WO2019213834A1 - 双面聚光太阳能装置和系统 - Google Patents

双面聚光太阳能装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019213834A1
WO2019213834A1 PCT/CN2018/085992 CN2018085992W WO2019213834A1 WO 2019213834 A1 WO2019213834 A1 WO 2019213834A1 CN 2018085992 W CN2018085992 W CN 2018085992W WO 2019213834 A1 WO2019213834 A1 WO 2019213834A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
groove
concentrating
concentrating groove
panel
reflective
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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PCT/CN2018/085992
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡笑平
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boly Media Communications Shenzen Co Ltd
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Boly Media Communications Shenzen Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Boly Media Communications Shenzen Co Ltd filed Critical Boly Media Communications Shenzen Co Ltd
Priority to BR112020021617-8A priority Critical patent/BR112020021617B1/pt
Priority to MX2020011841A priority patent/MX2020011841A/es
Priority to EP18918008.6A priority patent/EP3790187B1/en
Priority to CA3099600A priority patent/CA3099600C/en
Priority to AU2018422303A priority patent/AU2018422303B2/en
Priority to US17/052,799 priority patent/US11349041B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/085992 priority patent/WO2019213834A1/zh
Priority to ES18918008T priority patent/ES2935958T3/es
Priority to JP2020561024A priority patent/JP7043628B2/ja
Priority to CN201880092360.5A priority patent/CN112005489B/zh
Publication of WO2019213834A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019213834A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/488—Reflecting light-concentrating means, e.g. parabolic mirrors or concentrators using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20—Optical components
    • H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/484—Refractive light-concentrating means, e.g. lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/83—Other shapes
    • F24S2023/831—Other shapes corrugated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of clean energy technologies, and in particular, to a double-sided concentrating solar device.
  • a double-sided concentrating solar device includes a front concentrating groove, a reverse concentrating groove, and a photovoltaic panel disposed at a bottom of each concentrating groove.
  • Each of the concentrating grooves includes two groove walls extending along the bottom, the faces of the two groove walls facing each other are reflective surfaces, and the open sides of the two groove walls are formed as openings of the concentrating grooves, and the lateral dimension of the openings is larger than The lateral dimensions of the bottom.
  • the opening direction of the front concentrating groove is opposite to the opening direction of the back concentrating groove.
  • the reflecting surface of the collecting groove may be a common mirror surface or a reflective Fresnel lens surface.
  • the front concentrating groove and the back concentrating groove may be arranged in a mirror symmetrical manner, and the two share the bottom double-sided photovoltaic panels; or may be arranged back to back with each other and offset by a set distance; and the corrugated concave-convex structures may be arranged alternately with each other.
  • a double-sided concentrating solar energy system including the aforementioned double-sided concentrating solar device and a side reflecting panel.
  • the side reflective panel is disposed on a side of the double-sided concentrating solar device.
  • the reflective surface of the side reflector panel is selected from the group consisting of: flat, folded, curved, reflective Fresnel lens faces.
  • side The face reflection panel is configured to at least partially reflect the received sunlight into the front concentrating groove of the double concentrating solar device or the opening of the back concentrating groove.
  • the double-sided concentrating solar device of the present invention it is possible to receive sunlight from two different directions, thereby enhancing the adaptability to the direction and expanding the mounting manner of the device.
  • the double-sided concentrating solar device can further form a solar energy system with the reflective panel disposed at the periphery to further enhance the light collecting ability and increase the concentrating ratio.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a double-sided concentrating solar device of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a double-sided concentrating solar device of Embodiment 2;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a double-sided concentrating solar device of Embodiment 3; [0012] FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a double-sided concentrating solar energy system of Embodiment 4; [0013] FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a double-sided concentrating solar energy system of Embodiment 5; [0014] FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a double-sided concentrating solar energy system of Embodiment 6. [0015] FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a photovoltaic panel perpendicular to the device.
  • the apparatus includes a plurality of front concentrating grooves 110, a plurality of counter concentrating grooves 110' and a photovoltaic panel 120.
  • the LL in the figure indicates sunlight, and its light path is indicated by an arrow, the same below.
  • the front light collecting groove 110 includes two groove walls 111 and 112 extending along the bottom, and the faces of the two groove walls are opposite to each other As the reflective surface, the open side of the two groove walls is formed as an opening of the concentrating groove, and the lateral dimension of the opening is larger than the lateral dimension of the bottom.
  • the reverse concentrating groove 110' has a structure similar to that of the front concentrating groove, and includes two groove walls 11r and 112' extending along the bottom except that the opening direction of the opposite concentrating groove is opposite to the opening direction of the front concentrating groove.
  • the reflective surfaces of the respective concentrating grooves are smooth mirrors.
  • the reflective surface of the concentrating groove may also adopt a reflective Fresnel lens surface in whole or in part.
  • the reflective Fresnel lens refers to a Fresnel lens having a reflective film or a reflecting surface provided on the back surface, and the other surface away from the reflecting surface is called a reflective Fresnel lens surface.
  • the front concentrating groove 110 and the back concentrating groove 110 ′ are arranged in mirror symmetry, and the bottoms thereof are overlapped together, so the photovoltaic panel 120 can be made of a bifacial solar cell.
  • the double-sided photovoltaic panel is disposed at the bottom of the front concentrating groove 110 and the opposite concentrating groove 110', and is shared by the two, thereby reducing the number of photovoltaic panels used.
  • the bottom portion may be empty or made of a transparent material such that light concentrated by the front concentrating groove and the back concentrating groove respectively illuminate one side of the double-sided photovoltaic panel.
  • the front concentrating groove and the back concentrating groove may be asymmetric, for example, may have different groove wall inclination angles; or may have no overlapping bottom portions, for example, offset from each other, or independent of each other. Therefore, the photovoltaic panels disposed at the bottom of each of the concentrating grooves can be selected according to whether or not double-sided light is required.
  • angles of the reflective surfaces of the two groove walls of the concentrating groove are different from those of the bottom, one is a right angle and the other is an obtuse angle.
  • the two groove walls of the concentrating groove may also be symmetrical, that is, the angles of the reflecting surfaces of the two groove walls are the same as the angle of the bottom.
  • the embodiment further includes a transparent top cover 130 (shown by dotted lines in FIG. 1)
  • the transparent top cover 130 may be a simple smooth flat cover, such as made of glass or plastic, to shield dust.
  • the transparent top cover may also preferably employ a Fresnel lens to further enhance the concentration ratio.
  • a transparent top cover may also be disposed at the opening of the reverse concentrating groove.
  • an end cover may be disposed at one end of the front concentrating groove or the back concentrating groove, and the end cover may be made of a transparent material, or the surface of the end cover facing the inside of the concentrating groove may be a reflective surface.
  • an end cap may be disposed at both ends of the front concentrating groove or the back concentrating groove to form a closed structure.
  • the photovoltaic panels are shared by the concentrating grooves on both sides to save the usage of the photovoltaic panels, but this will increase the requirements for heat dissipation.
  • the concentrating grooves on both sides may also use a single-sided photovoltaic panel, and use a metal with good heat dissipation to make the bottom of the concentrating groove for better heat dissipation.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a photovoltaic panel that is perpendicular to the device.
  • the device comprises a plurality of front concentrating grooves 210, a plurality of opposite concentrating grooves 210', and photovoltaic plates 220, 220 respectively disposed at the bottoms of the front concentrating grooves and the back concentrating grooves.
  • the concentrating groove in this embodiment is different from the concentrating groove in the first embodiment in that the groove wall has a symmetrical structure, that is, the angle between the reflecting surface of the two groove walls and the bottom is the same.
  • the front concentrating groove 210 and the bottom of the back concentrating groove 210' in the present embodiment are in the same plane, and are offset from each other by a set distance d.
  • the photovoltaic panels 220, 220' can each use a single-sided photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panels on the front and back sides are also offset from each other by a distance d.
  • the bottom of the concentrating groove may be made of a metal material that is opaque, and the distance d at which the bottom is staggered is preferably the width of the bottom (ie, the width of the photovoltaic panels 220, 220'). Half of it. This design can effectively improve the heat dissipation performance of the device.
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a photovoltaic panel that is perpendicular to the device.
  • the device comprises a plurality of front concentrating grooves 310, a plurality of opposite concentrating grooves 310', and photovoltaic plates 320, 320 respectively disposed at the bottoms of the front concentrating grooves and the rear concentrating grooves.
  • the front concentrating groove and the back concentrating groove are each formed as one layer, and the bottom thereof is located on the same plane, which makes the overall structure of the apparatus relatively thick.
  • the front concentrating groove and the back concentrating groove are disposed on the same layer.
  • the opening of the front concentrating groove 310 and the bottom of the back concentrating groove 310 ′ are in the same plane, and the two concentrating grooves are mutually Arranged in a staggered manner, the adjacent front concentrating groove and the back concentrating groove share a groove wall (this makes both sides of the groove wall a reflecting surface), and is integrally formed into a wave-like concave-convex structure. This arrangement greatly reduces the thickness of the double-sided concentrating solar device.
  • the front side concentrating groove and the back side concentrating groove in this embodiment may partially adopt a reflective Fresnel.
  • the lens surface (for example, a reflective Fresnel lens surface in the vicinity of the opening of the concentrating groove) contributes to an increase in the condensing ratio, thereby further reducing the thickness of the double-sided concentrating solar device.
  • each concentrating groove may be empty or made of a transparent material, which enables the photovoltaic panels 320, 320' to be exposed to both sides, so that a double-sided photovoltaic panel may be preferably employed.
  • a single-sided photovoltaic panel can also be used, i.e., the photovoltaic panel receives only light from the opening of the concentrating trench in which it is located.
  • the embodiment further includes transparent top covers 330, 3 30' made of Fresnel lenses, which are respectively disposed at the openings of the front concentrating groove and the back concentrating groove. Also, transparent or reflective end caps (not shown) are provided at both ends of the concentrating groove to close all the photovoltaic panels and the reflective surface.
  • a liquid working medium may be further provided for heat dissipation or thermal energy utilization.
  • the formed closed container may be provided with a pipe connection 341, 342 which is connectable to the external pipe to facilitate heat exchange with the outside through the flow of the working medium.
  • the double-sided concentrating solar device according to the present invention may be used alone or in combination with other devices to form a more advantageous solar energy system, as exemplified below.
  • FIG. 4 One embodiment of a double-sided concentrating solar energy system in accordance with the present invention can be seen in reference to FIG. 4, including a double-sided concentrating solar device 400 and a side reflective panel 451.
  • the double-sided concentrating solar device 400 may employ any of the structures according to the present invention, such as the structures described in the foregoing embodiments 1 to 3. In current solar power systems, it acts as a light energy utilization device having double-sided light receiving capability.
  • a side reflective panel 451 is disposed on a side of the device 400.
  • the reflective surface of the side reflection panel 451 is a curved surface.
  • a plane, a folded surface, or a reflective Fresnel lens surface may also be used.
  • the side reflective panel is adapted to at least partially reflect the received sunlight into the opening of the front side of the device 400 or the opening of the counter collecting spot.
  • the device 400 is arranged such that the photovoltaic panel therein is in a substantially vertical state.
  • the photovoltaic panel may also be disposed relatively flat or obliquely, depending on the installation manner and geography of the system. The environment is designed.
  • the embodiment further includes a bottom reflective panel 452 and a forward reflective panel 453.
  • the bottom reflective panel 452 is disposed below the device 400, which is disposed substantially horizontally and may also be slightly inclined.
  • the front reflective panel 453 is away from the side of the bottom reflective panel 452 away from the side reflective panel 451 Front extension.
  • the angle between the forward reflecting reflector and the bottom reflecting panel is an obtuse angle, which may be fixed, and preferably may also be designed to be adjustable in size. That is, the connection between the forward reflecting reflector and the bottom reflecting panel is made movable so that the tilt angle of the forward reflecting panel can be adaptively adjusted according to the seasonal variation of the sun.
  • the system of the present embodiment can also pass through a peripheral cover, such as a transparent front cover 461 (shown by a dotted line in FIG. 4) disposed in front of the side reflective panel and end caps on both sides of the side reflective panel (not Illustrated), etc., formed as a closed cavity, thereby enclosing the reflective surface of the side reflective panel, the reflective surface of the bottom reflective panel, and the device 400 in the cavity.
  • a peripheral cover such as a transparent front cover 461 (shown by a dotted line in FIG. 4) disposed in front of the side reflective panel and end caps on both sides of the side reflective panel (not Illustrated), etc., formed as a closed cavity, thereby enclosing the reflective surface of the side reflective panel, the reflective surface of the bottom reflective panel, and the device 400 in the cavity.
  • FIG. 5 Another embodiment of a double-sided concentrating solar power system in accordance with the present invention can be seen in FIG. 5, including a double-sided concentrating solar device 500, a side reflective panel 551, and a bottom reflective panel 552.
  • the system of the present embodiment is a closed structure, and the device 500 and the reflective panels are located in a cavity 560 formed by a plurality of peripheral cover plates. At least the front cover 561 of the plurality of peripheral covers is transparent.
  • the device 500 is supported substantially horizontally on the bottom reflective panel 552 by a support structure 501.
  • the side reflecting panel 551 is disposed on a side of the device 500.
  • the present embodiment further includes a Fresnel lens 570 disposed on the optical path before the sunlight is incident on the side reflection panel 551, specifically, at the upper portion of the front cover 561.
  • Fresnel lens 570 is selected from the group consisting of a linear Fresnel lens and a partial Fresnel lens that can be used to deflect sunlight downwards to help the system increase the concentration ratio.
  • linear Fresnel lens means that the focus center of the lens is not a point but a line.
  • partial Fresnel lens means that the tooth surface of the Fresnel lens is not a complete symmetrical pattern but only a part thereof, for example, a portion formed by cutting a complete circular Fresnel lens from a position close to the diameter. Fresnel lens.
  • FIG. 6 Another embodiment of a double-sided concentrating solar energy system in accordance with the present invention can be seen in FIG. 6, including a double-sided concentrating solar device 600, a side reflective panel 651, and a bottom reflective panel 652.
  • This embodiment employs a closed structure similar to that of Embodiment 5, which is entirely located in the cavity 660, but no Fresnel lens is disposed on the transparent front cover 661 of the peripheral cover.
  • the embodiment further includes two auxiliary reflective panels 654 and 655, each of which It is disposed above the bottom reflective panel 652.
  • the device 600 is arranged such that the photovoltaic panels therein are in a substantially horizontal state, and the two auxiliary reflective panels are used to direct light incident below the device 600 directly or indirectly (through the bottom reflective panel 652) to the opening of the device 600 In the concentrating groove facing down.
  • This embodiment can be used as a basic unit of a solar wall, that is, a solar tile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种双面聚光太阳能装置和系统，其中装置包括一正面聚光槽（110），一反面聚光槽（110'）和设置在每个聚光槽的底部的光伏板（120）。每个聚光槽包括沿底部延伸的两个槽壁（111,112；111',112'），两个槽壁彼此相对的面为反光面，两个槽壁敞开的一侧形成为该聚光槽的开口，正面聚光槽（110）的开口方向与反面聚光槽（110'）的开口方向相反。依据该双面聚光太阳能装置，能够从两个不同的方向会聚和接收太阳光（LL），从而增强对方向的适应能力并扩展装置的安装方式。

Description

双面聚光太阳能装置和系统 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及清洁能源技术领域， 具体涉及一种双面聚光太阳能装置。
背景技术
[0002] 随着对清洁能源的需求日益增加， 太阳能系统得到了越来越广泛的应用。 其中 ， 带有聚光装置的聚光太阳能系统由于能量集中度高， 尤为受到重视。
[0003] 当前的聚光太阳能系统主要采用单面受光的方式， 即， 只从一个方向接收太阳 光， 因此其安装方式受到较大的限制。 而且， 在不与跟日系统结合使用的情况 下， 其发电时间也会受到限制。
[0004] 因此， 有必要研究成本经济、 具有更好适应能力的聚光太阳能系统。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0005] 依据本发明的一方面提供一种双面聚光太阳能装置， 包括一正面聚光槽， 一反 面聚光槽和设置在每个聚光槽的底部的光伏板。 每个聚光槽包括沿底部延伸的 两个槽壁， 两个槽壁彼此相对的面为反光面， 两个槽壁敞开的一侧形成为该聚 光槽的开口， 该开口的横向尺寸大于底部的横向尺寸。 正面聚光槽的开口方向 与反面聚光槽的开口方向相反。
[0006] 基于不同的实施方式， 聚光槽的反射面可以是普通镜面， 也可以包含反射式菲 涅尔透镜面。 正面聚光槽和反面聚光槽可以镜像对称布置， 二者共用底部的双 面光伏板； 也可以彼此背靠背布置并错开一设定距离； 还可以彼此交错地布置 形成为波浪式的凹凸结构。
[0007] 依据本发明的另一方面提供一种双面聚光太阳能系统， 包括前述双面聚光太阳 能装置和一侧面反射面板。 侧面反射面板设置在双面聚光太阳能装置的一旁侧 。 侧面反射面板的反光面选自： 平面， 折面， 曲面， 反射式菲涅尔透镜面。 侧 面反射面板用于将接收到的太阳光至少部分地反射到双面聚光太阳能装置的正 面聚光槽或者反面聚光槽的开口中。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0008] 依据本发明的双面聚光太阳能装置， 能够从两个不同的方向接收太阳光， 从而 增强对方向的适应能力并扩展装置的安装方式。 且双面聚光太阳能装置还可进 一步与设置在周边的反射面板配合形成太阳能系统， 进一步增强对光线的收集 能力并提高聚光比。
[0009] 以下结合附图， 对依据本发明的具体示例进行详细说明。 本文中所使用的表示 位置的词语， 例如“上”、 “下”、 “前”、 “后”、 “正”、 “反”、 “侧面”、 “顶部”、 “底 部”等， 仅表示相对的位置关系， 不具有绝对性的含义。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0010] 图 1是实施例 1的双面聚光太阳能装置的示意图；
[0011] 图 2是实施例 2的双面聚光太阳能装置的示意图；
[0012] 图 3是实施例 3的双面聚光太阳能装置的示意图；
[0013] 图 4是实施例 4的双面聚光太阳能系统的示意图；
[0014] 图 5是实施例 5的双面聚光太阳能系统的示意图；
[0015] 图 6是实施例 6的双面聚光太阳能系统的示意图。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0016] 具体实施方式
[0017] 实施例 1
[0018] 依据本发明的双面聚光太阳能装置的一种实施方式可参考图 1， 图 1示出了垂直 于该装置中的光伏板的一个纵向截面。 该装置包括多个正面聚光槽 110 , 多个反 面聚光槽 110'和光伏板 120。 图中的 LL表示太阳光， 其光路以箭头示意， 下同。
[0019] 正面聚光槽 110包括沿底部延伸的两个槽壁 111和 112 , 两个槽壁彼此相对的面 为反光面， 两个槽壁敞开的一侧形成为该聚光槽的开口， 该开口的横向尺寸大 于底部的横向尺寸。 反面聚光槽 110'具有与正面聚光槽类似的结构， 包括沿底部 延伸的两个槽壁 11 r和 112' 只不过反面聚光槽的开口方向与正面聚光槽的开口 方向相反。
[0020] 本实施例中， 各个聚光槽 （正面的或反面的） 的反光面都是光滑镜面。 在其他 实施方式中， 聚光槽的反光面也可以全部或部分地采用反射式菲涅尔透镜面。 反射式菲涅尔透镜是指在背面镀有反射膜或者设置有反光面的菲涅尔透镜， 其 远离反光面的另一表面即被称为反射式菲涅尔透镜面。
[0021] 本实施例中， 正面聚光槽 110与反面聚光槽 110'成镜像对称设置， 它们的底部重 合在一起， 因此光伏板 120可采用由双面光伏电池 （bifacial solar cell） 制成的双 面光伏板， 设置在正面聚光槽 110与反面聚光槽 110'共同的底部， 由二者共用， 从而减少光伏板的使用数量。 这种情况下， 该底部可以为空或者由透明材料制 成， 使得经过正面聚光槽和反面聚光槽会聚的光线分别照射到双面光伏板的一 个面上。 在其他实施方式中， 正面聚光槽与反面聚光槽可以不对称， 例如可具 有不同的槽壁倾斜角度； 也可以不具有重合的底部， 例如彼此偏移错开， 或者 各自独立。 因此， 设置在每个聚光槽的底部的光伏板可根据是否需要双面受光 来选择合适的类型。
[0022] 本实施例中， 聚光槽的两个槽壁的反光面与底部的夹角不同， 一者为直角， 另 一为钝角。 在其他实施方式中， 聚光槽的两个槽壁也可以是对称的， 即， 两个 槽壁的反光面与底部的夹角相同。
[0023] 作为一种优选的实施方式， 本实施例还包括透明顶盖 130 （图 1中以点线示出）
， 设置在正面聚光槽 110的开口处。 透明顶盖 130可以是简单的光滑平面盖板， 例如以玻璃或塑料制成， 起到遮挡灰尘的作用。 透明顶盖也可以优选地采用菲 涅尔透镜， 以进一步起到增强聚光比的作用。 在其他实施方式中， 反面聚光槽 的开口处也可以设置透明顶盖。 或者， 可以在正面聚光槽或者反面聚光槽的一 端部处设置端盖， 端盖可采用透明材料制成， 或者端盖朝向聚光槽内部的面为 反光面。 或者， 还可以在正面聚光槽或者反面聚光槽的两端均设置端盖， 从而 形成一个封闭的结构。 [0024] 本实施例中通过两面的聚光槽共用光伏板来节省光伏板的使用量， 但这会增加 对散热的要求。 在其他实施方式中， 两面的聚光槽也可以各自使用单面光伏板 ， 并使用散热性良好的金属来制作聚光槽的底部， 以获得更好的散热效果。
[0025] 实施例 2
[0026] 依据本发明的双面聚光太阳能装置的另一种实施方式可参考图 2, 图 2示出了垂 直于该装置中的光伏板的一个纵向截面。 该装置包括多个正面聚光槽 210, 多个 反面聚光槽 210'以及分别设置在正面聚光槽和反面聚光槽的底部的光伏板 220, 220
[0027] 本实施例中的聚光槽与实施例 1中的聚光槽的区别在于， 其槽壁采用对称结构 ， 即， 两个槽壁的反光面与底部的夹角相同。
[0028] 并且， 本实施例中的正面聚光槽 210与反面聚光槽 210'的底部位于同一平面， 且 彼此错开一设定距离 d。 这种情况下， 光伏板 220, 220'可分别采用单面光伏板， 且 位于正反面的光伏板也彼此错开该距离 d。
[0029] 作为一种优选的实施方式， 聚光槽的底部可采用不透光的金属材料制成， 而底 部错开的距离 d优选为底部的宽度 （即光伏板 220, 220'的宽度） w的一半。 这种设 计能有效提高装置的散热性能。
[0030] 实施例 3
[0031] 依据本发明的双面聚光太阳能装置的另一种实施方式可参考图 3 , 图 3示出了垂 直于该装置中的光伏板的一个纵向截面。 该装置包括多个正面聚光槽 310, 多个 反面聚光槽 310'以及分别设置在正面聚光槽和反面聚光槽的底部的光伏板 320, 320
[0032] 在实施例 1和 2中， 正面聚光槽和反面聚光槽各自形成为一层， 其底部位于同一 平面， 这使得装置的整体结构比较厚。 而本实施例中， 正面聚光槽和反面聚光 槽被布置在同一层， 具体地， 正面聚光槽 310的开口与反面聚光槽 310'的底部位 于同一平面， 两种聚光槽彼此交错地布置， 相邻的正面聚光槽与反面聚光槽共 用槽壁 （这使得槽壁两面均为反射面） ， 整体形成为波浪式的凹凸结构。 这种 布置方式大大降低了双面聚光太阳能装置的厚度。
[0033] 优选地， 本实施例中的正面聚光槽和反面聚光槽均可部分地采用反射式菲涅尔 透镜面 （例如在聚光槽的开口的附近采用反射式菲涅尔透镜面） ， 这有助于增 加聚光比， 从而进一步降低双面聚光太阳能装置的厚度。
[0034] 每个聚光槽的底部可以为空或者由透明材料制成， 这使得光伏板 320, 320'所处 的位置能够两面受光， 因此可优选采用双面光伏板。 当然， 也可以采用单面光 伏板， 即， 光伏板仅接收来自所在的聚光槽的开口的光。
[0035] 作为一种优选的实施方式， 本实施例还包括以菲涅尔透镜制成的透明顶盖 330, 3 30'， 分别设置在正面聚光槽和反面聚光槽的开口处。 并且， 聚光槽的两端还设 置有透明或反光的端盖 （未图示） ， 从而将所有光伏板和反光面都封闭起来。 在封闭的正面或反面聚光槽中， 还可进一步设置液体工质， 以用于散热或进行 热能利用。 优选地， 所形成的封闭的容器上还可设置有能够与外部管道连接的 管道接口 341， 342， 以便于通过工质的流动与外界进行热交换。
[0036] 依据本发明的双面聚光太阳能装置可以单独使用， 也可以与其他器件进一步结 合以形成更有利的太阳能系统， 示例说明如下。
[0037] 实施例 4
[0038] 依据本发明的双面聚光太阳能系统的一种实施方式可参考图 4, 包括一双面聚 光太阳能装置 400和一侧面反射面板 451。
[0039] 双面聚光太阳能装置 400可采用依据本发明的任意一种结构， 例如前述实施例 1 至 3中所描述的结构。 在当前太阳能系统中， 其充当为一具有双面受光能力的光 能利用装置。
[0040] 侧面反射面板 451设置在装置 400的一旁侧。 本实施例中， 侧面反射面板 451的 反光面为曲面， 在其他实施方式中， 也可以采用平面， 折面， 或反射式菲涅尔 透镜面。 侧面反射面板用于将接收到的太阳光至少部分地反射到装置 400的正面 聚光槽或者反面聚光槽的开口中。 本实施例中， 装置 400被布置为使其中的光伏 板处于基本竖直的状态， 在其他实施方式中， 也可以将光伏板相对平躺或倾斜 地设置， 具体可根据系统的安装方式以及地理环境进行设计。
[0041] 作为一种优选的实施方式， 本实施例还包括一底部反射面板 452和一前伸反射 面板 453。 底部反射面板 452设置在装置 400的下方， 其基本水平地布置， 也可以 略有倾斜。 前伸反射面板 453从底部反射面板 452远离侧面反射面板 451的一侧向 前延伸。 前伸反射面板与底部反射面板之间的夹角为钝角， 该夹角可以是固定 的， 优选地也可以被设计为大小可调的。 即， 将前伸反射面板与底部反射面板 之间的连接制作成活动式的， 使得能够根据太阳季节性的角度变化对前伸反射 面板的倾斜角进行适应性地调整。
[0042] 此外， 本实施例的系统还可以通过周边盖板， 例如设置在侧面反射面板前方的 透明前盖 461 （如图 4中点线所示） 以及侧面反射面板两侧的端盖 （未图示） 等 ， 形成为一个封闭的腔体， 从而将侧面反射面板的反光面、 底部反射面板的反 光面以及装置 400封闭在该腔体中。
[0043] 实施例 5
[0044] 依据本发明的双面聚光太阳能系统的另一种实施方式可参考图 5 , 包括双面聚 光太阳能装置 500， 侧面反射面板 551和底部反射面板 552。
[0045] 本实施例系统为封闭式结构， 装置 500和各反射面板位于若干周边盖板形成的 腔体 560中。 若干周边盖板中至少前盖 561是透明的。
[0046] 装置 500通过支撑结构 501基本水平地支撑在底部反射面板 552上。 侧面反射面 板 551设置在装置 500的一旁侧。
[0047] 作为一种优选的实施方式， 本实施例还包括一菲涅尔透镜 570, 设置在太阳光 入射到侧面反射面板 551之前的光路上， 具体地， 设置在前盖 561的上部。 菲涅 尔透镜 570选自线型菲涅尔透镜和部分菲涅尔透镜， 可用于将太阳光向下偏转以 帮助系统提高聚光比。 所称“线型菲涅尔透镜”是指透镜的聚焦中心不是一个点而 是一条线。 所称“部分菲涅尔透镜”是指菲涅尔透镜的齿面不是完整的对称图案而 只是其中的一部分， 例如将完整的圆形菲涅尔透镜从靠近直径的地方切开而形 成的部分菲涅尔透镜。
[0048] 实施例 6
[0049] 依据本发明的双面聚光太阳能系统的另一种实施方式可参考图 6 , 包括双面聚 光太阳能装置 600， 侧面反射面板 651和底部反射面板 652。
[0050] 本实施例采用与实施例 5类似的封闭式结构， 整体位于腔体 660中， 不过周边盖 板的透明前盖 661上没有设置菲涅尔透镜。
[0051] 作为一种优选的实施方式， 本实施例还包括两个辅助反射面板 654和 655， 各自 设置在底部反射面板 652的上方。 装置 600被布置为使其中的光伏板处于基本水 平的状态， 两个辅助反射面板用于将入射到装置 600的下方的光线直接地或者间 接地 （通过底部反射面板 652） 引导到装置 600的开口朝下的聚光槽中。
[0052] 本实施例可用作太阳能墙的一个基本单元， 即太阳能砖。
[0053]
[0054] 以上应用具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述， 应该理解， 以上实 施方式只是用于帮助理解本发明， 而不应理解为对本发明的限制。 对于本领域 的一般技术人员， 依据本发明的思想， 可以对上述具体实施方式进行变化。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种双面聚光太阳能装置， 其特征在于， 包括
一正面聚光槽， 一反面聚光槽和设置在每个聚光槽的底部的光伏板， 每个聚光槽包括沿底部延伸的两个槽壁， 所述两个槽壁彼此相对的面 为反光面， 所述两个槽壁敞开的一侧形成为该聚光槽的开口， 所述开 口的横向尺寸大于所述底部的横向尺寸，
所述正面聚光槽的开口方向与所述反面聚光槽的开口方向相反。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能装置， 其特征在于，
所述聚光槽的两个槽壁的反光面的至少一部分为反射式菲涅尔透镜面
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能装置， 其特征在于，
所述聚光槽的两个槽壁的反光面与底部的夹角相同， 或者， 所述聚光槽的两个槽壁的反光面与底部的夹角不同， 一者为直角， 另 一为钝角。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能装置， 其特征在于，
所述正面聚光槽与所述反面聚光槽成镜像对称设置，
所述光伏板为双面光伏板， 设置在所述正面聚光槽和所述反面聚光槽 的共同的底部， 由二者共用。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能装置， 其特征在于，
所述正面聚光槽与所述反面聚光槽的底部位于同一平面， 且彼此错开 一设定距离，
所述底部采用金属材料制成， 所述设定距离优选为所述底部的宽度的 一半。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 1所述的太阳能装置， 其特征在于，
所述正面聚光槽的开口与所述反面聚光槽的底部位于同一平面， 两种 聚光槽彼此交错地布置， 相邻的正面聚光槽与反面聚光槽共用槽壁， 整体形成为波浪式的凹凸结构，
所述光伏板为双面光伏板， 每个聚光槽的底部为空或者由透明材料制 成。
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 1至 6任意一项所述的太阳能装置， 其特征在于，
还包括一透明顶盖或一端盖，
所述透明顶盖包括菲涅尔透镜， 设置在正面聚光槽或者反面聚光槽的 开口处，
所述端盖设置在正面聚光槽或者反面聚光槽的一端部处， 所述端盖采 用透明材料制成， 或者所述端盖朝向聚光槽内部的面为反光面。
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 1至 6任意一项所述的太阳能装置， 其特征在于，
所述正面聚光槽或者反面聚光槽形成为封闭的容器， 其中设置有液体 工质， 优选地， 所述封闭的容器上还设置有能够与外部管道连接的管 道接口。
[权利要求 9] 一种双面聚光太阳能系统， 其特征在于， 包括
如权利要求 1至 8任意一项所述的太阳能装置，
一侧面反射面板， 设置在所述太阳能装置的一旁侧， 所述侧面反射面 板的反光面选自： 平面， 折面， 曲面， 反射式菲涅尔透镜面， 所述侧面反射面板用于将接收到的太阳光至少部分地反射到所述太阳 能装置的正面聚光槽或者反面聚光槽的开口中。
[权利要求 10] 如权利要求 9所述的系统， 其特征在于， 还包括
一底部反射面板， 设置在所述太阳能装置的下方， 所述太阳能装置被 布置为使其中的光伏板处于基本水平或竖直的状态。
[权利要求 11] 如权利要求 10所述的系统， 其特征在于， 还包括
至少一个辅助反射面板， 设置在所述底部反射面板的上方， 所述太阳 能装置被布置为使其中的光伏板处于基本水平的状态， 所述辅助反射 面板用于将入射到所述太阳能装置的下方的光线直接地或者间接地引 导到所述太阳能装置的开口朝下的聚光槽中， 或者 一前伸反射面板， 从所述底部反射面板远离所述侧面反射面板的一侧 向前延伸， 所述前伸反射面板与所述底部反射面板之间的夹角为钝角 ， 优选地， 所述前伸反射面板与所述底部反射面板之间的夹角大小可 调。
[权利要求 12] 如权利要求 9至 11任意一项所述的系统， 其特征在于， 还包括
周边盖板， 用于将所述太阳能系统形成为一个封闭的腔体， 所述侧面 反射面板的反光面以及所述太阳能装置位于所述腔体中。
[权利要求 13] 如权利要求 9至 11任意一项所述的系统， 其特征在于， 还包括
一菲涅尔透镜， 设置在太阳光入射到所述侧面反射面板之前的光路上 ， 用于向下散光， 所述菲涅尔透镜选自线型菲涅尔透镜和部分菲涅尔 透镜。
PCT/CN2018/085992 2018-05-08 2018-05-08 双面聚光太阳能装置和系统 Ceased WO2019213834A1 (zh)

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