WO2019227965A1 - 一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台 - Google Patents

一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019227965A1
WO2019227965A1 PCT/CN2019/074253 CN2019074253W WO2019227965A1 WO 2019227965 A1 WO2019227965 A1 WO 2019227965A1 CN 2019074253 W CN2019074253 W CN 2019074253W WO 2019227965 A1 WO2019227965 A1 WO 2019227965A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lifting
tower
platform
offshore platform
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/074253
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李涛
兰公英
杨小亮
陆海波
金军
赵荣强
杨深麟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siebenhaar Shanghai Offshore Equipment Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Siebenhaar Shanghai Offshore Equipment Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siebenhaar Shanghai Offshore Equipment Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Siebenhaar Shanghai Offshore Equipment Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP19737467.1A priority Critical patent/EP3594101B1/en
Priority to DK19737467.1T priority patent/DK3594101T3/da
Priority to US16/480,633 priority patent/US11214937B2/en
Publication of WO2019227965A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019227965A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/04—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction
    • E02B17/08—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering
    • E02B17/0836—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering with climbing jacks
    • E02B17/0863—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering with climbing jacks with rack and pawl mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/16—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of lifts or hoists
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B79/00—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation
    • B63B79/10—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation using sensors, e.g. pressure sensors, strain gauges or accelerometers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B79/00—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation
    • B63B79/40—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation for controlling the operation of vessels, e.g. monitoring their speed, routing or maintenance schedules
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
    • E01D15/24—Bridges or similar structures, based on land or on a fixed structure and designed to give access to ships or other floating structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/021—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/04—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction
    • E02B17/08—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/006—Platforms with supporting legs with lattice style supporting legs

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of offshore platforms, and in particular, to an offshore platform boarding device and an offshore platform.
  • Offshore platforms are structures that provide production and living facilities for activities such as drilling, oil production, consolidation, observation, navigation, and construction at sea. According to its structural characteristics and working conditions, it can be divided into fixed and movable.
  • the lower part of the fixed platform is directly supported and fixed to the sea floor by piles, enlarged footings or other structures.
  • the movable platform floats in the water or is supported on the sea floor, and can be displaced from one well to another.
  • the existing offshore platform is very inconvenient when loading or unloading people or cargo.
  • the fixed piles supporting the role buried in the sea are contracted, and the entire offshore platform is lowered to the surface, so that the ship can dock at the edge of the offshore platform To load and unload personnel.
  • This method is very energy-consuming, wastes a lot of time, and will interrupt the normal operation of the offshore platform, resulting in very poor flexibility of the offshore platform.
  • This application provides an offshore platform boarding device and an offshore platform, the purpose of which is to solve the existing offshore platform.
  • the entire platform needs to be lowered to the surface of the sea.
  • the normal operation of the platform needs to be interrupted for each loading and unloading.
  • An offshore platform boarding device includes a lifting tower, wherein the lifting tower is provided with a climbing device, and the lifting tower is provided with a transmission structure; and a pile fixing frame is provided with a supply structure.
  • a limiting device is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the lifting tower, and the limiting device limits the movable range of the lifting platform on the lifting tower.
  • it further comprises at least one set of rollers, the at least one set of rollers is installed on the lifting platform adjacent to the second moon pool and cooperates with the transmission structure, and the at least one set of rollers is configured to make the The lifting platform slides up and down along the lifting tower.
  • the interior of the lifting platform is hollow.
  • the climbing device includes at least a staircase and an elevator, the staircase is arranged on the lifting tower from top to bottom, an upper end of the staircase is connected to a pile fixing frame, a lower end is rotatably connected to a movable ladder, and the lower end of the movable ladder It is slid on the upper surface of the lifting platform and is used to connect the lifting platform with the stair.
  • the lower end of the stair is provided with a limiting device that limits the rotation angle of the moving ladder to 15 ° -60 °.
  • the elevator It is arranged on the lifting tower.
  • the hoisting unit includes a speed reduction device and a power device, an output end of the power device is connected to an input end of the speed reduction device, and an output end of the speed reduction device is matched with the transmission structure.
  • each group of the roller supporting devices includes a base, a roller, and a roller frame, and the base is installed on a solid On a pile frame, the roller frame is mounted on the base, the roller is rotatably connected to one side of the roller frame, and the roller abuts against the lifting tower, and when the lifting tower rises When descending, the roller rotates in a vertical direction around its own axis.
  • a wedge-shaped groove is formed between the upper part of the roller frame and the lifting tower.
  • a wedge-shaped wedge for abutting the wedge-shaped groove is inserted into the wedge-shaped groove.
  • the sensor is installed below the pile fixing frame for sensing the distance between the lifting platform and the pile fixing frame, and the electric control system and the lifting unit are respectively The elevator and the sensor are communicatively connected.
  • An offshore platform includes the above-mentioned offshore platform boarding device.
  • the hoisting unit drives the transmission structure to move the lifting tower up, thereby lifting the lifting platform out of the sea; when the offshore platform needs to be stationed At this time, the hoisting unit drives the transmission structure to move the hoisting tower down, and then lowers the hoisting platform to land on the sea.
  • this application provides an offshore platform boarding device and an offshore platform, which bring at least one of the following technical effects:
  • An offshore platform boarding device and an offshore platform of the present application do not need to lower the entire offshore platform to the height of the sea when loading or unloading of personnel or cargo is required to make the ship dock.
  • the loading and unloading of people or goods can be completed quickly.
  • When loading and unloading goods there is no need to stop the normal operation of the offshore platform, saving energy consumption and time, improving work efficiency, and increasing the service life of the offshore platform.
  • This application applies to an offshore platform boarding device and an offshore platform.
  • the entire offshore platform boarding device can be retracted from the sea without affecting the normal navigation of the entire offshore platform. The impact is small.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore platform boarding device and an offshore platform of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a pile-fixing frame
  • Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of the lifting platform
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a roller supporting device
  • FIG. 5 is an A-A view of the lifting device in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting device
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of an offshore platform boarding device and an offshore platform according to the present application.
  • Lifting platform 3-1. At least one set of rollers, 3-2. Ship mooring column,
  • the present application provides an offshore platform boarding device, including: a lifting tower 1, which is provided with a climbing device, and The lifting tower 1 is provided with a transmission structure 1-1; the pile fixing frame 2 is provided with a first moon pool through which the lifting tower 1 passes; the lifting unit 2-1, so The hoisting unit 2-1 is installed on the pile fixing frame 2, and the hoisting unit 2-1 is configured to cooperate with the transmission structure 1-1 to lift the lifting tower 1; the lifting platform 3, which is provided in the lifting platform 3 There is a second moon pool for the lifting tower 1 to pass through, the lifting platform 3 is connected to the lifting tower 1 through the climbing device, and the lifting platform 3 is located below the pile fixing frame 2.
  • the hoisting tower 1 should be composed of at least three tower piles 1-4, otherwise it cannot form a stable frame sufficient to resist the waves and currents.
  • the lifting tower 1 is composed of four tower piles 1-4, and the cross section is a regular quadrangle.
  • Each tower pile 1-4 independently corresponds to a group of lifting units 2-1.
  • four sets of hoisting units 2-1 work at the same time, in order to ensure that the movement of the hoisting tower 1 is stable and does not shake.
  • the lifting tower 1 may be composed of three tower piles 1-4 to form a triangular lifting tower 1 with a triangular cross-section, or other schemes may be used to form a stable lifting tower 1. It is necessary to have one-to-one corresponding lifting units 2-1 to meet the lifting of the lifting tower 1.
  • the tower piles 1-4 and the lifting tower 1 do not have to be arranged vertically.
  • the lifting tower 1 can have a certain slope according to the situation.
  • the first moon pool and the second moon pool can adjust the structure correspondingly to the lifting tower with a slope.
  • Frame 1 the basic structure of the offshore platform boarding device is unchanged, and it is still possible to achieve the technical effect to be achieved in this application.
  • the transmission structure 1-1 is a structure in which gears and racks are matched. Specifically, the gears are detachably installed at the output end of the hoisting unit 2-1, and the racks are installed at the tower corresponding to the hoisting unit 2-1. On the piles 1-4, the gear is meshed with the rack.
  • the rack does not have to be provided on the tower piles 1-4, and may be provided on the lifting tower 1, or it may be driven by other types of transmission structures, such as belt transmission, etc.
  • the lifting tower 1 is lifted.
  • the lifting platform 3 is configured to anchor the ship, and the ship's mooring column 3-2 is provided on the edge of the lifting platform 3.
  • the ship's mooring posts 3-2 are set on the three sides where the ship can dock.
  • the ship's mooring column 3-2 is provided with a docking platform and a transitional staircase.
  • the transitional staircase extends downward from the docking platform to the three lifting platforms.
  • the ship's mooring column 3-2 is equipped with a buffer device such as a sponge or a swimming ring on the side facing the sea.
  • the ship When the offshore platform boarding device is in use, the ship can be docked on the edge of the lifting platform 3, and people and cargo can land on the lifting platform 3 by the ship's mooring column 3-2, and pass the stairs 1-2, elevator 5-3 or other forms Arrive at the pile holder 2 and land on the deck of the offshore platform.
  • the offshore platform boarding device can continue to be in use, that is, the lifting platform 3 is always on the sea surface, always ready to meet the docking of the transport ship; when the marine platform needs to be transferred, the offshore platform boarding device is switched It is a non-use state, specifically, the hoisting unit 2-1 drives the hoisting tower 1 to rise through the transmission structure 1-1, the bottom end of the hoisting tower 1 is separated from the sea, and the hoisting tower 1 drives the lifting platform 3 to rise close to the fixed pile frame. At the bottom of 2, the offshore platform can retract the supporting piles for transfer.
  • the offshore platform boarding device As the entire offshore platform boarding device is closed from the sea surface, no part of the offshore platform boarding device will affect the ocean platform while sailing, and there is no such thing as cormorant seabed reefs. When the offshore platform encounters extremely bad weather, the offshore platform boarding device should also be converted to a non-use state to prevent the waves and currents from continuously impacting the lifting platform 3 and the lifting tower 1 to cause damage to the offshore platform boarding device and the marine platform.
  • a limit position device 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the lifting tower 1, and the limit device 4 limits the movable range of the lifting platform 3 on the lifting tower 1.
  • the limiting device 4 can be set as an inverted triangle, and the contact surface between the limiting device 4 and the lifting platform 3 is provided with a buffer layer.
  • the buffer layer can be a sponge or other Made of materials to prevent damage to the lifting platform 3 and the limiting device 4 when the limiting device 4 is in contact with the bottom surface of the lifting platform 3.
  • the contact area between the limiting device 4 and the lifting platform 3 should be as large as possible, so as to reduce the pressure on the contact surface, so that the contact surface between the lifting platform 3 and the limiting device 4 can easily bear the weight of the lifting platform 3 and is not easily damaged.
  • the third embodiment referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, it further includes at least one set of rollers 3-1, and the at least one set of rollers 3-1 is installed on the lifting platform 3 adjacent to the second moon pool, In cooperation with the transmission structure 1-1, the at least one set of rollers 3-1 is configured to cause the lifting platform 3 to slide up and down along the lifting tower 1.
  • the lifting platform 3 is often subject to the impact of the waves, a force other than the elevating tower 1's erecting direction will be generated. If it is not restricted, the lifting platform 3 will easily shake and shift, causing the second moon pond inner wall and the lifting tower.
  • the frame 1 ⁇ ⁇ damages the lifting platform 3 and the lifting tower 1. Therefore, at least one set of rollers 3-1 is provided on the lifting platform 3 to restrict the lifting platform 3 from sliding up and down along the lifting tower 1.
  • the lifting tower 1 is composed of four tower piles 1-4
  • four sets of rollers 3-1 are provided on the lifting platform 3 to cooperate with the four tower piles 1-4
  • each group of rollers 3- 1 is provided with two rollers, and the two rollers abut at right angles against the two directions corresponding to the tower piles 1-4, thereby avoiding the possibility of the horizontal displacement of the lifting platform 3.
  • the four sets of rollers 3-1 cooperate with each other, so that the lifting platform 3 can only slide up and down along the lifting tower 1 to ensure the safety of personnel or goods on the lifting platform 3 during loading and unloading.
  • the number of at least one set of rollers 3-1 and multiple of each set of rollers 3-1 The matching angle of the rollers will also change accordingly.
  • the cross section of the lifting tower 1 is triangular. Accordingly, the shape of the second moon pool is matched with it.
  • a set of rollers 3-1 is provided on each tower pile 1-4.
  • Each group of rollers 3-1 has two rollers to cooperate, and the angle of the two rollers relative to the corresponding vertex of the tower piles 1-4.
  • the bisectors are set relative. This arrangement prevents the lifting platform 3 from generating horizontal or rotational movement.
  • the method of correspondingly changing the installation structure of at least one set of rollers 3-1 on the lifting platform 3 according to the structure of the lifting tower 1 is within the scope of the present application.
  • the interior of the lifting platform 3 is hollow.
  • the lifting platform 3 when the offshore platform boarding device is in use, the lifting platform 3 must have a self-adjusting function.
  • the so-called self-adjusting function is to automatically adjust the position of the lifting platform 3 on the lifting tower 1 according to the height of the sea surface, that is, lifting.
  • the inside of the lifting platform 3 is hollow.
  • the hollow portion inside the lifting platform 3 can hide air bubbles, which can cause the lifting platform 3 to generate. Buoyancy enough to float on the water.
  • the lifting platform 3 can adjust its position on the hoisting tower 1 according to the height of the sea level, without the need to manually control and adjust by mechanical or electrical systems, saving labor and energy.
  • the lifting platform 3 can be set as a box type or a skirt type.
  • box type is a structure in which the internal space of the lifting platform 3 is completely closed; the skirt type is only provided with a plate surface on the upper surface and the periphery of the lifting platform 3, which is less than the box type.
  • One floor Both design styles can satisfy the self-regulating air energy to be achieved in this application.
  • the lifting platform 3 can slide up and down on the lifting tower 1 by at least one set of rollers 3-1.
  • the lifting platform 3 will also rise and fall at a high frequency with the rapid fluctuation of the sea surface, and people will easily stand on the lifting platform 3 and be injured, and the goods will be easily damaged during shaking. Therefore, at least one set of rollers 3-1 of the present application is provided with a locking system, which can lock at least one set of rollers 3-1 and prevent them from rotating, thereby controlling the lifting platform 3 on the lifting tower 1 In a fixed position.
  • the locking system can be manually opened and closed mechanically, and it can also be controlled by the electrical system of the offshore platform.
  • the lifting platform 3 should be locked at the position of the highest peak of current sea level, so as to reduce the pressure of at least one set of rollers 3-1 through occasional buoyancy. Do not allow the seawater to flow over the lifting platform 3 and hurt people or goods on the lifting platform 3.
  • the climbing device includes at least a staircase 1-2 and an elevator 5-3, and the staircase 1-2 is arranged on the lifting tower 1 from top to bottom.
  • the upper end of the stairs 1-2 is connected to the pile fixing frame 2, and the lower end is rotatably connected to a movable ladder 1-3.
  • the lower end of the movable ladder 1-3 slides on the upper surface of the lifting platform 3 for connecting the lifting platform 3 and the lifting platform 3.
  • a staircase 1-2, a lower end of the staircase 1-2 is provided with a limiting device 4 for limiting the rotation angle of the movable ladder 1-3 between 15 ° and 60 °, and the elevator 5-3 is arranged on the lifting tower Shelf 1.
  • the stairs 1-2 can be arranged in the space inside the lifting tower 1.
  • the stairs 1-2 are the turning stairs 1-2, and each adjacent two upper and lower stairs 1-2
  • the middle transition part is a platform type, which can be convenient for the escalators to rest or temporarily place cargo.
  • the lower end of the stairs 1-2 is connected with a movable ladder 1-3, and the lower end of the movable ladder 1-3 slides on the upper surface of the lifting platform 3.
  • the height of the lifting platform 3 fluctuates.
  • the movable ladder 1-3 can change its angle to adapt to the height change of the lifting platform 3.
  • the bottom end of the movable ladder 1-3 can be set as a pulley, or a matching movable ladder 1 can be set on the upper surface of the lifting platform 3.
  • the channel at the bottom is convenient for the bottom of the movable ladder 1-3 to glide on the lifting platform 3; Considering the discomfort of the loading and unloading personnel, or the possibility of heavy cargo that is not convenient to take the stairs 1-2, it can be used.
  • An elevator 5-3 is installed on the lifting tower 1 to solve the above problems. When the elevator 5-3 runs to the lowest position, it can correspond to the upper platform of the movable ladder 1-3. After the elevator or the person or the cargo is removed from the elevator 5-3, the movable ladder 1 can be used. -3 Move to 3 lifts.
  • a pedestrian passageway connecting one end to the stairs 1-2 and the elevator 5-3 and the other end connecting to the offshore platform may be provided, and a pedestrian passageway may be provided on the upper surface of the pile fixing frame 2 to facilitate personnel walking and cargo handling.
  • the hoisting unit 2-1 includes a reduction gear 2-1-1 and a power unit 2-1-2, and the output of the power unit 2-1-2
  • the terminal is connected to the input terminal of the speed reduction device 2-1-1, and the output terminal of the speed reduction device 2-1-1 is matched with the transmission structure 1-1.
  • the power unit 2-1-2 may be a motor
  • the reduction unit 2-1-1 uses a differential planetary reducer gear box and a terminal reducer gear box to perform two-stage reduction.
  • the reason for the two-stage deceleration of the reduction gear box is that the volume of the offshore platform boarding device in this application is relatively small.
  • the reduction gear box The volume will be too large, so two reduction gears are used to achieve two-stage deceleration to achieve the final output power that meets the specifications.
  • the power output of the motor is detachably connected to the power input of the differential planetary reducer gear box, and the power output of the differential planetary reducer gear box is detachably connected to the power input of the terminal reducer gear box.
  • Example 1 The power output end of the gear box of the terminal reducer is detachably connected to the gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack on the lifting tower 1 to form a transmission structure 1-1, so that the motor drives the gear to rotate on the rack and drives the lift
  • the tower 1 moves up and down.
  • the braking device in the power device 2-1-2 can stop the lifting of the lifting tower 1 at any time, and can keep the posture of the lifting tower 1 still.
  • a power unit 2-1-2 other than a motor, or a reduction unit 2-1-1 of another type of reduction gear box may be selected, and two reduction gear boxes are not necessarily required to complete the reduction.
  • the outer surface of the reduction gear 2-1-1 in this embodiment is extended with a plurality of ribs that are perpendicular to the outer surface of the reduction gear 2-1-1 and are close to the mounting surface of the reduction gear 2-1-1.
  • the reinforcing ribs can maintain the normal posture of the speed reduction device 2-1-1, and assist the lifting tower 1 to maintain the normal posture of stationary or moving.
  • the device 2-2 includes a base 2-2-1, a roller 2-2-2, and a roller frame 2-2-3.
  • the base 2-2-1 is mounted on the pile holder 2 and the roller frame 2- 2-3 is mounted on the base 2-2-1, the roller 2-2-2 is rotatably connected to one side of the roller frame 2-2-3, and the roller 2-2-2 and
  • the lifting tower 1 abuts, and when the lifting tower 1 is raised or lowered, the roller 2-2-2 rotates in a vertical direction around its own axis.
  • the roller supporting device 2-2 is used to limit the lifting tower 1 in the first moon pool to prevent the lifting tower 1 from being driven by the ocean current or the waves. 1 Disengage the hoisting unit 2-1. Because the wedge structure can withstand large instantaneous or continuous forces, and the structure is stable, in this embodiment, the roller frame 2-2-3 uses a wedge structure, and the roller frame 2-2-3 faces the tower pile 1-4. There is a space for installing the roller 2-2-2 on the side. The roller 2-2-2 is rotatably installed in the roller frame 2-2-3, and the wheel surface is set toward the tower pile 1-4. The roller of the roller 2-2-2 The surface should slightly protrude from the plane where the right-angled surface is located, and the wheel surface abuts on the tower piles 1-4.
  • the roller support device 2-2 is the same as the hoisting unit 2-1, corresponding to the four tower piles 1-4 respectively. There are four sets of roller support devices 2-2, each set of roller support devices 2-2 and the lifting unit 2-1 on the corresponding tower piles 1-4 are arranged at right angles, completely sealing the space where the lifting tower 1 may produce horizontal displacement. .
  • the roller 2-2-2 adopts a wide wheel surface roller to increase the contact area between the roller 2-2-2 and the tower pile 1-4, thereby increasing the friction between the roller 2-2-2 and the tower pile 1-4.
  • multiple rollers 2-2-2 in each group of roller support device 2-2 may also be mounted on multiple roller frames 2-2-3, and multiple roller frames 2- 2-3 are installed on the base 2-2-1.
  • the rollers 2-2-2 rotate close to the tower piles 1-4.
  • the side surfaces of the roller frame 2-2-3 and the base 2-2-1 of this embodiment respectively extend a plurality of ribs perpendicular to the side surfaces of the roller frame 2-2-3 and the base 2-2-1. It is configured to enhance the ability of the set of roller supporting devices 2-2 to withstand forces in various directions.
  • a wedge-shaped groove is formed between the upper part of the roller frame 2-2-3 and the lifting tower 1.
  • the wedge-shaped groove is formed.
  • a fixed wedge block abutting a wedge-shaped groove is inserted in the middle.
  • the attitude of the lifting tower 1 needs to be fixed, in addition to the braking device built in the power unit 2-1-2 (ie, the motor) in the hoisting unit 2-1 to help keep the attitude of the lifting tower 1 fixed,
  • the wedge-shaped groove is inserted into the upper and lower narrow pile wedges.
  • the friction between the pile wedges and the tower piles 1-4 can also help lift the tower 1 without falling.
  • a handle is provided above the pile wedges 2- 3-4. After stopping the lifting tower 1 by the braking device in the power unit 2-1-2, you can manually grasp the handle 2-3-4 and insert it into the pile wedge; otherwise, when the lifting tower 1 is ready to lift First, the lifting tower 1 should be raised. During the ascent process, the solid pile wedge is taken out, and then the lifting tower 1 is lifted.
  • the ninth embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, it further includes a sensor 5-2 and an electric control system 5-1.
  • the sensor 5-2 is installed below the pile holder 2 for sensing the lifting platform. 3 and the pile fixing frame 2, the electrical control system 5-1 is communicatively connected with the hoisting unit 2-1, the elevator 5-3, and the sensor 5-2, respectively.
  • the sensor 5-2 sends the distance between the pile fixing frame 2 and the lifting platform 3 to the electrical control system 5-1 in real time.
  • the electrical control system 5-1 controls the lifting unit 2-1 to the lifting tower 1 During the lifting operation, it is determined whether the lifting platform 3 is in place according to the distance data of the pile holder 2 and the lifting platform 3 transmitted from the sensor 5-2.
  • the electrical control system 5-1 will obtain the distance between the lifting platform 3 and the pile holder 2 in real time through the sensor 5-2, and use the distance data between the platform and the sea surface from other sensors on the offshore platform as auxiliary comparison data.
  • the distance data between the pile holder 2 and the auxiliary comparison data is close to the above-mentioned auxiliary comparison data, and the lifting platform 3 no longer descends with the lifting tower 1.
  • the distance data between the pile holder 2 and the lifting platform 3 does not increase in a certain interval (considering that The waves can be judged that the lifting platform 3 has reached the designated working position; when the offshore platform boarding device is switched to a non-use state, the electrical control system 5-1 controls the lifting unit 2-1 to lift the lifting tower 1 and the lifting platform 3 Off the surface when the sensor 5-2 comes
  • the electrical control system 5-1 controls the hoisting unit 2-1 to stop providing power and activate the brake function, and inserts the pile fixing wedge in the wedge groove .
  • the electrical control system 5-1 should have an electrical console, which can be set on the offshore platform boarding device or on the offshore platform.
  • An offshore platform as shown in FIG. 7, includes the above-mentioned offshore platform boarding device.
  • the hoisting unit 2-1 moves the hoisting tower 1 upward by driving the transmission structure 1-1, and further Lift the lifting platform 3 away from the sea;
  • the hoisting unit 2-1 moves the lifting tower 1 down by driving the transmission structure 1-1, and then lowers the lifting platform 3 to land on the sea.
  • the entire offshore platform boarding device is installed on the edge of the offshore platform through the pile holder 2.
  • the offshore platform boarding device needs to be recovered as soon as possible to prevent the current and The waves caused a huge impact on the lifting tower 1 and the lifting platform 3, damaging the boarding device of the offshore platform and the offshore platform.

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Abstract

一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台，包括：提升塔架（1），提升塔架（1）上设有爬升装置，且提升塔架（1）上设有传动结构（1-1）；固桩架（2），固桩架（2）中设有供提升塔架（1）穿过的第一月池；提升机组（2-1），提升机组（2-1）安装在固桩架（2）上，提升机组（2-1）配置成配合传动结构（1-1）升降提升塔架（1）；升降台（3），升降台（3）中设有供提升塔架（1）穿过的第二月池，升降台（3）通过爬升装置与提升塔架（1）连接，升降台（3）位于固桩架的下方。在需要进行人员或货物的装卸时，不需要将整个海洋平台下降至海面高度，以使船舶停靠，仅需通过使用海洋平台登艇装置即可迅速完成船舶停靠、人员或货物的装卸，节省能源消耗及时间，提升了工作效率，且增加了海洋平台的使用寿命。

Description

一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年05月30日提交中国专利局的申请号为CN201810554221.1、名称为“一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及海洋平台领域，尤其涉及一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台。
背景技术
海洋平台为在海上进行钻井、采油、集运、观测、导航和施工等活动提供生产和生活设施的构筑物。按其结构特性和工作状态可分为固定式和活动式。固定式平台的下部由桩、扩大基脚或其他构造直接支承并固着于海底。活动式平台浮于水中或支承于海底，能从一井位移至另一井位。
但是，现有的海洋平台在装卸人员或货物时，非常不方便，往往要将埋在海中的起支撑作用的固定桩收缩，使整个海洋平台下降至海面，方能使船舶停靠在海洋平台边缘，从而装卸人员货物。这种方法非常耗能，且浪费大量时间，且会中断海洋平台正常的作业，造成海洋平台的灵活性非常差。
发明内容
本申请供了一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台，其目的是解决现有的海洋平台，在装卸人或货物时，需要将整个平台下降至海面，每次装卸需中断平台正常作业，耗时耗能的问题。
本申请提供的技术方案如下：
一种海洋平台登艇装置，包括：提升塔架，所述提升塔架上设有爬升装置，且所述提升塔架上设有传动结构；固桩架，所述固桩架中设有供所述提升塔架穿过的第一月池；提升机组，所述提升机组安装在固桩架上，所述提升机组配置成配合所述传动结构升降所述提升塔架；升降台，所述升降台中设有供所述提升塔架穿过的第二月池，所述升降台通过所述爬升装置与所述提升塔架连接，所述升降台位于所述固桩架的下方。
进一步的，所述提升塔架底端固定安装有限位装置，所述限位装置限制所述升降台在提升塔架上的活动范围。
进一步的，还包括至少一组滚轮，所述至少一组滚轮临近所述第二月池安装于所述升降台上，且与所述传动结构配合，所述至少一组滚轮配置成使所述升降台沿所述提升塔架上下滑动。
进一步的，所述升降台内部中空。
进一步的，所述爬升装置至少包括楼梯和电梯，所述楼梯由上至下设置在所述提升塔架上，所述楼梯上端连接固桩架，下端转动连接有一活动梯，所述活动梯下端滑动于所述升降台上表面，用于连接所述升降台与所述楼梯，所述楼梯下端设有将活动梯的转动角限制在15°～60°之间的限位装置，所述电梯设置在所述提升塔架上。
进一步的，所述提升机组包括减速装置和动力装置，所述动力装置的输出端与所述减速装置的输入端连接，所述减速装置的输出端与所述传动结构相配合。
进一步的，所述提升塔架的相对于竖直方向摇摆的两侧各设有至少一组滚轮支撑装置，每组所述滚轮支撑装置包括：底座、滚轮和滚轮架，所述底座安装于固桩架上，所述滚轮架安装于所述底座上，所述滚轮转动连接于所述滚轮架的一侧，且所述滚轮与所述提升塔架抵接，当所述提升塔架升起或下降时，所述滚轮围绕自身轴线在竖直方向旋转。
进一步的，所述滚轮架上部与所述提升塔架间形成一楔形槽，当所述提升塔架姿态固定时，所述楔形槽中插有一抵紧楔形槽的固桩楔块。
进一步的，还包括传感器和电气控制系统，所述传感器安装在所述固桩架下方，用于感测所述升降台和所述固桩架间距，所述电气控制系统分别与所述提升机组、所述电梯和所述传感器通讯连接。
一种海洋平台，包括上述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，当海洋平台需要移动时，提升机组通过带动传动结构使提升塔架上移，进而抬升所述升降台脱离海面；当海洋平台需要驻扎时，提升机组通过带动传动结构使提升塔架下移，进而下放所述升降台降落到海面上。
与现有技术相比，本申请提供一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台，至少带来以下一种技术效果：
(1)本申请的一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台，在需要进行人员或货物的装卸时，不需要将整个海洋平台下降至海面高度，以使船舶停靠，通过海洋平台登艇装置即可迅速完成人员或货物的装卸，在装卸货物时，不需要停止海洋平台的正常运转，节省能源消耗及时间，提升了工作效率，且增加了海洋平台的使用寿命。
(2)本申请的一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台，在海洋平台登艇装置使用状态下，升降台可以漂浮在水中，自适应自身高度，调节自身在提升塔架上的位置，而不需要人为调整升降台的高度。
(3)本申请一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台，当海洋平台准备移动驻扎地点时，可 以将整个海洋平台登艇装置收离海面，不会影响整个海洋平台的正常航行，对海洋平台的影响小。
附图说明
下面将以明确易懂的方式，结合附图说明优选实施方式，对一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台予以进一步说明。
图1是本申请一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台的结构示意图；
图2是固桩架的俯视结构示意图；
图3是升降台的俯视结构示意图；
图4是滚轮支撑装置的结构示意图；
图5是图2中提升装置的A-A视图；
图6是提升装置的结构示意图；
图7是本申请一种海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台的俯视结构示意图。
其中，
1.提升塔架、1-1.传动结构、1-2.楼梯、1-3.活动梯、1-4.塔桩、
2.固桩架、2-1提升机组、2-1-1.减速装置、2-1-2.动力装置、2-2.滚轮支撑装置、2-2-1.底座、2-2-2.滚轮、2-2-3.滚轮架、2-2-4.把手、
3.升降台、3-1.至少一组滚轮、3-2.船舶停泊柱、
4.限位装置、
5-1.电气控制系统、5-2.传感器和5-3.电梯。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对照附图说明本申请的具体实施方式。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，并获得其他的实施方式。
为使图面简洁，各图中只示意性地表示出了与本申请相关的部分，它们并不代表其作为产品的实际结构。另外，以使图面简洁便于理解，在有些图中具有相同结构或功能的部件，仅示意性地绘示了其中的一个，或仅标出了其中的一个。在本文中，“一个”不仅表示“仅此一个”，也可以表示“多于一个”的情形。
在实施例一中，参照图1、图2和图7所示，本申请提供一种海洋平台登艇装置，包括：提升塔架1，所述提升塔架1上设有爬升装置，且所述提升塔架1上设有传动结构1-1；固 桩架2，所述固桩架2中设有供所述提升塔架1穿过的第一月池；提升机组2-1，所述提升机组2-1安装在固桩架2上，所述提升机组2-1配置成配合所述传动结构1-1升降所述提升塔架1；升降台3，所述升降台3中设有供所述提升塔架1穿过的第二月池，所述升降台3通过所述爬升装置与所述提升塔架1连接，所述升降台3位于所述固桩架2的下方。
在实际应用中，提升塔架1应由至少三根塔桩1-4构成，否则无法构成足以抗击海浪及海流的稳定架体。在本实施例中，提升塔架1由四根塔桩1-4构成，横截面为正四边形，每个塔桩1-4都独立对应有一组提升机组2-1，当需要提升或降低提升塔架1时，四组提升机组2-1同时工作，以满足提升塔架1运动动作稳定不晃动。四组提升机组2-1中，只要同时有三组提升机组2-1能够正常工作、或同时有一对呈对角线设置的提升机组2-1能够正常工作、或同时有一对相对设置的提升机组2-1能够正常工作，虽然提升塔架1运行动作可能略有晃动，但基本可以满足提升塔架1的升降。在其他实施例中，提升塔架1可由三根塔桩1-4构成截面为三角形的提升塔架1，或也可采用其他方案构成稳固的提升塔架1，每根塔桩1-4也不一定都需要一一对应有各自的提升机组2-1，满足提升塔架1的升降即可。塔桩1-4及提升塔架1不一定要竖直设置，提升塔架1可以根据情况需要具有一定的坡度，第一月池与第二月池可相应地调整结构适应具有坡度的提升塔架1，海洋平台登艇装置的基本结构不变，依旧可能达到本申请所要达到的技术效果。在本实施例中，传动结构1-1为齿轮与齿条相配合的结构，具体的，齿轮可拆卸安装在提升机组2-1的输出端，齿条安装在提升机组2-1对应的塔桩1-4上，齿轮与齿条啮合连接。在其他实施例中，齿条不一定要设置在塔桩1-4上，可于提升塔架1上设置，也可以通过其他种类的传动结构，如带传动等，使提升机组2-1带动提升塔架1升降。
升降台3配置成使船舶停泊，升降台3边缘设置有船舶停泊柱3-2，本实施例中，由于升降台3同样是正四边形设置，除却面向海洋平台的一侧，其他三个方向均可供船舶停靠，相应的，可供船舶停靠的三条边均设置有船舶停泊柱3-2。船舶停泊柱3-2设有停靠台和过渡楼梯，过渡楼梯由停靠台向下延展至升降台3台面上，船舶停泊柱3-2朝向大海一侧设有缓冲装置，如海绵或游泳圈等，防止船舶停靠时的冲击造成船舶停泊柱3-2和停靠船舶的破坏。
当海洋平台登艇装置在使用状态时，船舶可以停靠在升降台3边缘，人员及货物可以由船舶停泊柱3-2登陆升降台3，并通过楼梯1-2、电梯5-3或其他形式到达固桩架2，从而登陆到海洋平台的甲板上。当海洋平台持续停驻时，海洋平台登艇装置可以持续处于使用状态，即升降台3始终位于海面上，时刻准备迎接运输船舶的停靠；当船海洋平台需要转移时，海洋平台登艇装置转换为非使用状态，具体为提升机组2-1通过传动结构1-1带动提升塔架1上升，提升塔架1底端脱离大海，且提升塔架1带动升降台3上升至紧靠固桩 架2的下方处，海洋平台即可收起支撑桩柱进行转移。由于整个海洋平台登艇装置都收离了海面，海洋平台登艇装置中的任何部分皆不会对航行中的海洋平台造成影响，不存在剐蹭海底礁石等情况。在海洋平台遭遇极恶劣天气时，也应当将海洋平台登艇装置转换为非使用状态，防止海浪及海流不断冲击升降台3及提升塔架1，对海洋平台登艇装置及海洋平台造成破坏。
在实施例二中，参照图1所示，所述提升塔架1底端固定安装有限位装置4，所述限位装置4限制所述升降台3在提升塔架1上的活动范围。
实际应用中，为节省材料、减轻重量和节约成本，所述限位装置4可设置为倒三角形，且限位装置4与升降台3的接触面设置有缓冲层，缓冲层可采用海绵等其他材料制成，防止限位装置4与升降台3底面接触时，对升降台3和限位装置4造成损坏。且限位装置4与升降台3的接触面积应尽可能大，从而减小接触面的压强，使升降台3与限位装置4的接触面容易承受升降台3自身的重量，不易损坏。
在实施例三中，参照图1和图3所示，还包括至少一组滚轮3-1，所述至少一组滚轮3-1临近所述第二月池安装于所述升降台3上，且与所述传动结构1-1配合，所述至少一组滚轮3-1配置成使所述升降台3沿所述提升塔架1上下滑动。
在实际应用中，由于升降台3常受到海浪冲击，会产生非提升塔架1竖立方向的力，如果不加以限位，升降台3很容易晃动偏移，造成第二月池内壁与提升塔架1剐蹭，损伤升降台3和提升塔架1，因此在升降台3上设置至少一组滚轮3-1，用于限制升降台3沿提升塔架1上下滑动。在本实施例中，由于提升塔架1由四根塔桩1-4构成，因此在升降台3上设置了四组滚轮3-1分别配合四根塔桩1-4，每组滚轮3-1设置有两个滚轮，两个滚轮呈直角抵紧对应塔桩1-4的两个方向，从而避免升降台3产生水平位移的可能。四组滚轮3-1彼此配合，使升降台3只能沿提升塔架1上下滑动，保证了在装卸时，人员或货物在升降台3上的安全。在其他实施例中，由于提升塔架1的横截面形状和塔桩1-4的布置可能不同于本实施例，至少一组滚轮3-1的数量和每组滚轮3-1中的多个滚轮的配合角度也会因此改变，如，当提升塔架1由三根塔桩1-4构成时，提升塔架1的横截面为三角形，相应的，第二月池的形状与之匹配，同为三角形，则在每根塔桩1-4上设有一组滚轮3-1，每组滚轮3-1具有两个滚轮相配合，且两个滚轮相对于对应塔桩1-4所在顶点的角平分线相对设置。这种设置会防止升降台3产生水平运动或旋转运动。根据提升塔架1的结构不同而对应改变升降台3上至少一组滚轮3-1的安装结构的方法，皆属于本申请保护的范围之内。
在实施例四中，所述升降台3内部中空。
在实际应用中，当海洋平台登艇装置在使用状态时，升降台3要具有自调节功能，所谓自调节功能即为自动根据海面高度调节升降台3于提升塔架1上的位置，即升降台3的 高度。在本实施例中，为了实现上述自调节功能，升降台3内部设为中空，当升降台3被放在海面上时，由于升降台3内中空部藏有空气泡，可使升降台3产生足以浮于水面的浮力，当海面涨退时，升降台3可以随海平面高度自行调节自身在提升塔架1上的位置，而不需要人为通过机械或电气系统控制和调节，节省了劳动力和能源。升降台3可以设置为盒式或裙式，所谓盒式即为升降台3内部空间完全封闭的结构；裙式则仅仅是升降台3上表面和四周具有板面，相较于盒式少了一层底板。两种设计样式均能满足本申请所要达到的自调节空能。
在上一实施例中，升降台3可通过至少一组滚轮3-1在提升塔架1上上下滑动，而在实际应用中，如果在装卸人员或货物时遭遇海平面低幅度高频率的波动，结合本实施例，在不加以控制的情况下，升降台3也会随海面的快速波动高频率升降，人员容易在升降台3上站立不稳受伤，货物也容易在摇晃中损坏。因此，本申请的至少一组滚轮3-1设有锁止系统，该锁止系统能将至少一组滚轮3-1锁紧，阻止其转动，从而将升降台3控制在提升塔架1上的一固定位置上。锁止系统可以人为通过机械方式进行开闭，也可通过海洋平台的电气系统进行控制。在实际应用中，如若遭遇海平面低幅度高频率波动，应当将升降台3锁止在当前海平面最高波峰的位置上，从而通过偶尔产生的浮力减少至少一组滚轮3-1的压力，又不至于使海水漫过升降台3，伤及升降台3上的人员或货物。
在实施例五中，参照图1所示，所述爬升装置至少包括楼梯1-2和电梯5-3，所述楼梯1-2由上至下设置在所述提升塔架1上，所述楼梯1-2上端连接固桩架2，下端转动连接有一活动梯1-3，所述活动梯1-3下端滑动于所述升降台3上表面，用于连接所述升降台3与所述楼梯1-2，所述楼梯1-2下端设有将活动梯1-3的转动角限制在15°～60°之间的限位装置4，所述电梯5-3设置在所述提升塔架1上。
在实际应用中，楼梯1-2可设置在提升塔架1内部的空间中，在本实施例中，楼梯1-2为回转楼梯1-2，每相邻的两个上下级楼梯1-2，其中间的过渡部分为平台式，可方便登梯人员休息或临时放置货物，楼梯1-2下端转动连接有一活动梯1-3，活动梯1-3下端滑动于升降台3上表面，一旦升降台3产生高度波动，活动梯1-3可以自行改变角度适应升降台3的高度变化，活动梯1-3底端可设为滑轮式，也可以在升降台3上表面设置匹配活动梯1-3底端的槽道，方便活动梯1-3底端在升降台3上滑行；由于考虑到装卸人员会有身体不适的状况、或货物沉重不方便走楼梯1-2运送的可能，因此可在提升塔架1上装设电梯5-3解决上述问题，电梯5-3运行至最低处时可与活动梯1-3的上端平台对应，人员或货物卸下电梯5-3后可由活动梯1-3移动至升降台3处。在固桩架2中，可开设一端连通楼梯1-2和电梯5-3，另一端连通海洋平台的人行通道，也可在固桩架2上表面开辟人行通道，方便人员行走及货物搬运。
在实施例六中，参照图5-图6所示，所述提升机组2-1包括减速装置2-1-1和动力装置2-1-2，所述动力装置2-1-2的输出端与所述减速装置2-1-1的输入端连接，所述减速装置2-1-1的输出端与所述传动结构1-1相配合。
在实际应用中，由于动力装置2-1-2的输出端转速较快，而提升塔架1的升降速度必须较慢才能保证稳定安全。因此，传输到传动结构1-1上的动力必须经过减速装置2-1-1的大传动比减速才能使用。在本实施例中，动力装置2-1-2可为马达，减速装置2-1-1分别采用了差动行星减速机齿轮箱和终端减速机齿轮箱配合以进行二级减速，采用两种减速箱进行二级减速的原因是：本申请中的海洋平台登艇装置体积相对较小，如果仅仅通过一级减速就要达到可施加在传动结构1-1上的最终输出动力，则减速箱的体积会过大，因此采用了两个减速箱配合的方式进行二级减速，从而达到符合规格的最终输出动力。其中，电机的动力输出端与差动行星减速机齿轮箱的动力输入端可拆卸连接，差动行星减速机齿轮箱的动力输出端与终端减速机齿轮箱的动力输入端可拆卸连接，结合实施例一，终端减速机齿轮箱的动力输出端与齿轮可拆卸连接，齿轮与提升塔架1上的齿条啮合连接形成传动结构1-1，从而实现电机带动齿轮在齿条上转动，带动提升塔架1升降运动。本实施例中，动力装置2-1-2内自带刹车装置，既可随时停止提升塔架1升降，也可持续保持提升塔架1姿态静止。在其他实施例中，也可以选用除电机外的动力装置2-1-2、或选用其他规格减速箱的减速装置2-1-1，也不一定需要两个减速箱完成减速。本实施例中的减速装置2-1-1外侧面延展有若干垂直于减速装置2-1-1外侧面且紧贴减速装置2-1-1安装面的加强筋，当提升塔架1产生水平力的时候，加强筋可以保持减速装置2-1-1姿态正常，辅助提升塔架1保持正常姿态静止或运动。
在实施例七中，参照图4所示，所述提升塔架1的相对于竖直方向摇摆的两侧各设有至少一组滚轮3-1支撑装置2-2，每组所述滚轮支撑装置2-2包括：底座2-2-1、滚轮2-2-2和滚轮架2-2-3，所述底座2-2-1安装于固桩架2上，所述滚轮架2-2-3安装于所述底座2-2-1上，所述滚轮2-2-2转动连接于所述滚轮架2-2-3的一侧，且所述滚轮2-2-2与所述提升塔架1抵接，当所述提升塔架1升起或下降时，所述滚轮2-2-2围绕自身轴线在竖直方向旋转。
在实际应用中，滚轮支撑装置2-2是用来将提升塔架1限位在第一月池内，防止提升塔架1在受到海流或海浪冲击时，提升塔架1上的传动结构1-1脱离提升机组2-1的。由于楔形结构能够承受较大的瞬间力或持续力，结构稳固，因此在本实施例中，滚轮架2-2-3采用了楔形结构，滚轮架2-2-3内朝向塔桩1-4侧设有安装滚轮2-2-2的空间，滚轮2-2-2转动安装在滚轮架2-2-3内，且轮面朝向塔桩1-4设置，滚轮2-2-2的轮面应略突出直角面所在平面部分，轮面抵紧塔桩1-4，本实施例中，滚轮支撑装置2-2同提升机组2-1一样，对应四根塔桩1-4分别对应设有四组滚轮支撑装置2-2，每组滚轮支撑装置2-2和对应塔桩 1-4上的提升机组2-1呈直角设置，彻底将提升塔架1可能产生水平位移的空间封死。滚轮2-2-2采用宽轮面滚轮，增加滚轮2-2-2和塔桩1-4的接触面积，从而增加滚轮2-2-2和塔桩1-4间的摩擦力。本实施例中，滚轮2-2-2具有多个，且轴心都位于同一条竖直线上，多个滚轮2-2-2由上至下安装在一个滚轮架2-2-3内；在其他实施例中，每组滚轮支撑装置2-2中的多个滚轮2-2-2也可以一一对应分别安装在多个滚轮架2-2-3上，多个滚轮架2-2-3皆安装在底座2-2-1上。当提升塔架1升降时，滚轮2-2-2紧贴塔桩1-4转动。本实施例的滚轮架2-2-3和底座2-2-1的侧表面分别延伸出若干条垂直于滚轮架2-2-3和底座2-2-1侧表面的加强筋，加强筋配置成增强该组滚轮支撑装置2-2承受各个方向力的能力。
在实施例八中，参照图4所示，所述滚轮架2-2-3上部与所述提升塔架1间形成一楔形槽，当所述提升塔架1姿态固定时，所述楔形槽中插有一抵紧楔形槽的固桩楔块。
在实际应用中，当提升塔架1姿态需要固定时，除了提升机组2-1内动力装置2-1-2(即电机)中内置的刹车装置帮助保持提升塔架1姿态固定的同时，在楔形槽中插入上宽下窄的固桩楔块，利用固桩楔块与塔桩1-4间的摩擦力，也可以辅助提升塔架1不下坠，固桩楔块上方设有把手2-3-4，在动力装置2-1-2中的刹车装置停住提升塔架1后，可人为抓住把手2-3-4插入固桩楔块；反之，在提升塔架1准备升降时，应先将提升塔架1上升，在上升的过程中，取出固桩楔块，而后再进行提升塔架1的升降工作。
在实施例九中，参照图1所示，还包括传感器5-2和电气控制系统5-1，所述传感器5-2安装在所述固桩架2下方，用于感测所述升降台3和所述固桩架2间距，所述电气控制系统5-1分别与所述提升机组2-1、所述电梯5-3和所述传感器5-2通讯连接。
在实际应用中，传感器5-2实时将固桩架2和升降台3的间距发送给电气控制系统5-1，当电气控制系统5-1通过控制提升机组2-1对提升塔架1进行升降操作时，会根据传感器5-2传来的固桩架2和升降台3的间距数据对升降台3是否到位进行判断，例如，当海上平台登艇装置转换为使用状态时，电气控制系统5-1会实时通过传感器5-2获取下降中的升降台3与固桩架2的间距，并将海上平台其他传感器传来的平台与海面的间距数据作为辅助比对数据，一旦升降台3与固桩架2的间距数据接近上述辅助比对数据，且升降台3不再随提升塔架1下降，固桩架2和升降台3的间距数据在某一区间波动不再增加(考虑到海浪波动)，可判定升降台3已到达指定工作位置；当海上平台登艇装置转换为非使用状态时，电气控制系统5-1控制提升机组2-1将提升塔架1和升降台3收离海面，当传感器5-2传来的固桩架2和升降台3的间距数据到达指定安全距离数据时，电气控制系统5-1控制提升机组2-1停止提供动力，并启动刹车功能，并在楔形槽中插入固桩楔块。所述电气控制系统5-1应具有一个电气控制台，电气控制台可在海洋平台登艇装置上设置，也可在海洋平台上设置。
一种海洋平台，参照图7所示，包括上述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，当海洋平台需要移动时，提升机组2-1通过带动传动结构1-1使提升塔架1上移，进而抬升所述升降台3脱离海面；当海洋平台需要驻扎时，提升机组2-1通过带动传动结构1-1使提升塔架1下移，进而下放所述升降台3降落到海面上。
在实际应用中，整个海上平台登艇装置通过固桩架2安装在海洋平台的边缘上，当海洋平台在遭遇大风浪时，需尽快将海洋平台登艇装置收回至非使用状态，防止海流和海浪对提升塔架1和升降台3造成巨大冲击，损坏海洋平台登艇装置和海洋平台。
应当说明的是，上述实施例均可根据需要自由组合。以上所述仅是本申请的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本申请的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于，包括：
    提升塔架，所述提升塔架上设有爬升装置，且所述提升塔架上设有传动结构；
    固桩架，所述固桩架中设有供所述提升塔架穿过的第一月池；
    提升机组，所述提升机组安装在固桩架上，所述提升机组配置成配合所述传动结构升降所述提升塔架；
    升降台，所述升降台中设有供所述提升塔架穿过的第二月池，所述升降台通过所述爬升装置与所述提升塔架连接，所述升降台位于所述固桩架的下方。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于：所述提升塔架底端固定安装有限位装置，所述限位装置限制所述升降台在提升塔架上的活动范围。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于：还包括至少一组滚轮，所述至少一组滚轮临近所述第二月池安装于所述升降台上，且与所述传动结构配合，所述至少一组滚轮配置成使所述升降台沿所述提升塔架上下滑动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于：所述升降台内部中空。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于：所述爬升装置至少包括楼梯和电梯，所述楼梯由上至下设置在所述提升塔架上，所述楼梯上端连接固桩架，下端转动连接有一活动梯，所述活动梯下端滑动于所述升降台上表面，用于连接所述升降台与所述楼梯，所述楼梯下端设有将活动梯的转动角限制在15°～60°之间的限位装置，所述电梯设置在所述提升塔架上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于：所述提升机组包括减速装置和动力装置，所述动力装置的输出端与所述减速装置的输入端连接，所述减速装置的输出端与所述传动结构相配合。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于：
    所述提升塔架的相对于竖直方向摇摆的两侧各设有至少一组滚轮支撑装置，每组所述滚轮支撑装置包括：底座、滚轮和滚轮架，所述底座安装于固桩架上，所述滚轮架安装于所述底座上，所述滚轮转动连接于所述滚轮架的一侧，且所述滚轮与所述提升塔架抵接，
    当所述提升塔架升起或下降时，所述滚轮围绕自身轴线在竖直方向旋转。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于：所述滚轮架上部与所述提升塔架间形成一楔形槽，当所述提升塔架姿态固定时，所述楔形槽中插有一 抵紧楔形槽的固桩楔块。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于：还包括传感器和电气控制系统，
    所述传感器安装在所述固桩架下方，用于感测所述升降台和所述固桩架间距，
    所述电气控制系统分别与所述提升机组、所述电梯和所述传感器通讯连接。
  10. 一种海洋平台，包括权利要求1-9所述的一种海洋平台登艇装置，其特征在于：
    当所述海洋平台需要移动时，所述提升机组通过带动所述传动结构使所述提升塔架上移，进而抬升所述升降台脱离海面；
    当所述海洋平台需要驻扎时，所述提升机组通过带动所述传动结构使所述提升塔架下移，进而下放所述升降台降落到海面上。
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