WO2019128038A1 - 次同步抑制方法、装置及变流器的控制器 - Google Patents

次同步抑制方法、装置及变流器的控制器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019128038A1
WO2019128038A1 PCT/CN2018/086659 CN2018086659W WO2019128038A1 WO 2019128038 A1 WO2019128038 A1 WO 2019128038A1 CN 2018086659 W CN2018086659 W CN 2018086659W WO 2019128038 A1 WO2019128038 A1 WO 2019128038A1
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Prior art keywords
current
fluctuation amount
power
grid side
active
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PCT/CN2018/086659
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭锐
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Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
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Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
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Priority to AU2018357827A priority Critical patent/AU2018357827B2/en
Priority to ES18865341T priority patent/ES2986193T3/es
Priority to EP18865341.4A priority patent/EP3534480B1/en
Priority to US16/342,281 priority patent/US11296629B2/en
Publication of WO2019128038A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128038A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/05—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for damping motor oscillations, e.g. for reducing hunting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
    • G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
    • G05B13/04—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
    • G05B13/041—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a variable is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
    • H02J13/12—Monitoring network conditions, e.g. electrical magnitudes or operational status
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/001—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies
    • H02J3/0014—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies for preventing or reducing power oscillations in networks
    • H02J3/00142—Oscillations concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/50—Reduction of harmonics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
    • F03D7/0284—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power in relation to the state of the electric grid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/28—Wind energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2103/00—Details of circuit arrangements for mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2103/30—Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of power transmission technologies, and in particular, to a method and device for suppressing subsynchronous oscillations and a controller for the converter.
  • the existing power grids connected to the generator set usually use the magnetic flux linkage based on the magnetic flux linkage to realize the torque and weak magnetic decoupling control on the generator side; the grid side uses the grid voltage orientation control to realize the active and reactive decoupling control.
  • the three-phase current i u /i v /i w of the motor side in the abc coordinate system is converted into the i ⁇ /i ⁇ current in the ⁇ coordinate system by Clark transformation, and then transformed into the dq axis by Park transformation.
  • the current i d /i q current is converted into the i ⁇ /i ⁇ current in the ⁇ coordinate system by Clark transformation, and then transformed into the dq axis by Park transformation.
  • the current i d /i q current The current i d /i q current.
  • Torque current setting And field weak current setting The error current obtained by subtracting the actual torque current i q from the actual magnetic current i d is added to the dq-axis coupling term by the current PI controller (ratio integral) to obtain the reference voltage.
  • the switch signal S u /S v /S w is obtained and output to the machine side rectifier power module to realize current closed loop adjustment.
  • the machine side rectifier converts the AC power output from the motor into DC power and injects it into the DC bus.
  • the grid-side three-phase current i a /i b /i c in the abc coordinate system is converted into i ⁇ /i ⁇ current in the ⁇ coordinate system by Clark transformation, and then transformed into i d /i under the dq axis by Park transformation.
  • Active current setting And reactive current setting The error current obtained by subtracting the actual active current i d and the actual reactive current i q is added to the dq-axis coupling term after the current PI controller (ratio integral) to obtain the reference voltage.
  • the switch signal S a /S b /S c is obtained and output to the grid side inverter power module to realize current closed loop adjustment.
  • the grid-side inverter converts the DC power on the DC bus into AC power and injects it into the grid.
  • Active current setting I s the output of the DC bus voltage controller, that is, setting the bus voltage
  • the difference from the actual bus voltage U dc is obtained by the PI controller to obtain the active current set value.
  • the reactive current setting i q is the output of the reactive controller, that is, the difference between the set reactive power Q * and the actual reactive power Q _grid is obtained by the PI controller to obtain the reactive current setting.
  • the conventional control method can work normally under normal grid voltage conditions, but in the case of an increase in the number of units, subsynchronous oscillations may occur, causing voltage fluctuations on the grid side, which in turn causes power fluctuations on the grid side. Fluctuations in the power of the grid side in turn cause fluctuations in the voltage on the DC side. Since the DC side power transmission voltage passes through the bus voltage controller and is used as the active axis setting current for controlling the power electronic device, when the actual voltage value of the DC bus bar fluctuates, the active axis setting current also fluctuates, thus causing the power electronic device to appear. The fluctuation does not converge and the subsynchronous oscillation cannot be suppressed.
  • the control part of the conventional power electronic device lacks the suppression function of the subsynchronous oscillation power, which may cause a large number of wind turbines to be disconnected from the network, and may even induce the operation of the secondary synchronous protection device adjacent to other generator sets, resulting in power generation. Machine cutting machine seriously threatens grid security.
  • the object to be achieved by the present invention is to suppress the subsynchronous oscillation of the power grid.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a subsynchronous oscillation suppression method for controlling a current transformer.
  • the suppression method may include: obtaining a power fluctuation amount generated by a subsynchronous oscillation of the power transmission system; obtaining a compensation parameter of the active axis setting current according to the electric energy fluctuation amount; and controlling the current synchronization device to perform the subsynchronous oscillation according to the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current. inhibition.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a subsynchronous oscillation suppression apparatus for controlling a current transformer, comprising: an acquisition module, configured to acquire a power fluctuation amount generated by a subsynchronous oscillation of a power transmission system; and a compensation parameter
  • the generating module is configured to obtain a compensation parameter of the active axis setting current according to the electric energy fluctuation amount; and the feedback control module is configured to control the current transformer to suppress the sub-synchronous oscillation according to the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a controller for a current transformer provided with the above-described subsynchronous oscillation suppression device.
  • the subsynchronous oscillation suppression method and apparatus and the controller of the converter provided by the embodiment of the present invention obtain the power fluctuation component generated by the subsynchronous oscillation of the transmission system (such as the power grid), and obtain the active axis setting for the electric energy fluctuation component.
  • the compensation parameter of the current is controlled by the switching signal obtained by the series control of the active axis setting current and the actual current. Therefore, the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current can be obtained according to the electric energy fluctuation amount, and the active axis is set. After the constant current is compensated, the converter is controlled to suppress the subsynchronous oscillation.
  • Figure 1 shows a prior art converter control block diagram
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a method for suppressing subsynchronous oscillation in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a method for suppressing subsynchronous oscillation in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a control of a converter in a subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for acquiring electric energy fluctuation amount in a subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control of a converter in a subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another method for acquiring electric energy fluctuation amount in a subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a control of a converter in a subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another method for acquiring electric energy fluctuation amount in a subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a control of a converter in a subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a simulation diagram of a power grid side voltage suppression effect in subsynchronous oscillation in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a simulation diagram of an active power suppression effect on a grid side in a subsynchronous oscillation in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a grid side reactive power suppression effect in a subsynchronous oscillation in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 14 is a view showing a subsynchronous oscillation suppression apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power electronic components connected to the generator set usually use the magnetic flux-oriented control based on the virtual flux linkage to realize the torque and weak magnetic decoupling control on the generator side, and the grid side uses the grid voltage orientation control to realize the active and reactive decoupling control.
  • the three-phase current on the generator side is converted into the current in the ⁇ coordinate system by Clark transformation, and then the torque current and the weak magnetic current under the dq axis are changed by Park.
  • the error current obtained by subtracting the torque setting current and the field weakening current from the actual torque current and the actual magnetic current is added to the dq axis coupling term by the current PI controller (ratio integral) to obtain the reference voltage, and then passes through Park and After the SVPWM operation, a switching signal is obtained, which is output to a generator-side power electronic conversion device such as a rectifier to realize current closed-loop regulation.
  • the generator side rectifier converts the AC output from the motor into DC power and injects it into the DC bus.
  • the three-phase current on the grid side is converted into the current in the ⁇ coordinate system by Clark transformation, and then becomes the active current and reactive current under the dq axis through Park.
  • the active current and the reactive current are subtracted from the actual active current and the actual reactive current.
  • the current PI controller ratio integral
  • the dq-axis coupling term is added to obtain the reference voltage, and then the Park is obtained.
  • the switching signal is obtained and output to the grid side inverter power module to realize current closed loop adjustment.
  • the grid side inverter converts the DC bus DC power into AC power and injects it into the grid.
  • the active set current is the output of the DC bus actual voltage value controller, that is, the difference between the bus set voltage and the actual bus voltage is obtained by the PI controller to obtain the active set current;
  • the reactive set current is the reactive power controller.
  • the output, that is, the difference between the set reactive power and the actual reactive power is obtained by the PI controller to obtain the reactive set current.
  • the subsynchronous oscillation suppression method provided by this embodiment is to dampen the subsynchronous oscillation of the electronic power device by acquiring the electric energy fluctuation generated by the oscillation.
  • the embodiment provides a secondary synchronization component suppression method. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps.
  • the grid voltage fluctuation amount can be acquired, and the current fluctuation amount or the power fluctuation amount can be acquired.
  • the magnitude and frequency of the fluctuation amount and the like may be included.
  • the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current according to the electric energy fluctuation amount.
  • the fluctuation component is strongly damped to suppress the sub-synchronous oscillation.
  • the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current can be obtained according to the electric energy fluctuation amount to set the active axis. The current is compensated.
  • the converter is controlled according to the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current to suppress the subsynchronous oscillation.
  • the active current is subtracted from the actual active current, and the reference voltage is obtained after the current PI controller is added to the dq-axis coupling term, and then passes through the Park.
  • the switching signal is obtained and output to the grid side inverter power module to realize current closed loop adjustment.
  • the electric energy fluctuation amount can be added to the control of the power electronic device, and the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current generated by the electric energy fluctuation amount and the sub-synchronous oscillation component can be equal in magnitude and frequency, and the phase is 180° out of phase. This can offset the influence of the sub-synchronous component on the active axis setting current, and can also control the power electronics to suppress sub-synchronous oscillation.
  • the subsynchronous oscillation causes fluctuations in power grid power, for example, grid voltage fluctuations, current fluctuations, and thus power fluctuations
  • the suppression can be performed. Synchronous oscillation.
  • the power electronic device is controlled by the switching signal obtained by the active axis setting current and the actual current through series control, the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current can be obtained according to the electric energy fluctuation amount. After compensating for the active axis setting current, the converter is controlled to suppress the subsynchronous oscillation.
  • the subsynchronous oscillation affects the active axis setting current, it is necessary to compensate the active axis setting current, and eliminate the influence of the secondary oscillation on the active axis setting current, thereby correcting the control signal of the power electronic device, thereby suppressing the subsynchronous oscillation. Since the active axis setting current is compensated, the electric energy fluctuation amount can be the current fluctuation amount. After the active axis fluctuation amount is obtained, the active axis setting current can be directly compensated. It is also possible to compensate the active axis setting current by multiplying the current fluctuation amount by the first preset coefficient according to the actual situation.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a subsynchronous oscillation suppression method. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the method may include the following steps.
  • the subsynchronous oscillation occurs on the grid side, it has a greater impact on the grid side, but has less influence on the generator side, especially on the wind turbine generator. Therefore, the output power fluctuation of the generator side can be neglected.
  • the actual output power P_grid on the grid side and the generator side power set value P_gen are calculated because the subsynchronous oscillation occurs on the grid side, which has a greater impact on the grid side, but less on the generator side, especially on the wind turbine generator. Therefore, the generator side output power fluctuation can be neglected. Therefore, when the power fluctuation amount generated by the subsynchronous oscillation of the transmission system is obtained, the grid side actual output power P_grid and the generator side power set value P_gen can be respectively obtained, and the grid side is calculated.
  • the difference between the actual output power P_grid and the generator side power set value P_gen is the amount of current fluctuation calculated for the power fluctuation amount generated by the subsynchronous oscillation. Firstly, after calculating the active power fluctuation amount, the actual output power and the generator side power set value P_gen can be respectively obtained, and the difference between the calculated grid side actual output power P_grid and the generator side power set value P_gen is the subsynchronous oscillation generation. The amount of active power fluctuations. Then, the current fluctuation amount is obtained by dividing the active power fluctuation amount by the grid side voltage active axis component Ed or the DC bus actual voltage value Udc component.
  • the converter is controlled according to the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current to suppress the subsynchronous oscillation.
  • the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current for details, refer to the description of step S13 in the above embodiment for suppressing the suppression of the subsynchronous oscillation by the converter.
  • the amount of current fluctuation can be amplified by a factor of K, wherein the value of K can be any value from 1-5. After the current fluctuation amount is amplified by K times, the active axis setting current is compensated.
  • the grid side active shaft setting current and the generator side torque shaft setting current can be simultaneously compensated.
  • the current fluctuation amount may be multiplied by the second preset coefficient, that is, the amplification K1 times, to obtain the compensation parameter of the generator side torque axis set current; the current fluctuation amount is multiplied by the third preset coefficient, that is, the amplification K2 times, the compensation parameter of the set current of the active axis on the grid side is obtained.
  • the value range of K1 and K2 may be any value in the range of 1-5, and the specific value may be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the electronic power device on the generator side is further used to further stabilize the DC bus actual voltage value Udc, thereby increasing the inertia of the DC bus link, thereby providing an additional inertia link for the grid side. Conducive to the stable operation of the power grid.
  • the amount of electric energy fluctuations may include a power fluctuation amount. Since the subsynchronous oscillation occurs on the grid side, it has a greater impact on the grid side, but has less influence on the generator side, especially on the wind turbine generator. Therefore, the output power fluctuation of the generator side can be neglected. Therefore, when the power fluctuation amount generated by the subsynchronous oscillation of the transmission system is obtained, the difference between the actual output power value on the grid side and the power output on the generator side can be calculated after separately obtaining the power output from the grid side and the generator side. The amount of power fluctuation generated for the subsynchronous oscillation. By making a difference in the output power between the grid side and the generator side, the power fluctuation amount can be obtained relatively directly.
  • the current fluctuation of the active axis on the grid side is obtained.
  • the current fluctuation amount of the active side of the grid side can also be obtained according to the power fluctuation amount and the actual voltage value of the DC bus.
  • the amount of current fluctuation can be obtained by the grid side or by the DC bus.
  • the amount of current fluctuation is obtained by taking the grid side as an example for description.
  • the acquisition of the current fluctuation amount may include the following steps.
  • the three-phase current on the generator side can be converted into a current in the ⁇ coordinate system by Clark transformation, and then converted into a torque current and a weak magnetic current under the dq axis through Park.
  • the error current obtained by subtracting the torque setting current and the field weakening current from the actual torque current and the actual magnetic current is added to the dq axis coupling term by the current PI controller (ratio integral) to obtain the reference voltage, through the torque current and The reference voltage gives the actual output active power on the generator side.
  • the three-phase current on the grid side is converted into the current in the ⁇ coordinate system by Clark transformation, and then becomes the active current and reactive current under the dq axis through Park.
  • the error current obtained by subtracting the active set current and the reactive set current from the actual active current and the actual reactive current is added to the dq-axis coupling term after the current PI controller (ratio integral) to obtain the reference voltage.
  • the actual output active power on the grid side is obtained by the active current and the reference voltage.
  • the current fluctuation amount is obtained according to the ratio of the power fluctuation amount to the active-axis component of the grid side voltage.
  • the amount of current fluctuation can be expressed by the following formula:
  • i is the current fluctuation amount
  • P 1 is the power fluctuation amount
  • Ed is the grid side active shaft current fluctuation amount
  • the amount of active current fluctuation can be obtained by the power fluctuation amount and the DC bus actual voltage value Udc. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the following steps may be included.
  • step S41 Obtain the actual output power value on the grid side, the generator side power set value, and the actual DC bus voltage value. For details, refer to the description of step S31 in the above embodiment for obtaining the grid side actual output power P_grid and the generator side power set value P_gen.
  • i cap_dc is the current of the DC bus
  • C is the DC bus support capacitor
  • U dc is the DC bus actual voltage value Udc.
  • the current flowing through the DC support capacitor is equivalent to the differential of the DC bus actual voltage value Udc. Since sub-synchronous oscillation occurs on the grid side, sub-synchronous oscillation occurs on the DC side. Therefore, the active axis setting current can be compensated according to the DC side current fluctuation amount.
  • the DC side oscillation expression is that the actual voltage value of the DC bus is inconsistent with the set voltage. Therefore, the actual voltage value of the DC bus can be obtained; the difference between the actual voltage value of the DC bus and the set voltage value of the DC bus is calculated to obtain the DC bus voltage. The amount of fluctuations.
  • the DC bus voltage fluctuation is differentially calculated to obtain the DC side current fluctuation.
  • the DC side oscillation expression is that the DC bus actual voltage value Udc is inconsistent with the set voltage.
  • the current fluctuation amount can be calculated by the DC side output current. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the following steps may be included.
  • the DC bus actual voltage value Udc is the actual DC voltage on the DC bus.
  • FIG. 11-13 are diagrams showing simulation results of suppression effects of the subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the area A1 in FIG. 11 is a grid side voltage waveform diagram before the implementation of the subsynchronous oscillation suppression method of the present embodiment, and an area B1 is a grid-side voltage waveform diagram after the implementation of the subsynchronous oscillation suppression method of the present embodiment.
  • the area A2 in Fig. 12 is a waveform diagram of the grid-side active power before the implementation of the subsynchronous oscillation suppression method of the present embodiment, and the area B2 is an active power waveform diagram after the implementation of the subsynchronous oscillation suppression method of the present embodiment.
  • FIGS. 11-13 is a waveform diagram of the grid side reactive power before the implementation of the secondary synchronous oscillation suppression method of the present embodiment
  • the area B3 is a reactive power waveform diagram after the implementation of the secondary synchronous oscillation suppression method of the present embodiment. It can be seen from the comparison structure in FIGS. 11-13 that the subsynchronous oscillation suppression method of the present embodiment can better suppress the subsynchronous oscillation.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a subsynchronous oscillation suppression device for controlling the converter.
  • the suppression device may include:
  • the obtaining module 61 is configured to obtain a power fluctuation amount generated by a sub-synchronous oscillation of the power transmission system
  • a compensation parameter generating module 62 configured to obtain a compensation parameter of the active axis setting current according to the electric energy fluctuation amount
  • the feedback control module 63 is configured to control the converter to suppress the sub-synchronous oscillation according to the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current.
  • the subsynchronous oscillation causes grid power fluctuations, for example, grid voltage fluctuations, current fluctuations, and thus power fluctuations, therefore, in the present application, by obtaining the fluctuation component of the electric energy in the grid and damping the fluctuation component, the subsynchronization can be suppressed. oscillation.
  • the power electronic device is controlled by the switching signal obtained by the active axis setting current and the actual current through series control, the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current can be obtained according to the electric energy fluctuation amount, and the current is set to the active axis. After the compensation is performed, the converter is controlled to suppress the subsynchronous oscillation.
  • the electric energy fluctuation amount can be the current fluctuation amount.
  • the current can be directly compensated for the active axis setting of the grid side, or the current fluctuation amount can be multiplied by the first preset coefficient according to the actual situation, and the current set current of the grid side is compensated. .
  • the power fluctuation amount is a current fluctuation amount; when the active axis setting current includes: the grid side active axis setting current, the compensation parameter generating module includes: a first calculating unit, configured to multiply the current fluctuation amount The first preset coefficient is used to obtain the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current.
  • the active axis setting current includes: a generator side torque axis setting current and a grid side active axis setting current; and the compensation parameter generating module includes: a second calculating unit, configured to multiply the current fluctuation amount by a second preset coefficient to obtain a compensation parameter of the generator side torque axis set current; and a third calculating unit for multiplying the current fluctuation amount by the third preset coefficient to obtain compensation of the grid side active axis set current parameter.
  • the current fluctuation amount includes: a grid side active shaft current fluctuation amount;
  • the acquisition module includes: a first acquisition unit, configured to respectively acquire an actual output power value on the grid side, a generator side power setting value, and a power grid a side voltage active axis component; a fourth calculating unit for calculating a difference between the generator side power set value and the grid side actual output power value to obtain a power fluctuation amount; and a fifth calculating unit for using the power fluctuation amount and the grid side The ratio of the voltage active component to the current fluctuation amount is obtained.
  • the current fluctuation amount includes: a power grid side active shaft current fluctuation amount; and the acquisition module includes: a second acquisition unit, configured to respectively acquire the grid side actual output power value, the generator side power setting value, and the DC The actual voltage value of the busbar; the sixth calculating unit is configured to calculate the difference between the generator side power setting value and the grid side actual output power value to obtain the power fluctuation amount; and the seventh calculating unit is configured to calculate the power fluctuation amount and the DC bus actually The ratio of the voltage values gives the current fluctuation of the active axis on the grid side.
  • the current fluctuation amount includes: a DC side current fluctuation amount;
  • the obtaining module includes: a third acquiring unit, configured to acquire a DC bus actual voltage value; and an eighth calculating unit, configured to calculate a DC bus actual voltage value. The difference between the DC bus and the set voltage value is obtained to obtain the DC bus voltage fluctuation amount; the ninth calculating unit is used for differentially calculating the DC bus voltage fluctuation amount to obtain the DC side current fluctuation amount.
  • the subsynchronous oscillation causes grid power fluctuations, for example, grid voltage fluctuations, current fluctuations, and thus power fluctuations, therefore, in the present application, by obtaining the fluctuation component of the electric energy in the grid and damping the fluctuation component, the subsynchronization can be suppressed. oscillation.
  • the power electronic device is controlled by the switching signal obtained by the active axis setting current and the actual current through series control, the compensation parameter of the active axis setting current can be obtained according to the electric energy fluctuation amount, and the current is set to the active axis. After the compensation is performed, the converter is controlled to suppress the subsynchronous oscillation.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a controller for a current converter provided with the subsynchronous oscillation suppression device described in the above embodiment.
  • the converter can be a converter of a wind turbine.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a flash memory (Flash Memory), a hard disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviation). : HDD) or Solid-State Drive (SSD), etc., the storage medium may also include a combination of the above types of memories.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种次同步振荡抑制方法、装置及变流器的控制器，用于对变流器进行控制，其中方法包括：获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量；根据所述电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数；根据所述有功轴设定电流的补偿参数控制所述变流器对所述次同步振荡进行抑制。获取电网中电能的波动分量，并针对该波动分量进行阻尼，即可抑制次同步振荡，具体的，由于电力电子器件是由有功轴设定电流和实际电流经过系列控制得到的开关信号进行控制，因此，可以根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数，对有功轴设定电流进行补偿后，控制所述变流器，进而对次同步振荡进行抑制。

Description

次同步抑制方法、装置及变流器的控制器 技术领域
本发明涉及输电技术领域，具体涉及一种次同步振荡抑制方法、装置及变流器的控制器。
背景技术
随着集中式、大规模新能源发电的应用，例如，光伏发电、风力发电等，尤其是全功率变流风力发电机组的应用，在多地区大规模的机组并网运行过程中，出现了新的电网问题。这些现场电网问题主要表现为：低次谐波超标；严重的频率波动，升压站监控设备频繁报频率越界警告；电厂内照明日光灯出现人眼可分辨的频闪现象。
现有的发电机组并网的电力电子器件通常为发电机侧采用基于虚拟磁链的磁场定向控制实现扭矩和弱磁解耦控制；电网侧采用电网电压定向控制实现有功、无功解耦控制。如图1所示，在abc坐标系下的电机侧三相电流i u/i v/i w经Clark变换变为αβ坐标系下的i α/i β电流，再经过Park变换变为dq轴下的i d/i q电流。扭矩电流设定
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000001
和弱磁电流设定
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000002
与实际的扭矩电流i q和实际的磁电流i d相减得到的误差电流，经过电流PI控制器(比率积分)加入dq轴耦合项后得到参考电压
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000003
再经过Park反变换和SVPWM运算后得到开关信号S u/S v/S w并输出到机侧整流器功率模块来实现电流闭环调节。机侧整流器将电机输出的交流电转变为直流电并注入直流母线。
abc坐标系下的电网侧三相电流i a/i b/i c经Clark变换变为αβ坐标系下的i α/i β电流后，再经过Park变换变为dq轴下的i d/i q电流。有功电流设定
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000004
和 无功电流设定
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000005
与实际的有功电流i d和实际无功电流i q相减得到的误差电流，经过电流PI控制器(比率积分)后加入dq轴耦合项后得到参考电压
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000007
再经过Park反变换和SVPWM运算后得到开关信号S a/S b/S c并输出到网侧逆变器功率模块来实现电流闭环调节。网侧逆变器将直流母线上的直流电转变为交流电并注入电网。其中有功电流设定
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000008
是直流母线电压控制器的输出，即设定母线电压
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000009
与实际母线电压U dc的差值经过PI控制器后得到有功电流设定值
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000010
无功电流设定i q是无功控制器的输出，即设定无功功率Q *与实际无功功率Q _grid的差值经过PI控制器后得到无功电流设定
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000011
然而，常规的控制方法在电网侧电压正常情况下可以正常的工作，但是在机组数量增多情况下，可能会发生次同步振荡，造成电网侧电压波动，进而导致电网侧功率波动。电网侧功率的波动进而引起了直流侧电压的波动。由于直流侧输电电压经过母线电压控制器后作为控制电力电子器件的有功轴设定电流，在直流母线实际电压值出现波动时，有功轴设定电流也会出现波动，因此会造成电力电子器件出现了波动的不收敛，无法抑制次同步振荡。因此，在发生次同振荡时，由于传统电力电子器件的控制部分缺少对次同步振荡功率的抑制功能，可能导致大量风电机组脱网，甚至可能诱发邻近其他发电机组次同步保护装置动作，造成发电机切机，严重威胁电网安全。
发明内容
本发明要达到的目的在于对电网次同步振荡进行抑制。
因此，根据第一方面，本发明的实施例提供了一种次同步振荡抑制方法，用于对变流器进行控制。该抑制方法可以包括：获取输电系统次同步 振荡产生的电能波动量；根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数；根据有功轴设定电流的补偿参数控制变流器对次同步振荡进行抑制。
根据第二方面，本发明的实施例提供了一种次同步振荡抑制装置，用于对变流器进行控制，包括：获取模块，用于获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量；补偿参数生成模块，用于根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数；反馈控制模块，用于根据有功轴设定电流的补偿参数控制变流器对次同步振荡进行抑制。
根据第三方面，本发明的实施例提供了一种变流器的控制器，设置有上述的次同步振荡抑制装置。
本发明的实施例提供的次同步振荡抑制方法、装置及变流器的控制器，通过获取输电系统(如电网)次同步振荡产生的电能波动分量，并针对该电能波动分量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数，由于变流器是由有功轴设定电流和实际电流经过系列控制得到的开关信号进行控制，因此，可以根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数，对有功轴设定电流进行补偿后，控制变流器，进而对次同步振荡进行抑制。
附图说明
图1示出了现有技术中变流器控制框图；
图2示出了本发明实施例中次同步振荡抑制方法示意图；
图3示出了本发明另一实施例中次同步振荡抑制方法示意图；
图4示出了本发明实施例中次同步振荡抑制方法中变流器控制框图；
图5示出了本发明实施例中次同步振荡抑制方法中电能波动量获取方法示意图；
图6示出了本发明另一实施例中次同步振荡抑制方法中变流器控制框图；
图7示出了本发明实施例中次同步振荡抑制方法中另一电能波动量获取方法示意图；
图8示出了本发明另一实施例中次同步振荡抑制方法中变流器控制框图；
图9示出了本发明实施例中次同步振荡抑制方法中另一电能波动量获取方法示意图；
图10示出了本发明另一实施例中次同步振荡抑制方法中变流器控制框图；
图11示出了本发明实施例中次同步振荡中电网侧电压抑制效果仿真图；
图12示出了本发明实施例中次同步振荡中电网侧有功功率抑制效果仿真图；
图13示出了本发明实施例中次同步振荡中电网侧无功功率抑制效果仿真图；
图14示出了本发明实施例中次同步振荡抑制装置示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
发电机组并网的电力电子器件通常为发电机侧采用基于虚拟磁链的磁 场定向控制实现扭矩和弱磁解耦控制，电网侧采用电网电压定向控制实现有功，无功解耦控制。发电机侧三相电流经Clark变换变为αβ坐标系下的电流，再经过Park变为dq轴下的扭矩电流和弱磁电流。扭矩设定电流和弱磁设定电流与实际的扭矩电流和实际的磁电流相减得到的误差电流，经过电流PI控制器(比率积分)加入dq轴耦合项后得到参考电压，再经过Park和SVPWM运算后得到开关信号，输出到发电机侧电力电子变换器件例如整流器来实现电流闭环调节。发电机侧整流器将电机输出的交流电转变为直流电并注入直流母线。
电网侧三相电流经Clark变换变为αβ坐标系下的电流，再经过Park变为dq轴下有功电流和无功电流。有功设定电流和无功设定电流与实际的有功电流和实际无功电流相减得到的误差电流，经过电流PI控制器(比率积分)后加入dq轴耦合项后得到参考电压，再经过Park变换和SVPWM运算后得到开关信号并输出到电网侧逆变器功率模块来实现电流闭环调节。电网侧逆变器将直流母线直流电转变为交流电并注入电网。其中有功设定电流是直流母线实际电压值控制器的输出，即母线设定电压与母线实际电压的差值经过PI控制器后得到有功设定电流；无功设定电流是无功控制器的输出，即设定无功功率与实际无功功率的差值经过PI控制器后得到无功设定电流。
在新能源输电，尤其是新能源发电并网规模并网时，例如风力发电并网或光伏发电并网，可能产生次同步振荡分量，造成电网侧电压波动，进而导致电网侧功率波动。电网侧功率的波动进而引起了直流侧电压的波动。由于直流侧输电电压经过母线电压控制器后作为控制电力电子器件的有功 轴设定电流，在直流母线实际电压值出现波动时，有功轴设定电流也会出现波动，因此会造成电力电子器件出现了波动的不收敛，无法抑制次同步振荡。本实施例提供的次同步振荡抑制方法是通过获取振荡产生的电能波动，针对性的增强电子电力器件对次同步振荡的阻尼。具体的，本实施例提供了一种次同步分量抑制方法，如图1所示，该方法包括以下步骤。
S11.获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量。具体的，由于次同步振荡引起电网电能波动，例如，电网电压波动、电流波动，进而导致功率波动。在本实施例中，可以获取电网电压波动量，可以获取电流波动量或者功率波动量。具体的，在获取的电能的波动量中，可以包括该波动量的大小和频率等。
S12.根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。在具体的实施例中，在获取到电能波动量后，较强地针对该波动分量进行阻尼，即可抑制次同步振荡。具体的，由于电力电子器件是由有功轴设定电流和实际电流经过系列控制得到的开关信号进行控制，因此，可以根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数，来对有功轴设定电流进行补偿。
S13.根据有功轴设定电流的补偿参数控制变流器对次同步振荡进行抑制。在具体的实施例中，对有功设定电流进行补偿后，有功设定电流与实际有功电流相减得到的误差电流，经过电流PI控制器后加入dq轴耦合项后得到参考电压，再经过Park变换和SVPWM运算后得到开关信号并输出到电网侧逆变器功率模块来实现电流闭环调节。可以将电能波动量加入到电力电子器件的控制中，电能波动量生成的有功轴设定电流的补偿参数与次同步振荡分量可以大小、频率相等，相位相差180°。这样既可以抵消次同 步分量对有功轴设定电流的影响，还可以控制电力电子器件抑制次同步振荡。
由于次同步振荡引起电网电能波动，例如，电网电压波动、电流波动，进而导致功率波动，因此，本实施例中通过获取电网中电能的波动分量，并针对该波动分量进行阻尼，即可抑制次同步振荡。具体的，由于电力电子器件是由有功轴设定电流和实际电流经过系列控制得到的开关信号进行控制，因此，可以根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。对有功轴设定电流进行补偿后，控制变流器，进而对次同步振荡进行抑制。
由于次同步振荡影响有功轴设定电流，需要对有功轴设定电流进行补偿，消除次同振荡对有功轴设定电流的影响，即可修正电力电子器件的控制信号，进而抑制次同步振荡。由于是对有功轴设定电流进行补偿，电能波动量可以为电流波动量。在得到有功轴波动量后，可以直接对有功轴设定电流进行补偿。也可以根据实际状况，将电流波动量乘以第一预设系数后，对有功轴设定电流进行补偿。本发明的实施例还提供了一种次同步振荡抑制方法，如图3和图4所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S21.获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电流波动量。由于次同步振荡发生在电网侧，对电网侧影响较大，而对发电机侧影响较小，尤其对风电发电机的影响较小，所以，发电机侧输出功率波动可以忽略。因此在获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量时，可以在分别获取电网侧实际输出功率P_grid和发电机侧功率设定值P_gen后，计算的电网侧实际输出功率P_grid与发电机侧功率设定值P_gen的差即为次同步振荡产生的功率波动量。由于次同步振荡发生在电网侧，对电网侧影响较大，而对发电机侧影 响较小，尤其对风电发电机的影响较小，所以，发电机侧输出功率波动可以忽略，因此，可以通过电网侧实际输出功率P_grid和发电机侧功率设定值P_gen计算由于次同步振荡发生在电网侧，对电网侧影响较大，而对发电机侧影响较小，尤其对风电发电机的影响较小，所以，发电机侧输出功率波动可以忽略，因此在获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量时，可以分别获取电网侧实际输出功率P_grid和发电机侧功率设定值P_gen后，计算电网侧实际输出功率P_grid与发电机侧功率设定值P_gen的差即为次同步振荡产生的功率波动量计算电流波动量。首先，计算有功功率波动量，可以分别获取实际输出功率和发电机侧功率设定值P_gen后，计算的电网侧实际输出功率P_grid与发电机侧功率设定值P_gen的差即为次同步振荡产生的有功功率波动量。然后，将有功功率波动量除以电网侧电压有功轴分量Ed，或直流母线实际电压值Udc分量即可得到电流波动量。
S22.根据电流波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。具体的，可以参见上述实施例中步骤S12对于得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数的描述。
S23.根据有功轴设定电流的补偿参数控制变流器对次同步振荡进行抑制。具体的可以参见上述实施例中步骤S13对于控制变流器对次同步振荡进行抑制的描述。
由于次同步振荡较为复杂，采用计算出的电流波动量直接对有功轴设定电流进行补偿可能补偿量不够，导致抑制效果差。在可选的实施例中，可以将电流波动量放大K倍，其中，K的取值可以为1-5中的任意值。在将电流波动量放大K倍后，对有功轴设定电流进行补偿。
由于发电机机侧可以为直流母线提供额外的惯性，为保证电网的更加 稳定，在可选的实施例中，可以对电网侧有功轴设定电流和发电机侧扭矩轴设定电流同时进行补偿。在得到电流波动量后，可以将电流波动量乘以第二预设系数即放大K1倍，得到发电机侧扭矩轴设定电流的补偿参数；将电流波动量乘以第三预设系数即放大K2倍，得到电网侧有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。其中，K1、K2的取值范围可以为1-5中的任意值，具体的可以根据实际情况确定。在利用电网侧电力电子器件对次同步振荡进行抑制外，还利用发电机侧的电子电力器件进一步稳定直流母线实际电压值Udc，增加直流母线环节的惯性，进而为电网侧提供额外的惯性环节，有利于电网的稳定运行。
电能波动量可以包括功率波动量。由于次同步振荡发生在电网侧，对电网侧影响较大，而对发电机侧影响较小，尤其对风电发电机的影响较小，所以，发电机侧输出功率波动可以忽略。因此在获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量时，可以在分别获取电网侧和发电机侧输出的功率后，计算得出的电网侧实际输出功率值与发电机侧输出的功率的差即为次同步振荡产生的功率波动量。通过对电网侧与发电机侧的输出功率做差，可以较为直接地得到功率波动量。并根据功率波动量以及电网侧电压有功轴分量得到电网侧有功轴电流波动量。在得到功率波动量后，还可以根据功率波动量以及直流母线实际电压值得到电网侧有功轴电流波动量。
由于次同步振荡对电网侧和直流侧均有影响，获取电流波动量可以通过有电网侧或也可以通过直流母线获取。在本实施例中以通过电网侧为例来获取电流波动量进行说明。具体的，如图5和图6所示，获取电流波动量可以包括如下步骤。
S31.分别获取电网侧实际输出功率值、发电机侧功率设定值以及电网侧电压有功轴分量。在具体的实施例中，可以将发电机侧三相电流经Clark变换变为αβ坐标系下的电流，再经过Park变为dq轴下的扭矩电流和弱磁电流。扭矩设定电流和弱磁设定电流与实际的扭矩电流和实际的磁电流相减得到的误差电流，经过电流PI控制器(比率积分)加入dq轴耦合项后得到参考电压，通过扭矩电流和参考电压得到发电机侧实际的输出有功功率。电网侧三相电流经Clark变换变为αβ坐标系下的电流，再经过Park变为dq轴下有功电流和无功电流。有功设定电流和无功设定电流与实际的有功电流和实际无功电流相减得到的误差电流，经过电流PI控制器(比率积分)后加入dq轴耦合项后得到参考电压。通过有功电流和参考电压得到电网侧实际的输出有功功率。
S32.计算发电机侧功率设定值与电网侧实际输出功率值的差以得到功率波动量。在具体的实施例中，由于次同步振荡发生在电网侧，对电网侧影响较大，而对发电机侧影响较小，尤其对风电发电机的影响较小，所以，发电机侧输出功率波动可以忽略。通过电网侧实际输出功率P_grid与发电机功率设定值的差，可以较为直接地得到功率波动。在本实施例中，所称功率波动可以为有功功率波动。
S33.根据功率波动量与电网侧电压有功轴分量的比值得到电流波动量。在具体的实施例中，电流波动量可以通过以下公式表示：
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000012
其中，i为电流波动量，P 1为功率波动量，Ed为电网侧有功轴电流波动量。
由于直流侧也可以受到次同步振荡的影响，在可选的实施例中，可以通过功率波动量和直流母线实际电压值Udc得到有功电流波动量。具体的，如图7和图8所示，可以包括如下步骤。
S41.分别获取电网侧实际输出功率值、发电机侧功率设定值以及直流母线实际电压值。具体的可以参见上述实施例中步骤S31对于获取电网侧实际输出功率P_grid和发电机侧功率设定值P_gen后的描述。
S42.计算发电机侧功率设定值与电网侧实际输出功率值的差以得到功率波动量。具体的可以参见上述实施例中S32对于计算功率波动量的描述。
S43.根据功率波动量与直流母线实际电压值的比值得到电网侧有功轴电流波动量。具体的可以参见上述实施例中S33对于计算电流波动量的描述。
由于直流侧上是直流支撑电容，发电机侧功率减去电网侧功率再除以直流母线实际电压值Udc得到的实际上是流过直流支撑电容的电流。根据电容电压与电流的关系：
Figure PCTCN2018086659-appb-000013
其中，i cap_dc为直流母线的电流，C为直流母线支撑电容，U dc为直流母线实际电压值Udc。
流过直流支撑电容的电流与直流母线实际电压值Udc的微分是等效的。由于电网侧发生次同步振荡，也会引发直流侧发生次同步振荡，因此，可以根据直流侧电流波动量对有功轴设定电流进行补偿。具体的，直流侧振荡表现形式为直流母线实际电压值与设定电压不一致，因此，可以获取直 流母线实际电压值；计算直流母线实际电压值与直流母线设定电压值的差以得到直流母线电压波动量。对直流母线电压波动量进行微分运算，得到直流侧电流波动量。具体的，直流侧振荡表现形式为直流母线实际电压值Udc与设定电压不一致，在可选的实施例中，可以通过直流侧输出电流计算电流波动量。具体的，如图9和图10所示，可以包括如下步骤。
S51.获取直流母线实际电压值。在具体的实施例中，直流母线实际电压值Udc为直流母线上的实际的直流电压。
S52.计算直流母线实际电压值与直流母线设定电压值的差以得到直流母线电压波动量。直流侧振荡表现形式为直流母线实际电压值Udc与设定电压不一致。因此，可以通过直流母线实际电压值Udc与直流母线设定电压值Udc*的差得到电压波动量。
S53.对直流母线电压波动量进行微分运算，得到直流侧电流波动量。
图11-13示出了本发明实施例次同步振荡抑制方法的抑制效果仿真图，其中，图11中的区域A1为实施本实施例的次同步振荡抑制方法之前的电网侧电压波形图，区域B1为实施本实施例的次同步振荡抑制方法之后的电网侧电压波形图。图12中的区域A2为实施本实施例的次同步振荡抑制方法之前的电网侧有功功率的波形图，区域B2为实施本实施例的次同步振荡抑制方法之后的有功功率波形图。图13中的区域A3为实施本实施例的次同步振荡抑制方法之前的电网侧无功功率的波形图，区域B3为实施本实施例的次同步振荡抑制方法之后的无功功率波形图。由图11-图13中对比结构可以得知本实施的次同步振荡抑制方法可以对次同步振荡进行较好的抑制。
本发明实施例还提供了一种次同步振荡抑制装置，用于对变流器进行控制，如图14所示，该抑制装置可以包括：
获取模块61，用于获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量；
补偿参数生成模块62，用于根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数；
反馈控制模块63，用于根据有功轴设定电流的补偿参数控制变流器对次同步振荡进行抑制。
由于次同步振荡引起电网电能波动，例如，电网电压波动、电流波动，进而导致功率波动，因此，本申请中通过获取电网中电能的波动分量，并针对该波动分量进行阻尼，即可抑制次同步振荡。具体的，由于电力电子器件是由有功轴设定电流和实际电流经过系列控制得到的开关信号进行控制，因此，可以根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数，对有功轴设定电流进行补偿后，控制变流器，进而对次同步振荡进行抑制。
由于是对有功轴设定电流进行补偿，电能波动量可以为电流波动量。在得到有功轴波动量后，可以直接对电网侧有功轴设定电流进行补偿，也可以根据实际状况，将电流波动量乘以第一预设系数后，对电网侧有功轴设定电流进行补偿。
在可选的实施例中，电能波动量为电流波动量；有功轴设定电流包括：电网侧有功轴设定电流时，补偿参数生成模块包括：第一计算单元，用于将电流波动量乘以第一预设系数以得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。
在可选的实施例中有功轴设定电流包括：发电机侧扭矩轴设定电流和电网侧有功轴设定电流；补偿参数生成模块包括：第二计算单元，用于将 电流波动量乘以第二预设系数以得到发电机侧扭矩轴设定电流的补偿参数；以及，第三计算单元，用于将电流波动量乘以第三预设系数以得到电网侧有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。
在可选的实施例中，电流波动量包括：电网侧有功轴电流波动量；获取模块包括：第一获取单元，用于分别获取电网侧实际输出功率值、发电机侧功率设定值以及电网侧电压有功轴分量；第四计算单元，用于计算发电机侧功率设定值与电网侧实际输出功率值的差以得到功率波动量；第五计算单元，用于根据功率波动量与电网侧电压有功轴分量的比值得到电流波动量。
在可选的实施例中，电流波动量包括：电网侧有功轴电流波动量；获取模块包括：第二获取单元，用于分别获取电网侧实际输出功率值、发电机侧功率设定值以及直流母线实际电压值；第六计算单元，用于计算发电机侧功率设定值与电网侧实际输出功率值的差以得到功率波动量；第七计算单元，用于根据功率波动量与直流母线实际电压值的比值得到电网侧有功轴电流波动量。
在可选的实施例中，电流波动量包括：直流侧电流波动量；获取模块包括：第三获取单元，用于获取直流母线实际电压值；第八计算单元，用于计算直流母线实际电压值与直流母线设定电压值的差以得到直流母线电压波动量；第九计算单元，用于对直流母线电压波动量进行微分运算，得到直流侧电流波动量。
由于次同步振荡引起电网电能波动，例如，电网电压波动、电流波动，进而导致功率波动，因此，本申请中通过获取电网中电能的波动分量，并 针对该波动分量进行阻尼，即可抑制次同步振荡。具体的，由于电力电子器件是由有功轴设定电流和实际电流经过系列控制得到的开关信号进行控制，因此，可以根据电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数，对有功轴设定电流进行补偿后，控制变流器，进而对次同步振荡进行抑制。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种变流器的控制器，设置有上述实施例描述的次同步振荡抑制装置。具体地，该变流器可以为风力发电机组的变流器。
本领域技术人员可以理解，实现上述实施例的方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过与计算机程序或指令相关的硬件来完成，相关程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存储记忆体(RandomAccessMemory，RAM)、快闪存储器(Flash Memory)、硬盘(Hard Disk Drive，缩写：HDD)或固态硬盘(Solid-State Drive，SSD)等，存储介质还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。
虽然结合附图描述了本发明的实施方式，但是本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下做出各种修改和变型，这样的修改和变型均落入由所附权利要求所限定的范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种次同步振荡抑制方法，用于对变流器进行控制，其特征在于，包括：
    获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量；
    根据所述电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数；
    根据所述有功轴设定电流的补偿参数控制所述变流器对所述次同步振荡进行抑制。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的次同步振荡抑制方法，其特征在于，所述电能波动量为电流波动量；所述有功轴设定电流包括：电网侧有功轴设定电流；
    所述根据所述电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数包括：
    将电流波动量乘以第一预设系数以得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的次同步振荡抑制方法，其特征在于，所述电能波动量为电流波动量；所述有功轴设定电流包括：发电机侧扭矩轴设定电流和电网侧有功轴设定电流；
    所述根据所述电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数包括：
    将电流波动量乘以第二预设系数以得到发电机侧扭矩轴设定电流的补偿参数；
    将电流波动量乘以第三预设系数以得到电网侧有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的次同步振荡抑制方法，其特征在于，所述电流波动量包括：电网侧有功轴电流波动量；所述获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量包括：
    分别获取电网侧实际输出功率值、发电机侧功率设定值以及电网侧电 压有功轴分量；
    计算发电机侧功率设定值与电网侧实际输出功率值的差以得到功率波动量；
    根据所述功率波动量与电网侧电压有功轴分量的比值得到所述电流波动量。
  5. 如权利要求2或3所述的次同步振荡抑制方法，其特征在于，所述电流波动量包括：电网侧有功轴电流波动量；
    所述获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量包括：
    分别获取电网侧实际输出功率值、发电机侧功率设定值以及直流母线实际电压值；
    计算发电机侧功率设定值与电网侧实际输出功率值的差以得到功率波动量；
    根据所述功率波动量与直流母线实际电压值的比值得到电网侧有功轴电流波动量。
  6. 如权利要求2或3所述的次同步振荡抑制方法，其特征在于，所述电流波动量包括：直流侧电流波动量；
    所述获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量包括：
    获取直流母线实际电压值；
    计算所述直流母线实际电压值与直流母线设定电压值的差以得到所述直流母线电压波动量；
    对所述直流母线电压波动量进行微分运算，得到直流侧电流波动量。
  7. 一种次同步振荡抑制装置，用于对变流器进行控制，其特征在于，包 括：
    获取模块，用于获取输电系统次同步振荡产生的电能波动量；
    补偿参数生成模块，用于根据所述电能波动量得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数；
    反馈控制模块，用于根据所述有功轴设定电流的补偿参数控制所述变流器对所述次同步振荡进行抑制。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的次同步振荡抑制装置，其特征在于，所述电能波动量为电流波动量；所述有功轴设定电流包括：电网侧有功轴设定电流时，所述补偿参数生成模块包括：
    第一计算单元，用于将电流波动量乘以第一预设系数以得到有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的次同步振荡抑制装置，其特征在于，所述有功轴设定电流包括：发电机侧扭矩轴设定电流和电网侧有功轴设定电流；
    所述补偿参数生成模块包括：
    第二计算单元，用于将电流波动量乘以第二预设系数以得到发电机侧扭矩轴设定电流的补偿参数；以及，
    第三计算单元，用于将电流波动量乘以第三预设系数以得到电网侧有功轴设定电流的补偿参数。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的次同步振荡抑制装置，其特征在于，所述电流波动量包括：电网侧有功轴电流波动量；
    所述获取模块包括：
    第一获取单元，用于分别获取电网侧实际输出功率值、发电机侧功率 设定值以及电网侧电压有功轴分量；
    第四计算单元，用于计算发电机侧功率设定值与电网侧实际输出功率值的差以得到功率波动量；
    第五计算单元，用于根据所述功率波动量与电网侧电压有功轴分量的比值得到所述电流波动量。
  11. 如权利要求8或9所述的次同步振荡抑制装置，其特征在于，所述电流波动量包括：电网侧有功轴电流波动量；
    所述获取模块包括：
    第二获取单元，用于分别获取电网侧实际输出功率值、发电机侧功率设定值以及直流母线实际电压值；
    第六计算单元，用于计算发电机侧功率设定值与电网侧实际输出功率值的差以得到功率波动量；
    第七计算单元，用于根据所述功率波动量与直流母线实际电压值的比值得到电网侧有功轴电流波动量。
  12. 如权利要求8或9所述的次同步振荡抑制装置，其特征在于，所述电流波动量包括：直流侧电流波动量；
    所述获取模块包括：
    第三获取单元，用于获取直流母线实际电压值；
    第八计算单元，用于计算所述直流母线实际电压值与直流母线设定电压值的差以得到所述直流母线电压波动量；
    第九计算单元，用于对所述直流母线电压波动量进行微分运算，得到直流侧电流波动量。
  13. 一种变流器的控制器，其特征在于，设置有权利要求7-12中任一项所述的次同步振荡抑制装置。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的变流器的控制器，其特征在于，所述变流器为风力发电机组的变流器。
PCT/CN2018/086659 2017-12-29 2018-05-14 次同步抑制方法、装置及变流器的控制器 Ceased WO2019128038A1 (zh)

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