WO2019169642A1 - 光纤放大器及光纤放大器的增益调节方法 - Google Patents

光纤放大器及光纤放大器的增益调节方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019169642A1
WO2019169642A1 PCT/CN2018/078639 CN2018078639W WO2019169642A1 WO 2019169642 A1 WO2019169642 A1 WO 2019169642A1 CN 2018078639 W CN2018078639 W CN 2018078639W WO 2019169642 A1 WO2019169642 A1 WO 2019169642A1
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Prior art keywords
control signal
power
wavelength
optical
fiber amplifier
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PCT/CN2018/078639
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王元武
常志文
尤国东
赵臻青
陈飞
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111340116.6A priority Critical patent/CN114204994B/zh
Priority to CN201880048014.7A priority patent/CN110945801B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/078639 priority patent/WO2019169642A1/zh
Priority to EP18909105.1A priority patent/EP3754870B1/en
Publication of WO2019169642A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019169642A1/zh
Priority to US17/014,407 priority patent/US11128384B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/407,479 priority patent/US11671179B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
    • H04B10/67—Optical arrangements in the receiver
    • H04B10/671—Optical arrangements in the receiver for controlling the input optical signal
    • H04B10/672—Optical arrangements in the receiver for controlling the input optical signal for controlling the power of the input optical signal
    • H04B10/673—Optical arrangements in the receiver for controlling the input optical signal for controlling the power of the input optical signal using an optical preamplifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
    • H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
    • H04B10/0797—Monitoring line amplifier or line repeater equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10069—Memorized or pre-programmed characteristics, e.g. look-up table [LUT]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/23—Arrangements of two or more lasers not provided for in groups H01S3/02 - H01S3/22, e.g. tandem arrangements of separate active media
    • H01S3/2308—Amplifier arrangements, e.g. MOPA
    • H01S3/2316—Cascaded amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/293—Signal power control
    • H04B10/294—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/293—Signal power control
    • H04B10/294—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation
    • H04B10/2941—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation using an equalising unit, e.g. a filter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/293—Signal power control
    • H04B10/294—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation
    • H04B10/2942—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation using automatic gain control [AGC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0221—Power control, e.g. to keep the total optical power constant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
    • H01S2301/04—Gain spectral shaping, flattening
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H01S3/06758—Tandem amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
    • H01S3/1301—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude in optical amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
    • H01S3/1301—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude in optical amplifiers
    • H01S3/13013—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude in optical amplifiers by controlling the optical pumping

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical communication technologies, and in particular, to a gain adjustment method for a fiber amplifier and a fiber amplifier.
  • Fiber amplifiers are widely used in the field of optical communication and optical sensing technology.
  • the fiber amplifier includes a semiconductor optical amplifier, a rare earth doped fiber amplifier, and the like.
  • a rare earth doped fiber amplifier such as an erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)
  • EDFA erbium doped fiber amplifier
  • WDM wavelength division multiplexing
  • the gain curve of this type of fiber amplifier is not flat. That is to say, when optical signals of different wavelengths pass through the fiber amplifier of this type, their gains are different, and the optical signals corresponding to the lower gain wavelengths are also lower. As a result, the corresponding bit error rate is high, and even affects the transmission performance of the entire system. Therefore, how to adjust the gain curve of the fiber amplifier becomes an important technical problem.
  • GFF gain flattening filter
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a gain adjustment method for a fiber amplifier and an optical fiber amplifier, which can separately adjust power of each wavelength in the optical fiber amplifier, and adjust the gain curve of the optical fiber amplifier to a wavelength level, thereby improving the optical fiber amplifier.
  • the adjustment accuracy of the gain curve is a gain adjustment method for a fiber amplifier and an optical fiber amplifier, which can separately adjust power of each wavelength in the optical fiber amplifier, and adjust the gain curve of the optical fiber amplifier to a wavelength level, thereby improving the optical fiber amplifier.
  • an embodiment of the present application discloses an optical fiber amplifier, including: a first power amplifier, a wavelength level adjuster, and a controller; the first power amplifier and the wavelength level adjuster are sequentially connected, or a wavelength level adjuster and the first power amplifier are sequentially connected; the controller includes a first input end and a control output end, the first input end is configured to receive an input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier, the control output The end is configured to output a first amplification control signal to the first power amplifier, and output an adjustment control signal to the wavelength level regulator; the wavelength level adjuster is configured to perform each wavelength separately according to the adjustment control signal Power regulation.
  • the controller may calculate a first amplification control signal and an adjustment control signal according to the input optical signal received by the first input, where the adjustment control signal may control the wavelength level adjuster for each wavelength respectively.
  • the power adjustment is performed, thereby achieving the effect of single-wave gain adjustment on the gain curve of the fiber amplifier, and improving the adjustment precision of the gain curve of the fiber amplifier.
  • the controller includes: a first storage module and a first computing module; and the first storage module is configured to store a gain of the first power amplifier a characteristic parameter, a control characteristic parameter of the wavelength level adjuster, target output optical power information of the optical fiber amplifier, the first calculating module, configured to be used according to the storage content of the first storage module and the optical fiber amplifier The optical power of each wavelength in the optical signal is input, and the first amplification control signal and the adjustment control signal are calculated.
  • the controller may further include a second input, where the second input is configured to receive The output optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier; the first calculating module is further configured to: when the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is greater than a second calculation threshold, according to Calculating a second amplification control signal and a secondary adjustment control signal by using the stored content of the first storage module and the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal; the control output is further configured to output the second Sub-amplifying the control signal to the first power amplifier, and outputting the secondary adjustment control signal to the wavelength level regulator.
  • the wavelength level adjuster is further configured to perform power adjustment for each wavelength according to the secondary adjustment control signal.
  • the second input end is added, and the first computing module may be at a difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power.
  • the second amplification control signal and the secondary adjustment control signal are calculated according to the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal, and the secondary adjustment control signal can control the wavelength level adjuster for each The power is adjusted again until the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is less than the second calculation threshold, so that the power of the output optical signal is closer to the target output optical power, thereby improving the optical fiber amplifier.
  • the adjustment accuracy of the gain curve is provided again until the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is less than the second calculation threshold, so that the power of the output optical signal is closer to the target output optical power, thereby improving the optical fiber amplifier.
  • the foregoing optical fiber amplifier further includes a second power amplifier; the first power amplifier, the wavelength level adjuster and the second power amplifier are sequentially connected; The control output is further configured to output a second amplification control signal to the second power amplifier.
  • the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier can be used as a preamplifier and a power amplifier, respectively, in conjunction with a wavelength level regulator to adjust the gain curve of the fiber amplifier.
  • the controller includes: a second storage module and a second computing module; the second storage a module for storing gain characteristic parameters of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier, a regulation characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator, a target output optical power of the optical fiber amplifier, and a second calculation module And calculating, according to the stored content of the second storage module and the optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier, the first amplification control signal, the second amplification control signal, and the adjustment control signal .
  • the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier are configured to amplify the optical power of different wavelengths according to the first amplification control signal, and the wavelength level adjuster performs power on different wavelengths according to the adjustment control signal. Insert damage.
  • the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier, and the wavelength level regulator interact to achieve adjustment of the fiber amplifier gain curve.
  • the controller may further include a second input, where the second input is configured to receive The output optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier; the second calculating module is further configured to: when the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is greater than a second calculation threshold, according to Calculating, by the stored content of the second storage module and the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal, a third amplification control signal, a fourth amplification control signal, and a secondary adjustment control signal; the control output end, And is further configured to output the third amplification control signal to the first power amplifier, output the fourth amplification control signal to the second power amplifier, and output the secondary adjustment control signal to the wavelength level regulator
  • the wavelength level adjuster is further configured to perform power adjustment for each wavelength according to the secondary adjustment control signal.
  • the second input end is added, and the second computing module may be at a difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power.
  • the third amplification control signal, the fourth amplification control signal and the secondary adjustment control signal are calculated according to the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal, and the secondary adjustment control signal.
  • the wavelength level adjuster can be controlled to perform power adjustment again for each wavelength until the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is less than a secondary calculation threshold, so that the power of the output optical signal and the target output light are made. The power is closer, which improves the adjustment accuracy of the gain curve of the fiber amplifier.
  • the wavelength level adjuster includes: dispersion a module, a wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module and an aggregation module; the dispersion module, the wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module and the aggregation module are sequentially connected; and the dispersion module is configured to spatially separate the multi-wavelength optical signals; The aggregation module is configured to spatially aggregate the optical signals of multiple wavelengths; the wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module is configured to perform power adjustment for each wavelength according to the adjustment control signal.
  • the dispersive module spatially separates the multi-wavelength optical signals, which is beneficial for the wavelength level adjuster to perform power adjustment for each wavelength, and the aggregation module can re-aggregate the separated optical signals for subsequent transmission.
  • the wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module is a silicon-based liquid crystal LCOS chip, a microelectromechanical MEMS component or a liquid crystal LC component.
  • the wavelength level adjuster further includes a first beam shaping module and a second beam shaping module; a first beam shaping module, the dispersion module, the wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module, the aggregation module and the second beam shaping module are sequentially connected; the first beam shaping module and the second beam shaping Module for beam focusing and collimation.
  • an embodiment of the present application discloses a gain adjustment method for a fiber amplifier, the method being applied to the first aspect, or the second alternative implementation of the first aspect, or the third aspect of the first aspect
  • An optional implementation, or any one of the fiber amplifiers disclosed in the fourth alternative implementation of the first aspect comprising: receiving an input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier; and inputting according to the optical fiber amplifier Calculating the optical signal to obtain a first amplification control signal and an adjustment control signal, wherein the adjustment control signal is used to control the wavelength level adjuster to perform power adjustment for each wavelength respectively; and output the first amplification control signal to the A first power amplifier outputs an adjustment control signal to the wavelength level regulator.
  • the calculation is performed according to the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier, and the obtained adjustment control signal can control the wavelength level adjuster to respectively adjust the power of each wavelength, thereby realizing the gain curve of the optical fiber amplifier.
  • the effect of single-wave gain adjustment improves the adjustment accuracy of the gain curve of the fiber amplifier.
  • the calculating, according to the optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier, obtaining the first amplification control signal and the adjustment control signal including: Calculating the first amplification control by the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier, the regulation characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator, the target output optical power of the optical fiber amplifier, and the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier a signal and the adjustment control signal.
  • the outputting the first amplification control signal to the first power amplifier, the output adjustment After the control signal to the wavelength level adjuster the method further includes: receiving an output optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier; an absolute value of a difference between a power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is greater than two In the case of calculating the threshold value, the control characteristic parameter of the wavelength level adjuster, the target output optical power of the optical fiber amplifier, and each wavelength of the output optical signal according to a gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier The optical power is calculated to obtain a second amplification control signal and a secondary adjustment control signal; the second amplification control signal is output to the first power amplifier, and the secondary adjustment control signal is output to the wavelength level regulator.
  • the second amplification control is calculated according to the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal.
  • a signal and a secondary adjustment control signal wherein the secondary adjustment control signal can control the wavelength level adjuster to perform power adjustment again for each wavelength until the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is less than twice Until the threshold is calculated, the power of the output optical signal is made closer to the target output optical power, which improves the adjustment accuracy of the gain curve of the optical fiber amplifier.
  • the method is applied to any of the fiber amplifiers disclosed in the first alternative implementation of the first aspect, the method further comprising: The optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier is calculated to obtain a second amplified control signal; and the second amplified control signal is outputted to the second power amplifier.
  • the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier respectively perform optical power amplification on different wavelengths according to the first amplification control signal and the second amplification control signal.
  • the first amplification control signal and the second amplification control signal respectively control the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier to amplify optical power of different wavelengths
  • the adjustment control signal controls the wavelength level regulator according to the adjustment control
  • the signal is power-interpolated for different wavelengths.
  • the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier, and the wavelength level regulator interact to achieve adjustment of the fiber amplifier gain curve.
  • the outputting the first amplification control signal to the first power amplifier, the output adjustment After the control signal is applied to the wavelength level regulator, after outputting the second amplification control signal to the second power amplifier further includes: receiving an output optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier; In the case where the absolute value of the difference between the power and the target output optical power is greater than the second calculation threshold, the regulation of the wavelength level adjuster according to the gain characteristic parameters of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier a characteristic parameter, a target output optical power of the optical fiber amplifier, and an optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal, and a third amplification control signal, a fourth amplification control signal, and a secondary adjustment control signal are calculated; And amplifying the control signal to the first power amplifier, outputting the fourth amplification control signal to the second power amplifier, and outputting the second The control signal is adjusted to the wavelength level regulator.
  • the third amplification is calculated according to the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal.
  • the secondary adjustment control signal can control the wavelength level adjuster to perform power adjustment again for each wavelength until the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power.
  • the absolute value of the difference is less than the second calculation threshold, so that the power of the output optical signal is closer to the target output optical power, and the adjustment accuracy of the gain curve of the optical fiber amplifier is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber amplifier disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a wavelength level adjuster disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of another wavelength level adjuster according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 4A is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber amplifier disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • 4B is a schematic structural diagram of another optical fiber amplifier disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a gain adjustment method of an optical fiber amplifier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a gain adjustment process of an optical fiber amplifier disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of another method for adjusting a gain of an optical fiber amplifier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • This application is primarily directed to rare earth doped fiber amplifiers, such as EDFAs. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that as technology advances, the techniques of the present application are also applicable to other rare earth doped fiber amplifiers being developed or to be developed. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a gain flattening filter (GFF) is built in the fiber amplifier, and the optical power of each wavelength of the fiber amplifier is applied to the optical fiber amplifier through the insertion loss curve of the GFF, so that the gain corresponding to different wavelengths in the optical fiber amplifier is generated to a certain extent. Attenuation, which allows adjustment of the gain curve of the fiber amplifier.
  • GFF gain flattening filter
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a gain adjustment method for the optical fiber amplifier and the optical fiber amplifier, which are respectively described in detail below.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber amplifier disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical fiber amplifier comprises: a first power amplifier 101, a wavelength level adjuster 102 and a controller 103; the first power amplifier 101 and the wavelength level adjuster 102 are sequentially connected, wherein the input end of the first power amplifier That is, the input end of the fiber amplifier, the output end of the wavelength level regulator is the output end of the fiber amplifier, the controller includes a first input terminal I1 and a control output terminal O, and the first input terminal I1 is used to receive the input of the fiber amplifier.
  • control output terminal O is configured to output a first amplification control signal to the first power amplifier 101, and output an adjustment control signal to the wavelength level adjuster 102; the wavelength level adjuster 102 is configured to respectively adjust the control signal according to the adjustment signal Power adjustment is performed for each wavelength.
  • connection order of the first power amplifier 101 and the wavelength level adjuster 102 described above may be interchanged, that is, the wavelength level adjuster 102 and the first power amplifier 101 are sequentially connected. This application does not limit this.
  • the first power amplifier 101 may include a pump source and a doped fiber, and the pump source is disposed upstream or downstream of the doped fiber along the optical signal transmission direction, and the pump source may be one or more.
  • the pump source may be one or more.
  • the wavelength level adjuster 102 performs power adjustment for each wavelength according to the adjustment control signal, which means that the wavelength level adjuster realizes power adjustment for each wavelength by generating different insertion loss for each wavelength. . That is, the optical signals carrying different wavelengths are subjected to power amplification of the corresponding multiples according to the gain characteristic parameters of the first power amplifier, and the wavelength level adjuster generates different insertion loss values for the optical signals of different wavelengths, and the insertion loss value acts on the first power. The optical power of each wavelength of the amplifier is output, thereby achieving the effect of power adjustment for each wavelength.
  • the controller may calculate the foregoing according to the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier, the control characteristic parameter of the wavelength level adjuster, the target output optical power information of the optical fiber amplifier, and the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier.
  • the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier may be a power amplification factor of the first power amplifier for each wavelength; the control characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator may be a relationship parameter between the insertion loss of each wavelength and the adjustment control signal.
  • the optical fiber amplifier disclosed in this embodiment can calculate a first amplification control signal and an adjustment control signal according to the input optical signal received by the first input, and the first amplification control signal can control the first power amplifier. Power amplification is performed for each wavelength, and the adjustment control signal can control the wavelength level adjuster to perform insertion loss adjustment for each wavelength respectively, and the effect of the insertion loss adjustment acts on the optical power of each wavelength of the optical fiber amplifier, thereby realizing
  • the gain curve of the fiber amplifier performs the single-wave gain adjustment effect, which improves the adjustment precision of the gain curve of the fiber amplifier.
  • the gain curve of the optical fiber amplifier disclosed in this embodiment can be adjusted to be relatively flat, thereby improving the flatness of the system, releasing the flat margin designed in the system specification, and reducing the dynamic gain equalizer (DGE) site. .
  • DGE dynamic gain equalizer
  • GFF is built in the fiber amplifier to realize the adjustment of the gain curve of the fiber amplifier.
  • the GFF has a small insertion loss adjustment range, and often needs to be equipped with a variable optical attenuator (VOA) for insertion loss adjustment.
  • VOA variable optical attenuator
  • the wavelength level adjuster of the optical fiber amplifier disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention has a large insertion loss adjustment range, and can eliminate the VOA originally used together, and independently adjust the insertion and loss of the optical power of each wavelength.
  • the optical fiber amplifier disclosed in this embodiment can achieve the effect of single-wave gain adjustment, when the existing network implements the addition of the wave, the insertion loss value of some waves can be controlled correspondingly, and the power jitter is effectively suppressed.
  • the controller 103 includes: a first storage module 1031 and a first calculation module 1032.
  • the first storage module 1031 is configured to store a gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier, where the wavelength level is The control characteristic parameter of the regulator and the target output optical power information of the optical fiber amplifier; the first calculating module 1032, configured to calculate the first amplification control signal according to the storage content of the storage module and the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier And the above adjustment control signal.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier may be a power amplification factor of each wavelength of the first power amplifier;
  • the control characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator may be a relationship parameter between the insertion loss of each wavelength and the adjustment control signal,
  • a wavelength level regulator including an LCOS chip may have a control characteristic parameter, which may be a relationship parameter between an output deflection angle of each wavelength signal and a driving voltage.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a wavelength level adjuster disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wavelength level adjuster 102 includes a dispersion module 1021, a wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module 1022, and an aggregation module 1023.
  • the chromatic dispersion module 1021, the wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module 1022 and the aggregation module 1023 are sequentially connected; the chromatic dispersion module 1021 is configured to spatially separate the optical signals of multiple wavelengths; and the aggregation module 1023 is configured to perform optical signals of multiple wavelengths. Spatial aggregation; the wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module 1022 is configured to perform power adjustment for each wavelength according to the adjustment control signal.
  • the dispersing module 1021 may include an optical element having a dispersion characteristic such as a grating or a prism, and spatially separating the optical signals of multiple wavelengths, that is, spatially separating the optical signals of different wavelengths, which is more advantageous for the wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module.
  • the above-mentioned aggregation module 1023 may include a reverse-disposed dispersion element that spatially aggregates optical signals of multiple wavelengths, that is, spatially aggregates optical signals of different wavelengths.
  • the wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module 1022 may include an LCOS chip, a MEMS element or an LC element, etc., which can control its optical power loss for each wavelength by a control signal.
  • different driving voltages are loaded on the LCOS chip, and different wavelengths can be controlled to perform corresponding angular rotation, so that the output direction of the optical signal forms a certain angle deviation from the receiving port, thereby realizing adjustment of different insertion loss of different wavelengths.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of another wavelength level adjuster disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the wavelength level adjuster 102' in the figure further includes a first beam shaping module 1024' and a second beam shaping module 1025' compared to the wavelength level adjuster 102 shown in FIG. 3A; the first beam shaping module 1024', dispersion Module 1021', wavelength level insertion loss adjustment module 1022', aggregation module 1023' and second beam shaping module 1025' are sequentially connected; the first beam shaping module 1024' and the second beam shaping module 1025' are used for beam focusing and Collimation, which may include elements such as lenses, prisms, etc. that have beam focusing and collimation functions.
  • the controller 103 includes not only the first input terminal I1, the control output terminal O, but also the second input terminal I2.
  • the first input terminal I1 is used for receiving the input optical signal of the fiber amplifier.
  • the second input terminal I2 is configured to receive an output optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier;
  • the controller 103 calculates a first amplification control signal and an adjustment control signal according to the input optical signal
  • the controller 103 calculates a second amplification control signal and a secondary adjustment control signal according to the output optical signal when the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is greater than a secondary calculation threshold;
  • the control output terminal O is used to output a first amplification control signal or a second amplification control signal to the first power amplifier 101, output an adjustment control signal or a secondary adjustment control signal to the wavelength level adjuster 102;
  • the wavelength level adjuster 102 is configured to perform power adjustment for each wavelength according to the adjustment control signal or the secondary adjustment control signal.
  • connection order of the first power amplifier and the wavelength level adjuster described above may be interchanged.
  • the controller reads the input optical signal, analyzes the optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal, and combines the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier stored in the controller, and controls the wavelength level regulator.
  • the characteristic parameters and the target output optical power information of the optical fiber amplifier are calculated, and the first amplification control signal and the adjustment control signal are calculated.
  • the first power amplifier performs power amplification on each wavelength according to the first amplification control signal; and the wavelength level adjuster performs power adjustment on each wavelength according to the adjustment control signal.
  • the controller 103 reads the output optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier, and analyzes each of the output optical signals.
  • the second amplification control signal and the secondary adjustment control signal are calculated by combining the optical power of the wavelength with the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier, the regulation characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator, and the target output optical power information of the fiber amplifier.
  • the first power amplifier 101 performs power amplification again for each wavelength according to the second amplification control signal; the wavelength level adjuster 102 performs power adjustment for each of the re-wavelengths according to the secondary adjustment control signal.
  • a second input terminal I2 is added to the controller of the optical fiber amplifier disclosed in this embodiment, and the controller can compare the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power.
  • the second amplification control signal and the secondary adjustment control signal are calculated according to the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal, and the secondary adjustment control signal can control the wavelength level adjuster pair
  • the power adjustment is performed again for each wavelength until the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is less than the second calculation threshold, so that the power of the output optical signal is closer to the target output optical power, and the optical fiber is improved.
  • the adjustment accuracy of the gain curve of the amplifier is performed again for each wavelength until the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is less than the second calculation threshold, so that the power of the output optical signal is closer to the target output optical power, and the optical fiber is improved.
  • the controller may further include: a first storage module and a first computing module.
  • the first storage module has the same function and storage content as the first storage module 1031 shown in FIG. 2; the first computing module, in addition to the work to be completed by the first computing module 1032 shown in FIG. 2, For calculating that the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is greater than the second calculation threshold, calculating the second amplification control signal and the secondary adjustment according to the stored content of the storage module and the output optical signal control signal.
  • the wavelength level adjuster in this embodiment is the same as the wavelength level adjuster 102 or 102' in the previous embodiment, and will not be described herein.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber amplifier according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the fiber amplifier 400 includes a first power amplifier 401, a second power amplifier 403 and a wavelength level adjuster 402 and a controller 404; the first power amplifier 401, a wavelength level adjuster 402 and a second power amplifier 403.
  • the controller 404 includes a first input terminal I1 and a control output terminal O.
  • the first input terminal I1 is configured to receive an input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier, and the control output terminal O is configured to output the first amplification control signal to the first
  • the power amplifier 401 outputs a second amplification control signal to the second power amplifier 403, and outputs an adjustment control signal to the wavelength level adjuster 402.
  • the wavelength level adjuster 402 is configured to perform power adjustment for each wavelength according to the adjustment control signal. .
  • the first power amplifier 401 and the second power amplifier 403 are respectively used as a preamplifier and a power amplifier of the optical fiber amplifier, and may include a pump source and a doped fiber, and the pump source is set along the optical signal transmission direction.
  • the pump source may be one or more upstream or downstream of the doped fiber.
  • the fiber amplifier disclosed in this embodiment adds a second power amplifier 403, and the controller 404 can be based on the gain characteristic parameters of the first power amplifier 401 and the second power amplifier 403.
  • the control characteristic parameter of the wavelength level adjuster 402, the target output optical power information of the optical fiber amplifier, and the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier calculate the first amplification control signal, the second amplification control signal, and the adjustment control signal, the first power
  • the amplifier 401 and the second power amplifier 403 respectively perform power amplification for each wavelength according to the first amplification control signal and the second amplification control signal
  • the wavelength level adjuster 402 performs power adjustment for each wavelength according to the adjustment control signal.
  • the first power amplifier 401, the wavelength level adjuster 402 and the second power amplifier 403 cooperate to achieve adjustment of the wavelength level of the fiber amplifier gain curve.
  • the controller 404 includes a second storage module 4041 and a second computing module 4042.
  • the second storage module 4041 stores the content stored by the first storage module 1031 as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the gain characteristic parameter of the second power amplifier is also stored;
  • the second calculating module 4042 is configured to calculate, according to the stored content of the second storage module 4041 and the optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier. The first amplification control signal and the adjustment control signal are obtained.
  • the controller 404' further includes a second input end I2 for receiving an output optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier; the second calculating module 4042 ', also used in the case where the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is greater than the secondary calculation threshold, calculated according to the stored content of the storage module and the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal.
  • the third amplification control signal, the fourth amplification control signal and the secondary adjustment control signal; the control output terminal O is further configured to output a third amplification control signal to the first power amplifier 401', and output a fourth amplification control signal to
  • the second power amplifier 403' outputs a secondary adjustment control signal to the wavelength level adjuster 402'.
  • the wavelength level adjuster 402' is further configured to perform power adjustment for each wavelength according to the secondary adjustment control signal.
  • a second input terminal I2 is added to the controller of the optical fiber amplifier disclosed in the embodiment, and the controller can compare the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power.
  • the third amplification control signal, the fourth amplification control signal and the secondary adjustment control signal are calculated according to the output optical signal, and the secondary adjustment control signal can control the wavelength level adjustment.
  • the power is adjusted again for each wavelength until the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is less than the second calculation threshold, so that the power of the output optical signal is closer to the target output optical power, thereby improving The adjustment accuracy of the gain curve of the fiber amplifier.
  • the wavelength level adjuster in this embodiment is the same as the wavelength level adjuster 102 or 102' in the previous embodiment, and will not be described herein.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a gain adjustment method of an optical fiber amplifier disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to the fiber amplifier shown in Figure 1, the method comprising:
  • the above calculation is performed according to the optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier to obtain a first amplification control signal and an adjustment control signal, which may be according to a gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier, and a wavelength level regulator.
  • the control characteristic parameter, the target output optical power information of the optical fiber amplifier, and the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier calculate the first amplification control signal and the adjustment control signal.
  • the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier may be a power amplification factor of the first power amplifier for each wavelength; the control characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator may be a relationship parameter between the insertion loss of each wavelength and the adjustment control signal.
  • the first amplification control signal is used to control the first power amplifier to perform power amplification on optical signals of different wavelengths; and the adjustment control signal is used to control the wavelength level adjuster to achieve different optical powers of different wavelengths. Insert damage.
  • the gain adjustment method disclosed in this embodiment can calculate the first amplification control signal and the adjustment control signal according to the optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal received by the first input end, the first amplification control signal.
  • the first power amplifier can be controlled to perform power amplification on each wavelength
  • the adjustment control signal can control the wavelength level adjuster to perform insertion loss adjustment for each wavelength respectively, and the effect of the insertion loss adjustment is applied to each wavelength of the optical fiber amplifier.
  • the optical power achieves the effect of single-wave gain adjustment on the gain curve of the fiber amplifier, and improves the adjustment precision of the gain curve of the fiber amplifier.
  • the foregoing calculating, according to the optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier, obtaining the first amplification control signal and the adjustment control signal including: according to the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier, the wavelength
  • the first characteristic control signal and the adjustment control signal are calculated by the regulation characteristic parameter of the level regulator, the target output optical power of the fiber amplifier, and the input optical signal of the fiber amplifier.
  • the method further includes: receiving an output optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier; and outputting the light When the absolute value of the difference between the power of the signal and the target output optical power is greater than the second calculation threshold, according to the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier, the regulation characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator, the target output optical power of the optical fiber amplifier, And calculating the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal to obtain a third amplification control signal and a secondary adjustment control signal; outputting the third amplification control signal to the first power amplifier, and outputting the secondary adjustment control signal to the wavelength level regulator.
  • FIG. 6 A specific flowchart of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the input optical signal 601 of the optical fiber amplifier is read, and the optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal is analyzed;
  • the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power of the controller is The absolute value is greater than the second calculation threshold 606, the output optical signal 607 of the optical fiber amplifier is read;
  • the second amplification control signal 603 and the secondary adjustment control signal 604 are calculated by combining the gain characteristic parameter of the first power amplifier, the regulation characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator, and the target output optical power information of the optical fiber amplifier.
  • the second amplification control signal controls the first power amplifier to perform power amplification again for each wavelength; and the secondary adjustment control signal controls the wavelength level adjuster to perform power adjustment for each of the re-wavelengths.
  • the second amplification control signal and the second are calculated according to the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal.
  • the secondary adjustment control signal may control the wavelength level adjuster to perform power adjustment again for each wavelength until the absolute value of the difference between the power of the output optical signal and the target output optical power is less than a second calculation threshold The power of the output optical signal is made closer to the target output optical power, which improves the adjustment accuracy of the gain curve of the optical fiber amplifier.
  • FIG. 7 is a gain adjustment method of another optical fiber amplifier disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to the fiber amplifier shown in Figure 4A, the method comprising:
  • the specific implementation method of the present embodiment is the same as the adjustment implementation method of the optical fiber amplifier shown in FIG. 4A.
  • the first amplification control signal, the second amplification control signal and the adjustment control signal cooperate to respectively control the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier to perform power amplification on each wavelength; and the adjustment control signal controls the wavelength level regulator Power adjustment is performed for each wavelength.
  • the foregoing calculating the optical power of each wavelength in the input optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier to obtain a first amplification control signal and an adjustment control signal; and the light of each wavelength in the input optical signal according to the optical fiber amplifier
  • the power is calculated to obtain a second amplification control signal, comprising: a gain characteristic parameter according to the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier, a control characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator, a target output optical power of the optical fiber amplifier, and an input of the optical fiber amplifier
  • the optical power of each wavelength in the optical signal is calculated to obtain a first amplification control signal, a second amplification control signal, and an adjustment control signal.
  • the method further includes Receiving an output optical signal of the optical fiber amplifier; and in a case where an absolute value of a difference between a power of the output optical signal and a target output optical power is greater than a second calculation threshold, according to gain characteristic parameters of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier, The control characteristic parameter of the wavelength level regulator, the target output optical power of the optical fiber amplifier, and the optical power of each wavelength in the output optical signal, the third amplification control signal, the fourth amplification control signal and the secondary adjustment control signal are calculated; The third amplification control signal is sent to the first power amplifier, and the fourth amplification control signal is outputted to the second power amplifier, and the secondary adjustment control signal is output to the wavelength level regulator.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the controller therein is implemented in software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer program instructions When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in or transmitted by a computer readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be from a website site, computer, server or data center via a wired (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) Another website site, computer, server, or data center for transmission.
  • the computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a digital versatile disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)). )Wait.
  • the process can be completed by a computer program to instruct related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the program when executed, may include the processes of the various method embodiments as described above.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a read-only memory (ROM) or a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program code.

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Abstract

光纤放大器（100）及光纤放大器（100）的增益调节方法，该光纤放大器（100）包括：第一功率放大器（101），波长级别调节器（102）和控制器（103）；该第一功率放大器（101）和该波长级别调节器（102）依次连接；上述控制器（103）包括第一输入端和控制输出端，第一输入端用于接收光纤放大器（100）的输入光信号，控制输出端用于输出第一放大控制信号至上述第一功率放大器（101），输出调节控制信号至上述波长级别调节器（102）；上述波长级别调节器（102），用于根据调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。上述光纤放大器（100）可以分别对光纤放大器（100）中的每个波长进行功率调节，提高了光纤放大器（100）的增益曲线的调节精度。

Description

光纤放大器及光纤放大器的增益调节方法 技术领域
本申请涉及光通信技术领域，尤其特别涉及光纤放大器及光纤放大器的增益调节方法。
背景技术
光纤放大器在光通信和光传感技术领域都被广泛地使用。光纤放大器包括半导体光放大器、稀土掺杂光纤放大器等类型。稀土掺杂光纤放大器，例如：掺铒光纤放大器(erbium doped fiber amplifier，EDFA，是波分复用(wavelength division multiplexing，WDM)系统中的重要器件，用于对系统中传输的光信号进行放大。但是，该类型光纤放大器的增益曲线不平坦。也就是说，当不同波长的光信号通过该类型的光纤放大器时，它们的增益不同，增益较低的波长对应的光信号功率也较低，从而导致相应的误码率较高，甚至影响整个系统的传输性能。因此，如何对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行调节成为一个重要的技术问题。
目前将增益平坦滤波器(gain flattening filter，GFF)内置于光纤放大器中，通过GFF的插损曲线与光纤放大器的增益曲线相互作用，以实现对光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节。该方案只能实现对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行整体调节，其调节精度不理想。
发明内容
本申请实施例公开了光纤放大器及光纤放大器的增益调节方法，可以分别对光纤放大器中的每个波长进行功率调节，将对光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节精确到波长级别，从而提高了光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节精度。
第一方面，本申请实施例公开了一种光纤放大器，包括：第一功率放大器，波长级别调节器和控制器；所述第一功率放大器和所述波长级别调节器依次连接，或者，所述波长级别调节器和所述第一功率放大器依次连接；所述控制器包括第一输入端和控制输出端，所述第一输入端用于接收所述光纤放大器的输入光信号，所述控制输出端用于输出第一放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器；所述波长级别调节器，用于根据所述调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
在本申请实施例中，控制器可以根据第一输入端所接收到的输入光信号，计算得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，该调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器分别对每个波长进行功率调节，从而实现了对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行单波增益调节的效果，提高了对光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节精度。
结合第一方面，在第一个可选的实现方式中，所述控制器包括：第一存储模块和第一计算模块；所述第一存储模块，用于存储所述第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率信息；所述第一计算模块，用于根据所述第一存储模块的存储内容和所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到所述第一放大控制信号和所述调节控制信号。
结合第一方面的第一个可选的实现方式，在第一方面的第二个可选的实现方式中，所 述控制器还可以包括第二输入端，所述第二输入端用于接收所述光纤放大器的输出光信号；所述第一计算模块，还用于在所述输出光信号的功率与所述目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据所述第一存储模块的存储内容和所述输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；所述控制输出端，还用于输出所述第二次放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出所述二次调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器。所述波长级别调节器，还用于根据所述二次调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
在本实现方式中，相较于第一方面的第一个可选的实现方式，增加了第二输入端，第一计算模块可以在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号，该二次调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器对每个波长再次进行功率调节，直到上述输出光信号的功率和目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值小于二次计算阈值为止，使输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率更接近，提高了光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节准确度。
结合第一方面，在第三个可选的实现方式中，上述光纤放大器还包括第二功率放大器；所述第一功率放大器，所述波长级别调节器和所述第二功率放大器依次连接；所述控制输出端，还用于输出第二放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器。
在本实现方式中，第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器可以分别作为前置放大器和功率放大器，配合波长级别调节器，对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行调节。
结合第一方面的第三个可选的实现方式，在第一方面的第四个可选的实现方式中，所述控制器包括：第二存储模块和第二计算模块；所述第二存储模块，用于存储所述第一功率放大器和所述第二功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率；所述第二计算模块，用于根据所述第二存储模块的存储内容和所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到所述第一放大控制信号，第二放大控制信号和所述调节控制信号。
在本实现方式中，第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器根据上述第一放大控制信号，第二放大控制信号对不同波长的光功率进行放大，波长级别调节器根据调节控制信号对不同波长进行功率插损。因此，第一功率放大器，第二功率放大器，以及波长级别调节器相互作用实现对光纤放大器增益曲线的调节。
结合第一方面的第四个可选的实现方式，在第一方面的第五个可选的实现方式中，所述控制器还可以包括第二输入端，所述第二输入端用于接收所述光纤放大器的输出光信号；所述第二计算模块，还用于在所述输出光信号的功率与所述目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据所述第二存储模块的存储内容和所述输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第三次放大控制信号，第四次放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；所述控制输出端，还用于输出所述第三放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出所述第四放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器，输出所述二次调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器；所述波长级别调节器，还用于根据所述二次调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
在本实现方式中，相较于第一方面的第五个可选的实现方式，增加了第二输入端，第二计算模块可以在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第三次放大控制信号，第四次放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号，该二次调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器对每个波长再次进行功率调节，直到上述输出光信号的功率和目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值小于二次计算阈值为止，使输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率更接近，提高了光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节准确度。
结合第一方面，或者第一方面的第一至第五个可选的实现方式中任一实现方式，在第一方面的第六个可选的实现方式中，上述波长级别调节器包括：色散模块，波长级别插损调节模块和聚合模块；所述色散模块，所述波长级别插损调节模块和所述聚合模块依次连接；所述色散模块，用于对多波长的光信号进行空间分离；所述聚合模块，用于对多波长的光信号进行空间聚合；所述波长级别插损调节模块，用于根据所述调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
在本实现方式中，色散模块对多波长的光信号进行空间分离，有利于波长级别调节器进行对每个波长进行功率调节，聚合模块可以将分离的光信号重新聚合，便于后续传输。
结合第一方面的第六个可选的实现方式，在第一方面的第七个可选的实现方式中，所述波长级别插损调节模块为硅基液晶LCOS芯片，微机电MEMS元件或液晶LC元件。
结合第一方面的第六个可选的实现方式，在第一方面的第八个可选的实现方式中，所述波长级别调节器还包括第一光束整形模块和第二光束整形模块；所述第一光束整形模块，所述色散模块，所述波长级别插损调节模块，所述聚合模块和所述第二光束整形模块依次连接；所述第一光束整形模块和所述第二光束整形模块，用于光束聚焦和准直。
第二方面，本申请实施例公开了一种光纤放大器的增益调节方法，所述方法应用于第一方面，或第一方面的第二个可选的实现方式，或第一方面的第三个可选的实现方式，或第一方面的第四个可选的实现方式公开的任一所述光纤放大器，所述方法包括：接收所述光纤放大器的输入光信号；根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，所述调节控制信号用于控制所述波长级别调节器分别对每个波长进行功率调节；输出所述第一放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器。
在本实施例中，根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号进行计算，得到的调节控制信号，可以控制所述波长级别调节器分别对每个波长进行功率调节，从而实现了对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行单波增益调节的效果，提高了光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节精度。
结合第二方面，在第一个可选的实现方式中，所述根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，包括：根据所述第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和所述光纤放大器的输入光信号，计算得到所述第一放大控制信号和所述调节控制信号。
结合第二方面的第一个可选的实现方式，在第二方面的第二个可选的实现方式中，在 所述输出所述第一放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器之后，所述方法还包括：接收所述光纤放大器的输出光信号；在所述输出光信号的功率与所述目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据所述第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和所述输出光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；输出所述第二放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出所述二次调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器。
在本实现方式中，在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号，该二次调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器对每个波长再次进行功率调节，直到上述输出光信号的功率和目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值小于二次计算阈值为止，使输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率更接近，提高了光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节准确度。
结合第二方面，在第三个可选的实现方式中，所述方法应用于第一方面的第一个可选的实现方式公开的任一所述光纤放大器，所述方法还包括：根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第二放大控制信号；输出所述第二放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器。
在本实现方式中，第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器分别根据第一放大控制信号和第二放大控制信号对不同波长进行光功率放大。
结合第二方面的第三个可选的实现方式，在第二方面的第四个可选的实现方式中，所述根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号；所述根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号进行计算，得到第二放大控制信号，包括：根据所述第一功率放大器和所述第二功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到所述第一放大控制信号，所述第二放大控制信号和所述调节控制信号。
在本实现方式中，上述第一放大控制信号，第二放大控制信号分别控制第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器对不同波长的光功率进行放大，上述调节控制信号控制波长级别调节器根据调节控制信号对不同波长进行功率插损。因此，第一功率放大器，第二功率放大器，以及波长级别调节器相互作用实现对光纤放大器增益曲线的调节。
结合第二方面的第四个可选的实现方式，在第二方面的第五个可选的实现方式中，在所述输出所述第一放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器，输出所述第二放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器之后，所述方法还包括：接收所述光纤放大器的输出光信号；在所述输出光信号的功率与所述目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据所述第一功率放大器和所述第二功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和所述输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第三放大控制信号，第四放大控制信号和 二次调节控制信号；输出所述第三放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出所述第四放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器，输出所述二次调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器。
在本实现方式中，在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第三次放大控制信号，第四次放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号，该二次调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器对每个波长再次进行功率调节，直到上述输出光信号的功率和目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值小于二次计算阈值为止，使输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率更接近，提高了光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节准确度。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例公开的一种光纤放大器的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例公开的一种控制器的结构示意图；
图3A为本申请实施例公开的一种波长级别调节器的结构示意图；
图3B为本申请实施例公开的另一种波长级别调节器的结构示意图；
图4A为本申请另一实施例公开的一种光纤放大器的结构示意图；
图4B为本申请另一实施例公开的另一种光纤放大器的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例公开的一种光纤放大器的增益调节方法的流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例公开的一种光纤放大器的增益调节过程的流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例公开的另一种光纤放大器的增益调节方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请主要针对稀土掺杂光纤放大器，例如，EDFA。本领域技术人员可知，随着技术发展，本申请的技术也可适用于其他正在开发或者待开发的稀土掺杂光纤放大器。下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
目前将增益平坦滤波器(gain flattening filter，GFF)内置于光纤放大器中，通过GFF的插损曲线作用于光纤放大器的每个波长的光功率，使光纤放大器中不同波长对应的增益产生一定程度的衰减，从而可以实现对光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节。但是，这样的调节方式只能对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行整体调节，对增益曲线的调节精度不理想。
为了实现对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行波长级别调节的精确达到波长级别，本申请实施例公开了一种光纤放大器及光纤放大器的增益调节方法，以下分别进行详细说明。
图1为本申请实施例公开的一种光纤放大器的结构示意图。由图可知，该光纤放大器包括：第一功率放大器101，波长级别调节器102和控制器103；该第一功率放大器101和该波长级别调节器102依次连接，其中，第一功率放大器的输入端即为光纤放大器的输入端，波长级别调节器的输出端即为光纤放大器的输出端，上述控制器包括第一输入端I1和控制输出端O，第一输入端I1用于接收光纤放大器的输入光信号，控制输出端O用于输出第一放大控制信号至上述第一功率放大器101，以及输出调节控制信号至上述波长级别调节器102；上述波长级别调节器102，用于根据调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
在本实施例中，上述第一功率放大器101和波长级别调节器102的连接顺序可以互换，即波长级别调节器102和第一功率放大器101依次连接。本申请对此不做限制。
在本实施例中，上述第一功率放大器101可以包括泵浦源和掺杂光纤，该泵浦源沿光信号传输方向设置于掺杂光纤的上游或下游，该泵浦源可以是一个或者多个。
在本实施例中，上述波长级别调节器102根据调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节，是指波长级别调节器通过对每个波长产生不同的插入损耗来实现对每个波长进行功率调节。即携带不同波长的光信号按照上述第一功率放大器的增益特性参数实现对应倍数的功率放大，波长级别调节器对不同波长的光信号产生不同的插损值，该插损值作用于第一功率放大器输出的每个波长光功率上，从而实现对每个波长进行功率调节的效果。
在本实施例中，上述控制器可以根据第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，光纤放大器的目标输出光功率信息，以及光纤放大器的输入光信号，计算得到上述第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号。其中，第一功率放大器的增益特性参数可以为第一功率放大器对各波长的功率放大倍数；波长级别调节器的调控特性参数可以为各波长的插损与调节控制信号的关系参数。
可以理解，本实施例所公开的光纤放大器可以根据第一输入端所接收到的输入光信号，计算得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，该第一放大控制信号可以控制上述第一功率放大器对每个波长进行功率放大，该调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器分别对每个波长进行插损调节，该插损调节的效果作用于光纤放大器的每个波长的光功率，从而实现了对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行单波增益调节的效果，提高了对光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节精度。
因此，本实施例所公开的光纤放大器的增益曲线可以被调节为较为平坦，进而提高系统的平坦度，释放系统规格中设计的平坦余量，同时减少功率均衡器(dynamic gain equalizer，DGE)站点。
目前将GFF内置于光纤放大器中来实现对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行调节的方案，其中GFF的插损调节范围较小，常常需要配合可调光衰减器(variable optical attenuator，VOA)进行插损调节，才能达到目标输出光功率的要求。但是本申请实施例所公开的光纤放大器的波长级别调节器，其插损调节范围较大，可以取消原来配合使用的VOA，独立对各个波长的光功率进行插损调节。
另外，由于本实施例所公开的光纤放大器可以实现单波增益调节的效果，因此当现网实现掉加波时，可以相应地控制某些波的插损值，有效地抑制了功率抖动。
作为一种可选的实施方式，上述控制器103包括：第一存储模块1031和第一计算模块1032；该第一存储模块1031，用于存储上述第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，上述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数和上述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率信息；上述第一计算模块1032，用于根据上述存储模块的存储内容和上述光纤放大器的输入光信号，计算得到上述第一放大控制信号和上述调节控制信号。
图2为本申请实施例公开的一种控制器的结构示意图。其中，第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，可以为第一功率放大器对各波长的功率放大倍数；波长级别调节器的调控特性 参数，可以为各波长的插损与调节控制信号的关系参数，以含有LCOS芯片的波长级别调节器为例，其调控特性参数，可以是各波长信号的输出偏转角度和驱动电压之间的关系参数。
作为一种可选的实施方式，如图3A所示，图3A为本申请实施例公开的一种波长级别调节器的结构示意图。上述波长级别调节器102包括：色散模块1021，波长级别插损调节模块1022和聚合模块1023。该色散模块1021，波长级别插损调节模块1022和聚合模块1023依次连接；上述色散模块1021，用于对多波长的光信号进行空间分离；上述聚合模块1023，用于对多波长的光信号进行空间聚合；上述波长级别插损调节模块1022，用于根据上述调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
上述色散模块1021可以包括光栅、棱镜等具有色散特性的光学元件，对多波长的光信号进行空间分离，即将不同波长的光信号在空间上分离开，这样更有利于波长级别插损调节模块进行单波功率调节，上述聚合模块1023可以包括逆向设置的色散元件，对多波长的光信号进行空间聚合，即将不同波长的光信号在空间上聚合起。波长级别插损调节模块1022，可以包括LCOS芯片，MEMS元件或LC元件等可以通过控制信号控制其对各波长光功率损耗的元件。以LCOS芯片为例，在LCOS芯片上加载不同驱动电压，可以控制不同波长进行相应的角度旋转，从而使光信号的输出方向与接收端口形成一定角度偏离，从而实现不同波长不同插损的调节。
作为一种可选的实施方式，如图3B所示，图3B为本申请实施例公开的另一种波长级别调节器的结构示意图。相比于图3A所示的波长级别调节器102，图中波长级别调节器102’还包括第一光束整形模块1024’和第二光束整形模块1025’；该第一光束整形模块1024’，色散模块1021’，波长级别插损调节模块1022’，聚合模块1023’和第二光束整形模块1025’依次连接；上述第一光束整形模块1024’和第二光束整形模块1025’，用于光束聚焦和准直，可以包括透镜、棱镜等具有光束聚焦、准直功能的元件。
本申请的另一实施例公开了另一种光纤放大器。相较于图1所示的光纤放大器，上述控制器103不仅包括第一输入端I1控制输出端O，还包括第二输入端I2；第一输入端I1用于接收光纤放大器的输入光信号，第二输入端I2用于接收光纤放大器的输出光信号；
上述控制器103根据输入光信号，计算得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号；
上述控制器103在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据输出光信号，计算得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；
控制输出端O用于输出第一放大控制信号或第二放大控制信号至上述第一功率放大器101，输出调节控制信号或二次调节控制信号至上述波长级别调节器102；
上述波长级别调节器102，用于根据调节控制信号或二次调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
在本实施例中，上述第一功率放大器和波长级别调节器的连接顺序可以互换。
在本实施例中，上述控制器读取输入光信号，分析出输入光信号中各个波长的光功率，并结合存储在控制器中的第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数和光纤放大器的目标输出光功率信息，计算得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号。上 述第一功率放大器，根据第一放大控制信号对每个波长进行功率放大；上述波长级别调节器，根据调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
为了实现精准地调节光纤放大器的增益曲线，可以通过多次调节第一放大器和波长级别调解器的方式来实现。具体地，上述控制器103在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，读取光纤放大器的输出光信号，分析出输出光信号中各个波长的光功率，并结合第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数和光纤放大器的目标输出光功率信息，计算得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号。上述第一功率放大器101，根据第二放大控制信号对每个波长再次进行功率放大；上述波长级别调节器102，根据二次调节控制信号分别对每个再次波长进行功率调节。
与图1所示的光纤放大器相比，在本实施例所公开的光纤放大器的控制器上增加了第二输入端I2，控制器可以在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据输出光信号中各个波长的光功率，计算得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号，该二次调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器对每个波长再次进行功率调节，直到上述输出光信号的功率和目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值小于二次计算阈值为止，使输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率更接近，提高了光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节准确度。
作为一种可选的实施方式，上述控制器还可以包括，第一存储模块和第一计算模块。该第一存储模块与图2所示的第一存储模块1031的作用和存储内容相同，；上述第一计算模块，除了完成图2所示的第一计算模块1032所要完成的工作之外，还用于在输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据存储模块的存储内容和输出光信号，计算得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号。
本实施例中的波长级别调节器与上一实施例中的波长级别调节器102或102’相同，这里不做赘述。
图4A为本申请另一实施例公开的一种光纤放大器的结构示意图。由图可知，该光纤放大器400包括：第一功率放大器401，第二功率放大器403和波长级别调节器402和控制器404；该第一功率放大器401，波长级别调节器402和第二功率放大器403依次连接；上述控制器404包括第一输入端I1和控制输出端O，第一输入端I1用于接收光纤放大器的输入光信号，控制输出端O用于输出第一放大控制信号至上述第一功率放大器401，输出第二放大控制信号至第二功率放大器403，输出调节控制信号至上述波长级别调节器402；上述波长级别调节器402，用于根据调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
在本实施例中，上述第一功率放大器401和第二功率放大器403分别作为光纤放大器的前置放大器和功率放大器，可以包括泵浦源和掺杂光纤，该泵浦源沿光信号传输方向设置于掺杂光纤的上游或下游，该泵浦源可以是一个或者多个。
与图1所示的光纤放大器相比，在本实施例所公开的光纤放大器增加了第二功率放大器403，上述控制器404可以根据第一功率放大器401和第二功率放大器403的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器402的调控特性参数，光纤放大器的目标输出光功率信息，以及光 纤放大器的输入光信号，计算得到上述第一放大控制信号，第二放大控制信号和调节控制信号，上述第一功率放大器401和第二功率放大器403，分别根据第一放大控制信号和第二放大控制信号对每个波长进行功率放大，上述波长级别调节器402，根据调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。因此，第一功率放大器401，波长级别调节器402和第二功率放大器403相互配合来实现对光纤放大器增益曲线的波长级别的调节。
作为一种可选的实施方式，上述控制器404包括第二存储模块4041和第二计算模块4042；该第二存储模块4041，除了存储有如图2所示的第一存储模块1031所存储的内容之外，还要存储第二功率放大器的增益特性参数；上述第二计算模块4042，用于根据上述第二存储模块4041的存储内容和上述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到上述第一放大控制信号和上述调节控制信号。
作为一种可选的实施方式，如图4B所示，上述控制器404’还包括第二输入端I2，该第二输入端I2用于接收光纤放大器的输出光信号；上述第二计算模块4042’，还用于在输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据存储模块的存储内容和输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第三次放大控制信号，第四次放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；上述控制输出端O，还用于输出第三放大控制信号至第一功率放大器401’，输出第四放大控制信号至第二功率放大器403’，输出二次调节控制信号至波长级别调节器402’，上述波长级别调节器402’，还用于根据二次调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
与图4A所示的光纤放大器相比，在本实施方式所公开的光纤放大器的控制器上增加了第二输入端I2，控制器可以在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据输出光信号，计算得到第三次放大控制信号，第四次放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号，该二次调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器对每个波长再次进行功率调节，直到上述输出光信号的功率和目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值小于二次计算阈值为止，使输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率更接近，提高了光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节准确度。
本实施例中的波长级别调节器与上一实施例中的波长级别调节器102或102’相同，这里不做赘述。
图5为本申请实施例公开的一种光纤放大器的增益调节方法。该方法应用于图1所示的光纤放大器，该方法包括：
501、接收光纤放大器的输入光信号。
502、根据上述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，该调节控制信号用于控制波长级别调节器分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
503、输出第一放大控制信号至第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至波长级别调节器。
在本实施例中，上述根据光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，可以是根据第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，光纤放大器的目标输出光功率信息，以及光纤放大器的输入光 信号，计算得到上述第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号。其中，第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，可以为第一功率放大器对各波长的功率放大倍数；波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，可以为各波长的插损与调节控制信号的关系参数。
在本实施例中，上述第一放大控制信号用于控制上述第一功率放大器对不同波长的光信号进行功率放大；调节控制信号用于控制上述波长级别调节器对不同波长的光功率实现不同的插损。
可以理解，本实施例所公开的增益调节方法可以根据第一输入端所接收到的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，该第一放大控制信号可以控制上述第一功率放大器对每个波长进行功率放大，该调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器分别对每个波长进行插损调节，该插损调节的效果作用于光纤放大器的每个波长的光功率，从而实现了对光纤放大器的增益曲线进行单波增益调节的效果，提高了对光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节精度。
作为一种可选的实施方式，上述根据光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，包括：根据第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和光纤放大器的输入光信号，计算得到上述第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号。
上述第一功率放大器的增益特性参数和波长级别调节器的调控特性参数的具体解释，与图1所示的光纤放大器中的第一功率放大器的增益特性参数和波长级别调节器的调控特性参数的解释相同，这里不作赘述。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在上述输出第一放大控制信号至第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至波长级别调节器之后，上述方法还包括：接收光纤放大器的输出光信号；在输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和输出光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第三放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；输出第三放大控制信号至第一功率放大器，输出二次调节控制信号至波长级别调节器。
本实施方式的具体流程图如图6所示，
首先读取光纤放大器的输入光信号601，分析该输入光信号中各波长的光功率；
再读取出的第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调节参数以及目标输出光功率信息602；
根据读取的内容计算出第一放大控制信号603和调节控制信号604，输出第一放大控制信号至第一功率放大器603，输出调节控制信号至波长级别调节器604；
获取光纤放大器的输出光信号605，分析该输出光信号中各波长的光功率；
为了实现精准地调节光纤放大器的增益曲线，可以通过多次调节第一放大器和波长级别调解器的方式来实现，因此，上述控制器在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下606，读取光纤放大器的输出光信号607；
并结合第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，光纤放大 器的目标输出光功率信息，计算得到第二放大控制信号603和二次调节控制信号604。
上述第二放大控制信号控制第一功率放大器对每个波长再次进行功率放大；上述二次调节控制信号控制波长级别调节器分别对每个再次波长进行功率调节。
可以理解，在上述输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号，该二次调节控制信号可以控制波长级别调节器对每个波长再次进行功率调节，直到上述输出光信号的功率和目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值小于二次计算阈值为止，使输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率更接近，提高了光纤放大器的增益曲线的调节准确度。
图7为本申请实施例公开的另一种光纤放大器的增益调节方法。该方法应用于图4A所示的光纤放大器，该方法包括：
701、接收光纤放大器的输入光信号。
702、根据上述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号，第二放大控制信号和调节控制信号，该调节控制信号用于控制波长级别调节器分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
703、输出第一放大控制信号至第一功率放大器，输出第二放大控制信号至第二功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至波长级别调节器。
本实施方式的具体实现方法与图4A所示的光纤放大器的调节实现方法相同。根据第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，光纤放大器的目标输出光功率信息，以及光纤放大器的输入光信号，计算得到上述第一放大控制信号，第二放大控制信号和调节控制信号。
其中，第一放大控制信号，第二放大控制信号和调节控制信号相互配合，分别控制上述第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器对每个波长进行功率放大；上述调节控制信号控制上述波长级别调节器对每个波长进行功率调节。
作为一种可选的实施方式，上述根据光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号；上述根据光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第二放大控制信号，包括：根据第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第一放大控制信号，第二放大控制信号和调节控制信号。
上述第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器的增益特性参数和波长级别调节器的调控特性参数的具体解释，与图4A所示的光纤放大器中的第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器的增益特性参数和波长级别调节器的调控特性参数的解释相同，这里不作赘述。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在上述输出第一放大控制信号至第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至波长级别调节器，输出第二放大控制信号至第二功率放大器之后，上述方法还包括：接收光纤放大器的输出光信号；在输出光信号的功率与目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据第一功率放大器和第二功率放大器的增益特性参数，波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和输出光信号中各 波长的光功率，计算得到第三放大控制信号，第四放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；输出上述第三放大控制信号至第一功率放大器，输出上述第四放大控制信号至第二功率放大器，输出上述二次调节控制信号至波长级别调节器。
本实施方式的具体实现方法与图4B所示的光纤放大器相同，这里不作赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
在上述实施例中，可以通过软件、硬件、固件等组合来实现。当其中的控制器使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者通过所述计算机可读存储介质进行传输。所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字通用光盘(digital versatile disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的涉及到控制器的全部或部分流程，该流程可以由计算机程序来指令相关的硬件完成，该程序可存储于计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法实施例的流程。而前述的存储介质包括： 只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或随机存储存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可存储程序代码的介质。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种光纤放大器，其特征在于，包括：第一功率放大器，波长级别调节器和控制器；所述第一功率放大器和所述波长级别调节器连接；
    所述控制器包括第一输入端和控制输出端，所述第一输入端用于接收所述光纤放大器的输入光信号，所述控制输出端用于输出第一放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器；
    所述波长级别调节器，用于根据所述调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述控制器包括：第一存储模块和第一计算模块；
    所述第一存储模块，用于存储所述第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数和所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率信息；
    所述第一计算模块，用于根据所述存储模块的存储内容和所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到所述第一放大控制信号和所述调节控制信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述控制器还包括第二输入端，所述第二输入端用于接收所述光纤放大器的输出光信号；
    所述第一计算模块，还用于在所述输出光信号的功率与所述目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据所述存储模块的存储内容和所述输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；
    所述控制输出端，还用于输出所述第二放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出所述二次调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器；
    所述波长级别调节器，还用于根据所述二次调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述光纤放大器还包括第二功率放大器；所述第一功率放大器，所述波长级别调节器和所述第二功率放大器依次连接；
    所述控制输出端，还用于输出第二放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光纤放大器，其特征在于，
    所述控制器包括：第二存储模块和第二计算模块；
    所述第二存储模块，用于存储所述第一功率放大器和所述第二功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数和所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率；
    所述第二计算模块，用于根据所述存储模块的存储内容和所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到所述第一放大控制信号，第二放大控制信号和所述调节控制信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述控制器还包括第二输入端，所述第二输入端用于接收所述光纤放大器的输出光信号；
    所述第二计算模块，还用于在所述输出光信号的功率与所述目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据所述存储模块的存储内容和所述输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第三次放大控制信号，第四次放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；
    所述控制输出端，还用于输出所述第三放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出所述第四放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器，输出所述二次调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器；
    所述波长级别调节器，还用于根据所述二次调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述波长级别调节器包括：色散模块，波长级别插损调节模块和聚合模块；所述色散模块，所述波长级别插损调节模块和所述聚合模块依次连接；
    所述色散模块，用于对多波长的光信号进行空间分离；
    所述聚合模块，用于对多波长的光信号进行空间聚合；
    所述波长级别插损调节模块，用于根据所述调节控制信号分别对每个波长进行功率调节。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述波长级别插损调节模块为硅基液晶LCOS芯片，微机电MEMS元件或液晶LC元件。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述波长级别调节器还包括第一光束整形模块和第二光束整形模块；所述第一光束整形模块，所述色散模块，所述波长级别插损调节模块，所述聚合模块和所述第二光束整形模块依次连接；
    所述第一光束整形模块和所述第二光束整形模块，用于光束聚焦和准直。
  10. 一种光纤放大器的增益调节方法，所述方法应用于权利要求1至9任一项所述的光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收所述光纤放大器的输入光信号；
    根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，所述调节控制信号用于控制所述波长级别调节器分别对每个波长进行功率调节；
    输出所述第一放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号，包括：
    根据所述第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到所述第一放大控制信号和所述调节控制信号。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述输出所述第一放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器之后，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述光纤放大器的输出光信号；
    在所述输出光信号的功率与所述目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据所述第一功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率和所述输出光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第 二放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；
    输出所述第二放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出所述二次调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第二放大控制信号；
    输出所述第二放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第一放大控制信号和调节控制信号；所述根据所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率进行计算，得到第二放大控制信号，包括：
    根据所述第一功率放大器和所述第二功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率和所述光纤放大器的输入光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到所述第一放大控制信号，所述第二放大控制信号和所述调节控制信号。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述输出所述第一放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器，输出所述第二放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器之后，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述光纤放大器的输出光信号；
    在所述输出光信号的功率与所述目标输出光功率的差值的绝对值大于二次计算阈值的情况下，根据所述第一功率放大器和所述第二功率放大器的增益特性参数，所述波长级别调节器的调控特性参数，所述光纤放大器的目标输出光功率，和所述输出光信号中各波长的光功率，计算得到第三放大控制信号，第四放大控制信号和二次调节控制信号；
    输出所述第三放大控制信号至所述第一功率放大器，输出所述第四放大控制信号至所述第二功率放大器，输出所述二次调节控制信号至所述波长级别调节器。
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