WO2019228159A1 - 一种无线充电器和控制方法 - Google Patents

一种无线充电器和控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019228159A1
WO2019228159A1 PCT/CN2019/085946 CN2019085946W WO2019228159A1 WO 2019228159 A1 WO2019228159 A1 WO 2019228159A1 CN 2019085946 W CN2019085946 W CN 2019085946W WO 2019228159 A1 WO2019228159 A1 WO 2019228159A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power amplifier
class
equivalent load
target
impedance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/085946
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘其堂
曾晓生
刘双可
马澄斌
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP19810514.0A priority Critical patent/EP3793059B1/en
Publication of WO2019228159A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019228159A1/zh
Priority to US17/105,120 priority patent/US11569688B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/05—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using capacitive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H02M3/015—Resonant DC/DC converters with means for adaptation of resonance frequency, e.g. by modification of capacitance or inductance of resonance circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/217—Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
    • H03F3/2176—Class E amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/423—Amplifier output adaptation especially for transmission line coupling purposes, e.g. impedance adaptation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/546—A tunable capacitance being present in an amplifier circuit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless charging, and in particular, to a wireless charger and a control method.
  • Wireless charging devices have the advantages of small size, high portability, and waterproof and dustproof design for electrical equipment. They are currently widely used in electronic devices such as smart phones and wearable devices.
  • Class E power amplifiers are widely used in the field of wireless charging because of their ideal working efficiency of 100%, simple structure and easy implementation.
  • the present application provides a wireless charger and a control method, which can ensure efficient and stable output of a Class E power amplifier when the load changes.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless charger including a class E power amplifier and an adjustable impedance circuit connected to an output end of the class E power amplifier; wherein the class E power amplifier includes: a switch Tube and an adjustable capacitor circuit in parallel with the switch tube; the wireless charger further includes: a control unit,
  • the control unit is configured to obtain a constraint condition of the class E power amplifier, the constraint condition includes: a target efficiency of the class E power amplifier, a target output power of the class E power amplifier, and the class E Circuit parameters of a power amplifier; wherein the target efficiency is a preset minimum output efficiency of the class E power amplifier, and the target output power is a preset constant output power of the class E power amplifier;
  • the control unit is further configured to determine N1 target equivalent load impedances of the class E power amplifier according to the constraint condition, where N1 is 1 or an integer greater than 1;
  • the control unit is further configured to adjust a capacitance value of the adjustable capacitor circuit in the class E power amplifier, and adjust an impedance value of the impedance adjustable circuit, so that the The equivalent load impedance matches a target equivalent load impedance of one of the N1 target equivalent load impedances.
  • a plurality of target equivalent load impedances meeting the constraint conditions are determined, and then the capacitance values of the adjustable capacitor circuits in the class E power amplifier are adjusted, and Adjust the impedance value of the adjustable impedance circuit to make the equivalent load impedance of the Class E power amplifier match a target equivalent load impedance.
  • the equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier matches the target equivalent load impedance, even if the load changes, the class E power amplifier can still ensure efficient and stable output.
  • the wireless charger may further include: a storage unit, the storage unit is configured to pre-store constraints of the class E power amplifier;
  • control unit When the control unit is configured to obtain the constraint condition of the class E power amplifier, it is specifically configured to obtain the constraint condition of the class E power amplifier from the storage unit.
  • the wireless charger further includes: a communication unit,
  • the communication unit is configured to obtain a constraint condition of the class E power amplifier through a terminal communicating with the communication unit;
  • control unit When the control unit is configured to obtain the constraint condition of the class E power amplifier, it is specifically configured to obtain the constraint condition of the class E power amplifier from the communication unit.
  • control unit is configured to make an equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier and one target equivalent load of the N1 target equivalent load impedances During impedance matching, it is specifically used to make the equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier equal to one target equivalent load impedance of the N1 target equivalent load impedances.
  • the control unit is configured to make an equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier and one target equivalent load of the N1 target equivalent load impedances
  • the impedance is matched, it is specifically used to make the target of the equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier equal to the smallest of the N1 target equivalent load impedances and the minimum load of the equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier. Equivalent load impedance.
  • the control unit when the control unit is configured to determine the N1 target equivalent load impedances of the class E power amplifier according to the constraint condition, the control unit is specifically used to
  • the capacitor-adjusting circuit has N2 adjustable values. Each adjustable capacitance value corresponds to a Smith chart, and each Smith chart corresponds to a target curve segment that meets the constraints.
  • the N2 is an integer greater than or equal to 2. ; Selecting N1 points from the N2 target curve segments, and using the set of impedances corresponding to the N1 points as the N1 target equivalent load impedances of the class E power amplifier.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless charging control method, which is applied to a wireless charger for wirelessly charging a load device.
  • the wireless charger includes a class E power amplifier and The impedance adjustable circuit connected to the output end, wherein the class E power amplifier includes a switch tube and an adjustable capacitor circuit connected in parallel with the switch tube, and the method includes:
  • the constraint condition includes: a target efficiency of the class E power amplifier, a target output power of the class E power amplifier, and a circuit parameter of the class E power amplifier, wherein: The target efficiency is a preset minimum output efficiency of the class E power amplifier, and the target output power is a preset constant output power of the class E power amplifier;
  • N1 Target equivalent load impedances of the class E power amplifier according to the constraint condition, where N1 is 1 or an integer greater than 1;
  • the obtaining the constraint condition of the class E power amplifier includes:
  • the matching the equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier with one target equivalent load impedance of the N1 target equivalent load impedances includes: :
  • An equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier is made equal to a target equivalent load impedance of the N1 target equivalent load impedances.
  • the matching the equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier with one target equivalent load impedance of the N1 target equivalent load impedances includes: :
  • the determining the N1 target equivalent load impedances of the class E power amplifier according to the constraint conditions includes:
  • each adjustable capacitance value corresponds to a Smith chart, and each Smith chart corresponds to a target curve segment that meets constraints; the N2 is greater than or An integer equal to 2;
  • N1 points are selected from the N2 target curve segments, and the set of impedances corresponding to the N1 points is used as the N1 target equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless charging system, including: a load device and a wireless charger for wirelessly charging the load device; the wireless charger is the wireless charger according to the first aspect. Or the wireless charger according to any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit structure corresponding to FIG. 1B in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of Smith corresponding to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic diagram of Smith corresponding to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless charging control method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless charging control method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram comparing the characteristics of the technical solution provided by the present application and the technical solution using the prior art.
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram comparing the characteristics of the technical solution provided by the present application and the technical solution using the prior art.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram comparing the characteristics of the technical solution provided by the present application and the technical solution using the prior art.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram comparing the characteristics of the technical solution provided by the present application and the technical solution using the prior art.
  • the wireless charger in the embodiments of the present application is suitable for various electronic devices with wireless charging functions, and is particularly suitable for some portable devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, various wearable devices and other terminal products.
  • Such terminal products have high requirements for mobility.
  • Using a wireless charger can completely get rid of the shackles of cables, which is conducive to improving the mobility of terminal products and enhancing the user experience.
  • the charged electronic product is referred to as a load device below.
  • the main innovation of the embodiment of the present application is that the transmitting end of the wireless charging system is referred to as a wireless charger.
  • the wireless charging system involved in the embodiment of the present application includes a wireless charger 101 as a transmitting end and a load device 102 as a receiving end.
  • the load device 102 receives energy from the wireless charger 101 to The battery is charged or directly supplies power to the load device 102.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging system includes a wireless charger 101 and a load device 102.
  • the wireless charger 101 includes a class E power amplifier 1011, and the class E power amplifier 1011 includes a switch Q and an adjustable capacitor circuit 10111 connected in parallel with the switch Q. Specifically, one end of the adjustable capacitor circuit 10111 is connected to the switch Q The drain is connected. The other end of the adjustable capacitor circuit 10111 is connected to the source of the switch Q. The power source V DD is connected to the drain of the switch Q through the RF choke coil L f . The input of the filter circuit 10112 is connected to the switch Q. The drain is connected.
  • the wireless charger 101 further includes: a driving circuit 1014 for providing a driving signal V D for the class E power amplifier 1011, an adjustable impedance circuit 1012 connected to the output terminal of the filter circuit 10112, and connected to the transmitting coil Ltx and the adjustable impedance circuit 1012.
  • the transmitting coil compensation circuit 1013, the impedance detecting unit 1016 connected to the input terminal of the transmitting coil compensation circuit 1013, the control unit 1015 connected to the impedance detecting unit 1016, the control unit 1015 is also connected to the adjustable impedance circuit 1012 and the adjustable capacitor circuit. 10111 connected.
  • the load device 102 includes a receiving coil Lrx, a receiving coil supplementary circuit 1023, a rectifier 1022, and a DC load 1021 connected in this order.
  • a control unit 1015 in the wireless charger 101 is configured to obtain a constraint condition of a class E power amplifier.
  • the constraint conditions include: the target efficiency of the class E power amplifier 1011, the target output power of the class E power amplifier 1011, and the circuit parameters of the class E power amplifier 1011.
  • the target efficiency is a preset minimum output efficiency of the class E power amplifier 1011, and the target output power is a preset constant output power of the class E power amplifier 1011.
  • the target efficiency may be 65%, 80%, or 90%.
  • the target output power can be 8w, 9w, 9.2w, 10w, and so on.
  • the circuit parameters of the class E power amplifier include: the inductance value of the RF choke coil L F , the voltage value of the power supply V DD , the parameters of the switch Q, the possible combinations of the adjustable capacitors, and the parameter values of the filter circuit.
  • the possible combinations of the adjustable capacitor circuit in FIG. 1C include two possible values, one is the corresponding capacitance value C S1 when the switch K 6 is opened, and the other is the corresponding capacitance value when the switch K 6 is closed.
  • the filter circuit 10112 includes an inductor L 0 and a capacitor C 0 connected in series.
  • the parameter values of the filter circuit 10112 include an inductance value of the inductor L 0 and a capacitance value of the capacitor C 0 .
  • the wireless charger 101 may further include a storage unit for pre-stored constraint conditions, and the control unit 1015 may obtain the pre-stored constraint conditions from the storage unit.
  • the wireless charger 101 may include a communication unit for obtaining a constraint condition of the class E power amplifier 1011 through a terminal with which the communication is performed, and the control unit 1015 acquires the class E power amplifier 1011 through the communication unit Constraints.
  • the control unit 1015 is further configured to determine N 1 target equivalent load impedances of the class E power amplifier 1011 meeting the constraint conditions, where N 1 is 1 or an integer greater than 1.
  • each adjustable capacitance value corresponds to a Smith chart
  • each Smith chart corresponds to a target curve segment that meets the constraints
  • N 2 is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • N 2 2 in this embodiment, which corresponds to two Smith charts, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the target efficiency of the class E power amplifier 1011 corresponding to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is 90%, and the target output power of the class E power amplifier 1011 is 10.2w.
  • Each Smith chart corresponds to a target curve segment that meets the constraints, that is, the curve segment of the target power curve in the region corresponding to the target efficiency.
  • the control unit 1015 selects N 1 points from the N 2 target curve segments, and uses the set of impedances corresponding to the N 1 points as the N 1 target equivalent load impedances of the class E power amplifier 1011.
  • N 1 may be a preset value.
  • the impedance values corresponding to 4 points on each target curve segment that meets the constraint conditions are randomly taken as the target equivalent load impedance; It can be understood that, in some possible embodiments, the N 1 target equivalent load impedance may include an end value of the impedance corresponding to each target curve segment.
  • Fig. 2 is the Smith chart when the capacitance value of the capacitor circuit is C s1 when switch K 6 is opened in Fig. 1C.
  • the four points selected are Z T1 , Z T2 , Z T3 , and Z T4 ;
  • Figure 3 is the Smith chart when the capacitance value of the capacitor circuit can be adjusted as C s1 + C s2 when the switch K6 in Figure 1C is closed,
  • the four randomly selected points in FIG. 3 are Z T5 , Z T6 , Z T7 , and Z T8 . Therefore, the target equivalent load impedances of the Class E power amplifiers that meet the constraints include Z T1 , Z T2 , Z T3 , Z T4 , Z T5 , Z T6 , Z T7 , and Z T8 respectively.
  • the control unit 1015 is further configured to adjust the capacitance value of the adjustable capacitor circuit 10111 in the class E power amplifier 1011 and adjust the impedance value in the impedance adjustable circuit 1012 to make the equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier 1011 It is matched with one target equivalent load impedance of the N1 target equivalent load impedances.
  • the adjustable parameter in the adjustable impedance circuit 1012 may be a stepless adjustment parameter or a switching parameter.
  • the equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier 1011 can be adjusted to be equal to the target equivalent load impedance.
  • the processing flow of the control unit 1015 reference may be made to the flow chart shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the processing flow may include the following steps:
  • N1 target equivalent loads (Z T1 , Z T2 , ... Z TN1 ) that meet the constraints.
  • N1 is 8, and the eight target equivalent loads that meet the constraints are Z T1 , Z T2 , Z T3 , Z T4 , Z T5 , Z T6 , Z T7 , and Z T8 .
  • the equivalent input impedance Zin_tx of the transmitting coil may be detected by the impedance detection unit 1016 as shown in FIG. 1C.
  • the change of the load device 102 is reflected by the equivalent input impedance Zin_tx of the transmitting coil.
  • step 406 is executed to set the circuit parameters and the adjustment is completed.
  • changes in capacitance and impedance in the adjustable capacitor circuit and the adjustable impedance circuit can be switched by a switch, and the target equivalent load impedance is: for the adjustable capacitor circuit in a class E power amplifier Adjust and adjust the impedance value in the adjustable impedance circuit so that the equivalent load impedance of the class E power amplifier matches one of the N1 target equivalent load impedances.
  • the processing flow shown in FIG. 5 includes the following steps:
  • N1 is 8, and the eight target equivalent loads that meet the constraints are Z T1 , Z T2 , Z T3 , Z T4 , Z T5 , Z T6 , Z T7 , and Z T8 .
  • the equivalent input impedance Zin_tx of the transmitting coil may be detected by the impedance detection unit 1016 as shown in FIG. 1C.
  • the change of the load device 102 is reflected by the equivalent input impedance Zin_tx of the transmitting coil.
  • the structure of the wireless charger is shown in Figure 1C.
  • Constraints include: the output power of the Class E power amplifier is maintained at about 9w, and the efficiency is maintained at more than 66%.
  • the inductance value of the RF choke coil L f is 68uH
  • the switch parallel capacitor C s1 is 215pF
  • the switch parallel capacitor C s2 is 205pF
  • the filter inductor L 0 is 1.42uH
  • the filter capacitor C 0 is 626pF
  • the transmit coil Ltx has an inductance value 3.24uH
  • transmitting coil parasitic resistance r tx is 0.7ohm
  • transmitting coil compensation capacitance Ctx is 165pF
  • receiving coil Lrx inductance value is 3.24uH
  • receiving coil parasitic resistance r rx resistance value is 0.7ohm
  • receiving coil compensation capacitance Crx is 175pF
  • the coupling coefficient k between the transmitting and receiving coils is (0.1 to 0.4
  • the adjustable impedance circuit is an L-shaped impedance matching network.
  • the RF inductor Ln1 is 400nH
  • the RF inductor Ln2 is 600nH
  • the RF capacitor Cn1 is 300pF
  • the RF capacitor Cn2 is 450pF
  • the RF capacitor Cn3 is 600pF
  • the RF The inductance value of the choke coil Lr is 68uH
  • the capacitance value of the diode Dr parallel capacitor Cr is 200pF
  • the capacitance value of the DC filter capacitor Cf is 44uF.
  • control unit 1015 After the control unit 1015 obtains the constraints, it determines that the target equivalent load impedances that meet the constraints are: 6.6-3.4j, 11.3 + 0.8j, 19.5 + 4j, 28.7 + 0j, 34.4-5.3j, 3-9.8j, 8 -4j, 16.3-1.5j, 24.4-2.7j, 33-8.8j.
  • the impedance detection unit 1016 detects the equivalent input impedance Zin_tx of the transmitting coil, and then selects a set of values (Ln1, Ln2, Cn1, Cn2, Cn3, Cs) based on the adjustable device, that is, switches (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6), the value of the input impedance Zin_n viewed from the left to the right of the impedance adjustable circuit in the circuit shown in FIG. 1C is closest to any one of the plurality of target equivalent load impedances.
  • Table 1 shows the state values of switches K1 to K6 under different operating conditions. Among them, 1 indicates that the switch is closed, and 0 indicates that the switch is open.
  • the coil coupling coefficient k changes from 0.1 to 0.4, and the load R load changes from 10 ohms to 100 ohms.
  • the output power of the system is maintained at about 9w, and the efficiency is maintained at more than 66%.
  • FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B, FIG. 7A, and FIG. 7B are schematic diagrams of characteristics comparison between the technical solution provided by the present application and the technical solution using the prior art obtained through simulation tests.
  • the circuit structure using the technical solution provided in this application is shown in FIG. 1C.
  • the circuit structure using the prior art has no impedance adjustable circuit 1012, switches K6 and Cs2 compared to FIG. 1C.
  • the coupling coefficient k corresponding to FIGS. 6A and 6B is 0.3.
  • the coupling coefficient k corresponding to FIGS. 7A and 7B is 0.2.
  • 6A and 7A are schematic diagrams of corresponding output efficiency characteristics, and FIG. 6B and FIG.
  • FIGS. 7B are schematic diagrams of corresponding output power characteristics. It can be known from the observation that the technical solution of the prior art has unstable output under wide coupling and wide load changes, and the efficiency drops very low in some cases. This test also verifies the superiority of the technical solution provided by this application. The technical solution provided by the application can achieve efficient and stable output under wide load and wide coupling changes.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a wireless charging system, including: a load device and a wireless charger for wirelessly charging the load device; the wireless charger may be as described in any of the previous embodiments, and details are not described herein again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种无线充电器（101）和控制方法，无线充电器（101）包括：E类功率放大器（1011）和与E类功率放大器（1011）的输出端相连的阻抗可调电路（1012）；E类功率放大器（1011）包括：开关管（Q）和与开关管（Q）并联的可调电容电路（10111）；无线充电器（101）还包括：控制单元（1015），用于获取E类功率放大器（1011）的约束条件，根据约束条件确定E类功率放大器（1011）的N1个目标等效负载阻抗，对E类功率放大器（1011）中的可调电容电路（10111）的电容值进行调节、对阻抗可调电路（1012）的阻抗值进行调节，使E类功率放大器（1011）的等效负载阻抗与N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配。由于E类功率放大器（1011）的等效负载阻抗与目标等效负载阻抗匹配，所以无线充电器可以实现E类功率放大器（1011）高效稳定地输出。

Description

一种无线充电器和控制方法
本申请要求于2018年05月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为2018105486226、申请名称为“一种无线充电器和控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线充电领域，尤其涉及一种无线充电器和控制方法。
背景技术
无线充电装置具有体积小、便携性高、有利于用电设备防水防尘设计等优点，目前广泛应用于智能手机、可穿戴设备等电子设备。
E类功率放大器因为其理想工作效率可以达到100％，而且结构简单，容易实现等优点，在无线充电领域得到广泛的使用。
在实际使用时，负载设备的位置及大小发生变化时，会引起E类功率放大器实际的输出效率和输出功率发生较大变化，输出功率在较大范围内变化时，会对负载设备造成伤害，如产生加速电池老化等问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种无线充电器和控制方法，能够在负载发生变化时，确保E类功率放大器高效稳定地输出。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线充电器，包括E类功率放大器和与所述E类功率放大器的输出端相连的阻抗可调电路；其中，所述E类功率放大器包括：开关管和与所述开关管并联的可调电容电路；所述无线充电器还包括：控制单元，
所述控制单元，用于获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件，所述约束条件包括：所述E类功率放大器的目标效率、所述E类功率放大器的目标输出功率、以及所述E类功率放大器的电路参数；其中，所述目标效率为所述E类功率放大器的预设的最低输出效率、所述目标输出功率为所述E类功率放大器的预设的恒定输出功率；
所述控制单元还用于，根据所述约束条件确定所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗，所述N1为1或者大于1的整数；
所述控制单元还用于，对所述E类功率放大器中的所述可调电容电路的电容值进行调节、对所述阻抗可调电路的阻抗值进行调节，使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，根据E类功率放大器的约束条件，确定符合约束条件的多个目标等效负载阻抗，然后对E类功率放大器中的可调电容电路的电容值进行调节、以及对阻抗可调电路的阻抗值进行调节，使E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配。采用本申请实施例提供的技术方案，由于E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与目标等效负载阻抗匹配，即使负载发生变化，仍然可以确保E类功率放大器高效稳定地输出。
基于第一方面，在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，所述无线充电器还可以包括：存储单元，所述存储单元，用于预存所述E类功率放大器的约束条件；
所述控制单元用于获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件时，具体用于从所述存储单元获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件。
基于第一方面，在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，所述无线充电器还包括：通讯单元，
所述通讯单元，用于通过与其进行通讯的终端获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件；
所述控制单元用于获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件时，具体用于从所述通讯单元获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件。
基于第一方面，在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，所述控制单元用于使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配时，具体用于使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗等于所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗。
基于第一方面，在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，所述控制单元用于使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配时，具体用于使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗等于所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中与所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗的差值的模最小的目标等效负载阻抗。
基于第一方面，在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，所述控制单元用于根据所述约束条件确定所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗时，具体用于若所述可调电容电路有N2个可调节到的值，则每个可调节到的电容值对应一个史密斯图，每个史密斯图对应一个符合约束条件的目标曲线段；所述N2为大于或者等于2的整数；从N2个目标曲线段中选取N1个点，将所述N1个点分别对应的阻抗的集合作为所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线充电控制方法，应用于为负载设备进行无线充电的无线充电器，所述无线充电器包括：E类功率放大器和与所述E类功率放大器的输出端相连的阻抗可调电路，其中，所述E类功率放大器包括：开关管和与所述开关管并联的可调电容电路，所述方法包括：
获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件，所述约束条件包括：所述E类功率放大器的目标效率、所述E类功率放大器的目标输出功率以及所述E类功率放大器的电路参数，其中，所述目标效率为所述E类功率放大器的预设的最低输出效率、所述目标输出功率为所述E类功率放大器的预设的恒定输出功率；
根据所述约束条件确定所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗，所述N1为1或者大于1的整数；
对所述E类功率放大器中的所述可调电容电路的电容值进行调节、对所述阻抗可调电路的阻抗值进行调节，使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配。
基于第二方面，在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，所述获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件，包括：
从预存了所述约束条件的存储单元获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件；或者，
通过与所述无线充电器通讯的终端获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件。
基于第二方面，在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，所述使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配，包括：
使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗等于所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗。
基于第二方面，在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，所述使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配，包括：
使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗等于所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中与所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗的差值的模最小的目标等效负载阻抗。
基于第二方面，在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，所述根据所述约束条件确定所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗，包括：
若所述可调电容电路有N2个可调节到的值，则每个可调节到的电容值对应一个史密斯图，每个史密斯图对应一个符合约束条件的目标曲线段；所述N2为大于或者等于2的整数；
从N2个目标曲线段中选取N1个点，将所述N1个点分别对应的阻抗的集合作为所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线充电系统，包括：负载设备和为所述负载设备进行无线充电的无线充电器；所述无线充电器为上述第一方面所述的无线充电器或者第一方面任一种可能的实施方式所述的无线充电器。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1A是本申请一个实施例提供的无线充电系统的应用场景示意图。
图1B是本申请一个实施例提供的无线充电系统的结构示意图。
图1C是本申请一个实施例中与图1B对应的一个具体电路结构示意图。
图2是本申请一个实施例对应的一个史密斯示意图。
图3是本申请一个实施例对应的另一个史密斯示意图。
图4是本申请一实施例提供的无线充电控制方法流程示意图。
图5是本申请一实施例提供的无线充电控制方法流程示意图。
图6A是采用本申请提供的技术方案与采用现有技术的技术方案特性对比示意图。
图6B是采用本申请提供的技术方案与采用现有技术的技术方案特性对比示意图。
图7A是采用本申请提供的技术方案与采用现有技术的技术方案特性对比示意图。
图7B是采用本申请提供的技术方案与采用现有技术的技术方案特性对比示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述。
本申请实施例中的无线充电器适用于各种具有无线充电功能的电子设备，尤其适用于一些便携设备，如手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、各种穿戴设备等终端产品。此类终端产 品对移动性要求较高，采用无线充电器可以彻底摆脱线缆的束缚，有利于提高终端产品的的移动性和提升用户体验。
为了便于描述，以下将被充电的电子产品称为负载设备，本申请实施例的主要创新在于无线充电系统的发射端称为无线充电器。
如图1A所示，本申请实施例中涉及的无线充电系统包括作为发射端的无线充电器101以及作为接收端的负载设备102，负载设备102接收来自无线充电器101的能量以对该负载设备102的电池进行充电或者直接为负载设备102供电。
请参见图1B，为本申请的一个实施例提供的无线充电系统的结构示意图。无线充电系统包括无线充电器101和负载设备102。
无线充电器101包括：E类功率放大器1011，E类功率放大器1011包括：开关管Q和与开关管Q并联的可调电容电路10111，具体地，可调电容电路10111的一端与开关管Q的漏极相连，可调电容电路10111的另一端与开关管Q的源极相连，电源V DD通过射频扼流线圈L f与开关管Q的漏极相连，滤波电路10112的输入端与开关管Q的漏极相连。无线充电器101还包括：为E类功率放大器1011提供驱动信号V D的驱动电路1014、与滤波电路10112的输出端相连的阻抗可调电路1012、连接在发射线圈Ltx和阻抗可调电路1012之间的发射线圈补偿电路1013、与发射线圈补偿电路1013的输入端相连的阻抗检测单元1016、与阻抗检测单元1016相连的控制单元1015，控制单元1015还与阻抗可调电路1012和可调电容电路10111相连。负载设备102包括依次相连的接收线圈Lrx、接收线圈补充电路1023、整流器1022、和直流负载1021。
无线充电器101中的控制单元1015，用于获取E类功率放大器的约束条件。其中，约束条件包括：E类功率放大器1011的目标效率、E类功率放大器1011的目标输出功率、以及E类功率放大器1011的电路参数。目标效率为E类功率放大器1011的预设的最低输出效率、目标输出功率为E类功率放大器1011的预设的恒定输出功率。举例来说，目标效率可以是65％、80％、或者90％等。目标输出功率可以是8w、9w、9.2w、10w等。E类功率放大器的电路参数包括：射频扼流线圈L F的电感值、电源V DD的电压值、开关管Q的参数、可调电容的可能组合值、滤波电路的参数值。
以图1C为例，图1C中可调电容电路的可能组合包括两种可能的取值，一种是开关K 6打开时对应的电容值C S1，一种是开关K 6闭合对应的电容值C S1+C S2。滤波电路10112包括串联连接的电感L 0和电容C 0，滤波电路10112的参数值包括电感L 0的电感值、以及电容C 0的电容值。
在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，无线充电器101还可以包括存储单元，用于预存约束条件，控制单元1015可以从存储单元获取预存的约束条件。在本申请另一可能的实施方式中，无线充电器101可以包括通讯单元，用于通过与其进行通讯的终端获取E类功率放大器1011的约束条件，控制单元1015通过通讯单元获取E类功率放大器1011的约束条件。
控制单元1015还用于，确定符合约束条件的E类功率放大器1011的N 1个目标等效负载阻抗，所述N 1为1或者大于1的整数。
需要说明的是，若可调电容电路10111具有N 2个可调节到的值，则每个可调节到的电容值对应一个史密斯图，每个史密斯图对应一个符合约束条件的目标曲线段；N 2为大于 或者等于2的整数。以图1C为例，该实施例中N 2＝2，则其对应两个史密斯图，如图2和图3所示。图2和图3对应的E类功率放大器1011的目标效率为90％，E类功率放大器1011的目标输出功率为10.2w。每个史密斯图对应一个符合约束条件的目标曲线段，即目标功率曲线在目标效率对应的区域内的曲线段。
控制单元1015从N 2个目标曲线段中选取N 1个点，将所述N 1个点分别对应的阻抗的集合作为所述E类功率放大器1011的N 1个目标等效负载阻抗。其中，N 1可以为预设的值，图2和图3对应的实施例中，在每条符合约束条件的目标曲线段上随机取4个点分别对应的阻抗值作为目标等效负载阻抗；可以理解的，在一些可能的实施例中N 1个目标等效负载阻抗可以包括各目标曲线段对应的阻抗的端值。
以每条目标曲线段上随机选取4个点为例进行描述，如图2为图1C中开关K 6断开，即可调电容电路的电容值为C s1时的史密斯图，图2中随机选取的4个点分别是Z T1、Z T2、Z T3、和Z T4；图3为图1C中开关K6闭合时、即可调电容电路的电容值为C s1+C s2时的史密斯图，图3中随机选取的4个点分别是Z T5、Z T6、Z T7、和Z T8。因此，符合约束条件的E类功率放大器的目标等效负载阻抗包括Z T1、Z T2、Z T3、Z T4、Z T5、Z T6、Z T7、和Z T8分别对应的阻抗值。
控制单元1015还用于，对E类功率放大器1011中的可调电容电路10111的电容值进行调节、对阻抗可调电路1012中的阻抗值进行调节，使E类功率放大器1011的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配。
需要说明的时，阻抗可调电路1012中的可调参数可以是无极调节参数，也可以是开关参数。
对于无极调节参数来说，可以将E类功率放大器1011的等效负载阻抗调节为等于目标等效负载阻抗。控制单元1015的处理流程可以参考图4所示的流程示意图。如图4所示，处理流程可以包括如下步骤：
401、确定符合约束条件的N1个目标等效负载(Z T1、Z T2、…Z TN1)。
以图2、图3为例，N1为8，符合约束条件的8个目标等效负载分别为Z T1、Z T2、Z T3、Z T4、Z T5、Z T6、Z T7、和Z T8。
402、检测发射线圈等效输入阻抗Zin_tx。
在本申请一些可能的实施方式中，发射线圈等效输入阻抗Zin_tx可以如图1C中所示，由阻抗检测单元1016检测得到。负载设备102的变化通过发射线圈等效输入阻抗Zin_tx体现。
403、设置i＝1。
404、计算将Zin_tx转换为Z Ti所需的输出网络参数。
405、判断计算得到的网络参数是否在可调范围内。
若步骤405的判断结果为否，则执行步骤407，设置i＝i+1，然后执行步骤404。
若步骤405的判断结果为是，则执行步骤406，设置电路参数，调节完成。
在本发明一些可能的实施方式中，可调电容电路和阻抗可调电路中电容和阻抗的变化可以通过开关进行切换，目标等效负载阻抗为：对E类功率放大器中的可调电容电路进行 调节、对阻抗可调电路中的阻抗值进行调节，使E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配。控制单元的处理流程可以参考图5所示的流程示意图。图5所示的处理流程包括如下步骤：
501、确定符合约束条件的N1个目标等效负载(Z T1、Z T2、…Z TN1)。
以图2、图3为例，N1为8，符合约束条件的8个目标等效负载分别为Z T1、Z T2、Z T3、Z T4、Z T5、Z T6、Z T7、和Z T8。
502、检测发射线圈等效输入阻抗Zin_tx。
在本发明一些可能的实施方式中，发射线圈等效输入阻抗Zin_tx可以如图1C中所示，由阻抗检测单元1016检测得到。负载设备102的变化通过发射线圈等效输入阻抗Zin_tx体现。
503、计算等效输入阻抗为Zin_tx时E类功率放大器能够调节到的所有值(Z 1,…,Z N2)。
504、从数据组(ZTi，Zj)中确定|ZTi-Zj|的最小值，其中，i≤N1，j≤N2。
505、根据|ZTi-Zj|的最小值,设置电路参数。
调节完成。
为了验证本申请的性能，申请人进行了仿真试验。无线充电器的结构如图1C中所示，约束条件包括：E类功率放大器的输出功率保持在9w左右，效率维持在66％以上。射频扼流线圈L f的电感值为68uH、开关并联电容C s1为215pF、开关并联电容C s2为205pF、滤波电感L 0为1.42uH、滤波电容C 0为626pF、发射线圈Ltx的电感值为3.24uH、发射线圈寄生电阻r tx为0.7ohm、发射线圈补偿电容Ctx为165pF、接收线圈Lrx电感值为3.24uH、接收线圈寄生电阻r rx的电阻值为0.7ohm、接收线圈补偿电容Crx为175pF、发射与接收线圈间的耦合系数k为(0.1～0.4)。阻抗可调电路为L型阻抗匹配网络，其中，射频电感Ln1为400nH、射频电感Ln2为600nH、射频电容Cn1电容值为300pF、射频电容Cn2电容值为450pF、射频电容Cn3电容值为600pF、射频扼流线圈Lr的电感值为68uH、二极管Dr并联电容Cr的电容值为200pF、直流滤波电容Cf的电容值为44uF。
控制单元1015获取约束条件后，确定符合约束条件的目标等效负载阻抗分别为：6.6-3.4j、11.3+0.8j、19.5+4j、28.7+0j、34.4-5.3j、3-9.8j、8-4j、16.3-1.5j、24.4-2.7j、33-8.8j。阻抗检测单元1016检测发射线圈等效输入阻抗Zin_tx，然后基于可调器件选取一组(Ln1、Ln2、Cn1、Cn2、Cn3、Cs)的值，也即选取开关(K1、K2、K3、K4、K5、K6)的开关状态，使图1C所示电路中由阻抗可调电路左侧向右侧看的输入阻抗Zin_n的值与所述多个目标等效负载阻抗的任一值最接近。表1为开关K1至K6在不同工作条件下的状态值。其中，1表示开关闭合，0表示开关断开。线圈耦合系数k从0.1变到0.4，负载R load从10欧姆变到100欧姆的过程中，系统的输出功率保持在9w左右，效率维持在66％以上。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019085946-appb-000001
图6A、图6B、图7A、图7B为通过仿真试验获取的采用本申请提供的技术方案与采用现有技术的技术方案的特性对比示意图。其中，采用本申请提供的技术方案的电路结构如图1C所示，作为对比的采用现有技术的电路结构相对图1C没有阻抗可调电路1012、开关K6和Cs2，其他电路结构和参数与图1B中的相同。图6A和图6B对应的耦合系数k为0.3。图7A和图7B对应的耦合系数k为0.2。图6A和图7A为对应输出效率特性曲线示意图，图6B和图7B为对应的输出功率特性曲线示意图。经观察可知，现有技术的技术方案在宽耦合宽负载变化的情况下输出不稳定，效率在一些情况下下跌的很低，该试验也验证了本申请提供的技术方案的优越性，使用本申请提供的技术方案，可以实现在宽负载、宽耦合变化情况下高效稳定地输出。
本申请实施例还提供了一种无线充电系统，包括：负载设备和为所述负载设备进行无线充电的无线充电器；无线充电器可以如前面任一实施例所述，这里不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。以上所揭露的仅为本申请较佳实施例而已，不能以此来限定本申请之权利范围，因此依本申请权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本申请所涵盖的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种无线充电器，其特征在于，包括E类功率放大器和与所述E类功率放大器的输出端相连的阻抗可调电路；其中，所述E类功率放大器包括：开关管和与所述开关管并联的可调电容电路；所述无线充电器还包括：控制单元，
    所述控制单元，用于获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件，所述约束条件包括：所述E类功率放大器的目标效率、所述E类功率放大器的目标输出功率、以及所述E类功率放大器的电路参数；其中，所述目标效率为所述E类功率放大器的预设的最低输出效率、所述目标输出功率为所述E类功率放大器的预设的恒定输出功率；
    所述控制单元还用于，根据所述约束条件确定所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗，所述N1为1或者大于1的整数；
    所述控制单元还用于，对所述E类功率放大器中的所述可调电容电路的电容值进行调节、对所述阻抗可调电路的阻抗值进行调节，使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电器，其特征在于，所述无线充电器还包括：存储单元，
    所述存储单元，用于预存所述E类功率放大器的约束条件；
    所述控制单元用于获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件时，具体用于从所述存储单元获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电器，其特征在于，所述无线充电器还包括：通讯单元，
    所述通讯单元，用于通过与其进行通讯的终端获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件；
    所述控制单元用于获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件时，具体用于从所述通讯单元获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电器，其特征在于，
    所述控制单元用于使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配时，具体用于使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗等于所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电器，其特征在于，
    所述控制单元用于使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配时，具体用于使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗等于所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中与所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗的差值的模最小的目标等效负载阻抗。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的无线充电器，其特征在于，
    所述控制单元用于根据所述约束条件确定所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗时，具体用于若所述可调电容电路有N2个可调节到的值，则每个可调节到的电容值对应一个史密斯图，每个史密斯图对应一个符合约束条件的目标曲线段；所述N2为大于或者等于2的整数；从N2个目标曲线段中选取N1个点，将所述N1个点分别对应的阻抗的集合作为所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗。
  7. 一种无线充电控制方法，其特征在于，应用于为负载设备进行无线充电的无线充电器，所述无线充电器包括：E类功率放大器和与所述E类功率放大器的输出端相连的阻抗可调电路，其中，所述E类功率放大器包括：开关管和与所述开关管并联的可调电容电路，所述方法包括：
    获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件，所述约束条件包括：所述E类功率放大器的目标效率、所述E类功率放大器的目标输出功率以及所述E类功率放大器的电路参数，其中，所述目标效率为所述E类功率放大器的预设的最低输出效率、所述目标输出功率为所述E类功率放大器的预设的恒定输出功率；
    根据所述约束条件确定所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗，所述N1为1或者大于1的整数；
    对所述E类功率放大器中的所述可调电容电路的电容值进行调节、对所述阻抗可调电路的阻抗值进行调节，使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件，包括：
    从预存了所述约束条件的存储单元获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件；或者，
    通过与所述无线充电器通讯的终端获取所述E类功率放大器的约束条件。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配，包括：
    使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗等于所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗与所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中的一个目标等效负载阻抗匹配，包括：
    使所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗等于所述N1个目标等效负载阻抗中与所述E类功率放大器的等效负载阻抗的差值的模最小的目标等效负载阻抗。
  11. 根据权利要7至10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述约束条件确定所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗，包括：
    若所述可调电容电路有N2个可调节到的值，则每个可调节到的电容值对应一个史密斯图，每个史密斯图对应一个符合约束条件的目标曲线段；所述N2为大于或者等于2的整数；
    从N2个目标曲线段中选取N1个点，将所述N1个点分别对应的阻抗的集合作为所述E类功率放大器的N1个目标等效负载阻抗。
  12. 一种无线充电系统，其特征在于，包括：负载设备和为所述负载设备进行无线充电的无线充电器；
    所述无线充电器如权利要求1-6任一项所述。
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