WO2019148771A1 - 风电机组的一次调频方法和设备 - Google Patents

风电机组的一次调频方法和设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019148771A1
WO2019148771A1 PCT/CN2018/095167 CN2018095167W WO2019148771A1 WO 2019148771 A1 WO2019148771 A1 WO 2019148771A1 CN 2018095167 W CN2018095167 W CN 2018095167W WO 2019148771 A1 WO2019148771 A1 WO 2019148771A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frequency modulation
power
value
current
wind turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/095167
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余梦婷
韩梅
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd filed Critical Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
Priority to ES18867306T priority Critical patent/ES2895483T3/es
Priority to AU2018353933A priority patent/AU2018353933B2/en
Priority to US16/345,119 priority patent/US11002249B2/en
Priority to EP18867306.5A priority patent/EP3540896B1/en
Publication of WO2019148771A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019148771A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
    • F03D7/0284—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power in relation to the state of the electric grid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/001—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies
    • H02J3/0014—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies for preventing or reducing power oscillations in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/001—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies
    • H02J3/0014—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies for preventing or reducing power oscillations in networks
    • H02J3/00142—Oscillations concerning frequency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F03D7/047—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller characterised by the controller architecture, e.g. multiple processors or data communications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
    • G01R23/005—Circuits for comparing several input signals and for indicating the result of this comparison, e.g. equal, different, greater, smaller (comparing phase or frequency of 2 mutually independent oscillations in demodulators)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/107—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies
    • F05B2270/1071—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies in particular sudden load loss
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/328—Blade pitch angle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/337—Electrical grid status parameters, e.g. voltage, frequency or power demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/28—Wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of control technology of a wind power generation system, and more particularly to a primary frequency modulation method and apparatus for a wind turbine.
  • the application provides a primary frequency modulation method and device for a wind turbine to enhance the primary frequency modulation capability and stability of the wind turbine.
  • An aspect of the present application provides a primary frequency modulation method for a wind turbine, the primary frequency modulation method comprising: detecting a current frequency of a power grid; and determining, when the current frequency of the power grid is less than a standard frequency of the power grid, determining the frequency of the primary frequency modulation by using the first determining process.
  • the first determining process comprises: determining a reference value of the power change amount for the primary frequency modulation according to the current frequency, and comparing the reference value with the wind turbine when determining that the wind power generating set currently has the active power headroom
  • the current active power margin value determines a command value for the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation; and performs frequency modulation based on the command value of the power variation amount.
  • a primary frequency modulation device for a wind turbine, the primary frequency modulation device comprising: a detection unit that detects a current frequency of the power grid; and a determining unit that determines the first frequency when the current frequency of the power grid is less than a standard frequency of the power grid Processing to determine a command value of the power variation amount of the frequency modulation, wherein the first determining process includes: determining a reference value of the power variation amount for the primary frequency modulation according to the current frequency, and when determining that the active power headroom of the wind power unit currently exists, comparing The reference value and the current active power margin value of the wind turbine determine a command value for the power variation of the primary frequency modulation; and the frequency modulation unit performs the frequency modulation based on the command value of the power variation amount.
  • Another aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program that when executed by a processor causes a processor to perform the primary frequency modulation method as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a primary frequency modulation method of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present application
  • 2 to 3 are simulation effect diagrams showing primary frequency modulation of a primary frequency modulation method of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a primary frequency modulation device of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a primary frequency modulation method of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the current frequency of the grid is detected.
  • the current frequency of the grid can be detected in real time.
  • step S20 it is determined whether the wind turbine needs to enter the primary frequency modulation.
  • This application does not limit the determination of whether the wind turbine needs to enter the primary frequency modulation.
  • Various methods can be used to determine whether the wind turbine needs to enter the primary frequency modulation.
  • the frequency deviation between the current frequency of the grid and the grid standard frequency can be calculated and determined whether the frequency deviation exceeds the frequency dead zone, and whether the frequency modulation needs to be performed is determined by determining whether the frequency deviation exceeds the frequency dead zone.
  • the frequency deviation does not exceed the frequency dead zone, it is not necessary to perform one frequency modulation, and the process returns to step S10 to continue detecting the current frequency of the power grid.
  • the frequency deviation exceeds the frequency dead zone, it is necessary to perform frequency modulation once, and step S30 is performed.
  • the grid standard frequency refers to the AC power supply frequency of the grid standard.
  • the standard frequency of the grid may be different in different countries or regions. For example, China's grid standard frequency is 50HZ, and the US grid standard frequency is 60HZ.
  • the frequency dead zone refers to a range of fluctuations allowed by the frequency deviation between the grid frequency and the grid standard frequency.
  • step S30 the command value of the frequency change amount of the frequency modulation is determined.
  • step S40 the wind turbine is controlled to perform frequency modulation based on the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the command value of the power variation of the primary frequency modulation refers to the basis of the active power reference value output by the wind turbine at the time of the primary frequency modulation, the current output power of the wind turbine (ie, the output power before entering the primary frequency modulation). The amount of change on.
  • the amount of change in the power output by the wind turbine required to balance the frequency deviation ie, the reference value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation, hereinafter referred to as the reference value
  • the reference value is a positive number, that is, when the output power needs to be increased at the time of one frequency modulation, the active power margin value and the reference value are combined to determine the command value.
  • the command value of the power variation amount of the frequency modulation is determined by the first determining process.
  • the current frequency of the power grid is less than the standard frequency of the power grid, it indicates that the load of the power grid system increases, and the wind turbine needs to increase the output power accordingly to balance the power generation amount with the load of the power grid system.
  • the first determining process includes: determining a reference value according to the current frequency.
  • determining a reference value according to the current frequency.
  • comparing the current active power headroom value and the reference value of the wind turbine group determining the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the instruction value is determined based on the current frequency, and the determination method will be described in detail later.
  • the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation should be the active power margin value.
  • the active power headroom value When the active power headroom value is greater than or equal to the reference value, it indicates that the current unit active power headroom value can satisfy the requirement of balancing the above frequency deviation, and the wind turbine group can provide the frequency modulation power according to the reference value. Therefore, in such a case, the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation should be the reference value.
  • the current active power headroom value of the wind turbine can be determined in various ways.
  • the current active power headroom value is determined based on a current pitch angle, a proportional integral (PI) controller transfer function, and a minimum value of a pitch angle at which pitch control is initiated.
  • the PI controller transfer function indicates a correspondence between the active power headroom value and the current pitch angle and the minimum value.
  • the PI controller transfer function can be as shown in equation (1).
  • ⁇ P pre represents the active power headroom value
  • K P represents the scale factor
  • K i represents the integral coefficient
  • ⁇ represents the current pitch angle
  • ⁇ min represents the minimum value of the pitch angle at which the pitch control is initiated.
  • the present application does not limit the manner in which the current active power headroom value is determined, and other methods may be used to determine the current active power headroom value.
  • the reference value may be obtained according to a mapping relationship between the reference value and the current frequency.
  • the mapping relationship can be obtained based on historical empirical data or experimental data, or can be obtained according to corresponding grid guidelines. This application does not limit the manner in which the reference value is determined, and other methods may be used to determine the above reference value.
  • the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation when it is determined that the active power headroom value does not currently exist in the wind turbine, various manners may be employed to determine the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the reference value is determined based on the current frequency, and the reference value is used as the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the present application does not limit the manner in which the above command values are determined, and other methods may be used to determine the above command values.
  • step S30 when the current frequency of the power grid is greater than the standard frequency of the power grid, it indicates that the load of the power grid system is reduced, and the wind turbine needs to reduce the output power accordingly to balance the power generation amount with the load of the power grid system. Therefore, the active power surplus is not required.
  • the magnitude is used to participate in a frequency modulation.
  • various second determination manners different from the first determination manner may be employed to determine the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the reference value is determined based on the current frequency, and the reference value is used as the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation. This application does not limit the second determination mode, and other methods may be used to determine the above command value.
  • the wind turbine After determining the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency power, the wind turbine is controlled to perform frequency modulation according to the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation. That is to say, the wind turbine is controlled to perform frequency modulation so that the output power of the wind turbine is the sum of the current output power (ie, the output power before entering the frequency modulation) and the command value (hereinafter referred to as the first power).
  • the wind turbine can be controlled to perform frequency modulation in accordance with the existing frequency modulation method to make the wind turbine output the first power.
  • the existing frequency modulation method has the problem that the frequency modulation speed is slow or the power generation benefit of the wind farm needs to be sacrificed.
  • the frequency modulation method of the wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present application can also improve the specific frequency modulation mode.
  • the frequency modulation is performed by the first frequency modulation process, and the first frequency modulation process is performed.
  • the torque control and the pitch control of the wind turbine are performed according to the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the first frequency modulation process is performed in accordance with a predetermined length of time.
  • the predetermined length of time indicates the duration of the first frequency modulation process.
  • the predetermined length of time may be set according to the predicted amount of active power margin.
  • the active power headroom can be predicted based on predictions of wind resources.
  • the torque control refers to adjusting the torque reference value of the wind turbine
  • the pitch control refers to controlling the pitch angle of the wind turbine.
  • the wind turbine outputs the first power by simultaneously controlling the rotor torque of the motor group and controlling the pitch angle of the wind turbine, so that the frequency change response speed can be accelerated by the torque control, and
  • the pitch control supplements the rotor rotational kinetic energy to release or absorb the FM power to maintain stable operation of the wind turbine for a longer period of time.
  • the first torque reference value may be calculated according to the first power and the rotor speed of the wind turbine, and then the torque reference value of the wind turbine is adjusted to the first torque reference value.
  • the first torque reference can be calculated by the following equation (2):
  • T f represents the first torque reference value
  • P reference represents the first power
  • ⁇ represents the linear velocity of the rotor of the wind turbine.
  • the present application does not limit the manner in which the first torque reference value is determined, and other methods may be used to determine the first torque reference value described above.
  • the maximum output limit and the minimum output limit of the existing PI controller for controlling the torque of the wind turbine can be set to the first torque reference value to wind the wind power.
  • the torque setpoint of the unit is adjusted to the first torque reference.
  • the target value of the existing PI controller for controlling the pitch angle of the wind turbine can be set to the first power to control the pitch angle of the wind turbine.
  • the frequency modulation is performed by a second frequency modulation process different from the first frequency modulation process, and the second frequency modulation process is:
  • the wind turbine is subjected to torque control for a predetermined length of time according to the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the second frequency modulation process may be performed according to a predetermined length of time.
  • the predetermined length of time represents the duration of the second frequency modulation process.
  • the predetermined length of time can be set by the user.
  • 2 to 3 are simulation effect diagrams showing primary frequency modulation of a primary frequency modulation method of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows a power variation curve obtained after frequency modulation of the grid frequency is smaller than the grid standard frequency by using the existing primary frequency modulation method and the primary frequency modulation method of the present application.
  • the existing primary frequency modulation method when adopted, the wind turbine group responds to the primary frequency modulation command of the power grid as much as possible, but after the standby inertia is exhausted, the power of the wind turbine generator rapidly drops due to the release of the kinetic energy of the rotor. Secondary pollution is generated to the grid frequency; when the primary frequency modulation method of the present application is used, although the response speed is slightly slower than before optimization, a certain power boost can be continuously and stably provided.
  • the wind turbine can continuously provide energy when using the primary frequency modulation method of the present application, and more importantly, the stable power boost can avoid secondary pollution to the grid frequency. At the same time, it reduces the fatigue damage caused by the rapid decline of the existing power to the wind turbine.
  • FIG. 3 shows a power variation curve obtained after frequency modulation of the grid frequency is greater than the grid standard frequency by using the existing primary frequency modulation method and the primary frequency modulation method of the present application.
  • the existing primary frequency modulation method since only the pitch angle control is adopted, the response is slow; and when the primary frequency modulation method of the present application is adopted, the combination of the pitch angle control and the torque control is adopted. The method ensures the rapidity and stability of the wind turbine response.
  • the primary frequency modulation apparatus of the wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present application includes the detection unit 10, the determination unit 20, the determination unit 30, and the frequency modulation unit 40.
  • the detecting unit 10 detects the current frequency of the power grid. Detection can be real-time or timed.
  • the judging unit 20 determines whether the wind turbine needs to enter the primary frequency modulation.
  • This application does not limit the way in which the wind turbine needs to enter the primary frequency modulation.
  • Various methods can be used to determine whether the wind turbine needs to enter the primary frequency modulation.
  • the frequency deviation between the current frequency of the grid and the grid standard frequency can be calculated and determined whether the frequency deviation exceeds the frequency dead zone, and whether the frequency modulation needs to be performed is determined by determining whether the frequency deviation exceeds the frequency dead zone.
  • the frequency deviation does not exceed the frequency dead zone, there is no need to perform a frequency modulation, and the detecting unit 10 continues to detect the current frequency of the power grid.
  • a frequency adjustment is required.
  • the grid standard frequency refers to the AC power supply frequency of the grid standard.
  • the standard frequency of the grid may be different in different countries or regions. For example, China's grid standard frequency is 50HZ, and the US grid standard frequency is 60HZ.
  • the frequency dead zone refers to a range of fluctuations allowed by the frequency deviation between the grid frequency and the grid standard frequency.
  • the determining unit 30 determines the command value of the power change amount of the frequency modulation once.
  • the frequency modulation unit 40 controls the wind turbine to perform primary frequency modulation based on the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation refers to the current power output value of the wind turbine output at the time of the primary frequency modulation, and the current output power of the wind turbine (ie, the output power before entering the frequency modulation). The amount of change based on it.
  • the amount of change in the power output by the wind turbine required to balance the frequency deviation ie, the reference value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation, hereinafter referred to as the reference value
  • the reference value is a positive number, that is, when the output power needs to be increased at the time of one frequency modulation, the active power margin value and the reference value are combined to determine the command value.
  • the command value of the power variation amount of the frequency modulation is determined by the first determining process.
  • the current frequency of the power grid is less than the standard frequency of the power grid, it indicates that the load of the power grid system increases, and the wind turbine needs to increase the output power accordingly to balance the power generation amount with the load of the power grid system.
  • the first determining process includes: determining a reference value according to the current frequency. When determining that the active power headroom value exists in the wind turbine group, comparing the current active power headroom value and the reference value of the wind turbine group, determining the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation. Command value.
  • the reference value is determined based on the current frequency, and the determination method will be described in detail later.
  • the active power headroom value when the active power headroom value is less than the reference value, it indicates that the current active power headroom value of the wind turbine cannot meet the change in the power output of the wind turbine (ie, the reference value) that needs to balance the above frequency deviation.
  • the wind turbine is running stably, and secondly, the FM power is provided to the utmost. Therefore, in this case, the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation should be the active power margin value.
  • the active power headroom value When the active power headroom value is greater than or equal to the reference value, it indicates that the current unit active power headroom value can satisfy the change of the power output of the wind turbine set (ie, the reference value), and the wind turbine can provide the reference value according to the reference value. FM power. Therefore, in such a case, the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation should be the reference value.
  • the current active power headroom value of the wind turbine can be determined in various ways.
  • the current active power headroom value is determined based on a current pitch angle, a proportional integral (PI) controller transfer function, and a minimum value of a pitch angle at which pitch control is initiated.
  • the PI controller transfer function indicates a correspondence between the active power headroom value and the current pitch angle and the minimum value.
  • the PI controller transfer function can be as shown in equation (1) above.
  • the present application does not limit the manner in which the current active power headroom value is determined, and other methods may be used to determine the current active power headroom value.
  • the reference value may be obtained according to a mapping relationship between the reference value and the current frequency.
  • the mapping relationship can be obtained based on historical empirical data or experimental data, or can be obtained according to corresponding grid guidelines. This application does not limit the manner in which the reference value is determined, and other methods may be used to determine the above reference value.
  • the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation when it is determined that the active power headroom value does not currently exist in the wind turbine, various manners may be employed to determine the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the reference value is determined based on the current frequency, and the reference value is used as the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the present application does not limit the manner in which the above command values are determined, and other methods may be used to determine the above command values.
  • the active power headroom value is not required to participate once. FM.
  • various second determination manners different from the first determination manner may be employed to determine the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the reference value is determined based on the current frequency, and the reference value is used as the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation. This application does not limit the second determination mode, and other methods may be used to determine the above command value.
  • the wind turbine After determining the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency power, the wind turbine is controlled to perform frequency modulation according to the command value of the power change amount of the primary frequency modulation. That is to say, the wind turbine is controlled to perform frequency modulation so that the output power of the wind turbine is the sum of the current output power (ie, the output power before entering the frequency modulation) and the command value (hereinafter referred to as the first power).
  • the wind turbine can be controlled to perform a frequency modulation in accordance with the existing frequency modulation method to cause the wind turbine to output the first power.
  • the existing frequency modulation method has a problem that the frequency of the frequency modulation is slow or the power generation benefit of the wind farm needs to be sacrificed.
  • the frequency modulation method of the wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present application can also improve the specific frequency modulation mode.
  • the frequency modulation is performed by the first frequency modulation process, and the first frequency modulation process is performed.
  • the torque control and the pitch control of the wind turbine are performed according to the command value of the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation.
  • the first frequency modulation process is performed in accordance with a predetermined length of time.
  • the predetermined length of time indicates the duration of the first frequency modulation process.
  • the predetermined length of time may be set according to the predicted amount of active power margin.
  • the torque control refers to adjusting the torque reference value of the wind turbine
  • the pitch control refers to controlling the pitch angle of the wind turbine. That is to say, in the first frequency modulation process, the wind turbine outputs the first power by simultaneously controlling the rotor torque of the motor group and controlling the pitch angle of the wind turbine, so that the frequency change response speed can be accelerated by the torque control.
  • the pitch rotation kinetic energy can be supplemented by the pitch control to release or absorb the FM power to maintain the stable operation of the wind turbine for a long time.
  • the first torque reference value may be calculated according to the first power and the rotor speed of the wind turbine, and then the torque reference value of the wind turbine is adjusted to the first torque reference value.
  • the first torque reference value can be calculated by the above equation (2).
  • the present application does not limit the manner in which the first torque reference value is determined, and other methods may be used to determine the first torque reference value described above.
  • the maximum output limit and the minimum output limit of the existing PI controller for controlling the torque of the wind turbine can be set to the first torque reference value to wind the wind power.
  • the torque setpoint of the unit is adjusted to the first torque reference.
  • the target value of the existing PI controller for controlling the pitch angle of the wind turbine can be set to the first power to control the pitch angle of the wind turbine.
  • the frequency modulation is performed by the second frequency modulation process different from the first frequency modulation process, and the second frequency modulation process is:
  • the command value of the frequency change amount of the frequency modulation is performed to perform torque control for the wind turbine for a predetermined length of time.
  • the torque control here is similar to the torque control described above and will not be described here.
  • the second frequency modulation process when the wind power generator currently does not have an active power headroom value, may be performed according to a predetermined length of time.
  • the predetermined length of time represents the duration of the second frequency modulation process.
  • the predetermined length of time can be set by the user.
  • an instruction for determining the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation by comprehensively considering the active power headroom value and the current frequency of the wind turbine in the case where the current frequency of the power grid is less than the standard frequency of the power grid, an instruction for determining the power variation amount of the primary frequency modulation by comprehensively considering the active power headroom value and the current frequency of the wind turbine.
  • the primary frequency modulation method of the wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present application combined with the torque control and the pitch control, performs one frequency modulation, that is, the torque control can be used to accelerate the response of the unit to the grid frequency change, and at the same time, the pitch control can be controlled.
  • the ability to release or absorb rotational kinetic energy in supplemental torque control avoids rapid changes in unit speed, thus ensuring stable operation of the unit during one frequency modulation.
  • a computer readable storage medium is also provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the primary frequency modulation method as described above.
  • a computing device is also provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
  • the computing device includes a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store program instructions.
  • the program instructions are executed by a processor such that the processor executes a computer program of the primary frequency modulation method as described above.
  • each program module in the primary frequency modulation device may be implemented entirely by hardware, such as a field programmable gate array or an application specific integrated circuit; or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software; It is implemented entirely in software through a computer program.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种风电机组的一次调频方法，所述一次调频方法包括：检测电网的当前频率；当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率时，通过第一确定处理来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值，其中，第一确定处理包括：根据当前频率确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的参考值，当确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量时，对比所述参考值与风电机组的当前有功功率余量值，确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的指令值；基于所述功率变化量的指令值进行一次调频。

Description

风电机组的一次调频方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及风力发电系统的控制技术领域，更具体地讲，涉及一种风电机组的一次调频方法和设备。
背景技术
随着风电装机容量的不断提升，风电机组的运行特性对电力系统频率稳定性的影响也愈加明显。
由于机组经常处于限功率状态下运行，无法长时间处于最优发电状态，故需要一种能够在限功率状态下进行一次调频的控制技术。
申请内容
本申请提供一种风电机组的一次调频方法和设备，以增强风电机组的一次调频能力和系统的稳定性。
本申请的一方面提供一种风电机组的一次调频方法，所述一次调频方法包括：检测电网的当前频率；当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率时，通过第一确定处理来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值，其中，第一确定处理包括：根据当前频率确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的参考值，当确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量时，对比所述参考值与风电机组的当前有功功率余量值，确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的指令值；基于所述功率变化量的指令值进行一次调频。
本申请的另一方面提供一种风电机组的一次调频设备，所述一次调频设备包括：检测单元，检测电网的当前频率；确定单元，当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率时，通过第一确定处理来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值，其中，第一确定处理包括：根据当前频率确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的参考值，当确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量时，对比所述参考值与风电机组的当前有功功率余量值，确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的指令值；调频单元，基于所述功率变化量的指令值进行一次调频。
本申请的另一方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有当被处理器执行时使得处理器执行如上所述的一次调频方法的计算机程序。
本申请的另一方面提供一种计算装置，该计算装置包括：处理器；存储器，用于存储当被处理器执行使得处理器执行如上所述的一次调频方法的计算机程序。
附图说明
通过下面结合附图进行的详细描述，本申请的特点和优点将会变得更加清楚，其中：
图1是示出根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的一次调频方法的流程图；
图2至图3是示出根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的一次调频方法进行一次调频的仿真效果图；
图4是示出根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的一次调频设备的框图。
具体实施处理
下面参照附图详细描述本申请的实施例。
图1是示出根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的一次调频方法的流程图。
在步骤S10，检测电网的当前频率。这里，可实时地检测电网的当前频率。
在步骤S20，确定风电机组是否需要进入一次调频。
本申请不对确定风电机组是否需要进入一次调频的判断方式进行限制，可采用各种方式来确定风电机组是否需要进入一次调频。
作为示例，可计算电网的当前频率与电网标准频率之间的频率偏差，并确定所述频率偏差是否超出频率死区，通过确定所述频率偏差是否超出频率死区来确定是否需要进行一次调频。当所述频率偏差没有超出频率死区时，不需要进行一次调频，返回执行步骤S10，继续检测电网的当前频率。当所述频率偏差超出频率死区时，需要进行一次调频，执行步骤S30。
所述电网标准频率是指电网标准的交流供电频率。不同的国家或地区的电网标准频率可能不同，例如中国的电网标准频率为50HZ，美国的电网标准频率为60HZ。所述频率死区是指电网频率与电网标准频率之间的频率偏差允 许的波动范围。
在步骤S30，确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。在步骤S40，基于所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值控制风电机组进行一次调频。
在一些实施例中，一次调频的功率变化量的指令值是指，一次调频时，风电机组输出的有功功率给定值在风电机组的当前输出功率(即进入一次调频之前的输出功率)的基础上的变化量。
在现有技术中，一般将为平衡上述频率偏差所需要风电机组输出的功率的变化量(即一次调频的功率变化量的参考值，以下简称参考值)作为一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。在本申请中，当该参考值为正数时，即在一次调频时需要增加输出功率时，需结合有功功率余量值和该参考值来确定该指令值。
具体说来，在当前功率小于电网标准频率时，通过第一确定处理来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率时，说明电网系统的负载增加，需要风电机组相应地增加输出功率以平衡发电量与电网系统的负载量。
作为示例，第一确定处理包括：根据当前频率确定参考值，当确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值时，对比风电机组的当前有功功率余量值和参考值，确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。根据当前频率用于确定上述的参考值，后文将详细介绍确定方法。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，可通过各种方式来确定风电机组当前是否存在有功功率余量值。
作为示例，可通过检测风电机组的当前桨距角来确定风电机组当前是否存在有功功率余量值。例如，当风电机组的当前桨距角大于或等于启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值时，确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值，当风电机组的当前桨距角小于启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值时，确定风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值。由于风电机组的三个叶片的桨距角基本相同，因此，可将任意一个叶片当前的桨距角作为风电机组的当前桨距角，或者将三个叶片当前的桨距角的平均值作为风电机组的当前桨距角。
当风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值时，确定所述当前有功功率余量值，将所述参考值和所述有功功率余量值中的较小值作为所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。
具体说来，当有功功率余量值小于参考值时，说明风电机组当前的有功功率余量值无法满足为平衡上述频率偏差的要求，则应首先保证风电机组稳定运行，其次再最大限度的提供调频功率。因此，在这种情况下，一次调频的功率变化量的指令值应该为有功功率余量值。
当有功功率余量值大于或等于参考值时，说明当前机组有功功率余量值可以满足为平衡上述频率偏差的要求，则风电机组可以按照参考值提供调频功率。因此，在这样这种情况下，一次调频的功率变化量的指令值应该为参考值。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，可通过各种方式来确定风电机组的当前有功功率余量值。
作为示例，根据当前桨距角、比例积分(PI)控制器传递函数以及启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值确定所述当前有功功率余量值。该PI控制器传递函数指示有功功率余量值与当前桨距角以及所述最小值之间的对应关系。
作为示例，PI控制器传递函数可如式(1)所示。
Figure PCTCN2018095167-appb-000001
其中，ΔP pre表示有功功率余量值，K P表示比例系数，K i表示积分系数，β表示当前桨距角，β min表示启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值。
本申请不对确定当前有功功率余量值的方式进行限制，还可采用其他的方式来确定当前有功功率余量值。
以下将详细介绍根据当前频率确定上述的参考值的方法。
作为示例，可根据参考值与当前频率之间的映射关系来得到参考值。该映射关系可根据历史经验数据或实验数据获得，也可根据相应的电网导则来获得。本申请不对确定参考值的方式进行限制，还可采用其他的方式来确定上述的参考值。
在上述的第一确定处理中，当确定风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值时，可采用各种方式来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。例如，根据当前频率确定参考值，并将所述参考值作为一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。本申请不对确定上述指令值的方式进行限制，还可以采用其他的方式来确定上述的指令值。
在步骤S30中，当电网的当前频率大于电网标准频率时，说明电网系统的负载减小，需要风机相应地减少输出功率以平衡发电量与电网系统的负载 量，因此，并不需要有功功率余量值来参与一次调频。在这种情况下，可采用各种不同于第一确定方式的第二确定方式来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。例如，根据当前频率确定参考值，并将所述参考值作为一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。本申请不对第二确定方式进行限制，还可采用其他的方式来确定上述的指令值。
在确定一次调频功率的功率变化量的指令值后，根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值控制风电机组进行一次调频。也就是说，控制风电机组进行一次调频以使风电机组的输出功率为当前输出功率(即进入一次调频之前的输出功率)与该指令值的和(以下简称为第一功率)。
在一些实施例中，可按照现有的调频方式控制风电机组进行一次调频以使风电机组的输出第一功率，但现有的调频方式存在调频速度慢或者需要牺牲风电场的发电效益的问题。
在一个优选的实施例中，根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的调频方法还可对具体的调频方式进行改进。
例如，当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率且风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值时，或者，当电网的当前频率大于电网标准频率时，通过第一调频处理来进行一次调频，第一调频处理为：根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值对风电机组进行转矩控制和变桨控制。
在一些实施例中，根据预定时间长度进行第一调频处理。预定时间长度表示第一调频处理的持续时长。针对第一调频处理，该预定时间长度可根据预测的有功功率余量的多少来设置。有功功率余量可根据对风资源进行预测来进行预测。
这里，转矩控制是指调整风电机组的转矩给定值，变桨控制是指控制风电机组的桨距角。在第一调频处理中，通过同时控制电机组的转子转矩以及控制风电机组的桨距角来使风电机组输出第一功率，这样，既可通过转矩控制加快频率变化响应速度，又能通过变桨控制补充转子旋转动能释放或吸收调频功率从而维持风电机组较长时间的稳定运行。
在一些实施例中，可先根据第一功率以及风电机组的转子转速来计算出第一转矩给定值，再将风电机组的转矩给定值调整为第一转矩给定值。
可通过以下等式(2)来计算所述第一转矩给定值：
Figure PCTCN2018095167-appb-000002
其中，T f表示所述第一转矩给定值，P reference表示所述第一功率，Ω表示风电机组的转子的线速度。
本申请不对确定第一转矩给定值的方式进行限制，还可采用其他的方式来确定上述的第一转矩给定值。
为了减小设计的工作量，可将现有的用于控制风电机组转矩的PI控制器的最大输出限值和最小输出限值都设置为所述第一转矩给定值，来将风电机组的转矩给定值调整为第一转矩给定值。
为了减小设计的工作量，可将现有的用于控制风电机组的桨距角的PI控制器的目标值设置为所述第一功率，来控制风电机组的桨距角。
在一些实施例中当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率且风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值时，通过不同于第一调频处理的第二调频处理来进行一次调频，第二调频处理为：根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值对风电机组进行预定时间长度的转矩控制。
作为示例，当风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值时，可根据预定时间长度进行第二调频处理。该预定时间长度表示第二调频处理的持续时长。针对第二调频处理，该预定时间长度可由用户进行设定。
图2至图3是示出根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的一次调频方法进行一次调频的仿真效果图。
图2示出的是电网频率小于电网标准频率时，分别采用现有的一次调频方法和本申请的一次调频方法调频后，得到的功率变化曲线。如图2所示，采用现有的一次调频方法时，风电机组尽可能响应电网的一次调频指令，但备用惯量耗尽后，因为转子动能释放较多使得风电机组的功率快速下降，此时会对电网频率产生了二次污染；采用本申请的一次调频方法时，虽然响应速度较优化前稍微变慢，但是可以持续稳定地提供一定的功率提升。从提供总能量的角度上讲，只要风速保持相对稳定，采用本申请的一次调频方法时，风电机组可以持续提供能量，更为重要的是稳定的功率提升既可以避免对电网频率的二次污染，同时减缓了现有的功率快速下降对风电机组造成的疲劳损伤。
图3示出的是电网频率大于电网标准频率时，分别采用现有的一次调频 方法和本申请的一次调频方法调频后，得到的功率变化曲线。如图3所示，采用现有的一次调频方法时，由于只采用桨距角控制，响应较慢；而采用本申请的一次调频方法时，采用了桨距角控制和转矩控制相结合的方法，保证了风电机组响应的快速性和稳定性。
图4是示出根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的一次调频设备的框图。根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的一次调频设备包括检测单元10、判断单元20、确定单元30和调频单元40。
检测单元10检测电网的当前频率。检测可以是可实时的，也可以是定时的。
判断单元20确定风电机组是否需要进入一次调频。
本申请不对确定风电机组是否需要进入一次调频的方式进行限制，可采用各种方式来确定风电机组是否需要进入一次调频。
作为示例，可计算电网的当前频率与电网标准频率之间的频率偏差，并确定所述频率偏差是否超出频率死区，通过确定所述频率偏差是否超出频率死区来确定是否需要进行一次调频。当所述频率偏差没有超出频率死区时，不需要进行一次调频，检测单元10继续检测电网的当前频率。当所述频率偏差超出频率死区时，需要进行一次调频。
所述电网标准频率是指电网标准的交流供电频率。不同的国家或地区的电网标准频率可能不同，例如中国的电网标准频率为50HZ，美国的电网标准频率为60HZ。所述频率死区是指电网频率与电网标准频率之间的频率偏差允许的波动范围。
确定单元30确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。调频单元40基于所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值控制风电机组进行一次调频。
在一些实施例中，，一次调频的功率变化量的指令值是指，一次调频时，风电机组输出的有功功率给定值在风电机组的当前输出功率(即进入一次调频之前的输出功率)的基础上的变化量。
在现有技术中，一般将为平衡上述频率偏差所需要风电机组输出的功率的变化量(即一次调频的功率变化量的参考值，以下简称参考值)作为一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。在本申请中，当该参考值为正数时，即在一次调频时需要增加输出功率时，需结合有功功率余量值和该参考值来确定该指令值。
具体说来，在当前功率小于电网标准频率时，通过第一确定处理来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率时，说明电网系统的负载增加，需要风电机组相应地增加输出功率以平衡发电量与电网系统的负载量。
其中，第一确定处理包括：根据当前频率确定参考值，当确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值时，对比风电机组的当前有功功率余量值和参考值，确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。根据当前频率用于确定上述的参考值，后文将详细介绍确定方法。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，可通过各种方式来确定风电机组当前是否存在有功功率余量值。
作为示例，可通过检测风电机组的当前桨距角来确定风电机组当前是否存在有功功率余量值。例如，当风电机组的当前桨距角大于或等于启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值时，确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值，当风电机组的当前桨距角小于启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值时，确定风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值。由于风电机组的三个叶片的桨距角基本相同，因此，可将任意一个叶片当前的桨距角作为风电机组的当前桨距角，或者将三个叶片当前的桨距角的平均值作为风电机组的当前桨距角。
当风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值时，确定所述当前有功功率余量值，将所述参考值和所述有功功率余量值中的较小值作为所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。
具体说来，当有功功率余量值小于参考值时，说明风电机组当前的有功功率余量值无法满足平衡上述频率偏差需要风电机组输出的功率的变化量(即参考值)，则应首先保证风电机组稳定运行，其次再最大限度的提供调频功率。因此，在这种情况下，一次调频的功率变化量的指令值应该为有功功率余量值。
当有功功率余量值大于或等于参考值时，说明当前机组有功功率余量值可以满足平衡上述频率偏差需要风电机组输出的功率的变化量(即参考值)，则风电机组可以按照参考值提供调频功率。因此，在这样这种情况下，一次调频的功率变化量的指令值应该为参考值。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，可通过各种方式来确定风电机组的当前有功功率余量值。
作为示例，根据当前桨距角、比例积分(PI)控制器传递函数以及启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值确定所述当前有功功率余量值。该PI控制器传递函数指示有功功率余量值与当前桨距角以及所述最小值之间的对应关系。
作为示例，PI控制器传递函数可如上式(1)所示。
本申请不对确定当前有功功率余量值的方式进行限制，还可采用其他的方式来确定当前有功功率余量值。
以下将详细介绍根据当前频率确定上述的参考值的方法。
作为示例，可根据参考值与当前频率之间的映射关系来得到参考值。该映射关系可根据历史经验数据或实验数据获得，也可根据相应的电网导则来获得。本申请不对确定参考值的方式进行限制，还可采用其他的方式来确定上述的参考值。
在上述的第一确定处理中，当确定风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值时，可采用各种方式来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。例如，根据当前频率确定参考值，并将所述参考值作为一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。本申请不对确定上述指令值的方式进行限制，还可以采用其他的方式来确定上述的指令值。
当电网的当前频率大于电网标准频率时，说明电网系统的负载减小，需要风机相应地减少输出功率以平衡发电量与电网系统的负载量，因此，并不需要有功功率余量值来参与一次调频。在这种情况下，可采用各种不同于第一确定方式的第二确定方式来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。例如，根据当前频率确定参考值，并将所述参考值作为一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。本申请不对第二确定方式进行限制，还可采用其他的方式来确定上述的指令值。
在确定一次调频功率的功率变化量的指令值后，根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值控制风电机组进行一次调频。也就是说，控制风电机组进行一次调频以使风电机组的输出功率为当前输出功率(即进入一次调频之前的输出功率)与该指令值的和(以下简称为第一功率)。
在一些实施例中，可按照现有的调频方式控制风电机组进行一次调频以使风电机组的输出第一功率。但现有的调频方式存在调频速度慢或者需要牺牲风电场的发电效益的问题。
在一个优选的实施例中，根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的调频方法还 可对具体的调频方式进行改进。
例如，当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率且风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值时，或者，当电网的当前频率大于电网标准频率时，通过第一调频处理来进行一次调频，第一调频处理为：根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值对风电机组进行转矩控制和变桨控制。
在一个优选的实施例中，根据预定时间长度进行第一调频处理。预定时间长度表示第一调频处理的持续时长。针对第一调频处理，该预定时间长度可根据预测的有功功率余量的多少来设置。
这里，转矩控制是指调整风电机组的转矩给定值，变桨控制是指控制风电机组的桨距角。也就是说，在第一调频处理中，通过同时控制电机组的转子转矩以及控制风电机组的桨距角来使风电机组输出第一功率，这样，既可通过转矩控制加快频率变化响应速度，又能通过变桨控制补充转子旋转动能释放或吸收调频功率从而维持风电机组较长时间的稳定运行。
在一些实施例中，可先根据第一功率以及风电机组的转子转速来计算出第一转矩给定值，再将风电机组的转矩给定值调整为第一转矩给定值。
可通过上述的等式(2)来计算所述第一转矩给定值。
本申请不对确定第一转矩给定值的方式进行限制，还可采用其他的方式来确定上述的第一转矩给定值。
为了减小设计的工作量，可将现有的用于控制风电机组转矩的PI控制器的最大输出限值和最小输出限值都设置为所述第一转矩给定值，来将风电机组的转矩给定值调整为第一转矩给定值。
为了减小设计的工作量，可将现有的用于控制风电机组的桨距角的PI控制器的目标值设置为所述第一功率，来控制风电机组的桨距角。
再如，当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率且风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值时，通过不同于第一调频处理的第二调频处理来进行一次调频，第二调频处理为：根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值对风电机组进行预定时间长度的转矩控制。这里的转矩控制与上述的转矩控制类似，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，当风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值时，可根据预定时间长度进行第二调频处理。该预定时间长度表示第二调频处理的持续时长。针对第二调频处理，该预定时间长度可由用户进行设定。
根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的一次调频方法，在电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率的情况下，综合考虑风电机组的有功功率余量值和当前频率来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值，在确保风电机组稳定运行前提下使有功功率余量值最大限度地参与系统的一次调频过程，从而增强机组调频能力和系统稳定性，同时增加风电场电网辅助性收益。
此外，根据本申请的实施例的风电机组的一次调频方法，结合转矩控制和变桨控制进行一次调频，即能利用转矩控制加快机组对电网频率变化的响应，同时还能通过变桨控制补充转矩控制中旋转动能释放或吸收的能力，避免机组转速快速变化，从而在一次调频期间确保了机组稳定运行。
根据本申请的实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质。该计算机可读存储介质存储有当被处理器执行时使得处理器执行如上所述的一次调频方法的计算机程序。
根据本申请的实施例还提供一种计算装置。该计算装置包括处理器和存储器。存储器用于存储程序指令。所述程序指令被处理器执行使得处理器执行如上所述的一次调频方法的计算机程序。
此外，根据本申请的实施例的一次调频设备中的各个程序模块可完全由硬件来实现，例如现场可编程门阵列或专用集成电路；还可以由硬件和软件相结合的处理来实现；也可以完全通过计算机程序来以软件处理实现。
尽管已经参照其示例性实施例具体显示和描述了本申请，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，在不脱离权利要求所限定的本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可以对其进行形式和细节上的各种改变。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种风电机组的一次调频方法，其特征在于，所述一次调频方法包括：
    检测电网的当前频率；
    当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率时，通过第一确定处理来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值，
    其中，第一确定处理包括：根据当前频率确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的参考值，当确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量时，对比所述参考值与风电机组的当前有功功率余量值，确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的指令值；
    基于所述功率变化量的指令值进行一次调频。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一次调频方法，其特征在于，对比所述参考值与风电机组的当前有功功率余量值，确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的指令值包括：将所述参考值和所述有功功率余量值中的较小值作为所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一次调频方法，其特征在于，根据当前桨距角、比例积分控制器传递函数以及启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值确定所述当前有功功率余量值，
    其中，所述比例积分控制器传递函数指示有功功率余量值与当前桨距角以及所述最小值之间的对应关系。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一次调频方法，其特征在于，第一确定处理还包括：当确定风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量时，根据当前频率确定所述参考值，并将所述参考值作为一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的一次调频方法，其特征在于，根据当前频率确定所述参考值的步骤包括：根据所述参考值与当前频率之间的映射关系来得到所述参考值。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的一次调频方法，其特征在于，当风电机组的当前桨距角大于或等于启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值时，确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一次调频方法，其特征在于，基于所述功率变化量的指令值进行一次调频包括：当电网的当前频率小于标准频率且风电机组当前存在有功功率余量时，或者，当电网的当前频率大于标准频率时，通 过第一调频处理来进行一次调频，
    其中，第一调频处理为：根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值对风电机组进行转矩控制和变桨控制。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一次调频方法，其特征在于，基于所述功率变化量的指令值进行一次调频包括：当电网的当前频率小于标准频率且风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值时，通过第二调频处理来进行一次调频，
    其中，第二调频处理为：根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值对风电机组进行转矩控制。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一次调频方法，其特征在于，根据预定时间长度进行所述第一调频处理或第二调频处理。
  10. 一种风电机组的一次调频设备，其特征在于，所述一次调频设备包括：
    检测单元，检测电网的当前频率；
    确定单元，当电网的当前频率小于电网标准频率时，通过第一确定处理来确定一次调频的功率变化量的指令值，
    其中，第一确定处理包括：根据当前频率确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的参考值，当确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量时，对比所述参考值与风电机组的当前有功功率余量值，确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的指令值；
    调频单元，基于所述功率变化量的指令值进行一次调频。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一次调频设备，其特征在于，对比所述参考值与风电机组的当前有功功率余量值，确定用于一次调频的功率变化量的指令值包括：将所述参考值和所述有功功率余量值中的较小值作为所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的一次调频设备，其特征在于，确定单元根据当前桨距角、比例积分控制器传递函数以及启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值确定所述当前有功功率余量值，
    其中，所述比例积分控制器传递函数指示有功功率余量值与当前桨距角以及所述最小值之间的对应关系。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的一次调频设备，其特征在于，第一确定处理还包括：当确定风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量时，根据当前频率确定所述参考值，并将所述参考值作为一次调频的功率变化量的指令值。
  14. 根据权利要求10至13任一所述的一次调频设备，其特征在于，确定单元根据所述参考值与当前频率之间的映射关系来得到所述参考值。
  15. 根据权利要求10至13任一所述的一次调频设备，其特征在于，确定单元当风电机组的当前桨距角大于或等于启动变桨控制的桨距角的最小值时，确定风电机组当前存在有功功率余量值。
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的一次调频设备，其特征在于，基于所述功率变化量的指令值进行一次调频包括：当电网的当前频率小于标准频率且风电机组当前存在有功功率余量时，或者，当电网的当前频率大于标准频率时，通过第一调频处理来进行一次调频，
    其中，第一调频处理为：根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值对风电机组进行转矩控制和变桨控制。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的一次调频设备，其特征在于，基于所述功率变化量的指令值进行一次调频包括：当电网的当前频率小于标准频率且风电机组当前不存在有功功率余量值时，通过第二调频处理来进行一次调频，
    其中，第二调频处理为：根据所述一次调频的功率变化量的指令值对风电机组进行转矩控制。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的一次调频设备，其特征在于，调频单元根据预定时间长度进行所述第一调频处理或第二调频处理。
  19. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有当被处理器执行时使得处理器执行如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的一次调频方法的计算机程序。
  20. 一种计算装置，包括：
    处理器；
    存储器，用于存储当被处理器执行使得处理器执行如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的一次调频方法的计算机程序。
PCT/CN2018/095167 2018-01-31 2018-07-10 风电机组的一次调频方法和设备 Ceased WO2019148771A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES18867306T ES2895483T3 (es) 2018-01-31 2018-07-10 Método y aparato para el control de frecuencia primaria de aerogenerador
AU2018353933A AU2018353933B2 (en) 2018-01-31 2018-07-10 Primary frequency modulation method and device for wind turbine
US16/345,119 US11002249B2 (en) 2018-01-31 2018-07-10 Primary frequency modulation method and device for wind turbine
EP18867306.5A EP3540896B1 (en) 2018-01-31 2018-07-10 Method and apparatus for primary frequency control of wind power generator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810098153.2A CN110098622B (zh) 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 风电机组的一次调频方法和设备
CN201810098153.2 2018-01-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019148771A1 true WO2019148771A1 (zh) 2019-08-08

Family

ID=67437238

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/095167 Ceased WO2019148771A1 (zh) 2018-01-31 2018-07-10 风电机组的一次调频方法和设备

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11002249B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3540896B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN110098622B (zh)
AU (1) AU2018353933B2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2895483T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2019148771A1 (zh)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111525593A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-11 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 一种风电场一次调频参数拟合方法及系统
CN115173438A (zh) * 2022-09-08 2022-10-11 西安热工研究院有限公司 可控高压厂用飞轮储能辅助火电的调频系统及方法
CN115492718A (zh) * 2022-08-26 2022-12-20 重庆海装风电工程技术有限公司 用于一次调频的有功功率控制方法、系统、设备及介质
CN115833274A (zh) * 2022-12-30 2023-03-21 东南大学 一种考虑机组历史疲劳载荷的风电场调频功率分配方法
CN115995825A (zh) * 2022-09-19 2023-04-21 东北电力大学 一种计及调频死区的风储联合频率控制方法
CN117332602A (zh) * 2023-10-18 2024-01-02 华北电力大学 一种风力发电机一次调频模拟方法及装置

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110778368B (zh) * 2019-11-11 2022-04-12 中国神华能源股份有限公司国华电力分公司 汽轮发电机组调频方法与装置
CN111404176B (zh) * 2019-11-21 2021-07-13 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 一种风电场智能调频控制方法
CN110943464B (zh) * 2019-12-06 2022-06-14 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司 一种优化一次调频响应时间的方法
CN113452034B (zh) * 2020-03-26 2022-09-02 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 一次调频的方法、装置及系统
CN111416364B (zh) * 2020-04-14 2023-06-02 三峡大学 考虑实际风速特性的风电场变协同调频控制方法
CN111523818B (zh) * 2020-04-28 2022-12-09 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种基于试验信息的火电机组一次调频性能评估方法
CN111900743B (zh) * 2020-07-28 2021-11-16 南京东博智慧能源研究院有限公司 一种风电调频潜力预测误差分布估计方法
CN112003299B (zh) * 2020-08-11 2025-09-16 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 一种电力系统的一次调频协调控制方法及系统
CN111946548B (zh) * 2020-08-18 2023-05-23 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 一种可变桨距风力发电系统具备一次调频功能的控制方法
ES3037013T3 (en) 2020-11-13 2025-09-26 Vestas Wind Sys As Controlling a power plant comprising wind turbines during grid frequency deviation
CN117099282A (zh) 2021-01-21 2023-11-21 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 用于在频率偏离期间增强有功功率控制的方法和系统
CN113328459A (zh) * 2021-03-31 2021-08-31 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 风电场的一次调频控制方法及设备
CN113219278B (zh) * 2021-04-20 2023-06-23 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 新能源场站一次调频测试系统及方法
CN113517703B (zh) * 2021-04-27 2023-04-28 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 一种风电机组参与区域电网小干扰频率调节的方法
CN113533849B (zh) * 2021-06-15 2024-05-03 云南电力试验研究院(集团)有限公司 一种新能源场站调频装置防扰动测试方法
CN113794210B (zh) * 2021-08-27 2023-06-16 深圳市禾望电气股份有限公司 一种新能源场站一次调频和惯量响应协调控制方法
CN114165387B (zh) * 2021-11-05 2023-06-02 燕山大学 大功率等级的储能式液压型风电机组调频控制系统及方法
CN114069655B (zh) * 2021-11-16 2024-11-15 辽宁东科电力有限公司 一种风电场一次调频、二次调频协调控制方法
CN116264405A (zh) * 2021-12-14 2023-06-16 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 风电机组的有功功率控制方法、装置及系统
CN115189366B (zh) * 2022-06-14 2026-01-30 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 风力发电机组一次调频控制的方法及装置
CN115370537B (zh) * 2022-10-25 2023-02-28 山东大学 基于雷达前馈控制的风电调频载荷优化控制方法及系统
CN115498660B (zh) * 2022-11-17 2023-04-07 华北电力大学 风电场调频动态建模方法、装置及电子设备
CN119844174B (zh) * 2025-02-12 2026-01-06 大唐三门峡电力有限责任公司 一种闭环的一次调频控制方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1275822A2 (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-15 Pecom Energia S.A. Primary frequency regulation method in combined-cycle steam turbines
CN103441722A (zh) * 2013-08-14 2013-12-11 国家电网公司 一种双馈风电机组的有功控制方法
CN106300394A (zh) * 2016-11-04 2017-01-04 中国电力科学研究院 一种新能源电站的一次调频控制方法及系统

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2327486B1 (es) 2008-03-14 2010-07-14 Ingeteam Energy, S.A. Metodo de operacion de una turbina eolica para garantizar regulacion primaria o secundaria en una red electrica.
US8219256B2 (en) * 2009-07-14 2012-07-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Bang-bang controller and control method for variable speed wind turbines during abnormal frequency conditions
JP5550283B2 (ja) 2009-08-06 2014-07-16 三菱重工業株式会社 風力発電装置、風力発電装置の制御方法、風力発電システム及び風力発電システムの制御方法
ES2410431B1 (es) * 2010-06-04 2014-06-17 Acciona Windpower, S.A. Procedimiento para controlar la potencia activa generada por una central de generación distribuida; aerogenerador para llevar a cabo dicho procedimiento; y parque e�lico que comprende dicho aerogenerador
BRPI1100051A2 (pt) * 2011-02-28 2016-05-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd gerador de turbina eólica, e, método para controlar para controlar um gerador de turbina eólica.
US9728969B2 (en) * 2011-05-31 2017-08-08 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Systems and methods for generating an inertial response to a change in the voltage of an electricial grid
CN103732914B (zh) * 2011-07-21 2016-05-18 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 风力涡轮机操作方法及其控制器
WO2013167142A1 (en) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-14 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind power plant frequency control
CN102709906B (zh) * 2012-05-14 2015-04-01 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 适用于含柴储孤立微电网的频率分层协调控制方法
US20160160839A1 (en) * 2014-12-09 2016-06-09 State Grid Corporation Of China Method for controlling inertia response of variable-speed wind turbine generator
CN106374496B (zh) 2016-09-14 2019-06-28 东北电力大学 双馈风电机组-储能系统模拟同步机调频特性控制策略
CN106655206A (zh) * 2016-11-30 2017-05-10 华北电力大学 一种基于风电机组的电网调控方法及装置
CN107152377B (zh) * 2017-07-18 2019-04-09 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 对风力发电机组的输出功率进行控制的方法和设备
CN107370177A (zh) * 2017-07-18 2017-11-21 国网新疆电力公司电力科学研究院 变速风力发电机组一次调频控制装置及使用方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1275822A2 (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-15 Pecom Energia S.A. Primary frequency regulation method in combined-cycle steam turbines
CN103441722A (zh) * 2013-08-14 2013-12-11 国家电网公司 一种双馈风电机组的有功控制方法
CN106300394A (zh) * 2016-11-04 2017-01-04 中国电力科学研究院 一种新能源电站的一次调频控制方法及系统

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111525593A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-11 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 一种风电场一次调频参数拟合方法及系统
CN115492718A (zh) * 2022-08-26 2022-12-20 重庆海装风电工程技术有限公司 用于一次调频的有功功率控制方法、系统、设备及介质
CN115173438A (zh) * 2022-09-08 2022-10-11 西安热工研究院有限公司 可控高压厂用飞轮储能辅助火电的调频系统及方法
CN115995825A (zh) * 2022-09-19 2023-04-21 东北电力大学 一种计及调频死区的风储联合频率控制方法
CN115833274A (zh) * 2022-12-30 2023-03-21 东南大学 一种考虑机组历史疲劳载荷的风电场调频功率分配方法
CN117332602A (zh) * 2023-10-18 2024-01-02 华北电力大学 一种风力发电机一次调频模拟方法及装置
CN117332602B (zh) * 2023-10-18 2024-04-19 华北电力大学 一种风力发电机一次调频模拟方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2018353933B2 (en) 2021-03-11
CN110098622B (zh) 2021-04-13
US20190338752A1 (en) 2019-11-07
EP3540896A1 (en) 2019-09-18
EP3540896A4 (en) 2020-07-29
US11002249B2 (en) 2021-05-11
ES2895483T3 (es) 2022-02-21
AU2018353933A1 (en) 2019-08-15
CN110098622A (zh) 2019-08-06
EP3540896B1 (en) 2021-09-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2019148771A1 (zh) 风电机组的一次调频方法和设备
CN108350862B (zh) 使用模型预测控制的风力涡轮机的电力增强
CN108242814B (zh) 变速变频风电机组的一次调频方法和设备
CN110552850B (zh) 一种基于风速提前测量的风电机组有功调节方法及装置
CN110429668A (zh) 减载风电机组变速变桨协调优化频率控制方法
CN108631362B (zh) 一种风电场功率控制方法
CN107947195B (zh) 一种大型风力发电机组的调频方法及装置
US20250172121A1 (en) Applying wind turbine yaw moment via pitching
WO2023092783A1 (zh) 一种可抑制多扰动因素的风机模糊自适应变桨距控制方法
WO2019015255A1 (zh) 对风力发电机组的输出功率进行控制的方法和设备
CN111594384B (zh) 一种对电压源型风电机组的控制方法及主控系统
US11566602B2 (en) Method and apparatus for controlling noise of multiple wind turbines
US11624349B2 (en) Method and apparatus for controlling noise of wind turbine
WO2025111812A1 (zh) 调频控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质
JP2023088263A5 (zh)
CN110768271A (zh) 考虑风速变化的模糊变参数虚拟惯性控制方法
CN107528511B (zh) 一种风力发电机恒功率控制方法与装置
CN114215688B (zh) 风电机组最大功率跟踪控制方法、装置、设备和存储介质
WO2025000746A1 (zh) 偏航控制方法、装置、控制器及风力发电机组
CN115459305A (zh) 一种风机变桨减载调频的一次调频控制方法及装置
CN114884086A (zh) 基于风储系统的控制方法、装置、设备和存储介质
CN112943530B (zh) 风力发电机组的控制方法及其装置
CN111244976A (zh) 一种基于飞轮储能的发电调节方法及设备
CN111786395A (zh) 一种风电机组出力调节方法及装置
CN116914199B (zh) 燃料电池工作参数控制方法、用电设备和电子设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2018867306

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20190424

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2018353933

Country of ref document: AU

Date of ref document: 20180710

Kind code of ref document: A

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18867306

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE