WO2019132478A1 - 수소유기균열 저항성이 우수한 압력용기용 강재 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
수소유기균열 저항성이 우수한 압력용기용 강재 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
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- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steel material for a pressure vessel excellent in hydrogen organic cracking resistance and a method of manufacturing the same.
- steel materials used in all plant facilities for mining, processing, transporting and storing low-quality crude oil are required to have a property of suppressing cracking due to wet hydrogen sulfide in the crude oil.
- Hydrogen organic cracking (HIC) of steel occurs by the following principle.
- methods for controlling internal defects such as internal inclusions and voids that can act as a starting point for the integration and crack of hydrogen.
- the technique of adding Cu improves resistance to hydrogen organic cracking by forming a stable CuS film on the surface of a material in a weakly acidic atmosphere to reduce permeation of hydrogen into the inside of the material.
- the effect of Cu addition is not significant in a strongly acidic atmosphere, and cracks are generated on the surface of the steel sheet due to high temperature cracking due to the addition of Cu, thereby increasing the process cost such as surface polishing.
- the method of minimizing the hardened structure or controlling the shape is a method of delaying the crack propagation speed by lowering the band index value of the band structure occurring on the base after the normalizing heat treatment.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a ferrite + pearlite microstructure having a banding index of 0.25 or less can be obtained through a process of heating a slab controlled for alloy composition, hot rolling at room temperature, cooling at room temperature from Ac1 to Ac3 transformation point, It is disclosed that a steel having excellent HIC characteristics with a tensile strength of 500 MPa can be obtained by such a process.
- the amount of rolling from the slab to the final product thickness is greatly increased, and the Mn-enriched layer existing in the slab state is arranged in a strip form parallel to the rolling direction after hot rolling .
- the structure at the normalizing temperature is composed of austenite single phase, but the shape and concentration of the Mn-enriched layer are not changed. Therefore, there is a problem that a hard band structure is again generated in the air cooling process after the heat treatment.
- the third method is a method of constructing a base phase structure by a water treatment process such as TMCP or the like, instead of ferrite + pearlite, into a hard phase such as acicular ferrite or bainite or martensite.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for improving the HIC characteristics by heating the slab controlled by the composition of the alloy, finishing rolling at 700 to 850 ° C, accelerating cooling at a temperature of Ar 3 to 30 ° C or higher, and finishing at 350 to 550 ° C .
- Patent Document 2 is produced through a general TMCP process for increasing the amount of rolling reduction in the non-recrystallization temperature range and obtaining bainite or an acicular ferrite structure through accelerated cooling, HIC resistance is improved by avoiding the tissues that are vulnerable to the same crack propagation.
- Patent Document 2 when the alloy composition and the controlled rolling and cooling conditions disclosed in Patent Document 2 are applied, it is difficult to secure proper strength after post-welding heat treatment which is usually applied to a steel material for pressure vessels.
- the PWHT due to the high density potential generated when the low-temperature phase is generated, the PWHT may be vulnerable to crack initiation before the application of PWHT or at a site where PWHT is not applied.
- the HIC characteristic of the tube becomes worse.
- the fourth method is to increase the HIC characteristics by increasing the cleanliness by minimizing inclusions in the slab.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that when Ca in molten steel is added, 0.1?? (T. [Ca] - (17/18) ⁇ T. [O] -1.25 ⁇ S) / T [O] It is possible to produce a steel material having excellent HIC characteristics by controlling the Ca content so as to be in a range satisfying the above-mentioned range.
- the Ca is sikimyeo spheroidizing the shape of MnS inclusions, which can be the starting point to the HIC cracks, the steel reacts with S sikimeuro forming CaS be within the HIC characteristic improving some, but could, Ca is over-turned or with Al 2 O 3 If the ratios are not correct, especially if the ratio of CaO is high, the HIC characteristics may be deteriorated.
- the oxidized inclusions which are rough in the case of the natural material, are crushed according to the composition and shape of the inclusions during the rolling process due to a high cumulative rolling reduction, and finally they can be long dispersed in the rolling direction. At this time, the ends of the dispersed inclusions are located at a place where the stress concentration is very high due to the partial pressure of hydrogen, and the HIC characteristics are degraded.
- MnS which is a sulfide
- CaS the spherical shape is not elongated during the rolling process, so that the position where the hydrogen is accumulated is dispersed and the generation of hydrogen organic cracks is suppressed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a production method for improving the hydrogen-organic cracking property by controlling CaO composition of an inclusion.
- the above-mentioned conventional methods have a limitation in manufacturing a steel material for a pressure vessel having a hydrogen-organic crack (HIC) property with a 550 MPa tensile strength steel after PWHT application.
- HIC hydrogen-organic crack
- Patent Document 1 Korean Published Patent Application No. 2010-0076727
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-013175
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2014-005534
- Patent Document 4 Korean Patent Registration No. 1150141
- One aspect of the present invention is to provide a steel material and a manufacturing method thereof that have high strength after hydrogenation heat treatment (PWHT) and excellent resistance to hydrogen organic cracking.
- PWHT hydrogenation heat treatment
- An embodiment of the present invention is an aluminum alloy comprising 0.06 to 0.25% of carbon (C), 0.05 to 0.50% of silicon (Si), 1.0 to 2.0% of manganese (Mn), 0.005 to 0.40% of aluminum (Al) , 0.001 to 0.03% of phosphorus (P), 0.0010% or less of sulfur (S), 0.001 to 0.03% of niobium (Nb), 0.001 to 0.03% of vanadium (V) (Cr): 0.01 to 0.20%, molybdenum (Mo): 0.05 to 0.15%, copper (Cu): 0.01 to 0.50%, nickel (Ni): 0.05 to 0.50%, magnesium (Mg) (Ca): 0.0005 to 0.0050%, oxygen (O): 0.0020% or less, the remainder Fe and other unavoidable impurities, the microstructure contains perlite in an area fraction of 30% or less and the remainder ferrite, -Al-Ca-O composite oxide.
- Another embodiment of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a steel pipe, comprising: preparing molten steel; Continuously casting the molten steel to obtain a steel slab; Heating the slab; Sizing the slab at a temperature of 1100 to 1130 DEG C to obtain a bar; Cooling the bar; Reheating the bar; Subjecting the bar to a finish hot rolling at a temperature of 900 to 1050 ⁇ to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet; Cooling the hot-rolled steel sheet; And heat-treating the hot-rolled steel sheet, wherein the step of preparing the molten steel comprises the steps of: injecting an Mg-containing Al alloy into the molten steel for processing; Introducing Ca into the processing molten steel; (C): 0.06 to 0.25%, silicon (Si): 0.05 to 0.50%, manganese (Mn): 1.0 to 2.0%, by weight, (P): 0.010% or less, sulfur (S): 0.0010% or less, niobium (Nb): 0.00
- Fig. 1 is a ternary phase diagram showing an exemplary composition range of a hard inclusion contained in a steel material provided by one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a state diagram showing a composition range of an inclusion formed in a conventional steel.
- the content of the components in the present invention is based on weight unless otherwise specified.
- the ratio of the organization or the inclusion is based on an area unless expressly specified otherwise.
- the temperature of the slab, bar or steel (including the steel sheet) means the temperature at 1/4 of the thickness (also referred to as 1 / 4t) unless otherwise specified.
- the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to provide a steel which is excellent in tensile strength and resistance to hydrogen organic cracking and can be suitably used for refining, transportation and storage of crude oil and the like.
- a steel which is excellent in tensile strength and resistance to hydrogen organic cracking and can be suitably used for refining, transportation and storage of crude oil and the like.
- the problem that was overlooked in the prior art which was intended to improve the HIC characteristics by controlling the inclusions is the suppression of fracture of the Ca-Al simultaneously-contained composite oxide remaining in the molten steel.
- Ca treatment is carried out to suppress MnS formation, not only CaS but also Ca-Al-O spherical composite oxides are formed. However, they are spherical in the slab but are not sufficiently hard to be crushed during rolling there is a problem.
- the thus crushed composite oxide becomes an oxide extending to a point shape, and hydrogen is deposited in the micropores generated by the fractured oxide. This causes hydrogen organic cracking in the product.
- the Ca-Al-O composite oxide is removed, the problem may be solved.
- One embodiment of the present invention solves the problem of this problem, thereby providing a steel which is highly resistant to hydrogen organic cracking.
- the content for the following alloy composition means weight% unless otherwise specified.
- Carbon (C) is the most important element for securing the strength of steel, so it is preferable that carbon (C) is contained in the steel within an appropriate range.
- carbon (C) is contained in the steel within an appropriate range.
- the content of C may be limited to 0.06 to 0.25%, more preferably 0.10 to 0.20%, and even more preferably 0.10 to 0.15%.
- Silicon (Si) is a substitutional element which improves the strength of steel through solid solution strengthening and has a strong deoxidizing effect, which is an indispensable element in the manufacture of clean steel.
- Si it is preferable to add Si at 0.05% or more.
- the content of Si may be limited to 0.05 to 0.50%, more preferably 0.05 to 0.40%, and still more preferably 0.20 to 0.35%.
- Manganese (Mn) is an element useful for enhancing strength by solid solution strengthening.
- Mn is an element useful for enhancing strength by solid solution strengthening.
- Aluminum (Al) is one of the strong deoxidizers in the steelmaking process together with the Si, and is preferably added in an amount of 0.005% or more.
- the content of Al can be limited to 0.005 to 0.40%, more preferably 0.1 to 0.40%, and even more preferably 0.1 to 0.35%.
- Phosphorus (P) not more than 0.010%
- Phosphorus (P) is an element which induces brittleness in grain boundaries or causes brittleness by forming coarse inclusions.
- the content of P may be limited to 0.010% or less in order to improve brittle crack propagation resistance of the steel.
- S Sulfur
- S is also an element which induces brittleness in grain boundaries or causes brittleness by forming coarse inclusions, and it is preferable to limit the content of S to 0.0010% or less in order to improve brittle crack propagation resistance of the steel.
- S is more than 0.0010%, a large amount of Ca for preventing formation of MnS is required. This is because the composition of the inclusions is changed to a composition containing a large amount of CaO to ensure the composition of the inclusions in the present invention I can not.
- Niobium (Nb) precipitates in the form of NbC or NbCN to improve the strength of the base material, and further increases the recrystallization temperature to increase the non-recrystallization reduction load, thereby reducing the initial austenite grain size.
- Nb content it is preferable to add the Nb content of 0.001% or more.
- the content of Nb may be limited to 0.001 to 0.03%, more preferably 0.005 to 0.02%, and even more preferably 0.007 to 0.015%.
- V vanadium
- the strengthening effect by precipitation or solidification in the subsequent rolling process is insufficient, but the effect is enhanced by precipitating very fine carbonitride in the heat treatment process such as PWHT.
- the content of V is preferably limited to 0.001 to 0.03%, more preferably 0.005 to 0.02%, and still more preferably 0.007 to 0.015%.
- Titanium (Ti) precipitates as TiN when the slab is reheated, thereby suppressing grain growth of the base material and weld heat affected zone, thereby greatly improving the low temperature toughness. If the content is more than 0.03%, clogging of the performance nozzle or low temperature toughness due to centering can be reduced. In addition, if TiN precipitates are formed at the center of the thickness in combination with N, it may act as a starting point of hydrogen organic cracking, which is not preferable. Therefore, in the present invention, the Ti content is preferably limited to 0.001 to 0.03%, more preferably 0.010 to 0.025%, and still more preferably 0.010 to 0.018%.
- Chromium (Cr) has no effect of increasing the yield strength and tensile strength by employment, but it has the effect of preventing the decline in strength by slowing the decomposition rate of cementite during tempering or PWHT heat treatment.
- Cr is preferably added in an amount of 0.01% or more. If the Cr content exceeds 0.20%, the size and fraction of Cr-rich coarse carbides such as M 23 C 6 are increased, There is a problem that the cost is increased and the weldability is lowered. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of Cr can be limited to 0.01 to 0.20%.
- Molybdenum (Mo) is an element effective for preventing the strength reduction during tempering or PWHT heat treatment like Cr, and also has an effect of preventing toughness deterioration due to intergranular segregation of impurities such as P and the like. Further, as the solid solution strengthening element in ferrite, there is an effect of increasing the strength of the base phase.
- Mo is preferably added in an amount of 0.05% or more, but the production cost may be significantly increased when it is excessively added as an expensive element, so that the upper limit can be limited to 0.15%.
- Copper (Cu) is an advantageous element in the present invention because it can remarkably improve the strength of the base phase by enhancing solubility in ferrite, and has an effect of suppressing corrosion in a wet hydrogen sulfide atmosphere. In order to sufficiently obtain the above-mentioned effect, it is preferable to add Cu at 0.01% or more. However, when the content exceeds 0.50%, there is a high possibility of causing star cracks on the surface of the steel, . Therefore, in the present invention, the content of Cu is preferably limited to 0.01 to 0.50%.
- Nickel (Ni) is an important element for increasing the strength by increasing the lamination defects at low temperatures to easily form a cross slip of dislocations to improve the impact toughness and form hardenability.
- Ni is preferably added in an amount of 0.05% or more, but when the content exceeds 0.50%, the curing ability is excessively increased, which may increase the production cost due to a higher cost than the other curing ability improving elements. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of Ni is preferably limited to 0.05 to 0.50%, more preferably 0.10 to 0.40%, and still more preferably 0.10 to 0.30%.
- Mg Magnesium
- Mg is not usually used as an alloy element or a precipitate forming element.
- Mg is used for changing the composition of an oxidative inclusion, and is not a friable inclusion of CaO-Al2O3, but a high hard Mg- -O complex oxide.
- the Mg content is 0.0005 wt% or less, formation of high hard oxides is impossible.
- the Mg content exceeds 0.005 wt%, excessive processing time and alloy cost rise may occur. Therefore, the Mg content is preferably limited to 0.0005 to 0.005 wt%.
- Ca calcium
- the addition of calcium (Ca) after deoxidation by Al would combine with S forming MnS inclusions to inhibit the formation of MnS and to form CaS in spherical form to suppress cracking due to hydrogen organic cracking have.
- Ca is preferably added in an amount of 0.0005% or more in order to sufficiently form S as an impurity by CaS, but if it is excessively added, the composition of the inclusions becomes excessive CaO composition, There is a problem of promoting hydrogen organic cracking, so it is preferable to limit the upper limit to 0.0050%. Therefore, in the present invention, the Ca content can be limited to 0.0005 to 0.0050%.
- this steel In order to inhibit the formation of MnS, this steel should be subjected to extreme desulfurization. In order to desulfurize, it is necessary to lower the oxygen concentration in the molten steel to the extreme, so that it is efficient. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen in the molten steel is so low that the total amount of oxygen contained in the inclusions is equal to the total oxygen value in the steel.
- the composition of the inclusions by controlling the composition of the inclusions, the hardness of the inclusions is improved so that the inclusions are not crushed during rolling.
- the HIC quality is increased as the total amount of all inclusions is increased, it is desirable to limit the total amount of inclusions. Is preferably 0.002% or less.
- the remainder of the present invention is iron (Fe).
- impurities which are not intended from the raw material or the surrounding environment may be inevitably incorporated, so that it can not be excluded. These impurities are not specifically mentioned in this specification, as they are known to any person skilled in the art of manufacturing.
- the steel according to the present invention may further contain 0.0020 to 0.0060% of N in addition to the above-mentioned components.
- N has an effect of improving the toughness of CGHAZ by forming a precipitate by bonding with Ti during high-temperature heat welding such as EGW (Electro Gas Welding) of a steel plate.
- EGW Electro Gas Welding
- the amount of nitrogen is 0.002 or less, it is impossible to form a precipitate such as TiN.
- the amount of nitrogen is 0.006 or more, it is very important to adjust the stoichiometric ratio because the content of free nitrogen is increased and impact toughness may be deteriorated. Therefore, the content of N is preferably 0.002 to 0.006%.
- the non-metallic inclusion includes a Mg-Al-Ca-O composite oxide as a means for securing hydrogen-induced organic cracking in the steel material. That is, since the Mg-Al-Ca-O composite oxide has a higher hardness than the Ca-Al-O composite oxide, the pressing force applied to the steel during the rolling process is lower than that of the Mg- Even if it is transmitted to the inclusive inclusive, it may be broken and not elongated. Although not limited thereto, the Mg-Al-Ca-O composite oxide may form a super hard phase called a spinel, and therefore may not be broken even under the load transferred during rolling.
- the components of Ca, Al and Mg in the nonmetallic inclusions containing the composite oxide can be defined as follows. That is, assuming that the total amount of CaO, Al2O3 and MgO oxides is 100%, the composite oxide included in the steel according to one embodiment of the present invention satisfies a ratio of R1 / M1 of 4.0 to 19.0, and R2 / A1 in the range of 0.3 to 0.7 and the ratio of R3 / C1 in the range of 1.9 to 9.0, respectively.
- the angular proportions referred to herein are obtained from the average composition of the inclusions contained in the steel, and after the composition of the inclusions is analyzed, the total content of CaO, Al2O3 and MgO is defined as 100% And the average value of the modified composition.
- the average value means a value obtained by dividing the sum of the oxide-specific compositions of the inclusions to be analyzed by the number of inclusions (the same applies hereinafter).
- the average value of the inclusion composition can be an average of values obtained by selecting inclusions having a size of 5 ⁇ or larger among the inclusions corresponding to the observation field of 1 cm x 1 cm in a scanning electron microscope.
- the content of CaO, Al2O3 and MgO in the composite oxide described above can be analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
- composition area (indicated by a dotted line in the figure) of non-metallic inclusions satisfying the above-described conditions in FIG. 1 is shown in the CaO-Al 2 O 3 -MgO 3 elementary phase diagram.
- non-metallic inclusions that meet the compositional requirements in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention are all contained in a very hard spinel composition region.
- prior art non-metallic inclusions are only, for inclusion is where the Ca-Al-O (CaO- Al 2 O 3) areas (the area indicated by dotted lines), these inclusions are crushed at the time of rolling, be in fine inclusions There is a high possibility.
- the non-metallic inclusions are not easily broken even if the hardness is somewhat low, the non-metallic inclusions to be controlled in one embodiment of the present invention are those having a size (circle equivalent diameter) of 5 ⁇ or more.
- the hardness of the Mg-Al-Ca-O composite oxide is very high, so that the Mg-Al-Ca-O composite oxide is not broken even when it is pressed down. Therefore, as the defective portion where the hydrogen in the steel material is concentrated is reduced, the hydrogen organic crack (HIC) defect is not generated. If the inclusions are out of the respective ranges defined above, precipitates having a composition with a low hardness will be poured out, which may be broken during the rolling process and become an aggregate of hydrogen atoms, thereby generating hydrogen organic cracks.
- the inclusions including the Mg-Al-Ca-O composite oxide may contain oxides of up to 5% in addition to oxides other than MgO, Al2O3 and CaO.
- the content of oxides of other compositions means the average composition obtained from the analysis of composition of inclusions (however, the process of making CaO + Al2O3 + MgO at 100% is not performed).
- These oxides may be included in the inclusions through molten steel, slag, refractory or an alloy added to molten steel, or the like.
- the microstructure of the steel may contain not more than 30% of pearlite and the remainder ferrite in an area fraction.
- an appropriate tensile strength of TS 485 to 550 MPa and a low temperature impact toughness of 100 J or more at -50 ⁇ can be secured.
- the pearlite structure is more than 30%, the impact resistance at low temperatures can not be ensured and when the band-form pearlite is formed, the propagation resistance against the hydrogen organic cracks may deteriorate.
- the percentage of pearlite can be at least 10%, and preferably at least 15%, in order to obtain sufficient strength.
- one or two kinds of carbonitrides of Nb and V having a diameter ranging from 5 to 30 nm in the microstructure may be included in a total area ratio of 0.01 to 0.02%.
- the above-mentioned carbide or carbonitride in the diameter range has an effect of preventing the strength reduction during heat treatment such as PWHT, and therefore, it is preferably contained in an area of 0.01% or more.
- the carbide or carbonitride may be at least one precipitate selected from the group consisting of NbC, Nb (C, N), VC and V (C, N).
- the cementite between the bainite interfaces after the stress relieving or post-weld heat treatment is in the form of a platelike, it can act as the initiator of the hydrogen organic cracking, so in one embodiment of the present invention, It can exist in mostly spheroidized form.
- the steel material provided according to one embodiment of the present invention is excellent not only in the hydrogen organic cracking resistance but also in tensile strength of 485 MPa or more after PWHT.
- the step of preparing the molten steel may include the steps of charging Mg-containing Al alloy into the molten steel for processing; Introducing Ca into the processing molten steel; And injecting Mg into the processing molten steel.
- the processing molten steel may not be completely identical to the steel composition according to one embodiment of the present invention. This is because the elements such as Al, Mg, and Ca are to be introduced into the molten steel as described above. Therefore, these components are not the same, and the alloying elements are added during or after the step of preparing the molten steel for processing So that additional component adjustments can be made. However, after the step of preparing the molten steel is completed, the molten steel may have the same composition as that of the steel of the present invention.
- the processing molten steel may be refined molten steel in a converter or refined molten steel in an electric furnace.
- One of the most important processes for securing HIC characteristics in the steel of the present invention is a desulfurization process.
- the Mg-containing Al alloy in the molten steel is injected into the molten steel to remove oxygen remaining in the molten steel.
- the Mg content in the Al alloy is less than 5%, MgO content in the inclusions is hardly secured to the desired level, while the MgO content in the Al alloy is less than 10%
- the MgO content in the inclusions becomes excessively high, so that the HIC characteristic may deteriorate as the MgO single phase is precipitated.
- a large amount of fume is generated during the deoxidation process, and scattering of molten steel is increased, so that workability may be deteriorated.
- the Mg content of the Mg-containing Al alloy is more preferably 5 to 8 wt%, and still more preferably 6 to 7 wt%.
- the amount of the Mg-containing Al alloy to be charged can be determined in consideration of the difference between the Al content of the molten steel before the injection and the target Al content and the Al real water ratio, and this may be performed in a manner usually performed in the steelmaking process. Not.
- Ca is charged into the molten steel for processing into which the Mg-containing Al alloy is charged.
- Ca may be added by a method such as Powder Injection or Ca wire insertion, and is not particularly limited in the present invention.
- the Ca wire refers to a wire containing Ca-based powder in the steel wire.
- the concentration of S in the molten steel before charging the Ca wire can be controlled to 0.001% or less by advancing the desulfurization process.
- Ca wire insertion to suppress MnS formation can be minimized. It is also possible to control the concentration of CaO in the inclusions to the level proposed by the present invention.
- the Mg-containing Al, but controlled by the molten steel within the inclusions composition of Mg-Al-O by the deoxidizer added, and CaO are contained a large amount in accordance with the Ca treatment contain a balance of materials MgO-Al 2 O 3 of The material will change. Thereafter, the composition of the Mg-Al-Ca-O inclusions containing a large amount of MgO is changed through the step of introducing Mg.
- the feeding rate of Ca wire can be 100 to 250 m / min. That is, when the charging rate of the Ca wire is less than 100 m / min, Ca is melted at the upper portion of the ladle and the effect of the iron static pressure is decreased, so that the Ca real water rate is decreased and the amount of the charging is increased. On the other hand, if it exceeds 250m / min, the Ca wire contacts the base of the ladle, and the refractory of the ladle is spoiled, so that the stability of the operation can not be secured. Therefore, the charging rate of the Ca wire is preferably 100 to 250 m / min, more preferably 120 to 200 m / min, even more preferably 140 to 180 m / min.
- the Ca wire may be charged such that the amount of Ca contained therein is 0.00005 to 0.00050 kg / ton (0.00005 to 0.00050 kg per ton of molten steel).
- the amount of Ca is less than 0.00005 kg / ton, MnS is generated at the center of solidification and the hydrogen organic cracking resistance is weakened.
- the Ca loading is more than 0.00050 kg / ton, it reacts with the Al 2 O 3 component of the refractory, It is difficult to obtain productivity and the stability of the operation can not be ensured. Therefore, the Ca loading amount is preferably 0.00005 to 0.00050 kg / ton, more preferably 0.00010 to 0.00040 kg / ton, and still more preferably 0.00015 to 0.00030 kg / ton.
- a Ca metal such as Ca, CaSi, FeCa, Fe-Ca-Si, or Fe-Ca-Ba-Si can be utilized.
- a Ca alloy having a high water-rejection ratio it is desirable to use a Ca alloy having a high water-rejection ratio. Therefore, it is advantageous for the Ca dosing method to make it possible for Ca to dissolve in the base of the Ladle by utilizing a wire feeding device to increase the rate of water loss in the molten steel.
- non-metallic inclusions can be controlled by introducing Mg into the molten steel for processing.
- the composite inclusion contains Mg-Al-Ca-O component.
- the addition operation of Mg is performed.
- Mg is low in solubility in molten steel and high in vapor pressure, it is difficult to input, so it is preferable to alloy the Mg with Ni-Mg or Si-Mg.
- various methods such as powder injection and wire injection method can be used.
- the Mg may be introduced by a method of wire injection.
- the Mg wire means a wire containing a Mg-based powder in the iron wire.
- the charging rate of the Mg wire is less than 150 m / min, Mg is melted at the upper portion of the ladle, the effect of the iron static pressure is decreased, and the Mg real water rate is decreased, so that the input amount is increased.
- the charging rate of the Mg wire is preferably 150 to 300 m / min. More preferably 180 to 250 m / min, and even more preferably 200 to 220 m / min.
- the amount of Mg wire to be charged is preferably 0.00003 to 0.00015 kg / ton (0.00003 to 0.00015 kg per ton of molten steel) based on the amount of Mg.
- the amount of Mg is less than 0.00003 kg / ton, the MgO concentration in the inclusions can not be sufficiently secured, and therefore, it is impossible to secure the hydrogen organic cracking property due to the crushing under pressure.
- the Mg content exceeds 0.00015 kg / ton, MgO alone phase precipitates in the inclusions So that fracture of the inclusions can not be avoided. Therefore, the amount of the Mg wire is preferably 0.00003 to 0.00015 kg / ton, more preferably 0.00005 to 0.00012 kg / ton, still more preferably 0.00007 to 0.00010 kg / ton .
- the bubbling in order to uniformly mix the elements such as Al, Ca, Mg, etc. in the molten steel, the bubbling may be performed during or after the addition of the element in one or more stages bubbling < / RTI >
- the bubbling means an operation of blowing gas into the molten steel to stir the molten steel.
- Ca-Al-O inclusions formed when bubbling is performed in the step of feeding Ca wire can be removed as much as possible by flotation separation, thereby minimizing the problem caused by such crushing of inclusions.
- the method of obtaining the steel material of the present invention is not particularly limited to rolling conditions, but one example of rolling conditions according to one embodiment of the present invention may be as follows.
- a rolling method comprises: preparing a slab; Heating the slab; Sizing the heated slab to obtain a bar; Reheating the bar; And finishing rolling the bar to obtain a steel material.
- each step will be described in detail.
- the steel slab is heated at 1150 ° C to 1300 ° C.
- the steel slab heating temperature is preferably 1150 DEG C or higher. This is to re-use carbonitride of Ti or Nb or coarse Ti, Nb (C, N) coarse precipitate formed during casting and secondly, Austenite) to the recrystallization temperature or higher to maximize the austenite grain size.
- Is preferably 1300 ° C.
- the reheated slab is subjected to sizing rolling to obtain a bar having a maximum thickness of 120 mm, followed by air cooling to room temperature.
- the sizing rolling can reduce the tendency of the rolling inclusions to be shattered by weakening the band structure due to the increase in the compression ratio during the final hot rolling and reducing the rolling reduction at low temperature.
- the oxidative inclusions may be broken due to the cumulative rolling reduction in the non-recrystallized region during the final hot rolling without sizing rolling, and this can serve as the starting point of the hydrogen organic cracking.
- the ending temperature of the sizing rolling may be between 950 ° C and 1150 ° C.
- the finishing degree of the sizing rolling may be 950 DEG C or more. To obtain the effect of sizing rolling while preventing the coarsening of the austenite grains, Or less.
- the thickness of the bar exceeds 120 mm after the end of the sizing rolling, the thickness ratio of the final steel sheet to the bar thickness during finish rolling increases to increase the rolling reduction ratio, thereby increasing the possibility of finish rolling in the non-recrystallized region.
- the non-recrystallization reduction load is increased, the hydrogen-organic cracking property may be deteriorated by the fracture of the oxidant inclusion in the austenite prior to the normalization.
- the thickness of the bars may be set in a range of 80 mm or more.
- a separate rough rolling process may be performed before sizing rolling as necessary.
- the bar is reheated to 1150 to 1200 ° C.
- the temperature for reheating the intermediate rolled bar prior to finish hot rolling is preferably at least 1150 DEG C in order to prevent the inclusion from being broken due to excessive temperature drop during finish rolling.
- the reheating temperature is preferably 1200 ° C or less.
- the heated bar is subjected to finish hot rolling at a temperature range of 900 to 1050 ⁇ ⁇ and then air-cooled to room temperature to obtain a steel material (hot-rolled steel sheet).
- the coarse inclusions generated during the refining process must accommodate the deformation due to rolling as the steel sheet has a higher strength as the rolling temperature is lower. As a result, Are elongated.
- the inclined or segmented inclusions directly cause generation and propagation of hydrogen organic cracks, so that the finish rolling can be finished at 900 ⁇ or higher.
- the finish hot rolling temperature is preferably 900 to 1050 DEG C Do.
- the thickness of the finished steel material after completion of the finish rolling may be 5 to 65 mm.
- a step of cooling the steel after the rolling is completed can be followed.
- the steel material can be cooled by air cooling.
- the amount of dissolved hydrogen in the molten steel is 1.3 ppm or more, it can be performed by cooling the steel sheet by multi-stage compacting until the steel sheet is cooled to room temperature at a temperature of 200 ° C or more during air cooling after the finish rolling.
- multi-stage compact cooling when multi-stage compact cooling is performed, internal microcracks due to hydrogen can be more effectively suppressed by releasing hydrogen dissolved in the steel material, and ultimately the hydrogen-organic cracking property can be improved.
- the air-cooled hot-rolled steel sheet is heated in a temperature range of 850 to 950 ° C for 10 to 60 minutes, and then subjected to a normalizing heat treatment for air-cooling to room temperature.
- the temperature at which the hot-rolled steel sheet is heated is based on the temperature at the center of the thickness of the hot-rolled steel sheet.
- the temperature is preferably limited to 850 to 950 during the normalizing heat treatment, and the holding time is preferably 10 minutes to 60 minutes after reaching the target temperature based on the center temperature of the steel plate.
- the rolling method includes a step of preparing a slab; Heating the slab; And finishing rolling the slab to obtain a steel material.
- Molten steels having the alloy compositions shown in Tables 1 and 2 were prepared and then continuously cast to prepare steel slabs having a thickness of 300 mm.
- the detailed conditions for charging the Mg-containing Al alloy, Ca wire and Mg wire at the time of preparing the molten steel are as follows. That is, when the molten steel was prepared, an Mg-containing Al alloy was charged under the conditions shown in Table 3 below so that the Al content in the cast steel satisfied the target composition shown in Table 1. The Ca wire was then charged into the molten steel at a charging rate of 170 m / min so that the amount of Ca charged was 0.00030 kg per ton of molten steel. In Comparative Example 9 and Comparative Example 10, the amount of Ca supplied through the Ca wire was 0.00001 kg and 0.00002 kg per ton of molten steel, respectively.
- the Mg wire was charged into the molten steel at a speed of 200 m / min.
- the amount of Mg injected by the Mg wire is shown separately in Table 3.
- Table 1 the contents of N (nitrogen) were not separately indicated, but all were within the range of 0.0035 to 0.0060%, and no significant difference was found according to the content of N and the description was omitted.
- the above steel slab was subjected to sizing rolling and hot rolling under the conditions shown in Table 3 to prepare a steel sheet having a thickness of 10 mm.
- the reduction rate per pass of the last three passes was 10 to 13%
- the cumulative reduction rate was 30% or more
- the deformation rate was controlled in the range of 1.0 to 1.7 / s.
- the bars were heated to 1200 ⁇ ⁇ and then subjected to finish hot rolling under the conditions described in Table 3.
- CLR hydrogen organic crack length ratio
- the PWHT process was performed on the obtained steel to evaluate the post - weld heat treatment (PWHT) characteristics under the following conditions. After the hot-rolled steel sheet was heated up to 425 ° C, the temperature of the hot-rolled steel sheet was raised from 595 ° C to 630 ° C at a temperature raising rate of 55-100 ° C / hr from the temperature, and then maintained at that temperature for 60-180 minutes. And air-cooled to room temperature. Table 5 shows the tensile strengths of the PWHT treated steel and the treated steel in order to confirm the strength change by PWHT.
- Examples 1 to 6 satisfying the conditions of the present invention exhibited excellent hydrogen organic cracking resistance (CLR: less than 10%, CTR: less than 3%), Was not large.
- Comparative Example 1 when the C content exceeded the range specified in the present invention, the pearlite ratio in the tissue was high. As a result, the tensile strength before PWHT was excessively high and the CLR and CTR 13% and 3.3%, respectively, and the hydrogen organic cracking resistance was not good.
- the Mn content was high.
- the HIC characteristic was poor.
- the S content was high, and as a result, the HIC characteristic was poor.
- Comparative Example 4 the content of Nb and V precipitates having a size of 5 to 30 nm was smaller than the value specified in the present invention.
- Comparative Example 5 was a case where the Ca content was insufficient. As a result, sufficient resistance to hydrogen organic cracking was not obtained because sufficient sphericalization effect of MnS was not obtained.
- Comparative Example 6 the Cu content and the Ca content were insufficient, and the resistance to hydrogen organic cracking was not good.
- Comparative Examples 7 and 8 the Mg content of the Mg-containing Al alloy was insufficient and the amount of Mg wire was insufficient. As a result, the Mg content in the steel was only 0.0001% and 0.0002%, respectively. As a result, the composition of the inclusions could not be controlled within the range specified in the present invention, resulting in poor hydrogen organic cracking resistance.
- Comparative Example 12 is a case where the rolling temperature at the time of sizing rolling is excessively high and the amount of reduction with respect to the bar at the time of sizing rolling is excessively large, and the hydrogen organic cracking resistance is poor, and it is presumed that the inclusions were partially broken during the rolling process.
- Comparative Examples 13 and 14 are cases in which the finish hot rolling temperature is low, and it is presumed that the addition load on the inclusions at the time of rolling increases and the fracture of the inclusions occurs. As a result, the resistance to hydrogen organic cracking is not good. Comparative Examples 15 and 16 were cases where the normalizing time was too long.
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Abstract
Description
| 구분 | 합금조성(중량%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | Al | P | S | Nb | V | |
| 발명강1 | 0.18 | 0.35 | 1.13 | 0.035 | 0.0080 | 0.0008 | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| 발명강2 | 0.17 | 0.31 | 1.12 | 0.031 | 0.0070 | 0.0006 | 0.01 | 0.001 |
| 발명강3 | 0.18 | 0.32 | 1.21 | 0.032 | 0.0051 | 0.0005 | 0.011 | 0.001 |
| 발명강4 | 0.19 | 0.35 | 1.09 | 0.033 | 0.0083 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| 발명강5 | 0.17 | 0.36 | 1.1 | 0.035 | 0.0075 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | 0.012 |
| 발명강6 | 0.2 | 0.33 | 1.17 | 0.036 | 0.0081 | 0.0004 | 0.005 | 0.016 |
| 비교강1 | 0.29 | 0.35 | 1.15 | 0.031 | 0.0081 | 0.0009 | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| 비교강2 | 0.16 | 0.33 | 2.15 | 0.032 | 0.0080 | 0.0006 | 0.015 | 0.015 |
| 비교강3 | 0.18 | 0.37 | 1.12 | 0.031 | 0.0071 | 0.0022 | 0.001 | 0.013 |
| 비교강4 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 1.1 | 0.035 | 0.0083 | 0.0008 | 0.0005 | 0.0007 |
| 비교강5 | 0.18 | 0.31 | 1.15 | 0.031 | 0.0070 | 0.0008 | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| 비교강6 | 0.17 | 0.33 | 1.16 | 0.035 | 0.0071 | 0.0009 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| 비교강7 | 0.19 | 0.36 | 1.23 | 0.036 | 0.0081 | 0.0007 | 0.004 | 0.019 |
| 비교강8 | 0.2 | 0.38 | 1.31 | 0.031 | 0.0062 | 0.0006 | 0.001 | 0.015 |
| 비교강9 | 0.15 | 0.39 | 1.15 | 0.017 | 0.0083 | 0.0008 | 0.006 | 0.012 |
| 비교강10 | 0.16 | 0.35 | 1.1 | 0.03 | 0.0063 | 0.0006 | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| 발명강7 | 0.18 | 0.3 | 1.12 | 0.038 | 0.0088 | 0.0007 | 0.015 | 0.006 |
| 발명강8 | 0.17 | 0.31 | 1.25 | 0.039 | 0.0075 | 0.0010 | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| 발명강9 | 0.18 | 0.35 | 1.27 | 0.035 | 0.0070 | 0.0009 | 0.017 | 0.015 |
| 발명강10 | 0.2 | 0.33 | 1.1 | 0.031 | 0.0065 | 0.0010 | 0.001 | 0.019 |
| 발명강11 | 0.17 | 0.34 | 1.18 | 0.035 | 0.0060 | 0.0006 | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| 발명강12 | 0.16 | 0.35 | 1.19 | 0.036 | 0.0059 | 0.0004 | 0.013 | 0.015 |
| 구분 | 합금조성(중량%) | |||||||
| Ti | Cr | Mo | Cu | Ni | Mg | Ca | O | |
| 발명강1 | 0.011 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.0008 | 0.0035 | 0.00091 |
| 발명강2 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.25 | 0.0011 | 0.0027 | 0.00078 |
| 발명강3 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.0035 | 0.0021 | 0.00065 |
| 발명강4 | 0.012 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.0025 | 0.0023 | 0.00073 |
| 발명강5 | 0.005 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.2 | 0.12 | 0.0027 | 0.0016 | 0.00061 |
| 발명강6 | 0.007 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.0023 | 0.0030 | 0.00082 |
| 비교강1 | 0.013 | 0.1 | 0.12 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.0019 | 0.0022 | 0.00075 |
| 비교강2 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.0027 | 0.0022 | 0.00073 |
| 비교강3 | 0.011 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.1 | 0.13 | 0.0035 | 0.0032 | 0.00069 |
| 비교강4 | 0.007 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.19 | 0.0033 | 0.0034 | 0.00079 |
| 비교강5 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.0034 | 0.0013 | 0.00079 |
| 비교강6 | 0.013 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.009 | 0.12 | 0.0041 | 0.0014 | 0.00065 |
| 비교강7 | 0.001 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.0001 | 0.0022 | 0.00072 |
| 비교강8 | 0.013 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.17 | 0.0003 | 0.0023 | 0.00071 |
| 비교강9 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.0001 | 0.0004 | 0.00085 |
| 비교강10 | 0.012 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.181 | 0.0002 | 0.0003 | 0.00065 |
| 발명강7 | 0.001 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.0043 | 0.0022 | 0.00073 |
| 발명강8 | 0.016 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 0.23 | 0.0038 | 0.0026 | 0.00059 |
| 발명강9 | 0.003 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.0031 | 0.0024 | 0.00071 |
| 발명강10 | 0.011 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.1 | 0.0039 | 0.0032 | 0.00063 |
| 발명강11 | 0.005 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.0019 | 0.0039 | 0.00069 |
| 발명강12 | 0.005 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.1 | 0.0044 | 0.0018 | 0.00075 |
| 구분 | 강종No. | 용강준비 | 슬라브가열온도(℃) | 사이징압연 | 마무리열간압연온도(℃) | 노말라이징시간(min) | ||
| Mg함유 Al합금 내Mg 함량(중량%) | Mg 와이어에 의한 Mg 투입량(Kg/ton) | 압연온도(℃) | 바두께(mm) | |||||
| 발명예1 | 발명강1 | 7 | 0.000042 | 1151 | 1100 | 111 | 978 | 12 |
| 발명예2 | 발명강2 | 9 | 0.00003 | 1173 | 1112 | 100 | 988 | 11 |
| 발명예3 | 발명강3 | 10 | 0.000035 | 1211 | 1128 | 111 | 984 | 20 |
| 발명예4 | 발명강4 | 5 | 0.000034 | 1218 | 1115 | 100 | 995 | 25 |
| 발명예5 | 발명강5 | 6 | 0.00012 | 1180 | 1100 | 112 | 976 | 30 |
| 발명예6 | 발명강6 | 6 | 0.00003 | 1181 | 1091 | 119 | 983 | 18 |
| 비교예1 | 비교강1 | 8 | 0.00014 | 1192 | 1142 | 109 | 975 | 17 |
| 비교예2 | 비교강2 | 10 | 0.00013 | 1182 | 1115 | 99 | 977 | 16 |
| 비교예3 | 비교강3 | 10 | 0.00013 | 1183 | 1117 | 95 | 953 | 11 |
| 비교예4 | 비교강4 | 9 | 0.00013 | 1187 | 1132 | 100 | 1012 | 9 |
| 비교예5 | 비교강5 | 9 | 0.00013 | 1165 | 1105 | 111 | 1021 | 11 |
| 비교예6 | 비교강6 | 7 | 0.00014 | 1183 | 1102 | 108 | 995 | 20 |
| 비교예7 | 비교강7 | 6 | 0.00001 | 1135 | 1151 | 109 | 987 | 12 |
| 비교예8 | 비교강8 | 8 | 0.00002 | 1155 | 1122 | 107 | 973 | 19 |
| 비교예9 | 비교강9 | 2 | 0.00002 | 1187 | 1125 | 111 | 945 | 21 |
| 비교예10 | 비교강10 | 3 | 0.00002 | 1188 | 1175 | 108 | 947 | 22 |
| 비교예11 | 발명강7 | 10 | 0.00009 | 1011 | 988 | 187 | 910 | 30 |
| 비교예12 | 발명강8 | 10 | 0.00008 | 1285 | 1157 | 57 | 987 | 31 |
| 비교예13 | 발명강9 | 7 | 0.00012 | 1162 | 1131 | 95 | 785 | 40 |
| 비교예14 | 발명강10 | 8 | 0.00014 | 1164 | 1085 | 87 | 801 | 19 |
| 비교예15 | 발명강11 | 7 | 0.00012 | 1213 | 993 | 91 | 984 | 181 |
| 비교예16 | 발명강12 | 9 | 0.00013 | 1189 | 1073 | 93 | 935 | 155 |
| 구분 | Mg-Al-Ca-O 복합 산화물(단위%) | ||||||||
| C1 | A1 | M1 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R1/M1 | R2/A1 | R3/C1 | |
| 발명예1 | 33 | 58 | 9 | 91 | 42 | 57 | 10.1 | 0.7 | 2.0 |
| 발명예2 | 32 | 59 | 9 | 91 | 41 | 68 | 10.1 | 0.7 | 2.1 |
| 발명예3 | 33 | 62 | 5 | 95 | 38 | 67 | 19.0 | 0.6 | 2.0 |
| 발명예4 | 22 | 70 | 8 | 92 | 30 | 78 | 11.5 | 0.4 | 3.5 |
| 발명예5 | 14 | 75 | 11 | 89 | 25 | 86 | 8.1 | 0.3 | 6.1 |
| 발명예6 | 15 | 70 | 15 | 85 | 30 | 85 | 5.7 | 0.4 | 5.7 |
| 비교예1 | 13 | 69 | 18 | 82 | 31 | 87 | 4.6 | 0.4 | 6.7 |
| 비교예2 | 17 | 68 | 15 | 85 | 32 | 83 | 5.7 | 0.5 | 4.9 |
| 비교예3 | 18 | 70 | 12 | 88 | 30 | 82 | 7.3 | 0.4 | 4.6 |
| 비교예4 | 17 | 73 | 10 | 90 | 27 | 83 | 9.0 | 0.4 | 4.9 |
| 비교예5 | 16 | 72 | 12 | 88 | 28 | 84 | 7.3 | 0.4 | 5.3 |
| 비교예6 | 15 | 77 | 8 | 92 | 23 | 85 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 5.7 |
| 비교예7 | 25 | 73 | 2 | 98 | 27 | 75 | 49.0 | 0.4 | 3.0 |
| 비교예8 | 22 | 77 | 1 | 99 | 23 | 78 | 99.0 | 0.3 | 3.5 |
| 비교예9 | 7 | 89 | 4 | 96 | 11 | 93 | 24.0 | 0.1 | 13.3 |
| 비교예10 | 8 | 90 | 2 | 98 | 10 | 92 | 49.0 | 0.1 | 11.5 |
| 비교예11 | 18 | 70 | 12 | 88 | 30 | 82 | 7.3 | 0.4 | 4.6 |
| 비교예12 | 19 | 72 | 9 | 91 | 28 | 81 | 10.1 | 0.4 | 4.3 |
| 비교예13 | 22 | 71 | 7 | 93 | 29 | 78 | 13.3 | 0.4 | 3.5 |
| 비교예14 | 14 | 72 | 14 | 86 | 28 | 86 | 6.1 | 0.4 | 6.1 |
| 비교예15 | 13 | 69 | 18 | 82 | 31 | 87 | 4.6 | 0.4 | 6.7 |
| 비교예16 | 15 | 66 | 19 | 81 | 34 | 85 | 4.3 | 0.5 | 5.7 |
| 상기 C1은 CaO의 함량, A1은 Al2O3의 함량 및 M1은 MgO의 함량을 나타내고, R1=C1+A1, R2=C1+M1, R3=A1+M1을 의미함. | |||||||||
| 구분 | 미세조직(면적%) | 크기 5~30nm의 석출물의 분율(%) | 인장강도(MPa) | HIC 특성 | |||
| 펄라이트 | 페라이트 | PWHT 전 | PWHT 후 | CLR(%) | CTR(%) | ||
| 발명예1 | 18 | 82 | 0.011 | 512 | 504.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 발명예2 | 17 | 83 | 0.015 | 498.6 | 490.7 | 0.1 | 0 |
| 발명예3 | 18 | 82 | 0.013 | 520.9 | 513.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 발명예4 | 19 | 81 | 0.011 | 528.4 | 520.5 | 0 | 0 |
| 발명예5 | 18 | 82 | 0.013 | 528.3 | 520.5 | 0 | 0 |
| 발명예6 | 20 | 80 | 0.012 | 570.7 | 562.9 | 0 | 0 |
| 비교예1 | 31 | 69 | 0.015 | 625.3 | 599.4 | 13 | 3.3 |
| 비교예2 | 16 | 84 | 0.012 | 596.6 | 588.8 | 37 | 17 |
| 비교예3 | 18 | 82 | 0.017 | 533.5 | 525.6 | 49 | 13 |
| 비교예4 | 14 | 86 | 0.0002 | 484.2 | 461.4 | 0.1 | 0 |
| 비교예5 | 17 | 83 | 0.012 | 504.9 | 497.1 | 39 | 8.8 |
| 비교예6 | 17 | 83 | 0.012 | 509.8 | 507.9 | 45 | 5.5 |
| 비교예7 | 16 | 84 | 0.015 | 498.5 | 490.7 | 37 | 7.3 |
| 비교예8 | 18 | 82 | 0.018 | 522.8 | 514.9 | 29 | 6.3 |
| 비교예9 | 18 | 82 | 0.017 | 549.4 | 541.6 | 31 | 8.4 |
| 비교예10 | 19 | 81 | 0.015 | 558.7 | 550.9 | 29 | 8.4 |
| 비교예11 | 16 | 84 | 0.016 | 511.2 | 503.3 | 22 | 7.9 |
| 비교예12 | 17 | 83 | 0.017 | 505 | 497.2 | 19 | 5.5 |
| 비교예13 | 18 | 82 | 0.018 | 520.4 | 512.6 | 13 | 8.3 |
| 비교예14 | 17 | 83 | 0.016 | 533.4 | 525.6 | 19 | 5.9 |
| 비교예15 | 17 | 83 | 0.013 | 558.8 | 484.7 | 0 | 0 |
| 비교예16 | 18 | 82 | 0.001 | 548 | 477.2 | 0.1 | 0 |
| 석출물은 NbC, Nb(C,N) VC, V(C,N)으로 이루어지는 그룹으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 탄화물 또는 탄질화물을 의미함. | |||||||
Claims (20)
- 중량%로, 탄소(C): 0.06~0.25%, 실리콘(Si): 0.05~0.50%, 망간(Mn): 1.0~2.0%, 알루미늄(Al): 0.005~0.40%, 인(P): 0.010% 이하, 황(S): 0.0010% 이하, 니오븀(Nb): 0.001~0.03%, 바나듐(V): 0.001~0.03%, 티타늄(Ti): 0.001~0.03%, 크롬(Cr): 0.01~0.20%, 몰리브덴(Mo): 0.05~0.15%, 구리(Cu): 0.01~0.50%, 니켈(Ni): 0.05~0.50%, 마그네슘(Mg): 0.0005~0.0050%, 칼슘(Ca): 0.0005~0.0050%, 산소(O): 0.0020%이하, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 불가피한 불순물을 포함하고,미세조직은 면적분율로 펄라이트: 30% 이하 및 잔부 페라이트를 포함하며,비금속 개재물은 Mg-Al-Ca-O 복합 산화물을 함유하는 압력용기용 강재.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 Mg-Al-Ca-O 복합 산화물은 지름 0.5㎛ 이상의 비금속 개재물을 EDS에 의해 분석시 R1/M1의 비율이 4.0~19.0의 범위를 만족하고, R2/A1의 비율이 0.3~0.7의 범위를 만족하고, R3/C1의 비율이 1.9~9.0을 각각 만족하는 Mg-Al-Ca-O 복합 산화물을 함유하는 압력용기용 강재.(단, 강재에 포함된 개재물의 성분 중 CaO, Al2O3 및 MgO의 함량의 합을 100%로 하였을 때, 상기 C1은 강재에 포함된 각 개재물 중 CaO의 함량의 평균치, A1은 Al2O3의 함량의 평균치 및 M1은 MgO 함량의 평균치를 나타내고, R1=C1+A1, R2=C1+M1, R3=A1+M1을 의미함.)
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 강재는 N: 0.0020~0.0060%을 추가적으로 더 포함하는 압력용기용 강재.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 강재는 미세조직 내 5~30nm의 직경을 가지는 Nb 및 V 중 1종 또는 2종의 탄화물 또는 탄질화물을 면적 비율로 0.01~0.02%로 포함하는 압력용기용 강재.
- 제 4 항에 있어서,상기 탄화물 또는 탄질화물은 NbC, Nb(C,N), VC, V(C,N)으로 이루어지는 그룹으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 석출물을 포함하는 압력용기용 강재.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 강재는 용접후열처리(PWHT)한 뒤, 인장강도가 485MPa 이상인 압력용기용 강재.
- 용강을 준비하는 단계;상기 용강을 연속주조하여 강 슬라브를 얻는 단계;상기 슬라브를 가열하는 단계;상기 슬라브를 1100~1130℃의 온도에서 사이징 압연하여 바(bar)를 얻는 단계;상기 바를 냉각하는 단계;상기 바를 재가열하는 단계;상기 바를 900~1050℃의 온도에서 마무리 열간압연하여 열연강판을 얻는 단계;상기 열연강판을 냉각하는 단계;상기 열연강판을 노멀라이징 열처리하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 용강을 준비하는 단계는,처리용 용강에 Mg함유 Al합금을 투입하는 단계;상기 처리용 용강에 Ca를 투입하는 단계;상기 처리용 용강에 Mg를 투입하는 단계를 포함하는 과정에 의하여 중량%로, 탄소(C): 0.06~0.25%, 실리콘(Si): 0.05~0.50%, 망간(Mn): 1.0~2.0%, 알루미늄(Al): 0.005~0.40%, 인(P): 0.010% 이하, 황(S): 0.0010% 이하, 니오븀(Nb): 0.001~0.03%, 바나듐(V): 0.001~0.03%, 티타늄(Ti): 0.001~0.03%, 크롬(Cr): 0.01~0.20%, 몰리브덴(Mo): 0.05~0.15%, 구리(Cu): 0.01~0.50%, 니켈(Ni): 0.05~0.50%, 마그네슘(Mg): 0.0005~0.0050%, 칼슘(Ca): 0.0005~0.0050%, 산소(O): 0.0020%이하, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 불가피한 불순물을 포함하는 용강을 얻는 단계인 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 용강은 N: 0.0020~0.0060%을 더 포함하는 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 Al 합금을 투입하는 단계, 상기 Ca를 투입하는 단계 및 상기 Mg를 투입하는 단계 중 하나 또는 둘 이상의 단계에서 해당 단계 중 또는 해당 단계 이후에 버블링을 실시하는 단계를 더 포함하는 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 Mg함유 Al은 5~10중량%의 Mg를 함유하는 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 Ca를 투입하는 단계는 Ca 와이어를 투입하는 단계이며, 상기 Ca 와이어는 100~250m/분의 속도로 투입되고, 상기 Ca 와이어에 의하여 투입되는 Ca의 양은 처리용 용강 1톤당 0.00005 ~0.00050kg인 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 Mg를 투입하는 단계는 Mg 와이어를 투입하는 단계이며, 상기 Mg 와이어는 150~300m/분의 속도로 투입되고, 상기 Mg 와이어에 의해 투입되는 Mg의 양은 처리용 용강 1톤당 0.00003~0.00015kg인 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항 내지 제 12 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 슬라브를 가열하는 단계의 가열 온도는 1150~1300℃인 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항 내지 제 12 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 바는 두께가 80~120mm인 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항 내지 제 12 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 바를 재가열하는 단계의 재가열 온도는 1150~1200℃인 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항 내지 제 12 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 바를 냉각하는 단계는 상기 바를 상온까지 공냉하는 단계인 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항 내지 제 12 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 열연강판을 냉각하는 단계는 상기 열연강판을 상온까지 공냉하는 단계인 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 17 항에 있어서,상기 열연강판을 냉각하는 단계는 200℃ 이상의 온도까지 상온으로 냉각될 때까지 다단적치 냉각함으로써 수행되는 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항 내지 제 12 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 열연강판은 두께가 5~65mm인 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
- 제 7 항 내지 제 12 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 노말라이징은 열연강판을 850~950℃의 온도범위로 10~60분간 가열한 다음, 상온까지 공냉하는 단계에 의해서 수행되는 압력용기용 강재의 제조방법.
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| PCT/KR2018/016582 Ceased WO2019132478A1 (ko) | 2017-12-26 | 2018-12-24 | 수소유기균열 저항성이 우수한 압력용기용 강재 및 그 제조방법 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US12331373B2 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP3733892A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP7219882B6 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR101999027B1 (ko) |
| CN (2) | CN120700419A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2019132478A1 (ko) |
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| CN114761599A (zh) * | 2019-12-16 | 2022-07-15 | 株式会社Posco | 抗硫化物应力腐蚀开裂性优异的钢材及其制造方法 |
| CN115029645A (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-09 | 上海五牛金属材料有限公司 | 一种压力容器用盘条及制备方法 |
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| CN112853218B (zh) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-03-01 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种高速动车转向架用钢及其制造方法 |
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| CN115261714A (zh) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种压力容器用钢及其制备方法 |
| KR20230090416A (ko) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-06-22 | 주식회사 포스코 | 수소유기균열 저항성 및 저온 충격인성이 우수한 강재 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR102536205B1 (ko) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-05-26 | 주식회사 에테르씨티 | 수소용 저장용기 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR102536210B1 (ko) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-05-26 | 주식회사 에테르씨티 | 수소용 저장용기 및 그 제조방법 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114761599A (zh) * | 2019-12-16 | 2022-07-15 | 株式会社Posco | 抗硫化物应力腐蚀开裂性优异的钢材及其制造方法 |
| CN114761599B (zh) * | 2019-12-16 | 2023-10-31 | 株式会社Posco | 抗硫化物应力腐蚀开裂性优异的钢材及其制造方法 |
| CN115029645A (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-09 | 上海五牛金属材料有限公司 | 一种压力容器用盘条及制备方法 |
| CN115029645B (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-09-12 | 上海五牛金属材料有限公司 | 一种压力容器用盘条及制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20230212704A1 (en) | 2023-07-06 |
| US12331373B2 (en) | 2025-06-17 |
| JP2021509446A (ja) | 2021-03-25 |
| EP3733892A1 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
| CN120700419A (zh) | 2025-09-26 |
| KR101999027B1 (ko) | 2019-07-10 |
| JP7219882B6 (ja) | 2023-02-28 |
| JP7219882B2 (ja) | 2023-02-09 |
| EP3733892A4 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
| CN111566242A (zh) | 2020-08-21 |
| KR20190078023A (ko) | 2019-07-04 |
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