68 fixed to the circumferential direction thereof with the third stage gear 63.
  • the gears of the stages after the second stage are sequentially distributed in the axial direction and meshed step by step.
  • those skilled in the art can also provide a transmission gear 68 that is circumferentially fixed to the first-stage gear 61 and is axially below (the lower portion refers to the direction of the cavity 31 in the axial direction) as needed.
  • the second gear 62 is then meshed by the transmission gear 68.
  • the gear set 6 when the gear set 6 is selected as an axially arranged multi-stage gear, it may be specifically configured as a seven-stage gear set, that is, the first stage gear 61 and the second stage gear 62 are directly meshed in the same plane, The secondary gear 62, the third stage gear 63, the fourth stage gear 64, the fifth stage gear 611, the sixth stage gear 612, and the seventh stage gear 613 are sequentially engaged by the transmission gear 68, and the meshing manners are all external engagement.
  • the seventh stage gear 613 is used as the last stage gear, it is specifically set as a sector gear, as shown in FIG.
  • the requirement of the transmission ratio can be satisfied, and on the other hand, the axial height of the entire gear set 6 can be shortened as much as possible, which is advantageous for simplifying the structure and saving installation space.
  • the gear set 6 may also include a limiting post 66 and a gear fixing seat 65 mounted on the end opening 33, and the limiting post 66 is used to penetrate all stages on the same central axis.
  • a gear and a transmission gear 68 one end of each of the limiting posts 66 is connected by a fixing plate 69, and the other end is fixedly connected with the gear fixing seat 65.
  • a part of the valve stem 1 extends into the cavity 31 and is connected with the valve core 2, and a part passes through the
  • the gear mount 65 extends into the space to be coupled to the planetary gear set. At this time, the fixing and connecting of the gears of each stage are realized by the limiting post 66.
  • the limit column 66 can also serve as a limit.
  • the last stage gear of the gear set 6 may be a sector gear, and at least two limit columns 66 may be respectively blocked on both sides of the sector gear to control the rotation of the valve core 2 within the range of the switching working position. , as shown in Figure 12.
  • the gear set 6 member may further include a limiting sleeve 60 sleeved outside the limiting post 66 for limiting the axial sway of the gears and the transmission gear 68 of each stage, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the transmission.
  • the present application can select a suitable gear set 6 according to needs, and when the planetary gear set is adopted, it has the advantages of small axial space and convenient installation in a small space; and when the gear set 6 is used, more stages of gears can be set as needed. In order to obtain a larger transmission ratio and a larger transmission force. Of course, here is the result of the comparison of the two gear sets 6, the size is relatively relative.

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Abstract

一种电动阀，能够快速实现多个流路的可靠切换，其包括驱动机构、执行机构和阀体组件，驱动机构包括套管（53）和位于套管（53）内的输出轴（51），执行机构包括与输出轴（51）连接的阀杆（1）和与阀杆（1）连接的阀芯（2），阀芯（2）设有第一流道（21）和第二流道（24）；阀体组件包括阀体（3）和阀座（4），套管（53）与阀体组件密封固定，并形成有与外界隔离的空间，输出轴（51）、阀杆（1）与输出轴（51）的连接部位位于该空间，阀杆（1）不与外界相连接，阀体（3）具有腔（31）、四个通孔（32）和一个封堵口（34），各通孔（32）和封堵口（34）在周向间隔分布，封堵口（34）设于相邻的通孔（32）之间，阀座（4）设置有与对应通孔（32）相连通的连通孔（41）；阀芯（2）的各流道分别将周向相邻的通孔（32）两两连通，阀杆（1）带动阀芯（2）转动，以切换相互连通的两通孔（32）、并将与封堵口（34）周向相邻的两通孔（32）截止。

Description

一种电动阀
本申请要求于2017年12月11日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711307890.0、发明名称为“一种电动阀”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及流体控制技术领域，特别是涉及一种电动阀。
背景技术
在一些具有多流路的系统中，如汽车空调系统中，一般采用多个电磁阀实现流路的切换，一方面，多个电磁阀的设置增加了装配难度，还不便于检修和维护，成本也较高；另一方面，进行流路切换时需要同时多个电磁阀协调动作，使得各电磁阀有序地开关动作，增加了流路切换的难度和复杂程度。
故，如何采用更少的阀实现复杂工况下多个流路的切换成为本领域技术人员亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种电动阀，能够实现多个流路的切换。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种电动阀，包括驱动机构、执行机构和阀体组件，所述驱动机构包括套管和输出轴，所述输出轴位于所述套管内，所述执行机构包括与所述输出轴连接的阀杆和与所述阀杆连接的阀芯，所述阀芯设有第一流道和第二流道；所述阀体组件包括阀体，所述驱动机构与所述阀体组件密封固定，所述驱动机构与所述阀体组件密封后形成有与外界隔离的空间，所述输出轴、所述阀杆与所述输出轴的连接部位位于所述空间，所述阀体具有腔、四个通孔和一个封堵口，所述阀杆与所述阀芯连接部位位于所述腔，所述阀杆不与外界相连接，各所述通孔和所述封堵口在周向间隔分布，所述封堵口设于相邻的所述通孔之间，所述阀体组件还包括用于安装所述阀芯的阀座，所述阀座设置有与对应所述通孔相连通的连通孔。
所述电动阀包括第一工作位和第二工作位，在所述第一工作位时，所述阀芯的各所述流道分别将周向相邻的所述通孔两两连通，在所述第二工作位时，其中一个所述流道连通的两所述通孔、并且所述封堵口周向相邻的两所述通孔截止，所述阀芯设有与所述封堵口一一对应设置的封堵部，处于第一工作位时，所述封堵部与所述封堵口对接；处于第二工作位时，与所述封堵口周向相邻的两所述通孔中，一者由所述封堵口截止，另一者由所述封堵部截止。
所述阀体组件还包括封盖，所述阀体至少在其中两个相邻的所述通孔之间设有与所述腔连通的开口，所述封盖封堵所述开口，以形成所述封堵口。
所述驱动机构包括转子组件和齿轮组，所述转子组件包括转子和所述输出轴，所述齿轮组的第一级齿轮与所述输出轴连接，所述齿轮组的最后一级齿轮与所述阀杆连接，所述齿轮组也设置于所述空间。
所述阀体组件还包括罩设在所述齿轮组和所述阀杆外的齿轮罩，所述阀体具有与所述腔连通的端部开口，所述阀杆的一端经由所述端部开口伸入所述腔内与所述阀芯连接，所述齿轮罩的一端与所述阀体的开口端密封连接。
所述转子组件还包括密封地连接于所述套管的开口端的连接座，所述输出轴穿过所述连接座，所述套管通过所述连接座与所述齿轮罩的另一端密封并固定连接。
所述齿轮组为具有三级以上齿轮的行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组通过所述齿轮罩和所述阀体配合固定安装于所述空间，并且所述阀杆一部分位于所述空间，其余部分位于所述阀体内。
所述行星齿轮组具有四级齿轮，第一级齿轮的中轴线与所述行星齿轮组的中轴线重合，所述第一级齿轮外啮合有两个以上在周向间隔分布的第二级齿轮，各所述第二级齿轮均以各自轴向的一端与第三级齿轮的内圈啮合，以各自轴向的另一端与第四级齿轮的内圈啮合，所述第三级齿轮与所述齿轮罩固定连接。
所述齿轮组还包括安装于所述端部开口的齿轮固定座，所述阀杆的一部分伸入所述腔与所述阀芯相连接，一部分穿过所述齿轮固定座伸入所述 空间与所述行星齿轮组相连接，所述齿轮固定座设有限位柱，所述第四级齿轮设有与所述限位柱配合的限位槽，以支撑所述齿轮组，并将所述阀芯的转动控制在切换工作位的范围内。
所述齿轮组包括四级以上齿轮，第二级齿轮以后的各级齿轮沿轴向依次分布并逐级啮合，除第一级齿轮外的各级齿轮均具有与各自周向固定、并与下一级齿轮处于同一平面内的传动齿轮，以通过所述传动齿轮与下一级齿轮啮合传动。
所述齿轮组还包括限位柱和安装于所述端部开口的齿轮固定座，所述限位柱用于贯穿处于同一中轴线上的各级齿轮和所述传动齿轮，各所述限位柱的一端通过固定板连接，另一端与所述齿轮固定座固定连接，所述阀杆的一部分伸入所述腔与所述阀芯相连接，一部分穿过所述齿轮固定座伸入所述空间与所述行星齿轮组相连接。
所述齿轮组的最后一级齿轮为扇形齿轮，至少两个所述限位柱分别隔挡于所述扇形齿轮的两侧，以便将所述阀芯的转动控制在切换工作位的范围内，所述齿轮组还包括套设于所述限位柱外的限位套，用于限制各级齿轮和所述传动齿轮的轴向窜动。
本发明的电动阀，通过阀芯的转动实现流路的切换，相比于一般的多个电磁阀组合来实现流路的切换，结构相对较为紧凑，体积相对较小。
附图说明
图1为本发明所提供电动阀在一种具体实施方式中的剖视图；
图2为图1所示电动阀处于一种连通状态的剖视图；
图3为图1所示电动阀处于另一种连通状态的剖视图；
图4为图1所示电动阀的阀芯的第一立体结构示意图；
图5为图1所示电动阀的阀芯的第二立体结构示意图；
图6为图1所示电动阀的侧面结构示意图；
图7为图1所示电动阀的正面结构示意图；
图8为图1所示电动阀的齿轮组在一种设置方式中的俯视图；
图9为图1所示电动阀的齿轮组在一种设置方式中的仰视图；
图10为图1所示电动阀的齿轮组在一种设置方式中的正面结构示意图；
图11为图1所示电动阀的齿轮组在一种设置方式中的剖视图；
图12为图1所示电动阀的齿轮组在另一种设置方式中的立体结构示意图。
图1－图12中：
阀杆1、插接端11、阀芯2、第一流道21、插接槽22、封堵部23、第二流道24、阀体3、腔31、通孔32、端部开口33、封堵口34、阀座4、连通孔41、转子组件5、输出轴51、转子52、套管53、线圈组件54、齿轮组6、第一级齿轮61、第二级齿轮62、第三级齿轮63、第四级齿轮64、齿轮固定座65、限位柱66、限位槽67、传动齿轮68、固定板69、限位套60、连接板600、第五级齿轮611、第六级齿轮612、第七级齿轮613、齿轮罩7、连接座8、端盖9、封盖10。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图，对本发明的具体实施方式进行介绍，以便本领域技术人员准确理解本发明的技术方案。
本文所述的轴向、周向和径向均以电动阀为参照，以电动阀的中轴线的延伸方向为轴向，以电动阀的转子组件5中转子的转动方向为周向，在垂直于轴向的水平面内，转子的直径延伸方向为径向。
本文所述的第一、第二等词仅用于区分结构相同或类似的两个以上部件，或者相同或类似的两个以上的结构，不表示对顺序的特殊限定。
如图1－图12所示，本发明提供了一种电动阀，包括驱动机构、执行机构和阀体组件，驱动机构用于驱动执行机构动作，以实现阀体组件的流路切换。具体而言，驱动机构包括套管53和输出轴51，输出轴51位于套管53内，执行机构包括相互连接的阀杆1和阀芯2，阀杆1与输出轴51连接，并在输出轴51的驱动下转动，进而带动阀芯2转动；阀芯2设有第一流道21和第二流道23；套管53与阀体组件密封固定，套管53与阀体组件密封后形成有与外界隔离的空间，输出轴51、阀杆1与输出轴51的 连接部位均位于所述空间，阀杆1不与外界相连接；阀体组件包括阀体3，阀体3具有腔31和与腔31连通的四个通孔32，阀体组件还包括用于安装阀芯2的阀座4，阀座4设置有与对应通孔32相连通的连通孔41；阀体3还包括至少一个封堵口34，各通孔32和封堵口34在阀体3的周向间隔分布，并且，周向相邻的两个通孔32对应阀芯2的第一流道21或第二流道24，封堵口34设置在相邻的两个通孔32之间，可以根据需要选择在其中两个相邻的通孔32之间设置封堵口34，也可以在另外两个相邻的封堵口34之间设置封堵口34，或者同时在多对周向相邻的通孔32之间设置封堵口34，以便根据需要封堵两个或者多个通孔32。
具体而言，如图1-图3所示，阀杆1带动阀芯2转动时，可以将各流道转动至与通孔32对应的位置，从而将周向相邻的通孔32两两连通，此时，不存在处于封堵状态的通孔32，此为第一工作位；当需要切换相互连通的通孔32、并将其中某些通孔32截止时，阀杆1带动阀芯2转动一定的角度，到达第二工作位，使得阀芯2的流道沿转动方向向前移动，进而移动至处于转动方向前方的下一对通孔32，将下一对周向相邻的通孔32连通，并且，将与封堵口34相邻的两个通孔32中的其中一者与封堵口34相接，另一者与阀芯2的实体结构相接，进而将与封堵口34相邻的两通孔32置于截止状态。此处所谓的前后是以转动方向而言进行定义的，处于转动方向前方的方向或者说转动方向所指向的方向为前，处于转动方向后方的方向为后。
为实现对通孔32的截止，本申请中，阀芯2设有与封堵口34一一对应设置的封堵部23，处于第一工作位时，第一流道21和第二流道24将周向相邻的通孔32两两连通，此时，封堵部23与封堵口34对接，如图2所示；处于第二工作位时，阀芯2转动至将下一对周向相邻的通孔32连通，此时，与封堵口34周向相邻的两通孔32中，一者通过第一流道21或第二流道24而与封堵口34对接，由于封堵口34处于封堵状态，故该通孔32被封堵口34截止，另一者与阀芯2的封堵部23相对接，进而被该封堵部23截止，如图3所示。
如图2、图3、图6和图7所示，阀体组件还可以包括封盖10，阀体3至少在其中两个相邻的通孔32之间设有与腔31连通的开口，封盖10封堵 该开口，以形成封堵口34。
同时，阀体3的各通孔32处可以设置端盖9，端盖9可以设置为两端开口的结构形式，具体可以包括大径部和小径部，大径部可以设有外螺纹，与通孔32的内壁螺纹连接，小径部可以通过O型圈等密封件与阀体3密封连接；端盖9的外端用于与接管等部件连接，内端通过阀座4与阀芯2密封连接。此处所述的内外以腔31为参照，靠近腔31的方向为内，远离腔31的方向为外。
端盖9和封盖10可以采用大致相同的结构形式，均可以包括大径部和小径部，所不同的点包括：端盖9要设置贯通孔，以使得通孔32处于可连通的状态。
为便于加工，封堵口34可以采用与通孔32类似的结构形式，或者可以在阀体3的周向间隔设置多个开口，并将其中某个或者某些开口通过封盖10封堵，以形成封堵口34，另外的开口处于自由状态，构成通孔32。
本实施例中，以设置四个通孔32和一个封堵口34为例进行说明，相应地，阀体1在俯视状态下可以大致为正五边形，并在其各边设置通孔32或者封堵口34。此时，阀芯2可以大致呈Y型，并在Y型结构的两侧形成第一流道21和第二流道24，以处于Y型的两分支之间的部分设置为实体结构，以形成封堵部23。
如图2-图5所示，本实施例中以阀芯2设置两条相对独立的流道为例进行说明，此时，阀体3设有四个在周向间隔分布的通孔32，并且，在其中两个周向相邻的通孔32之间设有一个封堵口34，当处于第一连通状态时(对应第一工作位)，阀芯2的第一流道21将周向相邻的其中两个通孔32连通，阀芯2的第二流道24将周向相邻的另外两个通孔32连通，即阀芯2以其两个流道分别将周向相邻的通孔32两两连通；阀杆1带动阀芯2转动至第二连通状态时(对应第二工作位)，能够切换相互连通的两通孔32，即阀芯2的两个流道21分别将第一连通状态下没有连通的、而在周向上相邻的通孔32两两连通，并且，将与封堵口34相邻的两通孔32截止。
为便于说明，将阀体3上设置的通孔32沿周向依次定义为第一通孔a、第二通孔b、第三通孔c和第四通孔d，在第四通孔d和第一通孔a之间可以设置一个封堵口34，则处于第一工作位时，阀芯2的第一流道21可以 将第一通孔a与第二通孔b连通，第二流道24将第三通孔c和第四通孔d连通，如图2所示；处于第二工作位时，阀芯2的两个流道可以沿周向转动一定的角度，使得第一流道21将第二通孔b与第三通孔c连通，第二流道24的两端分别与第一通孔a和封堵口34连接，使得第一通孔a处于截止状态，同时，阀芯2的封堵部23封堵于第四通孔d，将第四通孔d置于截止状态，如图3所示。
如图2和图3所示，本领域技术人员可以根据使用需求，将相互连通的两个通孔32分别作为进口和出口，以实现气体、液体或者气液两相体的输送。本实施例中，可以选择第一通孔a和第三通孔c作为进口，选择第二通孔b和第四通孔d作为出口；图2和图3中，以箭头的指向表示流动方向。
如图4和图5所示，阀芯2的各流道的两端具有端口，两端的端口能够与阀体3的通孔32相对应；并且，为了避免泄露，第一流道21和第二流道24能够以其端口与阀座4密封连接，同时，在阀座4与通孔32的对接处可以设置密封圈等密封件。
此外，阀芯2在与阀杆1相对应的位置可以设置插接槽22，该插接槽22具体可以为四方形槽，在该四方形槽的各顶点处可以设置向外延伸的凹槽，以提高阀杆1与阀芯2在周向连接定位的可靠性。该四方形槽可以沿轴向延伸一定深度，然后将阀杆1的插接端11设置为与该四方形槽相配合的柱状，使得阀杆1以其插接端11插入阀芯2的插接槽22内，实现阀杆1与阀芯2的周向固定连接，如图4、图5和图11所示。
如图1所示，驱动机构包括转子组件5和齿轮组6，转子组件5包括转子52和输出轴51，齿轮组6的第一级齿轮61与转子组件5的输出轴51连接，齿轮组6的最后一级齿轮与阀杆1连接，其中，齿轮组6提供减速比，转子组件5通过齿轮组6将动力传递给阀杆1，以驱动阀杆1转动。同时，该齿轮组6也设置于上述空间。
具体地，结合图1、图6和图7，阀体组件还包括罩设在齿轮组6和阀杆1外的齿轮罩7，阀体3具有与腔31连通的端部开口33，阀杆1的一端经由端部开口33与置入腔31内的阀芯2连接，齿轮罩7的一端与阀体3的开口端密封连接，另一端与套管53密封连接。
如图6和图7所示，齿轮罩7的轴向一端可以与阀体3的开口端密封连接。如此，可以使得阀杆1的一端伸入端部开口33，还可以经由该端部开口33将阀芯2置入腔31内，使得阀体3可以采用整体式的结构形式，无需对阀体3进行分体设置即可完成阀芯2的安装。
具体而言，转子组件5可以包括由内而外依次套装的输出轴51、转子52、套管53和线圈组件54，套管53将输出轴51和转子52套装于内部，线圈组件54套接于套管53外部，然后，将套管53和线圈组件54安装于齿轮罩7的另一端，并将套管53与齿轮罩7密封连接，如图1所示。
此处所谓的内外是以转子组件5的输出轴51的中轴线为参照定义的，靠近该中轴线的方向为内，远离该中轴线的方向为外。
采用上述结构形式，可以通过套管53对转子52进行防护，并实现与齿轮罩7的密封连接，提高整个电动阀的密封可靠性。
为实现套管53与齿轮罩7的连接，本申请中，转子组件5还可以包括密封地连接于套管53的开口端的连接座8，此时，转子组件5的输出轴51穿过连接座8，套管53通过连接座8与齿轮罩7的另一端密封并固定连接，如图1所示。
本实施例中，连接座8可以与套管53的开口端采用真空电子束焊等焊接形式实现密封连接；连接座8与齿轮罩7之间可以垫装O型圈等密封件进行密封连接，齿轮罩7与阀体3的开口端也可以采用真空电子束焊等焊接形式实现密封连接。
本实施例中，转子组件5具体可以采用步进电机或者直流无刷电机作为动力源，步进电机或者直流无刷电机均可以采用上述结构形式进行布置。所不同的是，可以根据需要设置步进电机和直流无刷电机的具体参数，如充磁的级数可以不同，步进电机的级数可以为6级，直流无刷电机的级数可以为4级。同时，步进电机或者直流无刷电机在线圈绕制方式以及定子的形式上也存在不同，本领域技术人员可以根据需要进行具体设置，但不影响使用本申请通用的结构形式进行电机的布置。
在上述基础上，本申请可以选择齿轮组6，以获取所需的传动比，如，可以选用行星齿轮组或者普通的齿轮组6。
如图8-图11所示，本实施例中，齿轮组6可以为具有三级以上齿轮的 行星齿轮组。该行星齿轮组通过齿轮罩7和阀体3配合固定安装于上述空间，并且阀杆1的一部分位于上述空间，其余部分位于所述阀体3内。
在本实施例中，以四级齿轮为例进行说明，即该行星齿轮组可以具有四级齿轮，按照传动级可以定义为第一级齿轮61、第二级齿轮62、第三级齿轮63和第四级齿轮64；其中，第一级齿轮61的中轴线与行星齿轮组的中轴线重合，也就是说，第一级齿轮61处于正中间，第二级齿轮62与第一级齿轮61的外周啮合，第三级齿轮63和第四级齿轮64均在内圈设置齿，并以内圈的齿与第二级齿轮62的外齿进行啮合，如此，第一级齿轮61、第二级齿轮62和第三级齿轮63在径向上由内而外依次布置，第一级齿轮61、第二级齿轮62和第四级齿轮64也在径向上由内而外依次布置。
更为详细的，第一级齿轮61外啮合有两个以上在周向间隔分布的第二级齿轮62，各第二级齿轮62均以各自轴向的一端与第三级齿轮63的内圈啮合，以各自轴向的另一端与第四级齿轮64的内圈啮合，并且，第三级齿轮63与齿轮罩7固定连接，以避免第二级齿轮62空转，进而能够为第四级齿轮64提供传动比，使得第四级齿轮64能够将动力传递给阀杆1。
本实施例中，以设置三个第二级齿轮62为例进行说明，三个第二级齿轮62在周向等间距分布，如图8所示。
结合图8和图11可知，齿轮组6还可以设置连接板600，用于实现三个第二级齿轮62的连接，三个第二级齿轮62的中轴线的一端可以与一个连接板600周向可转动、轴向固定连接，另一端可以与另一个连接板600轴向固定、周向可转动连接，进而实现这三个第二级齿轮62的连接。可以理解，连接板600的设置要避免影响第二级齿轮62与第三级齿轮63和第四级齿轮64的传动。
再者，齿轮组6还可以包括安装于阀体3的端部开口33的齿轮固定座65，阀杆1的一部分伸入腔31与阀芯2相连接，一部分穿过齿轮固定座65伸入上述空间与行星齿轮组相连接，齿轮固定座65设有限位柱66，第四级齿轮64设有与限位柱66配合的限位槽67，以通过该限位柱66支撑齿轮组6；同时，限位柱66不动，第四级齿轮64转动时，带动第四级齿轮64设有的限位槽67转动，限位槽67的一端接触到限位柱66为一种状态，限位槽67的另一端接触到限位柱66为另一种状态，从而使得阀芯2 停留在某个连通位或者连通状态。
可见，通过限位槽67和限位柱66的配合，可以对阀芯2进行限位，将阀芯2的转动控制在切换工作位的范围内，使得阀芯2只能够在完成工作位切换的范围内转动。具体到本实施例中，阀芯2具有两个工作位，处于第一连通状态时对应一个工作位，处于第二连通状态时对应另一个工作位，则阀芯2只能够转动而完成由第一连通状态到第二连通状态的切换，或者由第二连通状态到第一连通状态的切换。
或者，当处于第一连通状态时，第四级齿轮64运动到一个极限位置，当处于第二连通状态时，第四级齿轮64运动到另一个极限位置，可以通过在极限位置的限位使得阀芯2稳定在第一连通状态或者第二连通状态，提高阀体3的稳定性和切换可靠性，避免出现连通不可靠。
如图1和图9所示，具体可以在第四级齿轮64朝向阀体3的端部开口33的一面设置限位槽67，该限位槽67可以为弧形槽，还可以根据需要设置两个或者多个周向间隔分布的限位槽67，并相应地设置相互配合的限位柱66。
如图12所示，在另一种具体设置方式中，齿轮组6可以包括四级以上齿轮，第一级齿轮61和第二级齿轮62处于同一平面内，并直接外啮合传动，第二级以后的各级齿轮沿轴向依次分布并逐级啮合；除第一级齿轮61外的其他各级齿轮均具有与各自周向固定、并与下一级齿轮处于同一平面内的传动齿轮68，以便通过传动齿轮68与下一级齿轮啮合传动。也就是说，只有第一级齿轮61和第二级齿轮62在同一平面内直接啮合传动，第二级齿轮62是通过与其周向固定的传动齿轮68与第三级齿轮63啮合传动的，依次类推，以使得第二级以后的各级齿轮沿轴向依次分布并逐级啮合。当然，本领域技术人员也可以根据需要设置与第一级齿轮61周向固定、并处于其轴向下方(此处所述的下方是指轴向上指向腔31的方向)的传动齿轮68，然后通过该传动齿轮68与第二级齿轮62啮合。
在另一实施例中，当齿轮组6选用轴向布置的多级齿轮时，具体可以设置为七级齿轮组，即第一级齿轮61和第二级齿轮62处于同一平面内直接啮合，第二级齿轮62、第三级齿轮63、第四级齿轮64、第五级齿轮611、第六级齿轮612和第七级齿轮613通过传动齿轮68依次啮合，啮合的方式 均为外啮合，此时，第七级齿轮613作为最后一级齿轮，具体设置为扇形齿轮，如图12所示。
采用上述齿轮组6的布置形式，一方面可以满足传动比的需求，另一方面可以尽可能地缩短整个齿轮组6的轴向高度，有利于精简结构，节省安装空间。
当采用上述齿轮组6的结构形式时，齿轮组6件也可以包括限位柱66和安装于端部开口33的齿轮固定座65，限位柱66用于贯穿处于同一中轴线上的各级齿轮和传动齿轮68，各限位柱66的一端通过固定板69连接，另一端与齿轮固定座65固定连接，阀杆1的一部分伸入腔31与阀芯2相连接，一部分穿过所述齿轮固定座65伸入上述空间与行星齿轮组相连接。此时，通过限位柱66实现各级齿轮的固定和连接。
同时，限位柱66还可以起到限位作用。具体而言，齿轮组6的最后一级齿轮可以为扇形齿轮，至少两个限位柱66可以分别隔挡于扇形齿轮的两侧，以便将阀芯2的转动控制在切换工作位的范围内，如图12所示。
当扇形齿轮顺时针运动到与阀芯2的一个工作位时，扇形齿轮以其处于顺时针方向前方的一侧面与处于顺时针方向前方的限位柱66抵接，限制扇形齿轮继续顺时针转动；当扇形齿轮逆时针运动到与阀芯2的另一个工作位时，扇形齿轮以其处于逆时针方向前方的一侧面与处于逆时针方向前方的限位柱66抵接，限制扇形齿轮继续逆时针转动，从而实现对阀芯2的限位。
此外，齿轮组6件还可以包括套设于限位柱66外的限位套60，用于限制各级齿轮和传动齿轮68的轴向窜动，提高传动的稳定可靠性。
本申请可以根据需要选择合适的齿轮组6，当采用行星齿轮组时，具有轴向空间较小、便于小空间安装的优点；而采用齿轮组6时，可以根据需要设置更多级数的齿轮，从而获取更大的传动比，具有较大的传动力。当然，此处是这两种齿轮组6比较的结果，大小都是相对而言的。
以上对本发明所提供电动阀进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这 些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电动阀，包括驱动机构、执行机构和阀体组件，其特征在于，所述驱动机构包括套管(53)和输出轴(51)，所述输出轴(51)位于所述套管(53)内，所述执行机构包括与所述输出轴(51)连接的阀杆(1)和与所述阀杆(1)连接的阀芯(2)，所述阀芯(2)设有第一流道(21)和第二流道(24)；所述阀体组件包括阀体(3)，所述驱动机构与所述阀体组件密封固定，所述驱动机构与所述阀体组件密封后形成有与外界隔离的空间，所述输出轴(51)、所述阀杆(1)与所述输出轴(51)的连接部位位于所述空间，所述阀体(3)具有腔(31)、四个通孔(32)和一个封堵口(34)，所述阀杆与所述阀芯连接部位位于所述腔(31)，所述阀杆(1)不与外界相连接，各所述通孔(32)和所述封堵口(34)在周向间隔分布，所述封堵口(34)设于相邻的所述通孔(32)之间，所述阀体组件还包括用于安装所述阀芯(2)的阀座(4)，所述阀座(4)设置有与对应所述通孔(32)相连通的连通孔(41)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电动阀，其特征在于，所述电动阀包括第一工作位和第二工作位，在所述第一工作位时，所述阀芯(2)的各所述流道(21)分别将周向相邻的所述通孔(32)两两连通，在所述第二工作位时，其中一个所述流道(21)连通两所述通孔(32)、并且所述封堵口(34)周向相邻的两所述通孔(32)截止，所述阀芯(2)设有与所述封堵口(34)一一对应设置的封堵部(23)，处于第一工作位时，所述封堵部(23)与所述封堵口(34)对接；处于第二工作位时，与所述封堵口(34)周向相邻的两所述通孔(32)中，一者由所述封堵口(34)截止，另一者由所述封堵部(23)截止。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电动阀，其特征在于，所述阀体组件还包括封盖(10)，所述阀体(3)至少在其中两个相邻的所述通孔(32)之间设有与所述腔(31)连通的开口，所述封盖(10)封堵所述开口，以形成所述封堵口(34)。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的电动阀，其特征在于，所述驱动机构包括转子组件(5)和齿轮组(6)，所述转子组件包括转子(52)和所述输出轴(51)，所述齿轮组(6)的第一级齿轮与所述输出轴(51)连接，所 述齿轮组(6)的最后一级齿轮与所述阀杆(1)连接，所述齿轮组(6)也设置于所述空间。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电动阀，其特征在于，所述阀体组件还包括罩设在所述齿轮组(6)和所述阀杆(1)外的齿轮罩(7)，所述阀体(3)具有与所述腔(31)连通的端部开口(33)，所述阀杆(1)的一端经由所述端部开口(33)伸入所述腔(31)内与所述阀芯(2)连接，所述齿轮罩(7)的一端与所述阀体(3)的开口端密封连接。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电动阀，其特征在于，所述转子组件(5)还包括密封地连接于所述套管(53)的开口端的连接座(8)，所述输出轴(51)穿过所述连接座(8)，所述套管(53)通过所述连接座(8)与所述齿轮罩(7)的另一端密封并固定连接。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的电动阀，其特征在于，所述齿轮组(6)为具有三级以上齿轮的行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组通过所述齿轮罩(7)和所述阀体(3)配合固定安装于所述空间，并且所述阀杆(1)一部分位于所述空间，其余部分位于所述阀体(3)内。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电动阀，其特征在于，所述行星齿轮组具有四级齿轮，第一级齿轮(61)的中轴线与所述行星齿轮组的中轴线重合，所述第一级齿轮(61)外啮合有两个以上在周向间隔分布的第二级齿轮(62)，各所述第二级齿轮(62)均以各自轴向的一端与第三级齿轮(63)的内圈啮合，以各自轴向的另一端与第四级齿轮(64)的内圈啮合，所述第三级齿轮(63)与所述齿轮罩(7)固定连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电动阀，其特征在于，所述齿轮组(6)还包括安装于所述端部开口(33)的齿轮固定座(65)，所述阀杆(1)的一部分伸入所述腔(31)与所述阀芯(2)相连接，一部分穿过所述齿轮固定座(65)伸入所述空间与所述行星齿轮组相连接，所述齿轮固定座(65)设有限位柱(66)，所述第四级齿轮(64)设有与所述限位柱(66)配合的限位槽(67)，以支撑所述齿轮组(6)，并将所述阀芯(2)的转动控制在切换工作位的范围内。
  10. 如权利要求5所述的电动阀，其特征在于，所述齿轮组(6)包括四级以上齿轮，第二级齿轮(62)以后的各级齿轮沿轴向依次分布并逐级 啮合，除第一级齿轮(61)外的各级齿轮均具有与各自周向固定、并与下一级齿轮处于同一平面内的传动齿轮(68)，以通过所述传动齿轮(68)与下一级齿轮啮合传动；
    所述齿轮组(6)还包括限位柱(66)和安装于所述端部开口(33)的齿轮固定座(65)，所述限位柱(66)用于贯穿处于同一中轴线上的各级齿轮和所述传动齿轮(68)，各所述限位柱(66)的一端通过固定板(69)连接，另一端与所述齿轮固定座(65)固定连接，所述阀杆(1)的一部分伸入所述腔(31)与所述阀芯(2)相连接，一部分穿过所述齿轮固定座(65)伸入所述空间与所述行星齿轮组相连接；
    所述齿轮组(6)的最后一级齿轮为扇形齿轮，至少两个所述限位柱(66)分别隔挡于所述扇形齿轮的两侧，以便将所述阀芯(2)的转动控制在切换工作位的范围内，所述齿轮组(6)还包括套设于所述限位柱(66)外的限位套(60)，用于限制各级齿轮和所述传动齿轮(68)的轴向窜动。
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